Snapshot 2026-10-07: resolved archive, open markets, open events
Browse files- README.md +184 -0
- build.py +78 -0
- data/events-open.parquet +3 -0
- data/markets-open.parquet +3 -0
- data/resolved.parquet +3 -0
- make_card.py +166 -0
- manifests/events-open.json +31 -0
- manifests/markets-open.json +36 -0
- manifests/resolved.json +23 -0
README.md
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| 1 |
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---
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license: cc-by-4.0
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pretty_name: "pdata.world prediction markets (Polymarket, Kalshi and 6 more venues)"
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language:
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- en
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tags:
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- prediction-markets
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- polymarket
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- kalshi
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- manifold
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- forecasting
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- finance
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- tabular
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size_categories:
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- 100K<n<1M
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configs:
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- config_name: resolved
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data_files: data/resolved.parquet
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default: true
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- config_name: markets-open
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data_files: data/markets-open.parquet
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- config_name: events-open
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data_files: data/events-open.parquet
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---
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# pdata.world prediction markets
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Prices, volumes and results for prediction markets on eight venues — Polymarket, Kalshi,
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| 29 |
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Manifold, Myriad, Limitless, Predict, Opinion and Gemini — in one schema. The data is
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| 30 |
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collected by [pdata.world](https://pdata.world), which polls each venue every 10 to 60
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| 31 |
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minutes, and is published under CC BY 4.0.
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This snapshot was taken on 2026-10-07. It has three parts:
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| Config | Rows | What one row is |
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| 36 |
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|---|---|---|
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| `resolved` (default) | 450,216 events, with their top 1,752,957 markets (at most 10 each) | An event pdata stopped tracking after it closed, with each top market's reported result |
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| `markets-open` | 417,132 | A market open for trading: price, 24h move and volume |
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| `events-open` | 38,356 | An open event, which groups the markets of one question |
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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| 44 |
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resolved = load_dataset("lowskillcoding/pdata-prediction-markets", "resolved", split="train")
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markets = load_dataset("lowskillcoding/pdata-prediction-markets", "markets-open", split="train")
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| 46 |
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# or with pandas
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import pandas as pd
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| 49 |
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df = pd.read_parquet("hf://datasets/lowskillcoding/pdata-prediction-markets/data/markets-open.parquet")
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```
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## Rows per venue
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- **resolved:** kalshi 194,286, gemini 118,368, polymarket 115,407, predict 15,216, limitless 6,438, opinion 344, manifold 148, myriad 9
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| 55 |
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- **markets-open:** polymarket 268,382, kalshi 112,611, gemini 11,900, manifold 10,848, predict 10,667, limitless 1,435, opinion 1,255, myriad 34
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| 56 |
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- **events-open:** polymarket 18,596, kalshi 13,751, predict 2,211, manifold 1,672, gemini 1,273, limitless 547, opinion 272, myriad 34
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## Read this before using the numbers
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- `probability` and prices are on a 0–1 scale.
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- **Volume is not comparable across venues.** `volume` and `volume_24hr` are in each venue's
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own unit: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution),
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| 63 |
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play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it. pdata's
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| 64 |
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report [How eight venues count volume](https://pdata.world/research/prediction-market-volume)
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explains each one.
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- **In `resolved`, a market's `probability` is the last price pdata saw**, which is usually
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after the market settled. It records the result; it is not a forecast. For prices before
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close, use the API's history endpoint while a market is live (history is deleted 10 days
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after close) — see [How accurate were prediction-market prices a day before the
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| 70 |
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result?](https://pdata.world/research/prediction-market-accuracy) for one way to do it.
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- **`result` is null where the venue never reports one.** Of the 1,752,957 archived markets,
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| 72 |
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1,006,292
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carry a result.
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- **A gap in `resolved`:** events that closed between 2026-06-02 and 2026-08-11 are missing,
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because they were pruned before a backup was taken. Events closed in the 10 days before
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the snapshot are in neither file yet.
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- pdata groups Kalshi's sibling events for one game under a single group event
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(`is_group`), whose volume is the sum of its children's.
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## Fields
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### resolved
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Every event pdata has stopped tracking live, with its final result: the record pdata keeps when it prunes an event, 10 days after it closes. Events closed more recently are in neither file yet. Kept since 2026-08-31; events pruned before then were rebuilt on 2026-10-07 from backups taken 2026-05-09 to 2026-08-29. Events that closed between 2026-06-02 and 2026-08-11 are missing: they were pruned before the next backup was taken.
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| Field | Meaning |
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|---|---|
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| `source` | Venue: polymarket, kalshi, manifold, myriad, limitless, predict, opinion or gemini. |
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| `id` | The venue's event id, unique within source. |
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| `title` | Event title when pdata pruned it. |
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| `categories` | pdata topic categories (e.g. Politics, Sports), from rules and AI tagging. |
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| `closed_time` | When the event closed (UTC): the venue's close time, else its end date, else when pdata last saw it. |
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| `markets` | The event's top markets by lifetime volume, at most 10: id, question, result (as the venue reported it; null where the venue never says), final probability (0-1) and lifetime volume (venue unit). |
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| `url` | The event or market's own page on the venue's website; null when it cannot be built. |
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| `pdata_url` | pdata's page for the event, https://pdata.world/events/{source}/{id}. |
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| `pruned_at` | When pdata wrote this record (UTC): when it pruned the event, or 2026-10-07 for an event pruned before 2026-08-31 and rebuilt from backups. |
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### markets-open
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Every market open for trading on the 8 venues pdata tracks, one per line: price, 24h move and volume. A market is one yes/no question, or one outcome of a multi-outcome event.
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| Field | Meaning |
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|---|---|
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| `source` | Venue: polymarket, kalshi, manifold, myriad, limitless, predict, opinion or gemini. |
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| `id` | The venue's market id, unique within source. |
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| `event_id` | The parent event's id (same source); joins events-open on (source, id). |
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| `event_title` | The parent event's title. Read question with it: an outcome of a multi-outcome event can be a bare label. |
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| `question` | The market's question as the venue titles it. |
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| `label` | Short outcome label where the venue gives one (e.g. a candidate's name). |
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| `categories` | pdata topic categories (e.g. Politics, Sports), from rules and AI tagging. |
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| `outcomes` | Outcome labels in venue order, usually ["Yes", "No"]. |
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| `outcome_prices` | Price of each outcome, 0-1, in outcomes order. |
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| `probability` | Implied probability of the first outcome (usually YES), 0-1. |
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| 114 |
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| `prob_24h_change` | Change in probability over the trailing 24h, on the same 0-1 scale (0.05 = up 5 points). Null when there is no snapshot in that window. |
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| `volume` | Lifetime trading volume. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it. |
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| `volume_24hr` | Trading volume over the last 24 hours. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it. |
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| `liquidity` | Liquidity as the venue reports it, in the venue's own unit. |
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| `open_interest` | Open interest as the venue reports it, in the venue's own unit. |
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| `start_date` | When the market opened, as the venue reports it (UTC). |
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| `end_date` | Scheduled close or expiry, as the venue reports it (UTC). |
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| `status` | The venue's own status string, verbatim; null for Polymarket. |
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| `countries` | Countries the market concerns (full English names, at most 3), from pdata's AI tagging. [] means none applies; null means not tagged yet. |
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| `updated_at` | When pdata last wrote this row (UTC): every fetch from the venue, and again when pdata recomputes a derived field. |
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| `url` | The event or market's own page on the venue's website; null when it cannot be built. |
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| `pdata_url` | pdata's page for the event, https://pdata.world/events/{source}/{id}. |
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### events-open
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Every event open for trading on the 8 venues pdata tracks, one per line. An event groups the markets of one question; markets-open holds its markets.
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| Field | Meaning |
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|---|---|
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| `source` | Venue: polymarket, kalshi, manifold, myriad, limitless, predict, opinion or gemini. |
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| `id` | The venue's event id, unique within source (pdata builds the id of a group event). |
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| `title` | Event title as the venue publishes it. |
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| `categories` | pdata topic categories (e.g. Politics, Sports), from rules and AI tagging. |
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| `start_date` | When the event opened, as the venue reports it (UTC). |
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| `end_date` | Scheduled close or expiry, as the venue reports it (UTC). |
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| `volume` | Lifetime trading volume. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it. |
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| `volume_24hr` | Trading volume over the last 24 hours. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it. |
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| `open_interest` | Open interest as the venue reports it, in the venue's own unit. |
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| `mutually_exclusive` | True when exactly one of the event's markets can resolve YES; false when they are independent questions; null when the venue does not say. |
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| `market_count` | How many markets the event has (for a group event, across its child events). |
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| `is_group` | True for an event pdata built to group sibling Kalshi events of one matchup. |
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| `parent_event_id` | The pdata group event this event belongs to, or null. |
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| `synthetic` | True for an event pdata created to wrap a market the venue lists without one. |
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| `updated_at` | When pdata last wrote this row (UTC): every fetch from the venue, and again when pdata recomputes a derived field. |
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| `url` | The event or market's own page on the venue's website; null when it cannot be built. |
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| `pdata_url` | pdata's page for the event, https://pdata.world/events/{source}/{id}. |
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Timestamps are UTC. The manifest each file was built from is in [`manifests/`](manifests/).
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## Updates and versions
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A new snapshot is added monthly; each is tagged with its date (this one is `2026-10-07`),
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so `load_dataset("lowskillcoding/pdata-prediction-markets", "resolved", revision="2026-10-07")` always returns the same
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rows. For daily data, the same three files are rebuilt every night at
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<https://api.pdata.world/bulk/> as gzipped JSON lines.
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## Other ways to get the data
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| 161 |
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- REST API, no key: <https://api.pdata.world/docs>
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- MCP server for AI assistants: `https://api.pdata.world/mcp`
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| 164 |
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- Read-only Postgres with price history:
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| 165 |
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`postgresql://pdata_readonly:pdata_public_2026@pg.pdata.world:6433/pdata_new`
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| 166 |
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(the password is published on purpose)
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- Python client and examples: <https://github.com/noskillcoding/pdata-client>
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| 168 |
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- Research built on this data: <https://pdata.world/research>
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## Licence and citation
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CC BY 4.0. Credit "Data: pdata.world" with a link to <https://pdata.world>. The underlying
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market data remains subject to each venue's own terms. pdata.world is independent and not
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affiliated with any venue.
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```bibtex
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@misc{pdata_world_prediction_markets_2026_10_07,
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title = {pdata.world prediction markets: prices, volumes and results from eight venues},
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author = {{pdata.world}},
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year = {2026},
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note = {Snapshot 2026-10-07},
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howpublished = {\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/lowskillcoding/pdata-prediction-markets}}
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}
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```
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build.py
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"""Convert pdata.world's nightly bulk files (gzipped JSON lines) to Parquet
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for the Hugging Face dataset. Usage: build.py BULK_DIR OUT_DIR
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Line 1 of each bulk file is a manifest; it is written to OUT_DIR/manifests/
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and the rows to OUT_DIR/data/<kind>.parquet with an explicit schema, so a
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column never changes type between monthly snapshots.
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"""
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+
|
| 9 |
+
import gzip
|
| 10 |
+
import json
|
| 11 |
+
import sys
|
| 12 |
+
from datetime import datetime
|
| 13 |
+
from pathlib import Path
|
| 14 |
+
|
| 15 |
+
import pyarrow as pa
|
| 16 |
+
import pyarrow.parquet as pq
|
| 17 |
+
|
| 18 |
+
TS = pa.timestamp("us", tz="UTC")
|
| 19 |
+
STR_LIST = pa.list_(pa.string())
|
| 20 |
+
|
| 21 |
+
SCHEMAS = {
|
| 22 |
+
"markets-open": pa.schema([
|
| 23 |
+
("source", pa.string()), ("id", pa.string()), ("event_id", pa.string()),
|
| 24 |
+
("event_title", pa.string()), ("question", pa.string()), ("label", pa.string()),
|
| 25 |
+
("categories", STR_LIST), ("outcomes", STR_LIST), ("outcome_prices", pa.list_(pa.float64())),
|
| 26 |
+
("probability", pa.float64()), ("prob_24h_change", pa.float64()),
|
| 27 |
+
("volume", pa.float64()), ("volume_24hr", pa.float64()),
|
| 28 |
+
("liquidity", pa.float64()), ("open_interest", pa.float64()),
|
| 29 |
+
("start_date", TS), ("end_date", TS), ("status", pa.string()),
|
| 30 |
+
("countries", STR_LIST), ("updated_at", TS), ("url", pa.string()), ("pdata_url", pa.string()),
|
| 31 |
+
]),
|
| 32 |
+
"events-open": pa.schema([
|
| 33 |
+
("source", pa.string()), ("id", pa.string()), ("title", pa.string()),
|
| 34 |
+
("categories", STR_LIST), ("start_date", TS), ("end_date", TS),
|
| 35 |
+
("volume", pa.float64()), ("volume_24hr", pa.float64()), ("open_interest", pa.float64()),
|
| 36 |
+
("mutually_exclusive", pa.bool_()), ("market_count", pa.int64()), ("is_group", pa.bool_()),
|
| 37 |
+
("parent_event_id", pa.string()), ("synthetic", pa.bool_()),
|
| 38 |
+
("updated_at", TS), ("url", pa.string()), ("pdata_url", pa.string()),
|
| 39 |
+
]),
|
| 40 |
+
"resolved": pa.schema([
|
| 41 |
+
("source", pa.string()), ("id", pa.string()), ("title", pa.string()),
|
| 42 |
+
("categories", STR_LIST), ("closed_time", TS),
|
| 43 |
+
("markets", pa.list_(pa.struct([
|
| 44 |
+
("id", pa.string()), ("question", pa.string()), ("result", pa.string()),
|
| 45 |
+
("probability", pa.float64()), ("volume", pa.float64()),
|
| 46 |
+
]))),
|
| 47 |
+
("url", pa.string()), ("pdata_url", pa.string()), ("pruned_at", TS),
|
| 48 |
+
]),
|
| 49 |
+
}
|
| 50 |
+
|
| 51 |
+
|
| 52 |
+
def convert(bulk: Path, out: Path, kind: str) -> tuple[int, dict]:
|
| 53 |
+
schema = SCHEMAS[kind]
|
| 54 |
+
ts_cols = [f.name for f in schema if f.type == TS]
|
| 55 |
+
with gzip.open(bulk / f"{kind}.jsonl.gz", "rt") as f:
|
| 56 |
+
manifest = json.loads(next(f))["_manifest"]
|
| 57 |
+
rows = []
|
| 58 |
+
for line in f:
|
| 59 |
+
r = json.loads(line)
|
| 60 |
+
for c in ts_cols:
|
| 61 |
+
if r.get(c) is not None:
|
| 62 |
+
r[c] = datetime.fromisoformat(r[c])
|
| 63 |
+
rows.append(r)
|
| 64 |
+
extra = set().union(*(r.keys() for r in rows)) - set(schema.names)
|
| 65 |
+
if extra:
|
| 66 |
+
raise SystemExit(f"{kind}: fields not in the schema: {sorted(extra)}")
|
| 67 |
+
table = pa.Table.from_pylist(rows, schema=schema)
|
| 68 |
+
pq.write_table(table, out / "data" / f"{kind}.parquet", compression="zstd")
|
| 69 |
+
(out / "manifests" / f"{kind}.json").write_text(json.dumps(manifest, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
|
| 70 |
+
return table.num_rows, manifest
|
| 71 |
+
|
| 72 |
+
|
| 73 |
+
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
| 74 |
+
bulk, out = Path(sys.argv[1]), Path(sys.argv[2])
|
| 75 |
+
for kind in SCHEMAS:
|
| 76 |
+
n, m = convert(bulk, out, kind)
|
| 77 |
+
size = (out / "data" / f"{kind}.parquet").stat().st_size
|
| 78 |
+
print(f"{kind}: {n:,} rows, {size/1e6:.1f} MB, as_of {m['as_of']}")
|
data/events-open.parquet
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
|
| 2 |
+
oid sha256:c45a06740626ce59edab83c3e6445a98eeaee5b530161cac1185604c57970149
|
| 3 |
+
size 2274937
|
data/markets-open.parquet
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
|
| 2 |
+
oid sha256:e4767a1d5bf157a5ec22f48141fd2d291e6b6673ca763d9f50cd3d4a53e726be
|
| 3 |
+
size 14508185
|
data/resolved.parquet
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
|
| 2 |
+
oid sha256:55c186949651828200806adc37ed2e53b2eeb543038d6a82b3a37e145ae8180e
|
| 3 |
+
size 31722264
|
make_card.py
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
"""Write README.md (the dataset card) from the manifests and the Parquet files."""
|
| 2 |
+
|
| 3 |
+
import json
|
| 4 |
+
from collections import Counter
|
| 5 |
+
from pathlib import Path
|
| 6 |
+
|
| 7 |
+
import pyarrow.parquet as pq
|
| 8 |
+
|
| 9 |
+
REPO = "lowskillcoding/pdata-prediction-markets"
|
| 10 |
+
KINDS = ("resolved", "markets-open", "events-open")
|
| 11 |
+
here = Path(__file__).parent
|
| 12 |
+
man = {k: json.loads((here / "manifests" / f"{k}.json").read_text()) for k in KINDS}
|
| 13 |
+
tables = {k: pq.read_table(here / "data" / f"{k}.parquet") for k in KINDS}
|
| 14 |
+
as_of = man["resolved"]["as_of"][:10]
|
| 15 |
+
snapshot = as_of
|
| 16 |
+
|
| 17 |
+
|
| 18 |
+
def fields(kind: str) -> str:
|
| 19 |
+
rows = "\n".join(f"| `{k}` | {v} |" for k, v in man[kind]["fields"].items())
|
| 20 |
+
return "| Field | Meaning |\n|---|---|\n" + rows
|
| 21 |
+
|
| 22 |
+
|
| 23 |
+
def by_venue(kind: str) -> str:
|
| 24 |
+
c = Counter(tables[kind].column("source").to_pylist())
|
| 25 |
+
return ", ".join(f"{s} {n:,}" for s, n in c.most_common())
|
| 26 |
+
|
| 27 |
+
|
| 28 |
+
n = {k: tables[k].num_rows for k in KINDS}
|
| 29 |
+
legs = sum(len(x) for x in tables["resolved"].column("markets").to_pylist())
|
| 30 |
+
|
| 31 |
+
card = f"""---
|
| 32 |
+
license: cc-by-4.0
|
| 33 |
+
pretty_name: "pdata.world prediction markets (Polymarket, Kalshi and 6 more venues)"
|
| 34 |
+
language:
|
| 35 |
+
- en
|
| 36 |
+
tags:
|
| 37 |
+
- prediction-markets
|
| 38 |
+
- polymarket
|
| 39 |
+
- kalshi
|
| 40 |
+
- manifold
|
| 41 |
+
- forecasting
|
| 42 |
+
- finance
|
| 43 |
+
- tabular
|
| 44 |
+
size_categories:
|
| 45 |
+
- 100K<n<1M
|
| 46 |
+
configs:
|
| 47 |
+
- config_name: resolved
|
| 48 |
+
data_files: data/resolved.parquet
|
| 49 |
+
default: true
|
| 50 |
+
- config_name: markets-open
|
| 51 |
+
data_files: data/markets-open.parquet
|
| 52 |
+
- config_name: events-open
|
| 53 |
+
data_files: data/events-open.parquet
|
| 54 |
+
---
|
| 55 |
+
|
| 56 |
+
# pdata.world prediction markets
|
| 57 |
+
|
| 58 |
+
Prices, volumes and results for prediction markets on eight venues — Polymarket, Kalshi,
|
| 59 |
+
Manifold, Myriad, Limitless, Predict, Opinion and Gemini — in one schema. The data is
|
| 60 |
+
collected by [pdata.world](https://pdata.world), which polls each venue every 10 to 60
|
| 61 |
+
minutes, and is published under CC BY 4.0.
|
| 62 |
+
|
| 63 |
+
This snapshot was taken on {as_of}. It has three parts:
|
| 64 |
+
|
| 65 |
+
| Config | Rows | What one row is |
|
| 66 |
+
|---|---|---|
|
| 67 |
+
| `resolved` (default) | {n['resolved']:,} events, with their top {legs:,} markets (at most 10 each) | An event pdata stopped tracking after it closed, with each top market's reported result |
|
| 68 |
+
| `markets-open` | {n['markets-open']:,} | A market open for trading: price, 24h move and volume |
|
| 69 |
+
| `events-open` | {n['events-open']:,} | An open event, which groups the markets of one question |
|
| 70 |
+
|
| 71 |
+
```python
|
| 72 |
+
from datasets import load_dataset
|
| 73 |
+
|
| 74 |
+
resolved = load_dataset("{REPO}", "resolved", split="train")
|
| 75 |
+
markets = load_dataset("{REPO}", "markets-open", split="train")
|
| 76 |
+
|
| 77 |
+
# or with pandas
|
| 78 |
+
import pandas as pd
|
| 79 |
+
df = pd.read_parquet("hf://datasets/{REPO}/data/markets-open.parquet")
|
| 80 |
+
```
|
| 81 |
+
|
| 82 |
+
## Rows per venue
|
| 83 |
+
|
| 84 |
+
- **resolved:** {by_venue('resolved')}
|
| 85 |
+
- **markets-open:** {by_venue('markets-open')}
|
| 86 |
+
- **events-open:** {by_venue('events-open')}
|
| 87 |
+
|
| 88 |
+
## Read this before using the numbers
|
| 89 |
+
|
| 90 |
+
- `probability` and prices are on a 0–1 scale.
|
| 91 |
+
- **Volume is not comparable across venues.** `volume` and `volume_24hr` are in each venue's
|
| 92 |
+
own unit: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution),
|
| 93 |
+
play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it. pdata's
|
| 94 |
+
report [How eight venues count volume](https://pdata.world/research/prediction-market-volume)
|
| 95 |
+
explains each one.
|
| 96 |
+
- **In `resolved`, a market's `probability` is the last price pdata saw**, which is usually
|
| 97 |
+
after the market settled. It records the result; it is not a forecast. For prices before
|
| 98 |
+
close, use the API's history endpoint while a market is live (history is deleted 10 days
|
| 99 |
+
after close) — see [How accurate were prediction-market prices a day before the
|
| 100 |
+
result?](https://pdata.world/research/prediction-market-accuracy) for one way to do it.
|
| 101 |
+
- **`result` is null where the venue never reports one.** Of the {legs:,} archived markets,
|
| 102 |
+
{sum(1 for x in tables['resolved'].column('markets').to_pylist() for m in x if m['result'] is not None):,}
|
| 103 |
+
carry a result.
|
| 104 |
+
- **A gap in `resolved`:** events that closed between 2026-06-02 and 2026-08-11 are missing,
|
| 105 |
+
because they were pruned before a backup was taken. Events closed in the 10 days before
|
| 106 |
+
the snapshot are in neither file yet.
|
| 107 |
+
- pdata groups Kalshi's sibling events for one game under a single group event
|
| 108 |
+
(`is_group`), whose volume is the sum of its children's.
|
| 109 |
+
|
| 110 |
+
## Fields
|
| 111 |
+
|
| 112 |
+
### resolved
|
| 113 |
+
|
| 114 |
+
{man['resolved']['description']}
|
| 115 |
+
|
| 116 |
+
{fields('resolved')}
|
| 117 |
+
|
| 118 |
+
### markets-open
|
| 119 |
+
|
| 120 |
+
{man['markets-open']['description']}
|
| 121 |
+
|
| 122 |
+
{fields('markets-open')}
|
| 123 |
+
|
| 124 |
+
### events-open
|
| 125 |
+
|
| 126 |
+
{man['events-open']['description']}
|
| 127 |
+
|
| 128 |
+
{fields('events-open')}
|
| 129 |
+
|
| 130 |
+
Timestamps are UTC. The manifest each file was built from is in [`manifests/`](manifests/).
|
| 131 |
+
|
| 132 |
+
## Updates and versions
|
| 133 |
+
|
| 134 |
+
A new snapshot is added monthly; each is tagged with its date (this one is `{snapshot}`),
|
| 135 |
+
so `load_dataset("{REPO}", "resolved", revision="{snapshot}")` always returns the same
|
| 136 |
+
rows. For daily data, the same three files are rebuilt every night at
|
| 137 |
+
<https://api.pdata.world/bulk/> as gzipped JSON lines.
|
| 138 |
+
|
| 139 |
+
## Other ways to get the data
|
| 140 |
+
|
| 141 |
+
- REST API, no key: <https://api.pdata.world/docs>
|
| 142 |
+
- MCP server for AI assistants: `https://api.pdata.world/mcp`
|
| 143 |
+
- Read-only Postgres with price history:
|
| 144 |
+
`postgresql://pdata_readonly:pdata_public_2026@pg.pdata.world:6433/pdata_new`
|
| 145 |
+
(the password is published on purpose)
|
| 146 |
+
- Python client and examples: <https://github.com/noskillcoding/pdata-client>
|
| 147 |
+
- Research built on this data: <https://pdata.world/research>
|
| 148 |
+
|
| 149 |
+
## Licence and citation
|
| 150 |
+
|
| 151 |
+
CC BY 4.0. Credit "Data: pdata.world" with a link to <https://pdata.world>. The underlying
|
| 152 |
+
market data remains subject to each venue's own terms. pdata.world is independent and not
|
| 153 |
+
affiliated with any venue.
|
| 154 |
+
|
| 155 |
+
```bibtex
|
| 156 |
+
@misc{{pdata_world_prediction_markets_{snapshot.replace('-', '_')},
|
| 157 |
+
title = {{pdata.world prediction markets: prices, volumes and results from eight venues}},
|
| 158 |
+
author = {{{{pdata.world}}}},
|
| 159 |
+
year = {{{snapshot[:4]}}},
|
| 160 |
+
note = {{Snapshot {snapshot}}},
|
| 161 |
+
howpublished = {{\\url{{https://huggingface.co/datasets/{REPO}}}}}
|
| 162 |
+
}}
|
| 163 |
+
```
|
| 164 |
+
"""
|
| 165 |
+
(here / "README.md").write_text(card)
|
| 166 |
+
print("README.md", len(card), "chars")
|
manifests/events-open.json
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
{
|
| 2 |
+
"publisher": "pdata.world",
|
| 3 |
+
"url": "https://pdata.world/data",
|
| 4 |
+
"attribution": "Data aggregated by pdata.world (https://pdata.world) from 8 prediction-market venues; CC BY 4.0; source data © each venue.",
|
| 5 |
+
"license": "CC BY 4.0",
|
| 6 |
+
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
|
| 7 |
+
"file": "events-open",
|
| 8 |
+
"description": "Every event open for trading on the 8 venues pdata tracks, one per line. An event groups the markets of one question; markets-open holds its markets.",
|
| 9 |
+
"as_of": "2026-10-07T07:58:31.137721Z",
|
| 10 |
+
"as_of_note": "When this export started. Rows are read over a few minutes; each row's own timestamp says when pdata last wrote it.",
|
| 11 |
+
"format": "JSON lines: this manifest, then one record per line.",
|
| 12 |
+
"fields": {
|
| 13 |
+
"source": "Venue: polymarket, kalshi, manifold, myriad, limitless, predict, opinion or gemini.",
|
| 14 |
+
"id": "The venue's event id, unique within source (pdata builds the id of a group event).",
|
| 15 |
+
"title": "Event title as the venue publishes it.",
|
| 16 |
+
"categories": "pdata topic categories (e.g. Politics, Sports), from rules and AI tagging.",
|
| 17 |
+
"start_date": "When the event opened, as the venue reports it (UTC).",
|
| 18 |
+
"end_date": "Scheduled close or expiry, as the venue reports it (UTC).",
|
| 19 |
+
"volume": "Lifetime trading volume. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it.",
|
| 20 |
+
"volume_24hr": "Trading volume over the last 24 hours. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it.",
|
| 21 |
+
"open_interest": "Open interest as the venue reports it, in the venue's own unit.",
|
| 22 |
+
"mutually_exclusive": "True when exactly one of the event's markets can resolve YES; false when they are independent questions; null when the venue does not say.",
|
| 23 |
+
"market_count": "How many markets the event has (for a group event, across its child events).",
|
| 24 |
+
"is_group": "True for an event pdata built to group sibling Kalshi events of one matchup.",
|
| 25 |
+
"parent_event_id": "The pdata group event this event belongs to, or null.",
|
| 26 |
+
"synthetic": "True for an event pdata created to wrap a market the venue lists without one.",
|
| 27 |
+
"updated_at": "When pdata last wrote this row (UTC): every fetch from the venue, and again when pdata recomputes a derived field.",
|
| 28 |
+
"url": "The event or market's own page on the venue's website; null when it cannot be built.",
|
| 29 |
+
"pdata_url": "pdata's page for the event, https://pdata.world/events/{source}/{id}."
|
| 30 |
+
}
|
| 31 |
+
}
|
manifests/markets-open.json
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
{
|
| 2 |
+
"publisher": "pdata.world",
|
| 3 |
+
"url": "https://pdata.world/data",
|
| 4 |
+
"attribution": "Data aggregated by pdata.world (https://pdata.world) from 8 prediction-market venues; CC BY 4.0; source data © each venue.",
|
| 5 |
+
"license": "CC BY 4.0",
|
| 6 |
+
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
|
| 7 |
+
"file": "markets-open",
|
| 8 |
+
"description": "Every market open for trading on the 8 venues pdata tracks, one per line: price, 24h move and volume. A market is one yes/no question, or one outcome of a multi-outcome event.",
|
| 9 |
+
"as_of": "2026-10-07T07:58:31.137721Z",
|
| 10 |
+
"as_of_note": "When this export started. Rows are read over a few minutes; each row's own timestamp says when pdata last wrote it.",
|
| 11 |
+
"format": "JSON lines: this manifest, then one record per line.",
|
| 12 |
+
"fields": {
|
| 13 |
+
"source": "Venue: polymarket, kalshi, manifold, myriad, limitless, predict, opinion or gemini.",
|
| 14 |
+
"id": "The venue's market id, unique within source.",
|
| 15 |
+
"event_id": "The parent event's id (same source); joins events-open on (source, id).",
|
| 16 |
+
"event_title": "The parent event's title. Read question with it: an outcome of a multi-outcome event can be a bare label.",
|
| 17 |
+
"question": "The market's question as the venue titles it.",
|
| 18 |
+
"label": "Short outcome label where the venue gives one (e.g. a candidate's name).",
|
| 19 |
+
"categories": "pdata topic categories (e.g. Politics, Sports), from rules and AI tagging.",
|
| 20 |
+
"outcomes": "Outcome labels in venue order, usually [\"Yes\", \"No\"].",
|
| 21 |
+
"outcome_prices": "Price of each outcome, 0-1, in outcomes order.",
|
| 22 |
+
"probability": "Implied probability of the first outcome (usually YES), 0-1.",
|
| 23 |
+
"prob_24h_change": "Change in probability over the trailing 24h, on the same 0-1 scale (0.05 = up 5 points). Null when there is no snapshot in that window.",
|
| 24 |
+
"volume": "Lifetime trading volume. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it.",
|
| 25 |
+
"volume_24hr": "Trading volume over the last 24 hours. Venue-reported, in the venue's own unit and not converted across venues: shares for Polymarket and contracts for Kalshi (each pays $1 at resolution), play-money mana for Manifold, and each other venue's figure as it reports it.",
|
| 26 |
+
"liquidity": "Liquidity as the venue reports it, in the venue's own unit.",
|
| 27 |
+
"open_interest": "Open interest as the venue reports it, in the venue's own unit.",
|
| 28 |
+
"start_date": "When the market opened, as the venue reports it (UTC).",
|
| 29 |
+
"end_date": "Scheduled close or expiry, as the venue reports it (UTC).",
|
| 30 |
+
"status": "The venue's own status string, verbatim; null for Polymarket.",
|
| 31 |
+
"countries": "Countries the market concerns (full English names, at most 3), from pdata's AI tagging. [] means none applies; null means not tagged yet.",
|
| 32 |
+
"updated_at": "When pdata last wrote this row (UTC): every fetch from the venue, and again when pdata recomputes a derived field.",
|
| 33 |
+
"url": "The event or market's own page on the venue's website; null when it cannot be built.",
|
| 34 |
+
"pdata_url": "pdata's page for the event, https://pdata.world/events/{source}/{id}."
|
| 35 |
+
}
|
| 36 |
+
}
|
manifests/resolved.json
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
{
|
| 2 |
+
"publisher": "pdata.world",
|
| 3 |
+
"url": "https://pdata.world/data",
|
| 4 |
+
"attribution": "Data aggregated by pdata.world (https://pdata.world) from 8 prediction-market venues; CC BY 4.0; source data © each venue.",
|
| 5 |
+
"license": "CC BY 4.0",
|
| 6 |
+
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
|
| 7 |
+
"file": "resolved",
|
| 8 |
+
"description": "Every event pdata has stopped tracking live, with its final result: the record pdata keeps when it prunes an event, 10 days after it closes. Events closed more recently are in neither file yet. Kept since 2026-08-31; events pruned before then were rebuilt on 2026-10-07 from backups taken 2026-05-09 to 2026-08-29. Events that closed between 2026-06-02 and 2026-08-11 are missing: they were pruned before the next backup was taken.",
|
| 9 |
+
"as_of": "2026-10-07T07:58:31.137721Z",
|
| 10 |
+
"as_of_note": "When this export started. Rows are read over a few minutes; each row's own timestamp says when pdata last wrote it.",
|
| 11 |
+
"format": "JSON lines: this manifest, then one record per line.",
|
| 12 |
+
"fields": {
|
| 13 |
+
"source": "Venue: polymarket, kalshi, manifold, myriad, limitless, predict, opinion or gemini.",
|
| 14 |
+
"id": "The venue's event id, unique within source.",
|
| 15 |
+
"title": "Event title when pdata pruned it.",
|
| 16 |
+
"categories": "pdata topic categories (e.g. Politics, Sports), from rules and AI tagging.",
|
| 17 |
+
"closed_time": "When the event closed (UTC): the venue's close time, else its end date, else when pdata last saw it.",
|
| 18 |
+
"markets": "The event's top markets by lifetime volume, at most 10: id, question, result (as the venue reported it; null where the venue never says), final probability (0-1) and lifetime volume (venue unit).",
|
| 19 |
+
"url": "The event or market's own page on the venue's website; null when it cannot be built.",
|
| 20 |
+
"pdata_url": "pdata's page for the event, https://pdata.world/events/{source}/{id}.",
|
| 21 |
+
"pruned_at": "When pdata wrote this record (UTC): when it pruned the event, or 2026-10-07 for an event pruned before 2026-08-31 and rebuilt from backups."
|
| 22 |
+
}
|
| 23 |
+
}
|