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Itchy bottom | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/itchy-anus/ | You can often do simple things yourself to ease an itchy bottom (anus). Get medical help if the itching does not stop.
How to ease an itchy bottom yourself
Do
gently wash and dry your anus after pooing and before bed
wash with water only, or use unscented soap when washing
wear loose-fitting cotton underwear
keep... |
Itchy skin | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/itchy-skin/ | Itchy skin is not usually a sign of anything serious. You can often treat it yourself and it will usually go away after a few weeks.
How to treat itchy skin yourself
Sometimes itching is caused by dry, cracked or irritated skin. There are simple things you can do to help ease the itching. These things may also help st... |
IVF | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/ | In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is one of several techniques available to help people with fertility problems have a baby. During IVF, an egg is removed from the woman's ovaries and fertilised with sperm in a laboratory. The fertilised egg, called an embryo, is then returned to the woman's womb to grow and develop. It can... |
Japanese encephalitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/japanese-encephalitis/ | Japanese encephalitis is a rare but serious infection you can get from mosquito bites in some parts of the world. If you're travelling to an area where there's a risk of catching it, you can get a vaccine to help prevent it.
Check if you're at risk of Japanese encephalitis
Japanese encephalitis is not found in the UK.... |
Jaundice | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice/ | Jaundice is when your skin or the whites of your eyes turn yellow. It can be a sign of something serious, such as liver disease, so you need to get urgent medical help.
Urgent advice: Ask for an urgent GP appointment or get help from NHS 111 if:
your skin or the white part of your eyes look yellowYou may also have it... |
Jaundice in newborns, see Newborn jaundice | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jaundice-newborn/ | Jaundice in newborn babies is common and usually harmless. It causes yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. The medical term for jaundice in babies is neonatal jaundice.
Yellowing of the skin can be more difficult to see in brown or black skin. It might be easier to see on the palms of the hands or the soles... |
Jaw pain, see Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/temporomandibular-disorder-tmd/ | Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a condition affecting the movement of the jaw. It's not usually serious and generally gets better on its own.
Check if you have temporomandibular disorder (TMD)
Symptoms of TMD include:pain around your jaw, ear and templeclicking, popping or grinding noises when you move your jawa h... |
Jellyfish and other sea creature stings | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jellyfish-and-other-sea-creature-stings/ | What to do if you've been stung
Important:
Get help if possible
If you've been stung by a sea creature such as a jellyfish, seek local medical advice as soon as possible. You could ask a lifeguard or someone with first aid training for help.
If help is not available:
Do
rinse the affected area with seawater (not f... |
Jet lag | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/jet-lag/ | Jet lag is when your normal sleep pattern is disturbed after a long flight. It usually improves within a few days as your body adjusts to the new time zone.
Ways to reduce jet lag
Jet lag cannot be prevented, but there are things you can do to reduce its effects. Get plenty of rest before you travel. You could start g... |
Joint hypermobility syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/joint-hypermobility-syndrome/ | Symptoms of joint hypermobility syndrome
You or your child may have joint hypermobility syndrome if you:often get tired, even after restkeep getting pain and stiffness in your joints or muscleskeep getting sprains and strainskeep dislocating your joints (they "pop out")have poor balance or co-ordinationhave thin, stret... |
Joint pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/joint-pain/ | Joint pain is common, especially as you get older. There are things you can do to ease the pain but get medical help if it's very painful or it does not get better.
Types of joint pain
Common types of joint pain include:knee painshoulder painhip painfoot pain, including your ankle and toeshand pain, including your wri... |
Kawasaki disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kawasaki-disease/ | Kawasaki disease is a condition that mainly affects children under the age of 5. It's also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. A child with Kawasaki disease has a high temperature that lasts for 5 days or longer, and possibly 1 or more of the following symptoms:a rashswollen glands in the neckdry, red cracked l... |
Keloid scars | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/keloid-scars/ | A keloid scar is a raised scar left on the skin after a wound has healed. You cannot get rid of it, but treatment can help improve how it looks.
Check if you have a keloid scar
A keloid scar usually appears a few weeks to years after you damage or injure your skin, such as after a cut, burn or acne.
Keloid scars are ... |
Keratosis pilaris | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/keratosis-pilaris/ | Keratosis pilaris is a very common harmless condition where small bumps appear on your skin. It can last for a long time, but there are treatments that may help.
Check if you have keratosis pilaris
Symptoms of keratosis pilaris may include:
Dry rough skin.
Credit: Alamy Stock Photo https://www.alamy.com/the-arm-of-a... |
Kidney cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-cancer/ | What is kidney cancer?
Symptoms
Causes
Tests and next steps
Treatment
Help and support |
Kidney failure, see Chronic kidney disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-disease/ | Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition where the kidneys do not work as well as they should. It's a common condition often associated with getting older. It can affect anyone, but it's more common in people who are black or of south Asian origin. CKD can get worse over time and eventually the kidneys may... |
Kidney infection | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-infection/ | A kidney infection is a painful and unpleasant illness usually caused by cystitis, a common infection of the bladder. Most people with cystitis will not get a kidney infection, but occasionally the bacteria can travel up from the bladder into one or both kidneys. If treated with antibiotics straight away a kidney infec... |
Kidney stones | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kidney-stones/ | Kidney stones can develop in 1 or both kidneys and most often affect people aged 30 to 60. They're quite common, with more than 1 in 10 people affected. Kidney stones are usually found in the kidneys or in the ureter, the tube that connects the kidneys to your bladder. They can be extremely painful, and can lead to kid... |
Klinefelter syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/klinefelters-syndrome/ | Klinefelter syndrome (sometimes called Klinefelter's, KS or XXY) is where boys and men are born with an extra X chromosome. Chromosomes are packages of genes found in every cell in the body. There are 2 types of chromosome, called the sex chromosomes, that determine the genetic sex of a baby. These are named either X o... |
Knee cartilage damage, see Meniscus tear (knee cartilage damage) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/meniscus-tear/ | A meniscus tear is a common type of damage to cartilage in the knee. The cartilage is found between the bones in the knee joint and protects them when you move. It usually gets damaged because of an injury.
Check if you have a meniscus tear
A meniscus tear usually happens when you twist your knee while playing sport. ... |
Knee ligament surgery | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knee-ligament-surgery/ | If you tear the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in your knee, you may need to have reconstructive surgery. The ACL is a tough band of tissue joining the thigh bone to the shin bone at the knee joint. It runs diagonally through the inside of the knee and gives the knee joint stability. It also helps to control the back... |
Knee pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knee-pain/ | Knee pain can often be treated at home. You should start to feel better in a few days. Call 111 if the pain is very bad.
How to ease knee pain and swelling
If you have knee pain, try these things at first:put as little weight as possible on your knee – for example, avoid standing for a long timeuse an ice pack or bag ... |
Knee replacement | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knee-replacement/ | What it is
Why it's done
Alternatives
Preparation
How it's done
Recovery
Complications |
Knock knees | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knock-knees/ | Knock knees is when there's a gap between your ankles when you stand with your knees together. It's common in children aged 3 to 6 and usually gets better on its own as they grow without causing any problems. Sometimes older children or adults can have it.
Check if it's knock knees
If you have knock knees, there is a... |
Knocked-out tooth | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knocked-out-tooth/ | A knocked-out adult tooth can usually be saved by putting it back in place or in milk as soon as possible, before seeing a dentist.
What to do if a tooth has been knocked outIf it's an adult (permanent) tooth:Hold it by the white bit that sticks out of the gum (the crown). Do not touch the root. Lick it clean if it's ... |
Kyphosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/kyphosis/ | Kyphosis is curvature of the spine that causes the top of the back to appear more rounded than normal. Everyone has some degree of curvature in their spine. However, a curve of more than 45 degrees is considered excessive. Sometimes kyphosis doesn't cause any symptoms other than the back appearing abnormally curved or ... |
Labial fusion | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/labial-fusion/ | Labial fusion, or labial adhesion, is when the small inner lips around the entrance to the vagina become sealed together. In some cases, this can completely seal the vaginal opening, leaving a very small gap at the front that pee passes through. It's fairly common in girls under 7 years old and is usually nothing to wo... |
Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/labyrinthitis/ | Labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis are types of inner ear infection that affect your balance. They usually get better on their own within a few weeks.
Check if you have labyrinthitis or vestibular neuritis
The most common symptoms of labyrinthitis are:dizziness or feeling that everything around you is spinning (ver... |
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ldh-test/ | A lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test measures the amount of LDH in the blood. Lactate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that the body uses during the process of turning sugar into energy for your cells to use. LDH is found in many of the body's tissues and organs, including the muscles, liver, heart, pancreas, kidneys, brain an... |
Lactose intolerance | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lactose-intolerance/ | Lactose intolerance is when you get symptoms, such as tummy pain, after eating food containing lactose, a sugar found in dairy products. The symptoms can be prevented by eating smaller portions of foods that contain lactose or avoiding them completely.
Check if you have lactose intolerance
Symptoms of lactose intolera... |
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lambert-eaton-myasthenic-syndrome/ | Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare condition that affects the signals sent from the nerves to the muscles. It means the muscles are unable to tighten (contract) properly, resulting in muscle weakness and a range of other symptoms. More than half of LEMS cases occur in middle-aged or older people with lu... |
Laparoscopy (keyhole surgery) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laparoscopy/ | Laparoscopy is a type of keyhole surgery used to diagnose and treat conditions. It allows a surgeon to use only small cuts and a camera for procedures inside the tummy or pelvis.
Why a laparoscopy is done
A laparoscopy can be used to diagnose conditions such as appendicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis ... |
Laryngeal (larynx) cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laryngeal-cancer/ | Laryngeal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the larynx (voice box). The larynx is part of the throat found at the entrance of the windpipe (trachea). It plays an important role in helping you breathe and speak. In the UK, there are more than 2,000 new cases of laryngeal cancer each year. The condition is more com... |
Laryngitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laryngitis/ | Laryngitis is when your voice box or vocal cords in the throat become irritated or swollen. It usually goes away by itself within 1 to 2 weeks.
Check if you have laryngitis
Laryngitis usually comes on suddenly and gets worse during the first 3 days. The main symptoms are:a hoarse (croaky) voicesometimes losing your vo... |
Laser eye surgery and lens surgery | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laser-eye-surgery-and-lens-surgery/ | Laser eye surgery and lens surgery are not usually offered on the NHS.
Why laser eye surgery and lens surgery are done
You may have laser eye surgery or lens surgery to:correct eyesight problems, such as astigmatism, short-sightedness (myopia) or long-sightednesstreat eye conditions that can lead to loss of vision, su... |
Laxatives | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laxatives/ | Laxatives are a type of medicine that can treat constipation. They're often used if lifestyle changes, such as increasing the amount of fibre in your diet, drinking plenty of fluid and taking regular exercise, have not helped. Laxatives are available to buy from pharmacies and supermarkets. They're also available on pr... |
Lazy eye | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lazy-eye/ | A lazy eye (amblyopia) is when the vision in 1 eye does not develop properly. Rarely, both eyes can be affected.
Check if you have a lazy eye
A lazy eye does not always cause symptoms and is often first diagnosed during an eye test. The main symptoms include:shutting 1 eye or squinting when looking at thingseyes point... |
Learning disabilities | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/learning-disabilities/ | A learning disability affects the way a person learns new things throughout their life.
A learning disability is different for everyone. No two people are the same. A person with a learning disability might have some difficulty:understanding complicated informationlearning some skillslooking after themselves or living ... |
Leg cramps | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/leg-cramps/ | Leg cramps are common, usually harmless, and only last a short time. They can happen at any time, but most people have them at night or when resting.
Check if it's leg cramps
Leg cramps happen when a muscle in the leg tightens and causes a sudden pain that can make it hard to move. The cramps can last from a few secon... |
Leg ulcer, see Venous leg ulcer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/leg-ulcer/ | A leg ulcer is a long-lasting (chronic) sore that takes more than 2 weeks to heal. It usually develops on the inside of the leg, between the knee and the ankle. The symptoms of a venous leg ulcer include pain, itching and swelling in the affected leg. There may also be discoloured or hardened skin around the ulcer, and... |
Legionnaires' disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/legionnaires-disease/ | Legionnaires' disease is a lung infection you can get from inhaling droplets of water from things like air conditioning or hot tubs. It's uncommon but it can be very serious.
How you get Legionnaires' disease
You can get Legionnaires' disease if you breathe in tiny droplets of water containing bacteria that cause the ... |
Leptospirosis (Weil's disease) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/leptospirosis/ | Leptospirosis, also called Weil's disease, is an infection you can get from animals, soil or water. It's rare in the UK.
How you get leptospirosis
Leptospirosis is spread in the pee of infected animals, most commonly rats, mice, cows, pigs and dogs. You can get leptospirosis if:soil or freshwater (such as water from a... |
Leukaemia (acute lymphoblastic), see Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/ | What is acute lymphoblastic leukaemia?
Symptoms
Causes
Tests and next steps
Treatment
Help and support |
Leukaemia (acute myeloid), see Acute myeloid leukaemia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acute-myeloid-leukaemia/ | Leukaemia is cancer of the white blood cells. Acute leukaemia means it progresses quickly and aggressively, and usually requires immediate treatment. Acute leukaemia is classified according to the type of white blood cells affected. The 2 main types of white blood cells are:monocytes and granulocytes, which come from m... |
Leukaemia (chronic lymphocytic), see Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chronic-lymphocytic-leukaemia/ | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is a rare type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It usually develops very slowly and does not always need to be treated straight away. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cannot usually be cured, but it can be managed with treatment. It's more common as you get older. It's very r... |
Leukoplakia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/leukoplakia/ | Check if you have leukoplakia
Leukoplakia patches:are white patches in the mouthare not usually painfulare an irregular shapemay be slightly raisedmay have red areas within the patchcannot be rubbed or scraped away (patches that can be removed could be oral thrush)
Leukoplakia patches often appear on or below the tong... |
Lichen planus | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lichen-planus/ | Lichen planus is a rash that can affect different parts of your body, including the inside of your mouth. See a GP if you think you might have it.
Check if it's lichen planus
The main symptoms of lichen planus include:clusters of shiny, raised, purple-red blotches on your arms, legs or body (you may see fine white lin... |
Lichen sclerosus | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lichen-sclerosus/ | Lichen sclerosus is a skin condition that causes itchy white patches on the genitals or other parts of the body. There's no cure, but treatment can help relieve the symptoms.
Check if you have lichen sclerosus
Lichen sclerosus affects people of all ages, including children. But it's much more common in women over 50. ... |
Limping in children | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/limp-in-children/ | Limping in children is not usually serious and could be caused by something minor like a sprain or strain. But you should see a GP if it's not obvious what's causing it.
Causes of limping in children
Limping in children is often caused by an obvious injury to the leg or foot, such as:a sprain or straina blister, cut o... |
Lipoedema | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lipoedema/ | Lipoedema is an abnormal build-up of fat in your legs and sometimes arms. It can be painful and affect daily life, but there are things you can do that may help.
Check if you have lipoedema
Lipoedema is more common in women. It usually affects both sides of the body equally. Lipoedema can make your bottom, thighs, low... |
Lipoma | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lipoma/ | Lipomas are soft, fatty lumps that grow under your skin. They're harmless and do not usually need any treatment, but it's important to get any lumps checked by a GP.
Check if you have a lipoma
Lipomas are common. They:feel soft and squishycan be anything from the size of a pea to a few centimetres acrossmay move sligh... |
Lips (sore or dry), see Sore or dry lips | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sore-or-dry-lips/ | Dry or sore lips are a common problem, especially during hot or cold weather. There are things you can try yourself that may help.
Things you can try if you have sore or dry lips
Do
use a lip balm containing petroleum jelly or beeswax – you can buy these at a pharmacy or supermarket
try a few different lip balms if... |
Listeriosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/listeriosis/ | Listeriosis is a rare infection caused by bacteria called listeria. It usually goes away on its own, but it can make some people seriously ill.
How you get listeriosis
Listeriosis is usually caused by eating food contaminated with listeria bacteria. Listeria can contaminate a wide range of foods, but most infections a... |
Liver cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-cancer/ | What is liver cancer?
Symptoms
Causes
Tests and next steps
Treatment
Help and support |
Liver disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/liver-disease/ | There are many different types of liver disease. You can help prevent some of them by maintaining a healthy weight and staying within the recommended alcohol limits, if you drink.
Types of liver disease
There are several types of liver disease, which can have different causes.
Common types of liver disease and the po... |
Liver disease (alcohol-related), see Alcohol-related liver disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alcohol-related-liver-disease-arld/ | Alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) refers to liver damage caused by excess alcohol intake. There are several stages of severity and a range of associated symptoms.
Symptoms of alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD)
ARLD does not usually cause any symptoms until the liver has been severely damaged. When this happens, s... |
Local anaesthesia | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/local-anaesthesia/ | Local anaesthesia involves numbing an area of the body using a type of medicine called a local anaesthetic. These medicines can be used to treat painful conditions, prevent pain during a procedure or operation, or relieve pain after surgery. Unlike general anaesthetics, local anaesthetics don't cause you to lose consci... |
Long QT syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/long-qt-syndrome/ | Long QT syndrome is an inherited heart problem that affects how your heart beats. In some people, this can cause fainting or fits (seizures).
Symptoms of long QT syndromeSome people with long QT syndrome do not have any symptoms. They may only become aware of their condition after having an electrocardiogram (ECG) for... |
Long-sightedness | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/long-sightedness/ | Long-sightedness is where you find it hard to see things nearby, but you can see things far away clearly. It’s a common condition and wearing glasses or contact lenses can usually correct your vision. Long-sightedness is also known as hypermetropia or hyperopia.
Check if you have long-sightedness
Long-sightedness can ... |
Lost or changed sense of smell | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lost-or-changed-sense-smell/ | A change in your sense of smell can be unpleasant and affect how things taste. But it's not usually serious and may get better in a few weeks or months.
Causes of lost or changed sense of smell
Changes in sense of smell are most often caused by:illnesses such as a cold, flu or COVID-19sinusitis (sinus infection)an all... |
Low blood pressure (hypotension) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/low-blood-pressure-hypotension/ | Low blood pressure is a reading of less than 90/60mmHg. It does not always cause symptoms, but you may need treatment if it does.
Symptoms of low blood pressure
Get your blood pressure checked if you keep getting symptoms like:lightheadedness or dizzinessfeeling sickblurred visiongenerally feeling weakconfusionfaintin... |
Low blood sugar (hypoglycaemia) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/low-blood-sugar-hypoglycaemia/ | Low blood sugar (hypoglycaemia or a hypo) is usually where your blood sugar (glucose) is below 4mmol/L. It needs to be treated quickly to stop it getting worse, but you can usually treat it yourself. You can also have blood sugar that's too high. This is called high blood sugar (hyperglycaemia).
Check if you have low ... |
Low sex drive (loss of libido) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/loss-of-libido/ | There are many possible reasons for having a low sex drive (loss of libido). Treating the cause should help increase your sex drive.
Causes of a low sex drive
Some of the main causes of a low sex drive include:relationship problemsstress, anxiety or depressionsexual problems like erectile dysfunction or vaginal drynes... |
Low sperm count | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/low-sperm-count/ | Low sperm count is when there's a low amount of sperm in your semen. It can make it harder for you and your partner to get pregnant (conceive), but it may still be possible to conceive naturally and there are fertility treatments that can help. Low sperm count can happen in men of any age. It can affect anyone who has ... |
Low white blood cell count | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/low-white-blood-cell-count/ | A low white blood cell count usually means your body is not making enough white blood cells. It can increase your risk of getting infections.
How you get a low white blood cell count
Common causes of a low white blood cell count include:cancer treatment, like radiotherapy and chemotherapyantipsychotic medicinesmedicin... |
Lower back pain, see Back pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/back-pain/ | Back pain, particularly lower back pain, is very common. It usually improves within a few weeks but can sometimes last longer or keep coming back. There are things you can do to help ease the pain.
Causes of back pain
Back pain can have many causes. It's not always obvious what causes it, and it often gets better on i... |
Lumbago, see Back pain | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/back-pain/ | Back pain, particularly lower back pain, is very common. It usually improves within a few weeks but can sometimes last longer or keep coming back. There are things you can do to help ease the pain.
Causes of back pain
Back pain can have many causes. It's not always obvious what causes it, and it often gets better on i... |
Lumbar decompression surgery | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lumbar-decompression-surgery/ | Lumbar decompression surgery is a type of surgery used to treat compressed nerves in the lower (lumbar) spine. It's only recommended when non-surgical treatments haven't helped. The surgery aims to improve symptoms such as persistent pain and numbness in the legs caused by pressure on the nerves in the spine. Lumbar de... |
Lumbar puncture | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lumbar-puncture/ | A lumbar puncture involves a needle being inserted into your lower back, between the bones in your spine. It may be done to find out why you're having certain symptoms, to treat a condition, or to give an anaesthetic.
Why a lumbar puncture is done
There are a few different reasons why you might need a lumbar puncture.... |
Lumps | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lumps/ | Lumps can appear anywhere on your body. Most lumps are harmless but it's important to see a GP if you're worried or the lump is still there after 2 weeks.
Most lumps are normal
It's common for people to get lumps and growths on their skin. They can be caused by many things. They can:be soft or hard to touchmove around... |
Lung cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lung-cancer/ | Lung cancer is one of the most common and serious types of cancer. More than 43,000 people are diagnosed with the condition every year in the UK. There are usually no signs or symptoms in the early stages of lung cancer, but many people with the condition eventually develop symptoms including:a persistent coughcoughing... |
Lung health checks | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lung-health-checks/ | If you're aged between 55 and 74 and have ever smoked, you may be offered an NHS lung health check. Why lung health checks are doneLung cancer causes more deaths than any other cancer in the UK. There are often no signs or symptoms of lung cancer at an early stage. The targeted Lung Health Check programme aims to find ... |
Lupus | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lupus/ | Lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus) is a long-term condition that causes joint pain, skin rashes and tiredness. There's no cure, but symptoms can improve if treatment starts early.
Check if you have lupus
There are lots of possible symptoms of lupus. The main symptoms include:joint and muscle painextreme tiredness th... |
Lyme disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lyme-disease/ | Lyme disease is a bacterial infection that can be spread to humans by infected ticks. It's usually easier to treat if it's diagnosed early.
Symptoms of Lyme disease
A circular or oval shape rash around a tick bite can be an early symptom of Lyme disease in some people. The rash can appear up to 3 months after being bi... |
Lymphoedema | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/lymphoedema/ | Lymphoedema is a long-term (chronic) condition that causes swelling in the body's tissues. It can affect any part of the body, but usually develops in the arms or legs. It develops when the lymphatic system does not work properly. The lymphatic system is a network of channels and glands throughout the body that helps f... |
Macular degeneration (age-related), see Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd/ | Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common condition that affects the middle part of your vision. It usually first affects people in their 50s and 60s. It does not cause total blindness. But it can make everyday activities like reading and recognising faces difficult. Without treatment, your vision may get wors... |
Macular hole | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/macular-hole/ | A macular hole is a small gap that opens at the centre of the retina, in an area called the macula. The retina is the light-sensitive film at the back of the eye. In the centre is the macula – the part responsible for central and fine-detail vision needed for tasks such as reading. In the early stages, a macular hole c... |
Magnesium test | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/magnesium-test/ | A magnesium test is used to measure the amount of magnesium in your blood. Magnesium is a metallic element mainly found in the bones and is essential to life. Abnormal magnesium levels can occur in conditions that affect the functioning of your kidneys or intestines. A magnesium test may be recommended as part of a ser... |
Malaria | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/malaria/ | Malaria is a serious infection spread by mosquitoes. If it's not diagnosed and treated quickly, you can die from it.
Check if you're at risk of malaria
Malaria is caused by being bitten by an infected mosquito. It can take just 1 bite to get it. The infection is very common in certain parts of the world. It's found in... |
Male menopause, see The 'male menopause' | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/male-menopause/ | Some men develop depression, loss of sex drive, erectile dysfunction, and other physical and emotional symptoms when they reach their late 40s to early 50s. Other symptoms common in men this age are:mood swings and irritabilityloss of muscle mass and reduced ability to exercisefat redistribution, such as developing a l... |
Malignant brain tumour (brain cancer) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/malignant-brain-tumour/ | A malignant brain tumour is a cancerous growth in the brain. It's different from a benign brain tumour, which isn't cancerous and tends to grow more slowly.
Symptoms
The symptoms of a brain tumour depend on where it is in the brain. Common symptoms include:headaches (often worse in the morning and when coughing or str... |
Mallet finger | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mallet-finger/ | Mallet finger is an injury to the end of the finger, causing the tip to bend. It's a common sports injury and is treated using a splint.
Check if you have mallet finger
If you have mallet finger the tip of your finger will bend and you will not be able to straighten it.
Credit: DR P. MARAZZI / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY: ... |
Malnutrition | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/malnutrition/ | Malnutrition is a serious condition that happens when your diet does not contain the right amount of nutrients. It means "poor nutrition" and can refer to:undernutrition – not getting enough nutrientsovernutrition – getting more nutrients than neededThese pages focus on undernutrition in adults or children. Read about ... |
Mammogram, see Breast screening (mammogram) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/breast-screening-mammogram/ | When you'll be invited and who should go
How to decide if you want breast screening
How to book or change an appointment
What happens at your appointment
Your results
Further help and support |
Maple syrup urine disease | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/maple-syrup-urine-disease/ | Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare but serious inherited condition. It means the body cannot process certain amino acids (the "building blocks" of protein), causing a harmful build-up of substances in the blood and urine. Normally, our bodies break down protein foods such as meat and fish into amino acids. Any ... |
Marfan syndrome | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/marfan-syndrome/ | Marfan syndrome is a disorder of the body's connective tissues, a group of tissues that maintain the structure of the body and support internal organs and other tissues. Children usually inherit the disorder from 1 of their parents. Some people are only mildly affected by Marfan syndrome, while others develop more seri... |
Mastectomy | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mastectomy/ | A mastectomy is an operation to remove a breast. It's used to treat breast cancer in women and breast cancer in men. The operation takes about 90 minutes, and most people go home the following day. It can take 4 to 6 weeks to recover from a mastectomy.
When is a mastectomy recommended?A mastectomy may be recommended i... |
Mastitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mastitis/ | Mastitis is when your breast becomes swollen, hot and painful. It is most common in breastfeeding women and does not usually need medical treatment.
Check if you have mastitis
Mastitis usually only affects 1 breast, and symptoms often come on quickly. They include:a swollen area on your breast that may feel hot and pa... |
Mastocytosis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mastocytosis/ | Mastocytosis is a rare condition caused by an excess number of mast cells gathering in the body's tissues. There are 2 main types of mastocytosis:cutaneous mastocytosis, which mainly affects children – where mast cells gather in the skin, but are not found in large numbers elsewhere in the bodysystemic mastocytosis, wh... |
Mastoiditis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mastoiditis/ | Mastoiditis is a serious infection that affects the mastoid bone behind the ear. It's more common in children and should be diagnosed and treated quickly.
Check if you or your child has mastoiditis
The symptoms of mastoiditis usually include:pain, soreness or tenderness behind the earredness behind the ear (this can b... |
MCADD | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mcadd/ | MCADD is a rare genetic condition where a person has problems breaking down fat to use as an energy source. This means that someone with MCADD can become very ill if their body's energy demands exceed their energy intake, such as during infections or vomiting illnesses when they're unable to eat. Problems occur because... |
Measles | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/measles/ | Check if you or your child has measles
Measles usually starts with cold-like symptoms, followed by a rash a few days later. Some people may also get small spots in their mouth. Cold-like symptomsThe first symptoms of measles include:a high temperaturea runny or blocked nosesneezinga coughred, sore, watery eyesSpots in ... |
Medical cannabis (and cannabis oils) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/medical-cannabis/ | "Medical cannabis" is a broad term for any sort of cannabis-based medicine used to relieve symptoms. Many cannabis-based products are available to buy online, but their quality and content is not known. They may be illegal in the UK and potentially dangerous. Some products that might claim to be medical cannabis, such ... |
Medically unexplained symptoms | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/medically-unexplained-symptoms/ | Many people have persistent physical symptoms, such as dizziness or pain, that don't appear to be caused by a medical condition. They are sometimes known as medically unexplained symptoms when they last for more than a few weeks, but doctors can't find a problem with the body that may be the cause. This doesn't mean th... |
Medicines information | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/medicines-information/ | This page explains the different types of medicine, the difference between branded drugs and generics, and how the medicines become available.
Which medicines can I buy without prescription?Some medicines for minor illnesses can be bought over the counter without a prescription, so you can treat yourself without needi... |
Melanoma skin cancer | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/melanoma-skin-cancer/ | Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can spread to other areas of the body. The main cause of melanoma is ultraviolet light, which comes from the sun and is used in sunbeds. Things that increase your chances of getting melanoma include your age and having pale skin, a large number of moles and a family history of ski... |
Memory loss (amnesia) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/memory-loss-amnesia/ | Most people forget things from time to time, but see a GP if you keep having problems with your memory. It could be caused by something that can be treated.
Non-urgent advice: See a GP if:
memory problems are affecting your day-to-day lifeIt's often nothing serious, but it's best to get checked because any treatment ... |
Meningitis | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/meningitis/ | Meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord (meninges). It can affect anyone, but is most common in babies, young children, teenagers and young adults. Meningitis can be very serious if not treated quickly. It can cause life-threatening sepsis and result in permanent d... |
Meniscus tear (knee cartilage damage) | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/meniscus-tear/ | A meniscus tear is a common type of damage to cartilage in the knee. The cartilage is found between the bones in the knee joint and protects them when you move. It usually gets damaged because of an injury.
Check if you have a meniscus tear
A meniscus tear usually happens when you twist your knee while playing sport. ... |
Menopause | https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/menopause/ | Menopause is when your periods stop due to lower hormone levels. It usually affects women between the ages of 45 and 55, but it can happen earlier. It affects anyone who has periods. Menopause can happen naturally, or for reasons such as surgery to remove the ovaries (oophorectomy) or the uterus (hysterectomy), cancer ... |
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