instruction stringlengths 9 38.7k |
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In what circumstances would you want to, or not want to scale or standardize a variable prior to model fitting? And what are the advantages / disadvantages of scaling a variable?
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I have about 30000 book names assigned to 6 categories, and I want to build scalable and accurate classifiers. So far I have only been able to use Naive Baye's and LibLINEAR classifiers and they both give me an (almost) identical precision and recall values of 0.8 and 0.7 after 10 fold CV.
I am wondering if I would b... |
I'm kind of new to datamining/machine learning/etc. and have been reading about a couple ways to combine multiple models and runs of the same model to improve predictions.
My impression from reading a couple papers (which are often interesting and great on theory and greek letters but short on code and actual example... |
Given a sequence of inputs, I need to determine whether this sequence has a certain desired property. The property can only be true or false, that is, there are only two possible classes that a sequence can belong to.
The exact relationship between the sequence and the property is unclear, but I believe it is very cons... |
I started digging a bit into the plot.lm function, this function gives six plots for lm, they are:
a plot of residuals against fitted values
a Scale-Location plot of sqrt(| residuals |) against fitted values
a Normal Q-Q plot, a plot of Cook's distances versus row labels
a plot of residuals against leverages
a plot of... |
I am not sure how to perform the statistical analysis on the following table.
I did an experiment in which 12 participants had to choose between 3 conditions when provided with 3 stimuli.
Stimulus Condition1 Condition2 Condition 3
A 9 1 2
B 10 2 0
... |
After applying quantile regression with t=0.5,0.6 on the data set WBC(
Wisconsin Breast Cancer)with 678 observations and 9 independent
variables($inp_1,inp_2,...inp_9$) and 1 dependent variable(op) I have got the
following results for beta values.
| t | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| b1 | 0.002641 |... |
It frequently comes up in social science that variables that should be distributed in some way, say normally, end up having a discontinuity in their distribution around certain points.
For instance, if there are specific cutoffs such as "passing/failing" and if these measures are subject to distortion, there may be a d... |
Suppose one has a relatively large number of observations, each of which consists of a continuous result and a small number (2 or perhaps 3) of categorical variables, each of which has a large cardinality (up to 10k or so). So, for instance, one might wish to predict income given a person's university and chosen indus... |
I have some measurement data of estimates vs actuals (of some metric $m$). For every such data I also have the ratio of $\frac{actuals}{estimates} = r \space (say)$ - if this ratio is greater than 1 it implies underestimation (and overestimation if less than one).
Given I have substantial data, about 100 or so data poi... |
I have the following data:
1000 users were invited
990 emails delivered successfully
200 visited the system
60 tried to create an account
58 tried to create an account with a valid email
50 successfully created an account (i.e. chose a secure password)
40 participated by voting
10 posted something
While I... |
I am trying to fit a model to binomially distributed data, which I have done via the maximum likelihood method. Normally I'm working with normally distributed data (or data which I can convince myself and occasionally others is normally distributed) and I'm a little confused about how to find asymmetric errors on my pa... |
I am trying to model disease propagation. I am considering a map separated into regions. One region is infected. There is data over time, with the number of people travelling into and out of the infected region and which region they travel to (a table of transport of individuals over the whole map). This is an O-D matr... |
I have the following survival data and have constructed a survival plot however cannot mark the right censored points (which makes me think my survival graph is also incorrect) - how can I manage this please?
Now answered! -
|
I am making a spam filter for an assignment. One of the steps outlined in a paper that I have read indicates finding the mutual information for all the words in the text and then choosing the 500 or so with the highest MI.
The equation given in the paper (and elsewhere) is:
$MI(X_i, C) = \sum{P(X_i, C) \log{\frac{P(X_i... |
I have two (soon to be three) dimensional spatial data and I what to compare the goodness of fit between my model and reality. As the data is continuous and not categorial I can't really use the Chi-squared test. I have considered trying to determine the actual error on my measurements and use that as the denominator i... |
An NPR story on the upcoming Russian presidential election mentioned that 5% of polling sites would be equipped with new electronic ballot boxes that would reject attempts to submit multiple ballots. There was "concern" that this would not do enough to stop widespread ballot box stuffing (which was the topic of most o... |
I have been struggling to figure out how to identify which output the parameter came from. For e.g. in the following code I run the model for 2 iterations. At the end of it I obtain 2 outputs named bugs.output[[1]], bugs.output[[2]]. Now when I type mean (p[,2]) it gives me the mean for p[2] from the second output. How... |
I have a question about which is the best way to specify an interaction in a regression model. Consider the following data:
d <- structure(list(r = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("r1","r2"),
class = "factor"), s = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L,... |
I frequently do something like: load a bunch of data, and then scan some fraction of it randomly to verify that no errors occurred. The more data I verify, the greater my certainty that no errors occurred anywhere.
I'm curious about how I can express this formally. My thought process is:
Suppose there are $n$ records,... |
Is it good practice to consistently use a correlation matrix when the direction of the relationship between dependent and independent variables is unknown (that is, when we’re uncertain about an inverse or direct relationship between variables)? Or, should established research be used as the basis for determining the t... |
I'm analyzing a set of data, and I like to fit a gamma distribution. I know how to do it in one dimension, but the data that I'm analyzing now are two dimensional. Is there any way that I can have a bivariate gamma function fitted into the data?
|
When reporting a two way 2 x 3 mixed ANOVA I have recently heard that the interaction effect should only be reported if the two main effects are significant (APA style). Is this correct?
|
Following on my question for OLS, I wonder: what diagnostic plots exists for quantile regression? (and are there R implementation of them?)
A quick google search already came up with the worm plot$^\dagger$ (which I have never heard about before), and I'd be happy to know of more methods you might know about. (are any... |
I've some numerical sequence of data monitored over time $v(i)$, which belongs to one of two classes, 0 or 1. I monitor the variable several times, obtaining a sequence associated to 0 or 1.
I use part of the cases in which $v(i)$ belongs to class 0 to have a profile/baseline (training data/cases).
I then use the cases... |
I've been testing PCA via SVD to decompose a simple time series data matrix, $X$. I have two signals $x_1(t)$ and $x_2(t)$ in a data matrix where $M$ rows represents each timepoint sample and each column represents $x_1$ and $x_2$.
The mean signal, $\hat{x}$, is defined as the mean along the row axis (average of $x_1$... |
I am currently helping a friend with some statistical analysis.
There is a main hypothesis, for which a significant relationship can be shown. Lets call the predictor variable A and the predicted variable B. Her sample size is 200 people. However the distribution of the sexes is very uneven, i.e. there are 150 women an... |
I've been wracking my brain trying to come up with a test to do something similar to a paired wilcoxon rank sum test for more than two samples. I've explored the Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests, but neither of those do quite what I want (I think). The particular case in the data set I'm dealing with is the followin... |
I have a MINITAB printout I was hoping someone could help me with. My question is- from the table below how do I distinguish between a main effect and an interaction?
Study: Three drug treatments are compared at three sites. The treatments consist of two dosages (low and high dose) of an experimental drug and a contro... |
I am a CS graduate student and I am starting to get really interested in Machine Learning (and Predictive Analytics). I have started working on a text classification project with a professor to learn the field but I am realizing that my background is pretty weak. The professor is too busy to teach me the basics, so I h... |
I've got two time-series, S (stress in a railway track) and T (temperature).
The time-series are several months long. The relationship is linear, however, it can change subtly or 'jump' at some points, due to work done on the rails.
Currently, I'm doing linear regression on a per-day basis, and then temperature-correc... |
Variogram is simple but effective way to investigated the spatial variation in the variable of interest in the field being studied. However it has been reported that variogram cannot be considered as the most satisfactory model especially where there are curvature (e.g., permeable channels in reservoir engineering) in ... |
In the game of Pitch what are the odds of the jack of trump being dealt in the 24 cards?
|
This seemed to me to be basic, but I can't seem to find a solution online, so I wondered what I might be missing.
I wish to include the output of an lm summary object inside an Sweave (.Rnw) document. I can either output the summary.lm as is, or use the xtable/Hmisc packages (through xtable or latex commands). Is the... |
Both variables (dependent and independent) show autocorrelation effects. Data is time-series and stationary
When I run the regression residuals appear not to be correlated.
My Durbin-Watson statistic is greater than upper critical value, so there is an evidence that error terms are not positively correlated. Also when ... |
This is in followup to a previous question. here :
Neural network model to predict treatment outcome
and might be considered to refer to a different aspect of this question:
Application of machine learning techniques in small sample clinical studies
Thanks to Zach who suggested reposting.
I've put some fairly serious... |
I have assayed the concentrations of various metal elements in
different anatomic regions of two strains of mice. Now, for each
element, in each region, I want to find whether there
is any difference between the two strains.
The concentrations of the different metals within an animal are
correlated, it is said that doi... |
Is there a function the calculates an exponentially weighted covariance matrix in R?
I recall seeing a function some time ago... I cannot turn up any thing in "R Search" or Task View pages.
|
While studying bootstrap-based confidence interval, I once read the following statement:
If the bootstrap distribution is skewed to the right, the bootstrap-based confidence interval incorporates a correction to move the endpoints even farther to the right; this may seem counterintuitive, but it is the correct action.... |
I have a variable X1 = (a - b) / (a + b). This variable shows a higher correlation to Y that any of (a, Y) and (b, Y).
In a multiple regression model like Y ~ X1, X2, does it make sense to use the X1 formula, or should I always use the base variables a and b?
In this post somebody pointed out that
Intuitively you'd b... |
What is the correct way to fit a multiple regression model where I have a combination of cubic and linearly related independent variables?
If I transform the variable showing cubic relationship, how do I transform back the forecasted variable, given that it's the result of both non-transformed and transformed data sets... |
I'm trying to find some information about the Mann-Kendall trend test. I've tried to make some research on google but the main reference that I find is the 1976 book "Rank correlation methods" by Kendall. Obviously this book isn't easy to find so I hope that you could give some links to find some practical information ... |
If I have the mean, s.d., median and count for sample A, and the same for sample B, can I throw away the samples, and calculate exactly mean, median and s.d. for the combination? Well the mean is easy.
Here is the question in R code:
a=c(1,2,3,4,5)
b=c(2,2,3,4,4,5)
c=c(a,b)
m=( (length(a)*mean(a)) + (length(b)*mean(b))... |
I posted a question earlier where I mentioned that I am interested in learning Machine Learning but that my background in statistics and probability is pretty weak.
Recently I previewed pages of 2 books which seem to quite suit my requirements. I was just wanting to know what the community thinks about my possible cho... |
Using R command predict, if the predict value is almost same, what can I do next step?
For example,
A time series model is determined as AR(1) model, and I predict the next value but it's very suspicious. (Data's period=12 and predict period=12 month, 1 year)
Example data is below.
Is that means only first few data ava... |
I'm a CS major and don't quite understand the mathematics behind a optimization problem coming from a machine learning algorithm. The algorithm is in Section 5 of the paper http://visl.technion.ac.il/bron/publications/BroBroOvsGuiTOG10.pdf
Problem Statement
given $P$ pairs of examples $(f_p, {f_p}')$ labeled by {1,-1},... |
Here is a sample output:
anova(fit1,fit2);
Quantile Regression Analysis of Deviance Table
Model: op ~ inp1 + inp2 + inp3 + inp4 + inp5 + inp6 + inp7 + inp8 + inp9
Joint Test of Equality of Slopes: tau in { 0.15 0.3 }
Df Resid Df F value Pr(>F)
1 9 1337 0.5256 0.8568
Warning messages:
1: In summary.rq(x, se... |
I'm looking for some ideas on how I can estimate the results of a particular calculation on a data set. The data is a very simple mapping of X=>Y where X is a real value and Y is a positive integer. The calculation that needs to be performed is given value Q what is the sum of all Y having X < Q.
What I want is a way t... |
How can I create two random sequences of numbers that are $50\%$ correlated to each other? Each sequence has a different variance.
|
I'm reading a paper on a study where a number of respondents received questions which they graded using a scale of 1-5. In the conclusion, the authors wrote that they "arrived at linear multiple regression models for the consolidated dependent variable N".
What does that mean?
(Disclosure: I am not a student of mathem... |
I have a very long time series (about a gigabyte in ascii format) that looks like this:
1, 0.5
2, 0.52
3, 0.3
.
.
.
The points occur at integer time points and are predominantly 1 second apart. A small proportion are missing. The series is known to peak when a certain phenomena occurs. However, there is some underly... |
Is R's fft() output normalized or not? In other words, do I have to normalize the output first before computing the phase angle using atan2()?
On a related point, does does anyone know what phase shift is used in R's fft() function?
|
I am trying to create a plot in R which gives me boxplots (and/or distributions) of one column ranked by quantiles (and/or equally spaced groups) of another column in a dataframe.
An example would be the following plot:
Can anybody give me references for packages or sites where the creation is explained?
|
I'm training a bunch of SVM models to do one-against-all multiclass classification (a test instance is classified as the class which produces the largest positive SVM response).
What's the best way to do cross-validation for selection of the regularization parameter?
Should I do cross-validation separately for each SVM... |
I have data from an experiment involving 4 groups of subjects, 2 possible interventions first and 3 possible intervention at a 2nd point, repeated data measurements from each subjects multiple time points with a decreasing number of measurements at each progressive time points after 2nd intervention (this was planned).... |
What is/are the difference(s) between 2x2 factorial design and 2-way ANOVA? Do they have the same assumptions?
|
I once heard the following statement from the web
Convex loss functions and nonlinear classification are two important concepts in supervised learning.
I do not know why this statement can be made? Or what are the roles that convex loss functions and nonlinear classifications play in developing supervised learning al... |
I have 3 independent variables A, B, C and want to run a multiple linear regression to predict Y. After studying the correlations between:
1) A, Y
2) B, Y
3) A/B, Y
4) (A-B)/(A+B), Y
It turns out that 4) has the highest correlation than all other cases by at least > 0.10. Both 3) and 4) make sense to me as variables... |
I have a large set of data sets. For instance, it has 30000 data points, which are identified as $1, 2, 3,\dots, 30000$. For notational purposes, $D(i)$ represents the data value for a point identified as $i$. These data points have the following localized pattern,
For a given integer value $k$, $D(3k+1) < D(3k+2)$, ... |
For the following popular data mining methods:
SVM, neural network, logistic regression, random forest, classification tree, Naïve Bayes classifier, regression;
How to compare them in terms of their respective advantage, disadvantage, limitation of application, performance, etc?
What are their underlying relationsh... |
Does anyone have reference to a summary of run-time analyses for common machine learning algorithms (different flavors of NN, SVMs, etc)?
|
Assuming I can download from facebook a list of my friends, and which of them are friends with each other - can I estimate from this information which of them is "central"? (I am not exactly sure how to define what "central" is in this context)
What information/assumptions are needed?
Thanks.
|
I ran a simulation on that for mcnemar test, and the answer seemed to be yes.
I was wondering if this can always be said to be the case that the exact P value is higher (or not smaller) then the p value which is arrived to through an approximation.
some code for example:
set.seed(234)
n <- 100 # number of total subject... |
Looking at the following dataset:
Date Visits Carts carts Orders
Created converted Created
2011-11-11 12277 161 9 36
2011-11-12 11871 93 5 19
2011-11-13 13072 107 8 8
2011-11-14 13594 ... |
In recent research I pursue a MANOVA model on a dataset comprised of 50 measured characters and several grouping factors that I need to test. When I use something like this
summary(manova(malesM ~ popMales*manageMales*biomeMales), test = "Wilks")
I get 2.2e-16 significance for every possible output (also with other ... |
I know I could obtain $p$-value by calculating coef/standard error using R command pnorm().
When the $p$-value of each coefficient is less than 0.05
(confidence interval 95%), can I reject those coefficients?
For example, given these $p$-value:
ar1: 0.003
ar2: 0.432
ar3: 0.04
do I have to reject ar2 and run my analys... |
I am trying to estimate the joint distribution of stock returns using the copula package. I have read a couple of papers on copulae, but alas my lack of math knowledge prevents me from understanding beyond the basics if that! I am thinking of estimating the joint distribution using the following steps and have a couple... |
I have a finite state and time-homogeneous continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) which is not irreducible. Will steady state probabilities exist for this CTMC? How to prove this?
|
Suppose I want to know how my observable X depends on Y and on Z. But Y itself depends on Z (e.g. they are correlated). I want to know the effect of Y on X after removing the effect of Z on both X and Y.
What is the right regression procedure for that? - Should I regress Z on X, take the residuals, and regress those o... |
I am trying to model sales data for stores at the Census block group level in order to predict sales at potential new restaurants. For example, I know that store 2, which has a giant flashing neon sign, has $2K in sales from block group 101, which is 2.5 miles away from the store 2 and where there are 600 households an... |
I am experimenting with a scheme for aggregating $N$ scored ratings. The gathered ratings themselves are integers, e.g. a chosen value between $1$ to $5$, and each rating $r_i$ is assigned with a score $s_i$. That is, a data point/record here is a $(rating, score)$ pair. However, $\sum_is_i\neq1$. Naturally, if we sort... |
What are some of the applications of a HMM in the marketing field - specifically CRM and targeted marketing?
For example, is it mainly for predicting an outcome given a sequence? Such as if web site visitor visits {Page 2, Page 54, page 23} what is the probability they will $<next>$ visit page 22? Or visit page 22 in t... |
We want to approximate the following expectation:
$$\mathbb{E}[h(x)] = \int h(x)\pi(x) dx$$
Where $h(x)$ is an arbitrary function and $\pi(x)$ is a distribution, also for simplicity, let's assume that we actually know the normalizing constant for $\pi(x)$. Of course we would like to sample from the optimal proposal d... |
I have data on a number of studies comparing response rates to various treatments of a disorder. There are six different treatments, and some studies only test a single treatment. For each treatment in each study, I have the response rate and the sample size (plus some other variables).
Normally, if there were only tw... |
Question from a stats novice and StackExchange newb, an anthropologist with a computer science background. I'm looking for an appropriate statistical measure for 'synchrony' as in the following situation:
I have a panoramic video of several people sitting in chairs around the camera having a conversation for an hour. I... |
Question 1
I have the following expression:
$H/S$,
where $H=\begin{cases}0,& \text{ if } rm\leq dj \\ 1, & \text{ if } rm>dj \end{cases}$ and $S=n-j$, and both $m$ and $j$ are drawn from the same multinomial distribution with number of trials $n$. The support of the multinomial distribution includes three discrete rand... |
In our Machine Learning class we recently came across Parzen Window Estimates. The following statement was made:
Let $\hat p_n$ be the estimator $\hat p$ using $n$ data points and let $p (x)$ be the real distribution of the data. For an acceptable estimate, we would like to require:
$$\lim_{n \to \infty}{\mathbb{E}[\ha... |
Here is an example: I have a set of observations of different individuals from lots of different families of grasses:
individual#, Fam, Genus, Factor1 (3 levels),
Factor2 (7 levels), Factor3 (5 levels),
Response1 (3 levels), Response2 (3 levels)
What I am hoping to discover is whether the frequency... |
I am trying to run an econometric panel data (random effects) model with about 950 observations (so not a small dataset). My data consists of different European public companies and of a few financial statistics of theirs during the last 10 years. However, I am having enormous amount of trouble with the following aspec... |
I am attempting to construct a survival analysis in Stata whereby subjects fail if the failure condition is met (Staph) but are also removed from the model once they are over 1100 days old. My current script is -
stset new_end_age, id(CPID) failure(Staph==1) exit(time new_end_age>=1100) origin(time birth_dt) scale(1)
... |
One of my date column doesn't read in date format, but I need to use the function WEEKDAY() on it.
How can I transform the data format of that column into date format?
UPDATE:
It is a csv file, following is one of the rows
01OCT2007,4.92,7.75
|
I will be conducting an experiment during which I need to measure mental load.
After some research I decided on subjective measurements, as I can't obtain the equipment needed to attempt objective measurements.
I came across the NASA TLX test which seems to be what I need, but it looks a little bit dated.
Are there any... |
In GARCH model how should I handle outliers?
Just remove it from my dataset and skip to next data entry?
|
Here is a basic question that perhaps has a simple answer, but one that I was not able to find by quickly scanning the literature.
Suppose that I have a collection of $n$ unopened boxes. Each box $i$ contains either a red ball or a blue ball: write $c_i = 1$ if box $i$ contains a red ball, and $c_i = 0$ otherwise. Mor... |
I have a question regarding the use of dmnorm in Jags when none of the mean and variance covariance matrix are known and fixed. I keep getting the error "node Q invalid parent value"
I am not sure where the issue comes from. Any idea will be more than welcome! Thanks!
model {
for (i in 1:n) {
mu[i] <- a+b*X... |
Possible Duplicate:
R-squared: X “explains” the percentage of variation of the Y values. Does axis order matter?
Excuse me about the strange question but I have a doubt regarding the linear regression.
Take a look at the code below:
x = rnorm(100)
y = rnorm(100)
mod1 = lm(x~y+0)
mod2 = lm(y~x+0)
As You ca... |
> age <- c(1,2,3)
> weight <- c(4,5,6)
> p <- data.frame(age=age, height=height)
> p
age height
1 1 4
2 2 5
3 3 6
> p[p$age > 1,]
age height
2 2 5
3 3 6
> age
[1] 1 2 3
> age.df <- data.frame(age=age)
> age.df
age
1 1
2 2
3 3
> age.df[age.df$age > 1,]
[1] 2 3
I want ... |
I am setting up a linear analysis of a single continuous dependent variable, with multiple (up to 11!) continuous independent variables. I am interested in doing something like an ANCOVA that will show the relative contribution and co-variation among the variables. But my understanding is that ANCOVA requires having at... |
I am doing a project with Weka with clustering algorithms (simple k-means, expectation-maximization and OPTICS). I would love to be able to call those algorithms over the internet.
So does Weka has a online API? But I suspect there is no. In that case, what are the alternatives?
Edit: What I am trying to achieve is ... |
So I've been learning about AB Testing and have used it to examine the form conversion rate of two different forms. However, I'm curious about testing whether a form with ads will generate more revenue than a site with just a form and no ads.
So the two things I'm comparing:
- form with ads
- form with no ads
I'm tryi... |
I am not a statistician and I saw a paper in computational PDE, someone argued his error bound for PDE is a good indicator of the PDE's numerical approximation's true error's spatial distribution by using the following way: he had two data sets $\{e\}_{i=1}^N$ and $\{\eta\}_{i=1}^N$ ($i$ is the index of the mesh), and ... |
I want to run multi-level beta regression with two levels (years nested within geographic pixels). I know about betareg, but as far as I know it doesn't have a multi-level option.
Thanks.
|
I have two questions about selecting ARIMA order(p,d,q).
Assuming that ACF or PACF graph shows spike at lag 4 only
(and there is no spike in any lags),
my question is,
Do I have to consider MA process rather than AR?
(because there is no spike from lag 1 to lag n-1 sequently, in this case n equal to 4)
What means ... |
We would like to measure (in near real-time) the completion latency of requests to our queue-based system. The volume of inbound requests is sufficiently high that we would like to sample/aggregate and report sample statistics back on regular (3 second basis). Our problem is that we don't know what statistics to capt... |
Following a recent down vote I have been trying to check my understanding of the Pearson Chi Squared test. I usually use the chi squared statistic (or reduced chi squared statistic) for fitting or checking the resulting fit. In this case the variance is not usually the expected number of counts in a table or histogram ... |
Consider linear regression with some regularization:
E.g. Find $x$ that minimizes $||Ax - b||^2+\lambda||x||_1$
Usually, columns of A are standardized to have zero mean and unit norm, while $b$ is centered to have zero mean. I want to make sure if my understanding of the reason for standardizing and centering is correc... |
I am working on the assumption page of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (the wilcox "paired test") in Wikipedia.
I was able to locate a reference for the assumption that I wrote there, which are:
Let $Z_i=X_i – Y_i$ for $i = 1, \ldots , n$.
The differences $Z_i$ are assumed to be independent.
Each $Z_i$ comes from
the s... |
Consider a scenario where a two-way contingency table is analyzed by a chi-squared test of independence and a significant result is found. Now, it turns out that this table is an aggregation of data from two subgroups which are heterogenous and one much bigger than the other. When analysed at the sub-group level, both ... |
What is the minimum length of a time-series for considering the results of the Mann-Kendall trend test "coherent"?
|
Hello,
I want to ask what transfer function I should use to model a gradual permanent step intervention with increasing rate of growth. The relevant graph is presented at the attached image.
I want to model a step intervention that leads to an increase in the level of the series. I consider three cases, an abrupt (sud... |
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