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23. Camelyon 2016: Camelyon grand challenge 2016. https://camelyon16.grand-challenge.org/Data/ (2016). |
24. Tupac16: Tumor proliferation assessment challenge 2017. http://tupac.tue-image.nl/ (2016). |
25. Camelyon 2017: Camelyon grand challenge 2017. https://camelyon17.grand-challenge.org/ (2017). |
26. Breakhis: Breast cancer histopathological database breakhis. http://web.inf.ufpr.br/vri/databases/breast- |
cancerhistopathological-database-breakhis/ (2015). |
9/10 |
27. BRACS: BReAst Carcinoma Subtyping. https://bracs.icar.cnr.it (2021). |
28. Bussola, N., Marcolini, A., Maggio, V., Jurman, G. & Furlanello, C. Ai slipping on tiles: Data leakage in digital pathology |
(2021). |
29. Pati, P. et al. Hact-net: A hierarchical cell-to-tissue graph neural network for histopathological image classification. In |
Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) Workshop on GRaphs in biomedicAl Image |
anaLysis (2020). |
30. Pati, P. et al. Hierarchical graph representations in digital pathology. In Medical Image Analysis (2021). |
31. Jaume, G. et al. Towards explainable graph representations in digital pathology. In International Conference on Machine |
Learning (ICML), Workshop on Computational Biology (2020). |
32. Jaume, G. et al. Quantifying explainers of graph neural networks in computational pathology. In IEEE Conference on |
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2021). |
Acknowledgements |
We would like to acknowledge Engr. Alessandro Manzoni from the IRCCS Fondazione Pascale for his support for management |
of technical instruments. We would like to acknowledge Ph.D Mario Sicuranza from ICAR-CNR for the development and |
technical implementation of the BRACS site. |
Author contributions statement |
National Cancer Institute- IRCCS-Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy |
Anna Maria Anniciello, Gerardo Botti, Maurizio Di Bonito, Florinda Feroce, Giosuè Scognamiglio |
Institute for High Performance Computing and Networking-CNR, Naples, Italy |
Nadia Brancati, Giuseppe De Pietro, Maria Frucci, Daniel Riccio |
IBM Zurich Research Lab, Zurich, Switzerland |
Pushpak Pati, Guillaume Jaume, Antonio Foncubierta, Maria Gabrani |
Contributions |
All authors have provided critical feedback during revision process and actively participated in preparation of the manuscript. |
G.B., G.D.P and M.G. were responsible for the conceptualization of this project. |
A.F and M.F. contributed to the conceptualization and were responsible for execution and management of this project. |
M.D.B. was responsible for the institutional clinical databases and contributed to the annotation process. |
A.M.A. and F.F. contributed to the clinical design of the dataset, data annotations and documentation for the project and |
organization of the validation of results. |
P.P., N.B. and G.J. contributed to the dataset organization and validation. |
G.S. collected cases, extracted and scanned slides from their institutional clinical databases. |
D.R. contributed to the conceptualization of this project. |
10/10 |
3b7867134bfece8fbcbe7de6b6b8d0a98fc0a0185dcfd506256f200f9eef3d5c bracs-paper-arxiv.txt |
{{ Infobox diagnosis |
| Name = {{PAGENAME}} |
| Image = Atypical_ductal_hyperplasia_-_very_high_mag.jpg |
| Width = |
| Caption = Atypical ductal hyperplasia. [[H&E stain]]. (WC/Nephron) |
| Synonyms = |
| Micro = cytologic and architectural features of low-grade DCIS (equal cell spacing, lumina round, variable architecture (classically [[cribriform]] or solid - may be micropapillary or papillary), small nuclei, small indistinct nucleoli); limited extent - either (1) two or less complete ducts, (2) <2 mm in size |
| Subtypes = |
| LMDDx = [[ductal carcinoma in situ]], [[invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast]] |
| Stains = |
| IHC = |
| EM = |
| Molecular = |
| IF = |
| Gross = |
| Grossing = |
| Staging = |
| Site = [[breast]] - see ''[[non-invasive breast carcinoma]]'' |
| Assdx = |
| Syndromes = |
| Clinicalhx = |
| Signs = |
| Symptoms = none |
| Prevalence = relatively common |
| Bloodwork = |
| Rads = suspicious calcifications |
| Endoscopy = |
| Prognosis = benign, increased risk of malignancy |
| Other = |
| ClinDDx = |
| Tx = lumpectomy when found on biopsy, follow-up if on excisional specimen |
}} |
'''Atypical ductal hyperplasia''', abbreviated '''ADH''', is a benign [[breast pathology|breast lesion]] associated with an increased risk of [[malignancy]]. |
==General== |
*Molecular studies have shown it is the same thing as low-grade DCIS; thus, some have called for abolition of the term.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Ghofrani | first1 = M. | last2 = Tapia | first2 = B. | last3 = Tavassoli | first3 = FA. | title = Discrepancies in the diagnosis of intraductal proliferative lesions of t... |
*ADH is considered an indication for a lumpectomy.<ref name=pmid7717215>{{cite journal |author=Liberman L, Cohen MA, Dershaw DD, Abramson AF, Hann LE, Rosen PP |title=Atypical ductal hyperplasia diagnosed at stereotaxic core biopsy of breast lesions: an indication for surgical biopsy |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volum... |
**Two large studies suggest the conversion of an ADH on core biopsy to breast cancer on surgical excision, known as "up-grading", is approximately 30%.<ref name=pmid20619647>{{Cite journal | last1 = Deshaies | first1 = I. | last2 = Provencher | first2 = L. | last3 = Jacob | first3 = S. | last4 = Côté | first4 = G. | l... |
Epidemiology: |
*Relative risk of breast cancer, based on a median follow-up of 8 years, in a case control study of US registered nurses, is 3.7.<ref name=pmid1734106>{{Cite journal | last1 = London | first1 = SJ. | last2 = Connolly | first2 = JL. | last3 = Schnitt | first3 = SJ. | last4 = Colditz | first4 = GA. | title = A prospecti... |
==Microscopic== |
Features: |
*Cytologic and architectural features of low-grade DCIS. |
**Cell spacing ~ equal. |
**Lumina round. |
**Architecture - classically ''cribriform'' or ''solid''; may be ''micropapillary'' or ''papillary''. |
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