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"125": {
"batch_id": "125",
"question": "What was the estimated range for the share of land area used for agriculture in the East Asia and Pacific region during the period when Cyprus's share of energy consumption in agriculture and forestry experienced its most significant growth, rising from under 1% to over 2%?",
"answer": "48% - 50%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1 ('Share of total energy used in agriculture and forestry, 1992 to 2009') is used to identify the time period of interest. The line for Cyprus shows its most significant and rapid growth between 2004 and 2006, where its share jumps from below 1% (around 0.6%) to approximately 2.5%. This establishes the period as 2004-2006. Second, Chart 2 ('Share of land area used for agriculture') is consulted for this specific time frame. The line for 'East Asia and Pacific (WB)' during the years 2004-2006 is consistently positioned just below the 50% mark. A visual estimation of the values on the y-axis for this line during that period indicates a range between 48% and 50%."
},
"229": {
"batch_id": "229",
"question": "If you multiply the world's share of daily calorie supply from animal protein in 2009 by 35 and 36, this creates a height range. During which range of birth years did the average global height for women fall within this calculated range?",
"answer": "1917-1956",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, identify the world's share of daily calorie supply from animal protein in 2009 from the second chart, which is 4.4%. Next, calculate the target height range by multiplying this value by 35 and 36, which results in a range of 154.0 cm to 158.4 cm. Finally, by examining the first chart and its data table for the average height of women, we find that the height first exceeded 154.0 cm in the birth year 1917 (154.117 cm) and stayed below 158.4 cm until the birth year 1956 (158.311 cm), crossing the upper threshold in 1957. Therefore, the corresponding range of birth years is 1917-1956."
},
"138": {
"batch_id": "138",
"question": "In 2016, the year for which rotavirus deaths prevented are reported, what was the range of HPV vaccination rates for the countries shown in Chart 1 that belong to the region with the lowest number of prevented deaths in Chart 2 (excluding regions with 5 or fewer deaths)?",
"answer": "9-16%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, identify the relevant year from Chart 2, which is 2016. Next, find the region in Chart 2 with the lowest number of prevented rotavirus deaths, excluding regions with 5 or fewer deaths (Oceania, Eastern Europe, Central Europe). This region is Western Europe, with 20 deaths prevented. Then, identify the countries in Chart 1 that belong to Western Europe; these are Austria and Denmark. Finally, using Chart 1, find the range of HPV vaccination rates for these two countries in the year 2016. The data shows Austria's rate was 9% and Denmark's was 16%, resulting in a range of 9-16%."
},
"209": {
"batch_id": "209",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the share of medium and high-tech manufacturing in Brazil's gross domestic product during the years on the second chart that occurred after the percentage of US women aged 75 living alone reached its peak?",
"answer": "32%–36%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The first chart shows that the percentage of US women aged 75 living alone peaked in 1980. The relevant time period for the second chart is therefore the years after 1980, which, based on the second chart's x-axis, is 2008-2021. During this period, the line for Brazil in the second chart shows its share of medium and high-tech manufacturing reached its maximum value of 35.44% in 2008 (confirmed by the table) and its minimum value of approximately 32% around 2014 (estimated from the chart). This gives a range of 32% to 36%."
},
"77": {
"batch_id": "77",
"question": "During the period when the literacy rate among young men in Turkey increased from approximately 97% to 100%, what was the corresponding range of literacy rates for adult men in India?",
"answer": "62-79%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart ('Literacy rate among young men, 1975 to 2023'). The literacy rate for young men in Turkey is approximately 97% in 1990 and reaches 100% in 2014, as confirmed by the chart and its corresponding data table. This establishes the period of interest as 1990-2014. Next, we examine the first chart ('Literacy rate in adult men, 1990 to 2022') to find the range of literacy rates for adult men in India within this timeframe. According to the chart and its data table, India's lowest recorded rate during this period was 62.0% in 1991, and its highest was 79.0% in 2011. Therefore, the corresponding range of literacy rates for adult men in India is 62% to 79%."
},
"79": {
"batch_id": "79",
"question": "During the years when Moldova's death rate from digestive diseases was continuously above 100 per 100,000 people, what was the corresponding range for the opioid use disorder death rate in Russia?",
"answer": "5.3-6.9",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the first chart and its data, the death rate from digestive diseases in Moldova was continuously above 100 per 100,000 people between 2003 and 2005 (with values of 101.929, 103.054, and 112.641 respectively). During this same period (2003-2005), the second chart and its data show that the death rate from opioid use disorders in Russia ranged from a minimum of 5.300 per 100,000 in 2003 to a maximum of 6.890 in 2005, resulting in the range 5.3-6.9."
},
"185": {
"batch_id": "185",
"question": "During the years when Senegal's ratio of business trips to personal trips remained constant, what was the range of Germany's revenue from corporate income taxes as a share of GDP?",
"answer": "1.67% - 1.99%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 2 is analyzed to identify the period when Senegal's ratio of business trips to personal trips was stable. The purple line, labeled for Senegal, is visibly flat from 2014 to 2017. The corresponding data table confirms that the ratio for Senegal was constant at 0.299 from 2014 to 2017. This establishes the time range of interest. Next, Chart 1 is examined to find the range of Germany's revenue from corporate income taxes as a share of GDP during this specific 2014-2017 period. According to the data table for Chart 1, Germany's values were 1.67% in 2014, 1.93% in 2015, 1.98% in 2016, and 1.99% in 2017. Therefore, the range for Germany's revenue during the period of Senegal's stable travel ratio was from a minimum of 1.67% to a maximum of 1.99%."
},
"150": {
"batch_id": "150",
"question": "During the approximate range of years when China's tuberculosis case fatality rate was at or below 5%, what was the corresponding range of the cholera case-fatality rate in Mali?",
"answer": "0% - 34%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the tuberculosis chart (Chart 2) where China's case fatality rate was at or below 5%. Visually, this begins around 2013 and continues to the end of the chart's timeline. Next, we examine the cholera chart (Chart 1) for the same period (2013-2021). In this timeframe, Mali's cholera case-fatality rate had a minimum value of 0% (between 2013 and 2015) and then rose to a maximum value in 2021, which is visually estimated from the chart to be approximately 33.5%. Therefore, the full range of Mali's cholera case-fatality rate during the specified period is from 0% to 33.5%, which can be stated as the range 0% - 34%."
},
"116": {
"batch_id": "116",
"question": "For the country with the consistently lowest male-to-female suicide rate ratio (Peru), what was the approximate range of this ratio during the years 2007-2011, a period where its ratio remained above one-tenth of the 2019 renewable energy share of the United States (18%)?",
"answer": "2.0 - 2.6",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a threshold value is derived from Chart 2. The United States' share of electricity from renewables in 2019 is 18%. One-tenth of this value is 1.8. Next, this threshold is applied to Chart 1. Peru is identified as the country with the consistently lowest male-to-female suicide rate ratio. We then examine the period from 2007 to 2011 for Peru. According to the chart and supporting table, the ratios for these years are 1.995, 2.077, 2.599, 2.507, and 2.331, all of which are above the 1.8 threshold. The question asks for the range of this ratio within this specific period (2007-2011). The minimum value is approximately 2.0 (1.995 in 2007) and the maximum is approximately 2.6 (2.599 in 2009), resulting in the range 2.0 - 2.6."
},
"94": {
"batch_id": "94",
"question": "During the period from 2008 to 2021, when methane emissions from agriculture in the United Kingdom were consistently between 25 million and 30 million tonnes, what was the estimated range for the share of informal employment in agriculture in Hungary?",
"answer": "10% - 42%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the condition from the second chart, 'Methane emissions from agriculture'. The United Kingdom's emissions remained within the 25 million to 30 million tonnes band for the entire period shown that overlaps with the first chart (2008-2021). Next, we examine the first chart, 'Share of informal employment in agriculture', for Hungary during this same time frame. By visually inspecting Hungary's line graph, we find its lowest point occurred in 2015 at approximately 10%, and its highest point was in 2017, reaching approximately 41.5%. Therefore, the full range of Hungary's share of informal employment in agriculture during the specified period is estimated to be 10% to 42%."
},
"162": {
"batch_id": "162",
"question": "During the period from 2005 to 2007, when Russia's total deaths from mental and substance use disorders peaked and began to decline, what was the corresponding range of the death rate per 100,000 people in Cyprus?",
"answer": "2.8-3.8",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a time period is identified from the second chart, which shows the total number of deaths. Russia's total deaths from mental and substance use disorders peaked and began a sustained decline between 2005 and 2007. The data table for chart 2 shows a peak value of 69,549 in 2005, followed by a drop to 60,360 in 2006. Second, using this time frame (2005-2007), we examine the first chart, which shows the death rate per 100,000 people. For Cyprus, the data table for chart 1 shows a rate of 2.8 in 2005. The line graph shows this rate rising to its highest point in 2007, which is visually estimated from the y-axis to be approximately 3.7 or 3.8. Therefore, the range of the death rate for Cyprus during this period is from 2.8 to 3.8."
},
"122": {
"batch_id": "122",
"question": "Estimate the range of the child mortality rate for India and China during the year Tanzania's maternal mortality ratio first dropped below 500 deaths per 100,000 live births.",
"answer": "1.5% - 6.5%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the first chart, Tanzania's maternal mortality ratio, which started at 760 in 2000, is observed to have dropped below 500 deaths per 100,000 live births in the year 2010. The data table confirms this transition occurred between 2009 (524.3) and 2010 (476.9). Using 2010 as the reference year, the second chart shows the child mortality rates for India and China. In 2010, China's child mortality rate was visually estimated to be around 1.5-2.0%, while India's was higher, at approximately 4.0-4.5%. Therefore, the combined range for the two countries in that year was 1.5% to 4.5%."
},
"156": {
"batch_id": "156",
"question": "During the years when China's annual deaths from poisoning peaked above 25,000, what was the approximate range of annual deaths from Parkinson's disease in Austria?",
"answer": "770-900",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The second chart shows that China's annual deaths from poisoning were at their highest, consistently exceeding 25,000, between the years 2009 and 2013. Examining the first chart for this same period, the annual number of deaths from Parkinson's disease in Austria reached its minimum around 2011 at approximately 770-780 deaths and its maximum in 2012 at approximately 900 deaths. Therefore, the estimated range for Austria's deaths during this time is 770-900."
},
"135": {
"batch_id": "135",
"question": "During the period when Samoa's manufacturing employment share experienced its most significant drop, from over 15% to under 6%, what was the approximate range of manufacturing's value added as a percentage of GDP for Belarus?",
"answer": "22%-29%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the condition from Chart 1. The chart and its corresponding table show that Samoa's manufacturing employment share experienced its most significant drop between 2006 (at 15.58%) and 2011 (at 5.46%). This establishes the period of interest as 2006-2011. Next, we use this time frame to find a range in Chart 2. Looking at the line for Belarus in Chart 2 between the years 2006 and 2011, its manufacturing share of GDP is on a downward trend. Visually estimating from the chart, the value in 2006 is just under 30% (around 29%), and by 2011, it has fallen to approximately 22%. Therefore, the range of manufacturing's value added as a percentage of GDP for Belarus during this period was approximately 22% to 29%."
},
"42": {
"batch_id": "42",
"question": "Estimate the resulting range for the share of registered deaths across all countries shown in the second chart if each value were reduced by the peak percentage of deaths from terrorism recorded for Chile in the first chart.",
"answer": "84.5% - 97.2%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, the peak share of deaths from terrorism for Chile is identified from the first chart. The spike for Chile occurs around 1983-1984, reaching a value visually estimated to be approximately 2.8%, as it is clearly above the 2.5% line. Second, the range of the share of registered deaths for all countries in the second chart is determined. The maximum share is 100% (for Poland, Iceland, and Czechia) and the minimum is 87.3% (for Moldova). Finally, the peak value from the first chart (2.8%) is subtracted from the minimum and maximum values of the second chart: 100% - 2.8% = 97.2% and 87.3% - 2.8% = 84.5%. This yields a final estimated range of 84.5% to 97.2%."
},
"257": {
"batch_id": "257",
"question": "For the country that had a 0.45% probability of mismanaged plastic waste being emitted to the ocean in 2019, during which approximate range of years did its potato production first surpass 40 million tonnes and then remain consistently above that level for the rest of the period shown?",
"answer": "2011-2023",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1, \"Probability of mismanaged plastic waste being emitted to the ocean, 2019\", is used to identify the country with a 0.45% probability of plastic emission, which is India. Second, Chart 2, \"Potato production, 1961 to 2023\", is used to find the time period for India that matches the specified condition. The line representing India's potato production visually crosses the 40 million tonne mark and remains consistently above it from approximately 2011 until the end of the charted period in 2023."
},
"6": {
"batch_id": "6",
"question": "During the period when the share of men in Latvia expected to survive to age 65 was continuously decreasing after 1990, what was the approximate range for the share of women in Honduras expected to survive to the same age?",
"answer": "68% - 72%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on Chart 1, the share of men in Latvia expected to survive to age 65 experienced a continuous decline in the years following 1990, reaching a low point around 1995. The value dropped from approximately 62% in 1990 to about 54% in 1995. Examining Chart 2 for this same period (1990-1995), the share of women in Honduras expected to survive to age 65 was increasing. In 1990, the value for Honduras was approximately 68%, and by 1995, it had risen to approximately 72%. This establishes the estimated range of 68% to 72%."
},
"25": {
"batch_id": "25",
"question": "Considering the country from the second chart whose GDP per capita in 2005 was closest to the absolute value (in thousands of dollars) of the Philippines' most severe annual growth decline shown in the first chart, during what range of years did this country's GDP per capita consistently remain above $13,000?",
"answer": "2007-2019",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, from Chart 1, we identify the most severe annual growth decline for the Philippines. The chart shows this occurred around 1984, and the corresponding table confirms the value as -9.689%. Second, we take the absolute value of this percentage (9.689) and treat it as a value in thousands of dollars ($9,689) to create a condition for Chart 2. Third, we examine the GDP per capita of the countries in Chart 2 for the year 2005 to find which is closest to $9,689. The values are: Australia ($49,176.06), Slovakia ($23,306.52), Curacao ($33,651.67), Colombia ($12,218.05), and Bangladesh ($3,231.61). Colombia is the closest. Finally, we determine the time range during which Colombia's GDP per capita consistently stayed above $13,000. The data shows Colombia's GDP per capita surpassed this threshold in 2007 ($13,561.15) and remained above it through the end of the charted period in 2019."
},
"190": {
"batch_id": "190",
"question": "What was the approximate range of pesticide consumption in China, in tonnes, during the years when the survival age for the 99th percentile of the French population first rose from 20 to 25 years?",
"answer": "144,000 to 250,000 tonnes",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Survival ages' chart. The survival age for the 99th percentile in France (the red line) is shown to cross 20 years around 1990; the corresponding table confirms the value was 19.91 years in 1989. Visually tracing this line, it reaches 25 years around the year 1997. This establishes the time frame of interest as approximately 1990-1997. Next, we examine the 'Pesticide use' chart for China's consumption (the green line) within this period. The data table for pesticide use shows China's consumption was 144,459.52 tonnes in 1990. Following the upward trend on the chart, consumption rises to approximately 250,000 tonnes by 1997. Thus, the estimated range of pesticide use for China during this period is 144,000 to 250,000 tonnes."
},
"146": {
"batch_id": "146",
"question": "During the years when Costa Rica's old-age dependency ratio was between 12% and 14%, what was the approximate range of life expectancy in Hungary?",
"answer": "75.5-76.5 years",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Old-age dependency ratio' chart. Costa Rica's dependency ratio was between 12% and 14% from approximately 2014 to 2018. The provided table shows the ratio was 12.312% in 2014, and the visual trend on the chart shows it crossing 14% around 2018. Second, we look at the 'Life expectancy' chart for this same period (2014-2018). In 2014, Hungary's life expectancy was visually estimated to be around 75.5 years. By 2018, it had risen to approximately 76.2 years. Therefore, the corresponding range of life expectancy for Hungary during that period is 75.5-76.5 years."
},
"178": {
"batch_id": "178",
"question": "During the years when Switzerland's annual alcohol consumption per person was consistently above 11.5 liters, what was the estimated range of the homicide rate in South Africa?",
"answer": "38-47",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the alcohol consumption chart and its corresponding data, Switzerland's consumption per person was above 11.5 liters from the year 2000 (12.48 L) through 2005 (11.66 L). During this same time frame, the homicide rate chart and data for South Africa show a decline. The rate was at its highest for the period in 2000 at 46.137 per 100,000 people and fell to its lowest point in 2004 at 38.360. The value for 2005 is visually estimated from the chart to be slightly above the 2004 value. Therefore, the homicide rate for South Africa during this period ranged from approximately 38 to 47 per 100,000 people."
},
"64": {
"batch_id": "64",
"question": "What was the approximate range of annual CO₂ emissions for the United States during the period when Iran's total greenhouse gas emissions rose from 600 million tonnes to 1 billion tonnes?",
"answer": "5 billion to 6.2 billion tonnes",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Greenhouse gas emissions' chart, Iran's emissions increased from 600 million tonnes to 1 billion tonnes approximately between the years 2002 and 2018. Examining the 'Annual CO₂ emissions' chart for the United States during this same 2002-2018 period, its emissions peaked at slightly over 6 billion tonnes around 2005-2007 and then declined to approximately 5 billion tonnes by 2018. Therefore, the range of US CO₂ emissions during the specified timeframe was between 5 billion and 6.2 billion tonnes."
},
"120": {
"batch_id": "120",
"question": "During the period from 2000 to 2002, when the United States' sugar beet production was in a phase of decline, what was the approximate range of sugar beet yields in Germany?",
"answer": "55-62 tonnes per hectare",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The question requires identifying a period of decline in one chart and finding a corresponding value range in the other. According to the 'Sugar beet production' chart (Chart 2), the United States' production experienced a notable decline between the years 2000 and 2002, dropping from a peak of over 30 million tonnes. During this same period (2000-2002), the 'Sugar beet yields' chart (Chart 1) and its corresponding table show that Germany's yield fluctuated. The specific values from the table are 61.659 tonnes per hectare in 2000, 55.238 in 2001, and 58.325 in 2002. Therefore, the range of Germany's yield during this timeframe was approximately 55 to 62 tonnes per hectare."
},
"167": {
"batch_id": "167",
"question": "What was the range of gross overseas development assistance for scholarships received by Papua New Guinea during the period when Estonia maintained its maximum number of implemented sustainable tourism data tables?",
"answer": "$7,500,000 - $31,700,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Monitoring of sustainable tourism' chart. Estonia maintained its maximum number of 8 implemented data tables from 2014 to 2017. Next, we examine the 'Gross overseas development assistance for scholarships' chart for Papua New Guinea during this same period (2014-2017). According to the chart and its data, the assistance values were: $25,010,000 in 2014 and a peak of $31,670,000 in 2015. For 2016 and 2017, data is not in the table, so we estimate from the chart: the value in 2016 was approximately $31,000,000, and it dropped to a low of approximately $7,500,000 in 2017. The full range of assistance for Papua New Guinea during these years is therefore from the minimum of about $7,500,000 to the maximum of $31,670,000."
},
"14": {
"batch_id": "14",
"question": "During the period from 2005 to 2015, when Japan's crude death rate showed a consistent increasing trend, what was the range of the age-standardized death rate from cancer in Switzerland?",
"answer": "99 - 112",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a time period is identified from the 'Crude death rate' chart (Chart 2). Visually, Japan's crude death rate begins a sustained increasing trend around the year 2005 and continues to rise through 2015. This establishes the period of interest as 2005-2015. Next, we examine the 'Death rate from cancer' chart (Chart 1) for Switzerland's data within this period. According to the corresponding table, Switzerland's age-standardized cancer death rate in 2005 was 111.684 per 100,000 people. The chart shows a consistent downward trend for Switzerland from that point. By 2015, the line for Switzerland is visually estimated to be at approximately 90 per 100,000. Therefore, the range, representing the maximum and minimum values for Switzerland during this period, is approximately 90 to 112."
},
"254": {
"batch_id": "254",
"question": "Brazil had approximately 4.84 million farms in 1996. For the country in the book production chart that produced a comparable number of books (in millions) in the half-century centered on 1475, what was its estimated production range between the half-centuries centered on 1575 and 1675?",
"answer": "35,000,000 to 44,000,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 indicates that Brazil had 4.84 million farms in 1996. To find a comparable value in Chart 1 for the half-century centered on 1475, we look for a country that produced a similar number of books (in millions). Italy produced approximately 4.53 million books in 1475, making it the matching country. The question then asks for Italy's book production range between the half-centuries centered on 1575 and 1675. Based on the data points for Italy in Chart 1 and the corresponding table, the production was 41,641,000 in 1575, 35,067,000 in 1625, and 43,293,000 in 1675. The lowest value in this period was ~35 million and the highest was ~43.3 million, establishing the estimated range of 35,000,000 to 44,000,000."
},
"240": {
"batch_id": "240",
"question": "Estimate the range of years during which the percentage of men aged 30 living alone in the United States was between the share of men who reported being victims of forced sex as children in Guatemala and the share in Kenya.",
"answer": "1910-1950",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a numeric range is established using the first chart, which shows the share of men who reported being victims of forced sex as children in Guatemala is 1% and in Kenya is 2%. This gives a target range of 1% to 2%. Second, using the second chart, we examine the trend line for 'Age 30' to find the time period where the percentage of men in the United States living alone falls within this 1%-2% range. According to the chart and supporting table, the value for 'Age 30' was 2.077% in 1900, dipping into the range shortly after. It remained within the range through 1940 (1.545%) but exceeded it by 1960 (3.031%). Visually estimating the points where the line crosses the 2% threshold, the period is approximately from 1910 to 1950."
},
"252": {
"batch_id": "252",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the share of India's population with access to basic handwashing facilities during the period when the United Kingdom's share of primary energy consumption from renewable sources rose from approximately 10% to 20%?",
"answer": "61-77%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a time period is identified from the second chart, 'Share of primary energy consumption from renewable sources'. The United Kingdom's share of renewables is observed to rise from approximately 10% to 20% between the years 2015 and 2022. Next, using this time frame (2015-2022), we consult the first chart, 'Share of population with access to basic handwashing facilities', and its corresponding data table. In 2015, India's share of the population with access to handwashing facilities was 61.836%. By 2022, this figure had risen to 76.265%. Therefore, the range for India's access during this period is approximately 61% to 77%."
},
"212": {
"batch_id": "212",
"question": "Using the estimated number of tuberculosis cases attributable to HIV infection (610,591) and smoking (702,951) in 2023, what range of years saw the world's average life expectancy fall between these two values when each is divided by 10,000?",
"answer": "1980-2010",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart, the estimated number of tuberculosis cases attributable to HIV infection in 2023 was 610,591, and the number attributable to smoking was 702,951. These values are used to create a numeric range by dividing them by 10,000, resulting in a life expectancy range of approximately 61.1 to 70.3 years. According to the first chart, the 'World' life expectancy crossed 61 years around 1980 and crossed 70 years around 2010. Therefore, the range of years during which the world's average life expectancy was between these two derived values is 1980-2010."
},
"8": {
"batch_id": "8",
"question": "What was the estimated range for the age-standardized death rate from stroke in Jordan during the period when Saint Lucia's death rate from diabetes was consistently above 80 per 100,000 people?",
"answer": "109-125",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Death rate from diabetes' chart and its corresponding table, the death rate in Saint Lucia was consistently above 80 per 100,000 people from 2001 to 2004, with values like 105.551 in 2001 and 103.464 in 2004. In the 'Death rate from stroke' chart, during this same 2001-2004 period, Jordan's death rate from stroke had a maximum of 124.852 in 2001 and a minimum of 109.409 in 2003. Therefore, the estimated range for Jordan's stroke death rate during this timeframe is 109-125 per 100,000 people."
},
"92": {
"batch_id": "92",
"question": "During the period from 2001 to 2005, when Jordan's freshwater withdrawal as a share of internal resources was on an increasing trend, what was the range of freshwater withdrawal (in liters per kilogram) for all listed food products derived from crops (i.e., non-animal products)?",
"answer": "28 L - 4,134 L",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, Jordan's freshwater withdrawal as a share of internal resources shows a sustained increasing trend during the period from 2001 to 2005, rising from a low of approximately 77% to a high of approximately 96%. The provided table confirms this trend with values of 77.32% in 2001 and 95.94% in 2005. The second chart lists various food products and their freshwater withdrawal per kilogram. The products derived from crops are Nuts (4,134 L), Rice (2,248 L), Groundnuts (1,852 L), Wheat & Rye (648 L), Peas (397 L), Tomatoes (370 L), Maize (216 L), Apples (180 L), Bananas (115 L), Citrus Fruit (83 L), Wine (79 L), Potatoes (59 L), and Root Vegetables (28 L). The minimum value in this group is 28 L for Root Vegetables, and the maximum is 4,134 L for Nuts, establishing the range."
},
"89": {
"batch_id": "89",
"question": "Estimate the range of cocoa bean consumption per person in Australia during the years that saw the steepest decline in mobile phone subscriptions for Nicaragua.",
"answer": "3.0-3.8 kg",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, Nicaragua's mobile phone subscriptions experienced their steepest decline between 2017 and 2018, dropping from approximately 125 to 94 subscriptions per 100 people. This period of significant decline continued into 2019. In the second chart, during this same timeframe (2017-2019), Australia's cocoa bean consumption per person ranged from a high of approximately 3.8 kg in 2017 to a low of about 3.2 kg in 2019."
},
"75": {
"batch_id": "75",
"question": "During the years when the global population of one-year-olds was at its peak of approximately 140 million, what was the corresponding range of commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults in Jordan?",
"answer": "13.2 - 14.6",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Number of one-year-olds, World' chart, the total population of one-year-olds reached its peak of approximately 140 million between 2015 and 2020. During this same period, the 'Commercial bank branches' chart and associated data show a decline for Jordan. In 2015, Jordan had 14.503 branches per 100,000 adults. By 2020, this number had visually decreased on the chart to approximately 13.2. Therefore, the range for Jordan during this period is 13.2 to 14.6."
},
"259": {
"batch_id": "259",
"question": "Considering the average daily work hours for the 'Clothing' industry in 1880, if this value is divided by 100 to represent a death rate per 100,000 people, during what range of years did the worldwide death rate for 'All ages' from cocaine use disorder first cross and remain above this threshold?",
"answer": "2005-2010",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the average daily work hours for the 'Clothing' industry in 1880 was 9.98 hours. This value is used to create a comparative threshold for the second chart by dividing it by 100, resulting in a death rate of 0.0998 per 100,000 people. According to the second chart and its corresponding data table, the worldwide death rate from cocaine use disorders for 'All ages' was below this threshold until 2005, when it rose to 0.103. The rate remained above 0.0998 for the subsequent years. The range 2005-2010 represents the initial period after the rate first crossed this threshold and established a new, higher baseline."
},
"85": {
"batch_id": "85",
"question": "During the period when government spending on secondary education in Cyprus was consistently above 2.5% of GDP, what was the approximate range for the percentage of qualified upper-secondary teachers in Montserrat?",
"answer": "45% - 72%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From Chart 2, the line representing Cyprus shows that government spending on secondary education as a share of GDP was consistently above the 2.5% mark for the period starting around 2001 and ending around 2015. Chart 1 provides data on the percentage of qualified teachers in Montserrat for the years 2002, 2005, and 2009, all of which fall within this timeframe. According to the chart and its corresponding table, the highest value for Montserrat during this period was 71.43% in 2002, and the lowest was 45.45% in 2009. Therefore, the range for the percentage of qualified teachers in Montserrat during the specified period is approximately 45% to 72%."
},
"128": {
"batch_id": "128",
"question": "During the years shown in the second chart where Japan's statutory corporate income tax rate was consistently above 40%, what was the approximate range of Germany's top marginal income tax rate?",
"answer": "48% - 52%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart where Japan's statutory corporate income tax rate was consistently above 40%. According to the chart and its corresponding table, this rate was 40.870% from 2000 to 2003. Next, we look at the first chart, which ends in 2002, to find the range for Germany's top marginal income tax rate during the overlapping years of 2000-2002. In the first chart, Germany's rate is shown to be just above 50% in 2000 and then drops to just below 50% for 2001 and 2002. This corresponds to a range of approximately 49% to 51%. Therefore, an estimated range of 48% to 52% covers the values for Germany's top marginal income tax rate during this period."
},
"5": {
"batch_id": "5",
"question": "During the period when Ireland's gross public sector debt as a share of GDP was consistently below 80%, what was the approximate range of Montenegro's current account balance as a share of its GDP?",
"answer": "-26% to -10%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1 is used to identify the time period when Ireland's gross public sector debt as a share of GDP was consistently below 80%. According to the chart and the supporting table, this period began in 2015 (when the value dropped to 76.65% from 104.07% in 2014) and continued through 2021. Second, this time frame (2015-2020, as that is the overlapping range in the second chart) is used to find the corresponding range for Montenegro's current account balance in Chart 2. In Chart 2, during the years 2015 to 2020, Montenegro's balance reached its highest point (least negative) at approximately -10% in 2015 and its lowest point (most negative) at about -26% in 2020. Therefore, the estimated range is -26% to -10%."
},
"126": {
"batch_id": "126",
"question": "What was the approximate range of international finance received by Vanuatu during the years when its funding was less than the minimum tax revenue percentage achieved by the United States between 2000 and 2008 (treating the percentage as a value in millions of dollars)?",
"answer": "$0 - $20,000,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Tax revenue, 2000 to 2008' chart, the minimum tax revenue for the United States was approximately 25% (specifically 24.93% in 2004). Using this value as a threshold of $25 million, we examine the 'International finance received for clean energy' chart. Vanuatu's funding remained below $25 million for the entire 2011-2021 period. During these years, its funding ranged from a minimum of $0 (in 2011 and 2016) to a maximum of $19,570,000 (in 2017), which is an approximate range of $0 to $20 million."
},
"233": {
"batch_id": "233",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the death rate from Alzheimer's per 100,000 people in Finland during the period when India's total reserves were between 10 and 13 months of imports?",
"answer": "63-66",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 2 is used to identify the time period where India's total reserves were between 10 and 13 months of imports. The chart and corresponding table show this occurred between 2002 and 2004 (with values of 10.37, 12.28, and 11.31 respectively). Next, Chart 1 is examined for this same period (2002-2004) to find the death rate from Alzheimer's in Finland. The data table for Chart 1 shows Finland's death rate was 63.870 in 2002, 64.830 in 2003, and 65.790 in 2004, establishing a range of approximately 63 to 66 deaths per 100,000 people."
},
"177": {
"batch_id": "177",
"question": "In the year that the Solomon Islands' share of GNI from poverty reduction grants reached its peak, what was the range of explicit fossil fuel subsidies as a share of GDP for Kuwait and Sudan?",
"answer": "2.29% - 8.65%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the condition from the first chart: the year when the Solomon Islands' share of GNI from poverty reduction grants reached its peak. According to the chart and the corresponding table, this peak occurred in 2013, with a value of 4.72%. Next, we use this year (2013) to find the required values in the second chart. For 2013, the second chart and its table show that Kuwait's explicit fossil fuel subsidies were 8.65% of its GDP, while Sudan's were 2.29%. Therefore, the range of these subsidies for Kuwait and Sudan in that specific year was 2.29% to 8.65%."
},
"57": {
"batch_id": "57",
"question": "During the years when the total global number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases was between 15 and 16 million, what was the approximate range of the death rate per 100,000 people in Russia?",
"answer": "830-960",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the first chart. The total number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases (the top line of the stacked area chart) was between 15 million and 16 million from 2003 to 2008. The data table confirms this, with the value being 15,206,531 in 2003 and 15,887,055 in 2008, crossing 16 million in 2009. Next, we examine the second chart for Russia's death rate during this 2003-2008 period. The highest point for Russia in this interval was in 2003, with a rate of 950.78 per 100,000 people, according to the data table. The rate then trended downwards, reaching its lowest point for the period in 2008, which is visually estimated from the chart to be approximately 830. Therefore, the estimated range for Russia's death rate during these years is 830-960."
},
"27": {
"batch_id": "27",
"question": "During the period when deaths from pneumonia in China first dropped and remained below 225,000, what was the approximate range of the completion rate for lower secondary education in Equatorial Guinea?",
"answer": "25% - 32%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart. Deaths from pneumonia in China first dropped below 225,000 in 2005, with a value of 223,285, and remained below that level for the rest of the observed period (until 2021). This establishes the timeframe of 2005-2021. Next, we look at the first chart to find the range of the completion rate for lower secondary education in Equatorial Guinea during this period. According to the chart, the rate for Equatorial Guinea in 2005 was approximately 25%. By the end of the period shown (2022), the rate had increased to just over 30%, approximately 31%. Therefore, the range of the completion rate for Equatorial Guinea during the specified timeframe is 25% to 32%."
},
"236": {
"batch_id": "236",
"question": "For the country that had the highest Rule of Law index in 2024, during what approximate range of years did its public social spending as a share of GDP rise from approximately 10% to over 25% for the first time?",
"answer": "1965-1980",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, the 'Rule of law index, 2021 to 2024' chart and its associated data table are used to identify the country with the highest index in 2024. The table shows Sweden with an index of 0.990, the highest among the listed countries. Second, using this country (Sweden), we refer to the 'Public social spending as share of GDP' chart. By visually tracing Sweden's data line (purple), we can estimate the time period for the specified rise in spending. The line crosses the 10% mark at approximately 1965 and surpasses the 25% mark for the first time around 1980. Therefore, the range of years for this increase is 1965-1980."
},
"68": {
"batch_id": "68",
"question": "What was the estimated range of agricultural producer support in Colombia during the period when Switzerland's agricultural export subsidies were continuously decreasing but remained above $50 million?",
"answer": "14% - 18%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart, 'Agricultural export subsidies', we first identify the time period where Switzerland's subsidies were continuously decreasing while remaining above the $50 million mark. This period is visually identified as starting in 2004 and ending in 2008. In 2004, the subsidy was well above $100 million, and by 2008, it was just above $50 million, before dropping below that level in subsequent years. Next, we refer to the first chart, 'Agricultural producer support', to find the range of support for Colombia within this 2004-2008 timeframe. According to the provided table data, Colombia's support was 14.2% (2004), 17.9% (2005), 15.2% (2006), 17.1% (2007), and 16.2% (2008). The minimum value in this period was 14.2% and the maximum was 17.9%, leading to an estimated range of 14% to 18%."
},
"166": {
"batch_id": "166",
"question": "If we take one-tenth of Cameroon's employment rate in food and beverage serving activities (0.8 per 1,000 people) as a threshold, during which range of years was the negative annual change in average male height for Senegal smaller in magnitude than this threshold (i.e., between 0% and -0.08%)?",
"answer": "1978-1986",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 1 shows that the employment in food and beverage serving activities per 1,000 people in Cameroon was 0.8 in 2011. The question uses this value to set a condition for Chart 2, asking for the period when the magnitude of the negative annual change in male height for Senegal was less than one-tenth of 0.8, which is 0.08. This corresponds to the value range between 0% and -0.08% on the y-axis of Chart 2. Observing the line for Senegal, it drops below 0% around 1978 and falls below -0.08% around 1986. Therefore, the estimated range of years is 1978-1986."
},
"127": {
"batch_id": "127",
"question": "During which range of years was the unemployment rate in Palestine at or above the approximate peak birth rate observed for the United States between 1950 and 1960?",
"answer": "2017-2021",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 2 is used to identify the peak birth rate for the United States between 1950 and 1960. The line for the United States reaches its highest point in this period at approximately 25 births per 1,000 people. Second, this value (25) is used as a threshold for the unemployment rate in Chart 1. The line for Palestine is observed to cross and remain at or above the 25% unemployment level starting in 2017 and continuing through the end of the depicted period in 2021. Therefore, the range of years when Palestine's unemployment was at or above the U.S. peak baby boom birth rate is 2017-2021."
},
"87": {
"batch_id": "87",
"question": "During the two-year period when tax revenues as a share of GDP for Oceania (UN) were at their lowest between 2008 and 2012, what was the approximate range of military spending as a share of GDP for Kenya?",
"answer": "1.35% - 1.40%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Tax revenues as a share of gross domestic product' chart, the lowest point for the Oceania (UN) region between 2008 and 2012 occurred in the years 2010-2011. The corresponding data table confirms these are the lowest years in that timeframe, with values of 21.12% in 2010 and 20.94% in 2011. Turning to the 'Military spending as a share of GDP' chart for this 2010-2011 period, Kenya's military spending is shown to be just below the 1.4% mark. The data table for this chart specifies the values as 1.370% in 2010 and 1.380% in 2011, which falls within the estimated range of 1.35% to 1.40%."
},
"147": {
"batch_id": "147",
"question": "During the period from 2011 to 2021, which corresponds to a phase of general decline in Norway's oil production after its peak, what was the approximate range of landline internet subscriptions per 100 people in Japan?",
"answer": "27-36",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The question requires identifying a time period from the oil production chart and then finding a corresponding value range from the landline internet subscriptions chart. Chart 2 shows that Norway's oil production peaked around the year 2000 and was in a state of general decline throughout the 2011-2021 period. Chart 1 provides data for this exact timeframe. According to the data for Japan in Chart 1, the number of landline internet subscriptions per 100 people was 27.867 in 2011. By 2021, the line for Japan on the chart reaches a value of approximately 36. Thus, the range of subscriptions for Japan during the period of Norway's oil production decline is 27-36."
},
"117": {
"batch_id": "117",
"question": "During the period from 2011 to 2021, when the estimated number of annual deaths in Africa (UN) was between 10 million and 13 million, what was the approximate range of the annual growth of exports for Finland?",
"answer": "-6% to 10%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "According to the 'Number of deaths, by world region' chart, the estimated number of deaths in Africa (UN), represented by the height of the purple area, was between approximately 10 million and 13 million during the 2011-2021 timeframe. The 'Annual growth of exports of goods and services' chart shows that within this same period, Finland's export growth reached its lowest point in 2020 at approximately -10% and its highest point in 2017 at about 10%. Therefore, the full range of Finland's export growth during the specified period is -10% to 10%."
},
"206": {
"batch_id": "206",
"question": "For the region that exhibited the lowest food loss index in 2021, what was the estimated percentage range of the population that lacked access to at least 'Basic' drinking water facilities in 2022?",
"answer": "5-7%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1 is analyzed to identify the region with the lowest food loss index in 2021. The purple line, representing 'Central and Southern Asia (UN)', is visibly the lowest on the chart for that year. The data table confirms this, showing an index of 88.70, the minimum value for 2021. Second, this region is located in Chart 2, labeled 'Central and Southern Asia (SDG)'. The question asks for the percentage of the population lacking at least 'Basic' drinking water in 2022. According to the bar chart, this region has 68% 'Safely managed' and 26% 'Basic' access, totaling 94%. Therefore, the share lacking at least basic access is 100% - 94% = 6%. Estimating from the small segments representing 'Limited', 'Unimproved', and 'No access' on the bar chart, a range of 5-7% is derived."
},
"106": {
"batch_id": "106",
"question": "What was the estimated range for the share of the population with very large health spending in Peru during the years when Germany's total healthcare spending as a share of GDP was consistently above 11%?",
"answer": "0.8% - 1.6%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From Chart 2, Germany's total healthcare spending as a share of GDP (the brown line) is shown to cross the 11% threshold around 2009 and remains above it for the rest of the charted period. This establishes the time frame of interest from 2009 onwards. To find the corresponding range in Chart 1, we examine Peru's data from 2009 to 2018 (the last year available). According to the data for Peru (the green line) in Chart 1 and its table, the share of the population with very large health spending reached a high of 1.50% in 2010 and a low of 0.88% in 2017 within this period. Therefore, the estimated range for Peru during these years is 0.8% to 1.6%."
},
"55": {
"batch_id": "55",
"question": "During the period of sustained decline in Russia's death rate from poisoning after its 2003 peak, what was the range of the death rate from unintentional poisoning in Latvia?",
"answer": "0.8 - 5.9",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The second chart shows that Russia's death rate from poisoning peaked in 2003 (at 9.37 per 100,000) and then began a sustained decline that continued through 2019. The first chart provides data for Latvia's death rate from unintentional poisoning within this 2003-2019 period. According to the corresponding table, Latvia's rate was 5.9 in 2005, 2.3 in 2010, 0.8 in 2015, and 1.2 in 2019. The minimum value in this timeframe was 0.8 and the maximum was 5.9, establishing the range."
},
"11": {
"batch_id": "11",
"question": "What was the approximate range of domestic material consumption per capita (in tonnes) for the United States during the years when Asia's (UN) domestic material consumption per GDP was consistently above 2.0 kg?",
"answer": "23 - 31.1 tonnes",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, using the 'Domestic material consumption per gross domestic product' chart, we identify the time period when Asia's (UN) consumption remained above 2.0 kg per $ of GDP. The chart shows this condition holds from the year 2000 until approximately 2013. Next, we examine the 'Domestic material consumption per capita' chart for the United States during this 2000-2013 period. According to the chart and supporting table, the highest consumption for the US was in 2000 at 31.070 tonnes. The consumption then decreased, reaching its lowest point within this timeframe around 2012-2013, at approximately 23 tonnes. Therefore, the range of consumption for the United States during the specified period is from 23 to 31.1 tonnes."
},
"113": {
"batch_id": "113",
"question": "During the period from 1970 to 1990, when Ethiopia experienced a consistent increase in its number of infant deaths, what was the corresponding range of infant deaths in Malawi?",
"answer": "39,000-60,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the specified time period by observing the trend in Chart 2. From 1970 to 1990, the line for Ethiopia shows a consistent increase in the number of infant deaths, rising from approximately 191,000 (confirmed as 191,139 in the table for 1970) to over 300,000. Next, we examine Chart 1 for the same period (1970-1990). The line for Malawi starts at just under 40,000 deaths in 1970 (the table shows 39,676) and increases to its peak of nearly 60,000 deaths around 1991. Therefore, the range of infant deaths for Malawi during the 1970-1990 period is approximately 39,000 to 60,000."
},
"46": {
"batch_id": "46",
"question": "During the approximate year that the population growth rate for 'More developed regions' first fell below 0%, what was the estimated range of the annual growth of GDP per employed person for the countries shown in the first chart that had positive growth?",
"answer": "0.7% - 9%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Population growth rate by level of development' chart, the line representing 'More developed regions' is shown to cross below the 0% growth rate mark around the year 2021. The first chart, 'Annual growth of GDP per employed person, 2021', provides data specifically for that year. To find the range for countries with positive growth, we identify the minimum and maximum positive values shown. Laos has the lowest positive growth at 0.7%, and Montenegro has the highest at 9%. Therefore, the estimated range is 0.7% to 9%."
},
"176": {
"batch_id": "176",
"question": "What was the estimated range of Iceland's glass recycling rate during the years its Palma ratio was 2.0 or higher?",
"answer": "84-90%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "According to Chart 2, Iceland's Palma ratio first rose to 2.0 or higher in 2002 (with a value of 2.044) and remained in that range until 2006 (value of 2.370). The overlapping period available in Chart 1 is from 2002 to 2005. During this time frame, Iceland's glass recycling rate, as estimated visually from Chart 1, reached a minimum of approximately 84% in 2003 and a maximum of approximately 90% in 2004. Therefore, the estimated range is 84-90%."
},
"114": {
"batch_id": "114",
"question": "During the years when Saint Lucia's share of exported deforestation was consistently above 15%, what was the approximate range of armed forces personnel as a share of the total population for Japan?",
"answer": "0.18% - 0.20%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Share of deforestation that is exported' chart and its corresponding table, the value for Saint Lucia was consistently above 15% from 2007 to 2009 (46.77%, 25.36%, and 16.62% respectively), dropping below 15% in 2010. In the 'Armed forces personnel' chart, during this same period of 2007-2009, the line for Japan is visually very stable and low. Referencing the provided data for Japan in the early 1990s (which ranges from 0.186% to 0.202%) and observing the flat trend line continuing through 2009, the estimated range for its armed forces personnel as a share of the population is between 0.18% and 0.20%."
},
"129": {
"batch_id": "129",
"question": "In 1996, when Sudan's fertility rate was approximately 5.8 live births per woman, what was the estimated range for the sex gap in life expectancy in the United Kingdom across the age groups from 10 to 45?",
"answer": "4.2–5.0 years",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the data point for Sudan in 1996 indicates a fertility rate of approximately 5.8 live births per woman. The provided table confirms this, listing Sudan's fertility rate as 5.792 in 1996. Using this specific year, we examine the second chart, which shows the sex gap in life expectancy in the United Kingdom. In 1996, the range of values for the specified age groups (10, 15, 25, and 45) can be estimated. The lowest value in this group is for 'Age 45' (red line), which is visually estimated at about 4.2 years. The highest value is for 'Age 10' (light blue line), which is at approximately 5.0 years. The other relevant lines ('Age 15' and 'Age 25') fall within this interval. Thus, the estimated range for the sex gap in life expectancy across these age groups in 1996 is 4.2 to 5.0 years."
},
"189": {
"batch_id": "189",
"question": "During the years when Russia's death rate from amphetamine use disorders was at its peak, what was the approximate range for the share of the population using safely managed sanitation facilities in lower-middle-income countries?",
"answer": "23% - 27%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the death rate from amphetamine use disorders in Russia reached its peak between 2005 and 2007. The data table confirms this, showing the rate was 0.500 per 100,000 in 2005, peaked at 0.530 in 2006, and was 0.520 in 2007. The second chart shows the share of the population using safely managed sanitation facilities for different income groups. During the same period (2005-2007), the data for 'Lower-middle-income countries' shows a range from 23.938% in 2005 to 26.684% in 2007. Therefore, the estimated range is 23% to 27%."
},
"170": {
"batch_id": "170",
"question": "During the period when the share of forest area within protected areas in Montserrat remained constant, what was the estimated range for the number of local guests in hotels in Australia?",
"answer": "26,000,000 - 36,000,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "According to the 'Share of forest area within protected areas' chart, the share for Montserrat remained constant at approximately 46.4% from 2010 to 2017 (the last year available in the other chart). During this same period (2010-2017), the 'Local guests in hotels' chart and corresponding table show that the number of guests in Australia ranged from a low of 26,628,000 in 2010 to a high of 35,251,000 in 2017. This gives an estimated range of 26,000,000 to 36,000,000."
},
"181": {
"batch_id": "181",
"question": "What was the range of Spain's electronic waste recycling rate during the period that Botswana's share of one-person households increased from 23.279% to 27.891%?",
"answer": "65.7% - 80.3%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart and its table, Botswana's share of one-person households increased from 23.279% in 2001 to 27.891% in 2011. This defines the period from 2001 to 2011. The second chart provides data on Spain's electronic waste recycling rate for a portion of this period, from 2006 to 2011. Within these years, Spain's rate reached a minimum of 65.7% in 2009 and a maximum of 80.3% in 2011. Therefore, the range for Spain's recycling rate during the available overlapping years is 65.7% to 80.3%."
},
"173": {
"batch_id": "173",
"question": "During the years after 2010 when the share of municipal water in Belarus's total water withdrawals was between 35% and 40%, what was the corresponding range of municipal waste recycled by Hungary in tonnes?",
"answer": "838,000 - 1,159,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From Chart 1, the share of municipal water for Belarus is visually observed to be between 35% and 40% during the period from 2011 to 2014. During this same time frame, Chart 2 and its corresponding data table show that the amount of municipal waste recycled by Hungary varied. The lowest value within this period was 838,000 tonnes in 2011, and the highest value was 1,159,000 tonnes in 2014. Therefore, the resulting range is 838,000 - 1,159,000 tonnes."
},
"243": {
"batch_id": "243",
"question": "Considering the period between 2015 and 2017, when the cumulative area burnt by wildfires at week 30 showed a consistent year-over-year increase, what was the estimated range of pea production for China?",
"answer": "1,250,000 to 1,550,000 tonnes",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a derivative trend is identified from the wildfire chart (Chart 2). By examining the cumulative area burnt at 'Week of the year' 30 for consecutive years, we observe a consistent increase from 2015 (approximately 180 million ha) to 2016 (approximately 200 million ha) and to 2017 (approximately 280 million ha). This establishes the relevant time frame as 2015-2017. Next, we use this time frame to query the pea production chart (Chart 1). For the years 2015, 2016, and 2017, China's pea production (the red line) is visually estimated. The production level remains relatively stable and high during this period, fluctuating between the 1 million and 1.5 million tonne grid lines. A reasonable estimated range for China's production during these three years is 1,250,000 to 1,450,000 tonnes."
},
"98": {
"batch_id": "98",
"question": "What was the estimated range for the share of children fully vaccinated against measles in Indonesia during the period when the annual number of new HIV infections in children in Kenya remained consistently below 20,000?",
"answer": "25% - 80%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the annual number of new HIV infections in children in Kenya dropped below 20,000 around the year 2008 and remained below this level through 2019. The second chart shows the share of children vaccinated against measles in Indonesia for a portion of this period (up to 2017). Within the 2008-2017 timeframe, Indonesia's vaccination rate reached a low point of approximately 28% around 2014 and a high point of approximately 78% around 2011. Therefore, the estimated range for this period is 25% to 80%."
},
"237": {
"batch_id": "237",
"question": "During the period when Japan's landline internet subscriptions grew from under 1 million to over 10 million, what was the estimated range of daily cigarette sales per adult in Portugal?",
"answer": "4-6 cigarettes",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The second chart shows that Japan's landline internet subscriptions grew from under 1 million to over 10 million between the years 2000 and 2003. The corresponding data table confirms this, with subscriptions at 855,000 in 2000 and 14,900,000 in 2003. Using this time frame (2000-2003), we can examine the first chart for Portugal's cigarette sales. During this period, Portugal's daily sales per adult were 4.9 cigarettes in 2000, 4.9 in 2001, 4.6 in 2002, and 4.3 in 2003. This establishes a value range of 4.3 to 4.9 cigarettes."
},
"136": {
"batch_id": "136",
"question": "During which range of years was the stunting prevalence in Kenya lower than the share of working children not attending school in Yemen in 2010?",
"answer": "2008-2024",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the share of working children in Yemen who do not attend school in 2010 was 35.97%. The second chart shows the stunting prevalence in Kenya over time. According to the data for the second chart, Kenya's stunting rate was 36.4% in 2007 and dropped to 35.4% in 2008, falling below the 35.97% threshold from Yemen. Since Kenya's stunting rate continued to decline through the end of the period shown (2024), the range of years when its rate was lower than Yemen's 2010 rate is 2008 to 2024."
},
"32": {
"batch_id": "32",
"question": "For the country in the first chart whose share of women smokers in 2000 was closest to Mexico's 3% share of population with severe food insecurity in 2022, what was the approximate range of its smoking share between 2000 and 2010?",
"answer": "2.2% - 3.2%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart, the share of the population with severe food insecurity in Mexico in 2022 is 3%. This value is used as a benchmark to identify a country in the first chart. In 2000, the country with the share of women smokers closest to 3% was Thailand, with a rate of 3.2%. The question then asks for the range of this share for Thailand between 2000 and 2010. According to the first chart and its data table, the share for Thailand was 3.2% in 2000 and decreased to 2.2% by 2010. Therefore, the range is 2.2% to 3.2%."
},
"56": {
"batch_id": "56",
"question": "What was the approximate range of the suicide rate in Moldova during the years when the death rate from road injuries in the Dominican Republic was above 25 per 100,000 people?",
"answer": "10.5-14.5",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the relevant time period from the second chart, 'Death rate from road injuries, 2000 to 2021'. The death rate for the Dominican Republic is visually above the line for 25 deaths per 100,000 people for the years 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016. Next, we examine the first chart, 'Suicide rate, 2009 to 2019', for this specific period (2013-2016). In 2013, Moldova's suicide rate was approximately 13. It reached a peak for this period in 2014 at about 14.5, and then dropped to its lowest point in 2016 at approximately 10.5. Therefore, the estimated range for Moldova's suicide rate during these years is 10.5 to 14.5 per 100,000 people."
},
"224": {
"batch_id": "224",
"question": "Using the total cost in US dollars for \"OPV + IPV (3rd RI dose), fractional with needle\" as a count of countries, determine the approximate year range when at least that many countries shown in the second chart had annual working hours below 1,650.",
"answer": "1990–2017",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 1 shows that the total cost for the \"OPV + IPV (3rd RI dose), fractional with needle\" vaccine is $3.0. This value is used as the required number of countries, which is 3. Chart 2 displays the annual working hours for several countries. We need to find the period when at least 3 of these countries had working hours below 1,650 hours. Tracing the 1,650-hour line on Chart 2, Sweden's working hours dropped below this level around 1972, Belgium's around 1983, and Germany's around 1990. As of 1990, three countries (Sweden, Belgium, and Germany) had working hours below 1,650. This condition of \"at least 3 countries\" persists until the end of the data series in 2017. Therefore, the estimated year range is 1990–2017."
},
"182": {
"batch_id": "182",
"question": "During the years when the daily smoking prevalence in Uruguay was between 22% and 25%, what was the corresponding range of total official development assistance for biodiversity received by Botswana?",
"answer": "$10,000 - $1,400,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Share of people who smoke every day' chart (Chart 2). The daily smoking prevalence for Uruguay fell into the 22% to 25% range between the years 2005 and 2010. Next, we use this time period (2005-2010) to find the range of donations for Botswana in the 'Total donations received for biodiversity conservation' chart (Chart 1). According to the data table for Chart 1, Botswana's recorded donations during this period were $200,000 (2006), $1,310,000 (2007), $10,000 (2009), and $210,000 (2010). The minimum of these values is $10,000 and the maximum is $1,310,000, establishing the answer range of $10,000 to $1,400,000."
},
"51": {
"batch_id": "51",
"question": "During the years when India's share of manufactures in total merchandise exports was consistently above 70% at the beginning of the 21st century (2000-2005), what was the range for the share of food products in Niger's total merchandise exports?",
"answer": "28% - 47%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, using the 'Share of manufactures in total merchandise exports' chart, we identify the time period when India's share was consistently above 70%. This period is from 2000 to 2005. The data table confirms this, showing values like 77.73% in 2000 and 70.62% in 2005. Second, we use this time frame (2000-2005) to find the corresponding range for Niger's share of food products in total merchandise exports from the first chart. In this period, Niger's share reached a maximum of 46.3% in 2001 (from the table) and a minimum visually estimated from the chart at around 21% in 2004, resulting in a range of 21% to 47%."
},
"184": {
"batch_id": "184",
"question": "What was the estimated range of new HIV infections per 1,000 people in Kenya during the years when international business trips to Turkey remained above 2.3 million?",
"answer": "1.5-2.6",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, using the second chart, we identify the time period when international business trips to Turkey were consistently above 2.3 million. The data table and chart show this period is from 2011 to 2015, with values ranging from 2,356,400 to 2,523,000. In 2016, the number dropped significantly to 1,911,700. Second, we use this time frame (2011-2015) to find the corresponding range of HIV incidence in Kenya from the first chart. In 2011, Kenya's incidence rate was 2.534 per 1,000 people. By 2015, the rate had decreased to approximately 1.5 per 1,000 people, as shown on the chart's grid line. Therefore, the range of new HIV infections in Kenya during that period was approximately 1.5 to 2.6 per 1,000 people."
},
"48": {
"batch_id": "48",
"question": "During the period from 2018 to 2019, when Chart 2 shows an increasing trend in Lithuania's flu vaccination coverage for the over-65's, what was the estimated range of flu vaccination coverage for the target elderly population in Bolivia according to Chart 1?",
"answer": "72-75%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that between 2018 and 2019, the flu vaccination coverage for people over 65 in Lithuania was on an increasing trend, rising from approximately 15% to over 20% (the table confirms a value of 14.8% for 2018). During this same period (2018-2019), Chart 1 displays the flu vaccination coverage for the target elderly population in Bolivia. According to the data for Chart 1, Bolivia's coverage was 72% in 2018 and increased to 75% in 2019. Therefore, the range for Bolivia's coverage during the specified period is 72-75%."
},
"174": {
"batch_id": "174",
"question": "Estimate the range for the adequacy of social safety net programs in Turkey during the years when Yemen's ratio of female to male labor force participation was below 10%.",
"answer": "6.4% - 9.5%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1 is used to identify the time period when Yemen's ratio of female to male labor force participation fell below 10%. Visually, the line for Yemen crosses the 10% threshold around 2015 and remains below it until 2022. This establishes the relevant time frame as 2015-2022. Second, this time frame is applied to Chart 2, which shows data until 2019. We examine the adequacy of social safety net programs for Turkey between 2015 and 2019. According to the data table for Chart 2, Turkey's values during this period were: 6.704% (2015), 6.507% (2016), 6.876% (2017), 6.459% (2018), and 9.406% (2019). The minimum value was approximately 6.4% (in 2018) and the maximum was approximately 9.5% (in 2019), defining the answer range."
},
"95": {
"batch_id": "95",
"question": "During which year range did Bahrain's passenger-kilometers by air (in billions) pass through the range of values recorded for Australia's road accident deaths per billion passenger kilometers from 2013 to 2014?",
"answer": "2020-2021",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the measurable condition from the second chart: the range of road accident deaths per billion passenger kilometers for Australia between 2013 and 2014. According to the chart and its data table, this value was 4.040 in 2013 and 3.864 in 2014, establishing a numeric range of approximately 3.86 to 4.04. Next, we apply this numeric range to the first chart, looking for the time period when Bahrain's passenger-kilometers by air (measured in billions) fell within this range. The data for Bahrain shows its passenger-kilometers were 3.37 billion in 2020 (below the range) and 4.11 billion in 2021 (above the range). Therefore, the value must have passed through the 3.86-4.04 billion range between the years 2020 and 2021."
},
"72": {
"batch_id": "72",
"question": "During the period from when the number of people employed in services in the United States first exceeded 80 million until 2015, what was the approximate range for the adequacy of unemployment benefits in Uruguay?",
"answer": "21% to 27%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart. The number of 'People employed in services' in the United States surpassed 80 million around the year 2000 and the data in that chart extends to 2015. The first chart, showing unemployment benefits, covers the years 2005 to 2020. The overlapping period of analysis is therefore 2005 to 2015. Next, we examine the data for Uruguay in the first chart within this timeframe. According to the chart and the provided table, Uruguay's adequacy of unemployment benefits reached a low of 21.67% in 2012 and a high of 26.363% in 2015. This gives an approximate range of 21% to 27%."
},
"175": {
"batch_id": "175",
"question": "Italy's happiness inequality peaked at approximately 2.11 in 1999. What was the approximate range of the industry employment share for El Salvador, whose share remained close to a numerically similar value throughout the 2007-2017 period?",
"answer": "21% - 23%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that Italy's happiness inequality, measured as the standard deviation of life satisfaction, reached a peak value of 2.112 in 1999. This numeric value is used as a condition. In Chart 1, El Salvador's share of industry jobs consistently hovers around a numerically similar value throughout the 2007-2017 period. Visually inspecting El Salvador's line on Chart 1, its share starts around 21.5% in 2007, rises to a peak of approximately 22.5% around 2015, and ends near 22% in 2017. Therefore, the estimated range for El Salvador's industry employment share across this period is 21% to 23%."
},
"140": {
"batch_id": "140",
"question": "What was the approximate range of education spending as a share of total government spending for Mexico during the period when Botswana's annual growth in government consumption spending was negative?",
"answer": "20.8% - 22.0%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart, \"Annual growth in government consumption spending, 2002 to 2008\". The line for Botswana drops below the 0% mark for the years 2005 and 2006. The corresponding table confirms this with growth rates of -6.32% in 2005 and -3.96% in 2006. Next, we use this time period (2005-2006) to find the range of values in the first chart, \"Education spending as share of total government spending, 2001 to 2011\". For Mexico, the data table shows that the spending was 21.904% in 2005 and 20.824% in 2006. Therefore, the range of Mexico's education spending during the period of Botswana's negative government consumption growth was approximately 20.8% to 22.0%."
},
"16": {
"batch_id": "16",
"question": "What was the approximate range of pharmacists per 10,000 population in the United Arab Emirates during the years when India's armed forces personnel were greater than China's?",
"answer": "8.0 - 13",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Armed forces personnel' chart, India's personnel count (green line) surpassed China's (red line) starting around 2017 and continued to be higher through 2020. This defines the time period of interest as 2017-2020. In the 'Pharmacists per 10,000 population' chart, during this same period, the value for the United Arab Emirates started at approximately 9.3 in 2017 and rose to a peak of about 13.3 in 2020. The provided table confirms a value of 12.840 for the UAE in 2019, which falls within this visually estimated range. Therefore, the approximate range of pharmacists per 10,000 in the UAE from 2017 to 2020 is 9.0 to 13.5."
},
"139": {
"batch_id": "139",
"question": "What was the approximate range of reported cholera cases for Zimbabwe during the years when its case count was between 10 and 100 times the number of its reported rabies deaths in 2013?",
"answer": "144-615",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that Zimbabwe had 7 reported deaths from rabies in 2013. The question requires finding the range of Zimbabwe's cholera cases from Chart 1 during the years when its case count was between 10 * 7 = 70 and 100 * 7 = 700. According to Chart 1 and its corresponding table, the years meeting this condition are 1975 (615 cases) and 1976 (144 cases). The value for 1977 is also visibly within this range on the chart. The minimum value in this period is 144 and the maximum is 615, resulting in a range of 144-615."
},
"43": {
"batch_id": "43",
"question": "For the years when China's coal production per capita exceeded 10 MWh, what was the corresponding range of China's cropland per person in hectares?",
"answer": "0.09 - 0.12 hectares",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Coal production per capita' chart. China's coal production per capita (the dark blue line) exceeded 10 MWh starting in 2005 (10.13 MWh according to the table) and remained above that level through 2016. This establishes the relevant time frame as 2005-2016. Next, we examine the 'Cropland per person' chart for China's data within this period. The light blue line for China shows a steady decline. By visually estimating from the y-axis, the value in 2005 is approximately 0.11-0.12 hectares, and it drops to about 0.09-0.10 hectares by 2016. Therefore, the range of cropland per person for China during these years is 0.09 to 0.12 hectares."
},
"107": {
"batch_id": "107",
"question": "Using the value for Iceland's sustainable fisheries as a proportion of GDP in 2019 as a threshold, during what range of years did Canada's share of GDP from tourism remain below this level?",
"answer": "2008-2014",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the value for Iceland's sustainable fisheries as a proportion of GDP in 2019 is 2.0%. This value is used as a threshold for the second chart. In the second chart, we examine the trend for Canada's share of GDP from tourism. According to the chart and the provided data, Canada's share was 1.911% in 2008, fluctuated slightly, and was 1.886% in 2014. In 2015, the value rose to 2.023%, which is above the 2.0% threshold. Therefore, the range of years where Canada's share of GDP from tourism remained below Iceland's 2019 level is 2008-2014."
},
"15": {
"batch_id": "15",
"question": "During which range of years was the share of agriculture in total employment in Kenya comparable to the range of the share of women landowners in Ethiopia between 2014 and 2019?",
"answer": "2008-2010",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that the share of women landowners in Ethiopia between 2014 and 2019 ranged from 49.0% to 51.4%. To find the corresponding period in Chart 1 for Kenya, we look for the years when its share of agriculture in total employment fell within this numeric range. According to the data for Chart 1, Kenya's employment share was 51.1% in 2008, 50.0% in 2009, and 49.1% in 2010, all of which are within the 49.0%-51.4% range. The value for 2007 was 52.3% (too high) and for 2011 was 48.2% (too low), defining the period as 2008-2010."
},
"24": {
"batch_id": "24",
"question": "During the period from 2010 to 2014, when the share of global services exports from Northern America (UN) was generally decreasing, what was the approximate range for the share of services in Israel's total exports?",
"answer": "31% to 38%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The question identifies a period of decline for a specific entity in the second chart and asks for a value range for a different entity from the first chart within that same timeframe. According to Chart 2, the share of global services exports from 'Northern America (UN)' shows a general decreasing trend between 2010 and 2014. To find the answer, we examine Chart 1 for Israel's performance during these years. The corresponding data table shows Israel's share of services in total exports was 31.09% in 2010, and it increased to 36.37% by 2013. The visual trend in the chart shows this increase continued into 2014, reaching approximately 37.5%. Thus, the range for Israel's share during the 2010-2014 period is from the minimum of about 31% to the maximum of about 38%."
},
"96": {
"batch_id": "96",
"question": "During the years when the prevalence of obesity in adults in the Americas (WHO) region increased from approximately 20% to 25%, what was the corresponding range of the share of women using contraceptives in Ethiopia?",
"answer": "8% - 25%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Prevalence of obesity in adults' chart, the obesity rate in the Americas (WHO) region was approximately 20% in 2000 (20.177% in the table) and increased to cross the 25% mark around the year 2009. This defines the period of interest as 2000-2009. Turning to the 'Share of women using contraceptives' chart, during this same period, the rate for Ethiopia began at 8.1% in 2000 (as per the table and chart). The trend line for Ethiopia shows a steady increase, passing 14.7% in 2005 and visually reaching a point between 20% and 25% by 2009. Therefore, the estimated range for contraceptive use in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2009 is 8% to 25%."
},
"111": {
"batch_id": "111",
"question": "What was the approximate range of Colombia's net energy exports as a percentage of its energy use during the years when China's value of exported goods as a share of GDP was declining from its 21st-century peak?",
"answer": "-295% to -206%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that China's 'Value of exported goods as a share of GDP' peaked in the 21st century around 2007 and then entered a period of decline that continued until 2014. This trend defines the relevant time frame as 2007-2014. In Chart 1, during this same period, we examine the line for Colombia. According to the chart and supporting data, Colombia's net energy exports were at their highest point (least negative value) in this range in 2007, at -206.034%. The value reached its lowest point (most negative value, indicating peak exports) around 2012, visually estimated from the chart at approximately -295%. Therefore, the full range for Colombia's net energy exports during this period is -295% to -206%."
},
"130": {
"batch_id": "130",
"question": "During the years when the United Arab Emirates' value of exported goods and services was between $150 billion and $250 billion, what was the approximate range of China's external balance on goods and services as a percentage of GDP?",
"answer": "2% to 9%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the relevant time period from Chart 1. The United Arab Emirates' value of exported goods and services first exceeded $150 billion in 2004 (as confirmed by the table value of $150.7 billion). The value remained below $250 billion through 2009, as the value in 2008 was $229.3 billion and the chart shows a dip in 2009 before rising above $250 billion in 2010. This establishes the period of interest as 2004-2009. Next, we examine Chart 2 for this period. We look at the line for China from 2004 to 2009. The lowest value in this timeframe is at the beginning, in 2004, at approximately 2-3%. The value then rises to a peak around 2007, reaching approximately 8.5-9%. Therefore, the full range of China's external balance as a percentage of GDP during this period was approximately 2% to 9%."
},
"67": {
"batch_id": "67",
"question": "During the years when Thailand's death rate from infectious and parasitic diseases was greater than 70 per 100,000 people, what was the estimated range of the death rate from chronic respiratory diseases in Brunei?",
"answer": "45-75",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Infectious and parasitic diseases death rate' chart (Chart 1) where Thailand's death rate exceeded 70 per 100,000 people. According to the chart's line for Thailand and the supporting data table, this occurred between 2002 and 2004 (2002: 73.726, 2003: 81.157, 2004: 71.096). Next, we use this time frame (2002-2004) to find the corresponding range for Brunei's death rate from chronic respiratory diseases in the second chart (Chart 2). By visually inspecting Brunei's data line in Chart 2 for this period, the highest value is approximately 75 in 2002, and the lowest value is approximately 45 in 2004. Therefore, the estimated range is 45-75 per 100,000 people."
},
"23": {
"batch_id": "23",
"question": "During the years when Kyrgyzstan's pre-primary net enrolment rate remained below 50%, what was the approximate range of Germany's unemployment rate?",
"answer": "7.5% - 11%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on Chart 1, Kyrgyzstan's pre-primary net enrolment rate started at approximately 42% in 2000 (the table confirms 41.89%) and remained below the 50% level until approximately 2008. This establishes the relevant time period as 2000-2008. Examining Chart 2 for this same period, Germany's unemployment rate reached its maximum around 2005 at approximately 11% and its minimum at the end of the period in 2008 at about 7.5%. Therefore, the range of Germany's unemployment rate during these years was 7.5% to 11%."
},
"220": {
"batch_id": "220",
"question": "For the continents containing the countries shown in the first chart whose average PM2.5 exposure was consistently between the WHO's Interim Target-4 (10 µg/m³) and Interim Target-3 (15 µg/m³) from 2010 to 2019, what is the range of estimated annual child deaths averted by pneumococcal vaccination?",
"answer": "4,860 - 275,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the first chart and its accompanying text, the WHO Interim Target-4 is 10 µg/m³ and Interim Target-3 is 15 µg/m³. The countries whose PM2.5 levels consistently fall within this range (10-15 µg/m³) for the period 2010-2019 are the United Kingdom, Brazil, and Kenya. These countries belong to the continents of Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Africa, respectively. According to the second chart, the estimated annual child deaths averted for these continents are 4,860 (Europe), 10,800 (Latin America and the Caribbean), and 275,000 (Africa). The range, from the minimum to the maximum of these values, is therefore 4,860 to 275,000."
},
"141": {
"batch_id": "141",
"question": "During the period from 2015 to 2018, when Vanuatu's external debt as a share of GNI was steadily increasing, what was the range of remittance costs as a proportion of the amount remitted from New Zealand?",
"answer": "8.28% - 9.18%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart, 'External debt as a share of gross national income', Vanuatu's external debt shows a steady increasing trend from 2015 to 2018. The data table confirms this increase from 34.52% in 2015 to 36.75% in 2016, with the visual trend on the chart continuing upwards through 2018. In the first chart, 'Remittance costs as a proportion of the amount remitted', we examine the costs for New Zealand during this same 2015-2018 period. The corresponding data table shows the values for New Zealand were 8.32% in 2015, 9.18% in 2017, and 8.28% in 2018. The minimum and maximum values within this timeframe define the range of 8.28% to 9.18%."
},
"241": {
"error": "parse_failed",
"raw": "{\"id\":\"241\",\"status\":\"Bad Request: {\\\"error\\\": {\\\"code\\\": 400, \\\"message\\\": \\\"Unable to submit request because it has a maxOutputTokens value of -97 but the supported range is from 1 (inclusive) to 65537 (exclusive). Update the value and try again.\\\", \\\"status\\\": \\\"INVALID_ARGUMENT\\\"}}\",\"processed_time\":\"2025-07-18T03:29:48.035+00:00\",\"request\":{\"contents\":[{\"parts\":[{\"fileData\":{\"fileUri\":\"gs://type3_multichart/images/images/241_0.png\",\"mimeType\":\"image/png\"},\"text\":null},{\"fileData\":{\"fileUri\":\"gs://type3_multichart/images/images/241_1.png\",\"mimeType\":\"image/png\"},\"text\":null},{\"fileData\":null,\"text\":\"1. Task\\nYou are given two chart images along with their corresponding tabular data.\\nYour task is to analyze the textual content visible in both images and relate it to the values or trends in the provided tables.\\nYou must then generate exactly 1 complex question and answer that falls into the following category:\\n\\nReasoning with Range Estimation: Estimate a numeric or temporal range by combining one measurable value or condition from each chart through comparative reasoning.\\n\\n2. Input Data\\n2.1 Image IDs:\\nChart 1: 241_0.png\\nChart 2: 241_1.png\\n\\n2.2 Tables Corresponding to the Above Charts:\\nTable used to generate <chart1_image>:\\nEntity Year Mean (2017 prices) - Income or consumption consolidated1039522-annotations\\nUnited States 1963 35.807 nan \\nSouth Korea 2006 35.735 nan \\nSpain 1980 21.008 nan \\nWorld 1990 11.551 nan \\nChina 1981 1.179 nan \\nMauritania 1987 3.446 nan \\nGhana 1987 2.337 nan \\nIndia 1977 2.234 nan \\nEthiopia 1995 2.379 nan \\nDemocratic Republic of Congo2004 1.008 nan \\nCongo 2005 3.390 nan \\nUnited States 1964 38.027 nan \\nSouth Korea 2008 36.930 nan \\nSpain 1985 20.647 nan \\nWorld 1991 11.470 nan \\nChina 1984 1.565 nan \\nMauritania 1993 3.964 nan \\nGhana 1988 2.399 nan \\nIndia 1983 2.417 nan \\nEthiopia 1999 2.339 nan \\nDemocratic Republic of Congo2012 2.031 nan \\nCongo 2011 4.592 nan \\nUnited States 1965 39.960 nan \\nSouth Korea 2010 37.441 nan \\nSpain 1990 26.671 nan \\nWorld 1992 11.407 nan \\nChina 1987 1.921 nan \\nMauritania 1995 4.554 nan \\nGhana 1991 2.231 nan \\nIndia 1987 2.655 nan \\nUnited States 1977 51.251 nan \\nUnited States 1980 50.533 nan \\nUnited States 1981 49.627 nan \\nUnited States 1983 52.087 nan \\nUnited States 1984 54.168 nan \\nUnited States 1985 55.237 nan \\nUnited States 1987 58.577 nan \\nUnited States 1988 59.536 nan \\nUnited States 1990 58.869 nan \\nChina 1990 1.899 nan \\nUnited States 1991 58.242 nan \\nUnited States 1992 58.258 nan \\nUnited States 1993 59.462 nan \\nChina 1993 2.143 nan \\nUnited States 1995 61.424 nan \\nUnited States 1999 67.543 nan \\nUnited States 2004 69.187 nan \\nUnited States 2005 70.640 nan \\nUnited States 2006 71.837 nan \\nWorld 2006 14.157 nan \\nUnited States 2008 69.422 nan \\nMauritania 2008 5.763 nan \\nUnited States 2010 68.581 nan \\nEthiopia 2010 3.383 nan \\nUnited States 2011 69.408 nan \\nIndia 2011 4.022 nan \\nUnited States 2012 69.664 nan \\nTable used to generate <chart2_image>:\\nEntity Year Population - Sex: all - Age: all - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: all - Variant: mediumPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 65+ - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 65+ - Variant: mediumPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 25-64 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 25-64 - Variant: mediumPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 0-24 - Variant: mediumPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 0-24 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 0-14 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 0-14 - Variant: mediumPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 0-4 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 0-4 - Variant: medium\\nWorld 1950 2493092801.000nan 126304079.000nan 1042159233.000nan nan 1324614896.000867732393.000nan 343353095.000nan \\nWorld 1951 2536926981.000nan 127874057.000nan 1059306933.000nan nan 1349731035.000887027423.000nan 357004118.000nan \\nWorld 1952 2584086282.000nan 129789920.000nan 1077187083.000nan nan 1377093868.000908405822.000nan 369808783.000nan \\nWorld 1953 2634106196.000nan 132153401.000nan 1096035616.000nan nan 1405901747.000931753367.000nan 382937200.000nan \\nWorld 1954 2685894824.000nan 134605044.000nan 1115476200.000nan nan 1435798620.000956729574.000nan 394915591.000nan \\nWorld 1955 2740213742.000nan 136880351.000nan 1135578051.000nan nan 1467741035.000983973012.000nan 405901514.000nan \\nWorld 1956 2795409946.000nan 139124988.000nan 1155761734.000nan nan 1500508950.0001011888692.000nan 415775927.000nan \\nWorld 1957 2852618291.000nan 141568304.000nan 1175591966.000nan nan 1535443591.0001042438588.000nan 425253342.000nan \\nWorld 1958 2911249598.000nan 144363538.000nan 1195306099.000nan nan 1571565925.0001074936309.000nan 433848458.000nan \\nWorld 1959 2965950296.000nan 147197366.000nan 1214751290.000nan nan 1603988059.0001103604025.000nan 437784209.000nan \\nWorld 1960 3015470858.000nan 149860337.000nan 1233928623.000nan nan 1631668379.0001127544524.000nan 436596450.000nan \\nWorld 1961 3064869609.000nan 152850007.000nan 1253708594.000nan nan 1658297137.0001148386821.000nan 434964716.000nan \\nWorld 1962 3123374259.000nan 156395564.000nan 1274900528.000nan nan 1692063791.0001173295680.000nan 438972639.000nan \\nWorld 1963 3192807773.000nan 160302478.000nan 1296562648.000nan nan 1735927818.0001206503264.000nan 452062209.000nan \\nWorld 1964 3264487295.000nan 164451901.000nan 1317979464.000nan nan 1782040403.0001239592891.000nan 469172201.000nan \\nWorld 1965 3334533671.000nan 169108142.000nan 1338894049.000nan nan 1826515158.0001268384929.000nan 485583201.000nan \\nWorld 1966 3404041061.000nan 174013781.000nan 1359285297.000nan nan 1870724997.0001295130165.000nan 501321122.000nan \\nWorld 1967 3473412825.000nan 179017528.000nan 1379099968.000nan nan 1915277375.0001319254571.000nan 511678302.000nan \\nWorld 1968 3545187204.000nan 184229583.000nan 1398152443.000nan nan 1962786172.0001343769017.000nan 515962921.000nan \\nWorld 1969 3619491543.000nan 189539707.000nan 1417310740.000nan nan 2012621132.0001369478321.000nan 520507779.000nan \\nWorld 1970 3694683753.000nan 195016690.000nan 1437190857.000nan nan 2062454956.0001393771007.000nan 526956395.000nan \\nWorld 1971 3769847803.000nan 200588276.000nan 1459336598.000nan nan 2109900169.0001417853553.000nan 534032668.000nan \\nWorld 1972 3844917635.000nan 206390731.000nan 1484884093.000nan nan 2153618405.0001440422383.000nan 541213950.000nan \\nWorld 1973 3920804971.000nan 212422877.000nan 1512563510.000nan nan 2195792425.0001462497819.000nan 546365036.000nan \\nWorld 1974 3996416050.000nan 218717944.000nan 1542270532.000nan nan 2235399578.0001486019586.000nan 548583585.000nan \\nWorld 1975 4070735208.000nan 225166595.000nan 1574702688.000nan nan 2270835661.0001508916500.000nan 548458068.000nan \\nWorld 1976 4144246343.000nan 231559930.000nan 1608826048.000nan nan 2303827690.0001530800938.000nan 547089106.000nan \\nWorld 1977 4217863768.000nan 238154882.000nan 1645110337.000nan nan 2334563487.0001547645696.000nan 545866896.000nan \\nWorld 1978 4292097452.000nan 245024602.000nan 1683215566.000nan nan 2363819625.0001556720359.000nan 545028771.000nan \\nWorld 1979 4368539442.000nan 252002977.000nan 1722489590.000nan nan 2394006660.0001565820899.000nan 546646552.000nan \\nWorld 1950 2493092801.000nan 126304079.000nan 1042159233.000nan nan 1324614896.000867732393.000nan 343353095.000nan \\nWorld 1950 2493092801.000nan 126304079.000nan 1042159233.000nan nan 1324614896.000867732393.000nan 343353095.000nan \\nWorld 1951 2536926981.000nan 127874057.000nan 1059306933.000nan nan 1349731035.000887027423.000nan 357004118.000nan \\nWorld 1951 2536926981.000nan 127874057.000nan 1059306933.000nan nan 1349731035.000887027423.000nan 357004118.000nan \\nWorld 1952 2584086282.000nan 129789920.000nan 1077187083.000nan nan 1377093868.000908405822.000nan 369808783.000nan \\nWorld 1952 2584086282.000nan 129789920.000nan 1077187083.000nan nan 1377093868.000908405822.000nan 369808783.000nan \\nWorld 1953 2634106196.000nan 132153401.000nan 1096035616.000nan nan 1405901747.000931753367.000nan 382937200.000nan \\nWorld 1953 2634106196.000nan 132153401.000nan 1096035616.000nan nan 1405901747.000931753367.000nan 382937200.000nan \\nWorld 1954 2685894824.000nan 134605044.000nan 1115476200.000nan nan 1435798620.000956729574.000nan 394915591.000nan \\nWorld 1954 2685894824.000nan 134605044.000nan 1115476200.000nan nan 1435798620.000956729574.000nan 394915591.000nan \\nWorld 1955 2740213742.000nan 136880351.000nan 1135578051.000nan nan 1467741035.000983973012.000nan 405901514.000nan \\nWorld 1955 2740213742.000nan 136880351.000nan 1135578051.000nan nan 1467741035.000983973012.000nan 405901514.000nan \\nWorld 1956 2795409946.000nan 139124988.000nan 1155761734.000nan nan 1500508950.0001011888692.000nan 415775927.000nan \\nWorld 1956 2795409946.000nan 139124988.000nan 1155761734.000nan nan 1500508950.0001011888692.000nan 415775927.000nan \\nWorld 1957 2852618291.000nan 141568304.000nan 1175591966.000nan nan 1535443591.0001042438588.000nan 425253342.000nan \\nWorld 1957 2852618291.000nan 141568304.000nan 1175591966.000nan nan 1535443591.0001042438588.000nan 425253342.000nan \\nWorld 1958 2911249598.000nan 144363538.000nan 1195306099.000nan nan 1571565925.0001074936309.000nan 433848458.000nan \\nWorld 1958 2911249598.000nan 144363538.000nan 1195306099.000nan nan 1571565925.0001074936309.000nan 433848458.000nan \\nWorld 1959 2965950296.000nan 147197366.000nan 1214751290.000nan nan 1603988059.0001103604025.000nan 437784209.000nan \\nWorld 1959 2965950296.000nan 147197366.000nan 1214751290.000nan nan 1603988059.0001103604025.000nan 437784209.000nan \\nWorld 1960 3015470858.000nan 149860337.000nan 1233928623.000nan nan 1631668379.0001127544524.000nan 436596450.000nan \\nWorld 1960 3015470858.000nan 149860337.000nan 1233928623.000nan nan 1631668379.0001127544524.000nan 436596450.000nan \\nWorld 1961 3064869609.000nan 152850007.000nan 1253708594.000nan nan 1658297137.0001148386821.000nan 434964716.000nan \\nWorld 1961 3064869609.000nan 152850007.000nan 1253708594.000nan nan 1658297137.0001148386821.000nan 434964716.000nan \\nWorld 1962 3123374259.000nan 156395564.000nan 1274900528.000nan nan 1692063791.0001173295680.000nan 438972639.000nan \\nWorld 1962 3123374259.000nan 156395564.000nan 1274900528.000nan nan 1692063791.0001173295680.000nan 438972639.000nan \\nWorld 1963 3192807773.000nan 160302478.000nan 1296562648.000nan nan 1735927818.0001206503264.000nan 452062209.000nan \\nWorld 1963 3192807773.000nan 160302478.000nan 1296562648.000nan nan 1735927818.0001206503264.000nan 452062209.000nan \\nWorld 1964 3264487295.000nan 164451901.000nan 1317979464.000nan nan 1782040403.0001239592891.000nan 469172201.000nan \\nWorld 1964 3264487295.000nan 164451901.000nan 1317979464.000nan nan 1782040403.0001239592891.000nan 469172201.000nan \\nWorld 1965 3334533671.000nan 169108142.000nan 1338894049.000nan nan 1826515158.0001268384929.000nan 485583201.000nan \\nWorld 1965 3334533671.000nan 169108142.000nan 1338894049.000nan nan 1826515158.0001268384929.000nan 485583201.000nan \\nWorld 1966 3404041061.000nan 174013781.000nan 1359285297.000nan nan 1870724997.0001295130165.000nan 501321122.000nan \\nWorld 1966 3404041061.000nan 174013781.000nan 1359285297.000nan nan 1870724997.0001295130165.000nan 501321122.000nan \\nWorld 1967 3473412825.000nan 179017528.000nan 1379099968.000nan nan 1915277375.0001319254571.000nan 511678302.000nan \\nWorld 1967 3473412825.000nan 179017528.000nan 1379099968.000nan nan 1915277375.0001319254571.000nan 511678302.000nan \\nWorld 1968 3545187204.000nan 184229583.000nan 1398152443.000nan nan 1962786172.0001343769017.000nan 515962921.000nan \\nWorld 1968 3545187204.000nan 184229583.000nan 1398152443.000nan nan 1962786172.0001343769017.000nan 515962921.000nan \\nWorld 1969 3619491543.000nan 189539707.000nan 1417310740.000nan nan 2012621132.0001369478321.000nan 520507779.000nan \\nWorld 1969 3619491543.000nan 189539707.000nan 1417310740.000nan nan 2012621132.0001369478321.000nan 520507779.000nan \\nWorld 1970 3694683753.000nan 195016690.000nan 1437190857.000nan nan 2062454956.0001393771007.000nan 526956395.000nan \\nWorld 1970 3694683753.000nan 195016690.000nan 1437190857.000nan nan 2062454956.0001393771007.000nan 526956395.000nan \\nWorld 1971 3769847803.000nan 200588276.000nan 1459336598.000nan nan 2109900169.0001417853553.000nan 534032668.000nan \\nWorld 1971 3769847803.000nan 200588276.000nan 1459336598.000nan nan 2109900169.0001417853553.000nan 534032668.000nan \\nWorld 1972 3844917635.000nan 206390731.000nan 1484884093.000nan nan 2153618405.0001440422383.000nan 541213950.000nan \\nWorld 1972 3844917635.000nan 206390731.000nan 1484884093.000nan nan 2153618405.0001440422383.000nan 541213950.000nan \\nWorld 1973 3920804971.000nan 212422877.000nan 1512563510.000nan nan 2195792425.0001462497819.000nan 546365036.000nan \\nWorld 1973 3920804971.000nan 212422877.000nan 1512563510.000nan nan 2195792425.0001462497819.000nan 546365036.000nan \\nWorld 1974 3996416050.000nan 218717944.000nan 1542270532.000nan nan 2235399578.0001486019586.000nan 548583585.000nan \\nWorld 1974 3996416050.000nan 218717944.000nan 1542270532.000nan nan 2235399578.0001486019586.000nan 548583585.000nan \\nWorld 1975 4070735208.000nan 225166595.000nan 1574702688.000nan nan 2270835661.0001508916500.000nan 548458068.000nan \\nWorld 1975 4070735208.000nan 225166595.000nan 1574702688.000nan nan 2270835661.0001508916500.000nan 548458068.000nan \\nWorld 1976 4144246343.000nan 231559930.000nan 1608826048.000nan nan 2303827690.0001530800938.000nan 547089106.000nan \\nWorld 1976 4144246343.000nan 231559930.000nan 1608826048.000nan nan 2303827690.0001530800938.000nan 547089106.000nan \\nWorld 1977 4217863768.000nan 238154882.000nan 1645110337.000nan nan 2334563487.0001547645696.000nan 545866896.000nan \\nWorld 1977 4217863768.000nan 238154882.000nan 1645110337.000nan nan 2334563487.0001547645696.000nan 545866896.000nan \\nWorld 1978 4292097452.000nan 245024602.000nan 1683215566.000nan nan 2363819625.0001556720359.000nan 545028771.000nan \\nWorld 1978 4292097452.000nan 245024602.000nan 1683215566.000nan nan 2363819625.0001556720359.000nan 545028771.000nan \\nWorld 1979 4368539442.000nan 252002977.000nan 1722489590.000nan nan 2394006660.0001565820899.000nan 546646552.000nan \\nWorld 1979 4368539442.000nan 252002977.000nan 1722489590.000nan nan 2394006660.0001565820899.000nan 546646552.000nan \\n\\n3 Important Constraints\\n3.1 Your question must integrate information from both charts—use exactly one measurable value, event, or trend from each chart.\\n3.1.1 You must apply one of the following operations only: \\nShared-Condition Ranges: Use a mutual feature (e.g., peak, inflection, intersection) across both charts,Conditional Ranking: Estimate value range for an entity given its rank during a period defined in the second chart\\n3.2 Use only visible textual content in the chart images—axis labels, legend items, entity names, years, numeric values, and titles—when forming your question.\\n3.3 Use the table data to support and verify the chart-derived question and answer when applicable—but not as the only source of usable values.\\n3.4 If a value or label is missing in the table, fall back to what’s visible in the image.\\n3.5 If the table contradicts the image, prioritize the image and adjust the question or answer accordingly.\\n3.6 Do not infer or hallucinate any information that’s not explicitly visible in the chart or table.\\n3.7 The final answer must always be a range—either a numeric interval (e.g., 2000–4000) or a year range (e.g., 2015–2020). Never a single value.\\n3.8 When forming your question and answer,You may use values clearly visible in the chart—such as those shown in data points, labels, or axis ticks—if they match the variables, structure, or units used in the table, even if the exact value does not appear in the table. Use the table to verify trends, ranges, or formats, but do not restrict yourself to values explicitly listed in the table.\\n\\n4. Answer Format (Strictly)\\nReturn exactly 1 Q&A pair using the following format: \\nQuestion: <insert complex reasoning question here> \\nAnswer: <insert value or year range here> \\nQuestion type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\nExplanation: <state how the question integrates one condition from each chart and how the final range was derived from values or patterns in both datasets. You must cite values and reasoning steps from both charts/tables.>\\nDo not include any extra text or formatting outside this block. \\nThe explanation must include data reference from both charts/tables.\\n\\n5 Example Questions\\nYour questions should be of similar structure and reasoning complexity as these examples:\\n\\n1. Question: What is the range of tuberculosis incidence rates in a South American country during the period when India experienced its lowest recorded leprosy prevalence? \\n Answer: For Brazil from 2014–2016, 40–55 \\n Question type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\n Explanation: According to the chart, India had its lowest leprosy prevalence around 2014–2016, dropping below 1 case per 10,000 population. During that same period, the tuberculosis incidence rate in Brazil—a South American country—ranged from 40 to 55 per 100,000 population as shown in the data table → range: 40–55.\\n \\n\\n2. Question: During which range of years did Argentina’s greenhouse gas emissions start to decline, and how does this overlap with the time when solar energy production in China first exceeded 50 GWh? \\n Answer: 2015–2020 \\n Question type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\n Explanation: Argentina’s emissions began to decline steadily from 2015. In China’s solar energy chart, production crossed 50 GWh in 2017 and remained above it through 2020. The overlap is 2015–2020 → range: 2015–2020.\"}],\"role\":\"user\"}],\"generationConfig\":{\"max_output_tokens\":-97,\"response_mime_type\":\"application/json\",\"response_schema\":{\"properties\":{\"Answer\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"Explanation\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"Question\":{\"type\":\"string\"},\"Question_type\":{\"type\":\"string\"}},\"required\":[\"Question\",\"Answer\",\"Question_type\",\"Explanation\"],\"type\":\"object\"},\"temperature\":0}},\"response\":{}}"
},
"251": {
"batch_id": "251",
"question": "In 2010, average OECD public expenditure on education reached its peak for the period shown. What is the range of rock-to-metal ratios for all materials listed in the first chart whose ratio is numerically between 10 and 100 times this peak percentage value?",
"answer": "38-250",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart and its corresponding table, the peak average public expenditure on non-tertiary education for OECD countries occurred in 2010, with a value of 3.448% of GDP. The question requires finding a range of rock-to-metal ratios from the first chart based on this peak value. The lower bound of this range is calculated as 10 times the peak percentage (10 * 3.448 = 34.48), and the upper bound is 100 times the peak percentage (100 * 3.448 = 344.8). We then identify all materials in the first chart whose rock-to-metal ratio falls within the calculated interval of [34.48, 344.8]. The materials that satisfy this condition are Boron (38), Phosphate (41), Lead (50), Zinc (71), Titanium (99), and Nickel (250). The minimum ratio among these materials is 38 (for Boron) and the maximum is 250 (for Nickel), resulting in the final answer range of 38-250."
},
"78": {
"batch_id": "78",
"question": "What range of years saw Burkina Faso's adolescent birth rate exceed the replacement-level fertility rate recorded for India in 1970?",
"answer": "2011-2015",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From Chart 2 and its corresponding table, the replacement-level fertility rate for India in 1970 was 2.90. This value is used as a threshold to analyze Chart 1. In Chart 1, the adolescent birth rate for Burkina Faso is examined. According to its data table, the rate was 6.89 in 2011, 6.76 in 2014, and 4.67 in 2015, all of which are above the 2.90 threshold. In 2016, the rate dropped to 2.59, falling below the threshold. Therefore, the range of years where Burkina Faso's adolescent birth rate exceeded India's 1970 replacement-level fertility rate is 2011-2015."
},
"261": {
"batch_id": "261",
"question": "During which range of years was the global quantity of soybeans used for 'Direct human food', in millions of tonnes, approximately equivalent to the percentage of India's population that could not afford a healthy diet in 2019?",
"answer": "1972–1979",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "According to Chart 1 and its corresponding data, the share of the population in India that could not afford a healthy diet in 2019 was 57.1%. The question requires finding the range of years when the global quantity of soybeans used for 'Direct human food' was numerically equivalent to this percentage, which translates to approximately 5.71 million tonnes. Based on the data for Chart 2, the amount of soybeans used for direct human food was 5.637 million tonnes in 1972 and 5.795 million tonnes in 1977. The values fluctuated within a narrow band between 5.6 million and 6.4 million tonnes throughout the 1972–1979 period, making this the appropriate answer range."
},
"203": {
"batch_id": "203",
"question": "During the years when the fish catch per unit of fishing power for 'All trawlers' in England and Wales was in its second major decline, falling from approximately 30 t to 20 t, what was the approximate range of foreign aid given by the United Kingdom?",
"answer": "$4.0 billion to $5.0 billion",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Fish catch per unit of fishing power' chart, the second major decline for 'All trawlers' occurs after the peak around 1955. The catch value is observed to drop from approximately 30 tonnes to 20 tonnes between the years 1960 and 1965. In the 'Foreign aid given' chart, we examine the aid provided by the United Kingdom during this same period (1960-1965). The corresponding data table for foreign aid shows the United Kingdom's contribution was $4.31 billion in 1960, $4.67 billion in 1961, and $4.14 billion in 1962. Visually inspecting the chart for the entire 1960-1965 period, the UK's aid remains within a stable band. Therefore, a reasonable estimated range for the UK's foreign aid during this time is $4.0 billion to $5.0 billion."
},
"26": {
"batch_id": "26",
"question": "During the years when the difference in the proportion of the female labor force between Portugal and Greece was at its widest, what was the approximate range for the share of the labor force employed in agriculture in Italy?",
"answer": "5.4% - 5.9%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the period when the gap in female labor force participation between Portugal (red line) and Greece (light blue line) was at its widest is identified as the start of the observed period, 1997-1999. In 1997, the gap was at its maximum of approximately 7.3 percentage points (Portugal at 44.8% and Greece at 37.6%). According to the second chart and its corresponding data table, during this same period (1997-1999), the share of Italy's labor force employed in agriculture ranged from a high of 5.88% in 1997 to a low of 5.42% in 1999."
},
"35": {
"batch_id": "35",
"question": "During the year when China's 'trade openness index' reached its peak, what was the estimated range of the share of revenue from income tax for the European countries with the highest and lowest shares shown in the first chart?",
"answer": "35% - 54%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Trade as a share of GDP' chart, China's trade openness index reached its peak in 2006, with a value of 64.479% according to the provided data table. In that same year, the 'Revenue from income taxes' chart shows that among the listed European countries, Denmark had the highest share of revenue from income tax (53.890%) and Germany had the lowest share (35.190%). Therefore, the range between the highest and lowest shares in 2006 was approximately 35% to 54%."
},
"33": {
"batch_id": "33",
"question": "During the 2011-2021 timeframe, which falls within a period of sustained decline in annual births for Asia (UN), what was the approximate range of the annual growth of imports for Guinea?",
"answer": "-18% to 71%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that the number of annual births in Asia (UN) has been on a long-term decreasing trend since approximately 1990, a trend which continues through the 2011-2021 period shown in Chart 1. Within this 2011-2021 timeframe, Chart 1 displays the annual growth of imports for Guinea. By examining Guinea's data line and the corresponding table, its import growth reached a minimum of -17.63% in 2017 and a maximum of 70.96% in 2016. Therefore, the full range of Guinea's import growth during this period is approximately -18% to 71%."
},
"232": {
"batch_id": "232",
"question": "By summing the manuscript production in Germany for the 9th and 10th centuries (represented by years 800 and 900) and treating the result in thousands as a percentage, determine the range of years when Ecuador's vaccination rate was continuously at or above this percentage.",
"answer": "2005-2010",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, determine the threshold value from the first chart. The manuscript production in Germany for the 9th century (bar at '800') was approximately 45,000, and for the 10th century (bar at '900'), it was also approximately 45,000. The sum of production for these two centuries is 45,000 + 45,000 = 90,000. Treating this value in thousands as a percentage gives a threshold of 90%. Next, analyze the second chart to find the continuous period when Ecuador's vaccination rate was at or above this 90% threshold. According to the chart and supporting table data, Ecuador's rate was 90% in 2005, peaked at 95% in 2007-2008, and remained above 90% until 2010 (93%), before dropping to 88% in 2011. Therefore, the continuous range of years is 2005 to 2010."
},
"131": {
"error": "parse_failed",
"raw": "{\"id\":\"131\",\"status\":\"\",\"processed_time\":\"2025-07-18T03:29:48.052+00:00\",\"request\":{\"contents\":[{\"parts\":[{\"fileData\":{\"fileUri\":\"gs://type3_multichart/images/images/131_0.png\",\"mimeType\":\"image/png\"},\"text\":null},{\"fileData\":{\"fileUri\":\"gs://type3_multichart/images/images/131_1.png\",\"mimeType\":\"image/png\"},\"text\":null},{\"fileData\":null,\"text\":\"1. Task\\nYou are given two chart images along with their corresponding tabular data.\\nYour task is to analyze the textual content visible in both images and relate it to the values or trends in the provided tables.\\nYou must then generate exactly 1 complex question and answer that falls into the following category:\\n\\nReasoning with Range Estimation: Estimate a numeric or temporal range by combining one measurable value or condition from each chart through comparative reasoning.\\n\\n2. Input Data\\n2.1 Image IDs:\\nChart 1: 131_0.png\\nChart 2: 131_1.png\\n\\n2.2 Tables Corresponding to the Above Charts:\\nTable used to generate <chart1_image>:\\nEntity Year Rye | 00000071 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresMaize | 00000056 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresApples | 00000515 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresBarley | 00000044 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresWheat | 00000015 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresBananas | 00000486 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresOranges | 00000490 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresPotatoes | 00000116 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresSugar cane | 00000156 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresPeas, dry | 00000187 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresSoybeans | 00000236 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresTomatoes | 00000388 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresCassava | 00000125 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresBeans, dry | 00000176 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresRice | 00000027 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresCocoa beans | 00000661 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresRapeseed | 00000270 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectaresSugar beet | 00000157 || Area harvested | 005312 || hectares\\nWorld 2012 5274951.000180368416.0005034511.00050049960.000217793792.0005390127.0003483159.00018703422.00025898392.0006712406.000105474840.0004856456.00025245346.00029462388.000161030528.00010313477.00034717784.0004900580.000\\nKyrgyzstan 2012 30.000 94856.000 24500.000 146965.000322679.000nan nan 81517.000 nan 1000.000 96.000 9928.000 nan 49000.000 7160.000 nan 0.000 5304.000 \\nChina 2012 190000.00035029820.0002231350.000489890.00024268260.000394700.000462000.0005030770.0001794660.000825000.0007171060.000949510.000280000.000748000.00030476000.000nan 7431860.000235780.000\\nUzbekistan 2012 700.000 40829.000 83052.000 85300.000 1404000.000nan nan 76100.000 nan 1000.000 nan 60299.000 nan nan 76300.000 nan 1750.000 nan \\nAustria 2012 48525.000 219702.0006050.000 150576.000308179.000nan nan 21782.000 nan 10704.000 37126.000 183.000 nan nan nan nan 55821.000 49263.000 \\nBulgaria 2012 12617.000 466789.0004621.000 191432.0001185007.000nan nan 14906.000 nan 1283.000 248.000 3401.000 nan 1541.000 9873.000 nan 134516.000nan \\nWorld 2013 5816344.000187529744.0005110945.00050012048.000218430704.0005427385.0003664776.00018516362.00026757276.0006413637.000111104576.0004907247.00025745092.00029738868.000163469792.00010177105.00036563560.0004344286.000\\nKyrgyzstan 2013 20.000 91902.000 26000.000 147120.000346410.000nan nan 80506.000 nan 1500.000 196.000 9972.000 nan 61700.000 7904.000 nan 0.000 6661.000 \\nChina 2013 180000.00036318400.0002272200.000465500.00024117260.000392000.000485000.0005025760.0001816490.000950000.0006790500.000980100.000285000.000625000.00030709700.000nan 7519420.000181840.000\\nUzbekistan 2013 702.000 33912.000 90219.000 90800.000 1443672.000nan nan 78300.000 nan 1200.000 nan 63304.000 nan nan 44900.000 nan 1800.000 nan \\nAustria 2013 56108.000 201917.0006970.000 142574.000297286.000nan nan 21128.000 nan 7248.000 42027.000 183.000 nan nan nan nan 58557.000 50849.000 \\nBulgaria 2013 15458.000 428300.0004813.000 197464.0001314288.000nan nan 12765.000 nan 1243.000 336.000 3242.000 nan 1034.000 10214.000 nan 134656.000nan \\nWorld 2014 5331090.000186480608.0005088916.00049931708.000219541344.0005250873.0003708376.00018034126.00026965136.0006807590.000117732496.0004983277.00026134434.00031002912.000162724896.00010577940.00036460428.0004469090.000\\nKyrgyzstan 2014 28.000 91982.000 26600.000 155398.000339027.000nan nan 78892.000 nan 1215.000 512.000 10262.000 nan 51548.000 8062.000 nan 0.000 7274.000 \\nChina 2014 170000.00037123392.0002272200.000468800.00024069420.000392000.000617650.0004910410.0001760450.000950000.0006799900.000998140.000289257.000600000.00030765100.000nan 7587924.000138780.000\\nUzbekistan 2014 900.000 35600.000 89193.000 92200.000 1454600.000nan nan 80300.000 nan 1300.000 nan 63100.000 nan nan 48800.000 nan 1600.000 nan \\nAustria 2014 48241.000 216316.0006760.000 145825.000304645.000nan nan 21384.000 nan 6863.000 43832.000 189.000 nan nan nan nan 52816.000 50604.000 \\nBulgaria 2014 14441.000 408404.0003951.000 214697.0001267914.000nan nan 10200.000 nan 882.000 305.000 3024.000 nan 880.000 11043.000 nan 190194.000nan \\nWorld 2015 4461270.000191048000.0005168984.00049049424.000222965904.0005350617.0003485090.00018038688.00026441712.0006900983.000120901832.0004890182.00027444492.00031607344.000161158560.00010957003.00034489984.0004208371.000\\nKyrgyzstan 2015 736.000 102348.00026500.000 173933.000297289.000nan nan 84488.000 nan 297.000 850.000 11386.000 nan 50085.000 8611.000 nan 0.000 5048.000 \\nChina 2015 160117.00044968000.0002328300.000446600.00024596000.000409100.000498600.0004785580.0001476000.000850000.0006506100.0001024700.000289499.000667000.00030784000.000nan 7028000.00096000.000 \\nUzbekistan 2015 1000.000 37300.000 92335.000 93000.000 1445700.000nan nan 80600.000 nan 1200.000 nan 63800.000 nan nan 70500.000 nan 1816.000 nan \\nAustria 2015 39563.000 188728.0006620.000 151769.000302965.000nan nan 20368.000 nan 7274.000 56895.000 188.000 nan nan nan nan 37529.000 45436.000 \\nBulgaria 2015 6304.000 498644.0004765.000 175957.0001105916.000nan nan 11018.000 nan 9252.000 34468.000 3275.000 nan 3314.000 12410.000 nan 170421.000nan \\nWorld 2016 4438685.000194291856.0004855277.00048207088.000218953776.0005199281.0003447038.00017389992.00026484384.0007451211.000122048064.0004926829.00026626956.00035532760.000162337040.00010699320.00032867660.0004587746.000\\nKyrgyzstan 2016 261.000 101717.00026367.000 184615.000270439.000nan nan 82155.000 nan 128.000 1033.000 11655.000 nan 52249.000 9904.000 nan 0.000 11315.000 \\nChina 2016 170039.00044178000.0002122280.000353238.00024696000.000364826.000510420.0004802400.0001402000.000926642.0007092736.0001041813.000294297.000727141.00030746000.000nan 6623000.000154000.000\\nUzbekistan 2016 867.000 39797.000 109191.000103018.0001444064.000nan nan 84555.000 nan 1233.000 124.000 64149.000 nan nan 71793.000 nan 1739.000 nan \\nAustria 2016 37312.000 195252.0006670.000 140425.000315088.000nan nan 21221.000 nan 7733.000 49791.000 178.000 nan nan nan nan 39662.000 43497.000 \\nBulgaria 2016 7468.000 406942.0004111.000 159830.0001192590.000nan nan 8376.000 nan 18701.000 14162.000 3613.000 nan 2410.000 11988.000 nan 171511.000nan \\nKyrgyzstan 2012 30.000 94856.000 24500.000 146965.000322679.000nan nan 81517.000 nan 1000.000 96.000 9928.000 nan 49000.000 7160.000 nan 0.000 5304.000 \\nKyrgyzstan 2013 20.000 91902.000 26000.000 147120.000346410.000nan nan 80506.000 nan 1500.000 196.000 9972.000 nan 61700.000 7904.000 nan 0.000 6661.000 \\nKyrgyzstan 2014 28.000 91982.000 26600.000 155398.000339027.000nan nan 78892.000 nan 1215.000 512.000 10262.000 nan 51548.000 8062.000 nan 0.000 7274.000 \\nKyrgyzstan 2015 736.000 102348.00026500.000 173933.000297289.000nan nan 84488.000 nan 297.000 850.000 11386.000 nan 50085.000 8611.000 nan 0.000 5048.000 \\nKyrgyzstan 2016 261.000 101717.00026367.000 184615.000270439.000nan nan 82155.000 nan 128.000 1033.000 11655.000 nan 52249.000 9904.000 nan 0.000 11315.000 \\nTable used to generate <chart2_image>:\\nEntity Year Land area (sq. km)\\nChina 1961 9388250.000\\nNorway 1961 365244.000\\nKyrgyzstan 1992 191800.000\\nWorld 1961 104225870.000\\nChina 1962 9388250.000\\nNorway 1962 365244.000\\nKyrgyzstan 1993 191800.000\\nWorld 1962 104225850.000\\nChina 1963 9388250.000\\nNorway 1963 365244.000\\nKyrgyzstan 1994 191800.000\\nWorld 1963 104225864.000\\nChina 1964 9388250.000\\nNorway 1964 365244.000\\nKyrgyzstan 1995 191800.000\\nWorld 1964 104225864.000\\nChina 1965 9388250.000\\nNorway 1965 365244.000\\nKyrgyzstan 1996 191800.000\\nWorld 1965 104225850.000\\nChina 1966 9388250.000\\nNorway 1966 365244.000\\nKyrgyzstan 1997 191800.000\\nWorld 1966 104225840.000\\nChina 1967 9388250.000\\nNorway 1967 365244.000\\nKyrgyzstan 1998 191800.000\\nWorld 1967 104225830.000\\nChina 1968 9388250.000\\nNorway 1968 365244.000\\nWorld 1968 104225820.000\\nWorld 1992 125856200.000\\nWorld 1993 127078824.000\\nWorld 1994 127067070.000\\nWorld 1995 127064120.000\\nWorld 1996 127063660.000\\nWorld 1997 127133010.000\\nWorld 1998 127106980.000\\n\\n3 Important Constraints\\n3.1 Your question must integrate information from both charts—use exactly one measurable value, event, or trend from each chart.\\n3.1.1 You must apply one of the following operations only: \\nSpan Estimation: Use a chart trend to determine a start and end year or min–max value,Time Alignment: Identify value ranges in Chart 1 for years defined by a trend or condition in Chart 2\\n3.2 Use only visible textual content in the chart images—axis labels, legend items, entity names, years, numeric values, and titles—when forming your question.\\n3.3 Use the table data to support and verify the chart-derived question and answer when applicable—but not as the only source of usable values.\\n3.4 If a value or label is missing in the table, fall back to what’s visible in the image.\\n3.5 If the table contradicts the image, prioritize the image and adjust the question or answer accordingly.\\n3.6 Do not infer or hallucinate any information that’s not explicitly visible in the chart or table.\\n3.7 The final answer must always be a range—either a numeric interval (e.g., 2000–4000) or a year range (e.g., 2015–2020). Never a single value.\\n3.8 When forming your question and answer,You may use values clearly visible in the chart—such as those shown in data points, labels, or axis ticks—if they match the variables, structure, or units used in the table, even if the exact value does not appear in the table. Use the table to verify trends, ranges, or formats, but do not restrict yourself to values explicitly listed in the table.\\n\\n4. Answer Format (Strictly)\\nReturn exactly 1 Q&A pair using the following format: \\nQuestion: <insert complex reasoning question here> \\nAnswer: <insert value or year range here> \\nQuestion type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\nExplanation: <state how the question integrates one condition from each chart and how the final range was derived from values or patterns in both datasets. You must cite values and reasoning steps from both charts/tables.>\\nDo not include any extra text or formatting outside this block. \\nThe explanation must include data reference from both charts/tables.\\n\\n5 Example Questions\\nYour questions should be of similar structure and reasoning complexity as these examples:\\n\\n1. Question: What is the range of tuberculosis incidence rates in a South American country during the period when India experienced its lowest recorded leprosy prevalence? \\n Answer: For Brazil from 2014–2016, 40–55 \\n Question type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\n Explanation: According to the chart, India had its lowest leprosy prevalence around 2014–2016, dropping below 1 case per 10,000 population. During that same period, the tuberculosis incidence rate in Brazil—a South American country—ranged from 40 to 55 per 100,000 population as shown in the data table → range: 40–55.\\n \\n\\n2. Question: During which range of years did Argentina’s greenhouse gas emissions start to decline, and how does this overlap with the time when solar energy production in China first exceeded 50 GWh? \\n Answer: 2015–2020 \\n Question type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\n Explanation: Argentina’s emissions began to decline steadily from 2015. In China’s solar energy chart, production crossed 50 GWh in 2017 and remained above it through 2020. 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},
"180": {
"batch_id": "180",
"question": "The difference in the percentage of the population covered by at least one social protection benefit between Hungary (89%) and Argentina (65.9%) is closest to the mean female BMI of a country shown in the second chart in 2016. For that specific country, what was the approximate range of its mean female BMI from 2006 to 2010?",
"answer": "22.5-22.9",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, calculate the difference in the percentage of the population covered by social protection between Hungary and Argentina using the values from the first chart: 89% - 65.9% = 23.1%. Next, identify the country in the second chart whose mean female BMI in 2016 is closest to this value. By visually inspecting the lines at the year 2016, Malawi's BMI is approximately 23.2, making it the closest match to 23.1. Finally, determine the range of Malawi's mean female BMI from 2006 to 2010. The chart shows Malawi's BMI starting at approximately 22.5 in 2006 (the table confirms 22.510) and steadily increasing to about 22.8 by 2010. Therefore, a reasonable estimated range for this period is 22.5 to 22.9."
},
"250": {
"batch_id": "250",
"question": "For the country with the second-highest percentage of calorie supply from plant foods in 2022, what was the approximate range of its share of cereals allocated to human food during the notable dip that occurred after 2005?",
"answer": "85-98%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Calorie supply by food group, 2022' chart, India has the second-highest percentage of calorie supply from plant foods at 87%, ranking just below Bangladesh (91%). The question then requires finding the range for India's share of cereals for human food during its notable dip after 2005, as shown in the second chart. In the 'Share of cereals allocated to human food' chart, India's share, which was consistently around 98%, experienced a sharp drop around 2009-2012, reaching a low of approximately 85% before recovering. Thus, the value range during this event spans from the low point to the preceding high point."
},
"186": {
"batch_id": "186",
"question": "In 2019, Asia was the continent with the largest share of global plastic waste emitted to the ocean. During what range of years did Indonesia, a country in Asia, see a continuous improvement in its level of national compliance with labor rights?",
"answer": "2018-2021",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that in 2019, Asia was the continent with the largest share of global plastic waste emitted to the ocean (80.99%). Chart 1 tracks the labor rights compliance score for several countries, including Indonesia, which is in Asia. A lower score indicates better compliance (improvement). According to the data, Indonesia's score showed a continuous decrease starting from 2.48 in 2018, to 2.45 in 2019, 1.51 in 2020, and approximately 1.3 in 2021. Thus, the period of continuous improvement is from 2018 to 2021."
},
"258": {
"batch_id": "258",
"question": "Considering the increased risk of illicit drug dependency for individuals with Conduct disorder and Antisocial personality disorder, during what approximate range of years was the global land use for Citrus Fruit, measured in millions of hectares, equivalent to this risk factor range?",
"answer": "1975-1980",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, the range of increased risk for illicit drug dependency is identified from the second chart for 'Conduct disorder' (3.5) and 'Antisocial personality disorder' (3.8). This establishes a numeric range of 3.5 to 3.8. This range is then applied to the first chart, treating the values as millions of hectares. By visually inspecting the line for 'Citrus Fruit' on the first chart, we can estimate the time period during which its land use fell between 3.5 and 3.8 million hectares. The line for 'Citrus Fruit' appears to enter this range around the year 1975 and surpasses it around 1980, resulting in the estimated year range of 1975-1980."
},
"172": {
"batch_id": "172",
"question": "What was the range of the intensity of multidimensional poverty in Tunisia during the period when Israel's employment in tourism-related industries was consistently above 20 per 1,000 people?",
"answer": "36% - 40%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, Israel's employment in tourism-related industries first exceeded 20 per 1,000 people in 2007 (with a value of 20.754) and remained above that level until approximately 2019. The second chart provides data for Tunisia's intensity of multidimensional poverty within this timeframe, showing a value of 39.597% in 2011 and 36.425% in 2018. Therefore, the range for Tunisia's poverty intensity during this period was approximately 36% to 40%."
},
"3": {
"batch_id": "3",
"question": "During the years where Nicaragua's debt service as a share of exports showed a continuous decrease, what was the range of Morocco's taxes on goods and services as a share of GDP?",
"answer": "8.1% to 8.8%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 1 shows that Nicaragua's debt service as a share of exports decreased continuously from 2000 to 2002. The corresponding data from the table confirms this trend (15.95% in 2000, 13.95% in 2001, and 11.93% in 2002). This establishes the period of interest as 2000-2002. Looking at Chart 2 for this period, Morocco's taxes on goods and services as a share of GDP had a minimum value of 8.117% (in 2001) and a maximum value of 8.737% (in 2002). Therefore, the range for Morocco during this period was approximately 8.1% to 8.8%."
},
"183": {
"batch_id": "183",
"question": "Using the percentage point increase in Colombia's legal framework score from 2018 to 2022 as a numerator and Mauritania's peak armed forces personnel share in 1995 as a denominator, a target value is calculated. During which range of years did Mauritania's armed forces personnel share cross this target value?",
"answer": "1998-1999",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart and its corresponding table, Colombia's score for legal frameworks addressing violence against women increased from 88.89% in 2018 to 100% in 2022, representing an increase of 11.11 percentage points. From the second chart and its table, Mauritania's armed forces personnel as a share of the total labor force reached its peak value in 1995 at 3.480%. A target value is calculated by dividing the increase from the first chart by the peak value from the second chart: 11.11 / 3.480 ≈ 3.193. To find the time range when Mauritania's share was at this level, we examine its trend in the second chart. In 1998, the share was 3.268%, and by 1999, it had fallen to 3.175%. Since the target value of 3.193 falls between the values for these two years, the range during which the share crossed this value is 1998-1999."
},
"210": {
"batch_id": "210",
"question": "Considering the countries shown in Chart 1 that are part of the region that saved 38.03 million lives according to Chart 2, what is the range of their share of primary schools with access to the Internet?",
"answer": "0.2% - 99.9%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 2 is used to identify the region that has saved 38.03 million lives, which is 'South-east Asia'. Next, Chart 1 is examined to find all the countries listed that belong to this geographical region. These countries are Thailand (99.9%), Vietnam (90.8%), Indonesia (84.1%), Bangladesh (49.3%), India (38.9%), and Myanmar (0.2%). The note in Chart 2 also explicitly confirms that India and Bangladesh are included in its 'South-east Asia' grouping. The final range is determined by finding the minimum and maximum values for the share of primary schools with internet access among this group of countries, which corresponds to Myanmar's 0.2% and Thailand's 99.9%."
},
"9": {
"batch_id": "9",
"question": "During the period after 2003 when Senegal's death rate from meningitis was sustained between 15 and 25 deaths per 100,000 people, what was the estimated range of the total annual number of deaths from meningitis in India?",
"answer": "56000-75000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 1 shows that after its 2003 peak, Senegal's death rate from meningitis (purple line) entered a sustained period where it remained between 15 and 25 deaths per 100,000 people. This period corresponds to the years 2004 through 2007. The question then requires finding the range of the total annual number of deaths in India during this same 2004-2007 timeframe. According to Chart 2 and its corresponding table, India's deaths were 62,069 in 2004, peaked at 74,230 in 2005, and were 56,991 in 2006 and 58,376 in 2007. The minimum and maximum values during this period define the range of approximately 56,000 to 75,000 deaths."
},
"101": {
"batch_id": "101",
"question": "During the years when Algeria's share of women in parliament exceeded 30%, what was the corresponding range of DTP3 vaccination rates for one-year-olds in Yemen?",
"answer": "45-70%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Share of women in parliament' chart, Algeria's representation first exceeded 30% in 2012, with the data table showing a value of 31.6%. The line on the chart remains above 30% for the rest of the period shown (until 2021). This establishes the time frame of 2012-2021. Looking at the 'Share of one-year-olds vaccinated' chart for Yemen during this same period, the vaccination rate reached a maximum of approximately 70% around 2012-2013 and fell to a minimum of approximately 45% around 2017. Therefore, the corresponding range is 45-70%."
},
"70": {
"batch_id": "70",
"question": "During the years when the global (World) tuberculosis death rate was consistently below 30 per 100,000 people, what was the range of the child homicide rate in the Philippines?",
"answer": "1.4 - 2.3",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that the 'World' tuberculosis death rate (purple line) dropped below 30 per 100,000 people starting in 2010 and remained below that level for the rest of the observed period. Chart 1 covers the years up to 2017. Therefore, the relevant period is 2010-2017. According to Chart 1 and its corresponding data table, the child homicide rate for the Philippines during this period had a maximum value of 2.218 in 2010 and a minimum value of 1.403 in 2014, resulting in a range of approximately 1.4 to 2.3 per 100,000 people."
},
"18": {
"batch_id": "18",
"question": "What was the range for the share of children with anemia in Uruguay during the years when the worldwide share of the undernourished population was increasing after reaching its lowest point shown on the chart?",
"answer": "24.3-25.0%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Share of the population that is undernourished' chart, the 'World' trend reached its minimum around 2015 and then began to increase through 2018. During this same period (2015-2018), the 'Share of children who have anemia' chart shows the rate for Uruguay increasing. The provided table lists Uruguay's anemia rate as 24.3% in 2015 and 24.8% in 2017. The visual trend on the chart continues to rise to approximately 25.0% by 2018, resulting in a range of 24.3-25.0%."
},
"199": {
"batch_id": "199",
"question": "What was the estimated range of Germany's government spending on pre-primary education as a share of GDP during the period that starts in the year when the remaining life expectancy for a 45-year-old female worldwide first surpassed 35 years and ends in 2015?",
"answer": "0.39% to 0.5%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the first chart, the remaining life expectancy for a 45-year-old female worldwide (the \"World - Age 45\" line) first crossed 35 years in 2010. The corresponding data table confirms this, showing the value increased from 34.611 years in 2009 to 34.811 years in 2010. This sets the start of the period for the second chart. In the second chart, Germany's government spending on pre-primary education in 2010 was 0.398% of GDP. The line shows a steady increase until 2015, where it is visually just under the 0.5% mark. Therefore, the estimated range for Germany's spending from 2010 to 2015 is 0.39% to 0.5%."
},
"145": {
"batch_id": "145",
"question": "What was the approximate range of total government revenue as a share of GDP for Uruguay (Chart 1) during the period when India's central government revenue (Chart 2) was between 11% and 12.1%?",
"answer": "22.5% - 24.5%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from Chart 2 where India's central government revenue was between 11% and 12.1% of GDP. According to the chart and its corresponding data table, this condition is met between 2001 and 2004 (with values of 11.04% in 2001, 11.59% in 2002, 11.85% in 2003, and 12.08% in 2004). Next, we use this time frame (2001-2004) to find the range of total government revenue for Uruguay in Chart 1. The data table for Chart 1 provides values for Uruguay from 2001 to 2003: 22.87%, 22.81%, and 22.89%. The line on the chart for Uruguay continues through 2004 at a slightly higher level, visually estimated to be around 24%. Combining the available data points and the visual trend, the revenue for Uruguay during this period ranged from approximately 22.5% to 24.5%."
},
"227": {
"error": "parse_failed",
"raw": "{\"id\":\"227\",\"status\":\"\",\"processed_time\":\"2025-07-18T03:29:48.027+00:00\",\"request\":{\"contents\":[{\"parts\":[{\"fileData\":{\"fileUri\":\"gs://type3_multichart/images/images/227_0.png\",\"mimeType\":\"image/png\"},\"text\":null},{\"fileData\":{\"fileUri\":\"gs://type3_multichart/images/images/227_1.png\",\"mimeType\":\"image/png\"},\"text\":null},{\"fileData\":null,\"text\":\"1. Task\\nYou are given two chart images along with their corresponding tabular data.\\nYour task is to analyze the textual content visible in both images and relate it to the values or trends in the provided tables.\\nYou must then generate exactly 1 complex question and answer that falls into the following category:\\n\\nReasoning with Range Estimation: Estimate a numeric or temporal range by combining one measurable value or condition from each chart through comparative reasoning.\\n\\n2. Input Data\\n2.1 Image IDs:\\nChart 1: 227_0.png\\nChart 2: 227_1.png\\n\\n2.2 Tables Corresponding to the Above Charts:\\nTable used to generate <chart1_image>:\\nEntity Year Gross domestic product (GDP)900795-annotations\\nWorld 1820 1175113800000.000nan \\nWorld 1850 1546684500000.000nan \\nWorld 1870 1963043000000.000nan \\nWorld 1900 3503708200000.000nan \\nWorld 1920 4824948500000.000nan \\nWorld 1940 7646890400000.000nan \\nWorld 1950 8461551700000.000nan \\nWorld 1960 13338077000000.000nan \\nWorld 1970 21941933000000.000nan \\nWorld 1980 31982614000000.000nan \\nWorld 1990 43033605000000.000nan \\nWorld 2000 59897670000000.000nan \\nWorld 2010 89807710000000.000nan \\nWorld 2015 106871830000000.000nan \\nWorld 2016 110407200000000.000nan \\nWorld 2017 114529590000000.000nan \\nWorld 2018 118765810000000.000nan \\nWorld 2019 122149365000000.000nan \\nWorld 2020 118590020000000.000nan \\nWorld 2021 126004794000000.000nan \\nWorld 2022 130112560000000.000nan \\nTable used to generate <chart2_image>:\\nEntity Year Population - Sex: all - Age: 0-4 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 5-9 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 10-14 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 15-19 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 20-24 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 25-29 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 30-34 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 35-39 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 40-44 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 45-49 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 50-54 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 55-59 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 60-64 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 65-69 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 70-74 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 75-79 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 80-84 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 85-89 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 90-94 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 95-99 - Variant: estimatesPopulation - Sex: all - Age: 100+ - Variant: estimates\\nWorld 1950 343353095.000266839981.000257539317.000236815873.000220066630.000193287095.000162896136.000158664976.000143579011.000124750871.000104001047.00084810241.00070169856.00052277078.00036002390.00022005948.00010799103.0004049084.0001010132.000160344.00014593.000 \\nWorld 1951 357004118.000270793092.000259230213.000239783176.000222920436.000197594622.000166577797.000158500885.000145655366.000127026990.000106505589.00086649776.00070795908.00053158668.00036425646.00022292180.00010814257.0004021945.0001008229.000153132.00014956.000 \\nWorld 1952 369808783.000278771076.000259825963.000243508564.000225179482.000202037939.000171538361.000157573134.000147586407.000129365709.000109028375.00088670737.00071386421.00054251180.00036941914.00022538040.00010893916.0004009358.0001003637.000151875.00015411.000 \\nWorld 1953 382937200.000289154728.000259661439.000247126229.000227022151.000206710145.000177243014.000156312726.000149592536.000131712781.000111682871.00090752966.00072028577.00055578482.00037587174.00022775071.00011047276.0004010387.0001004070.000150941.00015432.000 \\nWorld 1954 394915591.000301755994.000260057989.000250134197.000228934849.000210795611.000183036422.000155801208.000151427793.000134178543.000114467618.00092762687.00073006318.00056840656.00038336384.00023024343.00011208365.0004035830.0001009041.000150425.00014960.000 \\nWorld 1955 405901514.000316707727.000261363771.000252494439.000231273584.000214315400.000188089594.000157475290.000152486761.000136637734.000116940844.00095091256.00074541172.00057731030.00039139548.00023342212.00011410997.0004087370.0001016772.000152422.00014305.000 \\nWorld 1956 415775927.000330708486.000265404279.000254328436.000234291822.000217404927.000192467658.000161395886.000152479603.000138767394.000119212092.00097626229.00076407945.00058439992.00040006600.00023735695.00011643839.0004126351.0001018708.000153803.00014274.000 \\nWorld 1957 425253342.000343723682.000273461564.000255095649.000237909354.000219763740.000196840447.000166486005.000151640506.000140741549.000121589434.000100131540.00078398745.00059152156.00041031072.00024194683.00011843915.0004175451.0001017145.000153882.00014430.000 \\nWorld 1958 433848458.000356940060.000284147791.000255210954.000241418662.000221625470.000201378985.000172204270.000150436334.000142629052.000123866758.000102751620.00080413610.00059892812.00042269844.00024726210.00012039987.0004256895.0001022786.000155004.00014036.000 \\nWorld 1959 437784209.000368983779.000296836037.000255814372.000244569662.000223487240.000205342826.000177882454.000149948963.000144369296.000126123303.000105392189.00082205019.00060808544.00043331227.00025288531.00012221376.0004346352.0001043566.000157770.00013581.000 \\nWorld 1960 436596450.000379523741.000311424333.000256985275.000247138580.000225541333.000208761595.000182687325.000151591799.000145321641.000128360312.000107478927.00084185691.00062020673.00043920034.00025828266.00012418026.0004442784.0001070030.000160524.00013519.000 \\nWorld 1961 434964716.000388563349.000324858756.000260806022.000249104294.000228343392.000211872948.000186849376.000155459466.000145145518.000130278013.000109389575.00086370306.00063504659.00044405880.00026441975.00012671001.0004565262.0001097241.000163989.00013871.000 \\nWorld 1962 438972639.000397048450.000337274591.000268753689.000250014422.000232096842.000214413669.000191164635.000160507857.000144319807.000132140085.000111661782.00088595851.00065185776.00045025020.00027210525.00012982493.0004689393.0001133541.000168816.00014376.000 \\nWorld 1963 452062209.000404566030.000349875025.000279192524.000250232030.000235907959.000216375588.000195713321.000166109044.000143280600.000134166062.000113944516.00091065558.00066909596.00045705445.00028161574.00013369531.0004808330.0001173811.000174191.00014829.000 \\nWorld 1964 469172201.000408868114.000361552576.000291636339.000250811173.000239296594.000218230861.000199783861.000171694213.000142968973.000136070624.000116312832.00093621506.00068607474.00046586950.00029083440.00013828035.0004941994.0001221371.000182637.00015527.000 \\nWorld 1965 485583201.000410352990.000372448738.000306204275.000251925954.000241943951.000220416689.000203403110.000176608104.000144701414.000137236956.000118711407.00095872418.00070666960.00047836255.00029709077.00014314530.0005109745.0001278271.000193304.00016322.000 \\nWorld 1966 501321122.000411620272.000382188771.000319846346.000255748486.000244057610.000223266067.000206581002.000180811485.000148668523.000137238566.000120741665.00097920379.00072866617.00049253673.00030236697.00014820956.0005294429.0001337696.000203713.00016986.000 \\nWorld 1967 511678302.000416459412.000391116857.000332357556.000263665248.000245023599.000226907588.000209022579.000185129638.000153771176.000136430894.000122667467.000100147027.00075004303.00050749928.00030797093.00015366281.0005490413.0001394171.000215339.00017954.000 \\nWorld 1968 515962921.000428925919.000398880177.000344972302.000274044853.000245186821.000230600713.000210880153.000189645944.000159374933.000135426241.000124678998.000102358640.00077268155.00052231663.00031379196.00015969411.0005708516.0001446624.000226018.00019006.000 \\nWorld 1969 520507779.000445533263.000403437279.000356688622.000286454189.000245745744.000233936549.000212635134.000193652880.000164949798.000135176647.000126549675.000104664313.00079574471.00053684959.00032062917.00016541163.0005943509.0001497062.000235626.00019964.000 \\nWorld 1970 526956395.000461758833.000405055779.000367606584.000301077365.000246900025.000236662674.000214776252.000197166954.000169995241.000137011576.000127763214.000106914921.00081663950.00055382524.00032967484.00016978318.0006208492.0001566464.000249458.00021250.000 \\nWorld 1971 534032668.000477498474.000406322411.000377353591.000314693025.000250753689.000238768009.000217656497.000200229373.000174257852.000141047105.000127775695.000108848378.00083549476.00057258111.00034044230.00017346640.0006481712.0001642154.000265953.00022760.000 \\nWorld 1972 541213950.000488025014.000411183419.000386174474.000327021548.000258729626.000239775525.000221347294.000202672372.000178405279.000146183911.000127012131.000110757955.00085557988.00059137671.00035203403.00017743051.0006756155.0001711885.000280578.00024406.000 \\nWorld 1973 546365036.000492532232.000423600551.000393827491.000339467115.000269208338.000240093548.000225113012.000204612748.000182783267.000151860136.000126148413.000112744048.00087616813.00061106852.00036360543.00018184379.0007070765.0001790356.000293169.00026159.000 \\nWorld 1974 548583585.000497315958.000440120043.000398287224.000351092768.000281584505.000240848060.000228531080.000206472057.000186713658.000157423879.000126063062.000114634231.00089767944.00063143117.00037546456.00018702500.0007376746.0001876720.000304461.00027996.000 \\nWorld 1975 548458068.000504139146.000456319286.000399965046.000361954115.000296161900.000242209888.000231347677.000208695041.000190216026.000162230137.000127961646.000115880373.00091910246.00064999647.00038963498.00019371893.0007624192.0001976570.000320549.00030264.000 \\nWorld 1976 547089106.000511796654.000471915178.000401351121.000371675631.000309707482.000246186900.000233578197.000211679092.000193285735.000166330348.000131981734.000116076560.00093868876.00066765628.00040533262.00020129379.0007845189.0002078732.000338864.00032675.000 \\nWorld 1977 545866896.000519514700.000482264100.000406259357.000380658434.000322032013.000254270106.000234737162.000215394025.000195723012.000170402624.000137079308.000115472087.00095811668.00068634295.00042133333.00020942351.0008091393.0002184658.000357184.00035062.000 \\nWorld 1978 545028771.000525029794.000486661794.000418535981.000388563285.000334502423.000264776146.000235143766.000219150458.000197636525.000174640825.000142602776.000114762647.00097796462.00070554413.00043812700.00021786499.0008382330.0002313135.000379063.00037659.000 \\nWorld 1979 546646552.000527733318.000491441029.000434740935.000393444826.000346297961.000277089798.000235922709.000222500478.000199439041.000178434907.000147961682.000114843014.00099693845.00072574549.00045528479.00022646416.0008714647.0002440312.000404729.00040215.000 \\n\\n3 Important Constraints\\n3.1 Your question must integrate information from both charts—use exactly one measurable value, event, or trend from each chart.\\n3.1.1 You must apply one of the following operations only: \\nDerivative Trends: Identify a range in Chart 1 when Chart 2 is increasing, decreasing, or constant,Shared-Condition Ranges: Use a mutual feature (e.g., peak, inflection, intersection) across both charts\\n3.2 Use only visible textual content in the chart images—axis labels, legend items, entity names, years, numeric values, and titles—when forming your question.\\n3.3 Use the table data to support and verify the chart-derived question and answer when applicable—but not as the only source of usable values.\\n3.4 If a value or label is missing in the table, fall back to what’s visible in the image.\\n3.5 If the table contradicts the image, prioritize the image and adjust the question or answer accordingly.\\n3.6 Do not infer or hallucinate any information that’s not explicitly visible in the chart or table.\\n3.7 The final answer must always be a range—either a numeric interval (e.g., 2000–4000) or a year range (e.g., 2015–2020). Never a single value.\\n3.8 When forming your question and answer,You may use values clearly visible in the chart—such as those shown in data points, labels, or axis ticks—if they match the variables, structure, or units used in the table, even if the exact value does not appear in the table. Use the table to verify trends, ranges, or formats, but do not restrict yourself to values explicitly listed in the table.\\n\\n4. Answer Format (Strictly)\\nReturn exactly 1 Q&A pair using the following format: \\nQuestion: <insert complex reasoning question here> \\nAnswer: <insert value or year range here> \\nQuestion type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\nExplanation: <state how the question integrates one condition from each chart and how the final range was derived from values or patterns in both datasets. You must cite values and reasoning steps from both charts/tables.>\\nDo not include any extra text or formatting outside this block. \\nThe explanation must include data reference from both charts/tables.\\n\\n5 Example Questions\\nYour questions should be of similar structure and reasoning complexity as these examples:\\n\\n1. Question: What is the range of tuberculosis incidence rates in a South American country during the period when India experienced its lowest recorded leprosy prevalence? \\n Answer: For Brazil from 2014–2016, 40–55 \\n Question type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\n Explanation: According to the chart, India had its lowest leprosy prevalence around 2014–2016, dropping below 1 case per 10,000 population. During that same period, the tuberculosis incidence rate in Brazil—a South American country—ranged from 40 to 55 per 100,000 population as shown in the data table → range: 40–55.\\n \\n\\n2. Question: During which range of years did Argentina’s greenhouse gas emissions start to decline, and how does this overlap with the time when solar energy production in China first exceeded 50 GWh? \\n Answer: 2015–2020 \\n Question type: \\\"Reasoning with Range Estimation\\\" \\n Explanation: Argentina’s emissions began to decline steadily from 2015. In China’s solar energy chart, production crossed 50 GWh in 2017 and remained above it through 2020. 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},
"211": {
"batch_id": "211",
"question": "During the two-year period where Austria's year-over-year growth in the share of AI jobs was numerically closest to the percentage of Americans using \"Job fairs, conferences, and other events\" in 2015, what was the range of Austria's share of AI jobs?",
"answer": "1.10% - 1.33%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 indicates that 28% of Americans used \"Job fairs, conferences, and other events\" for their job search in 2015. We use this value (28%, or 0.28) as a reference to find a corresponding condition in Chart 1. We analyze the year-over-year growth in the share of AI jobs for Austria from the data table. The growth from 2021 to 2022 was 0.23 percentage points (1.33% - 1.10%), which is numerically closer to 0.28 than the growth in other periods. This identifies the relevant time span as 2021–2022. During this period, the share of AI jobs for Austria ranged from its minimum of 1.10% (in 2021) to its maximum of 1.33% (in 2022)."
},
"21": {
"batch_id": "21",
"question": "In the year that the death rate from maternal conditions in Maldives peaked, what was the estimated range for the share of women expected to die from pregnancy-related causes, considering the values for India and Ecuador?",
"answer": "0.38% to 1.11%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, identify the peak event from Chart 2. The death rate from maternal conditions in Maldives reached its highest point in the year 2002, with a rate of approximately 2.34 per 100,000 people, as confirmed by the corresponding table. Next, using this year (2002), find the values for India and Ecuador in Chart 1. According to the data for Chart 1, in 2002, the lifetime risk of maternal death for Ecuador was 0.382% and for India it was 1.106%. Therefore, the range for these two countries in that specific year was 0.38% to 1.11%."
},
"197": {
"batch_id": "197",
"question": "During which range of years did the decline from the peak number of TB patients in South Africa receiving ART overlap with the period after the global remaining life expectancy at birth first exceeded 70 years?",
"answer": "2014–2021",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the first chart, the number of tuberculosis patients living with HIV receiving ART in South Africa reached its peak around 2014 and subsequently entered a period of decline that continued until at least 2021. According to the second chart, the global remaining life expectancy at birth (Age 0) first surpassed 70 years around 2012. The overlapping period between South Africa's decline (starting in 2014) and the era where life expectancy at birth was above 70 years (starting in 2012) is from 2014 to 2021."
},
"45": {
"batch_id": "45",
"question": "What was the range of Russia's chlorophyll-a deviation from the global average during the years when the share of one-year-olds vaccinated against rubella in upper-middle-income countries was between 75% and 80%?",
"answer": "10.16% - 13.26%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart where the condition is met. The share of one-year-olds vaccinated against rubella in upper-middle-income countries was between 75% and 80% for the years 2012 through 2016 (with values of 78%, 78%, 78%, 77%, and 77% respectively). Next, we look at the first chart for Russia's chlorophyll-a deviation during this same period (2012-2016). The values from the table are: 10.84% (2012), 10.28% (2013), 13.26% (2014), 12.12% (2015), and 10.16% (2016). The range is determined by the minimum and maximum of these values, which is 10.16% to 13.26%."
},
"62": {
"batch_id": "62",
"question": "Based on the second chart, Luxembourg's emissions experienced a period of continuous growth between 2016 and 2018. What was the range of per capita CO2 emissions for Colombia during this same period, according to the first chart?",
"answer": "45-48 kg",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The second chart shows that Luxembourg's per capita CO2 emissions experienced a period of continuous growth from 2016 to 2018, increasing from 417.652 kg to 810.083 kg. To find the answer, we examine the data for Colombia in the first chart during this same time frame (2016-2018). According to the first table, Colombia's emissions were 46.276 kg in 2016, 45.882 kg in 2017, and 47.531 kg in 2018. The minimum value in this period was 45.882 kg and the maximum was 47.531 kg, which corresponds to an estimated range of 45-48 kg."
},
"239": {
"batch_id": "239",
"question": "For the countries featured in both charts where plant protein constituted over 50% of the per capita protein supply in 2022, what was the range of confirmed rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis cases in 2023?",
"answer": "4,233–34,761",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, identify the countries present in both charts: India and South Africa. The question specifies a condition from the first chart: countries where plant protein constituted over 50% of the per capita protein supply in 2022. According to Chart 1, India's plant protein intake is 75% and South Africa's is 53%, both of which are over 50%. Next, using Chart 2, we find the number of 'Confirmed rifampicin resistance' cases for these two countries in 2023. The chart shows 34,761 cases for India and 4,233 cases for South Africa. The range is therefore the minimum and maximum of these two values, which is 4,233 to 34,761."
},
"65": {
"batch_id": "65",
"question": "What was the estimated range for China's expected years of schooling during the period when Qatar's share of adolescents not in secondary school was below 5%?",
"answer": "12.5 to 15.5 years",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1 is used to determine the relevant time period. The line for Qatar shows that the share of adolescents not in secondary school dropped below the 5% mark around 2010 and remained there until the end of its plotted data around 2020. The data table confirms this, with a value of 1.222% in 2010 and 2.164% in 2020. Second, using this time frame (2010-2020), we examine Chart 2 to find the range for China's expected years of schooling. In 2010, China's value is visually estimated to be around 12.8 years. By 2020, it had risen to approximately 14.2 years. Therefore, the estimated range for China's expected years of schooling during this period is 12.5 to 14.5 years."
},
"97": {
"batch_id": "97",
"question": "What was the estimated range of Germany's import value for environmentally sound technologies during the overlapping years when the cost of Photovoltaics was below 10 units?",
"answer": "$79 billion - $94 billion",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart, 'The cost of 66 different technologies over time', the cost of Photovoltaics is shown to be below 10 units from the early 2000s until the end of the data series around 2013. The first chart, 'Import of environmentally sound technologies, 2010 to 2020', provides data starting from 2010. The overlapping period where both conditions are met is 2010-2013. According to the first chart and its corresponding table, Germany's import value for environmentally sound technologies during this period ranged from a low of approximately $79.2 billion in 2013 to a high of approximately $93.1 billion in 2011. Therefore, the estimated range is $79 billion to $94 billion."
},
"100": {
"batch_id": "100",
"question": "What was the approximate range of adolescent birth rates (per 1,000 women) for the countries with the lowest rates (Tonga, Oman, and Australia) during the period when Egypt's wanted fertility rate was between 2.5 and 3.0 births per woman?",
"answer": "10-23",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from Chart 2 when Egypt's wanted fertility rate was between 2.5 and 3.0 births per woman. The data table and chart show this condition was met between 1988 and 2003, with values like 3.0 in 1988, 2.9 in 2000, and 2.5 in 2003. Second, we identify the countries in Chart 1 with the lowest adolescent birth rates, which are visually and textually identified as Tonga, Oman, and Australia. We then find the range of their birth rates during the overlapping time period of 2000-2003. The data table shows the minimum rate was for Oman in 2003 (10.9) and the maximum was for Tonga in 2002 (22.53). This gives an approximate range of 10 to 23 births per 1,000 women."
},
"90": {
"batch_id": "90",
"question": "Considering the country with the highest LGBT+ rights index in 2019, what would be the resulting range for its index if it were reduced by a percentage equivalent to the range of estimated declines in the Living Planet Index from 1970 to 2020?",
"answer": "7.26–8.49",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 1 identifies Uruguay as the country with the highest LGBT+ rights index, at 10.88 in 2019. Chart 2 provides a range for the estimated decline in the Living Planet Index, from a lower estimate of 22% to an upper estimate of 33.3%. To determine the resulting range, Uruguay's index is reduced by these percentages. A reduction by the lower estimate (22%) yields a new index of 10.88 * (1 - 0.22) = 8.49. A reduction by the upper estimate (33.3%) yields a new index of 10.88 * (1 - 0.333) = 7.26. This establishes the final estimated range of 7.26–8.49."
},
"82": {
"batch_id": "82",
"question": "Estimate the range of years when the age-standardized suicide rate for both sexes in Latvia was lower than the 2019 US death rate from \"Intentional injuries\".",
"answer": "2014-2019",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From Chart 2, the death rate from \"Intentional injuries\" in the United States for 2019 was 19.3 per 100,000 people. Chart 1 shows the age-standardized suicide rate for both sexes in Latvia (blue line), which exhibits a declining trend from 2000 to 2019. By visually inspecting the chart for Latvia, the suicide rate for both sexes was above 20 per 100,000 until approximately 2013. Around 2014, the rate dropped below the 20 mark on the y-axis, and thus below the 19.3 threshold from Chart 2. This rate continued to decrease and remained below 19.3 through the end of the period shown, 2019. Therefore, the estimated range of years is 2014-2019."
},
"36": {
"batch_id": "36",
"question": "During the years when the annual number of deaths from diabetes in China was consistently above 120,000, what was the estimated range of annual deaths from stroke in Tanzania?",
"answer": "11,000-18,500",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart, 'Deaths from diabetes, 2000 to 2021'. The number of deaths from diabetes in China surpassed 120,000 in the year 2003 (with a value of 122,209.07) and remained above that threshold for the rest of the period shown. Next, we use this time frame (2003-2019) to find the corresponding range in the first chart, 'Number of deaths from stroke, 2000 to 2019'. In 2003, the number of deaths from stroke in Tanzania was approximately 11,411. By 2019, the final year on the chart, the value for Tanzania had increased to approximately 18,000. Therefore, the estimated range of annual deaths from stroke in Tanzania during this period is 11,000 to 18,500."
},
"123": {
"batch_id": "123",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the share of GDP from agriculture in Mozambique during the years when the United States' Agriculture Orientation Index was below 0.4?",
"answer": "24% to 28%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 2 (Agriculture orientation index for government spending) is used to identify a specific time period based on a condition. The index for the United States (red line) drops below 0.4 for the first time around 2014 and remains below that level until approximately 2019. Second, using this time frame (2014-2019), we examine Chart 1 (Share of GDP from agriculture). For Mozambique (red line), the share of GDP from agriculture during these years fluctuated, reaching a low of approximately 24% around 2015 and a peak of about 28% around 2018. Therefore, the estimated range is 24% to 28%."
},
"169": {
"batch_id": "169",
"question": "What was the estimated range of the physical integrity rights score for the United States during the period when the number of companies in Japan publishing sustainability reports was continuously increasing?",
"answer": "-0.2 to 0.2",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, identify the period in the second chart where the number of companies in Japan publishing sustainability reports was continuously increasing. According to the chart and table, this occurred from 2017 (256 companies) to 2020 (316 companies). Next, find the overlapping time frame with the first chart, which is 2017 to 2019. Finally, examine the first chart to determine the range of the physical integrity rights score for the United States during these years. In 2017, the score was approximately 0.2; it decreased to around 0 in 2018 and fell to approximately -0.2 in 2019. Therefore, the estimated range for the score during this period is -0.2 to 0.2."
},
"149": {
"batch_id": "149",
"question": "During the approximate years when China's GDP first surpassed Japan's GDP, what was the estimated range of imports for South Africa?",
"answer": "$70 billion to $90 billion",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "To answer this question, we first identify the time period from the 'Gross domestic product (GDP), 1960 to 2023' chart. Visually, China's GDP (red line) surpasses Japan's GDP (light purple line) around the year 2010. We can define this event's period as approximately 2009-2011. Next, we examine the 'Imports of goods and services, 1975 to 2022' chart for South Africa's import values during this 2009-2011 timeframe. The chart shows that South Africa's imports (brown line) experienced a dip around 2009 to a low of approximately $85 billion and then recovered to a high of about $105 billion by 2011. Therefore, the estimated range of imports for South Africa during this period is $85 billion to $105 billion."
},
"66": {
"batch_id": "66",
"question": "Estimate the range of the coefficient of variation for dietary inequality in Ethiopia during the period when South Korea's GNI per capita first crossed the $40,000 threshold.",
"answer": "0.240 - 0.260",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on Chart 2, South Korea's GNI per capita first surpassed the $40,000 threshold between the years 2010 and 2012. To find the corresponding range of dietary inequality for Ethiopia, we look at Chart 1 for this same period. In 2010 and 2011, Ethiopia's coefficient of variation was stable at 0.260. In 2012, it decreased to 0.240. Therefore, the range of dietary inequality in Ethiopia during the period South Korea's GNI per capita crossed $40,000 was 0.240 to 0.260."
},
"121": {
"batch_id": "121",
"question": "What was the estimated range of the United Kingdom's median after-tax income during the period when its percentage reduction in the Gini coefficient, as shown in the second chart, was between 20% and 24%?",
"answer": "$26,000–$28,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the second chart, the United Kingdom's percentage reduction in the Gini coefficient remained between 20% and 24% for the entire period shown, 2016-2020. The line starts around 23% in 2016, dips to a low of approximately 20% in 2019, and returns to about 23% by 2020. Turning to the first chart, during this same 2016-2020 period, the United Kingdom's median after-tax income (the light blue line) started at approximately $27,000, peaked at around $29,000 in 2019, and then slightly decreased. Therefore, the estimated range for its median income in this period is $27,000–$29,000."
},
"195": {
"batch_id": "195",
"question": "What was the approximate range of tonne-kilometers of air freight for Germany during the period when its GDP per capita was between $30,000 and $40,000?",
"answer": "4 billion to 9 billion tonne-kilometers",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, using the 'GDP per capita' chart, we identify the time period when Germany's GDP per capita was between $30,000 and $40,000. The chart shows Germany's GDP per capita crossing the $30,000 mark around 1992 and the $40,000 mark around 2004. This establishes the relevant time frame as approximately 1992-2004. Second, we examine the 'Tonne-kilometers of air freight' chart for Germany during this period. In 1992, Germany's air freight was just over 4 billion tonne-kilometers. The volume then trended upwards, reaching a peak of approximately 7.5 billion tonne-kilometers around 2004. Therefore, the range of air freight for Germany during the specified period of economic output is 4 billion to 7.5 billion tonne-kilometers."
},
"73": {
"batch_id": "73",
"question": "For the years when Malta's Consumer Price Index was above its 2010 base value of 100 (as seen in Chart 2), what was the corresponding range of its annual inflation rate according to Chart 1?",
"answer": "1.1% to 3.0%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a condition is identified from Chart 2: the years when Malta's Consumer Price Index (CPI) was above its base value of 100. According to Chart 2, the base year is 2010 where the CPI is 100, and the index for Malta is above 100 for the subsequent years shown, which are 2011, 2012, and 2013. Second, this time period (2011-2013) is used to find the range of Malta's annual inflation rate in Chart 1. According to the data for Chart 1, Malta's inflation rate was 2.963% in 2011, 2.376% in 2012, and 1.180% in 2013. The range of these values is from a minimum of 1.180% to a maximum of 2.963%, which can be expressed as the range 1.1% to 3.0%."
},
"160": {
"batch_id": "160",
"question": "Using the numerical value from Egypt's plastic waste generation in 2010 (5.46 million t) as a reference, what is the range of years where Monaco's hazardous waste generated per capita was between 5 kg and 11 kg?",
"answer": "2013-2017",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart, Egypt's total plastic waste generation in 2010 is 5.46 million tonnes. The question uses the numerical part of this value to establish a condition for the first chart. We then examine the data for Monaco in the first chart and its corresponding table to find the years where the hazardous waste generated per capita falls between 5 kg and 11 kg. The values for Monaco are 8.28 kg (2013), 8.32 kg (2014), 8.43 kg (2015), 10.34 kg (2016), and 5.44 kg (2017). All these data points fall within the specified range, so the corresponding span of years is 2013 to 2017."
},
"93": {
"batch_id": "93",
"question": "During which range of years was the reported suicide rate in Guyana continuously higher than the respiratory infection death rate in Japan in 2012?",
"answer": "2001-2008",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart, the respiratory infection death rate in Japan for the year 2012 is listed as 24.6 per 100,000 people. Using this value as a threshold, we examine the first chart to find the continuous period when Guyana's reported suicide rate was higher. According to the line chart and the supporting data table, Guyana's rate was 30.970 in 2001, remained above 25.0 through subsequent years, and was 25.414 in 2008. The chart shows a significant dip below the 25.0 mark in 2009, breaking the continuous period. Therefore, the range of years is 2001-2008."
},
"53": {
"batch_id": "53",
"question": "For the country with an LGBT+ legal equality index of 95 in 2025, what was the range of its 'Coverage of essential health services' index from 2000 to 2015?",
"answer": "68-82",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The 'LGBT+ legal equality index, 2025' chart shows that Brazil has an index score of 95. The corresponding table confirms this with a value of 95.060. The 'Coverage of essential health services' chart shows the trend for Brazil from 2000 to 2015. According to the data table for this chart, Brazil's index was 68.000 in 2000 and increased to 82.000 by 2015. Therefore, the range of its 'Coverage of essential health services' index during this period was 68 to 82."
},
"191": {
"batch_id": "191",
"question": "What was the estimated range for the share of India's population with access to clean fuels for cooking during the period (2021-2023) that saw a continuous decline in the number of newly-funded AI companies in China?",
"answer": "70% - 78%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The question requires identifying a time range from the second chart and using it to find a value range in the first chart. Chart 2 shows that from 2021 to 2023, the number of newly-funded AI companies in China continuously declined; the corresponding table confirms this trend with values of 260 in 2021, 147 in 2022, and 122 in 2023. Examining Chart 1 for this same period (2021-2023), the line representing India shows the share of the population with access to clean fuels for cooking increasing from approximately 72% in 2021 to about 78% in 2023. This yields an estimated range of 72% to 78%."
},
"158": {
"batch_id": "158",
"question": "What was the approximate range of Argentina's government health spending as a share of GDP during the period when Norway's spending on tertiary education showed a consistent upward trend, starting from its lowest point on the chart?",
"answer": "3.7% - 4.6%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the relevant period from the second chart, 'Government spending on tertiary education as share of GDP'. Norway's spending shows a consistent upward trend from its lowest point in 2000 (1.641%) until 2004 (2.336%). This establishes the time frame of 2000-2004. Next, we look at the first chart, 'Government health spending as a share of GDP', for Argentina's data within this 2000-2004 period. According to the corresponding table, Argentina's spending was: 4.499% (2000), 4.594% (2001), 4.034% (2002), 3.774% (2003), and 3.746% (2004). The range is determined by the minimum (3.746%) and maximum (4.594%) values during these years, which is approximately 3.7% to 4.6%."
},
"91": {
"batch_id": "91",
"question": "What was the estimated range of daily cigarette consumption per smoker in Singapore during the decade from 1990 to 2000, a period in which the number of income/consumption surveys for South Africa remained constant at 1?",
"answer": "21.5 - 24.0",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the second chart, 'Number of income/consumption surveys...', the number of surveys for South Africa remained constant at 1 throughout the period from 1990 to 2000. The first chart, 'Daily cigarette consumption...', is then used to find the range for Singapore during this same time frame. According to the first chart and its data, Singapore's consumption was at its highest point in this period in 1990, at 23.8 cigarettes per day. The trend line for Singapore shows a steady decrease over the decade, reaching a value visually estimated to be around 21.8 by the year 2000. Thus, the full range of consumption for Singapore between 1990 and 2000 is approximately 21.5 to 24.0 cigarettes per day."
},
"104": {
"batch_id": "104",
"question": "What was the approximate range of India's agricultural output during the years when farm machinery usage in upper-middle-income countries was between 1.5 and 2.5 horsepower per hectare?",
"answer": "$220 billion to $330 billion",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Farm machinery per unit of agricultural land' chart, the machinery usage in upper-middle-income countries first exceeded 1.5 horsepower per hectare around 2001 and remained below 2.5 horsepower per hectare until 2013. This establishes the time frame of 2001-2013. According to the 'Agricultural output' chart and its corresponding data, India's agricultural output in 2001 was approximately $220 billion. By 2013, it had risen to approximately $330 billion. Therefore, the range of India's agricultural output during the specified period is $220 billion to $330 billion."
},
"155": {
"batch_id": "155",
"question": "What was the approximate range of protected area coverage for Australia's marine key biodiversity areas during the period from 2010 to 2022, when Somalia's polio vaccination rate for one-year-olds was consistently above 40%?",
"answer": "55% - 65%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Share of one-year-olds who are vaccinated against polio' chart, Somalia's vaccination rate first consistently rose above 40% around 2010 and remained above that level through 2022. The 'Protected area coverage of marine key biodiversity areas' chart shows that during this same period (2010-2022), Australia's coverage increased. In 2010, Australia's coverage was approximately 55%, and by 2022, it had risen to about 65%. Therefore, the range of coverage for Australia during this time frame was 55% to 65%."
},
"61": {
"batch_id": "61",
"question": "What was the approximate range of the average height of men born in North America during the period when the average height of women born in Switzerland was above 164 cm?",
"answer": "173-176 cm",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, based on Chart 1, we identify the time period when the average height of women born in Switzerland was above 164 cm. The blue line representing Switzerland crosses the 164 cm mark around the year 1960 and stays above it until the end of the displayed period in 1982. This defines our period of interest as approximately 1960-1982. Next, we look at Chart 2 to find the range of average height for men born in North America during this same period. In 1960, the red line for North America is at approximately 175 cm. By 1980, this value has increased to approximately 176 cm. Therefore, the range of average height for men in North America during the specified period is 175-176 cm."
},
"242": {
"batch_id": "242",
"question": "During the years when the death rate from alcohol and drug use disorders in North America was continuously above 20 per 100,000 people, what was the approximate range of life expectancy in the United States according to the Human Mortality Database (HMD)?",
"answer": "76.4-78.8 years",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the 'Alcohol and drug use disorders death rate' chart, the rate for North America first exceeded 20 deaths per 100,000 people in 2019 and remained above this level through 2021. This defines the period of interest as 2019-2021. Referring to the 'Life expectancy' chart for the United States, the Human Mortality Database (HMD) data shows that during this period, life expectancy peaked at approximately 78.8 years in 2019 and fell to a low of approximately 76.4 years in 2021. Therefore, the range of life expectancy during these years was 76.4-78.8 years."
},
"215": {
"batch_id": "215",
"question": "During the period when the number of one-year-olds not vaccinated against Haemophilus influenzae type B in Nigeria was consistently above 3.5 million, what was the range of government spending as a share of GDP in Guyana?",
"answer": "23-29%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the first chart where the number of unvaccinated one-year-olds in Nigeria was consistently above 3.5 million. According to the chart and the provided data, this condition is met between the years 2012 and 2015 (2012: 5,796,197; 2013: 4,781,952.5; 2014: 3,779,383.8; 2015: 3,894,473.8). Next, we look at the second chart to determine the range of government spending as a share of GDP for Guyana during this same 2012-2015 period. Visually estimating from the line chart for Guyana, the spending was at a low of approximately 24% in 2012 and 2015, and reached a high of about 28% in 2014. Therefore, the estimated range of government spending for Guyana during these years is 23-29%."
},
"109": {
"batch_id": "109",
"question": "During the period from 2010 to 2015, when the death rate from pneumonia in Chad was generally decreasing, what was the estimated range for the death rate from Parkinson's disease in Russia per 100,000 people?",
"answer": "6.1 - 7.4",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The question requires identifying a time period based on a trend in the second chart and then finding a value range from the first chart within that period. According to the 'Death rate from pneumonia' chart, the rate for Chad shows a general decreasing trend between 2010 and 2015, falling from approximately 200 to 160 deaths per 100,000 people. Examining the 'Death rate from Parkinson's disease' chart for Russia during this same 2010-2015 period, the rate fluctuates. It reaches a low of approximately 6.1 per 100,000 in 2011 and a high of approximately 7.4 per 100,000 in 2014. Therefore, the estimated range for Russia's death rate from Parkinson's disease during this timeframe is 6.1 to 7.4."
},
"256": {
"batch_id": "256",
"question": "The 2023 world birth rate for women aged 40-44 is 17.6 per 1,000. During what range of years was the death rate for 55-59 year olds in England and Wales also between 15 and 20 per 1,000?",
"answer": "1925-1935",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 1 shows the 2023 world birth rate for women aged 40-44 is 17.6 per 1,000. This value is used to define a target band of 15-20 per 1,000. Chart 2 and its corresponding table show the death rate for various age groups in England and Wales over time. According to the data table for Chart 2, the death rate for the '55-59 years old' group was 22.4 in 1915, fell to 17.6 in 1925, was 15.7 in 1935, and dropped to 13.6 by 1945. Therefore, the death rate for this group was within the 15-20 per 1,000 range during the period from 1925 to 1935."
},
"86": {
"batch_id": "86",
"question": "What was the approximate range of the literacy rate for adult women in Cameroon during the period when the literacy rate for young women in Yemen was consistently above 60%?",
"answer": "62-66%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart, 'Literacy rate among young women, 1975 to 2023'. The literacy rate for young women in Yemen is shown to cross the 60% threshold around 2006. The corresponding table confirms this, with a value of 65.66% in 2006, and it remains above 60% through the next data point in 2013 (64.08%). This establishes the period of interest as 2006-2013. Next, we examine the first chart, 'Literacy rate in adult women, 1981 to 2023', to find the literacy rate for adult women in Cameroon during this 2006-2013 period. The chart shows data points for Cameroon in 2007 (at 63%) and 2010 (at 65%). The line connecting these points indicates a steady increase. Therefore, the estimated range for Cameroon's adult female literacy rate between 2006 and 2013 is approximately 62% to 66%."
},
"194": {
"batch_id": "194",
"question": "What is the range of wheat, in million tonnes, used for animal feed in 2022 in the US and the EU/UK, two regions where dairy consumption accounted for 28% to 30% of total animal protein intake in 2017?",
"answer": "1.85 - 58.81 million t",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Animal protein consumption, 2017' chart, we identify the United States and the United Kingdom as two countries where dairy is a significant component of animal protein intake, accounting for 28% and 30% respectively. This establishes a condition based on a consumption range of 28-30%. Then, using the 'Wheat exports from Ukraine and Russia in perspective, 2022' chart, we find the corresponding amounts of wheat used for animal feed in these regions for the year 2022. The chart shows that the US used 1.85 million tonnes and the EU and UK combined used 58.81 million tonnes for animal feed. By taking the lower value (US) and the upper value (EU and UK), we establish the range of 1.85 to 58.81 million tonnes."
},
"63": {
"batch_id": "63",
"question": "During which range of years was the hypothetical global infant mortality rate without vaccines comparable to Zimbabwe's peak rate between 2005 and 2010?",
"answer": "2001-2002",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1 is used to identify the peak infant mortality rate for Zimbabwe between 2005 and 2010. The chart shows this peak occurred around 2008-2009, at a rate of approximately 7.2%. Second, Chart 2 is used to find the time period when the hypothetical global infant mortality rate 'Without vaccines' (the red line) was at a similar level. The red line is at approximately 7.2% between the years 2001 and 2002. The data from the second table confirms this, with a rate of 7.280% in 2001 and 7.180% in 2002, which brackets the estimated peak rate for Zimbabwe."
},
"74": {
"batch_id": "74",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the share of Japan's R&D expenditure allocated to marine science during the period when South Korea's total R&D spending as a share of GDP was consistently above 4%?",
"answer": "0.33% - 0.82%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The second chart, 'Research & development spending as a share of GDP', shows that South Korea's spending was consistently above the 4% threshold for the entire period from 2013 to 2017. The first chart, 'Ocean science and research funding', provides data for this same period. According to the first chart and its corresponding table, Japan's share of R&D expenditure on marine science had a maximum of 0.820% in 2013 and a minimum of 0.330% in 2017. This gives a range of 0.33% - 0.82%."
},
"192": {
"batch_id": "192",
"question": "What was the approximate range of the world's sex ratio in life expectancy during the period when India's GDP grew from under $2 trillion to approximately $4 trillion?",
"answer": "1.077-1.084",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the second chart (Gross domestic product (GDP), 1990 to 2022) based on the specified condition. According to the chart and its corresponding table, India's GDP in 1990 was approximately $1.75 trillion. The chart shows India's GDP line crossing the $4 trillion mark around the year 2007. This establishes the period of interest as 1990-2007. Next, we examine the first chart (Sex ratio in life expectancy, 1950 to 2023) for this time frame. In 1990, the world's sex ratio in life expectancy was approximately 1.080. It rose to a peak of about 1.084 around 1993 and then generally declined, reaching a low for the period of about 1.077 in 2007. Therefore, the range of the sex ratio during the 1990-2007 period was approximately 1.077 to 1.084."
},
"201": {
"batch_id": "201",
"question": "During the years when China's Democracy Index was consistently below 3.0, what was the approximate range of Mexico's crude death rate?",
"answer": "0.55% to 0.87%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, the Democracy Index chart is used to identify the time period when China's index was consistently below 3.0. Visually, this period starts after 2018 and continues to the end of the chart's range. The overlapping period with the first chart is 2019-2021. Next, we examine the Crude Death Rate chart for Mexico during these years (2019-2021). In 2019, Mexico's death rate was at its lowest point in this interval, approximately 0.55%. The rate then increased sharply, reaching its peak for the period at about 0.87% in 2021. Therefore, the range of Mexico's crude death rate during the specified period is 0.55% to 0.87%."
},
"133": {
"batch_id": "133",
"question": "What was the approximate range of death rates (per 100,000 people) from unintentional injuries for the '20-24 years' age group in the United States from 1950-1979, given that this range is comparable to the death rate range from cardiovascular diseases for Thailand between 1999 and 2018?",
"answer": "60-78",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From Chart 1 and its corresponding table, the death rate from cardiovascular diseases in Thailand between 1999 and 2018 ranged from a minimum of 58.540 per 100,000 people (in 2000) to a maximum of 82.355 (in 2016). This establishes a comparative value band. From Chart 2 and its table, the death rate from unintentional injuries for the '20-24 years' age group in the United States for the period 1950-1979 had a minimum of 60.261 (in 1950) and a maximum of 77.098 (in 1969). Since this range for the US age group falls entirely within the band established by Thailand's data, the estimated range is 60-78 per 100,000 people."
},
"28": {
"batch_id": "28",
"question": "Considering the CO2 emissions from deforestation for 'Oilseed products' and 'Vegetables, fruits, nuts' in Brazil (in million tonnes) as a numeric range, during which period did Japan's total official aid commitments (in billion US dollars) consistently fall within this range?",
"answer": "2013-2020",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the bar chart on CO2 emissions in Brazil, the value for 'Oilseed products' is 7.54 million tonnes and for 'Vegetables, fruits, nuts' is 11.85 million tonnes. This establishes a numeric range of 7.54 to 11.85. The line chart on aid commitments shows Japan's aid in billion US dollars. By checking the values for Japan against this numeric range, we find the period where its aid was consistently between $7.54 billion and $11.85 billion. According to the table and chart, Japan's aid was $8.13B in 2013, $8.01B in 2014, $11.04B in 2015, $9.79B in 2016, and visually estimated to be within this range for 2017 (~$11.0B), 2018 (~$10.8B), 2019 (~$8.1B), and 2020 (~$8.5B). The aid in 2012 ($5.58B) and 2021 (~$5.8B) fell below this range. Therefore, the continuous period is 2013-2020."
},
"37": {
"batch_id": "37",
"question": "During the years when Denmark's share of new fully battery-electric cars remained above 90%, what was the approximate range of its labor share of GDP?",
"answer": "58% to 61%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the first chart where Denmark's share of new fully battery-electric cars was consistently above 90%. According to the chart and its data table, this period spans from 2011 to 2015, with shares of 99.5% (2011), 97.6% (2012), 98.0% (2013), 94.7% (2014), and 91.1% (2015). Next, we examine the second chart to find the range of Denmark's labor share of GDP during this same period (2011-2015). Visually inspecting the line for Denmark on the second chart, the value fluctuates between a high point just over 60% in 2011 and a low point slightly below 59% in 2015. Therefore, the estimated range for Denmark's labor share of GDP during these years is 58% to 61%."
},
"196": {
"batch_id": "196",
"question": "Using the PPP conversion factor for Germany (0.96) as a percentage threshold, what is the full range of years between 2000 and 2005 where the share of the population using unimproved sanitation facilities in high-income countries exceeded this value?",
"answer": "2000-2005",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From Chart 1, the PPP conversion factor for Germany in 1990 is 0.96 LCU/int.-$. This value is used as a percentage threshold (0.96%). From the table corresponding to Chart 2, we examine the 'Share of the population using unimproved sanitation facilities' for 'High-income countries' for each year between 2000 and 2005. The values are: 1.002% (2000), 1.263% (2001), 1.216% (2002), 1.168% (2003), 1.120% (2004), and 1.076% (2005). All of these percentages are greater than the 0.96% threshold derived from Germany's PPP factor. Therefore, the condition is met for the entire period available in the table, resulting in the range 2000-2005."
},
"200": {
"batch_id": "200",
"question": "Considering the country with 2.7 rapid tuberculosis diagnostic sites per million people in 2023, during which period was the global share of the population living on less than $3.20 a day approximately ten times this diagnostic rate?",
"answer": "2015-2017",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, South Africa is identified as the country with 2.7 sites providing rapid tuberculosis diagnostics per million people in 2023. The question requires finding a period where a value from the second chart is approximately ten times this rate. The target value is calculated as 2.7 multiplied by 10, which equals 27%. According to the second chart and its corresponding data table, the 'Share of population in poverty ($3.20 a day)' was 27.927% in 2015, 27.196% in 2016, and 25.924% in 2017. The target value of 27% falls within the values recorded for this period, making the estimated range 2015–2017."
},
"60": {
"batch_id": "60",
"question": "During the period when pesticide use per hectare in the United States first exceeded that of China, what was the approximate range of fertilizer use per hectare in Sweden?",
"answer": "95-115 kg",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "According to the 'Pesticide use per hectare' chart, the pesticide usage in the United States surpassed that of China starting around 2012 and remained higher for the subsequent years shown. During this same time frame (2012-2020), the 'Fertilizer use per hectare' chart shows that Sweden's fertilizer consumption fluctuated within a narrow band. The lowest point for Sweden in this period is approximately 100 kg/ha (around 2019), and the highest point is just under 110 kg/ha (around 2013), establishing the range of 100-110 kg."
},
"54": {
"batch_id": "54",
"question": "During the approximate range of years when the United Kingdom's value of imported goods as a share of GDP was above 25% for the second time, what was the corresponding range for Hong Kong's trade in services as a share of GDP?",
"answer": "58% to 68%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on Chart 2, the United Kingdom's value of imported goods as a share of GDP first exceeded 25% around 1974 and then again for a period between approximately 2008 and 2011. During this 2008-2011 period, Chart 1 shows that Hong Kong's trade in services as a share of GDP fluctuated. According to the data, it was 64.993% in 2008, dipped to a minimum of 58.762% in 2009, and then rose to a peak of around 67% by 2011. Therefore, the range for Hong Kong during this period was approximately 58% to 68%."
},
"152": {
"batch_id": "152",
"question": "During the period when Angola's share of population in extreme poverty was decreasing from its peak in 2000 to its subsequent low in 2008, what was the estimated range for the share of India's population with access to electricity?",
"answer": "55% - 75%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "According to Chart 1 and its corresponding data, Angola's share of the population in extreme poverty peaked in the year 2000 at 21.4% and subsequently decreased to a low of 14.6% in 2008. This establishes the period of interest as 2000-2008. Turning to Chart 2, during this same timeframe, the line representing the share of India's population with access to electricity shows a consistent upward trend. By visually estimating from the chart, India's access rate was just under 60% in 2000 and increased to approximately 75% by 2008. Therefore, a reasonable estimated range for India's electricity access during this period is 55% to 75%."
},
"71": {
"batch_id": "71",
"question": "Considering the period when the share of children in employment in Bangladesh was between 16% and 18%, what was the approximate range of annual child deaths in that country?",
"answer": "220000-300000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the first chart and its corresponding data, the share of children in employment in Bangladesh was 17.539% in 2003 and 16.200% in 2006. This establishes the period of interest as 2003-2006, which corresponds to the time when the employment share was between 16% and 18%. According to the second chart, which shows child deaths per year, the number of deaths in Bangladesh during this 2003-2006 period was on a downward trend. Visually estimating from the graph, the values ranged from approximately 310,000 in 2003 to 250,000 in 2006."
},
"40": {
"batch_id": "40",
"question": "Considering the country that reached the highest level of agricultural general services support (over 70%) in the first chart, what is the range of agricultural land per capita for continents that had more than the world average but less than that country's continent in 2010?",
"answer": "0.97-1.11 ha",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, Uruguay is the country that reached over 70% in agricultural general services support, achieving this in 2012 (71.38%) and 2013 (approximately 72.5%). Uruguay is located in South America. The second chart shows that in 2010, South America had 1.38 ha of agricultural land per capita, and the world average was 0.68 ha. The continents with values between the world average and South America's value are Africa (0.97 ha) and North America (1.11 ha). Therefore, the range for these continents is 0.97 ha to 1.11 ha."
},
"22": {
"batch_id": "22",
"question": "During the period when the death rate from diabetes in Mexico was between 50 and 60 per 100,000 people, what was the approximate range of the death rate from falls for Guinea-Bissau?",
"answer": "4.8-6.1",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, the time period is determined from the 'Death rate from diabetes' chart. The rate for Mexico (green line) is observed to be within the 50-60 per 100,000 people band from approximately 2006 until 2014, after which it exceeds 60. Second, using this time frame of 2006-2014, we examine the 'Death rate from falls' chart for Guinea-Bissau (red line). In 2006, the rate was at its peak for this period, at approximately 6.1. It then declined to its lowest point within this period in 2014, at approximately 4.8. Thus, the range of the death rate from falls for Guinea-Bissau during these years is 4.8-6.1."
},
"164": {
"batch_id": "164",
"question": "What was the range of daily calorie supply for Mozambique during the period when Turkmenistan's daily per capita fat supply experienced a continuous decline immediately following its 1993 peak?",
"answer": "1,700-2,000 kcal",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, identify the condition from the second chart. Turkmenistan's daily per capita fat supply is shown to peak in 1993 at over 70g and then experiences a continuous decline until 1996. The data table confirms this trend, with values decreasing from 73.041g in 1993 to 66.956g in 1996, establishing the relevant time frame as 1993-1996. Next, using this time frame, we examine the first chart for Mozambique's daily calorie supply. The table shows a value of 1797.612 kcal in 1993 and a low of 1730.956 kcal in 1994. The chart visually shows the value then rising to just under the 2,000 kcal mark by 1996. Therefore, the estimated range for Mozambique's calorie supply during this period is 1,700-2,000 kcal."
},
"157": {
"batch_id": "157",
"question": "What was the approximate range of adjusted net savings per capita for South Korea during the period when the United Kingdom's adjusted net savings were below zero?",
"answer": "$5,500 - $7,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on Chart 2, the United Kingdom's adjusted net savings fell below zero dollars around the year 2015 and rose back above zero around 2020. This defines the time period of interest as 2015-2020. Examining Chart 1 for this period, South Korea's adjusted net savings per capita reached its lowest point around $5,500 in 2019-2020 and its highest point just under $7,000 in 2018. Therefore, the estimated range for South Korea's adjusted net savings per capita during this timeframe is $5,500 to $7,000."
},
"34": {
"batch_id": "34",
"question": "During the period from 2007 to 2009, when Serbia's drug use disorder death rate experienced its most dramatic peak, what was the estimated range of total annual deaths from this cause in Russia?",
"answer": "10000-12500",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a specific event is identified from Chart 1: the period of Serbia's most dramatic peak in the drug use disorder death rate, which visually occurs between 2007 and 2009. During this time, the rate per 100,000 people surged from approximately 0.8 to over 1.2 and then fell back to around 1.0. Second, this time frame (2007-2009) is used to find a corresponding value range in Chart 2. By examining the line for Russia in Chart 2, we estimate the total annual deaths. Although the provided table data for Russia does not cover these years, the chart shows a declining trend from the 2006 value of 12,602. Visually, the deaths in Russia were approximately 12,000 in 2007, fell to around 11,000 in 2008, and reached about 10,000 in 2009. This establishes an estimated range of 10,000 to 12,500 total deaths for Russia during Serbia's peak period."
},
"10": {
"batch_id": "10",
"question": "What was the range of antibiotic use (in mg/PCU) for the country whose usage consistently remained below the trade openness percentage of Spain in 1949?",
"answer": "2.774 - 3.914",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the bar chart of 'Trade openness in Europe, 1949', Spain's trade openness, defined as the sum of exports and imports as a share of GDP, was 6%. The line chart on 'Antibiotic use in livestock in Europe' shows that only one country, Norway, had antibiotic usage levels that consistently remained below this 6 mg/PCU threshold for the entire period from 2010 to 2015. According to the data for Norway, its usage ranged from a minimum of 2.774 mg/PCU in 2015 to a maximum of 3.914 mg/PCU in 2010."
},
"207": {
"batch_id": "207",
"question": "What was the approximate range of annual patent applications per million people in China during the years when the total annual deaths from drowning in that country were between 60,000 and 70,000?",
"answer": "150-1000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, using the 'Deaths from drowning' chart, we identify the time period when the total annual deaths in China were between 60,000 and 70,000. The line graph for China shows that the number of deaths dropped below 70,000 around 2009 and fell below 60,000 around 2018. This establishes the relevant period as 2009-2018. Next, we refer to the 'Annual patent applications per million people' chart to find the range of values for China during this 2009-2018 period. In 2009, China's patent applications were approximately 150 per million people. By 2018, this figure had risen to approximately 900-950, having surpassed the United States. Therefore, the corresponding range for patent applications is 150-950."
},
"30": {
"batch_id": "30",
"question": "Estimate the range for the share of deaths from homicide in Guyana during the period when the annual number of deaths from HIV/AIDS in South Africa was between 70,000 and 150,000.",
"answer": "1.5% - 2.7%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Number of deaths from HIV/AIDS' chart (Chart 2) where South Africa's annual deaths were between 70,000 and 150,000. Visually inspecting the chart, the number of deaths drops to approximately 150,000 around 2010 and falls to around 70,000 by 2016. This defines our period of interest as 2010-2016. Next, we use the 'Share of deaths from homicide' chart (Chart 1) and its corresponding table to find the range of values for Guyana during this 2010-2016 period. The table provides the following data points for Guyana: 2.061% (2010), 2.300% (2011), 1.514% (2012), 2.488% (2014), 2.338% (2015), and 2.652% (2016). The minimum value in this period is 1.514% and the maximum is 2.652%. Therefore, the estimated range is 1.5% to 2.7%."
},
"50": {
"batch_id": "50",
"question": "During the period when deaths from road injuries in China reached their peak, what was the estimated range of annual deaths from falls in Belarus?",
"answer": "1,250-1,450",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that deaths from road injuries in China peaked between 2001 and 2003, with the highest point in 2002 at approximately 290,780 deaths, as confirmed by the table. During this same period (2001-2003), Chart 1 and its corresponding table show that the annual number of deaths from falls in Belarus ranged from a low of 1,266.76 in 2001 to a high of 1,434.3 in 2002, establishing the estimated range of 1,250-1,450."
},
"231": {
"batch_id": "231",
"question": "During the period from 2005 to 2010, when deaths from alcohol and drug use disorders for the 15-49 age group were consistently decreasing worldwide, what was the estimated range for the share of total births to mothers aged 30-39 in the United States?",
"answer": "33-35%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, a condition is identified from the second chart, 'Alcohol and drug use disorders deaths by age, World, 2000 to 2021'. The data for the '15-49 years' age group shows a period of consistent decrease between 2005 and 2010. The corresponding table confirms this trend, with deaths for this group falling from 153,384 in 2005 to 131,478 in 2010. This establishes the time frame of 2005-2010. Next, we examine the first chart, 'Share of births by age of mother, United States', for this specific period. The line representing mothers '30-39 years old' shows a value of approximately 33% in 2005 and rises to about 35% by 2010. Therefore, the estimated range for the share of births to this group during the specified period is 33-35%."
},
"1": {
"batch_id": "1",
"question": "What was the approximate range of the primary education completion rate in Mozambique during the years when the world's total fertility rate declined from 3.0 to 2.5?",
"answer": "14.5% - 34%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the time period from the 'Total fertility rate' chart. The 'World' fertility rate (brown line) was approximately 3.0 around the year 2000 and declined to approximately 2.5 around the year 2015. This establishes the period of interest as 2000-2015. Next, we look at the 'Completion rate of primary education' chart for Mozambique during this period. According to the corresponding table, Mozambique's completion rate in 2000 was 14.5%. By 2015, the chart shows Mozambique's completion rate had risen to approximately 34%. Therefore, the range of the completion rate for Mozambique during the specified period is 14.5% to 34%."
},
"153": {
"batch_id": "153",
"question": "During the period when Costa Rica's public spending on education as a share of GDP was consistently above 6.5%, what was the estimated range for the share of central government spending funded by taxes in Luxembourg?",
"answer": "57-78%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "According to the second chart, 'Public spending on education as a share of GDP', Costa Rica's spending was consistently above the 6.5% mark during the years 2015 to 2020. In the first chart, 'Share of central government spending funded by taxes', we examine the data for Luxembourg over this same period. The line for Luxembourg shows a peak value of approximately 77% in 2019 and a minimum value of approximately 57% in 2020. Therefore, the estimated range for Luxembourg's share of spending funded by taxes during the specified period is 57-78%."
},
"29": {
"batch_id": "29",
"question": "During the period when the United Kingdom's share of women in the workforce reached its peak according to the historical trend shown in the second chart, what was the approximate range of the female labor force participation rate for Latvia (ages 15-64)?",
"answer": "62-71%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on the second chart ('Share of women in the workforce'), the United Kingdom's participation rate appears to reach its peak in the period between 2000 and 2008, hovering around 60%. In the first chart ('Female labor force participation rate (15-64)'), we examine the rate for Latvia during this same 2000-2008 timeframe. According to the corresponding data table, Latvia's rate was 62.14% in 2000 and rose to a high of 70.34% in 2008. Therefore, the estimated range for Latvia's participation rate during the UK's peak period is 62-71%."
},
"99": {
"batch_id": "99",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the share of irrigated agricultural land in Suriname during the years when South Africa's agricultural land use per person was between 1.5 and 2.0 hectares?",
"answer": "69% - 76%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the relevant time period from the 'Agricultural land use per person' chart. The line for South Africa drops below 2.0 hectares around 2005 and stays above 1.5 hectares until approximately 2015. This establishes the period of interest as 2005-2015. Next, we examine the 'Share of agricultural land which is irrigated' chart for Suriname's data within this 2005-2015 timeframe. According to the chart and its corresponding data table, Suriname's irrigated land percentage reached a low of 69.550% in 2011 and a high of 75.862% in 2015. Therefore, the estimated range for this period is 69% to 76%."
},
"179": {
"batch_id": "179",
"question": "The mean BMI for men in Mexico in 1980 was approximately 24.4. During which range of years did the share of adults with a financial account in Gabon first surpass this value?",
"answer": "2012-2014",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart and its corresponding table, the mean BMI for men in Mexico in 1980 was 24.43. In the second chart, Gabon's share of adults with a financial account was 18.95% in 2011 and rose to 33.01% in 2014. Therefore, the share surpassed the value of 24.43 sometime between the 2011 and 2014 data points. The estimated range for this event is 2012-2014."
},
"2": {
"batch_id": "2",
"question": "During the approximate period from 2015 to 2020, when the share of overweight or obese adults in India was approaching and surpassing that of Japan, what was the corresponding range for the share of adults in Norway who smoke or use tobacco?",
"answer": "15.8-20.5%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The question asks for the range of tobacco use in Norway during the period when the share of overweight adults in India was approaching and surpassing that of Japan. According to the 'Share of adults who are overweight or obese' chart, the prevalence in India begins to converge with and overtake Japan's after 2015. The question specifies the period of interest as 2015-2020. In the 'Share of adults who smoke or use tobacco' chart and its corresponding table, Norway's smoking prevalence was 20.5% in 2015 and declined to 15.8% by 2020. Therefore, the range during this period is 15.8% to 20.5%."
},
"47": {
"batch_id": "47",
"question": "During the years when the number of detected human trafficking victims in the United Kingdom was consistently above 1,000, what was the approximate range of the Human Rights Index for China?",
"answer": "0.19-0.25",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, the number of detected human trafficking victims in the United Kingdom first surpassed 1,000 in 2017 (with 1,304 victims) and continued to rise through 2020. This establishes the relevant time period as 2017-2020. According to the second chart, during this same period (2017-2020), the Human Rights Index for China, represented by the brown line, remained consistently low. A visual estimation of the line's position on the y-axis for these years indicates that the index value was between 0.15 and 0.20."
},
"7": {
"batch_id": "7",
"question": "During the period when the sex gap in life expectancy at age 45 for France was between 4 and 5 years, what was the approximate range of the sex gap in life expectancy at birth for Sri Lanka?",
"answer": "6.5 - 9.6 years",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 2 is used to identify a specific time period based on a condition. The sex gap in life expectancy at age 45 for France was between 4 and 5 years from approximately 2000 to 2010. Next, using this time frame (2000-2010), we examine Chart 1 to find the corresponding range for the sex gap in life expectancy at birth for Sri Lanka. According to the data for Chart 1, Sri Lanka's gap was at its maximum for this period in the year 2000, with a value of 9.518 years. The value then trended downwards, reaching its minimum for the period around 2009-2010, at a value visually estimated from the chart to be approximately 6.5 years. Therefore, the range for Sri Lanka during this period is 6.5 to 9.6 years."
},
"193": {
"batch_id": "193",
"question": "In the year that estimated annual deaths from dengue fever in Asia reached their peak, what was the approximate range of daily antidepressant drug consumption per 1,000 people across the European countries shown (Belgium, Slovenia, France, Hungary)?",
"answer": "28-80",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Dengue fever deaths' chart, the estimated annual deaths in Asia reached their peak around the year 2017, at a value of approximately 28,000. For this year (2017), we examine the 'Antidepressant drug consumption' chart and its corresponding data for the specified European countries. According to the data table and chart, the consumption values in 2017 were: Hungary at 28.8, France at 51.3, and Slovenia at 59.5 DDD per 1,000 people. Belgium's value is estimated from the chart to be approximately 79, as it is just below the 80 mark. The minimum value among these countries is Hungary's (28.8) and the maximum is Belgium's (~79). Therefore, the estimated range is 28-80."
},
"132": {
"batch_id": "132",
"question": "During which range of years did the international financial support for infrastructure for Moldova, a country in one of the two regions with a 14% share of global food loss, exceed that of Papua New Guinea, a country in the other region with a 14% share?",
"answer": "2011–2012",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the bar chart 'Share of global food loss and waste by region, 2009', two regions are shown to have a 14% share each: 'Europe' and 'North America and Oceania'. The line chart 'International financial support to infrastructure, 2011 to 2021' includes countries from both these regions: Moldova (Europe) and Papua New Guinea (Oceania). By comparing the trend lines for these two countries, we can see that Moldova's financial support was greater than Papua New Guinea's only during the first two years of the period. In 2011, Moldova received approximately $140 million versus Papua New Guinea's $110 million. In 2012, Moldova received about $162 million while Papua New Guinea received about $147 million. For all subsequent years shown, Papua New Guinea's support was higher. Therefore, the range of years is 2011–2012."
},
"124": {
"batch_id": "124",
"question": "Considering Italy's peak annual per capita book consumption before 1600, what is the longest continuous range of years where Ireland's annual growth of gross capital formation was positive but numerically less than 1,000 times that peak value?",
"answer": "2014-2016",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify Italy's peak annual per capita book consumption before 1600 from the second chart, \"Annual per capita consumption of books, 1475 to 1775\". The chart and the corresponding table show this peak occurred in 1575 with a value of 0.051. The question then sets a numeric threshold by multiplying this value by 1,000, resulting in an upper bound of 51 (0.051 * 1000). Next, we analyze the first chart, \"Annual growth of the gross capital formation, 2011 to 2021\", to find the longest continuous period where Ireland's growth rate was between 0% and 51%. According to the chart and its data, Ireland's growth was 28.7% in 2014, 50.03% in 2015, and approximately 45% in 2016. This three-year period (2014-2016) is the longest continuous span that meets the condition, as the growth was negative in 2013 and 2017, and exceeded 51% in 2019."
},
"168": {
"batch_id": "168",
"question": "Using the number of ATMs per 100,000 adults in Qatar in 2021, if this value is multiplied by 10,000 to represent a target area in hectares, what is the approximate range of years during which Guyana's certified forest area was consistently above this target?",
"answer": "2020-2022",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, identify the number of ATMs per 100,000 adults in Qatar from the second chart, which is 52. Next, calculate the target forest area by multiplying this value by 10,000, resulting in 520,000 hectares (52 * 10,000). Finally, refer to the first chart and locate the line for Guyana. Visually tracing this line, it crosses above the 520,000-hectare level around the year 2020 and remains above this level through the last data point shown in 2022. Therefore, the estimated range of years is 2020-2022."
},
"76": {
"batch_id": "76",
"question": "What was the approximate range of the female homicide rate in Cuba (per 100,000 women) during the period defined by the year Saint Kitts and Nevis's rate first exceeded Spain's 1701 literacy rate and the year it returned to a similar level?",
"answer": "1.8-2.2",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the second chart ('Estimated historical literacy rates, 1451 to 1701') and its corresponding data table, Spain's estimated literacy rate in 1701 was 8%. From the first chart ('Female homicide rate, 2005 to 2019'), the female homicide rate for Saint Kitts and Nevis first exceeded 8 per 100,000 women in 2016 (at approximately 8.3) and, after a significant peak, returned to a similar level in 2019 (at approximately 8.3). This defines the period of interest as 2016-2019. During this period, the line representing Cuba's female homicide rate on the first chart is shown to fluctuate slightly around the 2 per 100,000 women mark. Visually estimating from the chart, the rate appears to be between approximately 1.8 and 2.2."
},
"20": {
"batch_id": "20",
"question": "During the years where Qatar's per capita fossil-fuel subsidies experienced a sharp decline from over $3,000 to under $500, what was the approximate range of per capita CO₂ emissions for the United States?",
"answer": "15.5-17.0 tonnes",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Based on Chart 1, Qatar's per capita fossil-fuel subsidies were above $3,000 in 2014 (specifically $3,029.33 according to the table) and plummeted to a value below $500 by 2016. This establishes the relevant time frame as 2014-2016. Turning to Chart 2, during this same period, the per capita CO₂ emissions for the United States are visually estimated. The line for the U.S. shows a value of approximately 17.0 tonnes in 2014, which then decreases to about 15.5 tonnes by 2016. Thus, the estimated range of emissions for the United States during this period is 15.5-17.0 tonnes."
},
"83": {
"batch_id": "83",
"question": "In the year that Peru's share of population covered by social protection reached its peak, what was the estimated range of the refugee population originating from Rwanda?",
"answer": "115,000 - 300,000",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the year when Peru's social protection coverage peaked using the second chart, \"Share of population covered by social protection\". The line for Peru clearly shows its highest point in 2012, a value confirmed by the data table as 89.521%. Next, we use this year, 2012, to find the corresponding value in the first chart, \"Refugee population by country or territory of origin\". By locating 2012 on the x-axis and tracing up to the line for Rwanda, we can estimate its refugee population from the y-axis. The point for Rwanda in 2012 is situated below the 500,000 mark, on a rising trend between 2010 and 2015. This places the value within an estimated range of 250,000 to 350,000."
},
"159": {
"batch_id": "159",
"question": "During the period from 2009 to 2012, when India experienced a consistent decline in its annual number of deaths from natural disasters, what was the estimated range for the rate of deaths and missing persons per 100,000 people in Mauritius?",
"answer": "0.6 - 12.0",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows a consistent decreasing trend in the annual number of deaths from natural disasters in India for the period 2009 to 2012. The corresponding table confirms this, with deaths falling from 1,782.76 in 2009 to 332.59 in 2012. During this same timeframe, Chart 1 displays the rate of deaths and missing persons for Mauritius. According to the data for Chart 1, the rate for Mauritius was 11.950 in 2009, 11.060 in 2010, 0.620 in 2011, and 11.100 in 2012. The lowest value in this period was 0.620 and the highest was 11.950, resulting in an estimated range of 0.6 to 12.0 per 100,000 people."
},
"214": {
"batch_id": "214",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the worldwide death rate per 100,000 people from mental and substance use disorders for the 50-69 years age group, during the period when Europe experienced its peak in annual deaths from alcohol and drug use disorders?",
"answer": "9.1-9.8",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that the estimated annual deaths from alcohol and drug use disorders in Europe peaked around the year 2005. The corresponding data table confirms this peak occurred in 2005 with 119,398 deaths. During the period surrounding this peak (2004-2006), Chart 1 and its associated table show that the worldwide death rate from mental and substance use disorders for the 50-69 years age group was 9.619 in 2004, 9.761 in 2005, and 9.198 in 2006. This gives a range of approximately 9.1 to 9.8 deaths per 100,000 people."
},
"165": {
"batch_id": "165",
"question": "Considering the period from 2018 to 2020, where Poland's productivity of small-scale food producers continued its upward trend, what was the estimated range of the implementation score for the Dominican Republic in its efforts to combat illegal fishing?",
"answer": "3.0-4.0",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that Poland's productivity of small-scale food producers increased continuously from 2013 to 2020. The question focuses on the overlapping period of 2018-2020. In Chart 1, the Dominican Republic's implementation score is shown to be 3 in 2018 and increases to 4 by 2022, as confirmed by the data table. The line connecting these points is straight. Therefore, over the span of 2018 to 2020, the score would increase from 3.0 to approximately 3.5 (the midpoint value in 2020 between the 2018 and 2022 data points). This gives an estimated range of 3.0 to 3.5."
},
"137": {
"batch_id": "137",
"question": "What was the approximate range for the share of electric cars in Austria during the period when its share of electricity from wind production was consistently above 10%?",
"answer": "0.2% - 5.0%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, we identify the relevant time period from the second chart, 'Share of electricity production from wind'. Austria's share (the light purple line) is observed to cross the 10% threshold around 2015 and remains consistently above it for the rest of the charted period. Second, we use this time frame (2015 to 2023, which is the last year in the first chart) to find the corresponding range in the first chart, 'Share of cars currently in use that are electric'. For Austria (the blue line), the share in 2015 is visually estimated to be very low, around 0.2% (the table confirms a value of 0.089% in 2014). By 2023, Austria's share has risen to its highest point on the chart, which is visually estimated to be just under 5.0%. Therefore, the range of Austria's electric car share during the specified period is approximately 0.2% to 5.0%."
},
"38": {
"batch_id": "38",
"question": "During the year when female homicides in Honduras reached their peak, what was the approximate range of the sex ratio in life expectancy across all three measured age groups in the United States?",
"answer": "1-2",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "First, Chart 1 is analyzed to find the year when female homicides in Honduras reached their peak. The brown line representing Honduras shows a distinct peak in the year 2012, with the number of homicides exceeding 600. Second, using this year (2012) as the shared condition, we examine Chart 2. For the year 2012, the sex ratio in life expectancy in the United States for the three different age groups is estimated from the graph: the ratio 'At birth' is approximately 1.06, the ratio 'At age 15' is approximately 1.08, and the ratio 'At age 45' is approximately 1.12. The range of these values is therefore 1.06 to 1.12."
},
"260": {
"batch_id": "260",
"question": "In the year when Norway's net portfolio investment reached its peak value between 2000 and 2015, what was the approximate range of the average effective retirement age for men in Germany and the United Kingdom?",
"answer": "62-64",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the first chart, 'Net portfolio investment, 2000 to 2022', Norway's investment reached its highest peak in the year 2008, with a value of approximately $112.4 billion, as confirmed by the provided table. Using this year as the condition, we look at the second chart, 'Average effective age of retirement for men, 1970 to 2018'. In 2008, the line for Germany indicates an average retirement age of approximately 62, while the line for the United Kingdom is at approximately 64. Therefore, the range of the average effective retirement age for men across these two countries in that year was 62-64."
},
"225": {
"batch_id": "225",
"question": "Using the meat yield per animal for pork and beef as a lower and upper bound, what is the corresponding range of CO₂ emission factors for the fossil fuels listed in the first chart?",
"answer": "201.96 kg - 363.6 kg",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "The question requires establishing a numeric range based on values from the 'Kilograms of meat produced per animal' chart and then using that range to find a corresponding range of values in the 'Carbon dioxide emissions factors' chart. First, from the meat production chart, the yield for Pork is 96.1 kg and for Beef is 364.4 kg. These two values create a boundary range from 96.1 to 364.4. Next, we identify all fossil fuels from the first chart whose CO₂ emission factors fall within this range. The fuels that qualify are Natural Gas (201.96 kg), Motor Gasoline (249.48 kg), Aviation Gasoline (252 kg), Jet Gasoline (252 kg), Crude Oil (263.88 kg), Shale Oil (263.88 kg), Diesel Oil (266.76 kg), Bitumen (290.52 kg), Sub-Bituminous Coal (345.96 kg), Anthracite (353.88 kg), and Lignite (363.6 kg). The final answer is the range from the minimum (Natural Gas at 201.96 kg) to the maximum (Lignite at 363.6 kg) emission factor within this selected group."
},
"49": {
"batch_id": "49",
"question": "During the period when the World's stillbirth rate was estimated to be between 1.5% and 2.0%, what was the approximate range for the share of births registered in Ghana?",
"answer": "62.5%–71.2%",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "From the 'Stillbirth rate, 2000 to 2023' chart, the World's average stillbirth rate was estimated to be between 2.0% and 1.5% approximately from 2008 to 2018. The 'Share of births registered, 2003 to 2019' chart shows that during this same period, Ghana's birth registration rate fluctuated. According to the chart and supporting data, Ghana's rate reached a high of 71.2% in 2008 and fell to a low of 62.5% in 2011, defining the approximate range for that period."
},
"105": {
"batch_id": "105",
"question": "What was the estimated range of Germany's annual CO₂ emissions from gas during the 2006-2009 period, which corresponds to a steep decline in its annual GDP growth?",
"answer": "165–185 million tonnes",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows that Germany's annual GDP growth experienced a sharp decline between 2006 and 2009, falling from a peak of over 3% to a low of approximately -5.7%. By examining Chart 1 for this same period (2006-2009), we can determine the range of Germany's annual CO₂ emissions from gas. The emissions fluctuated during these years, reaching a low of approximately 165 million tonnes in 2009 and a peak of about 185 million tonnes in 2008. Therefore, the estimated range for this period is 165–185 million tonnes."
},
"102": {
"batch_id": "102",
"question": "During the period from 2010 to 2011, when Somalia's death rate from malnutrition saw its most significant spike, what was the range of the death rate due to road traffic injuries in the Bahamas?",
"answer": "11.5-13.0",
"question_type": "Reasoning with Range Estimation",
"explanation": "Chart 2 shows a dramatic spike in Somalia's death rate from malnutrition, with the most rapid increase occurring between 2010 and 2011. This period is selected as the condition from the second chart. Chart 1 and its corresponding data table are then used to find the death rate due to road traffic injuries for the Bahamas during this time. According to the table, the rate for the Bahamas in 2010 was 12.7 per 100,000. The rate in 2015 was 8.3. By interpolating the linear trend shown on the chart between the 2010 and 2015 data points, the estimated rate for 2011 is approximately 11.8. Therefore, the range for the period 2010-2011 is from approximately 11.8 to 12.7, which is captured by the range 11.5-13.0."
}
} |