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**Is Alice allowed to give private testimony to the jury/judge without Greg finding out about it?**
[Tag:england-and-wales]
**NO**, but there are mechanisms to safeguard Alice and her evidence from, for example, intimidation from Greg or people in the court's public gallery.
Article 6 of The European C... |
Alice's grandpa Greg is on trial. Alice's testimony is crucial to get Greg arrested. But, for some reason or another, Alice doesn't want to appear in court as a witness in front of Greg to badmouth him. Is Alice allowed to give private testimony to the jury/judge without Greg finding out about it?
If you want a bunc... |
In Brazil, it's not uncommon for criminals to kidnap someone and coerce them to give them money from their bank accounts. This can be done by taking the victims to ATMs or even demanding a transfer via the victim's bank app, all at gunpoint!
In many cases, after the victims sued, Brazilian courts ordered banks to co... |
Will a bank give my money back if I'm coerced to give it to a criminal? |
The [origin of Parliament was from the *curia regis*, the King's Court][1]. In that early form, the King's Court exercised both judicial and legislative functions. In 1215, with the Magna Carta and the beginning of Parliaments, [the House of Lords assumed the judicial functions of the King's Court][2].
Prior to 1876... |
The [origin of Parliament was from the *curia regis*, the King's Court][1]. In that early form, the King's Court exercised both judicial and legislative functions. In 1215, with the Magna Carta and the beginning of Parliaments, [the House of Lords assumed the judicial functions of the King's Court][2].
Prior to 1876... |
I perform independent contracting and consulting work in the area of engineering (R&D, software etc..).
It would be generally expected for the type of work performed, that the client bring up intellectual property rights over the work performed. "Work" is well defined to included code, models and so on, and "IP" is... |
What does "connected to", "arising from" and "related to" mean in terms of ownership of work? |
I perform independent contracting and consulting work in the area of engineering (R&D, software etc..).
My question is about separating the ownership of work done for client A, from work done for other clients B & C, and work done in my business for myself.
The contracts are usually crisp and clear about defining... |
By my understanding, copyright law would generally interpreted as allowing someone who buys e.g. a book containing some copyrighted poetry, to use the works personally in a variety of ways including, e.g. incorporating them into an embroidery piece intended for display in their home. If it were well known that one pub... |
Police know there's a serial rapist in a particular area. He's left no dna and victims never saw his face. Police learn that a unknown female victim from that area was examined by a sexual assault forensic examiner and a rape kit was secured. However the victim chose the option of not immediately reporting the rape so ... |
The law lords of the house of Leeds were formally known as the lords of appeal "in ordinary". Most of that phrase other than the final bit is self explanatory but the use of the word "ordinary" just seems quite odd. What is its intended meaning? |
What was the significance of the word "ordinary" in "lords of appeal in ordinary"? |
I am considering where I want to move after leaving college, and one of the front runners has been Vermont, until I found that they have annual inspections of motor vehicles. The main reason this matters to me is that I wish to tinker with different sorts of vehicles and engines on my property, and I am concerned that ... |
Does Vermont require inspections of vehicles operated on private land? |
The [*Constitution of the United States: Analysis and Interpretation*](https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/), also called the "Constitution Annotated", is [the constitution of record](https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/intro-1-1/ALDE_00000027/):
> the only constitutional law treatise formally author... |
Can a person from real life have its legal name identical of that of a fictional character? E.g if a newly born person is named "Sorla Khan" a character from the video game Artifact (set in the Dota universe). |
Can a real life person be named after a fictional character? |
Consider a situation where an investor owns a stock for over a year and sells calls against it that expire in about 90 days. You can assume that this is a qualified covered call for tax purposes.
After some time, the calls are deep in the money and the investor is about to get assigned on the calls. He wants to clos... |
Police know there's a serial rapist in a particular area. He's left no dna and victims never saw his face. Police learn that a unknown female victim from that area was examined by a sexual assault forensic examiner and a rape kit was secured. However the victim chose the option of not immediately reporting the rape so ... |
Alice's grandpa Greg is on trial. Alice's testimony is crucial to get Greg convicted. But, for some reason or another, Alice doesn't want to appear in court as a witness in front of Greg to badmouth him. Is Alice allowed to give private testimony to the jury/judge without Greg finding out about it?
If you want a bun... |
I have heard, that in the United States, some individuals are able to conceal their identities from the public when purchasing a home by setting up a LLC and buying the house through the said corporation.
Is this true? and can someone explain how this might work?
*Remark:* I ask the question, for it seems to me ... |
> Is this true?
Yes.
> can someone explain how this might work?
You can form an LLC, and then fund it with money that would be used to purchase the home, and buy the home in the name of the LLC.
If there is a mortgage, this is more difficult, but not impossibly so. The primary debtor on the mortgage would b... |
> Is this true?
Yes.
> can someone explain how this might work?
You can form an LLC, and then fund it with money that would be used to purchase the home, and buy the home in the name of the LLC.
One minor exception is that a handful of rural U.S. states prohibit limited liability entities from owning farm l... |
Today I'm 33 years old and When I was around 10 years old I was violated by two adults. This fact affected a lot my personality. And today after doing a burnout and worked on my self. I feel the need to judge the one that I know that he's leaving in Italy. But the question is I have always the right to do so ? And if y... |
Can I always judge someone how violated me when I was 8 or 10 years old? |
Can I always sue someone how violated me when I was 8 or 10 years old? |
Today I'm 33 years old and When I was around 10 years old I was violated by two adults. This fact affected a lot my personality. And today after doing a burnout and worked on my self. I feel the need to judge the one that I know that he's living in Italy.
But the question is I have always the right to do so? And if... |
Today I'm 33 years old and When I was around 10 years old I was violated by two adults. This fact affected a lot my personality. And today after doing a burnout and worked on my self. I feel the need to judge the one that I know that he's living in Italy.
But the question is did I have always the right to do so? An... |
An acquaintance asked me to lend him money. I believed his story and lent him $100. He promised to pay me back $150 in 5 days time. It's been months and he hasn't paid me anything. I have heard that this interest rate is illegally high for a loan. Is this correct? I hadn't really consider this to be a loan but I guess ... |
How can a lender of a small loan protect himself from the borrower not paying them back? |
Imagine a 33 year old person was violated by two adults 20+ years ago when they were aged around 10 years old.
Do they have the right to sue the alleged offenders, and if so what is the process?
Would it, for example, make any difference if the victim is from, say, Monaco now living in France and one of the alleg... |
Can an adult sue someone who violated them as a child? |
The law lords of the House of Lords were formally known as the lords of appeal "in ordinary". Most of that phrase other than the final bit is self explanatory but the use of the word "ordinary" just seems quite odd. What is its intended meaning? |
**Is Alice allowed to give private testimony to the jury/judge without Greg finding out about it?**
[Tag:england-and-wales]
**NO**, but there are mechanisms to safeguard Alice and her evidence from, for example, intimidation from Greg or people in the court's public gallery.
Article 6 of The European C... |
I have heard, that in the United States, some individuals are able to conceal their identities from the public when purchasing a home by setting up a LLC and buying the house through the said corporation.
Is this true? and can someone explain how this might work?
*Remark:* I ask the question, for it seems to me ... |
Theoretically it is illegal in the [tag:european-union]. The European Court of Justice, ruled in 2017(case [C-527/15][1]) that users who watch media online which is obviously not properly licensed do indeed act illegally.
However, in practice, these users are very rarely persecuted. The reason is that in order to su... |
Theoretically it is illegal in the [tag:european-union]. The European Court of Justice ruled on this matter in 2017 (case [C-527/15][1]). They ruled that users who watch media online do act illegally if it should be obvious to them that the distribution of the work is not sanctioned by the copyright owner.
However, ... |
This question is strictly out of intellectual curiosity.
I am aware of many cases in which a foreigner who is visiting or living in a host country is suspected of having committed a crime, but they are not arrested or are set free but the host country seizes that person's passport to prevent them from leaving the co... |
What stops foreigners with passport seized by host government to prevent them from fleeing from ordering a new one at the consulate? |
This question is strictly out of intellectual curiosity.
I am aware of many cases in which a foreigner who is visiting or living in a host country is suspected of having committed a crime, and they are either not arrested or are set free but the host country seizes that person's passport to prevent them from leaving... |
Video for context: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5yNlwCQpO0&list=LL&index=1
Jim Hodges was walking down the street from jury duty. A female police officer stops Jim because she believed he was carrying a weapon in his back pocket. After a few words, Jim pulls out his walking stick (He is legally blind) from his b... |
Video for context: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5yNlwCQpO0&list=LL&index=1
Jim Hodges was walking down the street from jury duty. A female police officer stops Jim because she believed he was carrying a weapon in his back pocket. After a few words, Jim pulls out his walking stick (He is legally blind) from his b... |
Pretend there was a female student (18+) living in the United Kingdom (England & Wales) for a year. During this year she was the victim of a crime, for example digital rape (this involves a finger doing the penetration rather than a penis). There may have been a criminal trial, and the outcome could have been guilty or... |
Is it possible to sue a UK national from the USA? |
Pretend there was a female student (18+) living in the United Kingdom (England & Wales) for a year. During this year she was the victim of a crime, for example digital rape (this involves a finger doing the penetration rather than a penis). There may have been a criminal trial, and the outcome could have been guilty or... |
What was the first jurisdiction that had special rules for contracts to which a person under a certain age is a party? How did the modern concept that people under 18 can back out of contracts except those for essential products or services develop in English common law? |
Pretend there was a female student (18+) living in the United Kingdom (England & Wales) for a year. During this year she was the victim of a crime, for example digital rape (this involves a finger doing the penetration rather than a penis). There may have been a criminal trial, and the outcome could have been guilty or... |
There are some variations that depends on jurisdiction, so I pick Washington as an illustration. Under [RCW 9.41.050][1], it is illegal to carry a concealed weapon in public without a weapon. A brief stop is therefore lawful to determine that there is no violation of the law. Having determined that the item is not a we... |
Let's say I invent a new image file format and release the specification to the public. Is it possible to only allow GPL projects to implement this specification?
Or is this not possible in the U.S.? (Because the national laws do not allow something like this. To keep it simple let's assume we are in the U.S.)
Ther... |
Can the permission to implement a specification be restricted? |
In recent news, a major company (Twitter) abruptly laid off a large number of staff effective immediately, apparently in violation of the Federal [WARN](https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/layoffs/warn) Act and the similar California-specific act, which requires 60-day notice for significant layoffs.
Then, in an appare... |
Explain WARN act compliance after-the-fact? |
The US Department of Labor [Employer's Guide to Advance Notice of Closings and Layoffs][1] states
> **Can I pay my workers their salary and benefits for 60 days in lieu of notice?**
>
>Neither the Act nor the regulations recognize the concept of pay in lieu of notice. WARN requires notice, making no provision for ... |
City councils in the United States routinely try to ban or censure criticism of other individuals ("personal attacks") during their deliberations. For example, in some cases chairs have gavelled down council members who attempted to criticize some person or other, or even set up "ethics committees" to make formal censu... |
What is the remedy in First Ammendment cases involving city councils? |
City councils in the United States routinely try to ban or censure criticism of other individuals ("personal attacks") during their deliberations. For example, in some cases chairs have gavelled down council members who attempted to criticize some person or other, or even set up "ethics committees" to make formal censu... |
> Is this true?
Yes.
> can someone explain how this might work?
You can form an LLC, and then fund it with money that would be used to purchase the home, and buy the home in the name of the LLC.
One minor exception is that a handful of rural U.S. states prohibit limited liability entities from owning farm l... |
> Is this true?
Yes.
> can someone explain how this might work?
You can form an LLC, and then fund it with money that would be used to purchase the home, and buy the home in the name of the LLC.
One minor exception is that a handful of rural U.S. states prohibit limited liability entities from owning farm l... |
Many jobs require applicants to have a college degree, when the skills developed at college are not necessary to do the job, and the degree is not required to be in any particular field.
In *[Griggs v. Duke Power Co.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griggs_v._Duke_Power_Co.)*, 401 U.S. 424 (1971), the Court held that:... |
Does the Civil Rights Act prohibit "unnecessary" college degree requirements? |
This argument has been widely made on the internet, but I presume you mean more specifically "has this been part of a lawsuit which has been decided?". [This][1] article and [this one][2] aim in the direction that requiring a college degree is employment discrimination, and the same time they do not suggest that any co... |
Plaintiff is a U.S. citizen living who spent a year as a student living in the United Kingdom. During that year she was the victim of a sex crime. There may have been a criminal trial, and the outcome could have been guilty or not guilty.
If Plaintiff wanted to sue the perpetrator, which avenue could she take?
* ... |
#### 1. "Discretionary" and "mandatory" dollars
My general understanding of the federal budget process in the USA is that:
* [discretionary spending][1] must be "appropriated" by the House of Representatives every year, following ideas from Article I Sections 7 or 9 or something.
* [mandatory spending][2] is not s... |
Can a person from real life have its legal name identical of that of a fictional character? E.g if a newly born person is named "Sorla Khan" or "Mogul Khan" (names from the Dota universe) or "Galadriel" from The Lord of the Rings. |
There are some variations that depends on jurisdiction, so I pick Washington as an illustration.
Under [RCW 9.41.050][1], it is illegal to carry a concealed weapon in public without a license. A brief stop is therefore lawful to determine that there is no violation of the law.
Having determined that the item is n... |
There are some variations that depends on jurisdiction, so I pick Washington as an illustration.
Under [RCW 9.41.050][1], it is illegal to carry a concealed weapon in public without a license. A brief stop is therefore lawful to determine that there is no violation of the law.
Having determined that the item is n... |
> I have heard, that in the United States, some individuals are able to conceal their identities from the public when purchasing a home by setting up a LLC and buying the house through the said corporation.
>
> Is this true? and can someone explain how this might work?
Yes, that's correct, and I've done it success... |
Lets assume the state is Arizona, both parties have 50/50 custody with a holiday custody exchange between 6pm-8:30pm. One parent (parent a) decided they don't want to see a child the previous year, but no verbal or written agreement exists to swap holidays. The following year, Parent a decides to abscond with the child... |
If you have pressed charges against someone for violating a court order, is it legal for them to threaten you? |
There are two relevant laws. The first regards [threatening][1], and involves pphysical injery / damage to person or property, or serious public inconvenience (bomb threats), none of which is applicable here. The second is [theft by extortion][2], which involves obtaining property or services, by certain means. The fir... |
Is there such a contract enforceable by law that would protect the side that parts with the child from being sued for child support by the side that keeps the child? |
If two adults agreed to produce a child where one side gets to keep the child, can there be any sort of child support lawsuit? |
> I have heard that this interest rate is illegally high for a loan. Is
> this correct?
Yes. This is an annualized interest rate of 715,586,124,880,210%, which is far, far in excess of the maximum interest rate allowed by law.
The maximum legally allowed interest rate in British Columbia is 60% per annum. So, an... |
> I have heard that this interest rate is illegally high for a loan. Is
> this correct?
Yes. This is an annualized interest rate of 715,586,124,880,210%, which is far, far in excess of the maximum interest rate allowed by law.
The maximum legally allowed interest rate in British Columbia is 60% per annum. So, an... |
> I have heard that this interest rate is illegally high for a loan. Is
> this correct?
Yes. This is an annualized interest rate of 715,586,124,880,210%, which is far, far in excess of the maximum interest rate allowed by law.
The maximum legally allowed interest rate in British Columbia is 60% per annum. So, an... |
> My understanding is that if the second husband adopts the two
> children, he will be on the hook for child support. But suppose he
> doesn't.
>
> Is the second husband then liable for child support?
No. The second husband is only liable for child support if he has adopted the children. (Also, many, but not al... |
Imagine a 33 year old person was violated by two adults 20+ years ago when they were aged around 10 years old.
Do they have the right to sue the alleged offenders, and if so what is the process?
Would it, for example, make any difference if the victim is from, say, [Morocco][1] now living in France and one of the... |
There are two relevant laws. The first regards [threatening][1], and involves physical injury / damage to person or property, or serious public inconvenience (e.g. bomb threats), none of which is applicable here. The second is [theft by extortion][2], which involves obtaining property or services, by certain means. The... |
Let's assume the state is Arizona, both parties have 50/50 custody with a holiday custody exchange between 6pm-8:30pm. One parent (parent A) decided they don't want to see a child the previous year, but no verbal or written agreement exists to swap holidays. The following year, Parent A decides to abscond with the chil... |
Considering these two patents describing two features:
- [User defined spreadsheet functions][1]
- [Customizable spreadsheet table styles][2]
If anyone were to build some spreadsheet software, what would these entail in terms of restrictions if they would want to develop the same features?
Is there a difference... |
Do these two Microsoft Excel patents prevent anyone from shipping similar features? |
[Tag:england-and-wales]
Yes, the impersonation of Gorlois in this way under today's law would be considered as rape contrary to [section 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/42/section/1?timeline=false) Sexual Offences Act 2003 (*with person (A) being Uther Pendragon, and person (B) Lady Igraine*):
> (1) ... |
Imagine a 33 year old person was violated by two adults 20+ years ago when the victim was aged around 10 years old.
Do they have the right to sue the alleged offenders, and if so what is the process?
Would it, for example, make any difference if the victim is from, say, [Morocco][1] now living in France and one o... |
Imagine a 33 year old person was violated by two adults 20+ (at the time the perpetrators was around 18 years old) years ago when the victim was aged around 10 years old.
Do they have the right to sue the alleged offenders, and if so what is the process?
Would it, for example, make any difference if the victim is... |
Assuming that company A (based in say, the US), wants to trade with another company (B say), based in say, Germany (or anywhere else in the world).
Assuming that these two companies have agreed to trade in buffalo wings (as a ridiculous example), can company A and B invoice each other in Buffalo wings?
Although t... |
> can company A and B invoice each other in Buffalo wings?
> instead of a recognised currency?
Yes. [Freedom of contract][1] implies that, in general, it is lawful for the parties to determine the terms of their exchange.
For the most part, the units of exchange can be anything except items that in and of themse... |
**If sexual consent is gained by deceit or misapprehension, is the resulting sex legally a rape?**
[Tag:england-and-wales]
**YES**
The impersonation of Gorlois in this way under today's law would be considered as rape contrary to [section 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/42/section/1?timeline=false... |
This probably wouldn't happen for property that's low value and bulky, like furniture. But for property like boats, luxury cars, planes, artwork, jewellery, etc., it seems easy to move it to a country without inheritance taxes since the relocation costs would only be a small percentage of the total value.
Am I missi... |
What's the point of an inheritance tax on movable property? Can't valuable property be shipped to a country without the tax, and be inherited there? |
Is the Second level Cousins are considered as **Sapindas** in **Indian Hindu Marriage Act** ?
Please refer the following screenshot that the highlighted **DAUGHTER [Y]** (Red in color) and **SON [A]** (White in color) has the legal rights to marry however the **SON [B]** (Blue in color) are considered as **Sapindas*... |
Is Second level Cousins are considered as Sapindas in Indian Hindu Marriage Act? |
If a 10 year old was violated by two adults around 18 years old then can the victim sue 23 years later?
What is the process?
Would it, for example, make any difference if the victim is from, say, [Morocco][1] now living in France and one of the alleged offenders is in Italy?
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wik... |
An email address was given for contact to a "charity". The charity then decided to notify a number of individuals on the list without using the BCC field. A number of individual were not authorised to access this information.
That offender was alerted to the existence of the BCC field but today he either brazenly or... |
Is the Second level Cousins are considered as **Sapindas** in **Indian Hindu Marriage Act** ?
Please refer the following screenshot that the highlighted **DAUGHTER [Y]** (Red in color) and **SON [A]** (White in color) has the legal rights to marry however the **SON [B]** (Blue in color) are considered as **Sapindas*... |
Here's a screenshot of credits after a TV broadcast of a Japanese version of a Broadway musical called "A Night with Janis Joplin".
The whole credits were divided into two distinct sections: one in Japanese related to the TV broadcast by [WOWOW][1], the second in English, clearly relating to the live staging by the ... |
What is the difference between "used by permission" and "used with permission"? |
Is the Second level Cousins are considered as **Sapindas** in **Indian Hindu Marriage Act** ?
Please refer the following screenshot that the highlighted **SINDHUJA [Y]** (Red in color) and **RAJ [M1]** (White in color) has the legal rights to marry however the **SANTHOS [M2]** (Blue in color) are considered as **Sap... |
**Likely not.**
> Assuming that these two companies have agreed to trade in buffalo wings (as a ridiculous example), can company A and B invoice each other in Buffalo wings?
Both company A and company B are required to document their activities (for tax purposes, among other things) and to pay the appropriate tax... |
#### 1. "Discretionary" and "mandatory" dollars
My general understanding of the federal budget process in the USA is that:
* [discretionary spending][1] must be "appropriated" by the House of Representatives every year, following ideas from Article I Sections 7 or 9 or something.
* [mandatory spending][2] is not... |
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