arrow_2/tests/private/eval_tests.patch

diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/chunker_internal_test.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/chunker_internal_test.cc
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/chunker_internal_test.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,1704 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "arrow/extension/json.h"
+#include "arrow/table.h"
+#include "arrow/testing/generator.h"
+#include "arrow/type_fwd.h"
+#include "arrow/util/float16.h"
+#include "parquet/arrow/reader.h"
+#include "parquet/arrow/reader_internal.h"
+#include "parquet/arrow/test_util.h"
+#include "parquet/arrow/writer.h"
+#include "parquet/chunker_internal.h"
+#include "parquet/column_writer.h"
+#include "parquet/file_writer.h"
+
+namespace parquet::internal {
+
+using ::arrow::Array;
+using ::arrow::ChunkedArray;
+using ::arrow::ConcatenateTables;
+using ::arrow::DataType;
+using ::arrow::default_memory_pool;
+using ::arrow::Field;
+using ::arrow::Result;
+using ::arrow::Schema;
+using ::arrow::Table;
+using ::arrow::internal::checked_cast;
+using ::arrow::io::BufferReader;
+using ::parquet::arrow::FileReader;
+using ::parquet::arrow::FileReaderBuilder;
+using ::parquet::arrow::MakeSimpleTable;
+using ::parquet::arrow::NonNullArray;
+using ::parquet::arrow::WriteTable;
+
+using ::testing::Bool;
+using ::testing::Combine;
+using ::testing::Values;
+
+// generate determinisic and platform-independent data
+inline uint64_t hash(uint64_t seed, uint64_t index) {
+  uint64_t h = (index + seed) * 0xc4ceb9fe1a85ec53ull;
+  h ^= h >> 33;
+  h *= 0xff51afd7ed558ccdull;
+  h ^= h >> 33;
+  h *= 0xc4ceb9fe1a85ec53ull;
+  h ^= h >> 33;
+  return h;
+}
+
+template <typename BuilderType, typename ValueFunc>
+Result<std::shared_ptr<Array>> GenerateArray(const std::shared_ptr<DataType>& type,
+                                             bool nullable, int64_t length, uint64_t seed,
+                                             ValueFunc value_func) {
+  BuilderType builder(type, default_memory_pool());
+
+  if (nullable) {
+    for (int64_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+      uint64_t val = hash(seed, i);
+      if (val % 10 == 0) {
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(builder.AppendNull());
+      } else {
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(builder.Append(value_func(val)));
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    for (int64_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+      uint64_t val = hash(seed, i);
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(builder.Append(value_func(val)));
+    }
+  }
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Array> array;
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(builder.Finish(&array));
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(array->ValidateFull());
+  return array;
+}
+
+#define GENERATE_CASE(TYPE_ID, BUILDER_TYPE, VALUE_EXPR)                          \
+  case ::arrow::Type::TYPE_ID: {                                                  \
+    auto value_func = [](uint64_t val) { return VALUE_EXPR; };                    \
+    return GenerateArray<BUILDER_TYPE>(type, nullable, length, seed, value_func); \
+  }
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<Array>> GenerateArray(const std::shared_ptr<Field>& field,
+                                             int64_t length, int64_t seed) {
+  const std::shared_ptr<DataType>& type = field->type();
+  bool nullable = field->nullable();
+
+  switch (type->id()) {
+    GENERATE_CASE(BOOL, ::arrow::BooleanBuilder, (val % 2 == 0))
+
+    // Numeric types.
+    GENERATE_CASE(INT8, ::arrow::Int8Builder, static_cast<int8_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(INT16, ::arrow::Int16Builder, static_cast<int16_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(INT32, ::arrow::Int32Builder, static_cast<int32_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(INT64, ::arrow::Int64Builder, static_cast<int64_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(UINT8, ::arrow::UInt8Builder, static_cast<uint8_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(UINT16, ::arrow::UInt16Builder, static_cast<uint16_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(UINT32, ::arrow::UInt32Builder, static_cast<uint32_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(UINT64, ::arrow::UInt64Builder, static_cast<uint64_t>(val))
+    GENERATE_CASE(HALF_FLOAT, ::arrow::HalfFloatBuilder,
+                  static_cast<uint16_t>(val % 1000))
+    GENERATE_CASE(FLOAT, ::arrow::FloatBuilder, static_cast<float>(val % 1000) / 1000.0f)
+    GENERATE_CASE(DOUBLE, ::arrow::DoubleBuilder,
+                  static_cast<double>(val % 100000) / 1000.0)
+    case ::arrow::Type::DECIMAL128: {
+      const auto& decimal_type = checked_cast<const ::arrow::Decimal128Type&>(*type);
+      // Limit the value to fit within the specified precision
+      int32_t max_exponent = decimal_type.precision() - decimal_type.scale();
+      int64_t max_value = static_cast<int64_t>(std::pow(10, max_exponent) - 1);
+      auto value_func = [&](uint64_t val) {
+        return ::arrow::Decimal128(val % max_value);
+      };
+      return GenerateArray<::arrow::Decimal128Builder>(type, nullable, length, seed,
+                                                       value_func);
+    }
+    case ::arrow::Type::DECIMAL256: {
+      const auto& decimal_type = checked_cast<const ::arrow::Decimal256Type&>(*type);
+      // Limit the value to fit within the specified precision, capped at 9 to avoid
+      // int64_t overflow
+      int32_t max_exponent = std::min(9, decimal_type.precision() - decimal_type.scale());
+      int64_t max_value = static_cast<int64_t>(std::pow(10, max_exponent) - 1);
+      auto value_func = [&](uint64_t val) {
+        return ::arrow::Decimal256(val % max_value);
+      };
+      return GenerateArray<::arrow::Decimal256Builder>(type, nullable, length, seed,
+                                                       value_func);
+    }
+
+      // Temporal types
+      GENERATE_CASE(DATE32, ::arrow::Date32Builder, static_cast<int32_t>(val))
+      GENERATE_CASE(TIME32, ::arrow::Time32Builder,
+                    std::abs(static_cast<int32_t>(val) % 86400000))
+      GENERATE_CASE(TIME64, ::arrow::Time64Builder,
+                    std::abs(static_cast<int64_t>(val) % 86400000000))
+      GENERATE_CASE(TIMESTAMP, ::arrow::TimestampBuilder, static_cast<int64_t>(val))
+      GENERATE_CASE(DURATION, ::arrow::DurationBuilder, static_cast<int64_t>(val))
+
+      // Binary and string types.
+      GENERATE_CASE(STRING, ::arrow::StringBuilder,
+                    std::string("str_") + std::to_string(val))
+      GENERATE_CASE(LARGE_STRING, ::arrow::LargeStringBuilder,
+                    std::string("str_") + std::to_string(val))
+      GENERATE_CASE(BINARY, ::arrow::BinaryBuilder,
+                    std::string("bin_") + std::to_string(val))
+      GENERATE_CASE(LARGE_BINARY, ::arrow::LargeBinaryBuilder,
+                    std::string("bin_") + std::to_string(val))
+    case ::arrow::Type::FIXED_SIZE_BINARY: {
+      auto size =
+          checked_cast<const ::arrow::FixedSizeBinaryType*>(type.get())->byte_width();
+      auto value_func = [size](uint64_t val) {
+        return std::string("bin_") + std::to_string(val).substr(0, size - 4);
+      };
+      return GenerateArray<::arrow::FixedSizeBinaryBuilder>(type, nullable, length, seed,
+                                                            value_func);
+    }
+
+    case ::arrow::Type::STRUCT: {
+      auto struct_type = checked_cast<const ::arrow::StructType*>(type.get());
+      std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Array>> child_arrays;
+      for (auto i = 0; i < struct_type->num_fields(); i++) {
+        ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto child_array, GenerateArray(struct_type->field(i),
+                                                              length, seed + i * 10));
+        child_arrays.push_back(child_array);
+      }
+      auto struct_array =
+          std::make_shared<::arrow::StructArray>(type, length, child_arrays);
+      return struct_array;
+    }
+
+    case ::arrow::Type::LIST: {
+      // Repeat the same pattern in the list array:
+      // null, empty list, list of 1 element, list of 3 elements
+      if (length % 4 != 0) {
+        return Status::Invalid(
+            "Length must be divisible by 4 when generating list arrays, but got: ",
+            length);
+      }
+      auto values_array_length = length * 4;
+      auto list_type = checked_cast<const ::arrow::ListType*>(type.get());
+      auto value_field = ::arrow::field("item", list_type->value_type());
+      ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto values_array,
+                            GenerateArray(value_field, values_array_length, seed));
+      auto offset_builder = ::arrow::Int32Builder();
+      auto bitmap_builder = ::arrow::TypedBufferBuilder<bool>();
+
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Reserve(length + 1));
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(bitmap_builder.Reserve(length));
+
+      int32_t num_nulls = 0;
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Append(0));
+      for (auto offset = 0; offset < length; offset += 4) {
+        if (nullable) {
+          // add a null
+          RETURN_NOT_OK(bitmap_builder.Append(false));
+          RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Append(offset));
+          num_nulls += 1;
+        } else {
+          // add an empty list
+          RETURN_NOT_OK(bitmap_builder.Append(true));
+          RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Append(offset));
+        }
+        // add an empty list
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(bitmap_builder.Append(true));
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Append(offset));
+        // add a list of 1 element
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(bitmap_builder.Append(true));
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Append(offset + 1));
+        // add a list of 3 elements
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(bitmap_builder.Append(true));
+        RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Append(offset + 4));
+      }
+
+      std::shared_ptr<Array> offsets_array;
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(offset_builder.Finish(&offsets_array));
+      std::shared_ptr<Buffer> bitmap_buffer;
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(bitmap_builder.Finish(&bitmap_buffer));
+      ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(
+          auto list_array, ::arrow::ListArray::FromArrays(
+                               type, *offsets_array, *values_array, default_memory_pool(),
+                               bitmap_buffer, num_nulls));
+      RETURN_NOT_OK(list_array->ValidateFull());
+      return list_array;
+    }
+
+    case ::arrow::Type::EXTENSION: {
+      auto extension_type = checked_cast<const ::arrow::ExtensionType*>(type.get());
+      auto storage_type = extension_type->storage_type();
+      auto storage_field = ::arrow::field("storage", storage_type, true);
+      ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto storage_array,
+                            GenerateArray(storage_field, length, seed));
+      return ::arrow::ExtensionType::WrapArray(type, storage_array);
+    }
+
+    default:
+      return ::arrow::Status::NotImplemented("Unsupported data type " + type->ToString());
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(TestGenerateArray, Integer) {
+  auto field = ::arrow::field("a", ::arrow::int32());
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto array, GenerateArray(field, /*length=*/10, /*seed=*/0));
+  ASSERT_OK(array->ValidateFull());
+  ASSERT_EQ(array->length(), 10);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(array->type()->Equals(::arrow::int32()));
+  ASSERT_EQ(array->null_count(), 1);
+}
+
+TEST(TestGenerateArray, ListOfInteger) {
+  auto field = ::arrow::field("a", ::arrow::list(::arrow::int32()));
+  auto length = 12;
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto array, GenerateArray(field, length, /*seed=*/0));
+  ASSERT_OK(array->ValidateFull());
+  ASSERT_EQ(array->length(), length);
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 12; i += 4) {
+    // Assert the first element is null
+    ASSERT_TRUE(array->IsNull(i));
+
+    // Assert the second element is an empty list
+    ASSERT_TRUE(array->IsValid(i + 1));
+    auto list_array = std::static_pointer_cast<::arrow::ListArray>(array);
+    ASSERT_EQ(list_array->value_length(i + 1), 0);
+
+    // Assert the third element has length 1
+    ASSERT_TRUE(array->IsValid(i + 2));
+    ASSERT_EQ(list_array->value_length(i + 2), 1);
+
+    // Assert the fourth element has length 3
+    ASSERT_TRUE(array->IsValid(i + 3));
+    ASSERT_EQ(list_array->value_length(i + 3), 3);
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_NOT_OK(GenerateArray(field, 3, /*seed=*/0));
+  ASSERT_OK(GenerateArray(field, 8, /*seed=*/0));
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> GenerateTable(
+    const std::shared_ptr<::arrow::Schema>& schema, int64_t size, int64_t seed = 0) {
+  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Array>> arrays;
+  for (const auto& field : schema->fields()) {
+    ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto array, GenerateArray(field, size, ++seed));
+    arrays.push_back(array);
+  }
+  return Table::Make(schema, arrays, size);
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> ConcatAndCombine(
+    const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Table>>& parts) {
+  // Concatenate and combine chunks so the table doesn't carry information about
+  // the modification points
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto table, ConcatenateTables(parts));
+  return table->CombineChunks();
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<Table>> ReadTableFromBuffer(const std::shared_ptr<Buffer>& data) {
+  std::shared_ptr<Table> result;
+  FileReaderBuilder builder;
+  std::unique_ptr<FileReader> reader;
+  auto props = default_arrow_reader_properties();
+  props.set_arrow_extensions_enabled(true);
+
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(builder.Open(std::make_shared<BufferReader>(data)));
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(builder.memory_pool(::arrow::default_memory_pool())
+                    ->properties(props)
+                    ->Build(&reader));
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(reader->ReadTable(&result));
+  return result;
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<Buffer>> WriteTableToBuffer(
+    const std::shared_ptr<Table>& table, int64_t min_chunk_size, int64_t max_chunk_size,
+    int64_t row_group_length = 1024 * 1024, bool enable_dictionary = false,
+    ParquetDataPageVersion data_page_version = ParquetDataPageVersion::V1) {
+  auto sink = CreateOutputStream();
+
+  auto builder = WriterProperties::Builder();
+  builder.enable_content_defined_chunking()->content_defined_chunking_options(
+      {min_chunk_size, max_chunk_size, /*norm_level=*/0});
+  builder.data_page_version(data_page_version);
+  if (enable_dictionary) {
+    builder.enable_dictionary();
+  } else {
+    builder.disable_dictionary();
+  }
+  auto write_props = builder.build();
+  auto arrow_props = ArrowWriterProperties::Builder().store_schema()->build();
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(WriteTable(*table, default_memory_pool(), sink, row_group_length,
+                           write_props, arrow_props));
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto buffer, sink->Finish());
+
+  // validate that the data correctly roundtrips
+  ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto readback, ReadTableFromBuffer(buffer));
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(readback->ValidateFull());
+  ARROW_RETURN_IF(!readback->Equals(*table),
+                  Status::Invalid("Readback table not equal to original"));
+
+  return buffer;
+}
+
+// Type to represent a list of chunks where each element is the size of the chunk.
+using ChunkList = std::vector<int64_t>;
+
+// Type to represent the sizes and lengths of the data pages in a column.
+
+struct ColumnInfo {
+  ChunkList page_lengths;
+  ChunkList page_sizes;
+  bool has_dictionary_page = false;
+};
+
+using ParquetInfo = std::vector<ColumnInfo>;
+
+ParquetInfo GetColumnParquetInfo(const std::shared_ptr<Buffer>& data, int column_index) {
+  // Read the parquet data out of the buffer and get the sizes and lengths of the
+  // data pages in given column. We assert on the sizes and lengths of the pages
+  // to ensure that the chunking is done correctly.
+  ParquetInfo result;
+
+  auto buffer_reader = std::make_shared<BufferReader>(data);
+  auto parquet_reader = ParquetFileReader::Open(std::move(buffer_reader));
+
+  auto metadata = parquet_reader->metadata();
+  for (int rg = 0; rg < metadata->num_row_groups(); rg++) {
+    auto page_reader = parquet_reader->RowGroup(rg)->GetColumnPageReader(column_index);
+    ColumnInfo column_info;
+    while (auto page = page_reader->NextPage()) {
+      if (page->type() == PageType::DATA_PAGE || page->type() == PageType::DATA_PAGE_V2) {
+        auto data_page = static_cast<DataPage*>(page.get());
+        column_info.page_sizes.push_back(data_page->uncompressed_size());
+        column_info.page_lengths.push_back(data_page->num_values());
+      } else if (page->type() == PageType::DICTIONARY_PAGE) {
+        column_info.has_dictionary_page = true;
+      }
+    }
+    result.push_back(column_info);
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+// A git-hunk like side-by-side data structure to represent the differences between two
+// vectors of uint64_t values.
+using ChunkDiff = std::pair<ChunkList, ChunkList>;
+
+/**
+ * Finds the differences between two sequences of chunk lengths or sizes.
+ * Uses a longest common subsequence algorithm to identify matching elements
+ * and extract the differences between the sequences.
+ *
+ * @param first The first sequence of chunk values
+ * @param second The second sequence of chunk values
+ * @return A vector of differences, where each difference is a pair of
+ *         subsequences (one from each input) that differ
+ */
+std::vector<ChunkDiff> FindDifferences(const ChunkList& first, const ChunkList& second) {
+  // Compute the longest common subsequence using dynamic programming
+  size_t n = first.size(), m = second.size();
+  std::vector<std::vector<size_t>> dp(n + 1, std::vector<size_t>(m + 1, 0));
+
+  // Fill the dynamic programming table
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+    for (size_t j = 0; j < m; j++) {
+      if (first[i] == second[j]) {
+        // If current elements match, extend the LCS
+        dp[i + 1][j + 1] = dp[i][j] + 1;
+      } else {
+        // If current elements don't match, take the best option
+        dp[i + 1][j + 1] = std::max(dp[i + 1][j], dp[i][j + 1]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Backtrack through the dynamic programming table to reconstruct the common
+  // parts and their positions in the original sequences
+  std::vector<std::pair<size_t, size_t>> common;
+  for (size_t i = n, j = m; i > 0 && j > 0;) {
+    if (first[i - 1] == second[j - 1]) {
+      // Found a common element, add to common list
+      common.emplace_back(i - 1, j - 1);
+      i--, j--;
+    } else if (dp[i - 1][j] >= dp[i][j - 1]) {
+      // Move in the direction of the larger LCS value
+      i--;
+    } else {
+      j--;
+    }
+  }
+  // Reverse to get indices in ascending order
+  std::reverse(common.begin(), common.end());
+
+  // Build the differences by finding sequences between common elements
+  std::vector<ChunkDiff> result;
+  size_t last_i = 0, last_j = 0;
+  for (auto& c : common) {
+    auto ci = c.first;
+    auto cj = c.second;
+    // If there's a gap between the last common element and this one,
+    // record the difference
+    if (ci > last_i || cj > last_j) {
+      result.push_back({{first.begin() + last_i, first.begin() + ci},
+                        {second.begin() + last_j, second.begin() + cj}});
+    }
+    // Move past this common element
+    last_i = ci + 1;
+    last_j = cj + 1;
+  }
+
+  // Handle any remaining elements after the last common element
+  if (last_i < n || last_j < m) {
+    result.push_back(
+        {{first.begin() + last_i, first.end()}, {second.begin() + last_j, second.end()}});
+  }
+
+  // Post-process: merge adjacent diffs to avoid splitting single changes into multiple
+  // parts
+  std::vector<ChunkDiff> merged;
+  for (auto& diff : result) {
+    if (!merged.empty()) {
+      auto& prev = merged.back();
+      // Check if we can merge with the previous diff
+      bool can_merge_a = prev.first.empty() && diff.second.empty();
+      bool can_merge_b = prev.second.empty() && diff.first.empty();
+      if (can_merge_a) {
+        // Combine into one diff: keep prev's second, use diff's first
+        prev.first = std::move(diff.first);
+        continue;
+      } else if (can_merge_b) {
+        // Combine into one diff: keep prev's first, use diff's second
+        prev.second = std::move(diff.second);
+        continue;
+      }
+    }
+    // If we can't merge, add this diff to the result
+    merged.push_back(std::move(diff));
+  }
+  return merged;
+}
+
+void PrintDifferences(const ChunkList& original, const ChunkList& modified,
+                      const std::vector<ChunkDiff>& diffs) {
+  // Utility function to print the original and modified sequences, and the diffs
+  // between them. Used in case of failing assertions to display the differences.
+  std::cout << "Original: ";
+  for (const auto& val : original) {
+    std::cout << val << " ";
+  }
+  std::cout << std::endl;
+
+  std::cout << "Modified: ";
+  for (const auto& val : modified) {
+    std::cout << val << " ";
+  }
+  std::cout << std::endl;
+
+  for (const auto& diff : diffs) {
+    std::cout << "First: ";
+    for (const auto& val : diff.first) {
+      std::cout << val << " ";
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    std::cout << "Second: ";
+    for (const auto& val : diff.second) {
+      std::cout << val << " ";
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+  }
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, Basic) {
+  ChunkList first = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  ChunkList second = {1, 7, 8, 4, 5};
+
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(first, second);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].first, ChunkList({2, 3}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].second, ChunkList({7, 8}));
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, MultipleDifferences) {
+  ChunkList first = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
+  ChunkList second = {1, 8, 9, 4, 10, 6, 11};
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(first, second);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), 3);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].first, ChunkList({2, 3}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].second, ChunkList({8, 9}));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[1].first, ChunkList({5}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[1].second, ChunkList({10}));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[2].first, ChunkList({7}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[2].second, ChunkList({11}));
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, DifferentLengths) {
+  ChunkList first = {1, 2, 3};
+  ChunkList second = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(first, second);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), 1);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(diffs[0].first.empty());
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].second, ChunkList({4, 5}));
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, ChangesAtBothEnds) {
+  ChunkList first = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
+  ChunkList second = {0, 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 7, 8};
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(first, second);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), 3);
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].first, ChunkList({1}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].second, ChunkList({0, 0}));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[1].first, ChunkList({6}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[1].second, ChunkList({7}));
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[2].first, ChunkList({9}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[2].second, ChunkList({}));
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, EmptyArrays) {
+  ChunkList first = {};
+  ChunkList second = {};
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(first, second);
+  ASSERT_TRUE(diffs.empty());
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, LongSequenceWithSingleDifference) {
+  ChunkList first = {
+      1994, 2193, 2700, 1913, 2052,
+  };
+  ChunkList second = {2048, 43, 2080, 2700, 1913, 2052};
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(first, second);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].first, ChunkList({1994, 2193}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].second, ChunkList({2048, 43, 2080}));
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, LongSequenceWithMiddleChanges) {
+  ChunkList first = {2169, 1976, 2180, 2147, 1934, 1772,
+                     1914, 2075, 2154, 1940, 1934, 1970};
+  ChunkList second = {2169, 1976, 2180, 2147, 2265, 1804,
+                      1717, 1925, 2122, 1940, 1934, 1970};
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(first, second);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].first, ChunkList({1934, 1772, 1914, 2075, 2154}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].second, ChunkList({2265, 1804, 1717, 1925, 2122}));
+}
+
+TEST(TestFindDifferences, AdditionalCase) {
+  ChunkList original = {445, 312, 393, 401, 410, 138, 558, 457};
+  ChunkList modified = {445, 312, 393, 393, 410, 138, 558, 457};
+
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(original, modified);
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), 1);
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].first, ChunkList({401}));
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs[0].second, ChunkList({393}));
+}
+
+void AssertPageLengthDifferences(const ColumnInfo& original, const ColumnInfo& modified,
+                                 int32_t exact_number_of_equal_diffs,
+                                 int32_t exact_number_of_larger_diffs,
+                                 int32_t exact_number_of_smaller_diffs,
+                                 const std::shared_ptr<ChunkedArray>& edit_array) {
+  // Asserts that the differences between the original and modified page lengths
+  // are as expected. A longest common subsequence diff is calculated on the original
+  // and modified sequences of page lengths. The exact_number_of_equal_diffs,
+  // exact_number_of_larger_diffs, and exact_number_of_smaller_diffs parameters specify
+  // the expected number of differences with equal, larger, and smaller sums of the page
+  // lengths respectively. The edit_length parameter is used to verify that the page
+  // lenght differences are exactly equal to the edit_length.
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(original.page_lengths, modified.page_lengths);
+
+  // Note, the assertion function assumes that all edits are made using the same edit
+  // array, this could be improved by passing a list of edit arrays to the function
+  // and calculating the edit length for each edit array.
+  int64_t edit_length = edit_array->length();
+  if (::arrow::is_list_like(edit_array->type()->id())) {
+    // add null and empty lists to the edit length because the page length corresponds to
+    // the number of def/rep levels rather than the number of elements in the array
+    for (auto chunk : edit_array->chunks()) {
+      auto list_array = checked_cast<const ::arrow::ListArray*>(chunk.get());
+      for (int i = 0; i < list_array->length(); i++) {
+        if (list_array->IsNull(i) || (list_array->value_length(i) == 0)) {
+          edit_length++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  size_t expected_number_of_diffs = exact_number_of_equal_diffs +
+                                    exact_number_of_larger_diffs +
+                                    exact_number_of_smaller_diffs;
+  if (diffs.size() != expected_number_of_diffs) {
+    PrintDifferences(original.page_lengths, modified.page_lengths, diffs);
+  }
+  if (diffs.size() == 0) {
+    // no differences found, the arrays are equal
+    ASSERT_TRUE(original.page_lengths == modified.page_lengths);
+  }
+  ASSERT_EQ(diffs.size(), expected_number_of_diffs);
+
+  int32_t equal_diffs = 0;
+  int32_t larger_diffs = 0;
+  int32_t smaller_diffs = 0;
+  for (const auto& diff : diffs) {
+    int64_t original_sum = 0, modified_sum = 0;
+    for (const auto& val : diff.first) original_sum += val;
+    for (const auto& val : diff.second) modified_sum += val;
+
+    if (original_sum == modified_sum) {
+      equal_diffs++;
+    } else if (original_sum < modified_sum) {
+      larger_diffs++;
+      ASSERT_EQ(original_sum + edit_length, modified_sum);
+    } else if (original_sum > modified_sum) {
+      smaller_diffs++;
+      ASSERT_EQ(original_sum, modified_sum + edit_length);
+    }
+  }
+
+  ASSERT_EQ(equal_diffs, exact_number_of_equal_diffs);
+  ASSERT_EQ(larger_diffs, exact_number_of_larger_diffs);
+  ASSERT_EQ(smaller_diffs, exact_number_of_smaller_diffs);
+}
+
+void AssertPageLengthDifferences(const ColumnInfo& original, const ColumnInfo& modified,
+                                 int32_t max_number_of_equal_diffs) {
+  // A less restrictive version of the above assertion function mainly used to
+  // assert the update case.
+  auto diffs = FindDifferences(original.page_lengths, modified.page_lengths);
+  if (diffs.size() > static_cast<size_t>(max_number_of_equal_diffs)) {
+    PrintDifferences(original.page_lengths, modified.page_lengths, diffs);
+  }
+  ASSERT_LE(diffs.size(), static_cast<size_t>(max_number_of_equal_diffs));
+
+  for (const auto& diff : diffs) {
+    int64_t left_sum = 0, right_sum = 0;
+    for (const auto& val : diff.first) left_sum += val;
+    for (const auto& val : diff.second) right_sum += val;
+    // This is only used from the UpdateOnce and UpdateTwice test cases where the edit(s)
+    // don't change the length of the original array, only update the value. This happens
+    // to apply to the list types as well because of the consistent array data generation.
+    ASSERT_EQ(left_sum, right_sum);
+  }
+
+  if (diffs.size() == 0) {
+    // no differences found, the arrays are equal
+    ASSERT_TRUE(original.page_lengths == modified.page_lengths);
+  }
+}
+
+Result<int64_t> CalculateCdcSize(const std::shared_ptr<Array>& array, bool nullable) {
+  // calculate the CDC chunk size based on the array elements belonging to a parquet page
+  auto type_id = array->type()->id();
+
+  int64_t result = 0;
+  if (::arrow::is_fixed_width(type_id)) {
+    int64_t element_size;
+    if (array->type()->id() == ::arrow::Type::BOOL) {
+      // the CDC chunker increments the chunk size by 1 for each boolean element
+      element_size = 1;
+    } else {
+      element_size = array->type()->byte_width();
+    }
+    auto valid_elements = array->length() - array->null_count();
+    result = valid_elements * element_size;
+  } else if (::arrow::is_binary_like(type_id)) {
+    auto binary_array = checked_cast<const ::arrow::BinaryArray*>(array.get());
+    result += binary_array->total_values_length();
+  } else if (::arrow::is_large_binary_like(type_id)) {
+    auto binary_array = checked_cast<const ::arrow::LargeBinaryArray*>(array.get());
+    result += binary_array->total_values_length();
+  } else {
+    return Status::NotImplemented("CDC size calculation for type ",
+                                  array->type()->ToString(), " is not implemented");
+  }
+
+  if (nullable) {
+    // in case of nullable types chunk size is calculated from def_levels and
+    // the valid values
+    return result + array->length() * sizeof(uint16_t);
+  } else {
+    // for non-nullable types the chunk size is calculated purely from the values
+    return result;
+  }
+}
+
+Result<int64_t> CalculateCdcSize(const std::shared_ptr<::arrow::ChunkedArray>& array,
+                                 bool nullable) {
+  int64_t result = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < array->num_chunks(); i++) {
+    ARROW_ASSIGN_OR_RAISE(auto chunk_size, CalculateCdcSize(array->chunk(i), nullable));
+    result += chunk_size;
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+void AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(const std::shared_ptr<::arrow::ChunkedArray>& array,
+                                    const ColumnInfo& column_info, bool nullable,
+                                    int64_t min_chunk_size, int64_t max_chunk_size,
+                                    bool expect_dictionary_page) {
+  // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+
+  // the test tables are combined in the test cases so we expect only a single chunk
+  auto type_id = array->type()->id();
+
+  // check for the dictionary page if expected
+  if (type_id == ::arrow::Type::BOOL) {
+    ASSERT_FALSE(column_info.has_dictionary_page);
+  } else {
+    ASSERT_EQ(column_info.has_dictionary_page, expect_dictionary_page);
+    ASSERT_EQ(column_info.has_dictionary_page, expect_dictionary_page);
+  }
+
+  if (::arrow::is_fixed_width(type_id) || ::arrow::is_base_binary_like(type_id)) {
+    int64_t offset = 0;
+
+    auto page_lengths = column_info.page_lengths;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < page_lengths.size() - 1; i++) {
+      // since CDC chunking is applied on the logical values before any parquet encoding
+      // we first slice the array to get the logical array and then calculate the CDC
+      // chunk size based on that
+      auto page_length = page_lengths[i];
+      auto array_chunk = array->Slice(offset, page_length);
+      offset += page_length;
+
+      ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto cdc_chunk_size, CalculateCdcSize(array_chunk, nullable));
+      ASSERT_GE(cdc_chunk_size, min_chunk_size);
+      ASSERT_LE(cdc_chunk_size, max_chunk_size);
+    }
+
+    auto last_page_length = page_lengths.back();
+    auto last_array_chunk = array->Slice(offset, last_page_length);
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto last_cdc_chunk_size,
+                         CalculateCdcSize(last_array_chunk, nullable));
+    // min chunk size is not guaranteed for the last chunk, only check that it is not
+    // larger than the max chunk size
+    ASSERT_LE(last_cdc_chunk_size, max_chunk_size);
+
+    // the sum of the page lengths should be equal to the length of the array
+    offset += last_page_length;
+    ASSERT_EQ(offset, array->length());
+  }
+
+  // TODO(kszucs): have approximate size assertions for variable length types because
+  // we cannot calculate accurate CDC chunk sizes for list-like types without actually
+  // scanning the data and reimplementing the logic from the CDC chunker
+}
+
+class TestCDC : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  static constexpr int64_t kMinChunkSize = 4 * 1024;
+  static constexpr int64_t kMaxChunkSize = 16 * 1024;
+  uint64_t GetRollingHashMask(const ContentDefinedChunker& cdc) const {
+    return cdc.GetRollingHashMask();
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_F(TestCDC, ChunkSizeParameterValidation) {
+  // Test that constructor validates min/max chunk size parameters
+  auto li = LevelInfo();
+
+  ASSERT_NO_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 256 * 1024, 1024 * 1024));
+
+  // with norm_level=0 the difference between min and max chunk size must be
+  // at least 16
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 0, -1), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1024, 512), ParquetException);
+
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, -1, 0), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 0, 0), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 0, 16), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_NO_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 0, 32));
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, -16, -16), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 16, 0), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 32, 32), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 32, 48), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_NO_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 32, 64));
+  ASSERT_NO_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1024 * 1024, 2 * 1024 * 1024));
+  ASSERT_NO_THROW(
+      ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1024 * 1024 * 1024L, 2LL * 1024 * 1024 * 1024L));
+
+  // with norm_level=1 the difference between min and max chunk size must be
+  // at least 64
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1, -1, 1), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, -1, 1, 1), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1, 1, 1), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1, 32, 1), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1, 33, 1), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_NO_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 1, 65, 1));
+
+  // with norm_level=2 the difference between min and max chunk size must be
+  // at least 128
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 0, 123, 2), ParquetException);
+  ASSERT_NO_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(li, 0, 128, 2));
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestCDC, RollingHashMaskCalculation) {
+  auto le = LevelInfo();
+  auto min_size = 256 * 1024;
+  auto max_size = 1024 * 1024;
+
+  auto cdc0 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, min_size, max_size, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc0), 0xFFFE000000000000);
+
+  auto cdc1 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, min_size, max_size, 1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc1), 0xFFFC000000000000);
+
+  auto cdc2 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, min_size, max_size, 2);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc2), 0xFFF8000000000000);
+
+  auto cdc3 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, min_size, max_size, 3);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc3), 0xFFF0000000000000);
+
+  auto cdc4 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, min_size, max_size, -1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc4), 0xFFFF000000000000);
+
+  // check that mask bits are between 1 and 63 after adjusting with the 8 hash tables
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(le, 0, 16, 0), ParquetException);
+
+  auto cdc5 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, 0, 32, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc5), 0x8000000000000000);
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(le, 0, 32, 1), ParquetException);
+
+  auto cdc6 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, 0, 64, 0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc6), 0xC000000000000000);
+
+  auto cdc7 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, 0, 16, -1);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc7), 0x8000000000000000);
+
+  // another unrealistic case, checking for the validation
+  ASSERT_THROW(ContentDefinedChunker(le, 128, 384, -60), ParquetException);
+  auto cdc8 = ContentDefinedChunker(le, 128, 384, -59);
+  ASSERT_EQ(GetRollingHashMask(cdc8), 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFE);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestCDC, WriteSingleColumnParquetFile) {
+  // Define the schema with a single column "number"
+  auto schema = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<schema::GroupNode>(schema::GroupNode::Make(
+      "root", Repetition::REQUIRED,
+      {schema::PrimitiveNode::Make("number", Repetition::REQUIRED, Type::INT32)}));
+
+  auto sink = CreateOutputStream();
+  auto builder = WriterProperties::Builder();
+  auto props = builder.enable_content_defined_chunking()->build();
+
+  auto writer = ParquetFileWriter::Open(sink, schema, props);
+  auto row_group_writer = writer->AppendRowGroup();
+
+  // Create a column writer for the "number" column
+  auto column_writer = row_group_writer->NextColumn();
+  auto& int_column_writer = dynamic_cast<Int32Writer&>(*column_writer);
+
+  std::vector<int32_t> numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+  std::vector<uint8_t> valid_bits = {1, 0, 1, 0, 1};
+
+  auto expected_msg = ::testing::Property(
+      &ParquetException::what,
+      ::testing::HasSubstr(""
+                           ""));
+  EXPECT_THROW_THAT(
+      [&]() {
+        int_column_writer.WriteBatch(numbers.size(), nullptr, nullptr, numbers.data());
+      },
+      ParquetException, expected_msg);
+  EXPECT_THROW_THAT(
+      [&]() {
+        int_column_writer.WriteBatchSpaced(numbers.size(), nullptr, nullptr,
+                                           valid_bits.data(), 0, numbers.data());
+      },
+      ParquetException, expected_msg);
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestCDC, LastChunkDoesntTriggerAddDataPage) {
+  // Define the schema with a single column "number"
+  auto schema = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<schema::GroupNode>(schema::GroupNode::Make(
+      "root", Repetition::REQUIRED,
+      {schema::PrimitiveNode::Make("number", Repetition::REQUIRED, Type::INT32)}));
+
+  auto sink = CreateOutputStream();
+  auto builder = WriterProperties::Builder();
+  auto props = builder.enable_content_defined_chunking()
+                   ->content_defined_chunking_options({kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, 0})
+                   ->disable_dictionary()
+                   ->build();
+
+  auto writer = ParquetFileWriter::Open(sink, schema, props);
+  auto row_group_writer = writer->AppendRowGroup();
+
+  // Create a column writer for the "number" column
+  auto column_writer = row_group_writer->NextColumn();
+  auto& int_column_writer = dynamic_cast<Int32Writer&>(*column_writer);
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto array, ::arrow::gen::Step()->Generate(8000));
+  auto arrow_props = default_arrow_writer_properties();
+  auto arrow_ctx = ArrowWriteContext(default_memory_pool(), arrow_props.get());
+
+  // Calling WriteArrow twice, we expect that the first call doesn't add a new data page
+  // at the end allowing subsequent calls to append to the same page
+  ASSERT_OK(int_column_writer.WriteArrow(nullptr, nullptr, array->length(), *array,
+                                         &arrow_ctx, false));
+  ASSERT_OK(int_column_writer.WriteArrow(nullptr, nullptr, array->length(), *array,
+                                         &arrow_ctx, false));
+
+  int_column_writer.Close();
+  writer->Close();
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto buffer, sink->Finish());
+
+  auto info = GetColumnParquetInfo(buffer, /*column_index=*/0);
+  ASSERT_EQ(info.size(), 1);
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto chunked_array, ChunkedArray::Make({array, array}));
+  AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(chunked_array, info.front(), /*nullable=*/false,
+                                 kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                 /*expect_dictionary_page=*/false);
+}
+
+struct CaseConfig {
+  // Arrow data type to generate the testing data for
+  std::shared_ptr<::arrow::DataType> dtype;
+  // Whether the data type is nullable
+  bool is_nullable;
+  // Data page version to use
+  ParquetDataPageVersion data_page_version = ParquetDataPageVersion::V1;
+};
+
+// Define PrintTo for MyStruct
+void PrintTo(const CaseConfig& param, std::ostream* os) {
+  *os << "{ " << param.dtype->ToString();
+  if (param.is_nullable) {
+    *os << " nullable";
+  }
+  *os << " }";
+}
+
+class TestCDCSingleRowGroup : public ::testing::TestWithParam<CaseConfig> {
+ protected:
+  static constexpr int64_t kPartSize = 128 * 1024;
+  static constexpr int64_t kEditSize = 128;
+  static constexpr int64_t kMinChunkSize = 4 * 1024;
+  static constexpr int64_t kMaxChunkSize = 16 * 1024;
+  static constexpr int64_t kRowGroupLength = 1024 * 1024;
+
+  // Column random table parts for testing
+  std::shared_ptr<Field> field_;
+  std::shared_ptr<Table> part1_, part2_, part3_, part4_, part5_, part6_, part7_;
+
+  void SetUp() override {
+    const auto& param = GetParam();
+    auto field_ = ::arrow::field("f0", param.dtype, param.is_nullable);
+    auto schema = ::arrow::schema({field_});
+
+    // since the chunk sizes are constant we derive the number of records to generate
+    // from the size of the data type unless it is nested or variable length where
+    // we use a hand picked value to avoid generating too large tables
+    int64_t bytes_per_record;
+    if (param.dtype->byte_width() > 0) {
+      bytes_per_record = param.dtype->byte_width();
+      if (param.is_nullable) {
+        bytes_per_record += sizeof(uint16_t);
+      }
+    } else {
+      // for variable length types we use the size of the first element
+      bytes_per_record = 16;
+    }
+
+    auto part_length = kPartSize / bytes_per_record;
+    auto edit_length = kEditSize / bytes_per_record;
+
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part1_, GenerateTable(schema, part_length, /*seed=*/0));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part2_, GenerateTable(schema, edit_length, /*seed=*/1));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part3_,
+                         GenerateTable(schema, part_length, /*seed=*/part_length));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part4_, GenerateTable(schema, edit_length, /*seed=*/2));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part5_,
+                         GenerateTable(schema, part_length, /*seed=*/2 * part_length));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part6_, GenerateTable(schema, edit_length, /*seed=*/3));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part7_, GenerateTable(schema, edit_length, /*seed=*/4));
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, DeleteOnce) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    // check that there is a single "diff" between the two page length sequences
+    // and that the diff removes edit_length number of values, there should be no
+    // other differences because we deal with a single row group (in case of multiple
+    // row groups the first page of each subsequent row group would be different due
+    // to shifting caused by the fixed sized row group length)
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.front(), modified_info.front(),
+                                /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/1, part2_->column(0));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, DeleteTwice) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_, part4_, part5_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part3_, part5_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    // check that there are exactly two "diffs" between the two page length sequences
+    // and those diffs remove edit_length number of values (part2 and part4 have the
+    // same number of values), there should be no other differences because we have
+    // a single row group
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.front(), modified_info.front(),
+                                /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/2, part2_->column(0));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, UpdateOnce) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part4_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    // check that there is a single "diff" between the two page length sequences
+    // which doesn't change the length of the array, only the values are updated
+    // there should be no other differences because we deal with a single row group
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.front(), modified_info.front(),
+                                /*max_number_of_equal_diffs=*/1);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, UpdateTwice) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_, part4_, part5_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part6_, part3_, part7_, part5_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    // check that there are exactly two "diffs" between the two page length sequences
+    // which don't change the length of the array, only the values are updated
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.front(), modified_info.front(),
+                                /*max_number_of_equal_diffs=*/2);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, InsertOnce) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    // check that there is a single "diff" between the two page length sequences
+    // adding edit_length number of values, there should be no other differences
+    // because we deal with a single row group and made a single modification
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.front(), modified_info.front(),
+                                /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/1,
+                                /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/0, part2_->column(0));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, InsertTwice) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part3_, part5_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_, part4_, part5_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    // check that there are exactly two "diffs" between the two page length sequences
+    // which add edit_length number of values, there should be no other differences
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.front(), modified_info.front(),
+                                /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/2,
+                                /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/0, part2_->column(0));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, Prepend) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified, ConcatAndCombine({part4_, part1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    auto original_page_lengths = base_info.front().page_lengths;
+    auto modified_page_lengths = modified_info.front().page_lengths;
+
+    // we expect to have the same number or more pages at the beginning of the
+    // modified file without increasing the size of any subsequent page
+    ASSERT_LE(original_page_lengths.size(), modified_page_lengths.size());
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.front(), modified_info.front(),
+                                /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/1,
+                                /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/0, part4_->column(0));
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, Append) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_, part4_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto base_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto modified_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // assert that there is only one row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 1);
+
+    // check that the chunk sizes are within the expected range
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(base->column(0), base_info.front(), param.is_nullable,
+                                   kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+    AssertContentDefinedChunkSizes(modified->column(0), modified_info.front(),
+                                   param.is_nullable, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize,
+                                   /*expect_dictionary_page=*/enable_dictionary);
+
+    auto original_page_lengths = base_info.front().page_lengths;
+    auto modified_page_lengths = modified_info.front().page_lengths;
+
+    // there are either additional pages and/or the last page is larger in the modified
+    // than in the original file
+    ASSERT_LE(original_page_lengths.size(), modified_page_lengths.size());
+    // all pages must be identical except for the last one which can be larger
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < original_page_lengths.size() - 1; i++) {
+      ASSERT_EQ(original_page_lengths[i], modified_page_lengths[i]);
+    }
+    auto last_index = original_page_lengths.size() - 1;
+    ASSERT_GE(modified_page_lengths[last_index], original_page_lengths[last_index]);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, EmptyTable) {
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+
+  auto schema = ::arrow::schema({::arrow::field("f0", param.dtype, param.is_nullable)});
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto empty_table, GenerateTable(schema, 0, /*seed=*/0));
+  ASSERT_EQ(empty_table->num_rows(), 0);
+
+  for (bool enable_dictionary : {false, true}) {
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(empty_table, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           enable_dictionary, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto info = GetColumnParquetInfo(parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+
+    // There is a single row group
+    ASSERT_EQ(info.size(), 1);
+
+    // An empty table should result in no data pages
+    ASSERT_TRUE(info.front().page_lengths.empty());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(info.front().page_sizes.empty());
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TestCDCSingleRowGroup, ArrayOffsets) {
+  // check that the array offsets are respected in the chunker
+  const auto& param = GetParam();
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto table, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_}));
+
+  for (auto offset : {0, 512, 1024}) {
+    auto sliced_table = table->Slice(offset);
+
+    // assert that the first column has a non-zero offset
+    auto column = sliced_table->column(0);
+    auto first_chunk = column->chunk(0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(first_chunk->offset(), offset);
+
+    // write out the sliced table, read it back and compare
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+        auto sliced_parquet,
+        WriteTableToBuffer(sliced_table, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                           true, param.data_page_version));
+
+    auto sliced_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(sliced_parquet, /*column_index=*/0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(sliced_info.size(), 1);
+  }
+}
+
+#if defined(ADDRESS_SANITIZER) || defined(ARROW_VALGRIND)
+// Instantiate the test suite with a reduced set of types to avoid slow tests
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+    Types, TestCDCSingleRowGroup,
+    testing::Values(
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::boolean(), false}, CaseConfig{::arrow::int64(), true},
+        // Binary-like
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::utf8(), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::fixed_size_binary(16), true},
+        // Nested types
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::list(::arrow::int32()), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::list(::arrow::utf8()), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::struct_({::arrow::field("f0", ::arrow::float64())}), true}));
+#else
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+    Types, TestCDCSingleRowGroup,
+    testing::Values(
+        // Boolean
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::boolean(), false},
+        // Numeric
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::uint8(), false}, CaseConfig{::arrow::uint16(), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::uint32(), false}, CaseConfig{::arrow::uint64(), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::int8(), false}, CaseConfig{::arrow::int16(), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::int32(), false}, CaseConfig{::arrow::int64(), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::float16(), false}, CaseConfig{::arrow::float32(), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::float64(), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::decimal128(18, 6), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::decimal256(40, 6), false},
+        // Binary-like
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::utf8(), false}, CaseConfig{::arrow::binary(), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::fixed_size_binary(16), true},
+        // Temporal
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::date32(), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::time32(::arrow::TimeUnit::MILLI), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::time64(::arrow::TimeUnit::NANO), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::timestamp(::arrow::TimeUnit::NANO), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::duration(::arrow::TimeUnit::NANO), false},
+        // Nested types
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::list(::arrow::int16()), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::list(::arrow::int32()), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::list(::arrow::utf8()), true},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::struct_({::arrow::field("f0", ::arrow::int32())}), false},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::struct_({::arrow::field("f0", ::arrow::float64())}), true},
+        CaseConfig{
+            ::arrow::list(::arrow::struct_({::arrow::field("f0", ::arrow::int32())})),
+            false},
+        // Extension type
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::extension::json(), true},
+        // Use ParquetDataPageVersion::V2
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::large_binary(), false, ParquetDataPageVersion::V2},
+        CaseConfig{::arrow::list(::arrow::utf8()), true, ParquetDataPageVersion::V2}));
+#endif
+
+class TestCDCMultipleRowGroups : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  static auto constexpr kPartLength = 128 * 1024;
+  static auto constexpr kEditLength = 128;
+  static auto constexpr kRowGroupLength = 64 * 1024;
+  static auto constexpr kEnableDictionary = false;
+  static auto constexpr kMinChunkSize = 4 * 1024;
+  static auto constexpr kMaxChunkSize = 16 * 1024;
+
+  // Column random table parts for testing
+
+  std::shared_ptr<Table> part1_, part2_, part3_;
+  std::shared_ptr<Table> edit1_, edit2_, edit3_;
+
+  void SetUp() override {
+    auto schema = ::arrow::schema({
+        ::arrow::field("int32", ::arrow::int32(), true),
+        ::arrow::field("float64", ::arrow::float64(), true),
+        ::arrow::field("bool", ::arrow::boolean(), false),
+    });
+
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part1_, GenerateTable(schema, kPartLength, /*seed=*/0));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part2_, GenerateTable(schema, kPartLength, /*seed=*/2));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(part3_, GenerateTable(schema, kPartLength, /*seed=*/4));
+
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(edit1_, GenerateTable(schema, kEditLength, /*seed=*/1));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(edit2_, GenerateTable(schema, kEditLength, /*seed=*/3));
+    ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(edit3_, GenerateTable(schema, kEditLength, /*seed=*/5));
+  }
+};
+
+TEST_F(TestCDCMultipleRowGroups, InsertOnce) {
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, edit1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, edit1_, edit2_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+  ASSERT_EQ(modified->num_rows(), base->num_rows() + edit2_->num_rows());
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto base_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto modified_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+
+  for (int col = 0; col < base->num_columns(); col++) {
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+
+    // assert that there are 7 row groups
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 7);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 7);
+
+    // the first two row groups should be identical, each part contains two row groups and
+    // the first part is not modified
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(0).page_lengths, modified_info.at(0).page_lengths);
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(1).page_lengths, modified_info.at(1).page_lengths);
+    // then there is an insertion which causes a larger "diff" somewhere in the row group
+    // and a smaller "diff" at the end of the row group because the row group length is
+    // fixed; this rule applies to the subsequent row groups as well because the values
+    // are shifted by the insertion
+    auto edit_array = edit2_->column(col);
+    for (size_t i = 2; i < modified_info.size() - 1; i++) {
+      AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.at(i), modified_info.at(i),
+                                  /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                  /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/1,
+                                  /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/1, edit_array);
+    }
+    // the last row group will simply be larger because of the insertion
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.back(), modified_info.back(),
+                                /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/1,
+                                /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/0, edit_array);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestCDCMultipleRowGroups, DeleteOnce) {
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, edit1_, part2_, part3_, edit2_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, part2_, part3_, edit2_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+  ASSERT_EQ(modified->num_rows(), base->num_rows() - edit1_->num_rows());
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto base_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto modified_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+
+  for (int col = 0; col < base->num_columns(); col++) {
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+
+    // assert that there are 7 row groups
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 7);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 7);
+
+    // the first two row groups should be identical, each part contains two row groups and
+    // the first part is not modified
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(0).page_lengths, modified_info.at(0).page_lengths);
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(1).page_lengths, modified_info.at(1).page_lengths);
+    // because of the deletion values are shifted in the row group, we expect a smaller
+    // "diff" at the beginning of the row group and a larger "diff" at the end of the
+    // row group
+    auto edit_array = edit2_->column(col);
+    for (size_t i = 2; i < modified_info.size() - 1; i++) {
+      AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.at(i), modified_info.at(i),
+                                  /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                  /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/1,
+                                  /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/1, edit_array);
+    }
+    // the last row group will simply be smaller because of the deletion
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.back(), modified_info.back(),
+                                /*exact_number_of_equal_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_larger_diffs=*/0,
+                                /*exact_number_of_smaller_diffs=*/1, edit_array);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestCDCMultipleRowGroups, UpdateOnce) {
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, edit1_, part2_, part3_, edit2_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, edit3_, part2_, part3_, edit2_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto base_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto modified_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+  for (int col = 0; col < base->num_columns(); col++) {
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+
+    // assert that there are 7 row groups
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 7);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 7);
+
+    // the first two row groups should be identical, each part contains two row groups and
+    // the first part is not modified
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(0).page_lengths, modified_info.at(0).page_lengths);
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(1).page_lengths, modified_info.at(1).page_lengths);
+    // then there is an update (without insertion or deletion so no shifting occurs) which
+    // causes a "diff" with both sides having the same number of values but different ones
+    AssertPageLengthDifferences(base_info.at(2), modified_info.at(2),
+                                /*max_number_of_equal_diffs=*/1);
+    for (size_t i = 2; i < modified_info.size(); i++) {
+      // the rest of the row groups should be identical
+      ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(i).page_lengths, modified_info.at(i).page_lengths);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(TestCDCMultipleRowGroups, Append) {
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto base, ConcatAndCombine({part1_, edit1_, part2_, part3_}));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(auto modified,
+                       ConcatAndCombine({part1_, edit1_, part2_, part3_, edit2_}));
+  ASSERT_FALSE(base->Equals(*modified));
+  ASSERT_EQ(modified->num_rows(), base->num_rows() + edit2_->num_rows());
+
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto base_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(base, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+  ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+      auto modified_parquet,
+      WriteTableToBuffer(modified, kMinChunkSize, kMaxChunkSize, kRowGroupLength,
+                         kEnableDictionary, ParquetDataPageVersion::V1));
+
+  for (int col = 0; col < base->num_columns(); col++) {
+    auto base_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(base_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+    auto modified_info = GetColumnParquetInfo(modified_parquet, /*column_index=*/col);
+
+    // assert that there are 7 row groups
+    ASSERT_EQ(base_info.size(), 7);
+    ASSERT_EQ(modified_info.size(), 7);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < modified_info.size() - 1; i++) {
+      ASSERT_EQ(base_info.at(i).page_lengths, modified_info.at(i).page_lengths);
+    }
+    // only the last row group should have more or equal number of pages
+    auto original_page_lengths = base_info.back().page_lengths;
+    auto modified_page_lengths = modified_info.back().page_lengths;
+
+    // the last row group should be larger or equal in size
+    ASSERT_GE(original_page_lengths.size(), modified_page_lengths.size());
+    // all pages must be identical except for the last one which can be larger
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < original_page_lengths.size() - 1; i++) {
+      ASSERT_EQ(original_page_lengths[i], modified_page_lengths[i]);
+    }
+    ASSERT_GT(modified_page_lengths.back(), original_page_lengths.back());
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace parquet::internal
diff --git a/cpp/src/parquet/properties_test.cc b/cpp/src/parquet/properties_test.cc
--- a/cpp/src/parquet/properties_test.cc
+++ b/cpp/src/parquet/properties_test.cc
@@ -111,6 +111,26 @@ TEST(TestWriterProperties, SetCodecOptions) {
                     ->window_bits);
 }
 
+TEST(TestWriterProperties, ContentDefinedChunkingSettings) {
+  WriterProperties::Builder builder;
+  std::shared_ptr<WriterProperties> props = builder.build();
+
+  ASSERT_FALSE(props->content_defined_chunking_enabled());
+  auto cdc_options = props->content_defined_chunking_options();
+  ASSERT_EQ(cdc_options.min_chunk_size, 256 * 1024);
+  ASSERT_EQ(cdc_options.max_chunk_size, 1024 * 1024);
+  ASSERT_EQ(cdc_options.norm_level, 0);
+
+  builder.enable_content_defined_chunking();
+  builder.content_defined_chunking_options(CdcOptions{512 * 1024, 2048 * 1024, 1});
+  props = builder.build();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(props->content_defined_chunking_enabled());
+  cdc_options = props->content_defined_chunking_options();
+  ASSERT_EQ(cdc_options.min_chunk_size, 512 * 1024);
+  ASSERT_EQ(cdc_options.max_chunk_size, 2048 * 1024);
+  ASSERT_EQ(cdc_options.norm_level, 1);
+}
+
 TEST(TestReaderProperties, GetStreamInsufficientData) {
   // ARROW-6058
   std::string data = "shorter than expected";
diff --git a/python/pyarrow/tests/parquet/test_parquet_writer.py b/python/pyarrow/tests/parquet/test_parquet_writer.py
--- a/python/pyarrow/tests/parquet/test_parquet_writer.py
+++ b/python/pyarrow/tests/parquet/test_parquet_writer.py
@@ -361,3 +361,81 @@ def test_parquet_writer_append_key_value_metadata(tempdir):
     assert metadata[b'key1'] == b'1'
     assert metadata[b'key2'] == b'2'
     assert metadata[b'key3'] == b'3'
+
+
+def test_parquet_content_defined_chunking(tempdir):
+    table = pa.table({'a': range(100_000)})
+
+    # use PLAIN encoding because we compare the overall size of the row groups
+    # which would vary depending on the encoding making the assertions wrong
+    pq.write_table(table, tempdir / 'unchunked.parquet',
+                   use_dictionary=False,
+                   column_encoding="PLAIN")
+    pq.write_table(table, tempdir / 'chunked-default.parquet',
+                   use_dictionary=False,
+                   column_encoding="PLAIN",
+                   use_content_defined_chunking=True)
+    pq.write_table(table, tempdir / 'chunked-custom.parquet',
+                   use_dictionary=False,
+                   column_encoding="PLAIN",
+                   use_content_defined_chunking={"min_chunk_size": 32_768,
+                                                 "max_chunk_size": 65_536})
+
+    # the data must be the same
+    unchunked = pq.read_table(tempdir / 'unchunked.parquet')
+    chunked_default = pq.read_table(tempdir / 'chunked-default.parquet')
+    chunked_custom = pq.read_table(tempdir / 'chunked-custom.parquet')
+    assert unchunked.equals(chunked_default)
+    assert unchunked.equals(chunked_custom)
+
+    # number of row groups and their sizes are not affected by content defined chunking
+    unchunked_metadata = pq.read_metadata(tempdir / 'unchunked.parquet')
+    chunked_default_metadata = pq.read_metadata(tempdir / 'chunked-default.parquet')
+    chunked_custom_metadata = pq.read_metadata(tempdir / 'chunked-custom.parquet')
+
+    assert unchunked_metadata.num_row_groups == chunked_default_metadata.num_row_groups
+    assert unchunked_metadata.num_row_groups == chunked_custom_metadata.num_row_groups
+
+    for i in range(unchunked_metadata.num_row_groups):
+        rg_unchunked = unchunked_metadata.row_group(i)
+        rg_chunked_default = chunked_default_metadata.row_group(i)
+        rg_chunked_custom = chunked_custom_metadata.row_group(i)
+        assert rg_unchunked.num_rows == rg_chunked_default.num_rows
+        assert rg_unchunked.num_rows == rg_chunked_custom.num_rows
+        # since PageReader is not exposed we cannot inspect the page sizes
+        # so just check that the total byte size is different
+        assert rg_unchunked.total_byte_size < rg_chunked_default.total_byte_size
+        assert rg_unchunked.total_byte_size < rg_chunked_custom.total_byte_size
+
+
+def test_parquet_content_defined_chunking_parameters(tempdir):
+    table = pa.table({'a': range(100)})
+    path = tempdir / 'chunked-invalid.parquet'
+
+    # it raises OSError, not ideal but this is how parquet exceptions are handled
+    # currently
+    # the exact validation wording is not part of the proposal; assert only the
+    # error type for an invalid min/max ordering and for bad option dicts.
+    with pytest.raises(Exception):
+        cdc_options = {"min_chunk_size": 65_536, "max_chunk_size": 32_768}
+        pq.write_table(table, path, use_content_defined_chunking=cdc_options)
+
+    invalid_option_cases = [
+        {"min_chunk_size": 64 * 1024, "unknown_option": True},
+        {"min_chunk_size": 64 * 1024},
+        {"max_chunk_size": 64 * 1024},
+    ]
+    for cdc_options in invalid_option_cases:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            pq.write_table(table, path, use_content_defined_chunking=cdc_options)
+
+    # using the default parametrization
+    pq.write_table(table, path, use_content_defined_chunking=True)
+
+    # using min_chunk_size and max_chunk_size
+    cdc_options = {"min_chunk_size": 32_768, "max_chunk_size": 65_536}
+    pq.write_table(table, path, use_content_defined_chunking=cdc_options)
+
+    # using min_chunk_size, max_chunk_size and norm_level
+    cdc_options = {"min_chunk_size": 32_768, "max_chunk_size": 65_536, "norm_level": 1}
+    pq.write_table(table, path, use_content_defined_chunking=cdc_options)