instruction stringlengths 31 27k |
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This a not a typical QPSK where $\alpha \neq \beta$
My book gives me the following
$$
P_e
\leq
Q(\frac{2\alpha} {\sqrt{2 N_0}})
+
Q(\frac{2\beta} {\sqrt{2 N_0}})
+
Q(\frac{2\sqrt{\alpha^2 + \beta^2}} {\sqrt{2 N_0}})
$$
The following is my analysis. (The analysis is based on analysis from ESE 471: Example Union Bound... |
I have gathered data using an FMCW Radar with a configuration of 64 chirps per frame and 64 samples per chirp. Now, I'm trying to simulate the data as if it were collected by a radar with a 32x32 configuration. Specifically, I am interested in applying cropping techniques, either on the raw data or the Range-Doppler ma... |
I have a signal sampled at $Fs$ [Hz], a big size FFT is used to detect some signals, then a small size IFFT is use to transform that portion of the spectrum in the time domain, my question is what would be the new sample time of the IFFT output vector related to the original sample time?
|
Compute the exact symbol error probability.
This is decision area.
For this rightmost points and leftmost points.
$$\bigl(1-Q(\frac{A} {\sqrt{2 N_0}}) \bigl)^2$$
For three points in the middle.
$$\left[\bigl(1-Q(\frac{A} {\sqrt{2 N_0}}) \bigl)^2 \right]^3$$
So the total error probability
$$P_e = 1- \bigl(1-Q(\frac{A}... |
I am trying to find out the algorithm for taylor window function but i have looked everywhere and i dont see any proper algorithm.
I read it is similar to Kaiser Window but thats all I know.
Can someone help me find the algorithm?
|
I do not know if this question fits this stack, but I think it might suit here because it is something related to the radar sensing processing.
The question is about the difference between the cooperative/collaborative radar system when localization a target. For the papers and textbooks I studied, I find they all use ... |
I have $2$ sensors allowing me to measure angles of arrival. These sensors are a distance $d$ ($d \simeq 10$ m) apart and the target to be located is at a distance $R$ with $d<<R$. In the literature we see the formulation for the angle of arrival: $\theta_i=\theta_{i0}+n_i $ with $\theta_{i0}$ the true angle for sensor... |
I want to perform a spectrum analysis of my own voice using the code below.
recObj = audiorecorder;
recDuration = 10;
disp("Begin speaking.")
recordblocking(recObj,recDuration);
disp("End of recording.")
playerObj = play(recObj);
disp('Properties of playerObj:');
myRecord = get(playerObj)
y = getaudiodata(recObj);
fi... |
I'm trying to learn the concept of Pulse-density Modulation.
The wiki page gives a good overview and pseudocode of encoding procedure, but it lacks the decoding part:
The process of decoding a PDM signal into an analog one is simple: one only has to pass the PDM signal through a low-pass filter. This works because the... |
I have a sampled audio signal that is corrupted with a noise pulse that occurs at regular intervals. The pulse is in the form of several periods of a sine wave, and I believe the frequency of that sine wave increases and decreases very slightly in a (seemingly) cyclic pattern.
Very roughly, I would say the pulses occur... |
I tried the following order of operations:
Let's consider the spectral density of the square of white noise with
with a limited frequency band. If $S_{x} \! \left( f \right)$ is the spectral density of white noise then $S_{y} \! \left( f \right)$ is the spectral density of the square of this noise. For band-limited whi... |
As part of an assignment, I was given a filter with a specific set of poles and zeros, namely poles at $0.51 \pm 0.68i$ and zeroes at $1.5$ and $−0.7$. This part of the assignment is titled as "Design of band-pass filters" so it must be that this filter is bandpass.
What troubles me is that this is the filter response... |
I am writing a script that detects the pitch of a short file as part of a larger project. I want to detect using an external call to sox and using the crepe, aubio, and librosa libraries. Aubio is giving me a headache. I have 3 calls from it:
aubio_pitch_mid = run_aubio_pitch(base_prep_192k32b_data_path, sr, method='... |
I was trying to study for a future DSP exam and while reviewing some questions i was faced with the following:
Question 12: Two right-sided discrete-time signals $x \! \left[ n \right]$ and $y \! \left[ n \right]$ are related in the following manner:
$$ y \! \left[ n \right] = \sum_{k = -\infty}^{n} x \! \left[ k \ri... |
I am working with a basic multimode / state-variable filter topology which combines highpass, lowpass, and bandpass outputs. I am wondering if there is a formula I can use to calculate cutoff frequency based on sample rate and the various coefficients.
Here is the DSP snippet of the code I am working with. Cutoff frequ... |
I am trying to understand a piece of coding technology and place it in its context, but I am unable to find any literature on the subject. It would be much appreciated if someone could point me in the right direction.
The technology relates to data (such as audio) encoding using differential pulse code modulation. I un... |
Given is a system that can be described as
$y(t) = x(t)\cdot \sigma(t)$
with
$\sigma(t) = \left\{\begin{array}{ll} 1, & t \geq 0 \\
0, & t<0\end{array}\right. .$
The output of a time-varying linear system can be written as:
$\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}x(t-\hat{\tau})\cdot h(t,\hat{\tau})d\hat{\tau}$
where t is the... |
My question has to do with the difference between the frequencies of a single note, and the frequencies of an entire song.
If I have a 5 second signal of the form:
$x(t)=\sin(8\pi t)$, here is the frequency response with zero-padding:
For a signal of the form
$x(t)=\sin(8\pi t)\sin^2(\pi t/5)$, here is how this looks:... |
The matched filter is an optimal filter that maximizes the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) to minimize the probability of error on a received signal. It is based on convolving the received signal with a reversed and shifted replica. In the diagram shown in the image illustrating a matched filter, I don't understand why the... |
This is the phase detector of PLL of OQPSK modulation. Apparently, it introduces a self-noise labeled in red which can’t be offset. I simulate this algorithm in Matlab, it doesn’t perform as well as the PLL of BPSK or QPSK modulation does,since the error won’t be stable even in the situation without phase offset where... |
My goal is to split a periodic signal into two (or more) signals. The first signal would contain the low-frequency information, and the later signals, the higher-frequency information. These signals would then be passed to separate ML models.
Suppose I have a one-dimensional signal $x$ of length $n$, which I write as
\... |
I am simulating mic input with a sine of 100 values that would, in q4_28 look like this (full period):
[0] 0.0627079, 0.1251678, 0.1871347, 0.2483625, 0.3086099
[5] 0.3676395, 0.4252185, 0.4811191, 0.5351209, 0.5870113
[10] 0.6365852, 0.6836462, 0.7280092, 0.7694988, 0.8079519
[15] 0.8432168, 0.87515... |
I know that we can write a real bandpass signal x(t) as:
$x(t)=x_c(t)\cos\omega_ct + x_s(t)\sin\omega_ct$
$x_c(t) = 2x(t)\cos\omega_ct$ for $|f|<W$
$x_s(t) = 2x(t)\sin\omega_ct$ for $|f|<W$
where $x_c(t)$ and $x_s(t)$ are real and imaginary parts of $x_l(t)$ (complex envelope of $x(t)$) respectively.
S... |
From the video lecture on noise analysis by Razavi here. Can anyone explain in more detail what Razavi said here? Why is the energy at a single frequency (zero bandwidth) zero?
Lets look at the energy carried by a woman's voice at 20 kHz. Can I
say that this dot represents the energy carried at 20 kHz? Answer:
well no... |
I found the Hann–Poisson window on Wikipedia. It has no sidelobe for $\alpha \ge 2$.
I am interested to know more examples of such window function with no sidelobes and what they are useful for.
I found the function $\frac{1}{|\frac{2n}{N-1}-1|^2}$, $\ln^2|\frac{2n}{N-1}-1|$ and $\ln^2(1-\ln|\frac{2n}{N-1}-1|)$ seems t... |
I was going through Papoulis' book (The Fourier Integral and its Applications) when I came across the Fourier Transform for $|t|$. To find it he writes $|t|$ as (I am not sure how):
$$|t| = -\frac{1}{\pi} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} \frac{\cos(\omega t)}{\omega^2}d\omega \tag{1}$$
and then states the Inverse Fourier Trans... |
Summation in Wideband vs Averaging in Subband in PMI selection
In MATLAB 5G toolbox, in the hDLPMISelect.m file, we have two different approaches for wideband and subband to find optimum indices for PMI selection.
In the wideband case, we do sum of SINRs across the BWP for all layers for each PMI index. But in the subb... |
Beginning from the basic definition of decibel that expresses the ratio of two amplitudes as $20\log_{10}(A_{2}/A_{1}) $, how do we arrive at the expression $-20\log_{10}(\delta_{s})$ measured in dB, for the stopband deviation of a digital filter?
|
A couple of second order notch filters seem to be appear regularly in the literature (see e.g., Tseng, Chien-Cheng, and Soo-Chang Pei. "Stable IIR notch filter design with optimal pole placement." IEEE Transactions on Signal processing 49.11 (2001): 2673-2681) and Dan Boschen's response to Transfer function of second o... |
Why is Histogram of Oriented Gradients only 0 to 180 degrees and not 0 to 360 degrees?
I can see in many videos that it's very common that atan which results values between 0 to 180. The function atan2 is not used, in HOG, which results values between -180 and +180.
Question:
If only the half circle is taken to account... |
I stumbled upon a false/true statement which goes:
A time-continuous linear system, whose impulse response $c(t) = \frac{1}{\pi t}$ has a pole at the origin, always produces an output signal $y(t)$ with $||y(t)||^2 = \infty$ for an input signal $x(t)$ satisfying $0 < ||x(t)||^2 < \infty$.
It is claimed as false and t... |
For example, performing a DFT on a 10-second-long and 20-second-long signal with the same sampling frequencies will change the "amplitude" of the power spectral density (PSD) at each frequency because of the difference in frequency resolution, but the integral of the PSD will be the same. Is my understanding correct?
|
I think that difference between $e^{-i\omega t}$ and $e^{i\omega t}$ is only the direction of rotation.
Is there any reason why Fourier Transform multiplies $e^{-i\omega t}$ and Inverse Fourier Transform multiplies $e^{i\omega t}$ ?
|
I have saved the label files and eeg data for each trial in .npy format. Now will it be the
case that any trial, let's say, 12th trial of person 1 in training session label and 12th trial for person 1 in evaluation be the same? Will not there be correspondence between labels files for each person across sessions?
|
I'm given a specific function to find its inverse Z-transform. Specifically:
$$X(z) = z^3 + \frac{1}{z - 2i} + \frac{1}{z+2i}, |z| > 2 $$
Notice the $|z| >2$. Now what concerns me is the term $z^3$. It's a standard $Z$-transform that
$$ \delta[n-m] \stackrel{\mathcal{Z}}{\longleftrightarrow} z^{-m}, $$
with its ROC bei... |
An OFDM signal is made of subcarriers that are orthogonal to each other. This terminology makes me think that if one is only interested in information on a specific subcarrier, only that subcarrier needs to be received. However, if this is the case, won't the FFT stage in the receiver yield an incorrect result thus giv... |
I am trying to implement a radix-4 DIT FFT. It looks like the forward transform is working correctly, but the backward transform output is not in the correct order. I'm pretty sure that the digitrevorder function is not the problem, as I also use it in radix-3 and radix-5 implementations. Am I missing something obvious... |
I need help!
I'm trying to calculate the Power Spectral Density of a quantum operator ($\delta \hat{n}(t)$) given by:
$$ \delta \hat{n}(t) = A(t)\delta\hat{a}(t)+A^{*}(t)\delta\hat{a}^{\dagger}(t) $$
$\delta\hat{a}(t)$ is a wide-sense stationary process and $A(t)$ is a complex time-dependent deterministic factor. To c... |
$T\left\{x\left(t\right)\right\}=x\left(t\right)cos\left(\omega t\right)+1$
Can I say that? or there is another way?
$x\left(t\right)=\frac{T\left\{x\left(t\right)\right\}-1}{cos\left(\omega t\right)}$
I just do not understand if that is the way to see if a non LTI system is invertible. or there is another way ( we bar... |
I would like to downsample an image in the frequency domain to an even shape, similar to what is described in this post. I have been able to do this successfully with a 1D signal to both an odd and even downsampled resolution. For an image, I can do this with 0 error when downsampling to an odd shape, but have run into... |
im trying to implement eq. 14 of this study, but im not sure how to set an interval in python. The equation is $sumAD[k]=sumA[k] - sumA[k+1]$, where $sumA[k]=\sum_{i=1}^{N} a[i]$. N is the total number of data points in the k-interval and k=1,2,3...(M-1), where M is the total number of the intervals in a period of test... |
I have 2 stuffs that are bothering me:
I have the equation:
$y[n]=8x[n]-2x[n-2]-x[n-4]$
When $x[n]$ input and $y[n]$ output.
Now, the system is swapped, $x[n]$ output and $y[n]$ input
The difference equation is the same regarding the first system and the swapped system, right? since the only difference is in the transf... |
Hoping I can save the question and it doesn't get migrated to philosophy stackexchange as Hilmar said in any case I don't think it is a different question the question was always meant to be interdisciplinary. Maybe indeed it is closer and a better fit for Philosophy
How prepared are we to accept the assumptions of Nyq... |
Given my FPGA working frequency and the input data throughput to it I need to parallelise my FFT algorithm. For instance:
input throughput = 40 Gsps
fclock = 400 MHz
Parallelization = 40 Gsps/400 MHz = 100 -> or 128
Now in case I want to perform an FFT with 1024 points, I guess I could look for a radix-2 algorithm with... |
I have a multiuser uplink signal $$ Y=h_1x_1+h_2x_2$$ where, $h_1$ and $h_2$ are channels for user 1 and user2 respectively. At the receiver how can I equalize the signal $Y$, assuming known $h_1$and $h_2$.
|
I'm attempting to implement a non-causal Wiener filter for removing additive white noise from a measured signal. I've had some trouble and I have reduced my problem to a demonstration on simulated data with a specific question. Code is below ... my question is highlighting by the comment above it "!!!! Question:".
I th... |
lets say I am measuring ($z$) Gaussian noise with known variance sigma in each step, i.e. $z_k = v_k$, where $v_k$ is Gaussian distribution with known variance $\sigma_k$ (changing with each step) and not known $\mu_k$. I would like to test a hypothesis that the means are constant: $\mu_k = C$. Is that possible? I don... |
I am studying this paper and trying to repeat the programme. The codes I wrote based on the paper works well however there's a situation which makes me confuse. Sometimes the feasible will never be solved.
The bisection programme in this paper is based on Foundations of User-Centric Cell-Free Massive MIMO Section 3.4.... |
I am trying to build a simulation for a 2PPM signal, modulate it at high frequency and then retrieve my baseband signal. Here is my full code (minus the plots) before explaining more.
% ---------Building the Binary Pulse Position Modulated signal :--------%
% Parameters
messageLength = 10; % Number of ... |
I'm trying to understand why the Fourier transform of a chirp pulse train looks the way it does.
I will attach the result I get in MATLAB at the end of the question. I tried to develop analytically and I didn't understand if it made sense.
In addition, I would also like an explanation for the Fourier transform of a sin... |
Consider the following lab set-up:
Two instruments: a laser profiler (L) and a line scanner camera (C) are mounted on a rack so that they are facing a flat target downwards.
At time $t=0$, that is shown in the figure, the rack starts moving in positive x direction with a velocity $v$.
Every $\Delta t_L$ starting at $t... |
I am studying medical imaging and it has been stated that it is sufficient for Nyquist Theorem to hold for the signal to be Bandlimited. I am trying to understand what is the wave in a signal.
What is the wave in a signal, a variation in magnitude, of which physical quantity?
For example we have an MRI and we recond th... |
I am trying to design a filter that decays amplitude of signal passed through it proportional to the number of wavelengths that pass at that frequency in a given time.
In other words, where for every wavelength that passes at frequency $f$ (with time passed = $1/f$) the amplitude at this frequency has been reduced by $... |
(Please note that I'm aware there are already several questions asking about the difference between the two transforms. However, none of them that I could find touch on this specific issue of the affect of singularities.)
I was reading this answer which says that if,
the region of convergence is $Re\{s\}>0$ but there... |
I have a complex signal with a frequency between 0 and 16 (16 not included).
I have made four plots (in python) to show four examples. For each example I provide the signal, its FFT in both real, imag and absolute form and I show the real vs imag plot in the bottom for each example.
I was wondering whether someone coul... |
I am working in this dataset data.mendeley.com/datasets/jwyy9np4gv/3? aiming to develop a machine learning model for classifying various diseases based on lung sounds during both expiration and inspiration. At present, I am in the preprocessing stage. The noise I marked in spectrogram imahe is a sthetoscope displacemen... |
I am trying to demodulate a PPM signal in MATLAB. My signal is constructed using 2 base functions :
% Base function for bit 1 (centered around Tb/4 and has a width Tb/2) :
g1 = @(t) Ag * rectpuls(t - (1/4)*Tb, Tb/2);
% Base function for bit 0 (centered around 3/4*Tb, width Tb/2) :
g0 = @(t) Ag * rectpuls(t - (3/4)*Tb,... |
Assuming the input to an ADC is a Gaussian white noise signal, and being a bit idealistic in all senses, is there a theoretical expression that links input power to output power which can be inverted, that considers quantization and clipping effects?
It should be possible, at least with an empiric curve, but I wonder i... |
how do i conclude a waveform shows doppler tolerance, say polyphase code-frank code, without the use of ambiguity diagram? we know that it is doppler tolerant and if we check the frequency spectrum of output of matched filtering, it will show the shift right? so how do i differentiate it from 13bit barker code?
i'm try... |
I am referring to the work of Stephen A. Billings on "Identification of a class of nonlinear systems using correlation analysis" from the year 1978, where it is mentioned that the $i^{\text{th}}$ dimensional autocorrelation function for a zero mean white Gaussian process $x(t)$ with spectral density of 1 W/cycle is as ... |
Say I have a set signals consisting of damped harmonic oscillations, that I want to extract the characteristics of with the prony method. In the datasets I'm working with, it is possible for these signals to be offset from zero, but otherwise have the characteristics expected.
Detrending with a constant, as in scipy.si... |
I'm trying to pad $N=16$ zeros to the DFT of a $16$ point sinewave, but something is wrong either with my code or with my method. The method is this : I create a new $32$ point DFT where $F'(0),...,F'(N/2 - 1)$ are the elements of the original DFT, $F(0),...,F(N/2 - 1)$. I start to add $16$ zeros starting from $F'(N/2)... |
I was trying to identify Quantization Noise, Angle Random Walk, Bias Instability, and Rate Random Walk from Allan Variance plot which as Allan deviation on y axis and Sampling Time Interval T on x axis. Several sources [1][2] say that we can read these values directly from the plot when T=3^1/2, T=1, Slope=0, T=3 respe... |
On page 301 of https://stanford.edu/~dntse/Chapters_PDF/Fundamentals_Wireless_Communication_chapter7.pdf, equation (7.33) says that the magnitude of the dot product of two unit complex vectors is equal to the magnitude of the cosine angle between them.
However, from sources online, I've found that if $\vec a, \vec b$ a... |
Consider two sequences $x[n]$ and $y[n]$ being simultaneously sampled from a real-world signal.
Let $x[n]$ be a sequence of length $N$ sampled for duration of $T_x$ at rate $f_x$
$n = 0, ..., N-1$
Denote $\mathscr{F}$ the Discrete Fourier Transform operator and $X[k] = \mathscr{F}\{x[n]\}$
$k = 0, ..., N-1$
For sim... |
I have TI IWR6843ISK-ODS radar sensor and need point cloud data as output from it. The antenna arrangement is as follows:
I would like to know how to estimate elevation angle with this antenna arrangement. For azimuth angle, I am taking fft along channels 1-4-5-8 and then finding peaks. But if i apply the same to elev... |
I need to compute the Signal Correlation Time of an audio signal to check wether time-delay estimations are anomalous. In paper The Signal correlation time is defined as the width of the main lobe of the signal autocorrelation function (taken between the -3 dB points).
Therefore after computing and normalizing (between... |
I need to implement some sort of simple delta modulation for my homework.
The test signal is $x(t)=10\sin(20\pi t)+\cos(100\pi t)$, sampled at $f_s=40f_{\tt{max}}$
Block scheme of delta modulator is given as
where integrator is given as
and characteristic of 1-bit quantizer is given as
This is my code where I tried ... |
I'm quite a novice on computing Discrete Fourier Transforms with OpenCV, and I've been attempting to compute the DFT, and computing the inverse of the DFT using the latter as the input.
Judging from my attached images, from a DSP perspective, is my mapping or normalization wrong?
Here's the relevant part of code which ... |
We want to provide an ML model that recognises diseases from the voice. The feature extraction is based on a proprietary algorithm. Normally we have always used wav files. We keep asking ourselves if we could also use something like mp3? Since we probably won't be able to collect the data we collect again and we can't ... |
I create two band limited signals having a specific time-varying covariance at each time point using cholesky decomposition. My aim for this experiment was to show a scenario where sliding window correlation performs well at estimating this time-varying connection between the two signals while phase synchrony fails. Ho... |
I'm learning to use the spectral analyser in Simulink, and tested it with a 500kHz square wave (sampled at 1MHz). When I set the Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) to 700Hz, the plot was beautiful and shows only one spike at 500kHz (the higher frequency harmonics are invisible because the sampling rate is not high enough I sup... |
I did an experiment of detecting an unknown DC level in AWGN with unknown variance according to Steven M Kay's Detection Theory. For one set of samples $x(i)=a+n(i)$, the GLRT is $T_x=N\log(\hat{\sigma}_{x0}^2/\hat{\sigma}_{x1}^2)$ where $\hat{\sigma}_{x0}^2$ and $\hat{\sigma}_{x1}^2$ is the estimate of variance under ... |
Background
Music audio synthesis can be performed using underdamped resonant bandpasses as harmonic oscillators (set to harmonic frequencies of a given note). These can then be excited when input signals are run through them.
The common ways for exciting such an array of harmonic bandpasses would be: dirac impulses; so... |
For locating a target by TDOA (Time Difference Of Arrival) with $3$ stations we have the Chan method which gives an exact solution of the position.
I keep the $3$ stations but instead of measuring the arrival times, I look for the arrival angles noted by $ \theta_i$, $i \in [1,3]$. Similar to TDOA, I look at the differ... |
Suppose we take a periodic signal and perform fourier analysis over it . Now we have two ways of representing the fourier series of this particular signal , one is trigonometric fourier series and other is exponential fourier series as far as my understanding. Now the exponential fourier series gives the component sign... |
I am practicing some DSP techniques along with desktop application development using Python and PyQt. In my filter design application, I am able to create a filter by placing zeros and poles on a unit circle plot and then apply this filter to imported signal data or generate a signal by the movement of the mouse on a m... |
The phase of CPFSK is defined as in this, page 4
$$\phi(t;I) = \theta_n + 2 \pi h I_n q(t-nT)$$
for $nT \leq t \leq (n+1)T$, with $h$ defined $h=2 f_d T$ called modulation index.
What does it mean by "modulation index" that being the product of peak frequency deviation $f_d$ and symbol duration $T$? I mean "index" of w... |
I would like to ask if there is a systematic way to turn a non-symmetric filter into a symmetric equivalent with the same frequency response.
For example, let's say I have a finite length filter with the coefficients
[1,-1.5,0.5]
for its impulse response (the zeros are at $z=1$ and $z=0.5$). What would be the coeffic... |
I'm looking at complex baseband RF at a sample rate of 2.56 MHz. I've plotted the FFT of the entire spectrum, a 16 kHz segment of that spectrum, and the output of 160 decimation low pass filter that looks identical to the segment of the entire spectrum. So all of that looks as it should.
My problem is understanding amp... |
I have a data from a sensor which the connection model of $x$ and $y$ is known:
For instance, in the case above, the model is linear.
The issue is how to handle outliers.
Specifically when there are many samples yet the model parameters is small.
Linear Least Squares fails in this case as the number of outliers can be... |
Say we have an audio signal and we do a Fourier transform with block size 2048. Now the outputs correspond to 1024 different frequencies. A spectrum analyzer however doesn't just display 1024 discrete lines, but instead show a value for every frequency (example below).
Most spectrum analyzers seem to do that in the exa... |
I am reading an elementary book on signal processing - "Signals and Systems".
It never struck until recently, the math involving signal processing seemingly has a lot more depth than the book presents. I always suspected some elementary linear algebra and mathematical analysis. But now, I am certain it entails function... |
Is there any physical significance of complex exponentials.
I mean can we produce them like how we can produce sinusoidal signals using a signal generator?
OR are they just pure mathematical convenience that help us in signal analysis?
I am expecting more of an intuitive answer rather than an abstract mathematical rela... |
I am making a Desktop application using PyQT as the app is a Digital Filter
You can add zeros and poles to a unit circle and apply the filter to the data
the data can be of two types
1- saved data on the pc that you can open (CSV file)
2- generated signal using a mouse movement on a pad and here is the UI of the app
n... |
I'm trying to reconcile the fact that decimation without low-pass filtering does not modify the ratio of signal to interference power in the time domain with the fact that, in the frequency domain, interfering signals can alias on top of the signal of interest. I'm thinking about something here in the wrong way but I'm... |
I am trying to build a simulation on MATLAB for PPM transmission through AWGN channel. I have a function wrapping the transmitter, channel and receiver that takes a SNR value as input. My simulation program does multiple iterations for different SNR values and plot the bit error probability (BER) as a function of SNR (... |
I have such setting:
Where $Y_M(S)$ is the transfer function of the model I am trying to approximate with $Y_U(S)$, what I have is the data of the signal corrupted with noise.
I am trying to create a model using Matlab's System Identification Toolbox, but the models I am coming up with are covering 3.5% variability to... |
I am using FFTs to perform real-time convolution of audio signals on small embedded microcontrollers. I am thinking about testing different/smaller data types to represent the complex bins. I am particularly interested in the q15 fixed point type that would be supported by an int16. I know that the usual one scales the... |
I saw this question was being asked here a few times, but none got actual answer that helped me ( at other Transform of course ).
$$X\left(z\right)=\frac{1-3z^{-1}}{\left(1-0.2z^{-1}\right)\left(1+0.6z^{-1}\right)}$$
If I do by partial fractions, I will receive:
$$X\left(z\right)=-\frac{7}{2}\cdot \frac{1}{1-0.2z^{-1}}... |
I'm trying to set up a Kalman filter for my system
$$ x_{k+1} = f(u_k) $$
$$ z_{k+1} = g(x_{k+1}) $$
and found that while the filter "works" (able to reduce rmse from 1.5% in the open loop model to 0.9%), the performance doesn't seem to be affected by the covariances settings (P, Q, R) at all. I tried setting them to a... |
I need help to understand the difference between two fractional Fourier transform implementations.
On this website two different implementations for the fractional Fourier transform are presented (frft, and frft2). The two implementations are provided as Matlab code.
The accompanying paper on the linked website describ... |
I need help understanding what in what is wrong with what I am doing, or why is this happening.
So basically I have two tables and one variable:
u=21000x1 - the original signal
y=21000x1 - signal corrupted by the noise
dt= 1^-4
I am trying to make a polynomial model based on ARX(I will have to try out ARMAX, BJ and OE... |
1) Kronecker
I was instructed here that a single sample Kronecker delta unit impulse function (goes from 0 to $A$ to 0 again in single sample) has a white noise type frequency response - all frequencies are equally excited. Is that true?
2) Pulse
If you widen that into 2, 3, or $n$ number of samples width, it becomes a... |
I am using HackRF or Pluto SDR for transmission of a CW signal, after reading the documentation of the HackRF one SDR I found out that it transmits data in only 8-bit signed quadrature samples. Now I want to convert the complex data to 8-bit signed data, which will be stored as a .bin file which then will be transmitte... |
In class, my professor mentioned that "Linear systems must be symmetric under time reversal" in an off-handed way and did not clarify further. I assume this is true, but I'm not sure how one would show this based off the definition of linear that I once learned.
I'm assuming symmetric under time reversal means:
$$x(n) ... |
If $E(t)$ is a carrier modulated by a complex baseband signal, what is the PSD of $|E(t)|^2$?
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I am trying to clear my understanding of frequency bands.
When a particular wireless network standard like WiFi 6 claims operation in the $2.4$ GHz or $5$ GHz band, what do these values refer to? I am assuming they are the carrier center frequency of the transmitting device? The term band generally refers to a collecti... |
I am very much a rookie, so apologies for the terrible knowledge or misconceptions. I'm looking at this mostly in the context of GPS (or sending a signal with a very low SNR ratio).
I understand BPSK for the most part. Shifting phase by 180 degrees which is essentially just flipping it (atleast in my case).
I am just t... |
I've got a signal from a respiratory sensor (chest strap, piezo sensor) and I need to extract (live) the breath-per-minute value. Now for a nice steady signal this is not such a problem, the problem occurs when unexpected noise enters the signal such as when the participant starts moving his torso and/or arms. Simply r... |
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