instruction stringlengths 31 27k |
|---|
Given the following transfer function,
$$H(z) = \frac{6 + 4z^{-1}}{2 + 5z^{-1} - 3z^{-2}}$$
How do we find the zeros of the transfer function? We can write the above expression as
$$\frac{3(1+\frac{2}{3}z^{-1})}{(1-\frac{1}{2}z^{-1})(1 + 3z^{-1})}$$
As per the above expression, the system has one zero at $z = -\frac{2}... |
I did some derivation of the IF signal of the FMCW using sawtooth LFM.
A chirp with sawtooth LFM is expressed like below
$$x_T (t)=\cos\left(2\pi f_c t + \frac{\pi}{T}B (t-mT)^2 \right)$$
Where, $f_c$ is the center frequency, $T$ is the chrip duration, and $m$ is the number of chirp in the frame.
The two-way time delay... |
I am new to DSP and I am trying to understand how to work with fixed point operations and in particular the Q31 format.
In floating point (full range) I am doing some multiplications, it could be for example 6.0 * 10.0 = 60.0. Converting this to Q31 would require first scaling it down to [-1,1) and then converting that... |
[ Edit: the CMA code seems to work after all, the problem is likely elsewhere (timing recovery), see added text at the end. ]
Yesterday I implemented some CMA code for polarization demultiplexing which does not seem to work, 2 possible outcomes:
I made an error in the code and are completely blind to see what it is (s... |
I make a comparison between the basic FIR filter Vs Distributed Arithmetic FIR
First: basic FIR
Second: DA FIR
Then, I implemented Distributed Arithmetic FIR Filters by 2 methods:
1st: Serial
If the input sample is M bits, so the FIR needs M clock cycles to generate the output
When implemented, it produced optimized ... |
I'm trying to compute SNR from a signal in which by visual inspection I can guess the SNR but I cannot compute it because I cannot find the fundamental frequency of the signal as I should be.
On the top you have the original signal and below the signal filtered with a 3rd order bandpass filter with butter configuratio... |
$$x_a(t) = 10 + 4\cos(30\pi t +\frac\pi 3) - \sin(250\pi t + \frac 14) -3\cos(500t + \frac \pi4) $$
$\textbf{Question:}$
This signal is first sampled at a rate of $f_s = 100$ samples per second to get a discrete array $x[n]$. Find $x[n]$.
That $x[n]$ is transmitted to the receiver. The receiver only knows that the rec... |
I am trying to figure out how one can reduce or preferably remove autocorrelation in spatially correlated data. Using the R code below, one generates spatially correlated data that is normally distributed. How can then one eliminate autocorrelation (corr = 0.7) whilst maintaining normality?
n = 100
X = rnorm(n)
sigma =... |
Following this post some user advised that the filter developed there should be broken down into first and second-order sections and cascaded. In a paper i found the same thing is told:
So i made what the authors told in matlab:
B = [1 0 ; 1 0.3 ; 1 -1; 1 -1 ; 1 -1; 1 -1];
A = [1 -0.2025 ; 1 -0.2025 ; 1 -0.9860 ; 1 -... |
Can anyone explain to me how to use this equation to find the Order?
Let's say
$$\Omega_p/\Omega_s =0.509$$ and $$e/\delta = 0.00349$$
How can I find the Order? I'm so lost i don't know how to use this equation.
If there is another equation for determining the order to elliptic filters please provide it.
$$N = \frac{K(... |
The signal in question consists of small quasi-periodic "packets" having a certain shape (outlined with green; gets closer to Gaussian as there are more peaks per packet). The problem is that there is a periodic signal (marked with red dots) which, when overlapping with a "packet", spoils its shape and thus complicate... |
I know when there are two independent random variables X and Y, the correlation coefficient is
But what if the two random variables are dependent, for example, Y-X and X+Y, how can I represent them in the form of E[X], E[Y], Var[X], and Var[Y]?
|
I am trying to rewrite some Python signal processing code in C++ and am stuck trying to figure out how to replicate behavior of lfilter with initial condition.
The documentation for lfilter says that the kwarg zi input is 'Initial conditions for the filter delays'. When I run lfilter and ippsIIR64f on the same data wit... |
Suppose I have a complex pulse in time $\sim{S}(t)$. This pulse represents an electric field, therefore $\sim{S} = |S|e^{i\varphi(t)}e^{i\omega_ct}$ where $\varphi$ is the temporal phase of the pulse (which in this case I know to be a constant), and $\omega_c$ being the pulse center frequency.
If I can measure $|S|$, t... |
Suppose I perform a DFT on some function with sampling rate of $\frac{1}{\Delta t}$. According to this page, the bandwidth, which is the maximum frequency that can be analyzed when performed the DFT, is half of the sampling rate, i.e. $\frac{1}{2\Delta t}$. Why is this true and how can we prove this mathematically?
|
How do we perform DFT when the input signal depends on 2 variables (like in a image the color of the pixel depends on both $x$ and $y$)
|
I have a noisy signal $f(t)$ that is measured in time, and I am interested in estimating it's power spectrum, or frequency content. The signal has an impulse response so it can be described as a sum of these impulses $f(t)=\sum \alpha_i I(t_i)$, where $I$ can be a sinc function or a Ricker wavelet or something I can in... |
I am a PH.D in mathematics. I am interested in finding some applications of discrete Sine/Cosine transformations (DTTs) that are based on the eigenvectors.
I have found some results concerning computing the eigenvectors of DTTs. Indeed they suggest some ways to find them approximately (See for examples Tseng and Pei).
... |
I took some signal from the real hardware. I have an amplifier which provides non linearity in my resulting signal. Suppose, I have an algorithm which iteratively suppress this nonlinear effects and run LDPC decoder after every iteration to obtain the valid codeword
The problem I faced with is the following: everything... |
I'm also quite new to world of radar signal processing. I don't understand why we have to make phase unwrapping process. Could you light in me about it? It would be nice conversation speak about it.
I would appreciate if you share useful resources, I am stuck on this. I have read 4-5 articles about detection of human v... |
I'm hoping someone could help me find a demodulation approach to an FSK signal contained in wav files that has 14 unique, and evenly spaced channels. They appear to be separated into 7 BFSK pairs. I.E. the source will emit energy on either channel 0 or 1, then either 2 or 3, 4 or 5, and so on. It never emits energy on ... |
The Discrete Fourier transform of a 1D discrete decay function $d[n]=e^{-a n}$ is simply computed as the sum of a geometric series: $$\tilde{d}[k] = \sum_{n=0}^{N-1}e^{-a n}e^{2 j \pi n k/N} = \frac{1-e^{-a N}}{1-e^{-a -2 j \pi k/N}}$$
However in 2D things seem less obvious to me: is there any closed form for the 2D DF... |
I have a MIPs-limited DSP platform where I am taking an FFT of a streaming audio signal at regular intervals. I need to find the top 4 amplitude peaks and their corresponding frequency for every frame. I am using the "standard" FFT interpolation formula to get accurate frequency estimation when the true peak is between... |
$\textbf{Question:}$
$y_a(t)$ is a rectangular waveform defined as:
$$\
y_a(t) =
\begin{cases}
2 &t \in [0,1/25)s\\
0 &t \in [1/25,1/15)s
\end{cases}$$
and $y_a(t)$ is periodic with a ... |
I have an EEG signal of length 2 sec. sampled at a rate of 200 Hz. If $\vec{x}$ denotes my signal in $\mathbb{R}^{400}$, then I can obtain the DFT by computing $W\vec{x}$,
where $W$ denotes the 400-by-400 DFT Matrix. (I use the convention that columns are normalized.) The signal and its "two-sided ?" amplitude spectrum... |
I've got an electronics circuit which was filtering between a Passive HPF stage (1uF and 330K) and an Active LPF stage (4.7uF and 10K). As you can see it was filtering between 0.48Hz and 3.38Hz, and it was working just fine as my signal of approx. 1.17 Hz was crystal clear on the plotter.
Now just to test whether I can... |
I was thinking why color spaces use two numbers to represent color: Lab, HSV, HSL? Is it possible to use one number and have the same or very similar properties when comparing colors as we have for two number color representation.
I read the Wikipedia article about HSL and HSV, it mentions that color spaces were create... |
For an antenna that operates in both polarizations, how do I convert its EIRP density, given in dBW/Hz assuming one polarization, to the dBW/Hz value for both polarizations?
For instance, if EIRP = -76.47 dBW/Hz/pol (this is the value assuming one polarizations), technical documents simply give -73.46 dBW/Hz due to bot... |
I am trying to understand how the Goertzel algorithm can be useful. I know it provides efficient evaluation of individual terms of a DFT, and I read that it can be used for pitch detection by evaluating the DFT terms in individual bins. However, the absolute value of a certain frequency bin doesn't tell us much about t... |
My understanding of the FMCW was limited to one chirp and was mostly focused on frequency analysis. (Mostly built upon this answer)
I wanted to expand my understanding to multiple chirps and was introduced to the equation below
$$\phi_0-2\pi\frac{2v}{c}f_cnT_c-2\pi\left[\frac{2v}{c}(f_c+nB)+\frac{B}{T_c}t_d\right]t$$
W... |
I am making a model for detecting blurred part of an image. I'm using features described in the paper Blurred Image Region Detection And Segmentation by Hyukzae Lee and Changick Kim, and I have a problem with their equation for computing magnitude of the gradient.
In the paper they talk about
using HOS enhance strong ... |
I've started with these series to teach myself image processing and I am wondering when the camera's projection matrix (i.e. intrinsic and extrinsic matrices) is calculated?
Is camera calibration a one-time task at the factory? Or, does it need to be performed regularly for some reason?
|
I am trying to establish a similarity index for two different signals. These signals are quite different in amplitude and signal length. Their waveform is sinusoidal, and frequencies are at a close rate with each other. So, I would like to enter a similarity measure for them. How can I achieve this?
Here is the pictur... |
I have 6 first order filters, each one has 2 coefficients (B(x1,x1), B(x2,x2) for the numerator and A(y1,y1),A(y2,y2) for the denominator).
B = [0.6 0 ; 1 0.3 ; 1 -1; 1 -1 ; 1 -1; 1 -1]; % b(1,1) ajustado para 0.6
A = [1 -0.2025 ; 1 -0.2025 ; 1 -0.9860 ; 1 -0.9097 ; 1 -0.9973 ; 1 -0.9973];
[H1,f1] = freqz([B(1,1) B(1,... |
I have the following code block. Im just trying to calculate the periodogram of the signal $x$ with a built-in periodogram function and without any built-in periodogram function. I get the same pattern but the amplitudes are not equal. What am I missing there?
clear
close all
j = sqrt(-1);
n = 1:1:256;
noise_mean = 0;
... |
I have IIR filter coefficients and zeroes, poles for that filters. But all filters are generated with 192kHz sample rate. I have no other info about filter properties such as Fc or filter type or Q.
Is there a way to regenerate new coefficients with different sample rates? Or any module in matlab / python?
Gain:
g = 0.... |
I had to read input .wav audio file first, then add Gaussian white noise to the input audio signal and I've finished that part. Now I have to add a channel model whose impulse response is:
h[n] = [−0.015, 0.058, −0.350, 1.000, −0.350, 0.058, −0.005]
This is what the communication system should look like. I have to a... |
In the context of DFT calculation, I would like you to explain me why I get this red curve:
I work with a DFT simulator I built myself in Python. When I plot the output $y[t]$ with the impulsional response $h(t) = \delta (t)$, an input $u(t) = \sin(t) \nu(t)$ and with any resolution, I obtain a "normal" sinus as expec... |
I was wondering if a large drop in the plot of the PSD of a sensor measurement could indicate the presence of a periodic noise.
Here is my PSD:
Thank you.
|
I need to calculate cross correlation between 2 images which I read in 2 vectors, both of them uni-dimensional.
As per my understanding I need to do the following operations:
FFT(1D) on vector 1 and vector 2
Multiplication between the outputs of the FFT applied on each vector
IFFT(1D) of the multiplication
If I'd wan... |
I am exploring the cross correlation function in Julia between two complex-valued Time Series Objects Z1 and Z2 with this simple code:
using DSP
Compute the cross-correlation between the real components
rX = xcorr(X1, X2)
Compute the cross-correlation between the imaginary components
rY = xcorr(Y1, Y2)
Compute the cros... |
I'm writing an autocorrelation function using and I noticed a difference between fftconvolve and convolve that should use fft if it's faster.
This is my function with convolve:
def autocorrelation(x: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
from scipy.signal import convolve
return convolve(x, x[::-1])[len(x)-1:]
And that's... |
$\textbf{Question:}$ An analog-to-discrete is designed as,
$$x[n] = x_a(nT)$$
In an attempt to recover the analog signal from its samples x[n], a D/A converter is designed as ,
where $x_1(t)$ is defined as:
$$x_1(t) = x[n]e^{-a(t-nT)} \ \text{ if } \ nT \leq t <(n+1)T$$
Design the LTI filter which would get $x_... |
I do audio signal processing using Python (scipy, numpy etc.) I'm trying to "mix" 2 audio signals in a way that reduces phase canceling as much as possible. So I do an FFT of the 2 signals, add the amplitudes only and keep the phases of the 1st signal then invert back to signal (waveform). It actually works pretty well... |
How can I compute the coefficients of the transfer function with the following difference equation:
$$y[n]=x[n]+y[n-1]-0.5y[n-2]$$
|
I am trying to replicate the basic method of vital signal detection based on FMCW radars I found in classical literature on the subject. The issue I am facing at the moment is that of IQ data DC offset correction. As shown in the two figures below, the IQ data in an overwhelming majority of papers at the selected range... |
We have a system $A$, and I measure that system's state, $s(t)$ using a very accurate probing tool that captures zero noise. The state can be whatever signal, like the voltage, current, etc. Assume that the highest frequency of $s(t)$ is 5K, and according to Nyquist's theory, I need at least 10K sampling frequency to r... |
I have radial velocity data (time, radial velocity amplitude, error). I want to find a periodicity of those data points for which I'm using the Generalized Lomb-Scargle method (https://github.com/mzechmeister/GLS.git). Below is the periodogram I received using this code. As you can see, there are two peaks, one at freq... |
Background
My typical approach to fixed point design for digital filters is to iteratively scale and increase quantization while comparing the fixed point simulation to the floating point design target until errors are sufficiently minimized.
I've taken a recent interest in going deeper into the details of quantization... |
Assume a (continuous) band-limited signal $f$, that is, a signal for which $F(s) = 0$ for all $\lvert s \rvert > p / 2$.
If the signal is sampled with frequency $p$,
we can reconstruct it by cutting off the frequency band corresponding to one period of its spectrum:
$$
\mathcal{F}^{-1}\left( \Pi_p(\mathcal{F}f \star \h... |
Assuming the signal shown below :
I have found an expression for fourier series coeffecients as the following:
$$a_{k} = \frac{1}{5}+\frac{j}{5}\sin{\frac{2\pi}{5}k}$$
Which matches with what the books suggests as an answer.
My confusion is this : why are they not purely imaginary ?
I tried to prove this property the ... |
In the world of 3D vision, constructing a 3D model from multiple view imagery is an important topic. The stereo matching step is one of the most crucial steps. Based on the benchmark of KITTI2012 and KITTI2015, most state-of-the-art methods are training-based methods. I.e., algorithms need domain-specific training data... |
Left is scalogram of exponential chirp, right is of a bunch of these within time shifts (Shepard Tone):
Is there audio terminology for describing this, besides "rising frequency"? Rising pitch? Rising timbre? Would the two cases be described with different phrases (ignore cross-fading etc for the right case, just focu... |
I have two signal spectrums. I represent them with polynomial coefficients and then do convolution.
fig 1 & 2 are the two signal spectrums and their corresponding polynomial representations. (I have used numpy.polynomial.polynomial.Polynomial.fit and convert().coef). As far as I know, the .fit() method uses least squar... |
I am working on an SDR composed system that is plugged into a Raspberry Pi board powered by a 5V DC Power bank. The SDR is configured to measure a signal around 400 MHz.
The noise floor measured by the SDR seem to be affected by the power bank noise (compared to a setting with a lab power generator) which is causing lo... |
I'm interested in analyzing a windowed signal in terms of a weighted sum of sawtooth waves. Being a somewhat DSP newbie, is there an obvious approach to this? I realize that sawtooth waves don't form an orthogonal basis like sinusoids do, so the problem is probably a bit ill-defined. A least squares solution or some ot... |
I would like to numerically observe the rotation property of the Fourier transform. I believe that it is not possible since the rotation property is for the continuous transform and the DFT introduces an aliasing problem due to imperfect sampling of the input and also has a circular nature.
From the rotation property, ... |
I have a long music track (2 hours) which consists of many smaller tracks (1 min each in avg). How to programmatically or using a service to determine the time position of a particular small track in a long track?
Thank you
|
Context: I am a PhD student in physics and right now I am studying phase retrieval with low illumination
With two different parameters I obtain these two images:
With hight illumination (less noise) and the same parameters I obtain:
The real object is pi.
One parameter that I use to estimate the quality of the recons... |
I understand intuitively the concept of Fourier transforms of 1D signals and 2D images. In the case of a 1D signal, an FFT gives the relative contribution of sinusoids with different frequencies and phases for reconstructing the original 1D signal -- thus there are three free parameters in 1D: the frequency, phase shif... |
What are the results of the two-dimensional Fourier transform of the image?
For an intuitive interpretation of the Fourier transform, refer to the link below.
enter link description here
The link explains that using the Fourier transform results in the following:
However, the results I got using matlab fft2 are as fo... |
Do the result of DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) of a 1D sequence order as low frequency to high frequency? and why is that?
|
I would like to create a pulsed RF signal that has a carrier frequency of 2 GHz by IQ up-conversion. The pulse should be 2-4 ns long. The carrier phase has to jump by 90° in the centre of the pulse. The problem is that my IQ modulator has only 200 MHz bandwidth. I work at an IF of 100 MHz, the maximum IF sampling rate ... |
What is the main purpose of histogram equalization on image? Is it used to enhance contrast of image or is its goal finding a transformation which gets a more
uniformly histogram?
Although Wikipedia says:
Histogram equalization is a method in image processing of contrast adjustment using the image's histogram.
But it... |
I need to visualize one image in two intersecting planes. The attached picture shows an example of what I want to do. However, it uses an equation:
(V = X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2-Z.^2);) , while I want to insert my image instead.
[X,Y,Z] = meshgrid(-2:.2:2);
V = X.*exp(-X.^2-Y.^2-Z.^2);
xslice = 0;
yslice = [];
zslice = 0;
... |
Please tell me if i understand it correctly and if not, where am i wrong? Say we have an image like this: $
\begin{matrix}
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
4 & 3 & 2 & 1\\
2 & 4 & 3 & 1\\
4 & 1 & 2 & 3
\end{matrix}
$
If we calculate the DFT of it by columns, we have two matrices, one of real and one of imaginary numbers:
... |
I feel dumb for not grasping this is first couple of times this was explained to me, but I feel like I will grasp this with a simple question.
If I have a passband signal at a center frequency of 3 GHz and a bandwidth of 200 MHz, would the sampling rate need to be 2 * (3 GHz + (200 MHz / 2)) = 6.3 GHz. Since the highes... |
While studying the whitening filter, I still can't come up with an intuitive and reasonable explanation of why a whitening filter is needed.
As this question and its answer mentioned, I understand that a whitening filter 'decorrelates' the colored noise samples. However, I don't understand why we would like to 'decorre... |
I am currently studying dsp and I have a question:
Let us assume multiple FIR filters with generalized linear phase of Type III and real IRs $h_1[n], h_2[n], ..., h_k[n],$ interconnected in parallel. Concerning the resulting filter, can we conclude something about its zeros, as well as whether it has generalized linear... |
Wikipedia - Adaptive Histogram Equalization says about classic Histogram Equalization:
This works well when the distribution of pixel values is similar throughout the image. However, when the image contains regions that are significantly lighter or darker than most of the image, the contrast in those regions will not ... |
I am using $x_k(t,f)$, the FFT of the 1-d signal x weighted by the k'th Slepian function in a window around time t. k goes from 1 to K.
This allows defining the multi-taper spectrogram:
$$S(t,f) = \sum_k x_k * x_{k}^{'}$$
for a given direction in the (t,f) plane (t=time, f=frequency) whose angle with the t axis is thet... |
Isolation of different human voices from audio
Separate two voices from a speech signal
Several years ago it was hard to extract voice from music and almost impossible to separate two human voices from mixed stereo or mono tracks. With AI algorithms' aid there are many services allowing separation of voice/music or eve... |
I want to understand the main idea behind AHE and the way for applying it manually with my hands.
Wikipedia says:
In its simplest form, each pixel is transformed based on the histogram of a square surrounding the pixel, as in the figure below. The derivation of the transformation functions from the histograms is exact... |
I have a classifier that is trained on a dataset sampled at 100Hz. I am using this classifier on a MCU (the teensy 4.0 dev board) for inference and not training. However, the ADC chip I am using samples at 250, 500, 1k, 2k, .... The simplest thing I can think of is set the ADC to sample at 500 Hz, and take the average ... |
How can I find the distance from DC term (center) to the peak point of the frequency in the image Fourier transform?
In the figure below, we know that the distance of the peak point goes to the edge of the high frequency file. But we don't know how far away it is.(shown in red)
For example, if the peak point is 3 pixe... |
I built a phase vocoder in JavaScript based on this paper. It works great, except for a crackling artifact that is present in the rebuilt signal.
I recorded this clip if you want to hear what it sounds like
Here’s somethings I’ve noticed regarding this artifact:
it doesn’t get better or worse with time expansion or co... |
I need to implement cross-correlation of 2 images in C++. The process is unclear to me since i do not seem to find a definite formula for it.
What i thought this means:
FFT2 on both images
multiply them: FFT2(IMG1)*conj(FFT2(IMG2))
IFFT2 on the output
I seem to get another version each time, thus confusing me, and i ... |
Let us denote $C_{2\pi}$ by the set of all $2\pi$-periodic continuous signals $x:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$.
Fix $n\in \mathbb{N}$ and put
$$\Lambda_n=\{y\in C_{2\pi}: \mathcal{F}(y)[k]=0 ~\operatorname{for all}~ |k|\leq n \}$$
Let $z\in C_{2\pi}$ such that its Fourier coefficients satisfy $\mathcal{F}(z)[k]=0$ for a... |
could anyone recommend some articles how to estimate noise variance for the single carriers system with burst mode transmission (preamble+data TDMA)?
My goal at the beginning is to develop skills how detect the preamble. I take the simplest case as a starting point, AWGN channel. I am going to use a BPSK preamble with ... |
The 2D Morlet formed separably as product of 1D Morlets, used in JTFS, is said to have "spin":
$$
\begin{align}
\Psi_{{\mu, l, +1}}(t, \lambda)
&= \psi_\mu(t) \psi_{l}(+\lambda)
&& \text{spin up} \\
\Psi_{{\mu, l, -1}}(t, \lambda)
&= \psi_\mu(t) \psi_{l}(-\lambda)
&& \text{spin down} \\
\end{align}
$$
visualized ... |
I want to know how calculate pulsating current on FET switches in a PWM class D amplifier versus RMS current of the fundamental sine wave after the filter.
It depends on the positive and negative voltage?
Does it depend on the frequency of the PWM?
Does it depend on the modulating frequency?
What is the equation that r... |
I have the gain response of an amplifier and its phase response curves, in an appropriate frequency range. I also have a set of output (from the system) discrete data $y[n]$. How would one go about inferring the sequence $x[n]$ in the input? I can safely assume that the system is a so-called minimum phase system; so it... |
As per this post the cross-correlation between 2 images is obtained as it follows:
def cross_correlate_2d(x, h):
h = ifftshift(ifftshift(h, axes=0), axes=1)
return ifft2(fft2(x) * np.conj(fft2(h))).real
x = np.array(Image.open("covid.png").convert("L")) / 255.
h1 = x.copy()
out1 = cross_correlate_... |
Experimental data description: below image is from spectrogram of doppler radar return as I walk toward sensor. Bright sinusoid shape modulated with frequency F is from motion of small retroreflector swinging in my right hand. Lower level ripple at freq. 2*F from my overall walking motion. Other noisy signals at F and ... |
I have confusion on MRC(Maximal Ratio Combining) method which I would like to clarify. An example is where I have 1 transmit antenna and 4 receive antennas. The concept of MRC is to combine all the signal from 4 receive antennas such that the combined SNR is increased (given the phase is corrected).
Once the MRC proces... |
I have experimental data where I collected data points over time and my "signal" looks oscillatory in nature (y-axis values are more or less constrained in a y-axis bandwidth), but the curve is irregular and not a pretty, or regular sinusoid so there is no visible repitition to visually determine the signal's frequency... |
I was doing some basic work recently using an FFT to process real valued data that consists of two tones. The tones always have the same spacing and are never present in the signal together. We can assume the following parameters
Tone A: 300 Hz
Tone B: 1300 Hz
Sample Rate: 44100
My tone spacing is 1000 Hz. I want my ... |
I am learning to how it is working this data processing. But I am little bit a confused. There are different ways to obtain this range-time table.
As you can see the picture, obtaining the range-fft data directly settled to the range bin table. I want to ask. Shouldn't there be just as many boxes as the more adc sample... |
Even though the concept of an incrementally linear system is mentioned in several textbooks, I haven't found an explicit definition. What exactly do we mean by "incrementally linear"?
|
Code for signal:
def my_s(t):
return 2*np.sin(2*np.pi*50*t) + np.sin(2*np.pi*70*t+np.pi/4)
N = int(70*2.5) # sampling rate
T = 1 / N # sampling interval
x = np.arange(0, np.pi/9, T)
y = my_s(x)
Why first true bin is less 2? Why a lot of false bins?
What is a phase graph? What can be understood from it?
How can... |
I'm using NMF (Non-negative Matrix Factorization) on a Blind Source Separation application and using sparsity, decorrelation and smoothness regularization on the Frobenius Norm Cost Function using ALS algorithm.
So, the cost function is:
$$D_F(\boldsymbol Y||\boldsymbol A\boldsymbol X)=\frac{1}{2}||\boldsymbol Y-\bolds... |
Question
I'm trying to understand the relation of the result of the recursive DFT to the original signal. I have a signal with a sampling frequency of 4000 Hz and the recursive phasor estimation algorithm, which is based on the following expression:
$$\dot{X_{k}}=\dot{X_{k-1}}+\frac{2}{N}\cdot(X_{k}-X_{k-N})\cdot e^{-\... |
I was trying to think about how to do time-domain analysis of a real-valued signal to determine if it contains a particular carrier. I can obviously just compute an FFT, but that transforms a window of samples into the frequency domain. I don't necessarily need a measurement of the entire frequency domain, just to dete... |
I have the following data from a generic rain gauge / temperature sensor captured using an Arduino validated against raw data captured using Audacity.
Similar to this question Decoding of binary signal from a temperature sensor I am looking for assistance understanding how these binary values relate to temperature meas... |
Suppose the input signal has 1024 samples, and I want to take a 1024-point FFT.
Can I instead take the 8-point FFT of the first 8 input samples then another 8 samples and continue this till the end?
Sorry I've just started with DSP.
|
Suppose I have a signal $x(t)$ of bandpass bandwidth of $2W$ Hz. The sampling frequency must be at least $2W$ in baseband, because the largest frequency component is $W$ Hz. I understand that, when we shift a signal to the baseband, we ignore the negative frequencies, and double the power in the positive half. What if ... |
Assume we have an OFDM signal received with AWGN + phase noise. Then, we extracted some subcarriers after the demodulation. Now each subcarrier $Y_l[k]$ includes a noise component $Z_l[k]$ according to this equation:
$$ Y_l[k] = H_l[k] X_l[k] + Z_l[k] $$
My question is: are the noise components of each subcarrier depen... |
How we can prove that the t-error-correcting Reed-Solomon code with symbols from $GF(2^m)$ generated by
$$g(X)=(X+\alpha)(X+\alpha^2)...(X+\alpha^{2t})$$
has minimum distance exactly $2t+1$ where $\alpha$ is a primitive element in $GF(2^m)$.
I remember one theorem that says no $2t$ columns of its parity-check matrix mu... |
I'm downsampling a given .wav from 44100 to 22050 samples/second. When I play it back I'm looking at the signal with an EQ, and I would expect that I wouldn't see any content above ~11k. However, I see lots of high frequency content all the way up to ~40k.
How is this possible? Is this a sign that I'm downsampling inco... |
I have a project where i need to recreate hue specific hue adjustment sliders like in Lightroom/Capture One/DxO photolab.
Initial image.
Image after hue adjustment (Orange hue range) in DxO Photolab.
After some research i found that they seem to use smoothstep function to smooth transition.
I designed a function tha... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.