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Cookies"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Cookies</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Olga came to visit the twins Anna and Maria and saw that they have many cookies. The cookies are distributed into bags. As there are many cookies, Olga decided that it's no big deal if she steals a bag. However, she doesn't want the sisters to quarrel because of nothing when they divide the cookies. That's why Olga wants to steal a bag with cookies so that the number of cookies in the remaining bags was even, that is, so that Anna and Maria could evenly divide it into two (even 0 remaining cookies will do, just as any other even number). How many ways there are to steal exactly one cookie bag so that the total number of cookies in the remaining bags was even?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 100</span>) — the number of cookie bags Anna and Maria have. The second line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 100</span>) — the number of cookies in the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th bag.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print in the only line the only number — the sought number of ways. If there are no such ways print 0.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br/>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>10<br/>1 2 2 3 4 4 4 2 2 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>8<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>11<br/>2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 99<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Olga should take the only bag so that the twins ended up with the even number of cookies.</p><p>In the second sample Olga can take any of five bags with two cookies or any of three bags with four cookies — <span class=\"tex-span\">5 + 3 = 8</span> ways in total.</p><p>In the third sample, no matter which bag with two cookies Olga chooses, the twins are left with <span class=\"tex-span\">2 * 9 + 99 = 117</span> cookies. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/129\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/129/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *900\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a27de541b979b107bf2121de9fcc6443'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"677\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a27de541b979b107bf2121de9fcc6443'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"677\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3193\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"329\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\" title=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"331\" resourceName=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3219\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"916\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const nodeToText = function (node, pre) {\r\n let result = [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"SCRIPT\" || node.tagName === \"math\"\r\n || (node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n 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}\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_b38f7fcf883d1473663c4f1fb729046ccaaa01fc\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Cookies</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Olga came to visit the twins Anna and Maria and saw that they have many cookies. The cookies are distributed into bags. As there are many cookies, Olga decided that it's no big deal if she steals a bag. However, she doesn't want the sisters to quarrel because of nothing when they divide the cookies. That's why Olga wants to steal a bag with cookies so that the number of cookies in the remaining bags was even, that is, so that Anna and Maria could evenly divide it into two (even 0 remaining cookies will do, just as any other even number). How many ways there are to steal exactly one cookie bag so that the total number of cookies in the remaining bags was even?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 100</span>) — the number of cookie bags Anna and Maria have. The second line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 100</span>) — the number of cookies in the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th bag.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print in the only line the only number — the sought number of ways. If there are no such ways print 0.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br />1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>10<br />1 2 2 3 4 4 4 2 2 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>8<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>11<br />2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 99<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Olga should take the only bag so that the twins ended up with the even number of cookies.</p><p>In the second sample Olga can take any of five bags with two cookies or any of three bags with four cookies — <span class=\"tex-span\">5 + 3 = 8</span> ways in total.</p><p>In the third sample, no matter which bag with two cookies Olga chooses, the twins are left with <span class=\"tex-span\">2 * 9 + 99 = 117</span> cookies. Thus, Olga has only one option: to take the bag with <span class=\"tex-span\">99</span> cookies.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: \"getDiff\", a: previousStatementText, b: statementText}, function (result) {\r\n if (result[\"success\"] === \"true\") 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:41</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='54a4a869c36a4e85b8b3cf608513152f'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/paladin8\">paladin8</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/paladin8\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/paladin8\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/paladin8\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/paladin8\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/paladin8\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/paladin8\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">paladin8's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3210\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\"> Problem D of Beta Round 94\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div>Today's contest had some pretty interesting problems; I particularly liked <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/C\">Problem C</a> and <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/D\">Problem D</a>. I'm going to describe my solution to D which I think is quite nice (and results in simple code). I don't doubt that there are even easier solutions to the problem, so please enlighten me if you have one :).</div><br /><div><h3>Impossibility</h3><div>Let us denote the sequence by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and assume it has been sorted already. We can note immediately that there are some easy cases we can rule out. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is odd, by a parity argument it is impossible. Moreover, let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span>, i.e. the range of the values. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = 0</span> it is impossible since <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> ≥ 3</span>, and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> > <i>n</i> / 2</span> it is impossible since we cannot get from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and back going around the circle. Now that these cases are out of the way we move on to the actual algorithm.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Transformation</h3><div>It's natural to transform the input we're given into a form that's easier to work with, i.e. a histogram. As such, we define <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to be the number of values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> = <i>i</i></span> for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0, 1, ..., <i>m</i></span>. Now we replace each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> so that they are all in the range <span class=\"tex-span\">[0, <i>m</i>]</span>.</div></div><div><br /></div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A nice observation we can make about any valid sequence is the following. Consider the positions of any <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> in the circle. There are two paths from <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. We observe that if any valid sequence exists, then there exists one for which, along each of these paths, the value never decreases twice in a row (that is, we can think of each path as "increasing" with some oscillation). Suppose this does happen in our sequence, i.e. we have something like</div><div><br /></div><div><span class=\"tex-span\">0, 1, ..., <i>i</i> - 1, <i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1, ..., <i>m</i> - 1, <i>m</i></span></div><div><br /></div><div>where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> < <i>i</i> - 1</span> so <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i></span> is the decreasing sequence. Then we note that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> appeared somewhere between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, so we can take the values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1</span> and move them directly after the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> that was between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> (easy to see that the sequence is still valid). Repeating this for whenever we have a decrease of two or more gives us paths that never decreases twice in a row.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Validation</h3><div>Now with our transformation and observation, we can come up with the method of checking whether or not the histogram can produce a valid sequence. To do so, first place a <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> on the circle. Then we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub> - 1</span> zeros left to place. Note, however, that each zero must be adjacent to a one. So in fact there must be at least <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span> ones to "hide" all of the zeros from the rest of the numbers (one on each side and one for each additional zero). If there are fewer than that many, it is impossible. After placing the remaining zeros and ones arbitrarily (but alternating) on each side of the initial <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span>, we see that there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> - (<i>L</i> + 2)</span> ones remaining. By the same argument, we know how many twos there must be (again, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span>). We can continue like this until we get to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. If there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> remaining values of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>, we need <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>m</i></sub> = <i>L</i> + 1</span> to complete the circle (one to be the "end" and one for each additional <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>). If this is true, then it is possible and otherwise it is not.</div><div><br /></div><div>Note that the above placement strategy works because of the observation we made (we know we can use the small numbers greedily) and the fact that it doesn't matter how many of each number we put in each path as long as they end in the same value.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Code</h3><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\"><br /></pre><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\">int a[100100], c[100100];\n\nint main() {\n int n; cin >> n;\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];\n sort(a, a+n);\n int m = a[n-1]-a[0];\n if (n % 2 == 1 || m > n/2 || m == 0) { cout << "NO" << endl; return 0; }\n\n memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[a[i]-a[0]]++;\n\n bool poss = true;\n int L = c[0]-1;\n for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) {\n if (c[i] < L+2) { poss = false; break; }\n c[i] -= (L+2); L = c[i];\n }\n poss = poss && (c[m] == L+1);\n cout << (poss ? "YES" : "NO") << endl;\n return 0;\n}</pre></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/129\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-6678-3210\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"6678\",\n blogEntryId: \"3196\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=algorithm\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">algorithm</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+94\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round 94</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=tutorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">tutorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+44</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\">\n paladin8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\">\n 9\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3220\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (8)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64109\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Martial\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/3713/avatar/3d888fccf5caaac7.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Martial\" title=\"Specialist Martial\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Martial</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 17:13\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64109\" href=\"?#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64109\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"3713\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64109\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><br />A bit easier, I find:<br /><br />For a circle "min, min+1, min+2,...,max,max-1,max-2...,min+1", the histogram is 1 2 2.... 2 2 1.<br /><br />There's a solution if the histogram is an overlapping sum of histograms of circles.<br />You can modify the circles greedily until each one is empty: Pick one the circles on the left side. Remove two pieces of the circle so that the min value is increased by one. In the histogram, it means removing 1 to the two leftmost bins. That's implemented in this <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/submission/866854\">solution</a> .<br /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64109\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64138\" commentParentId=\"64109\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 23:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64138\" href=\"?#comment-64138\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64138\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64138\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Great; that's very clever indeed :).</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64138\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64156\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/fmm\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2565/avatar/a106c8b08b971ed0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/fmm\" title=\"Candidate Master fmm\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">fmm</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/16/2011 05:03\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64156\" href=\"?#comment-64156\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64156\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2565\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64156\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Just to "complete" the thread about this problem. I solved it with a maxflow approach, I didn't prove it properly (I will keep thinking, maybe I just had got lucky with the cases), well the main idea was build a bipartite graph with even numbers in one side and odd in the other (because this difference by one) and give for each node 2 of capacity (instead of 1 as usual) to get the maximum bipartite match (doubled this time), each vertex will have degree 2, and if they are all connected in the same component we have the cycle and the answer is YES, otherwise NO.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64156\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139553\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 18:52\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139553\" href=\"?#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please give me an idea of how to solve Div-2 C statues. </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139556\" commentParentId=\"139553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 19:24\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139556\" href=\"?#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139556\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139556\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can use BFS to find all cells at all moments of time of possible Maria positions. Since after 8 steps all statues are falls from board you can take in account only 20 moments — after 20 steps Maria already for sure either lose or win.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139556\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139746\" commentParentId=\"139556\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/04/2013 23:56\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139746\" href=\"?#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139746\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139746\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thanks. I solved the problem with your idea</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139746\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139748\" commentParentId=\"139746\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/05/2013 00:22\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139748\" href=\"?#comment-139748\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139748\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139748\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>but what the hell (<a href=\"/contest/129/submission/4007914\" title=\"Submission 4007914 by tinkz\">4007914</a>) you are submit, young padawan? Look at, for example, this solution: <a href=\"/contest/128/submission/866518\" title=\"Submission 866518 by coolinging\">866518</a> and use the force!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139748\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"744956\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/561697/avatar/ca6de1a9f6850289.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" title=\"Specialist drinkWater.\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">drinkWater.</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/06/2021 16:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-744956\" href=\"?#comment-744956\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"744956\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"561697\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-744956\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How to solve div2D ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children 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Students and Shoelaces"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Students and Shoelaces</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Anna and Maria are in charge of the math club for junior students. When the club gathers together, the students behave badly. They've brought lots of shoe laces to the club and got tied with each other. Specifically, each string ties together two students. Besides, if two students are tied, then the lace connects the first student with the second one as well as the second student with the first one.</p><p>To restore order, Anna and Maria do the following. First, for each student Anna finds out what other students he is tied to. If a student is tied to exactly one other student, Anna reprimands him. Then Maria gathers in a single group <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the students who have been just reprimanded. She kicks them out from the club. This group of students immediately leaves the club. These students takes with them the laces that used to tie them. Then again for every student Anna finds out how many other students he is tied to and so on. And they do so until Anna can reprimand at least one student.</p><p>Determine how many groups of students will be kicked out of the club.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> — the initial number of students and laces (<img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/c0f4b517c1454fa53ac04e10a468e8c02ed79905.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\"/>). The students are numbered from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, and the laces are numbered from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines each contain two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> — the numbers of students tied by the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th lace (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i>, <i>b</i> ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>a</i> ≠ <i>b</i></span>). It is guaranteed that no two students are tied with more than one lace. No lace ties a student to himself.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the single number — the number of groups of students that will be kicked out from the club.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 3<br/>1 2<br/>2 3<br/>3 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 3<br/>1 2<br/>2 3<br/>3 4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 5<br/>1 4<br/>2 4<br/>3 4<br/>5 4<br/>6 4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Anna and Maria won't kick out any group of students — in the initial position every student is tied to two other students and Anna won't be able to reprimand anyone.</p><p>In the second sample four students are tied in a chain and two more are running by themselves. First Anna and Maria kick out the two students from both ends of the chain (1 and 4), then — two other students from the chain (2 and 3). At that the students who are running by themselves will stay in the club.</p><p>In the third sample Anna and Maria will momentarily kick out all students except for the fourth one and the process stops at that point. The correct answer is one.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"41f9c6e56bd7a4fc9ef02bfeea69727c\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"95f9a265bfb797a97328a2e8331c8a7bd161e548\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"329\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\" title=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"331\" resourceName=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3219\" 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value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"B\" data-uuid=\"ps_35a5930596d64972a1647d66304392a333057d55\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Students and Shoelaces</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Anna and Maria are in charge of the math club for junior students. When the club gathers together, the students behave badly. They've brought lots of shoe laces to the club and got tied with each other. Specifically, each string ties together two students. Besides, if two students are tied, then the lace connects the first student with the second one as well as the second student with the first one.</p><p>To restore order, Anna and Maria do the following. First, for each student Anna finds out what other students he is tied to. If a student is tied to exactly one other student, Anna reprimands him. Then Maria gathers in a single group <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the students who have been just reprimanded. She kicks them out from the club. This group of students immediately leaves the club. These students takes with them the laces that used to tie them. Then again for every student Anna finds out how many other students he is tied to and so on. And they do so until Anna can reprimand at least one student.</p><p>Determine how many groups of students will be kicked out of the club.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> — the initial number of students and laces (<img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/c0f4b517c1454fa53ac04e10a468e8c02ed79905.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />). The students are numbered from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, and the laces are numbered from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines each contain two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> — the numbers of students tied by the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th lace (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i>, <i>b</i> ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>a</i> ≠ <i>b</i></span>). It is guaranteed that no two students are tied with more than one lace. No lace ties a student to himself.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the single number — the number of groups of students that will be kicked out from the club.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 3<br />1 2<br />2 3<br />3 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 3<br />1 2<br />2 3<br />3 4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 5<br />1 4<br />2 4<br />3 4<br />5 4<br />6 4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Anna and Maria won't kick out any group of students — in the initial position every student is tied to two other students and Anna won't be able to reprimand anyone.</p><p>In the second sample four students are tied in a chain and two more are running by themselves. First Anna and Maria kick out the two students from both ends of the chain (1 and 4), then — two other students from the chain (2 and 3). At that the students who are running by themselves will stay in the club.</p><p>In the third sample Anna and Maria will momentarily kick out all students except for the fourth one and the process stops at that point. 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:41</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='54a4a869c36a4e85b8b3cf608513152f'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/paladin8\">paladin8</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/paladin8\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/paladin8\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/paladin8\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/paladin8\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/paladin8\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/paladin8\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">paladin8's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3210\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\"> Problem D of Beta Round 94\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div>Today's contest had some pretty interesting problems; I particularly liked <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/C\">Problem C</a> and <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/D\">Problem D</a>. I'm going to describe my solution to D which I think is quite nice (and results in simple code). I don't doubt that there are even easier solutions to the problem, so please enlighten me if you have one :).</div><br /><div><h3>Impossibility</h3><div>Let us denote the sequence by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and assume it has been sorted already. We can note immediately that there are some easy cases we can rule out. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is odd, by a parity argument it is impossible. Moreover, let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span>, i.e. the range of the values. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = 0</span> it is impossible since <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> ≥ 3</span>, and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> > <i>n</i> / 2</span> it is impossible since we cannot get from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and back going around the circle. Now that these cases are out of the way we move on to the actual algorithm.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Transformation</h3><div>It's natural to transform the input we're given into a form that's easier to work with, i.e. a histogram. As such, we define <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to be the number of values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> = <i>i</i></span> for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0, 1, ..., <i>m</i></span>. Now we replace each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> so that they are all in the range <span class=\"tex-span\">[0, <i>m</i>]</span>.</div></div><div><br /></div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A nice observation we can make about any valid sequence is the following. Consider the positions of any <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> in the circle. There are two paths from <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. We observe that if any valid sequence exists, then there exists one for which, along each of these paths, the value never decreases twice in a row (that is, we can think of each path as "increasing" with some oscillation). Suppose this does happen in our sequence, i.e. we have something like</div><div><br /></div><div><span class=\"tex-span\">0, 1, ..., <i>i</i> - 1, <i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1, ..., <i>m</i> - 1, <i>m</i></span></div><div><br /></div><div>where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> < <i>i</i> - 1</span> so <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i></span> is the decreasing sequence. Then we note that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> appeared somewhere between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, so we can take the values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1</span> and move them directly after the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> that was between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> (easy to see that the sequence is still valid). Repeating this for whenever we have a decrease of two or more gives us paths that never decreases twice in a row.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Validation</h3><div>Now with our transformation and observation, we can come up with the method of checking whether or not the histogram can produce a valid sequence. To do so, first place a <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> on the circle. Then we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub> - 1</span> zeros left to place. Note, however, that each zero must be adjacent to a one. So in fact there must be at least <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span> ones to "hide" all of the zeros from the rest of the numbers (one on each side and one for each additional zero). If there are fewer than that many, it is impossible. After placing the remaining zeros and ones arbitrarily (but alternating) on each side of the initial <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span>, we see that there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> - (<i>L</i> + 2)</span> ones remaining. By the same argument, we know how many twos there must be (again, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span>). We can continue like this until we get to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. If there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> remaining values of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>, we need <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>m</i></sub> = <i>L</i> + 1</span> to complete the circle (one to be the "end" and one for each additional <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>). If this is true, then it is possible and otherwise it is not.</div><div><br /></div><div>Note that the above placement strategy works because of the observation we made (we know we can use the small numbers greedily) and the fact that it doesn't matter how many of each number we put in each path as long as they end in the same value.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Code</h3><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\"><br /></pre><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\">int a[100100], c[100100];\n\nint main() {\n int n; cin >> n;\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];\n sort(a, a+n);\n int m = a[n-1]-a[0];\n if (n % 2 == 1 || m > n/2 || m == 0) { cout << "NO" << endl; return 0; }\n\n memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[a[i]-a[0]]++;\n\n bool poss = true;\n int L = c[0]-1;\n for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) {\n if (c[i] < L+2) { poss = false; break; }\n c[i] -= (L+2); L = c[i];\n }\n poss = poss && (c[m] == L+1);\n cout << (poss ? "YES" : "NO") << endl;\n return 0;\n}</pre></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/129\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-6678-3210\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"6678\",\n blogEntryId: \"3196\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=algorithm\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">algorithm</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+94\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round 94</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=tutorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">tutorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+44</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\">\n paladin8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\">\n 9\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3220\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (8)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64109\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Martial\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/3713/avatar/3d888fccf5caaac7.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Martial\" title=\"Specialist Martial\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Martial</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 17:13\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64109\" href=\"?#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64109\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"3713\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64109\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><br />A bit easier, I find:<br /><br />For a circle "min, min+1, min+2,...,max,max-1,max-2...,min+1", the histogram is 1 2 2.... 2 2 1.<br /><br />There's a solution if the histogram is an overlapping sum of histograms of circles.<br />You can modify the circles greedily until each one is empty: Pick one the circles on the left side. Remove two pieces of the circle so that the min value is increased by one. In the histogram, it means removing 1 to the two leftmost bins. That's implemented in this <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/submission/866854\">solution</a> .<br /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64109\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64138\" commentParentId=\"64109\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 23:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64138\" href=\"?#comment-64138\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64138\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64138\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Great; that's very clever indeed :).</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64138\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64156\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/fmm\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2565/avatar/a106c8b08b971ed0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/fmm\" title=\"Candidate Master fmm\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">fmm</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/16/2011 05:03\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64156\" href=\"?#comment-64156\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64156\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2565\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64156\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Just to "complete" the thread about this problem. I solved it with a maxflow approach, I didn't prove it properly (I will keep thinking, maybe I just had got lucky with the cases), well the main idea was build a bipartite graph with even numbers in one side and odd in the other (because this difference by one) and give for each node 2 of capacity (instead of 1 as usual) to get the maximum bipartite match (doubled this time), each vertex will have degree 2, and if they are all connected in the same component we have the cycle and the answer is YES, otherwise NO.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64156\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139553\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 18:52\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139553\" href=\"?#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please give me an idea of how to solve Div-2 C statues. </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139556\" commentParentId=\"139553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 19:24\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139556\" href=\"?#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139556\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139556\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can use BFS to find all cells at all moments of time of possible Maria positions. Since after 8 steps all statues are falls from board you can take in account only 20 moments — after 20 steps Maria already for sure either lose or win.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139556\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139746\" commentParentId=\"139556\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/04/2013 23:56\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139746\" href=\"?#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139746\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139746\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thanks. I solved the problem with your idea</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139746\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139748\" commentParentId=\"139746\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/05/2013 00:22\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139748\" href=\"?#comment-139748\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139748\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139748\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>but what the hell (<a href=\"/contest/129/submission/4007914\" title=\"Submission 4007914 by tinkz\">4007914</a>) you are submit, young padawan? Look at, for example, this solution: <a href=\"/contest/128/submission/866518\" title=\"Submission 866518 by coolinging\">866518</a> and use the force!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139748\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"744956\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/561697/avatar/ca6de1a9f6850289.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" title=\"Specialist drinkWater.\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">drinkWater.</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/06/2021 16:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-744956\" href=\"?#comment-744956\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"744956\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"561697\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-744956\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How to solve div2D ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children 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Statues"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Statues</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>In this task Anna and Maria play a game with a very unpleasant rival. Anna and Maria are in the opposite squares of a chessboard (<span class=\"tex-span\">8 × 8</span>): Anna is in the upper right corner, and Maria is in the lower left one. Apart from them, the board has several statues. Each statue occupies exactly one square. A square that contains a statue cannot have anything or anyone — neither any other statues, nor Anna, nor Maria.</p><p>Anna is present on the board as a figurant (she stands still and never moves), and Maria has been actively involved in the game. Her goal is — to come to Anna's square. Maria and statues move in turn, Maria moves first. During one move Maria can go to any adjacent on the side or diagonal cell in which there is no statue, or she can stay in the cell where she is. The statues during their move must go one square down simultaneously, and those statues that were in the bottom row fall from the board and are no longer appeared.</p><p>At that moment, when one of the statues is in the cell in which the Maria is, the statues are declared winners. At the moment when Maria comes into the cell where Anna has been waiting, Maria is declared the winner.</p><p>Obviously, nothing depends on the statues, so it all depends on Maria. Determine who will win, if Maria does not make a strategic error.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>You are given the <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span> strings whose length equals <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span>, describing the initial position on the board. The first line represents the top row of the board, the next one — for the second from the top, and so on, the last line represents the bottom row. Each character string matches a single cell board in the appropriate row, and the characters are in the same manner as that of the corresponding cell. If the cell is empty, the corresponding character is \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>\". If a cell has Maria, then it is represented by character \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">M</span>\". If a cell has Anna, it is represented by the character \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">A</span>\". If a cell has a statue, then the cell is represented by character \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">S</span>\".</p><p>It is guaranteed that the last character of the first row is always \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">A</span>\", the first character of the last line is always \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">M</span>\". The remaining characters are \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>\" or \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">S</span>\".</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>If Maria wins, print string \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">WIN</span>\". If the statues win, print string \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">LOSE</span>\".</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>.......A<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>M.......<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>WIN<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>.......A<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>SS......<br/>M.......<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>LOSE<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>.......A<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>........<br/>.S......<br/>S.......<br/>MS......<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>LOSE<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"c141c4fcabad45abe8b00eea7cae8b46\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"95f9a265bfb797a97328a2e8331c8a7bd161e548\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/129\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/129/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Dfs and similar\">\r\n dfs and similar\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Graphs\">\r\n graphs\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1500\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='c141c4fcabad45abe8b00eea7cae8b46'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"679\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='c141c4fcabad45abe8b00eea7cae8b46'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"679\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3193\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"329\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\" title=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"331\" resourceName=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3219\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"916\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem 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(node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"P\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_47c0e58e8130da717bad507f8264eb91caf758d2\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Statues</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>In this task Anna and Maria play a game with a very unpleasant rival. Anna and Maria are in the opposite squares of a chessboard (<span class=\"tex-span\">8 × 8</span>): Anna is in the upper right corner, and Maria is in the lower left one. Apart from them, the board has several statues. Each statue occupies exactly one square. A square that contains a statue cannot have anything or anyone — neither any other statues, nor Anna, nor Maria.</p><p>Anna is present on the board as a figurant (she stands still and never moves), and Maria has been actively involved in the game. Her goal is — to come to Anna's square. Maria and statues move in turn, Maria moves first. During one move Maria can go to any adjacent on the side or diagonal cell in which there is no statue, or she can stay in the cell where she is. The statues during their move must go one square down simultaneously, and those statues that were in the bottom row fall from the board and are no longer appeared.</p><p>At that moment, when one of the statues is in the cell in which the Maria is, the statues are declared winners. At the moment when Maria comes into the cell where Anna has been waiting, Maria is declared the winner.</p><p>Obviously, nothing depends on the statues, so it all depends on Maria. Determine who will win, if Maria does not make a strategic error.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>You are given the <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span> strings whose length equals <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span>, describing the initial position on the board. The first line represents the top row of the board, the next one — for the second from the top, and so on, the last line represents the bottom row. Each character string matches a single cell board in the appropriate row, and the characters are in the same manner as that of the corresponding cell. If the cell is empty, the corresponding character is "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>". If a cell has Maria, then it is represented by character "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">M</span>". If a cell has Anna, it is represented by the character "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">A</span>". If a cell has a statue, then the cell is represented by character "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">S</span>".</p><p>It is guaranteed that the last character of the first row is always "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">A</span>", the first character of the last line is always "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">M</span>". The remaining characters are "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>" or "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">S</span>".</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>If Maria wins, print string "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">WIN</span>". If the statues win, print string "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">LOSE</span>".</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>.......A<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />M.......<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>WIN<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>.......A<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />SS......<br />M.......<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>LOSE<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>.......A<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />........<br />.S......<br />S.......<br />MS......<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>LOSE<br 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none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='54a4a869c36a4e85b8b3cf608513152f'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/yeon_gist\" title=\"Newbie yeon_gist\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">yeon_gist</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121170\">plusMinusPermutation computing error</a>\r\n <img alt=\"Text created or updated\" title=\"Text created or updated\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/x-update-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/altforminuscontribution\" title=\"Newbie altforminuscontribution\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">altforminuscontribution</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121162\">My screen get unexpectedly big, what should I do</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/atcoder_official\" title=\"Unrated, atcoder_official\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">atcoder_official</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121120\">We will hold UNIQUE VISION Programming Contest 2023 Autumn(AtCoder Beginner Contest 323)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" title=\"Candidate Master YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">YouStill_DontKnowMeYet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/117659\">[GYM] Al-Baath Collegiate Programming Contest 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/ankancool\" title=\"Expert ankancool\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/paladin8\">paladin8</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/paladin8\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/paladin8\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/paladin8\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/paladin8\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/paladin8\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/paladin8\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">paladin8's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3210\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\"> Problem D of Beta Round 94\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div>Today's contest had some pretty interesting problems; I particularly liked <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/C\">Problem C</a> and <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/D\">Problem D</a>. I'm going to describe my solution to D which I think is quite nice (and results in simple code). I don't doubt that there are even easier solutions to the problem, so please enlighten me if you have one :).</div><br /><div><h3>Impossibility</h3><div>Let us denote the sequence by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and assume it has been sorted already. We can note immediately that there are some easy cases we can rule out. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is odd, by a parity argument it is impossible. Moreover, let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span>, i.e. the range of the values. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = 0</span> it is impossible since <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> ≥ 3</span>, and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> > <i>n</i> / 2</span> it is impossible since we cannot get from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and back going around the circle. Now that these cases are out of the way we move on to the actual algorithm.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Transformation</h3><div>It's natural to transform the input we're given into a form that's easier to work with, i.e. a histogram. As such, we define <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to be the number of values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> = <i>i</i></span> for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0, 1, ..., <i>m</i></span>. Now we replace each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> so that they are all in the range <span class=\"tex-span\">[0, <i>m</i>]</span>.</div></div><div><br /></div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A nice observation we can make about any valid sequence is the following. Consider the positions of any <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> in the circle. There are two paths from <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. We observe that if any valid sequence exists, then there exists one for which, along each of these paths, the value never decreases twice in a row (that is, we can think of each path as "increasing" with some oscillation). Suppose this does happen in our sequence, i.e. we have something like</div><div><br /></div><div><span class=\"tex-span\">0, 1, ..., <i>i</i> - 1, <i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1, ..., <i>m</i> - 1, <i>m</i></span></div><div><br /></div><div>where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> < <i>i</i> - 1</span> so <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i></span> is the decreasing sequence. Then we note that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> appeared somewhere between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, so we can take the values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1</span> and move them directly after the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> that was between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> (easy to see that the sequence is still valid). Repeating this for whenever we have a decrease of two or more gives us paths that never decreases twice in a row.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Validation</h3><div>Now with our transformation and observation, we can come up with the method of checking whether or not the histogram can produce a valid sequence. To do so, first place a <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> on the circle. Then we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub> - 1</span> zeros left to place. Note, however, that each zero must be adjacent to a one. So in fact there must be at least <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span> ones to "hide" all of the zeros from the rest of the numbers (one on each side and one for each additional zero). If there are fewer than that many, it is impossible. After placing the remaining zeros and ones arbitrarily (but alternating) on each side of the initial <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span>, we see that there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> - (<i>L</i> + 2)</span> ones remaining. By the same argument, we know how many twos there must be (again, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span>). We can continue like this until we get to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. If there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> remaining values of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>, we need <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>m</i></sub> = <i>L</i> + 1</span> to complete the circle (one to be the "end" and one for each additional <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>). If this is true, then it is possible and otherwise it is not.</div><div><br /></div><div>Note that the above placement strategy works because of the observation we made (we know we can use the small numbers greedily) and the fact that it doesn't matter how many of each number we put in each path as long as they end in the same value.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Code</h3><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\"><br /></pre><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\">int a[100100], c[100100];\n\nint main() {\n int n; cin >> n;\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];\n sort(a, a+n);\n int m = a[n-1]-a[0];\n if (n % 2 == 1 || m > n/2 || m == 0) { cout << "NO" << endl; return 0; }\n\n memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[a[i]-a[0]]++;\n\n bool poss = true;\n int L = c[0]-1;\n for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) {\n if (c[i] < L+2) { poss = false; break; }\n c[i] -= (L+2); L = c[i];\n }\n poss = poss && (c[m] == L+1);\n cout << (poss ? "YES" : "NO") << endl;\n return 0;\n}</pre></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/129\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-6678-3210\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"6678\",\n blogEntryId: \"3196\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=algorithm\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">algorithm</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+94\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round 94</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=tutorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">tutorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+44</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\">\n paladin8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\">\n 9\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3220\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (8)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64109\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Martial\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/3713/avatar/3d888fccf5caaac7.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Martial\" title=\"Specialist Martial\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Martial</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 17:13\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64109\" href=\"?#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64109\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"3713\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64109\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><br />A bit easier, I find:<br /><br />For a circle "min, min+1, min+2,...,max,max-1,max-2...,min+1", the histogram is 1 2 2.... 2 2 1.<br /><br />There's a solution if the histogram is an overlapping sum of histograms of circles.<br />You can modify the circles greedily until each one is empty: Pick one the circles on the left side. Remove two pieces of the circle so that the min value is increased by one. In the histogram, it means removing 1 to the two leftmost bins. That's implemented in this <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/submission/866854\">solution</a> .<br /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64109\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64138\" commentParentId=\"64109\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 23:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64138\" href=\"?#comment-64138\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64138\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64138\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Great; that's very clever indeed :).</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64138\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64156\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/fmm\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2565/avatar/a106c8b08b971ed0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/fmm\" title=\"Candidate Master fmm\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">fmm</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/16/2011 05:03\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64156\" href=\"?#comment-64156\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64156\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2565\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64156\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Just to "complete" the thread about this problem. I solved it with a maxflow approach, I didn't prove it properly (I will keep thinking, maybe I just had got lucky with the cases), well the main idea was build a bipartite graph with even numbers in one side and odd in the other (because this difference by one) and give for each node 2 of capacity (instead of 1 as usual) to get the maximum bipartite match (doubled this time), each vertex will have degree 2, and if they are all connected in the same component we have the cycle and the answer is YES, otherwise NO.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64156\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139553\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 18:52\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139553\" href=\"?#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please give me an idea of how to solve Div-2 C statues. </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139556\" commentParentId=\"139553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 19:24\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139556\" href=\"?#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139556\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139556\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can use BFS to find all cells at all moments of time of possible Maria positions. Since after 8 steps all statues are falls from board you can take in account only 20 moments — after 20 steps Maria already for sure either lose or win.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139556\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139746\" commentParentId=\"139556\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/04/2013 23:56\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139746\" href=\"?#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139746\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139746\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thanks. I solved the problem with your idea</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139746\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139748\" commentParentId=\"139746\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/05/2013 00:22\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139748\" href=\"?#comment-139748\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139748\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139748\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>but what the hell (<a href=\"/contest/129/submission/4007914\" title=\"Submission 4007914 by tinkz\">4007914</a>) you are submit, young padawan? Look at, for example, this solution: <a href=\"/contest/128/submission/866518\" title=\"Submission 866518 by coolinging\">866518</a> and use the force!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139748\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"744956\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/561697/avatar/ca6de1a9f6850289.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" title=\"Specialist drinkWater.\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">drinkWater.</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/06/2021 16:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-744956\" href=\"?#comment-744956\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"744956\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"561697\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-744956\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How to solve div2D ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-744956\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3220\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 0.5em;left:4px;display: none;\">\r\n <input type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"en\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In English</span>\r\n <input style=\"margin-left:1em\" type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"ru\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In Russian</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <textarea data-drafts-id=\"CommentReplyFrame\" class=\"wysiwyg\" name=\"editContent\" rows=\"20\" style=\"width:99%;\"></textarea>\r\n <div class=\"error error__content\"></div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <input type=\"button\" name=\"preview\" style=\"padding: 0.25em 1em; 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String"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. String</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One day in the IT lesson Anna and Maria learned about the lexicographic order.</p><p>String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is lexicographically less than string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i></span>, if either <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is a prefix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i></span> (and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> ≠ <i>y</i></span>), or there exists such <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>i</i> ≤ <i>min</i>(|<i>x</i>|, |<i>y</i>|)</span>), that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, and for any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>j</i> < <i>i</i></span>) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> = <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Here <span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>a</i>|</span> denotes the length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>. The lexicographic comparison of strings is implemented by operator < in modern programming languages.</p><p>The teacher gave Anna and Maria homework. She gave them a string of length <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. They should write out all substrings of the given string, including the whole initial string, and the equal substrings (for example, one should write out the following substrings from the string \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aab</span>\": \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aa</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">ab</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aab</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">b</span>\"). The resulting strings should be sorted in the lexicographical order. The cunning teacher doesn't want to check all these strings. That's why she said to find only the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th string from the list. Help Anna and Maria do the homework.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a non-empty string that only consists of small Latin letters (\"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\"-\"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">z</span>\"), whose length does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>. The second line contains the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the string Anna and Maria need — the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th (in the lexicographical order) substring of the given string. If the total number of substrings is less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>, print a string saying \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">No such line.</span>\" (without the quotes).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>aa<br/>2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>a<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abc<br/>5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>bc<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abab<br/>7<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>b<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the second sample before string \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">bc</span>\" follow strings \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">ab</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abc</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">b</span>\".</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"59b3481704f01656e44c1a98bfa597b0\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"95f9a265bfb797a97328a2e8331c8a7bd161e548\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/129\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='59b3481704f01656e44c1a98bfa597b0'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/129/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Suffix arrays, suffix trees, suffix automatas, etc\">\r\n string suffix structures\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Prefix- and Z-functions, suffix structures, Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm, etc\">\r\n strings\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *2100\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='59b3481704f01656e44c1a98bfa597b0'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"680\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='59b3481704f01656e44c1a98bfa597b0'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"680\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3193\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"329\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\" title=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"331\" resourceName=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3219\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"916\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const 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result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_98a103b8c18368b03d50abf9ee12c87549d9126b\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. String</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One day in the IT lesson Anna and Maria learned about the lexicographic order.</p><p>String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is lexicographically less than string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i></span>, if either <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is a prefix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i></span> (and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> ≠ <i>y</i></span>), or there exists such <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>i</i> ≤ <i>min</i>(|<i>x</i>|, |<i>y</i>|)</span>), that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, and for any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>j</i> < <i>i</i></span>) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> = <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Here <span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>a</i>|</span> denotes the length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>. The lexicographic comparison of strings is implemented by operator < in modern programming languages.</p><p>The teacher gave Anna and Maria homework. She gave them a string of length <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. They should write out all substrings of the given string, including the whole initial string, and the equal substrings (for example, one should write out the following substrings from the string "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aab</span>": "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aa</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">ab</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aab</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">b</span>"). The resulting strings should be sorted in the lexicographical order. The cunning teacher doesn't want to check all these strings. That's why she said to find only the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th string from the list. Help Anna and Maria do the homework.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a non-empty string that only consists of small Latin letters ("<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>"-"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">z</span>"), whose length does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>. The second line contains the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the string Anna and Maria need — the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th (in the lexicographical order) substring of the given string. If the total number of substrings is less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>, print a string saying "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">No such line.</span>" (without the quotes).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>aa<br />2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>a<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abc<br />5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>bc<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abab<br />7<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>b<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the second sample before string "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">bc</span>" follow strings "<span 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='54a4a869c36a4e85b8b3cf608513152f'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/paladin8\">paladin8</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/paladin8\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/paladin8\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/paladin8\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/paladin8\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/paladin8\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/paladin8\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">paladin8's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3210\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\"> Problem D of Beta Round 94\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div>Today's contest had some pretty interesting problems; I particularly liked <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/C\">Problem C</a> and <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/D\">Problem D</a>. I'm going to describe my solution to D which I think is quite nice (and results in simple code). I don't doubt that there are even easier solutions to the problem, so please enlighten me if you have one :).</div><br /><div><h3>Impossibility</h3><div>Let us denote the sequence by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and assume it has been sorted already. We can note immediately that there are some easy cases we can rule out. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is odd, by a parity argument it is impossible. Moreover, let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span>, i.e. the range of the values. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = 0</span> it is impossible since <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> ≥ 3</span>, and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> > <i>n</i> / 2</span> it is impossible since we cannot get from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and back going around the circle. Now that these cases are out of the way we move on to the actual algorithm.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Transformation</h3><div>It's natural to transform the input we're given into a form that's easier to work with, i.e. a histogram. As such, we define <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to be the number of values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> = <i>i</i></span> for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0, 1, ..., <i>m</i></span>. Now we replace each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> so that they are all in the range <span class=\"tex-span\">[0, <i>m</i>]</span>.</div></div><div><br /></div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A nice observation we can make about any valid sequence is the following. Consider the positions of any <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> in the circle. There are two paths from <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. We observe that if any valid sequence exists, then there exists one for which, along each of these paths, the value never decreases twice in a row (that is, we can think of each path as "increasing" with some oscillation). Suppose this does happen in our sequence, i.e. we have something like</div><div><br /></div><div><span class=\"tex-span\">0, 1, ..., <i>i</i> - 1, <i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1, ..., <i>m</i> - 1, <i>m</i></span></div><div><br /></div><div>where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> < <i>i</i> - 1</span> so <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i></span> is the decreasing sequence. Then we note that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> appeared somewhere between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, so we can take the values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1</span> and move them directly after the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> that was between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> (easy to see that the sequence is still valid). Repeating this for whenever we have a decrease of two or more gives us paths that never decreases twice in a row.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Validation</h3><div>Now with our transformation and observation, we can come up with the method of checking whether or not the histogram can produce a valid sequence. To do so, first place a <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> on the circle. Then we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub> - 1</span> zeros left to place. Note, however, that each zero must be adjacent to a one. So in fact there must be at least <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span> ones to "hide" all of the zeros from the rest of the numbers (one on each side and one for each additional zero). If there are fewer than that many, it is impossible. After placing the remaining zeros and ones arbitrarily (but alternating) on each side of the initial <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span>, we see that there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> - (<i>L</i> + 2)</span> ones remaining. By the same argument, we know how many twos there must be (again, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span>). We can continue like this until we get to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. If there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> remaining values of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>, we need <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>m</i></sub> = <i>L</i> + 1</span> to complete the circle (one to be the "end" and one for each additional <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>). If this is true, then it is possible and otherwise it is not.</div><div><br /></div><div>Note that the above placement strategy works because of the observation we made (we know we can use the small numbers greedily) and the fact that it doesn't matter how many of each number we put in each path as long as they end in the same value.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Code</h3><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\"><br /></pre><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\">int a[100100], c[100100];\n\nint main() {\n int n; cin >> n;\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];\n sort(a, a+n);\n int m = a[n-1]-a[0];\n if (n % 2 == 1 || m > n/2 || m == 0) { cout << "NO" << endl; return 0; }\n\n memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[a[i]-a[0]]++;\n\n bool poss = true;\n int L = c[0]-1;\n for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) {\n if (c[i] < L+2) { poss = false; break; }\n c[i] -= (L+2); L = c[i];\n }\n poss = poss && (c[m] == L+1);\n cout << (poss ? "YES" : "NO") << endl;\n return 0;\n}</pre></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/129\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-6678-3210\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"6678\",\n blogEntryId: \"3196\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=algorithm\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">algorithm</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+94\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round 94</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=tutorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">tutorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+44</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\">\n paladin8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\">\n 9\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3220\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (8)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64109\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Martial\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/3713/avatar/3d888fccf5caaac7.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Martial\" title=\"Specialist Martial\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Martial</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 17:13\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64109\" href=\"?#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64109\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"3713\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64109\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><br />A bit easier, I find:<br /><br />For a circle "min, min+1, min+2,...,max,max-1,max-2...,min+1", the histogram is 1 2 2.... 2 2 1.<br /><br />There's a solution if the histogram is an overlapping sum of histograms of circles.<br />You can modify the circles greedily until each one is empty: Pick one the circles on the left side. Remove two pieces of the circle so that the min value is increased by one. In the histogram, it means removing 1 to the two leftmost bins. That's implemented in this <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/submission/866854\">solution</a> .<br /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64109\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64138\" commentParentId=\"64109\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 23:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64138\" href=\"?#comment-64138\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64138\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64138\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Great; that's very clever indeed :).</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64138\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64156\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/fmm\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2565/avatar/a106c8b08b971ed0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/fmm\" title=\"Candidate Master fmm\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">fmm</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/16/2011 05:03\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64156\" href=\"?#comment-64156\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64156\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2565\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64156\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Just to "complete" the thread about this problem. I solved it with a maxflow approach, I didn't prove it properly (I will keep thinking, maybe I just had got lucky with the cases), well the main idea was build a bipartite graph with even numbers in one side and odd in the other (because this difference by one) and give for each node 2 of capacity (instead of 1 as usual) to get the maximum bipartite match (doubled this time), each vertex will have degree 2, and if they are all connected in the same component we have the cycle and the answer is YES, otherwise NO.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64156\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139553\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 18:52\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139553\" href=\"?#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please give me an idea of how to solve Div-2 C statues. </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139556\" commentParentId=\"139553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 19:24\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139556\" href=\"?#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139556\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139556\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can use BFS to find all cells at all moments of time of possible Maria positions. Since after 8 steps all statues are falls from board you can take in account only 20 moments — after 20 steps Maria already for sure either lose or win.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139556\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139746\" commentParentId=\"139556\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/04/2013 23:56\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139746\" href=\"?#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139746\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139746\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thanks. I solved the problem with your idea</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139746\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139748\" commentParentId=\"139746\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/05/2013 00:22\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139748\" href=\"?#comment-139748\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139748\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139748\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>but what the hell (<a href=\"/contest/129/submission/4007914\" title=\"Submission 4007914 by tinkz\">4007914</a>) you are submit, young padawan? Look at, for example, this solution: <a href=\"/contest/128/submission/866518\" title=\"Submission 866518 by coolinging\">866518</a> and use the force!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139748\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"744956\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/561697/avatar/ca6de1a9f6850289.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" title=\"Specialist drinkWater.\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">drinkWater.</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/06/2021 16:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-744956\" href=\"?#comment-744956\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"744956\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"561697\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-744956\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How to solve div2D ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children 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Games with Rectangle"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Games with Rectangle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>In this task Anna and Maria play the following game. Initially they have a checkered piece of paper with a painted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> × <i>m</i></span> rectangle (only the border, no filling). Anna and Maria move in turns and Anna starts. During each move one should paint inside the last-painted rectangle a new lesser rectangle (along the grid lines). The new rectangle should have no common points with the previous one. Note that when we paint a rectangle, we always paint only the border, the rectangles aren't filled.</p><p>Nobody wins the game — Anna and Maria simply play until they have done <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> moves in total. Count the number of different ways to play this game.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first and only line contains three integers: <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>k</i> ≤ 1000</span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the single number — the number of the ways to play the game. As this number can be very big, print the value modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000000007</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup> + 7</span>).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 3 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 4 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 7 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>75<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Two ways to play the game are considered different if the final pictures are different. In other words, if one way contains a rectangle that is not contained in the other way.</p><p>In the first sample Anna, who performs her first and only move, has only one possible action plan — insert a <span class=\"tex-span\">1 × 1</span> square inside the given <span class=\"tex-span\">3 × 3</span> square.</p><p>In the second sample Anna has as much as 9 variants: 4 ways to paint a <span class=\"tex-span\">1 × 1</span> square, 2 ways to insert a <span class=\"tex-span\">1 × 2</span> rectangle vertically, 2 more ways to insert it horizontally and one more way is to insert a <span class=\"tex-span\">2 × 2</span> square.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"c8425f816bb3c246f9a76e3f3c204d4d\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"95f9a265bfb797a97328a2e8331c8a7bd161e548\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='c8425f816bb3c246f9a76e3f3c204d4d'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/129/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Combinatorics\">\r\n combinatorics\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Dynamic programming\">\r\n dp\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *2000\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='c8425f816bb3c246f9a76e3f3c204d4d'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"681\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='c8425f816bb3c246f9a76e3f3c204d4d'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"681\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, 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Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3193\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"329\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\" title=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"331\" resourceName=\"Problem D of Beta Round 94\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3219\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"916\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #94 Editorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/129/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: 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class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Games with Rectangle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>In this task Anna and Maria play the following game. Initially they have a checkered piece of paper with a painted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> × <i>m</i></span> rectangle (only the border, no filling). Anna and Maria move in turns and Anna starts. During each move one should paint inside the last-painted rectangle a new lesser rectangle (along the grid lines). The new rectangle should have no common points with the previous one. Note that when we paint a rectangle, we always paint only the border, the rectangles aren't filled.</p><p>Nobody wins the game — Anna and Maria simply play until they have done <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> moves in total. Count the number of different ways to play this game.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first and only line contains three integers: <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>k</i> ≤ 1000</span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the single number — the number of the ways to play the game. As this number can be very big, print the value modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000000007</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup> + 7</span>).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 3 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 4 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 7 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>75<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Two ways to play the game are considered different if the final pictures are different. In other words, if one way contains a rectangle that is not contained in the other way.</p><p>In the first sample Anna, who performs her first and only move, has only one possible action plan — insert a <span class=\"tex-span\">1 × 1</span> square inside the given <span class=\"tex-span\">3 × 3</span> square.</p><p>In the second sample Anna has as much as 9 variants: 4 ways to paint a <span class=\"tex-span\">1 × 1</span> square, 2 ways to insert a <span class=\"tex-span\">1 × 2</span> rectangle vertically, 2 more ways to insert it horizontally and one more way is to insert a <span class=\"tex-span\">2 × 2</span> square.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=E]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:41</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='54a4a869c36a4e85b8b3cf608513152f'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/paladin8\">paladin8</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/paladin8\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/paladin8\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/paladin8\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/paladin8\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/paladin8\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/paladin8\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">paladin8's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3210\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196\"> Problem D of Beta Round 94\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div>Today's contest had some pretty interesting problems; I particularly liked <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/C\">Problem C</a> and <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/problem/D\">Problem D</a>. I'm going to describe my solution to D which I think is quite nice (and results in simple code). I don't doubt that there are even easier solutions to the problem, so please enlighten me if you have one :).</div><br /><div><h3>Impossibility</h3><div>Let us denote the sequence by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and assume it has been sorted already. We can note immediately that there are some easy cases we can rule out. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is odd, by a parity argument it is impossible. Moreover, let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span>, i.e. the range of the values. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> = 0</span> it is impossible since <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> ≥ 3</span>, and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> > <i>n</i> / 2</span> it is impossible since we cannot get from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> and back going around the circle. Now that these cases are out of the way we move on to the actual algorithm.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Transformation</h3><div>It's natural to transform the input we're given into a form that's easier to work with, i.e. a histogram. As such, we define <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to be the number of values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> = <i>i</i></span> for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0, 1, ..., <i>m</i></span>. Now we replace each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> so that they are all in the range <span class=\"tex-span\">[0, <i>m</i>]</span>.</div></div><div><br /></div><h3>Observation</h3><div>A nice observation we can make about any valid sequence is the following. Consider the positions of any <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> in the circle. There are two paths from <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. We observe that if any valid sequence exists, then there exists one for which, along each of these paths, the value never decreases twice in a row (that is, we can think of each path as "increasing" with some oscillation). Suppose this does happen in our sequence, i.e. we have something like</div><div><br /></div><div><span class=\"tex-span\">0, 1, ..., <i>i</i> - 1, <i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1, ..., <i>m</i> - 1, <i>m</i></span></div><div><br /></div><div>where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> < <i>i</i> - 1</span> so <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i>, <i>i</i> - 1, ..., <i>j</i> + 1, <i>j</i></span> is the decreasing sequence. Then we note that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> appeared somewhere between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, so we can take the values <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i>, <i>j</i> + 1</span> and move them directly after the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> + 1</span> that was between <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> (easy to see that the sequence is still valid). Repeating this for whenever we have a decrease of two or more gives us paths that never decreases twice in a row.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Validation</h3><div>Now with our transformation and observation, we can come up with the method of checking whether or not the histogram can produce a valid sequence. To do so, first place a <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> on the circle. Then we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub> - 1</span> zeros left to place. Note, however, that each zero must be adjacent to a one. So in fact there must be at least <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span> ones to "hide" all of the zeros from the rest of the numbers (one on each side and one for each additional zero). If there are fewer than that many, it is impossible. After placing the remaining zeros and ones arbitrarily (but alternating) on each side of the initial <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span>, we see that there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> = <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> - (<i>L</i> + 2)</span> ones remaining. By the same argument, we know how many twos there must be (again, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> + 2</span>). We can continue like this until we get to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. If there are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> remaining values of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>, we need <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>m</i></sub> = <i>L</i> + 1</span> to complete the circle (one to be the "end" and one for each additional <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i> - 1</span>). If this is true, then it is possible and otherwise it is not.</div><div><br /></div><div>Note that the above placement strategy works because of the observation we made (we know we can use the small numbers greedily) and the fact that it doesn't matter how many of each number we put in each path as long as they end in the same value.</div><div><br /></div><h3>Code</h3><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\"><br /></pre><pre style=\"line-height: 100.0%;\">int a[100100], c[100100];\n\nint main() {\n int n; cin >> n;\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) cin >> a[i];\n sort(a, a+n);\n int m = a[n-1]-a[0];\n if (n % 2 == 1 || m > n/2 || m == 0) { cout << "NO" << endl; return 0; }\n\n memset(c, 0, sizeof(c));\n for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[a[i]-a[0]]++;\n\n bool poss = true;\n int L = c[0]-1;\n for (int i = 1; i < m; i++) {\n if (c[i] < L+2) { poss = false; break; }\n c[i] -= (L+2); L = c[i];\n }\n poss = poss && (c[m] == L+1);\n cout << (poss ? "YES" : "NO") << endl;\n return 0;\n}</pre></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/129\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 94 (Div. 2 Only)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-6678-3210\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"6678\",\n blogEntryId: \"3196\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=algorithm\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">algorithm</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+94\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round 94</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=tutorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">tutorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+44</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3210\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\">\n paladin8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 14:12\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3196#comments\">\n 9\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3220\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (8)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64109\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Martial\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/3713/avatar/3d888fccf5caaac7.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Martial\" title=\"Specialist Martial\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Martial</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 17:13\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64109\" href=\"?#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64109\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"3713\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64109\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><br />A bit easier, I find:<br /><br />For a circle "min, min+1, min+2,...,max,max-1,max-2...,min+1", the histogram is 1 2 2.... 2 2 1.<br /><br />There's a solution if the histogram is an overlapping sum of histograms of circles.<br />You can modify the circles greedily until each one is empty: Pick one the circles on the left side. Remove two pieces of the circle so that the min value is increased by one. In the histogram, it means removing 1 to the two leftmost bins. That's implemented in this <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/128/submission/866854\">solution</a> .<br /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64109 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64109\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64138\" commentParentId=\"64109\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/15/2011 23:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64138\" href=\"?#comment-64138\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-64109\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64138\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64138\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Great; that's very clever indeed :).</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64138 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64138\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"64156\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/fmm\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2565/avatar/a106c8b08b971ed0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/fmm\" title=\"Candidate Master fmm\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">fmm</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/16/2011 05:03\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-64156\" href=\"?#comment-64156\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"64156\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2565\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-64156\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Just to "complete" the thread about this problem. I solved it with a maxflow approach, I didn't prove it properly (I will keep thinking, maybe I just had got lucky with the cases), well the main idea was build a bipartite graph with even numbers in one side and odd in the other (because this difference by one) and give for each node 2 of capacity (instead of 1 as usual) to get the maximum bipartite match (doubled this time), each vertex will have degree 2, and if they are all connected in the same component we have the cycle and the answer is YES, otherwise NO.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-64156 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-64156\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139553\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 18:52\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139553\" href=\"?#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please give me an idea of how to solve Div-2 C statues. </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139556\" commentParentId=\"139553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/03/2013 19:24\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139556\" href=\"?#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139556\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139556\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can use BFS to find all cells at all moments of time of possible Maria positions. Since after 8 steps all statues are falls from board you can take in account only 20 moments — after 20 steps Maria already for sure either lose or win.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139556 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139556\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139746\" commentParentId=\"139556\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tinkz\" title=\"Specialist tinkz\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">tinkz</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/04/2013 23:56\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139746\" href=\"?#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139556\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139746\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"92159\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139746\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thanks. I solved the problem with your idea</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139746 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139746\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"139748\" commentParentId=\"139746\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/200/avatar/f0df4cadac2c1add.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sammarize\" title=\"Master Sammarize\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Sammarize</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/05/2013 00:22\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-139748\" href=\"?#comment-139748\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-139746\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"139748\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"200\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-139748\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>but what the hell (<a href=\"/contest/129/submission/4007914\" title=\"Submission 4007914 by tinkz\">4007914</a>) you are submit, young padawan? Look at, for example, this solution: <a href=\"/contest/128/submission/866518\" title=\"Submission 866518 by coolinging\">866518</a> and use the force!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-139748 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-139748\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"744956\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/561697/avatar/ca6de1a9f6850289.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drinkWater.\" title=\"Specialist drinkWater.\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">drinkWater.</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/06/2021 16:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-744956\" href=\"?#comment-744956\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"744956\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"561697\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-744956\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How to solve div2D ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-744956 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children 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class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>wHAT DO WE NEED cAPS LOCK FOR?</p><p>Caps lock is a computer keyboard key. Pressing it sets an input mode in which typed letters are capital by default. If it is pressed by accident, it leads to accidents like the one we had in the first passage. </p><p>Let's consider that a word has been typed with the Caps lock key accidentally switched on, if: </p><ul> <li> either it only contains uppercase letters; </li><li> or all letters except for the first one are uppercase. </li></ul><p>In this case we should automatically change the case of all letters. For example, the case of the letters that form words \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">hELLO</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">HTTP</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">z</span>\" should be changed.</p><p>Write a program that applies the rule mentioned above. If the rule cannot be applied, the program should leave the word unchanged.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains a word consisting of uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. The word's length is from 1 to 100 characters, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the result of the given word's processing.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>cAPS<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Caps</pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Lock<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Lock<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"cedd34ff488e9bee58ae2bde0794b21f\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"1cbbc1570bc66af1fb4ad76d519bd034a3502913\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='cedd34ff488e9bee58ae2bde0794b21f'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/131/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = $(this).hasClass(\"la-angle-right\");\r\n const params = {\r\n action: \"setCollapsed\",\r\n sidebarFrameSimpleClassName: \"ContestVirtualFrame\",\r\n collapsed\r\n };\r\n $.each($target[0].attributes, function(i, a) {\r\n const name = a.name;\r\n if (name.startsWith(\"data-extra-key-\")) {\r\n const key = a.value;\r\n const keyIndex = parseInt(name.substring(\"data-extra-key-\".length));\r\n const value = $target.attr(\"data-extra-value-\" + keyIndex);\r\n params[key] = value;\r\n }\r\n });\r\n $.post(dataPageUrl, params, function (result) {\r\n if (result[\"success\"] !== \"true\") {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Failed to save collapsed state.\");\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Problem tags\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\"padding: 0.5em;\">\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Prefix- and Z-functions, suffix structures, Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm, etc\">\r\n strings\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1000\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='cedd34ff488e9bee58ae2bde0794b21f'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"692\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='cedd34ff488e9bee58ae2bde0794b21f'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"692\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3243\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"334:335\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\" title=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"336\" resourceName=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3253\" title=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"920\" resourceName=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3254\" title=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #3 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"921\" resourceName=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const nodeToText = function (node, pre) {\r\n let result = [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"SCRIPT\" || node.tagName === \"math\"\r\n || (node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"P\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_bb4b82e686f91324e7dac9f36353b372f2ba7942\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. cAPS lOCK</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>0.5 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>wHAT DO WE NEED cAPS LOCK FOR?</p><p>Caps lock is a computer keyboard key. Pressing it sets an input mode in which typed letters are capital by default. If it is pressed by accident, it leads to accidents like the one we had in the first passage. </p><p>Let's consider that a word has been typed with the Caps lock key accidentally switched on, if: </p><ul> <li> either it only contains uppercase letters; </li><li> or all letters except for the first one are uppercase. </li></ul><p>In this case we should automatically change the case of all letters. For example, the case of the letters that form words "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">hELLO</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">HTTP</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">z</span>" should be changed.</p><p>Write a program that applies the rule mentioned above. If the rule cannot be applied, the program should leave the word unchanged.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains a word consisting of uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. The word's length is from 1 to 100 characters, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the result of the given word's processing.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>cAPS<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Caps</pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Lock<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Lock<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:41</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='6bc26572f5739927ade3a858fea280de'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">reiracofage</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/reiracofage\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/reiracofage\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/reiracofage\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/reiracofage\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/reiracofage\">Contests</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/reiracofage\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">reiracofage's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3270\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\"> Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hi, these are just some ideas of what I did to solve the problems in #95 (div 2). They're just what I did, better solutions may exist and will be very welcome!<br />Also, sorry if I wrote something wrong, English isn't my first language.<br />Also, (a b) is a choose b (a!/(b!(a-b)!)).<br /><b><br />Problem A</b><br /><br />Just do what the statement asks you to. Check if all letters are uppercase, except for the first one, that you don't need to check. If so, change the case of the entire string. If not, do nothing. Please notice that an one-letter string must have its case changed.</p><p>It can be easly done in O(n), where n is the lenght of the string.<br /><br /><b>Problem B</b><br /><br />First, let <i>count(i) </i>be the numbers of occurrences of the number <i>i</i> in the input,<br /> for<i> -10 <= i <= 10</i>. Remember that there may be negative numbers in the input, so one can use an offset to store these values (use an 21-sized array <i>C</i> and store <i>count(i)</i> in <i>C[i+10]</i>). Except for 0, possible matching are pairs <i>(i,-i)</i>, for <i>1 <= i <= 10</i>. It's easy to see that there will be exactly <i>count(i)*count(-i)</i> valid matching for each i, so just sum them all.</p><p>Since 0 "is opposite to itself", but "a client can't form a couple with<br />him/herself", the number of valid pairs <i>(0,0)</i> will be <i>(count(0) 2)</i>. Just sum<br />this value to the previous computed sum and print.<br />Use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br /><b>Problem C</b><br /><br />Since the constraints are small, let's just iterate through all possible numbers <i>b</i> of boys in the group and count how many ways we can form the group with <i>b</i> boys.</p><p><br />First, consider only the values where <i>b >= 4</i>. Given <i>b</i>, it's clear that the number of girls in the group must be <i>g = t - b</i>. If <i>g < 1</i>, don't consider this case. Given the values of <i>b</i> and <i>g</i>, there are <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> ways to form the group, since we can combine the boys independently the girls. Just sum <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> for each pair <i>(b,g)</i>. Again, use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br />One could precompute all the values of <i>(i j)</i> using the Pascal triangle, but one could also compute it with the traditional formula, if its implementation takes care of possible overflow (30! doesn't fit in 64-bit integer type).<br /><br /><b>Problem D</b><br /><br />A graph-related problem. The statement makes you sure that the given graph is connected and contains one (and exactly one) cycle. What you have to do is to compute the distance, in number of edges, from all vertexes to the cycle (print 0 for the vertex that are in the cycle. We will call these vertexes 'in-cycle').<br /><br />First, let's find the cycle and find the vertexes whose answer is 0. The cycle can be found with a regular Depth-First-Search (DFS), storing the fathers of the vertexes. Notice that, during the search, there will be exactly one back edge, say <i>(v<sub>i</sub>, v<sub>j</sub>)</i>. When this edge is found, iterate from <i>v<sub>i</sub></i> to<i> v<sub>j</sub></i> (using the father array) and label the vertexes as 'in-cycle'.<br /><br />After that, let's compute the answers for the other vertexes. One could "compact" the graph by merging all the 'in-cycle' vertexes into a single vertex. Then, just do another search starting by this vertex and compute the distances, knowing that the distance of a vertex <i>v<sub>i</sub> </i>is the distance of <i>father[v<sub>i</sub>]</i> plus one.<br /><br />Also, it's also possible to do as many searchs as the number of 'in-cycle' vertexes if you don't consider others 'in-cycle' vertexes during the search. The running time would still be <i>O(n + m)</i>, that, in this problem, is <i>O(n + n)</i> =<i> O(n)</i>.<b><br /></b><br /><b>Problem E</b><br /><br />Let's first consider that the queens can only attack the other pieces standing in the same line - the case with the columns and both diagonals will be analogous.<br /><br />Let<i> line[i] </i>be an array that will store all the queens that are in the <i>i-th</i> line on the chessboard. Since it's indexed by the line number, it's only necessary to store the column number of the pieces. So, for example, if we have queens at positions <i>(4,6), (4,8)</i> and <i>(6,5)</i>, we will have <i>line[4] = {6,8}</i> and <i>line[6] = {5}</i>.<br /><br />To check if the queen at position <i>(i,j)</i> is attacking someone in its line, you must check if there is some number greater than <i>j</i> and/or less than <i>j</i> in <i>line[i]</i>. To do that, presort <i>line[i]</i> and binary search <i>j</i> in it. Notice that <i>j</i> will always be successful found by the search. Notice also that there will be some number greater than <i>j</i> iff the found element is not the last one of <i>line[i]</i>. The same applies for the other case: check if<i> j</i> is not the first element of <i>line[i]</i>. If <i>j</i> is not the first nor the last element, the queen is attacking 2 pieces in its line. If <i>j</i> is the only element, the queen is attacking no one, and it's attacking 1 piece otherwise.<br /><br />Do the same thing (compute all <i>column[i]</i>, sort them and, for each queen, binary search) to the column, to the "/" diagonal, and to the "\\" diagonal. Remember that a piece at position <i>(i,j)</i> is at the diagonals <i>i+j</i> and <i>i-j</i>. Like in problem B, use an offset to handle the negative numbers in the last case. Store the line number in the <i>column[i]</i> array. There's no different in witch index (line or column) to use in the diagonals arrays (but, of course, use the same chosen index for everyone).<br /><br />It seems that the sorting part of the algorithm will run in <i>O(n*n*logn)</i> time, since we have <i>O(n)</i> lines, columns and diagonals. However, the sum of the sizes of all these arrays will be <i>m</i>, the numbers of queens. So the running time will be actually near<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>O(m*logm)</i>. Binary searching for every queen will take less than <i>O(m*logm)</i>, too.<br /></p><p>UPD: <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"../../../profile/nab\" title=\"Expert nab\">nab</a> said in the comments that an easier solution can be correctly done in O(m) time. Thank you!<br /></p><p><br /><b>Problem F</b><br /><br />The main idea is to, for each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>i<sub>2</sub></i>, count the ways you can form the rectangle using a sweep line-like algorithm. The idea is similar to the somewhat classic idea used for the problem that is, given an array of numbers, count how many contiguous sub arrays exists witch sum is equal or greater to some given <i>k</i>.<br /><br />Let's first of all identify all the points where a star can be found, in its "starting" position and "finish" position. These are the S and F position shown below.<br /><br /> 1<br />S1F<br /> 1<br /><br />For each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and<i> i<sub>2</sub> (i<sub>2</sub> > i<sub>1</sub>) </i>we will keep two indices (or pointers) <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> for the columns, with <i>j<sub>2</sub> > j<sub>1</sub></i>. During the algorithm, we will always analyze the rectangle formed by lines <i>i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub> </i>and columns<i> j<sub>1</sub>,j<sub>2</sub></i>. Let's start with<i> j<sub>1</sub> = 0</i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub> = 2</i> (there won't be any star in the rectangle<i> i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,0,(0 or 1)</i> simply because a star won't fit in it). Let's then count the number of stars found in this rectangle. It will be equal to<i> countfinish(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>2</sub>)</i>, where <i>countfinish(I1,I2,J)</i> is the number of "finish"<br />positions in the column<i> J</i> between the lines <i>I1</i> and <i>I2</i>. If this number is equal or greater than<i> k</i>, this rectangle and all the rectangles <i>(i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,j<sub>1</sub>,j)</i> for<i> j >= j<sub>2</sub> </i>will be valid, so you need to sum <i>m-j<sub>2</sub></i> to the answer. Then, increment <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and recalculate the numbers of stars in the rectangle. It will be equal to the previous number minus <i>countstart(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>1</sub>-1)</i>, (the definition of<i> countstart()</i> is analogous) since it's the number of starts that are "lost" when we move from<i> j<sub>1</sub>-1</i> to <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>. Check again if the new number is greater or equal than <i>k</i> and repeat the process until the number is less than <i>k</i>. Notice that <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> will always be less than<i> j<sub>2</sub></i>, since a star needs 3 columns to exists.<br /><br />Then, increment <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> and, without changing the value of <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>, repeat the process. Notice that this part of the algorithm will take <i>O(m)*T</i> time (where <i>T</i> is the time needed to calculate <i>countstart</i> and <i>countfinish</i>), since both<i> j<sub>2</sub></i> and<i> j<sub>1</sub></i> will "walk" in the columns only one time.<br /><br />A trick can be made to make <i>T = O(1)</i>. For each column<i> j</i>, precompute an array<i> countstart[j]</i>, where <i>countstart[j][i] = countstart[j][i-1] + (1</i> if <i>(i,j)</i> is a "starting" position, <i>0</i> otherwise). To compute <i>countstart(I1,I2,J)</i>, just use the formula<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>countstart[J][I2] - countstart[J][I1-1]</i>, that gives the value in constant time. Do the same with <i>countfinish</i>.<br /><br />Precomputing countstart and countfinish takes, for each column, <i>O(n)</i> time, so all the precomputing can be done in <i>O(n*m)</i> time. Since we use an <i>O(m)*O(1) = O(m)</i> time for <i>O(n<sup>2</sup>)</i> pairs of lines, the total time used for the algorithm is<i> O(n*m) + O(n<sup>2</sup>*m) = O(n<sup>2</sup>*m)</i>. A bit high for <i>n=m=500</i>, but the time limit for this problem was higher than the usual too (5 seconds instead of 2).<br /></p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/131\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-3606-3270\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"3606\",\n blogEntryId: \"3256\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=round+95+div+2\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">round 95 div 2</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+29</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">\n reiracofage\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\">\n 33\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3280\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (25)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65201\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65201\" href=\"?#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"65201\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65201\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65201\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>Problem E can be done in O(n+m) -- i.e. O(m) when m is at least on the order of n.</p><div>For the horizontal case, we determine the leftmost and rightmost queen on each row in O(n+m). The vertical and diagonal cases are similar. Then, we can compute the number of attacked queens for each queen in O(m) by simply checking whether it is the leftmost, rightmost, etc. in it's row/column/diagonals.</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65201\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65204\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:50\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65204\" href=\"?#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65204\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65204\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Why only if m >> n? This solution works for all n and m. O(m)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65204\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65206\" commentParentId=\"65204\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 07:18\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65206\" href=\"?#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65206\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65206\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The solution in the blog is O(m*logm). My solution is O(n+m) = O(max(n,m)), which can trivially be reduced to O(m) if you use an associative array and only compute rows/cols/diagonals with queens on them, but the overhead is unnecessary.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65206\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65209\" commentParentId=\"65206\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 08:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65209\" href=\"?#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65209\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65209\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">My solution is probably the same as yours. By saving the left most, right most, top most etc...<div>But, I was just wondering why did you write m >> n (which you have changed now, see Rev 1 or your first comment).</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65209\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65374\" commentParentId=\"65209\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 15:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65374\" href=\"?#comment-65374\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65374\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65374\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Indeed the first revision of the comment wasn't too clear, so I edited it to be more clear and accurate.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65374\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65237\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 15:49\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65237\" href=\"?#comment-65237\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65237\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65237\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Wow, that's correct! We don't need to know all the line[i]/column[i] array, but only their first and last element. It can be done in linear time.<br />Thank you very much!</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65237\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65280\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/kira\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/21214/avatar/e6748840e03ee758.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/kira\" title=\"Expert kira\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">kira</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65280\" href=\"?#comment-65280\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65280\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"21214\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65280\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I implemented the same solution for D, but it was long. I stumbled upon this thread:<br /><br />http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/3255<br /><br />Have a look. It's clever.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65280\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162905\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/201913/avatar/96bfa40e0dc4bb84.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" title=\"Specialist emacoder\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">emacoder</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:02\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162905\" href=\"?#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162905\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"201913\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162905\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, if you do as many search as the number of "in-cycles" vertices, isn't the time O(n^2), that is n times BFS ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162905\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162906\" commentParentId=\"162905\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:13\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162906\" href=\"?#comment-162906\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"162906\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162906\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162906\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Indeed, this solution consists in doing a BFS n times. However, notice that the sets of vertices and edges visited by each BFS don't intersect — a BFS will not visit a vertex or an edge that was already visited by some other BFS. This happens due to the "tree-likeless" of the graph. For each in-cycle vertex, the subgraph trasversed by its BFS is a tree and cannot reach the other trees, rooted at the other in-cycle vertices. Since each vertex and edge is visited only once during all BFSs, the solution remains O(n).</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162906\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"238418\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/135788/avatar/aba9fc5ac228b38d.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" title=\"Pupil calmhandtitan\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">calmhandtitan</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/27/2015 16:54\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-238418\" href=\"?#comment-238418\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"238418\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"135788\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-238418\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please help tell me why I am <strong>getting WA for problem D</strong> or where my code goes wrong.</p><p>Here's my submission. <a href=\"/contest/131/submission/11783845\" title=\"Submission 11783845 by calmhandtitan\">11783845</a></p><p>I have <strong>used the same algo as</strong> mentioned in the <strong>editorial</strong> above.</p><p>Thanks. :)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-238418\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"381257\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/567429/avatar/a682552f6ee34aaa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" title=\"Pupil Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/25/2017 18:48\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-381257\" href=\"?#comment-381257\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"381257\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"567429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-381257\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thank you so much</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-381257\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"517893\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" title=\"Expert tanmayak99\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">tanmayak99</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/11/2019 11:53\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-517893\" href=\"?#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"517893\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"637429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-517893\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Any ideas why my code for problem E giving TLE on case 29. I don't think i am doing anything different from the editorial given. Any optimisation? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-517893\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"529107\" commentParentId=\"517893\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/375981/avatar/f43e357afa721393.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" title=\"Candidate Master ay2306\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">ay2306</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/22/2019 06:26\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-529107\" href=\"?#comment-529107\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"529107\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"375981\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-529107\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can read my solution here : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/57482746\">Link</a></p><p>Pretty straightforward to understand.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-529107\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"550253\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" title=\"Specialist Hd7\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Hd7</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/14/2019 17:12\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-550253\" href=\"?#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"550253\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"550253\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"559666\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-550253\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, you also can detect all vertices in a cycle based on the degree of vertices. The ideal is mentioned in <a href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/detect-cycle-in-the-graph-using-degrees-of-nodes-of-graph/\">this article</a>. Check <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/62567496\">my submission</a> for more detail.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-550253\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"557018\" commentParentId=\"550253\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" title=\"Newbie chandrachud200\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">chandrachud200</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/09/2019 09:09\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-557018\" href=\"?#comment-557018\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"557018\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1222871\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-557018\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That was very useful and informative thanks a lot</p> <hr /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-557018\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"594737\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" title=\"Pupil dante_part_2\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">dante_part_2</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/30/2020 10:37\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-594737\" href=\"?#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"594737\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1401255\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-594737\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In Problem C, If I choose 4 boys from n boys and 1 girl from m girls. Then there will be n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. Then to fill remaining t-5 vacant in group, i can choose from those n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. The formula will be: nC4 * mC1 * (n+m-5)!/(n+m-t)! This approach is giving me wrong answer on test case 4.. Can someone please explain me what i am doing wrong here??? Thank you.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-594737\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"598679\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/blind123\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/blind123\" title=\"Unrated, blind123\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">blind123</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/07/2020 08:06\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-598679\" href=\"?#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"598679\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"907469\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-598679\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Even i am getting wrong answer on case 4 But my formula is nC4*mC1*(n+m-5)C(t-5)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-598679\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599045\" commentParentId=\"598679\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:10\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599045\" href=\"?#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599045\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599045\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599045\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599047\" commentParentId=\"599045\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:12\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599047\" href=\"?#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599047\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599047\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>you can compute diiferent values of ncr=c(n,r) by using pascal.s triangle as mention in the editorialist solution.. here is the link to my code <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715</a></p><p>hope it helps!!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599047\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"727553\" commentParentId=\"599047\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/amurto\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1501224/avatar/e593c98d58ea8bae.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/amurto\" title=\"Master amurto\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">amurto</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/30/2020 08:03\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-727553\" href=\"?#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"727553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1501224\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-727553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How does the pascal's triangle handle overflow? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-727553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1012285\" commentParentId=\"727553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1500624/avatar/6fa4fcbe938de3fa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" title=\"Pupil anubh4v\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">anubh4v</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/13/2023 02:43\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1012285\" href=\"?#comment-1012285\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1012285\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1500624\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1012285\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>To handle overflow you need know that the product of r consecutive integers is always divisible by r!. If the answer is within the limits of int/long the below method works fine.</p> <pre><code>static long nCr(int n, int r) {\n long ans = 1;\n for(int i=0; i<r; ++i) {\n\tans = ans*(n-i)/(i+1);\n }\n return ans;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1012285\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599048\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:13\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599048\" href=\"?#comment-599048\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599048\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599048\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599048\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720235\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1563545/avatar/deb3cac05d149576.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" title=\"Newbie ken_kaneki_124\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">ken_kaneki_124</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720235\" href=\"?#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"720235\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720235\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1563545\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720235\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>CAN SOMEONE PLEASE EXPLAIN WHAT'S WRONG WITH MY CODE? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720235\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720243\" commentParentId=\"720235\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1579534/avatar/f018b48f68ad1afe.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" title=\"Candidate Master jainnirav88\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">jainnirav88</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:52\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720243\" href=\"?#comment-720243\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720243\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1579534\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720243\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>see this : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720243\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1014832\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2490799/avatar/a26a7adee25c5872.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" title=\"Specialist coder_pulkit_s\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">coder_pulkit_s</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/20/2023 22:20\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1014832\" href=\"?#comment-1014832\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1014832\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2490799\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1014832\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Is there any way to find factorials without the overflow and also without changing the final answer?</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1014832\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3280\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 0.5em;left:4px;display: none;\">\r\n <input type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"en\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In English</span>\r\n <input style=\"margin-left:1em\" type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"ru\"><span style=\"font-size: 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Opposites Attract"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Opposites Attract</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Everybody knows that opposites attract. That is the key principle of the \"Perfect Matching\" dating agency. The \"Perfect Matching\" matchmakers have classified each registered customer by his interests and assigned to the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th client number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"> - 10 ≤ <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10</span>). Of course, one number can be assigned to any number of customers.</p><p>\"Perfect Matching\" wants to advertise its services and publish the number of opposite couples, that is, the couples who have opposite values of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span>. Each couple consists of exactly two clients. The customer can be included in a couple an arbitrary number of times. Help the agency and write the program that will find the sought number by the given sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span>. For example, if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> = (1, - 1, 1, - 1)</span>, then any two elements <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> form a couple if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> have different parity. Consequently, in this case the sought number equals 4.</p><p>Of course, a client can't form a couple with him/herself.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>) which represents the number of registered clients of the \"Couple Matching\". The second line contains a sequence of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"> - 10 ≤ <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10</span>), <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> — is the parameter of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th customer that has been assigned to the customer by the result of the analysis of his interests.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the number of couples of customs with opposite <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span>. The opposite number for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is number <span class=\"tex-span\"> - <i>x</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> is opposite to itself). Couples that only differ in the clients' order are considered the same.</p><p>Note that the answer to the problem can be large enough, so you must use the 64-bit integer type for calculations. Please, do not use the %lld specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use cin, cout streams or the %I64d specificator.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>-3 3 0 0 3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br/>0 0 0<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample the couples of opposite clients are: <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">(1,2), (1,5) и (3,4)</span>.</p><p>In the second sample any couple of clients is opposite.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"5fcc304adcc575326aa7aed167bbdab1\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"1cbbc1570bc66af1fb4ad76d519bd034a3502913\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/131\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5fcc304adcc575326aa7aed167bbdab1'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/131/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Mathematics including integration, differential equations, etc\">\r\n math\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1200\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5fcc304adcc575326aa7aed167bbdab1'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"693\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5fcc304adcc575326aa7aed167bbdab1'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"693\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm 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style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"336\" resourceName=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3253\" title=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"920\" resourceName=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3254\" title=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #3 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"921\" resourceName=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: 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value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"B\" data-uuid=\"ps_5e071c83250fd635d1c3e329c4e0c7b2d7d71b24\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Opposites Attract</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Everybody knows that opposites attract. That is the key principle of the "Perfect Matching" dating agency. The "Perfect Matching" matchmakers have classified each registered customer by his interests and assigned to the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th client number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"> - 10 ≤ <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10</span>). Of course, one number can be assigned to any number of customers.</p><p>"Perfect Matching" wants to advertise its services and publish the number of opposite couples, that is, the couples who have opposite values of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span>. Each couple consists of exactly two clients. The customer can be included in a couple an arbitrary number of times. Help the agency and write the program that will find the sought number by the given sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span>. For example, if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> = (1, - 1, 1, - 1)</span>, then any two elements <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> form a couple if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> have different parity. Consequently, in this case the sought number equals 4.</p><p>Of course, a client can't form a couple with him/herself.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>) which represents the number of registered clients of the "Couple Matching". The second line contains a sequence of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"> - 10 ≤ <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10</span>), <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> — is the parameter of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th customer that has been assigned to the customer by the result of the analysis of his interests.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the number of couples of customs with opposite <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span>. The opposite number for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is number <span class=\"tex-span\"> - <i>x</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">0</span> is opposite to itself). Couples that only differ in the clients' order are considered the same.</p><p>Note that the answer to the problem can be large enough, so you must use the 64-bit integer type for calculations. Please, do not use the %lld specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use cin, cout streams or the %I64d specificator.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />-3 3 0 0 3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br />0 0 0<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample the couples of opposite clients are: <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">(1,2), (1,5) и (3,4)</span>.</p><p>In the second sample any couple of clients is opposite.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=B]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span 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href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">reiracofage</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/reiracofage\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/reiracofage\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/reiracofage\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/reiracofage\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/reiracofage\">Contests</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/reiracofage\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">reiracofage's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3270\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\"> Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hi, these are just some ideas of what I did to solve the problems in #95 (div 2). They're just what I did, better solutions may exist and will be very welcome!<br />Also, sorry if I wrote something wrong, English isn't my first language.<br />Also, (a b) is a choose b (a!/(b!(a-b)!)).<br /><b><br />Problem A</b><br /><br />Just do what the statement asks you to. Check if all letters are uppercase, except for the first one, that you don't need to check. If so, change the case of the entire string. If not, do nothing. Please notice that an one-letter string must have its case changed.</p><p>It can be easly done in O(n), where n is the lenght of the string.<br /><br /><b>Problem B</b><br /><br />First, let <i>count(i) </i>be the numbers of occurrences of the number <i>i</i> in the input,<br /> for<i> -10 <= i <= 10</i>. Remember that there may be negative numbers in the input, so one can use an offset to store these values (use an 21-sized array <i>C</i> and store <i>count(i)</i> in <i>C[i+10]</i>). Except for 0, possible matching are pairs <i>(i,-i)</i>, for <i>1 <= i <= 10</i>. It's easy to see that there will be exactly <i>count(i)*count(-i)</i> valid matching for each i, so just sum them all.</p><p>Since 0 "is opposite to itself", but "a client can't form a couple with<br />him/herself", the number of valid pairs <i>(0,0)</i> will be <i>(count(0) 2)</i>. Just sum<br />this value to the previous computed sum and print.<br />Use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br /><b>Problem C</b><br /><br />Since the constraints are small, let's just iterate through all possible numbers <i>b</i> of boys in the group and count how many ways we can form the group with <i>b</i> boys.</p><p><br />First, consider only the values where <i>b >= 4</i>. Given <i>b</i>, it's clear that the number of girls in the group must be <i>g = t - b</i>. If <i>g < 1</i>, don't consider this case. Given the values of <i>b</i> and <i>g</i>, there are <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> ways to form the group, since we can combine the boys independently the girls. Just sum <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> for each pair <i>(b,g)</i>. Again, use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br />One could precompute all the values of <i>(i j)</i> using the Pascal triangle, but one could also compute it with the traditional formula, if its implementation takes care of possible overflow (30! doesn't fit in 64-bit integer type).<br /><br /><b>Problem D</b><br /><br />A graph-related problem. The statement makes you sure that the given graph is connected and contains one (and exactly one) cycle. What you have to do is to compute the distance, in number of edges, from all vertexes to the cycle (print 0 for the vertex that are in the cycle. We will call these vertexes 'in-cycle').<br /><br />First, let's find the cycle and find the vertexes whose answer is 0. The cycle can be found with a regular Depth-First-Search (DFS), storing the fathers of the vertexes. Notice that, during the search, there will be exactly one back edge, say <i>(v<sub>i</sub>, v<sub>j</sub>)</i>. When this edge is found, iterate from <i>v<sub>i</sub></i> to<i> v<sub>j</sub></i> (using the father array) and label the vertexes as 'in-cycle'.<br /><br />After that, let's compute the answers for the other vertexes. One could "compact" the graph by merging all the 'in-cycle' vertexes into a single vertex. Then, just do another search starting by this vertex and compute the distances, knowing that the distance of a vertex <i>v<sub>i</sub> </i>is the distance of <i>father[v<sub>i</sub>]</i> plus one.<br /><br />Also, it's also possible to do as many searchs as the number of 'in-cycle' vertexes if you don't consider others 'in-cycle' vertexes during the search. The running time would still be <i>O(n + m)</i>, that, in this problem, is <i>O(n + n)</i> =<i> O(n)</i>.<b><br /></b><br /><b>Problem E</b><br /><br />Let's first consider that the queens can only attack the other pieces standing in the same line - the case with the columns and both diagonals will be analogous.<br /><br />Let<i> line[i] </i>be an array that will store all the queens that are in the <i>i-th</i> line on the chessboard. Since it's indexed by the line number, it's only necessary to store the column number of the pieces. So, for example, if we have queens at positions <i>(4,6), (4,8)</i> and <i>(6,5)</i>, we will have <i>line[4] = {6,8}</i> and <i>line[6] = {5}</i>.<br /><br />To check if the queen at position <i>(i,j)</i> is attacking someone in its line, you must check if there is some number greater than <i>j</i> and/or less than <i>j</i> in <i>line[i]</i>. To do that, presort <i>line[i]</i> and binary search <i>j</i> in it. Notice that <i>j</i> will always be successful found by the search. Notice also that there will be some number greater than <i>j</i> iff the found element is not the last one of <i>line[i]</i>. The same applies for the other case: check if<i> j</i> is not the first element of <i>line[i]</i>. If <i>j</i> is not the first nor the last element, the queen is attacking 2 pieces in its line. If <i>j</i> is the only element, the queen is attacking no one, and it's attacking 1 piece otherwise.<br /><br />Do the same thing (compute all <i>column[i]</i>, sort them and, for each queen, binary search) to the column, to the "/" diagonal, and to the "\\" diagonal. Remember that a piece at position <i>(i,j)</i> is at the diagonals <i>i+j</i> and <i>i-j</i>. Like in problem B, use an offset to handle the negative numbers in the last case. Store the line number in the <i>column[i]</i> array. There's no different in witch index (line or column) to use in the diagonals arrays (but, of course, use the same chosen index for everyone).<br /><br />It seems that the sorting part of the algorithm will run in <i>O(n*n*logn)</i> time, since we have <i>O(n)</i> lines, columns and diagonals. However, the sum of the sizes of all these arrays will be <i>m</i>, the numbers of queens. So the running time will be actually near<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>O(m*logm)</i>. Binary searching for every queen will take less than <i>O(m*logm)</i>, too.<br /></p><p>UPD: <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"../../../profile/nab\" title=\"Expert nab\">nab</a> said in the comments that an easier solution can be correctly done in O(m) time. Thank you!<br /></p><p><br /><b>Problem F</b><br /><br />The main idea is to, for each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>i<sub>2</sub></i>, count the ways you can form the rectangle using a sweep line-like algorithm. The idea is similar to the somewhat classic idea used for the problem that is, given an array of numbers, count how many contiguous sub arrays exists witch sum is equal or greater to some given <i>k</i>.<br /><br />Let's first of all identify all the points where a star can be found, in its "starting" position and "finish" position. These are the S and F position shown below.<br /><br /> 1<br />S1F<br /> 1<br /><br />For each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and<i> i<sub>2</sub> (i<sub>2</sub> > i<sub>1</sub>) </i>we will keep two indices (or pointers) <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> for the columns, with <i>j<sub>2</sub> > j<sub>1</sub></i>. During the algorithm, we will always analyze the rectangle formed by lines <i>i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub> </i>and columns<i> j<sub>1</sub>,j<sub>2</sub></i>. Let's start with<i> j<sub>1</sub> = 0</i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub> = 2</i> (there won't be any star in the rectangle<i> i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,0,(0 or 1)</i> simply because a star won't fit in it). Let's then count the number of stars found in this rectangle. It will be equal to<i> countfinish(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>2</sub>)</i>, where <i>countfinish(I1,I2,J)</i> is the number of "finish"<br />positions in the column<i> J</i> between the lines <i>I1</i> and <i>I2</i>. If this number is equal or greater than<i> k</i>, this rectangle and all the rectangles <i>(i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,j<sub>1</sub>,j)</i> for<i> j >= j<sub>2</sub> </i>will be valid, so you need to sum <i>m-j<sub>2</sub></i> to the answer. Then, increment <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and recalculate the numbers of stars in the rectangle. It will be equal to the previous number minus <i>countstart(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>1</sub>-1)</i>, (the definition of<i> countstart()</i> is analogous) since it's the number of starts that are "lost" when we move from<i> j<sub>1</sub>-1</i> to <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>. Check again if the new number is greater or equal than <i>k</i> and repeat the process until the number is less than <i>k</i>. Notice that <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> will always be less than<i> j<sub>2</sub></i>, since a star needs 3 columns to exists.<br /><br />Then, increment <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> and, without changing the value of <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>, repeat the process. Notice that this part of the algorithm will take <i>O(m)*T</i> time (where <i>T</i> is the time needed to calculate <i>countstart</i> and <i>countfinish</i>), since both<i> j<sub>2</sub></i> and<i> j<sub>1</sub></i> will "walk" in the columns only one time.<br /><br />A trick can be made to make <i>T = O(1)</i>. For each column<i> j</i>, precompute an array<i> countstart[j]</i>, where <i>countstart[j][i] = countstart[j][i-1] + (1</i> if <i>(i,j)</i> is a "starting" position, <i>0</i> otherwise). To compute <i>countstart(I1,I2,J)</i>, just use the formula<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>countstart[J][I2] - countstart[J][I1-1]</i>, that gives the value in constant time. Do the same with <i>countfinish</i>.<br /><br />Precomputing countstart and countfinish takes, for each column, <i>O(n)</i> time, so all the precomputing can be done in <i>O(n*m)</i> time. Since we use an <i>O(m)*O(1) = O(m)</i> time for <i>O(n<sup>2</sup>)</i> pairs of lines, the total time used for the algorithm is<i> O(n*m) + O(n<sup>2</sup>*m) = O(n<sup>2</sup>*m)</i>. A bit high for <i>n=m=500</i>, but the time limit for this problem was higher than the usual too (5 seconds instead of 2).<br /></p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/131\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-3606-3270\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"3606\",\n blogEntryId: \"3256\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=round+95+div+2\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">round 95 div 2</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+29</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">\n reiracofage\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\">\n 33\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3280\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (25)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65201\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65201\" href=\"?#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"65201\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65201\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65201\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>Problem E can be done in O(n+m) -- i.e. O(m) when m is at least on the order of n.</p><div>For the horizontal case, we determine the leftmost and rightmost queen on each row in O(n+m). The vertical and diagonal cases are similar. Then, we can compute the number of attacked queens for each queen in O(m) by simply checking whether it is the leftmost, rightmost, etc. in it's row/column/diagonals.</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65201\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65204\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:50\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65204\" href=\"?#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65204\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65204\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Why only if m >> n? This solution works for all n and m. O(m)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65204\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65206\" commentParentId=\"65204\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 07:18\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65206\" href=\"?#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65206\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65206\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The solution in the blog is O(m*logm). My solution is O(n+m) = O(max(n,m)), which can trivially be reduced to O(m) if you use an associative array and only compute rows/cols/diagonals with queens on them, but the overhead is unnecessary.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65206\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65209\" commentParentId=\"65206\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 08:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65209\" href=\"?#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65209\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65209\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">My solution is probably the same as yours. By saving the left most, right most, top most etc...<div>But, I was just wondering why did you write m >> n (which you have changed now, see Rev 1 or your first comment).</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65209\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65374\" commentParentId=\"65209\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 15:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65374\" href=\"?#comment-65374\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65374\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65374\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Indeed the first revision of the comment wasn't too clear, so I edited it to be more clear and accurate.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65374\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65237\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 15:49\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65237\" href=\"?#comment-65237\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65237\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65237\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Wow, that's correct! We don't need to know all the line[i]/column[i] array, but only their first and last element. It can be done in linear time.<br />Thank you very much!</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65237\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65280\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/kira\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/21214/avatar/e6748840e03ee758.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/kira\" title=\"Expert kira\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">kira</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65280\" href=\"?#comment-65280\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65280\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"21214\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65280\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I implemented the same solution for D, but it was long. I stumbled upon this thread:<br /><br />http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/3255<br /><br />Have a look. It's clever.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65280\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162905\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/201913/avatar/96bfa40e0dc4bb84.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" title=\"Specialist emacoder\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">emacoder</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:02\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162905\" href=\"?#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162905\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"201913\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162905\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, if you do as many search as the number of "in-cycles" vertices, isn't the time O(n^2), that is n times BFS ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162905\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162906\" commentParentId=\"162905\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:13\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162906\" href=\"?#comment-162906\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"162906\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162906\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162906\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Indeed, this solution consists in doing a BFS n times. However, notice that the sets of vertices and edges visited by each BFS don't intersect — a BFS will not visit a vertex or an edge that was already visited by some other BFS. This happens due to the "tree-likeless" of the graph. For each in-cycle vertex, the subgraph trasversed by its BFS is a tree and cannot reach the other trees, rooted at the other in-cycle vertices. Since each vertex and edge is visited only once during all BFSs, the solution remains O(n).</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162906\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"238418\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/135788/avatar/aba9fc5ac228b38d.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" title=\"Pupil calmhandtitan\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">calmhandtitan</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/27/2015 16:54\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-238418\" href=\"?#comment-238418\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"238418\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"135788\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-238418\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please help tell me why I am <strong>getting WA for problem D</strong> or where my code goes wrong.</p><p>Here's my submission. <a href=\"/contest/131/submission/11783845\" title=\"Submission 11783845 by calmhandtitan\">11783845</a></p><p>I have <strong>used the same algo as</strong> mentioned in the <strong>editorial</strong> above.</p><p>Thanks. :)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-238418\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"381257\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/567429/avatar/a682552f6ee34aaa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" title=\"Pupil Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/25/2017 18:48\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-381257\" href=\"?#comment-381257\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"381257\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"567429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-381257\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thank you so much</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-381257\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"517893\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" title=\"Expert tanmayak99\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">tanmayak99</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/11/2019 11:53\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-517893\" href=\"?#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"517893\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"637429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-517893\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Any ideas why my code for problem E giving TLE on case 29. I don't think i am doing anything different from the editorial given. Any optimisation? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-517893\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"529107\" commentParentId=\"517893\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/375981/avatar/f43e357afa721393.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" title=\"Candidate Master ay2306\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">ay2306</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/22/2019 06:26\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-529107\" href=\"?#comment-529107\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"529107\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"375981\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-529107\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can read my solution here : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/57482746\">Link</a></p><p>Pretty straightforward to understand.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-529107\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"550253\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" title=\"Specialist Hd7\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Hd7</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/14/2019 17:12\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-550253\" href=\"?#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"550253\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"550253\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"559666\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-550253\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, you also can detect all vertices in a cycle based on the degree of vertices. The ideal is mentioned in <a href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/detect-cycle-in-the-graph-using-degrees-of-nodes-of-graph/\">this article</a>. Check <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/62567496\">my submission</a> for more detail.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-550253\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"557018\" commentParentId=\"550253\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" title=\"Newbie chandrachud200\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">chandrachud200</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/09/2019 09:09\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-557018\" href=\"?#comment-557018\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"557018\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1222871\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-557018\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That was very useful and informative thanks a lot</p> <hr /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-557018\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"594737\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" title=\"Pupil dante_part_2\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">dante_part_2</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/30/2020 10:37\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-594737\" href=\"?#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"594737\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1401255\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-594737\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In Problem C, If I choose 4 boys from n boys and 1 girl from m girls. Then there will be n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. Then to fill remaining t-5 vacant in group, i can choose from those n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. The formula will be: nC4 * mC1 * (n+m-5)!/(n+m-t)! This approach is giving me wrong answer on test case 4.. Can someone please explain me what i am doing wrong here??? Thank you.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-594737\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"598679\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/blind123\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/blind123\" title=\"Unrated, blind123\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">blind123</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/07/2020 08:06\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-598679\" href=\"?#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"598679\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"907469\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-598679\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Even i am getting wrong answer on case 4 But my formula is nC4*mC1*(n+m-5)C(t-5)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-598679\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599045\" commentParentId=\"598679\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:10\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599045\" href=\"?#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599045\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599045\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599045\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599047\" commentParentId=\"599045\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:12\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599047\" href=\"?#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599047\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599047\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>you can compute diiferent values of ncr=c(n,r) by using pascal.s triangle as mention in the editorialist solution.. here is the link to my code <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715</a></p><p>hope it helps!!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599047\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"727553\" commentParentId=\"599047\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/amurto\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1501224/avatar/e593c98d58ea8bae.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/amurto\" title=\"Master amurto\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">amurto</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/30/2020 08:03\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-727553\" href=\"?#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"727553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1501224\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-727553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How does the pascal's triangle handle overflow? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-727553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1012285\" commentParentId=\"727553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1500624/avatar/6fa4fcbe938de3fa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" title=\"Pupil anubh4v\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">anubh4v</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/13/2023 02:43\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1012285\" href=\"?#comment-1012285\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1012285\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1500624\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1012285\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>To handle overflow you need know that the product of r consecutive integers is always divisible by r!. If the answer is within the limits of int/long the below method works fine.</p> <pre><code>static long nCr(int n, int r) {\n long ans = 1;\n for(int i=0; i<r; ++i) {\n\tans = ans*(n-i)/(i+1);\n }\n return ans;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1012285\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599048\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:13\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599048\" href=\"?#comment-599048\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599048\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599048\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599048\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720235\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1563545/avatar/deb3cac05d149576.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" title=\"Newbie ken_kaneki_124\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">ken_kaneki_124</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720235\" href=\"?#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"720235\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720235\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1563545\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720235\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>CAN SOMEONE PLEASE EXPLAIN WHAT'S WRONG WITH MY CODE? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720235\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720243\" commentParentId=\"720235\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1579534/avatar/f018b48f68ad1afe.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" title=\"Candidate Master jainnirav88\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">jainnirav88</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:52\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720243\" href=\"?#comment-720243\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720243\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1579534\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720243\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>see this : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720243\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1014832\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2490799/avatar/a26a7adee25c5872.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" title=\"Specialist coder_pulkit_s\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">coder_pulkit_s</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/20/2023 22:20\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1014832\" href=\"?#comment-1014832\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1014832\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2490799\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1014832\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Is there any way to find factorials without the overflow and also without changing the final answer?</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1014832\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3280\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 0.5em;left:4px;display: none;\">\r\n <input type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"en\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In English</span>\r\n <input style=\"margin-left:1em\" type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"ru\"><span style=\"font-size: 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The World is a Theatre"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. The World is a Theatre</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> boys and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> girls attending a theatre club. To set a play \"The Big Bang Theory\", they need to choose a group containing exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span> actors containing no less than 4 boys and no less than one girl. How many ways are there to choose a group? Of course, the variants that only differ in the composition of the troupe are considered different.</p><p>Perform all calculations in the 64-bit type: <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">long long</span> for С/С++, <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">int64</span> for Delphi and <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">long</span> for Java.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only line of the input data contains three integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">4 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 30, 1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 30, 5 ≤ <i>t</i> ≤ <i>n</i> + <i>m</i></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Find the required number of ways.</p><p>Please do not use the %lld specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use cin, cout streams or the %I64d specificator.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 2 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 3 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"049c5ec61b677123b8e36b302436df54\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"1cbbc1570bc66af1fb4ad76d519bd034a3502913\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #3 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"921\" resourceName=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n 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value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_151ec94b97915431adb257656d4ccf3f388a38e8\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. The World is a Theatre</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> boys and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> girls attending a theatre club. To set a play "The Big Bang Theory", they need to choose a group containing exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span> actors containing no less than 4 boys and no less than one girl. How many ways are there to choose a group? Of course, the variants that only differ in the composition of the troupe are considered different.</p><p>Perform all calculations in the 64-bit type: <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">long long</span> for С/С++, <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">int64</span> for Delphi and <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">long</span> for Java.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only line of the input data contains three integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">4 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 30, 1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 30, 5 ≤ <i>t</i> ≤ <i>n</i> + <i>m</i></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Find the required number of ways.</p><p>Please do not use the %lld specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use cin, cout streams or the %I64d specificator.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 2 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 3 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=C]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='6bc26572f5739927ade3a858fea280de'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">reiracofage</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/reiracofage\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/reiracofage\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/reiracofage\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/reiracofage\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/reiracofage\">Contests</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/reiracofage\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">reiracofage's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3270\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\"> Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hi, these are just some ideas of what I did to solve the problems in #95 (div 2). They're just what I did, better solutions may exist and will be very welcome!<br />Also, sorry if I wrote something wrong, English isn't my first language.<br />Also, (a b) is a choose b (a!/(b!(a-b)!)).<br /><b><br />Problem A</b><br /><br />Just do what the statement asks you to. Check if all letters are uppercase, except for the first one, that you don't need to check. If so, change the case of the entire string. If not, do nothing. Please notice that an one-letter string must have its case changed.</p><p>It can be easly done in O(n), where n is the lenght of the string.<br /><br /><b>Problem B</b><br /><br />First, let <i>count(i) </i>be the numbers of occurrences of the number <i>i</i> in the input,<br /> for<i> -10 <= i <= 10</i>. Remember that there may be negative numbers in the input, so one can use an offset to store these values (use an 21-sized array <i>C</i> and store <i>count(i)</i> in <i>C[i+10]</i>). Except for 0, possible matching are pairs <i>(i,-i)</i>, for <i>1 <= i <= 10</i>. It's easy to see that there will be exactly <i>count(i)*count(-i)</i> valid matching for each i, so just sum them all.</p><p>Since 0 "is opposite to itself", but "a client can't form a couple with<br />him/herself", the number of valid pairs <i>(0,0)</i> will be <i>(count(0) 2)</i>. Just sum<br />this value to the previous computed sum and print.<br />Use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br /><b>Problem C</b><br /><br />Since the constraints are small, let's just iterate through all possible numbers <i>b</i> of boys in the group and count how many ways we can form the group with <i>b</i> boys.</p><p><br />First, consider only the values where <i>b >= 4</i>. Given <i>b</i>, it's clear that the number of girls in the group must be <i>g = t - b</i>. If <i>g < 1</i>, don't consider this case. Given the values of <i>b</i> and <i>g</i>, there are <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> ways to form the group, since we can combine the boys independently the girls. Just sum <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> for each pair <i>(b,g)</i>. Again, use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br />One could precompute all the values of <i>(i j)</i> using the Pascal triangle, but one could also compute it with the traditional formula, if its implementation takes care of possible overflow (30! doesn't fit in 64-bit integer type).<br /><br /><b>Problem D</b><br /><br />A graph-related problem. The statement makes you sure that the given graph is connected and contains one (and exactly one) cycle. What you have to do is to compute the distance, in number of edges, from all vertexes to the cycle (print 0 for the vertex that are in the cycle. We will call these vertexes 'in-cycle').<br /><br />First, let's find the cycle and find the vertexes whose answer is 0. The cycle can be found with a regular Depth-First-Search (DFS), storing the fathers of the vertexes. Notice that, during the search, there will be exactly one back edge, say <i>(v<sub>i</sub>, v<sub>j</sub>)</i>. When this edge is found, iterate from <i>v<sub>i</sub></i> to<i> v<sub>j</sub></i> (using the father array) and label the vertexes as 'in-cycle'.<br /><br />After that, let's compute the answers for the other vertexes. One could "compact" the graph by merging all the 'in-cycle' vertexes into a single vertex. Then, just do another search starting by this vertex and compute the distances, knowing that the distance of a vertex <i>v<sub>i</sub> </i>is the distance of <i>father[v<sub>i</sub>]</i> plus one.<br /><br />Also, it's also possible to do as many searchs as the number of 'in-cycle' vertexes if you don't consider others 'in-cycle' vertexes during the search. The running time would still be <i>O(n + m)</i>, that, in this problem, is <i>O(n + n)</i> =<i> O(n)</i>.<b><br /></b><br /><b>Problem E</b><br /><br />Let's first consider that the queens can only attack the other pieces standing in the same line - the case with the columns and both diagonals will be analogous.<br /><br />Let<i> line[i] </i>be an array that will store all the queens that are in the <i>i-th</i> line on the chessboard. Since it's indexed by the line number, it's only necessary to store the column number of the pieces. So, for example, if we have queens at positions <i>(4,6), (4,8)</i> and <i>(6,5)</i>, we will have <i>line[4] = {6,8}</i> and <i>line[6] = {5}</i>.<br /><br />To check if the queen at position <i>(i,j)</i> is attacking someone in its line, you must check if there is some number greater than <i>j</i> and/or less than <i>j</i> in <i>line[i]</i>. To do that, presort <i>line[i]</i> and binary search <i>j</i> in it. Notice that <i>j</i> will always be successful found by the search. Notice also that there will be some number greater than <i>j</i> iff the found element is not the last one of <i>line[i]</i>. The same applies for the other case: check if<i> j</i> is not the first element of <i>line[i]</i>. If <i>j</i> is not the first nor the last element, the queen is attacking 2 pieces in its line. If <i>j</i> is the only element, the queen is attacking no one, and it's attacking 1 piece otherwise.<br /><br />Do the same thing (compute all <i>column[i]</i>, sort them and, for each queen, binary search) to the column, to the "/" diagonal, and to the "\\" diagonal. Remember that a piece at position <i>(i,j)</i> is at the diagonals <i>i+j</i> and <i>i-j</i>. Like in problem B, use an offset to handle the negative numbers in the last case. Store the line number in the <i>column[i]</i> array. There's no different in witch index (line or column) to use in the diagonals arrays (but, of course, use the same chosen index for everyone).<br /><br />It seems that the sorting part of the algorithm will run in <i>O(n*n*logn)</i> time, since we have <i>O(n)</i> lines, columns and diagonals. However, the sum of the sizes of all these arrays will be <i>m</i>, the numbers of queens. So the running time will be actually near<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>O(m*logm)</i>. Binary searching for every queen will take less than <i>O(m*logm)</i>, too.<br /></p><p>UPD: <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"../../../profile/nab\" title=\"Expert nab\">nab</a> said in the comments that an easier solution can be correctly done in O(m) time. Thank you!<br /></p><p><br /><b>Problem F</b><br /><br />The main idea is to, for each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>i<sub>2</sub></i>, count the ways you can form the rectangle using a sweep line-like algorithm. The idea is similar to the somewhat classic idea used for the problem that is, given an array of numbers, count how many contiguous sub arrays exists witch sum is equal or greater to some given <i>k</i>.<br /><br />Let's first of all identify all the points where a star can be found, in its "starting" position and "finish" position. These are the S and F position shown below.<br /><br /> 1<br />S1F<br /> 1<br /><br />For each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and<i> i<sub>2</sub> (i<sub>2</sub> > i<sub>1</sub>) </i>we will keep two indices (or pointers) <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> for the columns, with <i>j<sub>2</sub> > j<sub>1</sub></i>. During the algorithm, we will always analyze the rectangle formed by lines <i>i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub> </i>and columns<i> j<sub>1</sub>,j<sub>2</sub></i>. Let's start with<i> j<sub>1</sub> = 0</i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub> = 2</i> (there won't be any star in the rectangle<i> i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,0,(0 or 1)</i> simply because a star won't fit in it). Let's then count the number of stars found in this rectangle. It will be equal to<i> countfinish(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>2</sub>)</i>, where <i>countfinish(I1,I2,J)</i> is the number of "finish"<br />positions in the column<i> J</i> between the lines <i>I1</i> and <i>I2</i>. If this number is equal or greater than<i> k</i>, this rectangle and all the rectangles <i>(i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,j<sub>1</sub>,j)</i> for<i> j >= j<sub>2</sub> </i>will be valid, so you need to sum <i>m-j<sub>2</sub></i> to the answer. Then, increment <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and recalculate the numbers of stars in the rectangle. It will be equal to the previous number minus <i>countstart(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>1</sub>-1)</i>, (the definition of<i> countstart()</i> is analogous) since it's the number of starts that are "lost" when we move from<i> j<sub>1</sub>-1</i> to <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>. Check again if the new number is greater or equal than <i>k</i> and repeat the process until the number is less than <i>k</i>. Notice that <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> will always be less than<i> j<sub>2</sub></i>, since a star needs 3 columns to exists.<br /><br />Then, increment <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> and, without changing the value of <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>, repeat the process. Notice that this part of the algorithm will take <i>O(m)*T</i> time (where <i>T</i> is the time needed to calculate <i>countstart</i> and <i>countfinish</i>), since both<i> j<sub>2</sub></i> and<i> j<sub>1</sub></i> will "walk" in the columns only one time.<br /><br />A trick can be made to make <i>T = O(1)</i>. For each column<i> j</i>, precompute an array<i> countstart[j]</i>, where <i>countstart[j][i] = countstart[j][i-1] + (1</i> if <i>(i,j)</i> is a "starting" position, <i>0</i> otherwise). To compute <i>countstart(I1,I2,J)</i>, just use the formula<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>countstart[J][I2] - countstart[J][I1-1]</i>, that gives the value in constant time. Do the same with <i>countfinish</i>.<br /><br />Precomputing countstart and countfinish takes, for each column, <i>O(n)</i> time, so all the precomputing can be done in <i>O(n*m)</i> time. Since we use an <i>O(m)*O(1) = O(m)</i> time for <i>O(n<sup>2</sup>)</i> pairs of lines, the total time used for the algorithm is<i> O(n*m) + O(n<sup>2</sup>*m) = O(n<sup>2</sup>*m)</i>. A bit high for <i>n=m=500</i>, but the time limit for this problem was higher than the usual too (5 seconds instead of 2).<br /></p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/131\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-3606-3270\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"3606\",\n blogEntryId: \"3256\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=round+95+div+2\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">round 95 div 2</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+29</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">\n reiracofage\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\">\n 33\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3280\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (25)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65201\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65201\" href=\"?#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"65201\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65201\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65201\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>Problem E can be done in O(n+m) -- i.e. O(m) when m is at least on the order of n.</p><div>For the horizontal case, we determine the leftmost and rightmost queen on each row in O(n+m). The vertical and diagonal cases are similar. Then, we can compute the number of attacked queens for each queen in O(m) by simply checking whether it is the leftmost, rightmost, etc. in it's row/column/diagonals.</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65201\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65204\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:50\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65204\" href=\"?#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65204\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65204\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Why only if m >> n? This solution works for all n and m. O(m)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65204\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65206\" commentParentId=\"65204\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 07:18\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65206\" href=\"?#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65206\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65206\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The solution in the blog is O(m*logm). My solution is O(n+m) = O(max(n,m)), which can trivially be reduced to O(m) if you use an associative array and only compute rows/cols/diagonals with queens on them, but the overhead is unnecessary.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65206\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65209\" commentParentId=\"65206\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 08:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65209\" href=\"?#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65209\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65209\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">My solution is probably the same as yours. By saving the left most, right most, top most etc...<div>But, I was just wondering why did you write m >> n (which you have changed now, see Rev 1 or your first comment).</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65209\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65374\" commentParentId=\"65209\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 15:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65374\" href=\"?#comment-65374\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65374\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65374\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Indeed the first revision of the comment wasn't too clear, so I edited it to be more clear and accurate.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65374\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65237\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 15:49\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65237\" href=\"?#comment-65237\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65237\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65237\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Wow, that's correct! We don't need to know all the line[i]/column[i] array, but only their first and last element. It can be done in linear time.<br />Thank you very much!</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65237\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65280\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/kira\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/21214/avatar/e6748840e03ee758.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/kira\" title=\"Expert kira\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">kira</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65280\" href=\"?#comment-65280\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65280\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"21214\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65280\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I implemented the same solution for D, but it was long. I stumbled upon this thread:<br /><br />http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/3255<br /><br />Have a look. It's clever.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65280\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162905\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/201913/avatar/96bfa40e0dc4bb84.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" title=\"Specialist emacoder\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">emacoder</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:02\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162905\" href=\"?#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162905\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"201913\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162905\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, if you do as many search as the number of "in-cycles" vertices, isn't the time O(n^2), that is n times BFS ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162905\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162906\" commentParentId=\"162905\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:13\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162906\" href=\"?#comment-162906\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"162906\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162906\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162906\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Indeed, this solution consists in doing a BFS n times. However, notice that the sets of vertices and edges visited by each BFS don't intersect — a BFS will not visit a vertex or an edge that was already visited by some other BFS. This happens due to the "tree-likeless" of the graph. For each in-cycle vertex, the subgraph trasversed by its BFS is a tree and cannot reach the other trees, rooted at the other in-cycle vertices. Since each vertex and edge is visited only once during all BFSs, the solution remains O(n).</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162906\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"238418\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/135788/avatar/aba9fc5ac228b38d.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" title=\"Pupil calmhandtitan\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">calmhandtitan</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/27/2015 16:54\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-238418\" href=\"?#comment-238418\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"238418\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"135788\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-238418\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please help tell me why I am <strong>getting WA for problem D</strong> or where my code goes wrong.</p><p>Here's my submission. <a href=\"/contest/131/submission/11783845\" title=\"Submission 11783845 by calmhandtitan\">11783845</a></p><p>I have <strong>used the same algo as</strong> mentioned in the <strong>editorial</strong> above.</p><p>Thanks. :)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-238418\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"381257\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/567429/avatar/a682552f6ee34aaa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" title=\"Pupil Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/25/2017 18:48\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-381257\" href=\"?#comment-381257\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"381257\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"567429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-381257\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thank you so much</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-381257\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"517893\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" title=\"Expert tanmayak99\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">tanmayak99</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/11/2019 11:53\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-517893\" href=\"?#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"517893\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"637429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-517893\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Any ideas why my code for problem E giving TLE on case 29. I don't think i am doing anything different from the editorial given. Any optimisation? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-517893\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"529107\" commentParentId=\"517893\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/375981/avatar/f43e357afa721393.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" title=\"Candidate Master ay2306\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">ay2306</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/22/2019 06:26\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-529107\" href=\"?#comment-529107\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"529107\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"375981\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-529107\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can read my solution here : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/57482746\">Link</a></p><p>Pretty straightforward to understand.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-529107\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"550253\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" title=\"Specialist Hd7\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Hd7</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/14/2019 17:12\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-550253\" href=\"?#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"550253\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"550253\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"559666\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-550253\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, you also can detect all vertices in a cycle based on the degree of vertices. The ideal is mentioned in <a href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/detect-cycle-in-the-graph-using-degrees-of-nodes-of-graph/\">this article</a>. Check <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/62567496\">my submission</a> for more detail.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-550253\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"557018\" commentParentId=\"550253\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" title=\"Newbie chandrachud200\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">chandrachud200</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/09/2019 09:09\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-557018\" href=\"?#comment-557018\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"557018\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1222871\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-557018\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That was very useful and informative thanks a lot</p> <hr /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-557018\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"594737\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" title=\"Pupil dante_part_2\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">dante_part_2</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/30/2020 10:37\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-594737\" href=\"?#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"594737\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1401255\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-594737\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In Problem C, If I choose 4 boys from n boys and 1 girl from m girls. Then there will be n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. Then to fill remaining t-5 vacant in group, i can choose from those n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. The formula will be: nC4 * mC1 * (n+m-5)!/(n+m-t)! This approach is giving me wrong answer on test case 4.. Can someone please explain me what i am doing wrong here??? Thank you.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-594737\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"598679\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/blind123\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/blind123\" title=\"Unrated, blind123\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">blind123</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/07/2020 08:06\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-598679\" href=\"?#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"598679\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"907469\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-598679\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Even i am getting wrong answer on case 4 But my formula is nC4*mC1*(n+m-5)C(t-5)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-598679\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599045\" commentParentId=\"598679\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:10\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599045\" href=\"?#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599045\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599045\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599045\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599047\" commentParentId=\"599045\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:12\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599047\" href=\"?#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599047\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599047\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>you can compute diiferent values of ncr=c(n,r) by using pascal.s triangle as mention in the editorialist solution.. here is the link to my code <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715</a></p><p>hope it helps!!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599047\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"727553\" commentParentId=\"599047\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/amurto\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1501224/avatar/e593c98d58ea8bae.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/amurto\" title=\"Master amurto\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">amurto</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/30/2020 08:03\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-727553\" href=\"?#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"727553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1501224\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-727553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How does the pascal's triangle handle overflow? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-727553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1012285\" commentParentId=\"727553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1500624/avatar/6fa4fcbe938de3fa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" title=\"Pupil anubh4v\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">anubh4v</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/13/2023 02:43\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1012285\" href=\"?#comment-1012285\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1012285\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1500624\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1012285\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>To handle overflow you need know that the product of r consecutive integers is always divisible by r!. If the answer is within the limits of int/long the below method works fine.</p> <pre><code>static long nCr(int n, int r) {\n long ans = 1;\n for(int i=0; i<r; ++i) {\n\tans = ans*(n-i)/(i+1);\n }\n return ans;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1012285\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599048\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:13\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599048\" href=\"?#comment-599048\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599048\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599048\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599048\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720235\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1563545/avatar/deb3cac05d149576.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" title=\"Newbie ken_kaneki_124\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">ken_kaneki_124</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720235\" href=\"?#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"720235\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720235\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1563545\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720235\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>CAN SOMEONE PLEASE EXPLAIN WHAT'S WRONG WITH MY CODE? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720235\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720243\" commentParentId=\"720235\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1579534/avatar/f018b48f68ad1afe.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" title=\"Candidate Master jainnirav88\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">jainnirav88</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:52\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720243\" href=\"?#comment-720243\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720243\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1579534\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720243\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>see this : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720243\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1014832\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2490799/avatar/a26a7adee25c5872.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" title=\"Specialist coder_pulkit_s\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">coder_pulkit_s</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/20/2023 22:20\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1014832\" href=\"?#comment-1014832\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1014832\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2490799\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1014832\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Is there any way to find factorials without the overflow and also without changing the final answer?</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1014832\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3280\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 0.5em;left:4px;display: none;\">\r\n <input type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"en\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In English</span>\r\n <input style=\"margin-left:1em\" type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"ru\"><span style=\"font-size: 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Subway"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Subway</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A subway scheme, classic for all Berland cities is represented by a set of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> stations connected by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> passages, each of which connects exactly two stations and does not pass through any others. Besides, in the classic scheme one can get from any station to any other one along the passages. The passages can be used to move in both directions. Between each pair of stations there is no more than one passage.</p><p>Berland mathematicians have recently proved a theorem that states that any classic scheme has a ringroad. There can be only one ringroad. In other words, in any classic scheme one can find the only scheme consisting of stations (where any two neighbouring ones are linked by a passage) and this cycle doesn't contain any station more than once.</p><p>This invention had a powerful social impact as now the stations could be compared according to their distance from the ringroad. For example, a citizen could say \"I live in three passages from the ringroad\" and another one could reply \"you loser, I live in one passage from the ringroad\". The Internet soon got filled with applications that promised to count the distance from the station to the ringroad (send a text message to a short number...).</p><p>The Berland government decided to put an end to these disturbances and start to control the situation. You are requested to write a program that can determine the remoteness from the ringroad for each station by the city subway scheme.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">3 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 3000</span>), <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is the number of stations (and trains at the same time) in the subway scheme. Then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain descriptions of the trains, one per line. Each line contains a pair of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ <i>n</i></span>) and represents the presence of a passage from station <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to station <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>. The stations are numbered from 1 to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> in an arbitrary order. It is guaranteed that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and that no pair of stations contain more than one passage. The passages can be used to travel both ways. It is guaranteed that the given description represents a classic subway scheme.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> numbers. Separate the numbers by spaces, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th one should be equal to the distance of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th station from the ringroad. For the ringroad stations print number <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0</span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4<br/>1 3<br/>4 3<br/>4 2<br/>1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 0 0 0 </pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6<br/>1 2<br/>3 4<br/>6 4<br/>2 3<br/>1 3<br/>3 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 0 0 1 1 2 </pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"ebc541635498efc0c7aee49f69505f97\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"1cbbc1570bc66af1fb4ad76d519bd034a3502913\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/131\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='ebc541635498efc0c7aee49f69505f97'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/131/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Dfs and similar\">\r\n dfs and similar\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Graphs\">\r\n graphs\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1600\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='ebc541635498efc0c7aee49f69505f97'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"695\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='ebc541635498efc0c7aee49f69505f97'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"695\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3243\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"334:335\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\" title=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"336\" resourceName=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3253\" title=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"920\" resourceName=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3254\" title=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #3 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"921\" resourceName=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n 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class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_cad36547f5b3ac5b238947c3f37b1ca838a9c633\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Subway</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A subway scheme, classic for all Berland cities is represented by a set of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> stations connected by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> passages, each of which connects exactly two stations and does not pass through any others. Besides, in the classic scheme one can get from any station to any other one along the passages. The passages can be used to move in both directions. Between each pair of stations there is no more than one passage.</p><p>Berland mathematicians have recently proved a theorem that states that any classic scheme has a ringroad. There can be only one ringroad. In other words, in any classic scheme one can find the only scheme consisting of stations (where any two neighbouring ones are linked by a passage) and this cycle doesn't contain any station more than once.</p><p>This invention had a powerful social impact as now the stations could be compared according to their distance from the ringroad. For example, a citizen could say "I live in three passages from the ringroad" and another one could reply "you loser, I live in one passage from the ringroad". The Internet soon got filled with applications that promised to count the distance from the station to the ringroad (send a text message to a short number...).</p><p>The Berland government decided to put an end to these disturbances and start to control the situation. You are requested to write a program that can determine the remoteness from the ringroad for each station by the city subway scheme.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">3 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 3000</span>), <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is the number of stations (and trains at the same time) in the subway scheme. Then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain descriptions of the trains, one per line. Each line contains a pair of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ <i>n</i></span>) and represents the presence of a passage from station <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to station <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>. The stations are numbered from 1 to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> in an arbitrary order. It is guaranteed that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>y</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and that no pair of stations contain more than one passage. The passages can be used to travel both ways. It is guaranteed that the given description represents a classic subway scheme.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> numbers. Separate the numbers by spaces, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th one should be equal to the distance of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th station from the ringroad. For the ringroad stations print number <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0</span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4<br />1 3<br />4 3<br />4 2<br />1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 0 0 0 </pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6<br />1 2<br />3 4<br />6 4<br />2 3<br />1 3<br />3 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 0 0 1 1 2 </pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=D]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='6bc26572f5739927ade3a858fea280de'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">reiracofage</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/reiracofage\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/reiracofage\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/reiracofage\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/reiracofage\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/reiracofage\">Contests</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/reiracofage\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">reiracofage's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3270\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\"> Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hi, these are just some ideas of what I did to solve the problems in #95 (div 2). They're just what I did, better solutions may exist and will be very welcome!<br />Also, sorry if I wrote something wrong, English isn't my first language.<br />Also, (a b) is a choose b (a!/(b!(a-b)!)).<br /><b><br />Problem A</b><br /><br />Just do what the statement asks you to. Check if all letters are uppercase, except for the first one, that you don't need to check. If so, change the case of the entire string. If not, do nothing. Please notice that an one-letter string must have its case changed.</p><p>It can be easly done in O(n), where n is the lenght of the string.<br /><br /><b>Problem B</b><br /><br />First, let <i>count(i) </i>be the numbers of occurrences of the number <i>i</i> in the input,<br /> for<i> -10 <= i <= 10</i>. Remember that there may be negative numbers in the input, so one can use an offset to store these values (use an 21-sized array <i>C</i> and store <i>count(i)</i> in <i>C[i+10]</i>). Except for 0, possible matching are pairs <i>(i,-i)</i>, for <i>1 <= i <= 10</i>. It's easy to see that there will be exactly <i>count(i)*count(-i)</i> valid matching for each i, so just sum them all.</p><p>Since 0 "is opposite to itself", but "a client can't form a couple with<br />him/herself", the number of valid pairs <i>(0,0)</i> will be <i>(count(0) 2)</i>. Just sum<br />this value to the previous computed sum and print.<br />Use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br /><b>Problem C</b><br /><br />Since the constraints are small, let's just iterate through all possible numbers <i>b</i> of boys in the group and count how many ways we can form the group with <i>b</i> boys.</p><p><br />First, consider only the values where <i>b >= 4</i>. Given <i>b</i>, it's clear that the number of girls in the group must be <i>g = t - b</i>. If <i>g < 1</i>, don't consider this case. Given the values of <i>b</i> and <i>g</i>, there are <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> ways to form the group, since we can combine the boys independently the girls. Just sum <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> for each pair <i>(b,g)</i>. Again, use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br />One could precompute all the values of <i>(i j)</i> using the Pascal triangle, but one could also compute it with the traditional formula, if its implementation takes care of possible overflow (30! doesn't fit in 64-bit integer type).<br /><br /><b>Problem D</b><br /><br />A graph-related problem. The statement makes you sure that the given graph is connected and contains one (and exactly one) cycle. What you have to do is to compute the distance, in number of edges, from all vertexes to the cycle (print 0 for the vertex that are in the cycle. We will call these vertexes 'in-cycle').<br /><br />First, let's find the cycle and find the vertexes whose answer is 0. The cycle can be found with a regular Depth-First-Search (DFS), storing the fathers of the vertexes. Notice that, during the search, there will be exactly one back edge, say <i>(v<sub>i</sub>, v<sub>j</sub>)</i>. When this edge is found, iterate from <i>v<sub>i</sub></i> to<i> v<sub>j</sub></i> (using the father array) and label the vertexes as 'in-cycle'.<br /><br />After that, let's compute the answers for the other vertexes. One could "compact" the graph by merging all the 'in-cycle' vertexes into a single vertex. Then, just do another search starting by this vertex and compute the distances, knowing that the distance of a vertex <i>v<sub>i</sub> </i>is the distance of <i>father[v<sub>i</sub>]</i> plus one.<br /><br />Also, it's also possible to do as many searchs as the number of 'in-cycle' vertexes if you don't consider others 'in-cycle' vertexes during the search. The running time would still be <i>O(n + m)</i>, that, in this problem, is <i>O(n + n)</i> =<i> O(n)</i>.<b><br /></b><br /><b>Problem E</b><br /><br />Let's first consider that the queens can only attack the other pieces standing in the same line - the case with the columns and both diagonals will be analogous.<br /><br />Let<i> line[i] </i>be an array that will store all the queens that are in the <i>i-th</i> line on the chessboard. Since it's indexed by the line number, it's only necessary to store the column number of the pieces. So, for example, if we have queens at positions <i>(4,6), (4,8)</i> and <i>(6,5)</i>, we will have <i>line[4] = {6,8}</i> and <i>line[6] = {5}</i>.<br /><br />To check if the queen at position <i>(i,j)</i> is attacking someone in its line, you must check if there is some number greater than <i>j</i> and/or less than <i>j</i> in <i>line[i]</i>. To do that, presort <i>line[i]</i> and binary search <i>j</i> in it. Notice that <i>j</i> will always be successful found by the search. Notice also that there will be some number greater than <i>j</i> iff the found element is not the last one of <i>line[i]</i>. The same applies for the other case: check if<i> j</i> is not the first element of <i>line[i]</i>. If <i>j</i> is not the first nor the last element, the queen is attacking 2 pieces in its line. If <i>j</i> is the only element, the queen is attacking no one, and it's attacking 1 piece otherwise.<br /><br />Do the same thing (compute all <i>column[i]</i>, sort them and, for each queen, binary search) to the column, to the "/" diagonal, and to the "\\" diagonal. Remember that a piece at position <i>(i,j)</i> is at the diagonals <i>i+j</i> and <i>i-j</i>. Like in problem B, use an offset to handle the negative numbers in the last case. Store the line number in the <i>column[i]</i> array. There's no different in witch index (line or column) to use in the diagonals arrays (but, of course, use the same chosen index for everyone).<br /><br />It seems that the sorting part of the algorithm will run in <i>O(n*n*logn)</i> time, since we have <i>O(n)</i> lines, columns and diagonals. However, the sum of the sizes of all these arrays will be <i>m</i>, the numbers of queens. So the running time will be actually near<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>O(m*logm)</i>. Binary searching for every queen will take less than <i>O(m*logm)</i>, too.<br /></p><p>UPD: <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"../../../profile/nab\" title=\"Expert nab\">nab</a> said in the comments that an easier solution can be correctly done in O(m) time. Thank you!<br /></p><p><br /><b>Problem F</b><br /><br />The main idea is to, for each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>i<sub>2</sub></i>, count the ways you can form the rectangle using a sweep line-like algorithm. The idea is similar to the somewhat classic idea used for the problem that is, given an array of numbers, count how many contiguous sub arrays exists witch sum is equal or greater to some given <i>k</i>.<br /><br />Let's first of all identify all the points where a star can be found, in its "starting" position and "finish" position. These are the S and F position shown below.<br /><br /> 1<br />S1F<br /> 1<br /><br />For each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and<i> i<sub>2</sub> (i<sub>2</sub> > i<sub>1</sub>) </i>we will keep two indices (or pointers) <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> for the columns, with <i>j<sub>2</sub> > j<sub>1</sub></i>. During the algorithm, we will always analyze the rectangle formed by lines <i>i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub> </i>and columns<i> j<sub>1</sub>,j<sub>2</sub></i>. Let's start with<i> j<sub>1</sub> = 0</i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub> = 2</i> (there won't be any star in the rectangle<i> i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,0,(0 or 1)</i> simply because a star won't fit in it). Let's then count the number of stars found in this rectangle. It will be equal to<i> countfinish(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>2</sub>)</i>, where <i>countfinish(I1,I2,J)</i> is the number of "finish"<br />positions in the column<i> J</i> between the lines <i>I1</i> and <i>I2</i>. If this number is equal or greater than<i> k</i>, this rectangle and all the rectangles <i>(i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,j<sub>1</sub>,j)</i> for<i> j >= j<sub>2</sub> </i>will be valid, so you need to sum <i>m-j<sub>2</sub></i> to the answer. Then, increment <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and recalculate the numbers of stars in the rectangle. It will be equal to the previous number minus <i>countstart(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>1</sub>-1)</i>, (the definition of<i> countstart()</i> is analogous) since it's the number of starts that are "lost" when we move from<i> j<sub>1</sub>-1</i> to <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>. Check again if the new number is greater or equal than <i>k</i> and repeat the process until the number is less than <i>k</i>. Notice that <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> will always be less than<i> j<sub>2</sub></i>, since a star needs 3 columns to exists.<br /><br />Then, increment <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> and, without changing the value of <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>, repeat the process. Notice that this part of the algorithm will take <i>O(m)*T</i> time (where <i>T</i> is the time needed to calculate <i>countstart</i> and <i>countfinish</i>), since both<i> j<sub>2</sub></i> and<i> j<sub>1</sub></i> will "walk" in the columns only one time.<br /><br />A trick can be made to make <i>T = O(1)</i>. For each column<i> j</i>, precompute an array<i> countstart[j]</i>, where <i>countstart[j][i] = countstart[j][i-1] + (1</i> if <i>(i,j)</i> is a "starting" position, <i>0</i> otherwise). To compute <i>countstart(I1,I2,J)</i>, just use the formula<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>countstart[J][I2] - countstart[J][I1-1]</i>, that gives the value in constant time. Do the same with <i>countfinish</i>.<br /><br />Precomputing countstart and countfinish takes, for each column, <i>O(n)</i> time, so all the precomputing can be done in <i>O(n*m)</i> time. Since we use an <i>O(m)*O(1) = O(m)</i> time for <i>O(n<sup>2</sup>)</i> pairs of lines, the total time used for the algorithm is<i> O(n*m) + O(n<sup>2</sup>*m) = O(n<sup>2</sup>*m)</i>. A bit high for <i>n=m=500</i>, but the time limit for this problem was higher than the usual too (5 seconds instead of 2).<br /></p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/131\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-3606-3270\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"3606\",\n blogEntryId: \"3256\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=round+95+div+2\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">round 95 div 2</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+29</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">\n reiracofage\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\">\n 33\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3280\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (25)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65201\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65201\" href=\"?#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"65201\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65201\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65201\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>Problem E can be done in O(n+m) -- i.e. O(m) when m is at least on the order of n.</p><div>For the horizontal case, we determine the leftmost and rightmost queen on each row in O(n+m). The vertical and diagonal cases are similar. Then, we can compute the number of attacked queens for each queen in O(m) by simply checking whether it is the leftmost, rightmost, etc. in it's row/column/diagonals.</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65201\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65204\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:50\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65204\" href=\"?#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65204\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65204\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Why only if m >> n? This solution works for all n and m. O(m)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65204\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65206\" commentParentId=\"65204\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 07:18\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65206\" href=\"?#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65206\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65206\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The solution in the blog is O(m*logm). My solution is O(n+m) = O(max(n,m)), which can trivially be reduced to O(m) if you use an associative array and only compute rows/cols/diagonals with queens on them, but the overhead is unnecessary.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65206\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65209\" commentParentId=\"65206\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 08:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65209\" href=\"?#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65209\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65209\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">My solution is probably the same as yours. By saving the left most, right most, top most etc...<div>But, I was just wondering why did you write m >> n (which you have changed now, see Rev 1 or your first comment).</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65209\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65374\" commentParentId=\"65209\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 15:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65374\" href=\"?#comment-65374\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65374\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65374\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Indeed the first revision of the comment wasn't too clear, so I edited it to be more clear and accurate.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65374\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65237\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 15:49\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65237\" href=\"?#comment-65237\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65237\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65237\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Wow, that's correct! We don't need to know all the line[i]/column[i] array, but only their first and last element. It can be done in linear time.<br />Thank you very much!</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65237\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65280\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/kira\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/21214/avatar/e6748840e03ee758.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/kira\" title=\"Expert kira\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">kira</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65280\" href=\"?#comment-65280\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65280\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"21214\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65280\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I implemented the same solution for D, but it was long. I stumbled upon this thread:<br /><br />http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/3255<br /><br />Have a look. It's clever.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65280\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162905\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/201913/avatar/96bfa40e0dc4bb84.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" title=\"Specialist emacoder\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">emacoder</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:02\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162905\" href=\"?#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162905\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"201913\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162905\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, if you do as many search as the number of "in-cycles" vertices, isn't the time O(n^2), that is n times BFS ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162905\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162906\" commentParentId=\"162905\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:13\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162906\" href=\"?#comment-162906\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"162906\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162906\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162906\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Indeed, this solution consists in doing a BFS n times. However, notice that the sets of vertices and edges visited by each BFS don't intersect — a BFS will not visit a vertex or an edge that was already visited by some other BFS. This happens due to the "tree-likeless" of the graph. For each in-cycle vertex, the subgraph trasversed by its BFS is a tree and cannot reach the other trees, rooted at the other in-cycle vertices. Since each vertex and edge is visited only once during all BFSs, the solution remains O(n).</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162906\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"238418\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/135788/avatar/aba9fc5ac228b38d.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" title=\"Pupil calmhandtitan\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">calmhandtitan</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/27/2015 16:54\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-238418\" href=\"?#comment-238418\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"238418\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"135788\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-238418\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please help tell me why I am <strong>getting WA for problem D</strong> or where my code goes wrong.</p><p>Here's my submission. <a href=\"/contest/131/submission/11783845\" title=\"Submission 11783845 by calmhandtitan\">11783845</a></p><p>I have <strong>used the same algo as</strong> mentioned in the <strong>editorial</strong> above.</p><p>Thanks. :)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-238418\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"381257\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/567429/avatar/a682552f6ee34aaa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" title=\"Pupil Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/25/2017 18:48\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-381257\" href=\"?#comment-381257\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"381257\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"567429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-381257\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thank you so much</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-381257\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"517893\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" title=\"Expert tanmayak99\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">tanmayak99</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/11/2019 11:53\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-517893\" href=\"?#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"517893\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"637429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-517893\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Any ideas why my code for problem E giving TLE on case 29. I don't think i am doing anything different from the editorial given. Any optimisation? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-517893\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"529107\" commentParentId=\"517893\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/375981/avatar/f43e357afa721393.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" title=\"Candidate Master ay2306\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">ay2306</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/22/2019 06:26\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-529107\" href=\"?#comment-529107\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"529107\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"375981\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-529107\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can read my solution here : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/57482746\">Link</a></p><p>Pretty straightforward to understand.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-529107\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"550253\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" title=\"Specialist Hd7\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Hd7</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/14/2019 17:12\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-550253\" href=\"?#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"550253\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"550253\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"559666\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-550253\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, you also can detect all vertices in a cycle based on the degree of vertices. The ideal is mentioned in <a href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/detect-cycle-in-the-graph-using-degrees-of-nodes-of-graph/\">this article</a>. Check <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/62567496\">my submission</a> for more detail.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-550253\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"557018\" commentParentId=\"550253\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" title=\"Newbie chandrachud200\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">chandrachud200</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/09/2019 09:09\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-557018\" href=\"?#comment-557018\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"557018\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1222871\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-557018\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That was very useful and informative thanks a lot</p> <hr /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-557018\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"594737\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" title=\"Pupil dante_part_2\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">dante_part_2</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/30/2020 10:37\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-594737\" href=\"?#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"594737\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1401255\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-594737\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In Problem C, If I choose 4 boys from n boys and 1 girl from m girls. Then there will be n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. Then to fill remaining t-5 vacant in group, i can choose from those n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. The formula will be: nC4 * mC1 * (n+m-5)!/(n+m-t)! This approach is giving me wrong answer on test case 4.. Can someone please explain me what i am doing wrong here??? Thank you.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-594737\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"598679\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/blind123\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/blind123\" title=\"Unrated, blind123\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">blind123</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/07/2020 08:06\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-598679\" href=\"?#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"598679\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"907469\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-598679\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Even i am getting wrong answer on case 4 But my formula is nC4*mC1*(n+m-5)C(t-5)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-598679\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599045\" commentParentId=\"598679\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:10\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599045\" href=\"?#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599045\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599045\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599045\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599047\" commentParentId=\"599045\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:12\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599047\" href=\"?#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599047\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599047\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>you can compute diiferent values of ncr=c(n,r) by using pascal.s triangle as mention in the editorialist solution.. here is the link to my code <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715</a></p><p>hope it helps!!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599047\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"727553\" commentParentId=\"599047\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/amurto\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1501224/avatar/e593c98d58ea8bae.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/amurto\" title=\"Master amurto\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">amurto</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/30/2020 08:03\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-727553\" href=\"?#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"727553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1501224\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-727553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How does the pascal's triangle handle overflow? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-727553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1012285\" commentParentId=\"727553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1500624/avatar/6fa4fcbe938de3fa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" title=\"Pupil anubh4v\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">anubh4v</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/13/2023 02:43\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1012285\" href=\"?#comment-1012285\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1012285\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1500624\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1012285\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>To handle overflow you need know that the product of r consecutive integers is always divisible by r!. If the answer is within the limits of int/long the below method works fine.</p> <pre><code>static long nCr(int n, int r) {\n long ans = 1;\n for(int i=0; i<r; ++i) {\n\tans = ans*(n-i)/(i+1);\n }\n return ans;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1012285\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599048\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:13\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599048\" href=\"?#comment-599048\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599048\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599048\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599048\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720235\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1563545/avatar/deb3cac05d149576.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" title=\"Newbie ken_kaneki_124\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">ken_kaneki_124</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720235\" href=\"?#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"720235\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720235\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1563545\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720235\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>CAN SOMEONE PLEASE EXPLAIN WHAT'S WRONG WITH MY CODE? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720235\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720243\" commentParentId=\"720235\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1579534/avatar/f018b48f68ad1afe.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" title=\"Candidate Master jainnirav88\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">jainnirav88</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:52\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720243\" href=\"?#comment-720243\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720243\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1579534\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720243\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>see this : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720243\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1014832\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2490799/avatar/a26a7adee25c5872.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" title=\"Specialist coder_pulkit_s\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">coder_pulkit_s</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/20/2023 22:20\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1014832\" href=\"?#comment-1014832\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1014832\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2490799\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1014832\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Is there any way to find factorials without the overflow and also without changing the final answer?</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1014832\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3280\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 0.5em;left:4px;display: none;\">\r\n <input type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"en\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In English</span>\r\n <input style=\"margin-left:1em\" type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"ru\"><span style=\"font-size: 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Yet Another Task with Queens"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Yet Another Task with Queens</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A queen is the strongest chess piece. In modern chess the queen can move any number of squares in any horizontal, vertical or diagonal direction (considering that there're no other pieces on its way). The queen combines the options given to the rook and the bishop.</p><p>There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> queens on a square <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> × <i>n</i></span> chessboard. You know each queen's positions, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th queen is positioned in the square <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the board row number (numbered from the top to the bottom from 1 to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>), and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the board's column number (numbered from the left to the right from 1 to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>). No two queens share the same position.</p><p>For each queen one can count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> — the number of other queens that the given queen threatens (attacks). For a fixed attack direction only the first queen in this direction is under attack if there are many queens are on the ray of the attack. Obviously, for any queen <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> is between 0 and 8, inclusive.</p><p>Print the sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">8</sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the number of queens that threaten exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> other queens, i.e. the number of queens that their <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> equals <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input contains a pair of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i>, <i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>), where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is the size of the board and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> is the number of queens on the board. Then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> following lines contain positions of the queens, one per line. Each line contains a pair of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ <i>n</i></span>) — the queen's position. No two queens stand on the same square.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the required sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">8</sub></span>, separating the numbers with spaces.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>8 4<br/>4 3<br/>4 8<br/>6 5<br/>1 6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 </pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>10 3<br/>1 1<br/>1 2<br/>1 3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 </pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"5a3e40bce0fd5277962e9bbeff9c7068\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"1cbbc1570bc66af1fb4ad76d519bd034a3502913\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/131\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5a3e40bce0fd5277962e9bbeff9c7068'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/131/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = $(this).hasClass(\"la-angle-right\");\r\n const params = {\r\n action: \"setCollapsed\",\r\n sidebarFrameSimpleClassName: \"ContestVirtualFrame\",\r\n collapsed\r\n };\r\n $.each($target[0].attributes, function(i, a) {\r\n const name = a.name;\r\n if (name.startsWith(\"data-extra-key-\")) {\r\n const key = a.value;\r\n const keyIndex = parseInt(name.substring(\"data-extra-key-\".length));\r\n const value = $target.attr(\"data-extra-value-\" + keyIndex);\r\n params[key] = value;\r\n }\r\n });\r\n $.post(dataPageUrl, params, function (result) {\r\n if (result[\"success\"] !== \"true\") {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Failed to save collapsed state.\");\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Problem tags\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\"padding: 0.5em;\">\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Sortings, orderings\">\r\n sortings\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1700\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5a3e40bce0fd5277962e9bbeff9c7068'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"696\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5a3e40bce0fd5277962e9bbeff9c7068'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"696\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3243\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"334:335\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\" title=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"336\" resourceName=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3253\" title=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"920\" resourceName=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3254\" title=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #3 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"921\" resourceName=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem 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}\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"E\" data-uuid=\"ps_5880949fa387ad92ff833eba654fbcb206aca3c1\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Yet Another Task with Queens</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A queen is the strongest chess piece. In modern chess the queen can move any number of squares in any horizontal, vertical or diagonal direction (considering that there're no other pieces on its way). The queen combines the options given to the rook and the bishop.</p><p>There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> queens on a square <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> × <i>n</i></span> chessboard. You know each queen's positions, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th queen is positioned in the square <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the board row number (numbered from the top to the bottom from 1 to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>), and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the board's column number (numbered from the left to the right from 1 to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>). No two queens share the same position.</p><p>For each queen one can count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> — the number of other queens that the given queen threatens (attacks). For a fixed attack direction only the first queen in this direction is under attack if there are many queens are on the ray of the attack. Obviously, for any queen <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> is between 0 and 8, inclusive.</p><p>Print the sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">8</sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is the number of queens that threaten exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> other queens, i.e. the number of queens that their <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> equals <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input contains a pair of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i>, <i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>), where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is the size of the board and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> is the number of queens on the board. Then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> following lines contain positions of the queens, one per line. Each line contains a pair of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ <i>n</i></span>) — the queen's position. No two queens stand on the same square.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the required sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, ..., <i>t</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">8</sub></span>, separating the numbers with spaces.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>8 4<br />4 3<br />4 8<br />6 5<br />1 6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 </pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>10 3<br />1 1<br />1 2<br />1 3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 </pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='6bc26572f5739927ade3a858fea280de'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">reiracofage</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/reiracofage\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/reiracofage\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/reiracofage\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/reiracofage\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/reiracofage\">Contests</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/reiracofage\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">reiracofage's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3270\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\"> Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hi, these are just some ideas of what I did to solve the problems in #95 (div 2). They're just what I did, better solutions may exist and will be very welcome!<br />Also, sorry if I wrote something wrong, English isn't my first language.<br />Also, (a b) is a choose b (a!/(b!(a-b)!)).<br /><b><br />Problem A</b><br /><br />Just do what the statement asks you to. Check if all letters are uppercase, except for the first one, that you don't need to check. If so, change the case of the entire string. If not, do nothing. Please notice that an one-letter string must have its case changed.</p><p>It can be easly done in O(n), where n is the lenght of the string.<br /><br /><b>Problem B</b><br /><br />First, let <i>count(i) </i>be the numbers of occurrences of the number <i>i</i> in the input,<br /> for<i> -10 <= i <= 10</i>. Remember that there may be negative numbers in the input, so one can use an offset to store these values (use an 21-sized array <i>C</i> and store <i>count(i)</i> in <i>C[i+10]</i>). Except for 0, possible matching are pairs <i>(i,-i)</i>, for <i>1 <= i <= 10</i>. It's easy to see that there will be exactly <i>count(i)*count(-i)</i> valid matching for each i, so just sum them all.</p><p>Since 0 "is opposite to itself", but "a client can't form a couple with<br />him/herself", the number of valid pairs <i>(0,0)</i> will be <i>(count(0) 2)</i>. Just sum<br />this value to the previous computed sum and print.<br />Use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br /><b>Problem C</b><br /><br />Since the constraints are small, let's just iterate through all possible numbers <i>b</i> of boys in the group and count how many ways we can form the group with <i>b</i> boys.</p><p><br />First, consider only the values where <i>b >= 4</i>. Given <i>b</i>, it's clear that the number of girls in the group must be <i>g = t - b</i>. If <i>g < 1</i>, don't consider this case. Given the values of <i>b</i> and <i>g</i>, there are <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> ways to form the group, since we can combine the boys independently the girls. Just sum <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> for each pair <i>(b,g)</i>. Again, use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br />One could precompute all the values of <i>(i j)</i> using the Pascal triangle, but one could also compute it with the traditional formula, if its implementation takes care of possible overflow (30! doesn't fit in 64-bit integer type).<br /><br /><b>Problem D</b><br /><br />A graph-related problem. The statement makes you sure that the given graph is connected and contains one (and exactly one) cycle. What you have to do is to compute the distance, in number of edges, from all vertexes to the cycle (print 0 for the vertex that are in the cycle. We will call these vertexes 'in-cycle').<br /><br />First, let's find the cycle and find the vertexes whose answer is 0. The cycle can be found with a regular Depth-First-Search (DFS), storing the fathers of the vertexes. Notice that, during the search, there will be exactly one back edge, say <i>(v<sub>i</sub>, v<sub>j</sub>)</i>. When this edge is found, iterate from <i>v<sub>i</sub></i> to<i> v<sub>j</sub></i> (using the father array) and label the vertexes as 'in-cycle'.<br /><br />After that, let's compute the answers for the other vertexes. One could "compact" the graph by merging all the 'in-cycle' vertexes into a single vertex. Then, just do another search starting by this vertex and compute the distances, knowing that the distance of a vertex <i>v<sub>i</sub> </i>is the distance of <i>father[v<sub>i</sub>]</i> plus one.<br /><br />Also, it's also possible to do as many searchs as the number of 'in-cycle' vertexes if you don't consider others 'in-cycle' vertexes during the search. The running time would still be <i>O(n + m)</i>, that, in this problem, is <i>O(n + n)</i> =<i> O(n)</i>.<b><br /></b><br /><b>Problem E</b><br /><br />Let's first consider that the queens can only attack the other pieces standing in the same line - the case with the columns and both diagonals will be analogous.<br /><br />Let<i> line[i] </i>be an array that will store all the queens that are in the <i>i-th</i> line on the chessboard. Since it's indexed by the line number, it's only necessary to store the column number of the pieces. So, for example, if we have queens at positions <i>(4,6), (4,8)</i> and <i>(6,5)</i>, we will have <i>line[4] = {6,8}</i> and <i>line[6] = {5}</i>.<br /><br />To check if the queen at position <i>(i,j)</i> is attacking someone in its line, you must check if there is some number greater than <i>j</i> and/or less than <i>j</i> in <i>line[i]</i>. To do that, presort <i>line[i]</i> and binary search <i>j</i> in it. Notice that <i>j</i> will always be successful found by the search. Notice also that there will be some number greater than <i>j</i> iff the found element is not the last one of <i>line[i]</i>. The same applies for the other case: check if<i> j</i> is not the first element of <i>line[i]</i>. If <i>j</i> is not the first nor the last element, the queen is attacking 2 pieces in its line. If <i>j</i> is the only element, the queen is attacking no one, and it's attacking 1 piece otherwise.<br /><br />Do the same thing (compute all <i>column[i]</i>, sort them and, for each queen, binary search) to the column, to the "/" diagonal, and to the "\\" diagonal. Remember that a piece at position <i>(i,j)</i> is at the diagonals <i>i+j</i> and <i>i-j</i>. Like in problem B, use an offset to handle the negative numbers in the last case. Store the line number in the <i>column[i]</i> array. There's no different in witch index (line or column) to use in the diagonals arrays (but, of course, use the same chosen index for everyone).<br /><br />It seems that the sorting part of the algorithm will run in <i>O(n*n*logn)</i> time, since we have <i>O(n)</i> lines, columns and diagonals. However, the sum of the sizes of all these arrays will be <i>m</i>, the numbers of queens. So the running time will be actually near<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>O(m*logm)</i>. Binary searching for every queen will take less than <i>O(m*logm)</i>, too.<br /></p><p>UPD: <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"../../../profile/nab\" title=\"Expert nab\">nab</a> said in the comments that an easier solution can be correctly done in O(m) time. Thank you!<br /></p><p><br /><b>Problem F</b><br /><br />The main idea is to, for each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>i<sub>2</sub></i>, count the ways you can form the rectangle using a sweep line-like algorithm. The idea is similar to the somewhat classic idea used for the problem that is, given an array of numbers, count how many contiguous sub arrays exists witch sum is equal or greater to some given <i>k</i>.<br /><br />Let's first of all identify all the points where a star can be found, in its "starting" position and "finish" position. These are the S and F position shown below.<br /><br /> 1<br />S1F<br /> 1<br /><br />For each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and<i> i<sub>2</sub> (i<sub>2</sub> > i<sub>1</sub>) </i>we will keep two indices (or pointers) <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> for the columns, with <i>j<sub>2</sub> > j<sub>1</sub></i>. During the algorithm, we will always analyze the rectangle formed by lines <i>i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub> </i>and columns<i> j<sub>1</sub>,j<sub>2</sub></i>. Let's start with<i> j<sub>1</sub> = 0</i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub> = 2</i> (there won't be any star in the rectangle<i> i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,0,(0 or 1)</i> simply because a star won't fit in it). Let's then count the number of stars found in this rectangle. It will be equal to<i> countfinish(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>2</sub>)</i>, where <i>countfinish(I1,I2,J)</i> is the number of "finish"<br />positions in the column<i> J</i> between the lines <i>I1</i> and <i>I2</i>. If this number is equal or greater than<i> k</i>, this rectangle and all the rectangles <i>(i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,j<sub>1</sub>,j)</i> for<i> j >= j<sub>2</sub> </i>will be valid, so you need to sum <i>m-j<sub>2</sub></i> to the answer. Then, increment <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and recalculate the numbers of stars in the rectangle. It will be equal to the previous number minus <i>countstart(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>1</sub>-1)</i>, (the definition of<i> countstart()</i> is analogous) since it's the number of starts that are "lost" when we move from<i> j<sub>1</sub>-1</i> to <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>. Check again if the new number is greater or equal than <i>k</i> and repeat the process until the number is less than <i>k</i>. Notice that <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> will always be less than<i> j<sub>2</sub></i>, since a star needs 3 columns to exists.<br /><br />Then, increment <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> and, without changing the value of <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>, repeat the process. Notice that this part of the algorithm will take <i>O(m)*T</i> time (where <i>T</i> is the time needed to calculate <i>countstart</i> and <i>countfinish</i>), since both<i> j<sub>2</sub></i> and<i> j<sub>1</sub></i> will "walk" in the columns only one time.<br /><br />A trick can be made to make <i>T = O(1)</i>. For each column<i> j</i>, precompute an array<i> countstart[j]</i>, where <i>countstart[j][i] = countstart[j][i-1] + (1</i> if <i>(i,j)</i> is a "starting" position, <i>0</i> otherwise). To compute <i>countstart(I1,I2,J)</i>, just use the formula<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>countstart[J][I2] - countstart[J][I1-1]</i>, that gives the value in constant time. Do the same with <i>countfinish</i>.<br /><br />Precomputing countstart and countfinish takes, for each column, <i>O(n)</i> time, so all the precomputing can be done in <i>O(n*m)</i> time. Since we use an <i>O(m)*O(1) = O(m)</i> time for <i>O(n<sup>2</sup>)</i> pairs of lines, the total time used for the algorithm is<i> O(n*m) + O(n<sup>2</sup>*m) = O(n<sup>2</sup>*m)</i>. A bit high for <i>n=m=500</i>, but the time limit for this problem was higher than the usual too (5 seconds instead of 2).<br /></p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/131\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-3606-3270\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"3606\",\n blogEntryId: \"3256\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=round+95+div+2\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">round 95 div 2</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+29</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">\n reiracofage\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\">\n 33\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3280\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (25)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65201\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65201\" href=\"?#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"65201\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65201\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65201\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>Problem E can be done in O(n+m) -- i.e. O(m) when m is at least on the order of n.</p><div>For the horizontal case, we determine the leftmost and rightmost queen on each row in O(n+m). The vertical and diagonal cases are similar. Then, we can compute the number of attacked queens for each queen in O(m) by simply checking whether it is the leftmost, rightmost, etc. in it's row/column/diagonals.</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65201\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65204\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:50\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65204\" href=\"?#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65204\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65204\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Why only if m >> n? This solution works for all n and m. O(m)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65204\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65206\" commentParentId=\"65204\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 07:18\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65206\" href=\"?#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65206\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65206\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The solution in the blog is O(m*logm). My solution is O(n+m) = O(max(n,m)), which can trivially be reduced to O(m) if you use an associative array and only compute rows/cols/diagonals with queens on them, but the overhead is unnecessary.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65206\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65209\" commentParentId=\"65206\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 08:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65209\" href=\"?#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65209\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65209\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">My solution is probably the same as yours. By saving the left most, right most, top most etc...<div>But, I was just wondering why did you write m >> n (which you have changed now, see Rev 1 or your first comment).</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65209\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65374\" commentParentId=\"65209\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 15:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65374\" href=\"?#comment-65374\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65374\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65374\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Indeed the first revision of the comment wasn't too clear, so I edited it to be more clear and accurate.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65374\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65237\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 15:49\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65237\" href=\"?#comment-65237\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65237\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65237\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Wow, that's correct! We don't need to know all the line[i]/column[i] array, but only their first and last element. It can be done in linear time.<br />Thank you very much!</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65237\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65280\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/kira\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/21214/avatar/e6748840e03ee758.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/kira\" title=\"Expert kira\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">kira</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65280\" href=\"?#comment-65280\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65280\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"21214\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65280\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I implemented the same solution for D, but it was long. I stumbled upon this thread:<br /><br />http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/3255<br /><br />Have a look. It's clever.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65280\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162905\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/201913/avatar/96bfa40e0dc4bb84.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" title=\"Specialist emacoder\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">emacoder</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:02\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162905\" href=\"?#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162905\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"201913\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162905\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, if you do as many search as the number of "in-cycles" vertices, isn't the time O(n^2), that is n times BFS ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162905\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162906\" commentParentId=\"162905\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:13\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162906\" href=\"?#comment-162906\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"162906\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162906\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162906\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Indeed, this solution consists in doing a BFS n times. However, notice that the sets of vertices and edges visited by each BFS don't intersect — a BFS will not visit a vertex or an edge that was already visited by some other BFS. This happens due to the "tree-likeless" of the graph. For each in-cycle vertex, the subgraph trasversed by its BFS is a tree and cannot reach the other trees, rooted at the other in-cycle vertices. Since each vertex and edge is visited only once during all BFSs, the solution remains O(n).</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162906\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"238418\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/135788/avatar/aba9fc5ac228b38d.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" title=\"Pupil calmhandtitan\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">calmhandtitan</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/27/2015 16:54\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-238418\" href=\"?#comment-238418\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"238418\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"135788\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-238418\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please help tell me why I am <strong>getting WA for problem D</strong> or where my code goes wrong.</p><p>Here's my submission. <a href=\"/contest/131/submission/11783845\" title=\"Submission 11783845 by calmhandtitan\">11783845</a></p><p>I have <strong>used the same algo as</strong> mentioned in the <strong>editorial</strong> above.</p><p>Thanks. :)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-238418\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"381257\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/567429/avatar/a682552f6ee34aaa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" title=\"Pupil Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/25/2017 18:48\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-381257\" href=\"?#comment-381257\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"381257\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"567429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-381257\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thank you so much</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-381257\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"517893\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" title=\"Expert tanmayak99\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">tanmayak99</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/11/2019 11:53\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-517893\" href=\"?#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"517893\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"637429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-517893\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Any ideas why my code for problem E giving TLE on case 29. I don't think i am doing anything different from the editorial given. Any optimisation? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-517893\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"529107\" commentParentId=\"517893\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/375981/avatar/f43e357afa721393.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" title=\"Candidate Master ay2306\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">ay2306</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/22/2019 06:26\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-529107\" href=\"?#comment-529107\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"529107\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"375981\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-529107\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can read my solution here : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/57482746\">Link</a></p><p>Pretty straightforward to understand.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-529107\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"550253\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" title=\"Specialist Hd7\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Hd7</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/14/2019 17:12\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-550253\" href=\"?#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"550253\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"550253\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"559666\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-550253\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, you also can detect all vertices in a cycle based on the degree of vertices. The ideal is mentioned in <a href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/detect-cycle-in-the-graph-using-degrees-of-nodes-of-graph/\">this article</a>. Check <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/62567496\">my submission</a> for more detail.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-550253\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"557018\" commentParentId=\"550253\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" title=\"Newbie chandrachud200\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">chandrachud200</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/09/2019 09:09\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-557018\" href=\"?#comment-557018\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"557018\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1222871\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-557018\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That was very useful and informative thanks a lot</p> <hr /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-557018\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"594737\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" title=\"Pupil dante_part_2\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">dante_part_2</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/30/2020 10:37\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-594737\" href=\"?#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"594737\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1401255\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-594737\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In Problem C, If I choose 4 boys from n boys and 1 girl from m girls. Then there will be n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. Then to fill remaining t-5 vacant in group, i can choose from those n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. The formula will be: nC4 * mC1 * (n+m-5)!/(n+m-t)! This approach is giving me wrong answer on test case 4.. Can someone please explain me what i am doing wrong here??? Thank you.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-594737\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"598679\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/blind123\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/blind123\" title=\"Unrated, blind123\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">blind123</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/07/2020 08:06\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-598679\" href=\"?#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"598679\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"907469\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-598679\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Even i am getting wrong answer on case 4 But my formula is nC4*mC1*(n+m-5)C(t-5)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-598679\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599045\" commentParentId=\"598679\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:10\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599045\" href=\"?#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599045\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599045\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599045\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599047\" commentParentId=\"599045\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:12\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599047\" href=\"?#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599047\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599047\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>you can compute diiferent values of ncr=c(n,r) by using pascal.s triangle as mention in the editorialist solution.. here is the link to my code <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715</a></p><p>hope it helps!!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599047\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"727553\" commentParentId=\"599047\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/amurto\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1501224/avatar/e593c98d58ea8bae.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/amurto\" title=\"Master amurto\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">amurto</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/30/2020 08:03\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-727553\" href=\"?#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"727553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1501224\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-727553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How does the pascal's triangle handle overflow? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-727553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1012285\" commentParentId=\"727553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1500624/avatar/6fa4fcbe938de3fa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" title=\"Pupil anubh4v\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">anubh4v</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/13/2023 02:43\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1012285\" href=\"?#comment-1012285\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1012285\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1500624\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1012285\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>To handle overflow you need know that the product of r consecutive integers is always divisible by r!. If the answer is within the limits of int/long the below method works fine.</p> <pre><code>static long nCr(int n, int r) {\n long ans = 1;\n for(int i=0; i<r; ++i) {\n\tans = ans*(n-i)/(i+1);\n }\n return ans;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1012285\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599048\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:13\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599048\" href=\"?#comment-599048\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599048\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599048\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599048\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720235\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1563545/avatar/deb3cac05d149576.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" title=\"Newbie ken_kaneki_124\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">ken_kaneki_124</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720235\" href=\"?#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"720235\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720235\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1563545\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720235\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>CAN SOMEONE PLEASE EXPLAIN WHAT'S WRONG WITH MY CODE? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720235\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720243\" commentParentId=\"720235\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1579534/avatar/f018b48f68ad1afe.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" title=\"Candidate Master jainnirav88\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">jainnirav88</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:52\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720243\" href=\"?#comment-720243\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720243\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1579534\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720243\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>see this : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720243\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1014832\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2490799/avatar/a26a7adee25c5872.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" title=\"Specialist coder_pulkit_s\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">coder_pulkit_s</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/20/2023 22:20\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1014832\" href=\"?#comment-1014832\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1014832\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2490799\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1014832\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Is there any way to find factorials without the overflow and also without changing the final answer?</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1014832\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3280\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 0.5em;left:4px;display: none;\">\r\n <input type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"en\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In English</span>\r\n <input style=\"margin-left:1em\" type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"ru\"><span style=\"font-size: 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Present to Mom"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">F. Present to Mom</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>5 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>How many stars are there in the sky? A young programmer Polycarpus can't get this question out of his head! He took a photo of the starry sky using his digital camera and now he analyzes the resulting monochrome digital picture. The picture is represented by a rectangular matrix consisting of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines each containing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters. A character equals '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">1</span>', if the corresponding photo pixel is white and '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0</span>', if it is black.</p><p>Polycarpus thinks that he has found a star on the photo if he finds a white pixel surrounded by four side-neighboring pixels that are also white: </p><center> <pre class=\"verbatim\"><br/> 1 <br/>111<br/> 1 <br/></pre> <span class=\"tex-font-size-small\">a star on the photo</span> </center><p>Polycarpus whats to cut out a rectangular area from the photo and give his mom as a present. This area should contain no less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> stars. The stars can intersect, have shared white pixels on the photo. The boy will cut out the rectangular area so that its borders will be parallel to the sides of the photo and the cuts will go straight between the pixel borders.</p><p>Now Polycarpus keeps wondering how many ways there are to cut an area out of the photo so that it met the conditions given above. Help Polycarpus find this number.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains three integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i>, <i>m</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 500;1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ <i>nm</i></span>). Then follow <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines, containing the description of the given photo as a sequence of lines. Each line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0</span>' or '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">1</span>'.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the required number of areas on the given photo.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 6 2<br/>111000<br/>111100<br/>011011<br/>000111<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5 4<br/>11111<br/>11111<br/>11111<br/>11111<br/>11111<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>We'll number the rows and columns below starting from 1, the coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>p</i>, <i>q</i>)</span> will denote a cell in row <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span>, column <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>q</i></span>.</p><p>In the first sample Polycarpus should cut out any area containing a rectangle whose opposite corners lie in cells <span class=\"tex-span\">(1, 1)</span> and (<span class=\"tex-span\">3, 4</span>). Only rectangles with opposite corners in <span class=\"tex-span\">(1, 1)</span> and (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i>, <i>y</i></span>), where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> ≥ 3</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i> ≥ 4</span> fit the conditions.</p><p>In the second sample any rectangle whose each side is no less than four, will do. The possible rectangle sizes are <span class=\"tex-span\">4 × 4</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">4 × 5</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">5 × 4</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\">5 × 5</span>. Such figures can be cut in 4 ways, 2 ways, 2 ways and 1 way correspondingly.</p><p>Please do not use the %lld specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in C++. 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Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a319a01275458980342b0c167b19cf3c'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/131/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = $(this).hasClass(\"la-angle-right\");\r\n const params = {\r\n action: \"setCollapsed\",\r\n sidebarFrameSimpleClassName: \"ContestVirtualFrame\",\r\n collapsed\r\n };\r\n $.each($target[0].attributes, function(i, a) {\r\n const name = a.name;\r\n if (name.startsWith(\"data-extra-key-\")) {\r\n const key = a.value;\r\n const keyIndex = parseInt(name.substring(\"data-extra-key-\".length));\r\n const value = $target.attr(\"data-extra-value-\" + keyIndex);\r\n params[key] = value;\r\n }\r\n });\r\n $.post(dataPageUrl, params, function (result) {\r\n if (result[\"success\"] !== \"true\") {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Failed to save collapsed state.\");\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Problem tags\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\"padding: 0.5em;\">\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Binary search\">\r\n binary search\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Two pointers\">\r\n two pointers\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *2000\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a319a01275458980342b0c167b19cf3c'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"697\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a319a01275458980342b0c167b19cf3c'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"697\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3243\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"334:335\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\" title=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"336\" resourceName=\"Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3253\" title=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"920\" resourceName=\"Разбор задач Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div. 2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3254\" title=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #3 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"921\" resourceName=\"Разбор Codeforces Beta Round #95 (Div.2)\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/131/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const nodeToText = function (node, pre) {\r\n let result = [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"SCRIPT\" || node.tagName === \"math\"\r\n || (node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"P\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"F\" data-uuid=\"ps_3d23f30869d374042cbb40eb73b1f6f7181fb774\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">F. Present to Mom</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>5 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>How many stars are there in the sky? A young programmer Polycarpus can't get this question out of his head! He took a photo of the starry sky using his digital camera and now he analyzes the resulting monochrome digital picture. The picture is represented by a rectangular matrix consisting of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines each containing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters. A character equals '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">1</span>', if the corresponding photo pixel is white and '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0</span>', if it is black.</p><p>Polycarpus thinks that he has found a star on the photo if he finds a white pixel surrounded by four side-neighboring pixels that are also white: </p><center> <pre class=\"verbatim\"><br /> 1 <br />111<br /> 1 <br /></pre> <span class=\"tex-font-size-small\">a star on the photo</span> </center><p>Polycarpus whats to cut out a rectangular area from the photo and give his mom as a present. This area should contain no less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> stars. The stars can intersect, have shared white pixels on the photo. The boy will cut out the rectangular area so that its borders will be parallel to the sides of the photo and the cuts will go straight between the pixel borders.</p><p>Now Polycarpus keeps wondering how many ways there are to cut an area out of the photo so that it met the conditions given above. Help Polycarpus find this number.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains three integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i>, <i>m</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 500;1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ <i>nm</i></span>). Then follow <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines, containing the description of the given photo as a sequence of lines. Each line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0</span>' or '<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">1</span>'.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the required number of areas on the given photo.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 6 2<br />111000<br />111100<br />011011<br />000111<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5 4<br />11111<br />11111<br />11111<br />11111<br />11111<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>We'll number the rows and columns below starting from 1, the coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>p</i>, <i>q</i>)</span> will denote a cell in row <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span>, column <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>q</i></span>.</p><p>In the first sample Polycarpus should cut out any area containing a rectangle whose opposite corners lie in cells <span class=\"tex-span\">(1, 1)</span> and (<span class=\"tex-span\">3, 4</span>). Only rectangles with opposite corners in <span class=\"tex-span\">(1, 1)</span> and (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i>, <i>y</i></span>), where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> ≥ 3</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>y</i> ≥ 4</span> fit the conditions.</p><p>In the second sample any rectangle whose each side is no less than four, will do. The possible rectangle sizes are <span class=\"tex-span\">4 × 4</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">4 × 5</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">5 × 4</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\">5 × 5</span>. Such figures can be cut in 4 ways, 2 ways, 2 ways and 1 way correspondingly.</p><p>Please do not use the %lld specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in C++. It is preferred to use cin, cout streams or the %I64d specificator.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=F]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: \"getDiff\", a: previousStatementText, b: statementText}, function (result) {\r\n if (result[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n 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dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='6bc26572f5739927ade3a858fea280de'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">reiracofage</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/reiracofage\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/reiracofage\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/reiracofage\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/reiracofage\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/reiracofage\">Contests</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/reiracofage\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">reiracofage's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3270\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256\"> Some ideas for Round #95 (Div 2)\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hi, these are just some ideas of what I did to solve the problems in #95 (div 2). They're just what I did, better solutions may exist and will be very welcome!<br />Also, sorry if I wrote something wrong, English isn't my first language.<br />Also, (a b) is a choose b (a!/(b!(a-b)!)).<br /><b><br />Problem A</b><br /><br />Just do what the statement asks you to. Check if all letters are uppercase, except for the first one, that you don't need to check. If so, change the case of the entire string. If not, do nothing. Please notice that an one-letter string must have its case changed.</p><p>It can be easly done in O(n), where n is the lenght of the string.<br /><br /><b>Problem B</b><br /><br />First, let <i>count(i) </i>be the numbers of occurrences of the number <i>i</i> in the input,<br /> for<i> -10 <= i <= 10</i>. Remember that there may be negative numbers in the input, so one can use an offset to store these values (use an 21-sized array <i>C</i> and store <i>count(i)</i> in <i>C[i+10]</i>). Except for 0, possible matching are pairs <i>(i,-i)</i>, for <i>1 <= i <= 10</i>. It's easy to see that there will be exactly <i>count(i)*count(-i)</i> valid matching for each i, so just sum them all.</p><p>Since 0 "is opposite to itself", but "a client can't form a couple with<br />him/herself", the number of valid pairs <i>(0,0)</i> will be <i>(count(0) 2)</i>. Just sum<br />this value to the previous computed sum and print.<br />Use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br /><b>Problem C</b><br /><br />Since the constraints are small, let's just iterate through all possible numbers <i>b</i> of boys in the group and count how many ways we can form the group with <i>b</i> boys.</p><p><br />First, consider only the values where <i>b >= 4</i>. Given <i>b</i>, it's clear that the number of girls in the group must be <i>g = t - b</i>. If <i>g < 1</i>, don't consider this case. Given the values of <i>b</i> and <i>g</i>, there are <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> ways to form the group, since we can combine the boys independently the girls. Just sum <i>(n b)*(m g)</i> for each pair <i>(b,g)</i>. Again, use 64 bits-types to do the math.<br /><br />One could precompute all the values of <i>(i j)</i> using the Pascal triangle, but one could also compute it with the traditional formula, if its implementation takes care of possible overflow (30! doesn't fit in 64-bit integer type).<br /><br /><b>Problem D</b><br /><br />A graph-related problem. The statement makes you sure that the given graph is connected and contains one (and exactly one) cycle. What you have to do is to compute the distance, in number of edges, from all vertexes to the cycle (print 0 for the vertex that are in the cycle. We will call these vertexes 'in-cycle').<br /><br />First, let's find the cycle and find the vertexes whose answer is 0. The cycle can be found with a regular Depth-First-Search (DFS), storing the fathers of the vertexes. Notice that, during the search, there will be exactly one back edge, say <i>(v<sub>i</sub>, v<sub>j</sub>)</i>. When this edge is found, iterate from <i>v<sub>i</sub></i> to<i> v<sub>j</sub></i> (using the father array) and label the vertexes as 'in-cycle'.<br /><br />After that, let's compute the answers for the other vertexes. One could "compact" the graph by merging all the 'in-cycle' vertexes into a single vertex. Then, just do another search starting by this vertex and compute the distances, knowing that the distance of a vertex <i>v<sub>i</sub> </i>is the distance of <i>father[v<sub>i</sub>]</i> plus one.<br /><br />Also, it's also possible to do as many searchs as the number of 'in-cycle' vertexes if you don't consider others 'in-cycle' vertexes during the search. The running time would still be <i>O(n + m)</i>, that, in this problem, is <i>O(n + n)</i> =<i> O(n)</i>.<b><br /></b><br /><b>Problem E</b><br /><br />Let's first consider that the queens can only attack the other pieces standing in the same line - the case with the columns and both diagonals will be analogous.<br /><br />Let<i> line[i] </i>be an array that will store all the queens that are in the <i>i-th</i> line on the chessboard. Since it's indexed by the line number, it's only necessary to store the column number of the pieces. So, for example, if we have queens at positions <i>(4,6), (4,8)</i> and <i>(6,5)</i>, we will have <i>line[4] = {6,8}</i> and <i>line[6] = {5}</i>.<br /><br />To check if the queen at position <i>(i,j)</i> is attacking someone in its line, you must check if there is some number greater than <i>j</i> and/or less than <i>j</i> in <i>line[i]</i>. To do that, presort <i>line[i]</i> and binary search <i>j</i> in it. Notice that <i>j</i> will always be successful found by the search. Notice also that there will be some number greater than <i>j</i> iff the found element is not the last one of <i>line[i]</i>. The same applies for the other case: check if<i> j</i> is not the first element of <i>line[i]</i>. If <i>j</i> is not the first nor the last element, the queen is attacking 2 pieces in its line. If <i>j</i> is the only element, the queen is attacking no one, and it's attacking 1 piece otherwise.<br /><br />Do the same thing (compute all <i>column[i]</i>, sort them and, for each queen, binary search) to the column, to the "/" diagonal, and to the "\\" diagonal. Remember that a piece at position <i>(i,j)</i> is at the diagonals <i>i+j</i> and <i>i-j</i>. Like in problem B, use an offset to handle the negative numbers in the last case. Store the line number in the <i>column[i]</i> array. There's no different in witch index (line or column) to use in the diagonals arrays (but, of course, use the same chosen index for everyone).<br /><br />It seems that the sorting part of the algorithm will run in <i>O(n*n*logn)</i> time, since we have <i>O(n)</i> lines, columns and diagonals. However, the sum of the sizes of all these arrays will be <i>m</i>, the numbers of queens. So the running time will be actually near<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>O(m*logm)</i>. Binary searching for every queen will take less than <i>O(m*logm)</i>, too.<br /></p><p>UPD: <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"../../../profile/nab\" title=\"Expert nab\">nab</a> said in the comments that an easier solution can be correctly done in O(m) time. Thank you!<br /></p><p><br /><b>Problem F</b><br /><br />The main idea is to, for each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>i<sub>2</sub></i>, count the ways you can form the rectangle using a sweep line-like algorithm. The idea is similar to the somewhat classic idea used for the problem that is, given an array of numbers, count how many contiguous sub arrays exists witch sum is equal or greater to some given <i>k</i>.<br /><br />Let's first of all identify all the points where a star can be found, in its "starting" position and "finish" position. These are the S and F position shown below.<br /><br /> 1<br />S1F<br /> 1<br /><br />For each pair of lines<i> i<sub>1</sub></i> and<i> i<sub>2</sub> (i<sub>2</sub> > i<sub>1</sub>) </i>we will keep two indices (or pointers) <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> for the columns, with <i>j<sub>2</sub> > j<sub>1</sub></i>. During the algorithm, we will always analyze the rectangle formed by lines <i>i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub> </i>and columns<i> j<sub>1</sub>,j<sub>2</sub></i>. Let's start with<i> j<sub>1</sub> = 0</i> and <i>j<sub>2</sub> = 2</i> (there won't be any star in the rectangle<i> i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,0,(0 or 1)</i> simply because a star won't fit in it). Let's then count the number of stars found in this rectangle. It will be equal to<i> countfinish(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>2</sub>)</i>, where <i>countfinish(I1,I2,J)</i> is the number of "finish"<br />positions in the column<i> J</i> between the lines <i>I1</i> and <i>I2</i>. If this number is equal or greater than<i> k</i>, this rectangle and all the rectangles <i>(i<sub>1</sub>,i<sub>2</sub>,j<sub>1</sub>,j)</i> for<i> j >= j<sub>2</sub> </i>will be valid, so you need to sum <i>m-j<sub>2</sub></i> to the answer. Then, increment <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> and recalculate the numbers of stars in the rectangle. It will be equal to the previous number minus <i>countstart(i<sub>1</sub>+1,i<sub>2</sub>-1,j<sub>1</sub>-1)</i>, (the definition of<i> countstart()</i> is analogous) since it's the number of starts that are "lost" when we move from<i> j<sub>1</sub>-1</i> to <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>. Check again if the new number is greater or equal than <i>k</i> and repeat the process until the number is less than <i>k</i>. Notice that <i>j<sub>1</sub></i> will always be less than<i> j<sub>2</sub></i>, since a star needs 3 columns to exists.<br /><br />Then, increment <i>j<sub>2</sub></i> and, without changing the value of <i>j<sub>1</sub></i>, repeat the process. Notice that this part of the algorithm will take <i>O(m)*T</i> time (where <i>T</i> is the time needed to calculate <i>countstart</i> and <i>countfinish</i>), since both<i> j<sub>2</sub></i> and<i> j<sub>1</sub></i> will "walk" in the columns only one time.<br /><br />A trick can be made to make <i>T = O(1)</i>. For each column<i> j</i>, precompute an array<i> countstart[j]</i>, where <i>countstart[j][i] = countstart[j][i-1] + (1</i> if <i>(i,j)</i> is a "starting" position, <i>0</i> otherwise). To compute <i>countstart(I1,I2,J)</i>, just use the formula<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> </span><i>countstart[J][I2] - countstart[J][I1-1]</i>, that gives the value in constant time. Do the same with <i>countfinish</i>.<br /><br />Precomputing countstart and countfinish takes, for each column, <i>O(n)</i> time, so all the precomputing can be done in <i>O(n*m)</i> time. Since we use an <i>O(m)*O(1) = O(m)</i> time for <i>O(n<sup>2</sup>)</i> pairs of lines, the total time used for the algorithm is<i> O(n*m) + O(n<sup>2</sup>*m) = O(n<sup>2</sup>*m)</i>. A bit high for <i>n=m=500</i>, but the time limit for this problem was higher than the usual too (5 seconds instead of 2).<br /></p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/131\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 95 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-3606-3270\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"3606\",\n blogEntryId: \"3256\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=round+95+div+2\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">round 95 div 2</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+29</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3270\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\">\n reiracofage\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 00:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3256#comments\">\n 33\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3280\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (25)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65201\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:32\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65201\" href=\"?#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"65201\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65201\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"5\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+5</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65201\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>Problem E can be done in O(n+m) -- i.e. O(m) when m is at least on the order of n.</p><div>For the horizontal case, we determine the leftmost and rightmost queen on each row in O(n+m). The vertical and diagonal cases are similar. Then, we can compute the number of attacked queens for each queen in O(m) by simply checking whether it is the leftmost, rightmost, etc. in it's row/column/diagonals.</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65201 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65201\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65204\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 06:50\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65204\" href=\"?#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65204\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65204\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Why only if m >> n? This solution works for all n and m. O(m)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65204 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65204\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65206\" commentParentId=\"65204\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 07:18\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65206\" href=\"?#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65204\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65206\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65206\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The solution in the blog is O(m*logm). My solution is O(n+m) = O(max(n,m)), which can trivially be reduced to O(m) if you use an associative array and only compute rows/cols/diagonals with queens on them, but the overhead is unnecessary.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65206 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65206\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65209\" commentParentId=\"65206\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/pratikmoona\" title=\"Expert pratikmoona\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">pratikmoona</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 08:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65209\" href=\"?#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65206\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65209\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13096\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65209\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">My solution is probably the same as yours. By saving the left most, right most, top most etc...<div>But, I was just wondering why did you write m >> n (which you have changed now, see Rev 1 or your first comment).</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65209 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65209\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65374\" commentParentId=\"65209\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/nab\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/nab\" title=\"Candidate Master nab\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">nab</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 15:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65374\" href=\"?#comment-65374\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65209\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65374\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8108\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65374\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Indeed the first revision of the comment wasn't too clear, so I edited it to be more clear and accurate.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65374 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65374\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65237\" commentParentId=\"65201\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/26/2011 15:49\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65237\" href=\"?#comment-65237\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-65201\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65237\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65237\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Wow, that's correct! We don't need to know all the line[i]/column[i] array, but only their first and last element. It can be done in linear time.<br />Thank you very much!</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65237 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65237\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"65280\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/kira\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/21214/avatar/e6748840e03ee758.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/kira\" title=\"Expert kira\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">kira</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/27/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-65280\" href=\"?#comment-65280\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"65280\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"21214\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-65280\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I implemented the same solution for D, but it was long. I stumbled upon this thread:<br /><br />http://codeforces.com/blog/entry/3255<br /><br />Have a look. It's clever.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-65280 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-65280\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162905\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/201913/avatar/96bfa40e0dc4bb84.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/emacoder\" title=\"Specialist emacoder\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">emacoder</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:02\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162905\" href=\"?#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162905\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"201913\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162905\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, if you do as many search as the number of "in-cycles" vertices, isn't the time O(n^2), that is n times BFS ? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162905 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162905\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"162906\" commentParentId=\"162905\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5615/avatar/877f185d4be1111f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/reiracofage\" title=\"Expert reiracofage\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">reiracofage</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/28/2014 23:13\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-162906\" href=\"?#comment-162906\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-162905\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"162906\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"162906\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5615\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-162906\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Indeed, this solution consists in doing a BFS n times. However, notice that the sets of vertices and edges visited by each BFS don't intersect — a BFS will not visit a vertex or an edge that was already visited by some other BFS. This happens due to the "tree-likeless" of the graph. For each in-cycle vertex, the subgraph trasversed by its BFS is a tree and cannot reach the other trees, rooted at the other in-cycle vertices. Since each vertex and edge is visited only once during all BFSs, the solution remains O(n).</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-162906 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-162906\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"238418\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/135788/avatar/aba9fc5ac228b38d.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/calmhandtitan\" title=\"Pupil calmhandtitan\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">calmhandtitan</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/27/2015 16:54\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-238418\" href=\"?#comment-238418\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"238418\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"135788\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-238418\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Can someone please help tell me why I am <strong>getting WA for problem D</strong> or where my code goes wrong.</p><p>Here's my submission. <a href=\"/contest/131/submission/11783845\" title=\"Submission 11783845 by calmhandtitan\">11783845</a></p><p>I have <strong>used the same algo as</strong> mentioned in the <strong>editorial</strong> above.</p><p>Thanks. :)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-238418 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-238418\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"381257\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/567429/avatar/a682552f6ee34aaa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" title=\"Pupil Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">Ahnaf.Shahriar.Asif</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/25/2017 18:48\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-381257\" href=\"?#comment-381257\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"381257\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"567429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-381257\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Thank you so much</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-381257 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-381257\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"517893\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tanmayak99\" title=\"Expert tanmayak99\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">tanmayak99</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jun/11/2019 11:53\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-517893\" href=\"?#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"517893\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"637429\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-517893\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Any ideas why my code for problem E giving TLE on case 29. I don't think i am doing anything different from the editorial given. Any optimisation? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/55425664</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-517893 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-517893\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"529107\" commentParentId=\"517893\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/375981/avatar/f43e357afa721393.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ay2306\" title=\"Candidate Master ay2306\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">ay2306</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jul/22/2019 06:26\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-529107\" href=\"?#comment-529107\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-517893\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"529107\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"375981\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-529107\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>You can read my solution here : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/57482746\">Link</a></p><p>Pretty straightforward to understand.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-529107 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-529107\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"550253\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Hd7\" title=\"Specialist Hd7\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Hd7</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/14/2019 17:12\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-550253\" href=\"?#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"550253\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"550253\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"559666\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-550253\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In problem D, you also can detect all vertices in a cycle based on the degree of vertices. The ideal is mentioned in <a href=\"https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/detect-cycle-in-the-graph-using-degrees-of-nodes-of-graph/\">this article</a>. Check <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/62567496\">my submission</a> for more detail.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-550253 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-550253\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"557018\" commentParentId=\"550253\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chandrachud200\" title=\"Newbie chandrachud200\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">chandrachud200</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/09/2019 09:09\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-557018\" href=\"?#comment-557018\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-550253\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"557018\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1222871\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-557018\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That was very useful and informative thanks a lot</p> <hr /></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-557018 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-557018\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"594737\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/dante_part_2\" title=\"Pupil dante_part_2\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">dante_part_2</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/30/2020 10:37\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-594737\" href=\"?#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"594737\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1401255\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-594737\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>In Problem C, If I choose 4 boys from n boys and 1 girl from m girls. Then there will be n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. Then to fill remaining t-5 vacant in group, i can choose from those n+m-5 remaining boys and girls. The formula will be: nC4 * mC1 * (n+m-5)!/(n+m-t)! This approach is giving me wrong answer on test case 4.. Can someone please explain me what i am doing wrong here??? Thank you.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-594737 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-594737\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"598679\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/blind123\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/blind123\" title=\"Unrated, blind123\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">blind123</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/07/2020 08:06\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-598679\" href=\"?#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"598679\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"907469\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-598679\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Even i am getting wrong answer on case 4 But my formula is nC4*mC1*(n+m-5)C(t-5)</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-598679 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-598679\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599045\" commentParentId=\"598679\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:10\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599045\" href=\"?#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-598679\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599045\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599045\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599045 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599045\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599047\" commentParentId=\"599045\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:12\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599047\" href=\"?#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599045\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599047\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599047\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>you can compute diiferent values of ncr=c(n,r) by using pascal.s triangle as mention in the editorialist solution.. here is the link to my code <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/75813715</a></p><p>hope it helps!!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599047 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599047\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"727553\" commentParentId=\"599047\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/amurto\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1501224/avatar/e593c98d58ea8bae.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/amurto\" title=\"Master amurto\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">amurto</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/30/2020 08:03\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-727553\" href=\"?#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-599047\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"727553\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1501224\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-727553\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>How does the pascal's triangle handle overflow? </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-727553 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-727553\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1012285\" commentParentId=\"727553\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1500624/avatar/6fa4fcbe938de3fa.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/anubh4v\" title=\"Pupil anubh4v\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">anubh4v</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/13/2023 02:43\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1012285\" href=\"?#comment-1012285\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-727553\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1012285\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1500624\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1012285\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>To handle overflow you need know that the product of r consecutive integers is always divisible by r!. If the answer is within the limits of int/long the below method works fine.</p> <pre><code>static long nCr(int n, int r) {\n long ans = 1;\n for(int i=0; i<r; ++i) {\n\tans = ans*(n-i)/(i+1);\n }\n return ans;\n}\n</code></pre></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1012285 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1012285\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"599048\" commentParentId=\"594737\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/814832/avatar/64e7074b9a4ada6a.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Rohit_varma\" title=\"Expert Rohit_varma\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Rohit_varma</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Apr/08/2020 11:13\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-599048\" href=\"?#comment-599048\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-594737\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"599048\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"814832\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-599048\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Actually,it seems that the above formula you quoted seems to be correct,but it is actually wrong..First I was mistaken as you are but later realized...these type of problems need to solved by taking cases... example : for test case 4 n=7,m=3,t=6; we should consider, 4b,2g and 5b,1g and 6b,0g of these only first 2 are possible and thely lead to ans of (c(7,4)+c(3,2))+(c(7,5)+c(3,1))=168 but your answer is 525,so it is certainly wrong... refer this link <a href=\"https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/\">https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/a-group-consists-of-4-girls-and-7-boys-in-how-many-ways-can-a-4/</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-599048 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-599048\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720235\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1563545/avatar/deb3cac05d149576.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ken_kaneki_124\" title=\"Newbie ken_kaneki_124\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">ken_kaneki_124</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:17\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720235\" href=\"?#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"720235\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720235\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1563545\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720235\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>CAN SOMEONE PLEASE EXPLAIN WHAT'S WRONG WITH MY CODE? <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98211232</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720235 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720235\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"720243\" commentParentId=\"720235\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1579534/avatar/f018b48f68ad1afe.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/jainnirav88\" title=\"Candidate Master jainnirav88\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">jainnirav88</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/12/2020 18:52\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-720243\" href=\"?#comment-720243\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-720235\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"720243\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1579534\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-720243\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>see this : <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233\">https://codeforces.com/contest/131/submission/98215233</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-720243 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-720243\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"1014832\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2490799/avatar/a26a7adee25c5872.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/coder_pulkit_s\" title=\"Specialist coder_pulkit_s\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">coder_pulkit_s</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/20/2023 22:20\">7 months ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-1014832\" href=\"?#comment-1014832\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"1014832\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2490799\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-1014832\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Is there any way to find factorials without the overflow and also without changing the final answer?</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-1014832 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-1014832\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3280\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 0.5em;left:4px;display: none;\">\r\n <input type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"en\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.2rem;position: relative; bottom: 3px;\">In English</span>\r\n <input style=\"margin-left:1em\" type=\"radio\" name=\"locale\" value=\"ru\"><span style=\"font-size: 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Turing Tape"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Turing Tape</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method.</p><p>The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is done in three steps:</p><p>1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0.</p><p>2. The <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256.</p><p>3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character to be printed.</p><p>You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> which contains the message printed using the described method. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the initial array, which was used to produce <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span>, one integer per line.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Hello, World!<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>238<br/>108<br/>112<br/>0<br/>64<br/>194<br/>48<br/>26<br/>244<br/>168<br/>24<br/>16<br/>162<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>\" with ASCII-code <span class=\"tex-span\">72 = 01001000<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub></span>. Its reverse is <span class=\"tex-span\">00010010<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> = 18</span>, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be <span class=\"tex-span\">(0 - 18)</span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\">256 = 238</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> is the remainder of division of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"eabc3b2f713cd191919a218e7b37daf3\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fca615705ff807cec91b06e0034549e877b2e5f7\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/132\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='eabc3b2f713cd191919a218e7b37daf3'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/132/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1300\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='eabc3b2f713cd191919a218e7b37daf3'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"706\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='eabc3b2f713cd191919a218e7b37daf3'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"706\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3292\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"1006:1007\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"1004:1005\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 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\"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_406e7805973dad21c83133c46849b77b0db49506\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Turing Tape</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method.</p><p>The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is done in three steps:</p><p>1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0.</p><p>2. The <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256.</p><p>3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character to be printed.</p><p>You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> which contains the message printed using the described method. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the initial array, which was used to produce <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span>, one integer per line.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Hello, World!<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>238<br />108<br />112<br />0<br />64<br />194<br />48<br />26<br />244<br />168<br />24<br />16<br />162<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>" with ASCII-code <span class=\"tex-span\">72 = 01001000<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub></span>. Its reverse is <span class=\"tex-span\">00010010<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> = 18</span>, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be <span class=\"tex-span\">(0 - 18)</span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\">256 = 238</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> is the remainder of division of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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{prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":658,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"132B"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"132"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"B"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"B. Piet"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Piet</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Piet is one of the most known visual esoteric programming languages. The programs in Piet are constructed from colorful blocks of pixels and interpreted using pretty complicated rules. In this problem we will use a subset of Piet language with simplified rules.</p><p>The program will be a rectangular image consisting of colored and black pixels. The color of each pixel will be given by an integer number between 0 and 9, inclusive, with 0 denoting black. A block of pixels is defined as a rectangle of pixels of the same color (not black). It is guaranteed that all connected groups of colored pixels of the same color will form rectangular blocks. Groups of black pixels can form arbitrary shapes.</p><p>The program is interpreted using movement of instruction pointer (IP) which consists of three parts:</p><ul><li> current block pointer (BP); note that there is no concept of current pixel within the block;</li><li> direction pointer (DP) which can point left, right, up or down;</li><li> block chooser (CP) which can point to the left or to the right from the direction given by DP; in absolute values CP can differ from DP by 90 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise, respectively.</li></ul><p>Initially BP points to the block which contains the top-left corner of the program, DP points to the right, and CP points to the left (see the orange square on the image below).</p><p>One step of program interpretation changes the state of IP in a following way. The interpreter finds the furthest edge of the current color block in the direction of the DP. From all pixels that form this edge, the interpreter selects the furthest one in the direction of <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">CP</span>. After this, BP attempts to move from this pixel into the next one in the direction of DP. If the next pixel belongs to a colored block, this block becomes the current one, and two other parts of IP stay the same. It the next pixel is black or outside of the program, BP stays the same but two other parts of IP change. If CP was pointing to the left, now it points to the right, and DP stays the same. If CP was pointing to the right, now it points to the left, and DP is rotated 90 degrees clockwise.</p><p>This way BP will never point to a black block (it is guaranteed that top-left pixel of the program will not be black).</p><p>You are given a Piet program. You have to figure out which block of the program will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input contains two integer numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 50</span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 5·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup></span>). Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain the rows of the program. All the lines have the same length between 1 and 50 pixels, and consist of characters <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0-9</span>. The first character of the first line will not be equal to 0.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the color of the block which will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps of program interpretation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 10<br/>12<br/>43<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 12<br/>1423<br/>6624<br/>6625<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 9<br/>10345<br/>23456<br/>34567<br/>45678<br/>56789<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>5<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example IP changes in the following way. After step 1 block 2 becomes current one and stays it after two more steps. After step 4 BP moves to block 3, after step 7 — to block 4, and finally after step 10 BP returns to block 1.</p><center> <img class=\"tex-graphics\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/7cd43c5335527083736fe691cae20df973dbc502.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\"/> </center><p>The sequence of states of IP is shown on the image: the arrows are traversed clockwise, the main arrow shows direction of DP, the side one — the direction of CP.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"a65887812a39c63f12cd7af35f7f1456\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fca615705ff807cec91b06e0034549e877b2e5f7\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/132\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a65887812a39c63f12cd7af35f7f1456'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/132/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *2100\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a65887812a39c63f12cd7af35f7f1456'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"707\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='a65887812a39c63f12cd7af35f7f1456'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"707\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3292\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"1006:1007\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"1004:1005\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 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class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Piet</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Piet is one of the most known visual esoteric programming languages. The programs in Piet are constructed from colorful blocks of pixels and interpreted using pretty complicated rules. In this problem we will use a subset of Piet language with simplified rules.</p><p>The program will be a rectangular image consisting of colored and black pixels. The color of each pixel will be given by an integer number between 0 and 9, inclusive, with 0 denoting black. A block of pixels is defined as a rectangle of pixels of the same color (not black). It is guaranteed that all connected groups of colored pixels of the same color will form rectangular blocks. Groups of black pixels can form arbitrary shapes.</p><p>The program is interpreted using movement of instruction pointer (IP) which consists of three parts:</p><ul><li> current block pointer (BP); note that there is no concept of current pixel within the block;</li><li> direction pointer (DP) which can point left, right, up or down;</li><li> block chooser (CP) which can point to the left or to the right from the direction given by DP; in absolute values CP can differ from DP by 90 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise, respectively.</li></ul><p>Initially BP points to the block which contains the top-left corner of the program, DP points to the right, and CP points to the left (see the orange square on the image below).</p><p>One step of program interpretation changes the state of IP in a following way. The interpreter finds the furthest edge of the current color block in the direction of the DP. From all pixels that form this edge, the interpreter selects the furthest one in the direction of <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">CP</span>. After this, BP attempts to move from this pixel into the next one in the direction of DP. If the next pixel belongs to a colored block, this block becomes the current one, and two other parts of IP stay the same. It the next pixel is black or outside of the program, BP stays the same but two other parts of IP change. If CP was pointing to the left, now it points to the right, and DP stays the same. If CP was pointing to the right, now it points to the left, and DP is rotated 90 degrees clockwise.</p><p>This way BP will never point to a black block (it is guaranteed that top-left pixel of the program will not be black).</p><p>You are given a Piet program. You have to figure out which block of the program will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input contains two integer numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 50</span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 5·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup></span>). Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain the rows of the program. All the lines have the same length between 1 and 50 pixels, and consist of characters <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0-9</span>. The first character of the first line will not be equal to 0.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the color of the block which will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps of program interpretation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 10<br />12<br />43<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 12<br />1423<br />6624<br />6625<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 9<br />10345<br />23456<br />34567<br />45678<br />56789<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>5<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example IP changes in the following way. After step 1 block 2 becomes current one and stays it after two more steps. After step 4 BP moves to block 3, after step 7 — to block 4, and finally after step 10 BP returns to block 1.</p><center> <img class=\"tex-graphics\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/7cd43c5335527083736fe691cae20df973dbc502.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /> </center><p>The sequence of states of IP is shown on the image: the arrows are traversed clockwise, the main arrow shows direction of DP, the side one — the direction of CP.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=B]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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{prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":659,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"132C"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"132"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"C"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"C. Logo Turtle"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Logo Turtle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A lot of people associate Logo programming language with turtle graphics. In this case the turtle moves along the straight line and accepts commands \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>\" (\"turn around\") and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>\" (\"move 1 unit forward\").</p><p>You are given a list of commands that will be given to the turtle. You have to change exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> commands from the list (one command can be changed several times). How far from the starting point can the turtle move after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of input contains a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> — the original list of commands. The string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> contains between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive, and contains only characters \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>\" and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>\".</p><p>The second line contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 50</span>) — the number of commands you have to change in the list.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the maximum distance from the starting point to the ending point of the turtle's path. The ending point of the turtle's path is turtle's coordinate after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FT<br/>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FFFTFFF<br/>2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example the best option is to change the second command (\"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>\") to \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>\" — this way the turtle will cover a distance of 2 units.</p><p>In the second example you have to change two commands. One of the ways to cover maximal distance of 6 units is to change the fourth command and first or last one.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"f71b71d7fb8f0cf82001ce674d94be60\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fca615705ff807cec91b06e0034549e877b2e5f7\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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$(\"a[rel='photobox']\").colorbox();\n\n\n function showAnnouncements(json) {\n //info(\"j=\" + JSON.stringify(json));\n\n if (json.t != \"a\") {\n return;\n }\n\n setTimeout(function() {\n Codeforces.showAnnouncements(json.d, \"en\");\n }, Math.random() * 500);\n }\n\n function showEventCatcherUserMessage(json) {\n if (json.t == \"s\") {\n var points = json.d[5];\n var passedTestCount = json.d[7];\n var judgedTestCount = json.d[8];\n var verdict = preparedVerdictFormats[json.d[12]];\n var verdictPrototypeDiv = $(\".verdictPrototypeDiv\");\n verdictPrototypeDiv.html(verdict);\n if (judgedTestCount != null && judgedTestCount != undefined) {\n verdictPrototypeDiv.find(\".verdict-format-judged\").text(judgedTestCount);\n }\n if (passedTestCount != null && passedTestCount != undefined) {\n verdictPrototypeDiv.find(\".verdict-format-passed\").text(passedTestCount);\n }\n if (points != null && points != undefined) {\n verdictPrototypeDiv.find(\".verdict-format-points\").text(points);\n }\n 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Codeforces.setupTutorials(\"/data/problemTutorial\");\n });\n </script>\n\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\n var _gaq = _gaq || [];\n _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-743380-5']);\n _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']);\n\n (function () {\n var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;\n ga.src = (document.location.protocol == 'https:' ? 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/132\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f71b71d7fb8f0cf82001ce674d94be60'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/132/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Dynamic programming\">\r\n dp\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1800\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f71b71d7fb8f0cf82001ce674d94be60'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"708\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f71b71d7fb8f0cf82001ce674d94be60'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"708\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3292\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"1006:1007\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"1004:1005\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/132/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n 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if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"P\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_40309a674ee742f74abb70e2d496633cbdf0e89f\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Logo Turtle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A lot of people associate Logo programming language with turtle graphics. In this case the turtle moves along the straight line and accepts commands "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>" ("turn around") and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>" ("move 1 unit forward").</p><p>You are given a list of commands that will be given to the turtle. You have to change exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> commands from the list (one command can be changed several times). How far from the starting point can the turtle move after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of input contains a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> — the original list of commands. The string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> contains between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive, and contains only characters "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>" and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>".</p><p>The second line contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 50</span>) — the number of commands you have to change in the list.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the maximum distance from the starting point to the ending point of the turtle's path. The ending point of the turtle's path is turtle's coordinate after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FT<br />1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FFFTFFF<br />2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example the best option is to change the second command ("<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>") to "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>" — this way the turtle will cover a distance of 2 units.</p><p>In the second example you have to change two commands. 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. 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none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/yeon_gist\" title=\"Newbie yeon_gist\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">yeon_gist</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121170\">plusMinusPermutation computing error</a>\r\n <img alt=\"Text created or updated\" title=\"Text created or updated\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/x-update-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/altforminuscontribution\" title=\"Newbie altforminuscontribution\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">altforminuscontribution</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121162\">My screen get unexpectedly big, what should I do</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/atcoder_official\" title=\"Unrated, atcoder_official\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">atcoder_official</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121120\">We will hold UNIQUE VISION Programming Contest 2023 Autumn(AtCoder Beginner Contest 323)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" title=\"Candidate Master YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">YouStill_DontKnowMeYet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/117659\">[GYM] Al-Baath Collegiate Programming Contest 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/ankancool\" title=\"Expert ankancool\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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</script>\n<script>(function(){var js = \"window['__CF$cv$params']={r:'8128702a5ca61498',t:'MTY5NjcwNTc2My4xMzEwMDA='};_cpo=document.createElement('script');_cpo.nonce='',_cpo.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js',document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(_cpo);\";var _0xh = document.createElement('iframe');_0xh.height = 1;_0xh.width = 1;_0xh.style.position = 'absolute';_0xh.style.top = 0;_0xh.style.left = 0;_0xh.style.border = 'none';_0xh.style.visibility = 'hidden';document.body.appendChild(_0xh);function handler() {var _0xi = _0xh.contentDocument || _0xh.contentWindow.document;if (_0xi) {var _0xj = _0xi.createElement('script');_0xj.innerHTML = js;_0xi.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(_0xj);}}if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {handler();} else if (window.addEventListener) {document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', handler);} else {var prev = document.onreadystatechange || function () {};document.onreadystatechange = function (e) {prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":660,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"132D"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"132"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"D"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Shakespeare is a widely known esoteric programming language in which programs look like plays by Shakespeare, and numbers are given by combinations of ornate epithets. In this problem we will have a closer look at the way the numbers are described in Shakespeare.</p><p>Each constant in Shakespeare is created from non-negative powers of 2 using arithmetic operations. For simplicity we'll allow only addition and subtraction and will look for a representation of the given number which requires a minimal number of operations.</p><p>You are given an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. You have to represent it as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> + <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> + ... + <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>m</i></sub></span>, where each of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is a non-negative power of 2, possibly multiplied by -1. Find a representation which minimizes the value of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only line of input contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, written as its binary notation. The length of the notation is at most <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup></span>. The first digit of the notation is guaranteed to be 1.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the required minimal <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. After it output <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines. Each line has to be formatted as \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+2^x</span>\" or \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-2^x</span>\", where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is the power coefficient of the corresponding term. The order of the lines doesn't matter.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1111<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br/>+2^4<br/>-2^0<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1010011<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br/>+2^0<br/>+2^1<br/>+2^4<br/>+2^6<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"083d29f7b248b1ae49d91cec497a78cc\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fca615705ff807cec91b06e0034549e877b2e5f7\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_3f3142e3b43f505a3da8cd2e20248d3b6ee15b4c\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Shakespeare is a widely known esoteric programming language in which programs look like plays by Shakespeare, and numbers are given by combinations of ornate epithets. In this problem we will have a closer look at the way the numbers are described in Shakespeare.</p><p>Each constant in Shakespeare is created from non-negative powers of 2 using arithmetic operations. For simplicity we'll allow only addition and subtraction and will look for a representation of the given number which requires a minimal number of operations.</p><p>You are given an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. You have to represent it as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> + <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> + ... + <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>m</i></sub></span>, where each of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is a non-negative power of 2, possibly multiplied by -1. Find a representation which minimizes the value of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only line of input contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, written as its binary notation. The length of the notation is at most <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup></span>. The first digit of the notation is guaranteed to be 1.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the required minimal <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. After it output <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines. Each line has to be formatted as "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+2^x</span>" or "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-2^x</span>", where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> is the power coefficient of the corresponding term. The order of the lines doesn't matter.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1111<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br />+2^4<br />-2^0<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1010011<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br />+2^0<br />+2^1<br />+2^4<br />+2^6<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=D]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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Bits of merry old England"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Bits of merry old England</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Another feature of Shakespeare language is that the variables are named after characters of plays by Shakespeare, and all operations on them (value assignment, output etc.) look like a dialog with other characters. New values of variables are defined in a rather lengthy way, so a programmer should try to minimize their usage.</p><p>You have to print the given sequence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers. To do this, you have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> variables and two types of operations on them:</p><ul> <li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">variable=integer</span> </li><li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">print(variable)</span> </li></ul><p>Any of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> variables can be used as <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">variable</span>. Variables are denoted by lowercase letters between \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\" and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">z</span>\", inclusive. Any integer number can be used as <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">integer</span>.</p><p>Let's say that the penalty for using first type of operations equals to the number of set bits in the number <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">integer</span>. There is no penalty on using second type of operations. Find and output the program which minimizes the penalty for printing the given sequence of numbers.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of input contains integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 250</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 26</span>). The second line contains the sequence to be printed. Each element of the sequence is an integer between <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. The sequence has to be printed in the given order (from left to right).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the number of lines in the optimal program and the optimal penalty. Next, output the program itself, one command per line. If there are several programs with minimal penalty, output any of them (you have only to minimize the penalty).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>7 2<br/>1 2 2 4 2 1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>11 4<br/>b=1<br/>print(b)<br/>a=2<br/>print(a)<br/>print(a)<br/>b=4<br/>print(b)<br/>print(a)<br/>b=1<br/>print(b)<br/>print(a)<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 3<br/>1 2 3 1 2 3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9 4<br/>c=1<br/>print(c)<br/>b=2<br/>print(b)<br/>a=3<br/>print(a)<br/>print(c)<br/>print(b)<br/>print(a)<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"bcef7f577194488e5d3b8db09ba52a67\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fca615705ff807cec91b06e0034549e877b2e5f7\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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}\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"E\" data-uuid=\"ps_bf1293d4b18f0a0821f1632dc9aef146f27a6c34\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Bits of merry old England</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Another feature of Shakespeare language is that the variables are named after characters of plays by Shakespeare, and all operations on them (value assignment, output etc.) look like a dialog with other characters. New values of variables are defined in a rather lengthy way, so a programmer should try to minimize their usage.</p><p>You have to print the given sequence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers. To do this, you have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> variables and two types of operations on them:</p><ul> <li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">variable=integer</span> </li><li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">print(variable)</span> </li></ul><p>Any of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> variables can be used as <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">variable</span>. Variables are denoted by lowercase letters between "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>" and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">z</span>", inclusive. Any integer number can be used as <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">integer</span>.</p><p>Let's say that the penalty for using first type of operations equals to the number of set bits in the number <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">integer</span>. There is no penalty on using second type of operations. Find and output the program which minimizes the penalty for printing the given sequence of numbers.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of input contains integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 250</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 26</span>). The second line contains the sequence to be printed. Each element of the sequence is an integer between <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> and <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. The sequence has to be printed in the given order (from left to right).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the number of lines in the optimal program and the optimal penalty. Next, output the program itself, one command per line. If there are several programs with minimal penalty, output any of them (you have only to minimize the penalty).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>7 2<br />1 2 2 4 2 1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>11 4<br />b=1<br />print(b)<br />a=2<br />print(a)<br />print(a)<br />b=4<br />print(b)<br />print(a)<br />b=1<br />print(b)<br />print(a)<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 3<br />1 2 3 1 2 3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9 4<br />c=1<br />print(c)<br />b=2<br />print(b)<br />a=3<br />print(a)<br />print(c)<br />print(b)<br />print(a)<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=E]\");\r\n let uuid 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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HQ9+"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. HQ9+</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>HQ9+ is a joke programming language which has only four one-character instructions:</p><ul><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>\" prints \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Hello, World!</span>\",</li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Q</span>\" prints the source code of the program itself,</li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">9</span>\" prints the lyrics of \"99 Bottles of Beer\" song, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>\" increments the value stored in the internal accumulator.</li></ul><p>Instructions \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>\" and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Q</span>\" are case-sensitive and must be uppercase. The characters of the program which are not instructions are ignored.</p><p>You are given a program written in HQ9+. You have to figure out whether executing this program will produce any output.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> which will give a program in HQ9+. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will be between 33 (exclamation mark) and 126 (tilde), inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">YES</span>\", if executing the program will produce any output, and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>\" otherwise.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Hi!<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Codeforces<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first case the program contains only one instruction — \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>\", which prints \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Hello, World!</span>\".</p><p>In the second case none of the program characters are language instructions.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"4f89034a28e97e43119861276b72d5d6\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"05c924cf867f8045398337f3d1003c32d7347c52\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/133\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3292\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"339:340\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"922:923\" resourceName=\"Tutorial #1\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3872\" title=\"Deleted\" target=\"_blank\">Deleted <span class=\"resource-locale\">(en)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"944\" resourceName=\"Deleted\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/133/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const nodeToText = function (node, pre) {\r\n let result = [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"SCRIPT\" || node.tagName === \"math\"\r\n || (node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"P\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_43ef1e245ec8ae6a7df85361409e8c51a22da53a\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. HQ9+</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>HQ9+ is a joke programming language which has only four one-character instructions:</p><ul><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>" prints "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Hello, World!</span>",</li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Q</span>" prints the source code of the program itself,</li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">9</span>" prints the lyrics of "99 Bottles of Beer" song, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>" increments the value stored in the internal accumulator.</li></ul><p>Instructions "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>" and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Q</span>" are case-sensitive and must be uppercase. The characters of the program which are not instructions are ignored.</p><p>You are given a program written in HQ9+. You have to figure out whether executing this program will produce any output.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> which will give a program in HQ9+. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will be between 33 (exclamation mark) and 126 (tilde), inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">YES</span>", if executing the program will produce any output, and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>" otherwise.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Hi!<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Codeforces<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first case the program contains only one instruction — "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>", which prints "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Hello, World!</span>".</p><p>In the second case none of the program characters are language instructions.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: \"getDiff\", a: 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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{prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":663,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"133B"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"133"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"B"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"B. Unary"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Unary</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Unary is a minimalistic Brainfuck dialect in which programs are written using only one token. </p><p>Brainfuck programs use 8 commands: \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">[</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">]</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\"><</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">></span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>\" and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">,</span>\" (their meaning is not important for the purposes of this problem). Unary programs are created from Brainfuck programs using the following algorithm. First, replace each command with a corresponding binary code, using the following conversion table: </p><ul> <li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">></span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1000, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\"><</span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1001, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1010, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-</span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1011, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1100, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">,</span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1101, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">[</span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1110, </li><li> \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">]</span>\" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1111. </li></ul><p>Next, concatenate the resulting binary codes into one binary number in the same order as in the program. Finally, write this number using unary numeral system — this is the Unary program equivalent to the original Brainfuck one.</p><p>You are given a Brainfuck program. Your task is to calculate the size of the equivalent Unary program, and print it modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000003</span> <span class=\"tex-span\">(10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> + 3)</span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> which gives a Brainfuck program. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. Each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will be \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">[</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">]</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\"><</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">></span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>\" or \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">,</span>\".</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the size of the equivalent Unary program modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000003</span> <span class=\"tex-span\">(10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> + 3)</span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>,.<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>220<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>++++[>,.<-]<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>61425<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>To write a number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> in unary numeral system, one simply has to write 1 <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> times. For example, 5 written in unary system will be 11111.</p><p>In the first example replacing Brainfuck commands with binary code will give us 1101 1100. After we concatenate the codes, we'll get 11011100 in binary system, or 220 in decimal. That's exactly the number of tokens in the equivalent Unary program.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"8f5f76412bcf2434999f3e454fe93724\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"05c924cf867f8045398337f3d1003c32d7347c52\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"B\" data-uuid=\"ps_a0c8944de29ea0251ee1bcd89a8ec36080bd3bed\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Unary</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Unary is a minimalistic Brainfuck dialect in which programs are written using only one token. </p><p>Brainfuck programs use 8 commands: "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">[</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">]</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\"><</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">></span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>" and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">,</span>" (their meaning is not important for the purposes of this problem). Unary programs are created from Brainfuck programs using the following algorithm. First, replace each command with a corresponding binary code, using the following conversion table: </p><ul> <li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">></span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1000, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\"><</span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1001, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1010, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-</span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1011, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1100, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">,</span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1101, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">[</span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1110, </li><li> "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">]</span>" <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> 1111. </li></ul><p>Next, concatenate the resulting binary codes into one binary number in the same order as in the program. Finally, write this number using unary numeral system — this is the Unary program equivalent to the original Brainfuck one.</p><p>You are given a Brainfuck program. Your task is to calculate the size of the equivalent Unary program, and print it modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000003</span> <span class=\"tex-span\">(10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> + 3)</span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> which gives a Brainfuck program. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. Each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i></span> will be "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">-</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">[</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">]</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\"><</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">></span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">.</span>" or "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">,</span>".</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the size of the equivalent Unary program modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000003</span> <span class=\"tex-span\">(10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> + 3)</span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>,.<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>220<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>++++[>,.<-]<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>61425<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>To write a number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> in unary numeral system, one simply has to write 1 <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> times. For example, 5 written in unary system will be 11111.</p><p>In the first example replacing Brainfuck commands with binary code will give us 1101 1100. After we concatenate the codes, we'll get 11011100 in binary system, or 220 in decimal. 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New 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title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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{prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":664,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"133C"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"133"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"C"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"C. Turing Tape"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Turing Tape</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method.</p><p>The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is done in three steps:</p><p>1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0.</p><p>2. The <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256.</p><p>3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character to be printed.</p><p>You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> which contains the message printed using the described method. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the initial array, which was used to produce <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span>, one integer per line.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Hello, World!<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>238<br/>108<br/>112<br/>0<br/>64<br/>194<br/>48<br/>26<br/>244<br/>168<br/>24<br/>16<br/>162<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>\" with ASCII-code <span class=\"tex-span\">72 = 01001000<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub></span>. Its reverse is <span class=\"tex-span\">00010010<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> = 18</span>, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be <span class=\"tex-span\">(0 - 18)</span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\">256 = 238</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> is the remainder of division of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"dddcfc98c2df5c8fc5e724654847885a\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"05c924cf867f8045398337f3d1003c32d7347c52\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Turing Tape</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>INTERCAL is the oldest of esoteric programming languages. One of its many weird features is the method of character-based output, known as Turing Tape method. It converts an array of unsigned 8-bit integers into a sequence of characters to print, using the following method.</p><p>The integers of the array are processed one by one, starting from the first. Processing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is done in three steps:</p><p>1. The 8-bit binary notation of the ASCII-code of the previous printed character is reversed. When the first element of the array is processed, the result of this step is considered to be 0.</p><p>2. The <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element of the array is subtracted from the result of the previous step modulo 256.</p><p>3. The binary notation of the result of the previous step is reversed again to produce ASCII-code of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character to be printed.</p><p>You are given the text printed using this method. Restore the array used to produce this text.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input will consist of a single line <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> which contains the message printed using the described method. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will contain between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive. ASCII-code of each character of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span> will be between 32 (space) and 126 (tilde), inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the initial array, which was used to produce <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>text</i></span>, one integer per line.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Hello, World!<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>238<br />108<br />112<br />0<br />64<br />194<br />48<br />26<br />244<br />168<br />24<br />16<br />162<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Let's have a closer look at the beginning of the example. The first character is "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">H</span>" with ASCII-code <span class=\"tex-span\">72 = 01001000<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub></span>. Its reverse is <span class=\"tex-span\">00010010<sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> = 18</span>, and this number should become the result of the second step of processing. The result of the first step is considered to be 0, so the first element of the array has to be <span class=\"tex-span\">(0 - 18)</span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\">256 = 238</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> mod <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> is the remainder of division of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=C]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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Piet"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Piet</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Piet is one of the most known visual esoteric programming languages. The programs in Piet are constructed from colorful blocks of pixels and interpreted using pretty complicated rules. In this problem we will use a subset of Piet language with simplified rules.</p><p>The program will be a rectangular image consisting of colored and black pixels. The color of each pixel will be given by an integer number between 0 and 9, inclusive, with 0 denoting black. A block of pixels is defined as a rectangle of pixels of the same color (not black). It is guaranteed that all connected groups of colored pixels of the same color will form rectangular blocks. Groups of black pixels can form arbitrary shapes.</p><p>The program is interpreted using movement of instruction pointer (IP) which consists of three parts:</p><ul><li> current block pointer (BP); note that there is no concept of current pixel within the block;</li><li> direction pointer (DP) which can point left, right, up or down;</li><li> block chooser (CP) which can point to the left or to the right from the direction given by DP; in absolute values CP can differ from DP by 90 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise, respectively.</li></ul><p>Initially BP points to the block which contains the top-left corner of the program, DP points to the right, and CP points to the left (see the orange square on the image below).</p><p>One step of program interpretation changes the state of IP in a following way. The interpreter finds the furthest edge of the current color block in the direction of the DP. From all pixels that form this edge, the interpreter selects the furthest one in the direction of <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">CP</span>. After this, BP attempts to move from this pixel into the next one in the direction of DP. If the next pixel belongs to a colored block, this block becomes the current one, and two other parts of IP stay the same. It the next pixel is black or outside of the program, BP stays the same but two other parts of IP change. If CP was pointing to the left, now it points to the right, and DP stays the same. If CP was pointing to the right, now it points to the left, and DP is rotated 90 degrees clockwise.</p><p>This way BP will never point to a black block (it is guaranteed that top-left pixel of the program will not be black).</p><p>You are given a Piet program. You have to figure out which block of the program will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input contains two integer numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 50</span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 5·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup></span>). Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain the rows of the program. All the lines have the same length between 1 and 50 pixels, and consist of characters <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0-9</span>. The first character of the first line will not be equal to 0.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the color of the block which will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps of program interpretation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 10<br/>12<br/>43<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 12<br/>1423<br/>6624<br/>6625<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 9<br/>10345<br/>23456<br/>34567<br/>45678<br/>56789<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>5<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example IP changes in the following way. After step 1 block 2 becomes current one and stays it after two more steps. After step 4 BP moves to block 3, after step 7 — to block 4, and finally after step 10 BP returns to block 1.</p><center> <img class=\"tex-graphics\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/7cd43c5335527083736fe691cae20df973dbc502.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\"/> </center><p>The sequence of states of IP is shown on the image: the arrows are traversed clockwise, the main arrow shows direction of DP, the side one — the direction of CP.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"f31ca31c77de4f2f18a0e7a41f001e90\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"05c924cf867f8045398337f3d1003c32d7347c52\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_9020901748cdb1774f78f55e39778811bf3cf0f9\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Piet</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Piet is one of the most known visual esoteric programming languages. The programs in Piet are constructed from colorful blocks of pixels and interpreted using pretty complicated rules. In this problem we will use a subset of Piet language with simplified rules.</p><p>The program will be a rectangular image consisting of colored and black pixels. The color of each pixel will be given by an integer number between 0 and 9, inclusive, with 0 denoting black. A block of pixels is defined as a rectangle of pixels of the same color (not black). It is guaranteed that all connected groups of colored pixels of the same color will form rectangular blocks. Groups of black pixels can form arbitrary shapes.</p><p>The program is interpreted using movement of instruction pointer (IP) which consists of three parts:</p><ul><li> current block pointer (BP); note that there is no concept of current pixel within the block;</li><li> direction pointer (DP) which can point left, right, up or down;</li><li> block chooser (CP) which can point to the left or to the right from the direction given by DP; in absolute values CP can differ from DP by 90 degrees counterclockwise or clockwise, respectively.</li></ul><p>Initially BP points to the block which contains the top-left corner of the program, DP points to the right, and CP points to the left (see the orange square on the image below).</p><p>One step of program interpretation changes the state of IP in a following way. The interpreter finds the furthest edge of the current color block in the direction of the DP. From all pixels that form this edge, the interpreter selects the furthest one in the direction of <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">CP</span>. After this, BP attempts to move from this pixel into the next one in the direction of DP. If the next pixel belongs to a colored block, this block becomes the current one, and two other parts of IP stay the same. It the next pixel is black or outside of the program, BP stays the same but two other parts of IP change. If CP was pointing to the left, now it points to the right, and DP stays the same. If CP was pointing to the right, now it points to the left, and DP is rotated 90 degrees clockwise.</p><p>This way BP will never point to a black block (it is guaranteed that top-left pixel of the program will not be black).</p><p>You are given a Piet program. You have to figure out which block of the program will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input contains two integer numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 50</span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 5·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup></span>). Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain the rows of the program. All the lines have the same length between 1 and 50 pixels, and consist of characters <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">0-9</span>. The first character of the first line will not be equal to 0.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the color of the block which will be current after <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> steps of program interpretation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 10<br />12<br />43<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 12<br />1423<br />6624<br />6625<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 9<br />10345<br />23456<br />34567<br />45678<br />56789<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>5<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example IP changes in the following way. After step 1 block 2 becomes current one and stays it after two more steps. After step 4 BP moves to block 3, after step 7 — to block 4, and finally after step 10 BP returns to block 1.</p><center> <img class=\"tex-graphics\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/7cd43c5335527083736fe691cae20df973dbc502.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /> </center><p>The sequence of states of IP is shown on the image: the arrows are traversed clockwise, the main arrow shows direction of DP, the side one — the direction of CP.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=D]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New 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title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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{prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":666,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"133E"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"133"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"E"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"E. Logo Turtle"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Logo Turtle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A lot of people associate Logo programming language with turtle graphics. In this case the turtle moves along the straight line and accepts commands \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>\" (\"turn around\") and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>\" (\"move 1 unit forward\").</p><p>You are given a list of commands that will be given to the turtle. You have to change exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> commands from the list (one command can be changed several times). How far from the starting point can the turtle move after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of input contains a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> — the original list of commands. The string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> contains between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive, and contains only characters \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>\" and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>\".</p><p>The second line contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 50</span>) — the number of commands you have to change in the list.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the maximum distance from the starting point to the ending point of the turtle's path. The ending point of the turtle's path is turtle's coordinate after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FT<br/>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FFFTFFF<br/>2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example the best option is to change the second command (\"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>\") to \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>\" — this way the turtle will cover a distance of 2 units.</p><p>In the second example you have to change two commands. One of the ways to cover maximal distance of 6 units is to change the fourth command and first or last one.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"057c48e81f4332e704d184b658fb6da2\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"05c924cf867f8045398337f3d1003c32d7347c52\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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}\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"E\" data-uuid=\"ps_d70d354e8f9f540c579d7586afcc517637560b7f\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Logo Turtle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>A lot of people associate Logo programming language with turtle graphics. In this case the turtle moves along the straight line and accepts commands "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>" ("turn around") and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>" ("move 1 unit forward").</p><p>You are given a list of commands that will be given to the turtle. You have to change exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> commands from the list (one command can be changed several times). How far from the starting point can the turtle move after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of input contains a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> — the original list of commands. The string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commands</i></span> contains between 1 and 100 characters, inclusive, and contains only characters "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>" and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>".</p><p>The second line contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 50</span>) — the number of commands you have to change in the list.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Output the maximum distance from the starting point to the ending point of the turtle's path. The ending point of the turtle's path is turtle's coordinate after it follows <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the commands of the modified list.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FT<br />1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>FFFTFFF<br />2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example the best option is to change the second command ("<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">T</span>") to "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">F</span>" — this way the turtle will cover a distance of 2 units.</p><p>In the second example you have to change two commands. 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:38</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5b99af6587a82ee1f8e70dc8d7678fec'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">Nickolas</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Nickolas\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Nickolas\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Nickolas\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Nickolas\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Nickolas\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Nickolas\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Nickolas\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Nickolas's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302\"> Codeforces Beta Round #96: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\" title=\"Expert Nickolas\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Nickolas</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/A\">A. HQ9+</a></h3> <p>The problem described <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/hq9-plus/\">HQ9+</a> programming language and asked whether the given program will print anything. Given the extraordinary simplicity of the language, it was enough to check whether the program contains at least one of the characters H, Q and 9.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/B\">B. Unary</a></h3> <p>A lovely language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/brainfuck/\">Brainfuck</a> has dialects for literally every occasion; I guess one could write a whole round about it (not Unknown Language Round, of course, it's too well-known for it), but this time I used it in one problem only.</p> <p>The solution is quite simple: all you have to do is to follow the described procedure of transforming code from Brainfuck to Unary. If your language has built-in long arithmetics, the solution is straightforward: replace characters of each type with corresponding binary codes, convert the resulting string into a long integer and take it modulo 1000003.</p> <p>Having no long arithmetics is not a big deal either. The program can be created step by step, adding one character at a time from left to right. On each step the length of the program is multiplied by 16 (the binary code added has length of 4 bits), then the code of the current character is added and the result is taken modulo 1000003, so that the result never gets really large.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/C\">C. Turing Tape</a></h3> <p>This was another implementation problem, inspired by another great language <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/intercal/\">INTERCAL</a>. Technically it was a bit more complicated than the previous one, due to the usage of byte reversal and having to implement not the described procedure but its inverse. For i-th character of input data reverse it and store in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>; then i-th number of the output can be calculated as <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] - <i>rev</i>[<i>i</i>] + 256)%256</span> (for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> = 0</span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>rev</i>[<i>i</i> - 1] = 0</span>).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/D\">D. Piet</a></h3> <p>As you've already noticed, <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/piet/\">Piet</a> differs from most other esoteric programming languages in the way it interprets the image — the problem offered a very simplified version of it, and still it was quite cruel.</p> <p>The first step of the solution is finding colored blocks. Given that they are rectangular, this can be done without BFS; once you've found a colored pixel which is not part of any block you've seen before, you just find the maximal contiguous sequence of pixels of the same color in the same line that starts with this pixel, and assume that it's horizontal dimension of its block.</p> <pre>............\n..X----->...\n..|XXXXXX...\n..vXXXXXX...\n............\n</pre> <p>I found it convenient to index the blocks and store their colors and dimensions at this point, so that this doesn't need to be re-done later. After this I calculated "state transition function" — a function which for each state of instruction pointer defined the next state. The IP has at most 50x50x4x2 states, and they can be indexed with 8*(index of current block) + 2*(direction pointer) + (block chooser). Thus, the transition function can be described with a one-dimensional array (index is current state of IP, and value is the next one), and the simulation of interpretation steps becomes just updating the current state of IP, which is easier than repeating the full procedure described in the statement on each step.</p> <p>It was also possible to note that at some point there will be a loop in the states of the IP, since the maximal possible number of distinct states is less than the number of steps to be done. But exploiting this wasn't necessary.</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/133/problem/E\">E. Logo Turtle</a></h3> <p>This was the only problem of the round which featured a non-esoteric language. The solution is dynamic programming, and it could be used in several ways. My solution was to store two three-dimensional arrays: the leftmost and the rightmost position of a turtle after it used I commands from the list, made J changes in these commands and is now facing direction K. The initial condition is that left=right=0 when I = J = 0 and the turtle faces right (the initial direction can be chosen arbitrarily). The rule of moving between states is: if currently executed command is T (either it is the current command of the list and no change is done, or it is a result of a change), the coordinate stays the same and the direction changes; otherwise the direction stays the same and the coordinate changes accordingly to the direction.</p> <p>It's convenient to do at most one change for each command; in this case after all the arrays are calculated, one has to take the maximal absolute value among all distances which use all commands from the list, all facing directions of the turtle and all quantities of changes which have the same parity as the required quantity (any command can be changed an even number of times without affecting the result).</p> <h3><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/132/problem/D\">Div1 D. Constants in the language of Shakespeare</a></h3> <p>Two last problems of the round were inspired by <a href=\"http://progopedia.com/language/shakespeare/\">Shakespeare</a> programming language. The original idea was to make them one problem — "How to print the given sequence using as few adjectives as possible?". But later we came to our senses and split this monster of a problem in two.</p> <p>The evident greedy solution (break the binary notation into contiguous groups of 1s, if the size of the group is 1, write it as a single power, otherwise write it as a difference of two powers) is wrong. You can see this from test 4 "10110111": the greedy solution will return 5 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">7</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">0</sup></span>), while it's possible to find a notation of size 4 (<span class=\"tex-span\"> + 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">8</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\">1</sup></span>).</p> <p>The correct solution is based on the following idea. Let us have a fragment of binary notation which contains bits for powers of 3 between N and M (N < M), inclusive, which has K 0s and L 1s. It can be written as a sum of powers which correspond to positions of 1s, using L powers. Alternatively, it can be written as <span class=\"tex-span\">2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>M</i> + 1</sup> - 2<sup class=\"upper-index\"><i>N</i></sup> - ...</span>, where ... are powers which correspond to positions of 0s, using 2 + K powers. It's evident that using second method makes sense only if the fragment starts and ends with 1s (otherwise it can be used for shorter fragment without the leading/trailing 0s, and save at least one power on this) and contains no 00 sequence inside (otherwise you can break the fragment into two in place of these 00 and write these fragments separately with the same or better result).</p> <p>After you've noted this, you can solve the problem using DP: for each position in binary notation store the sign "write it as sum of powers or as difference of powers", and in second case store the length of the fragment which is written using difference (storing the length of the fragment which is written using sums only is unnecessary, since this can be done for individual bits with the same result as for longer fragments.</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/132\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/133\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 96 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-5202-3316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"5202\",\n blogEntryId: \"3302\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #96</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2396\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #96</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+58</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Nickolas\">\n Nickolas\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/03/2011 21:13\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3302#comments\">\n 24\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3326\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (16)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66123\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 00:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66123\" href=\"?#comment-66123\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66123\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66123\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66123\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>I have problem understanding what problem C asks us to do.Plz help me by telling where I misunderstood the question...<br /></p><hr />prev,res=0;<br />for(i=0;i<s.length();i++)<br /> {<br /> rev="";<br /> res=(prev-(int)s.charAt(i))%256; //<i>ith element is subtracted from prev%256(step2) </i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res);//<i>converting to binary </i><br /> while(a.length()<8) //<i>making its size 8</i><br /> a='0'+a;<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--) //<i>rev the binary number(step 3)</i><br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> res=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> out.println(res); //<i>printing the answer</i><br /> a=Integer.toBinaryString(res); //<i>preparing the prev for the 1st step</i><br /> while(a.length()<8)<br /> a='0'+a;<br /> rev="";<br /> for(j=7;j>=0;j--)<br /> rev=rev+a.charAt(j);<br /> prev=Integer.parseInt(rev,2);<br /> }</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66123 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66123\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66141\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34304/avatar/84485ff79f10a165.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/tudiii10\" title=\"Pupil tudiii10\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">tudiii10</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 03:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66141\" href=\"?#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66141\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34304\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66141\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Problem E stand up some difficulties for me in finding a solution. Can someone please reply me what's the main idea of the problem ? Thanks in advance.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66141 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66141\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66153\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:02\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66153\" href=\"?#comment-66153\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66153\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66153\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66153\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p><strike>I considered states (row, column, direction, left/right) and then found for each position which position would be the next one, so then after some preprocessing I could advance in 2^k steps (k <= 25).</strike></p><p>Sorry wrong problem.</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66153 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66153\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66154\" commentParentId=\"66141\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/marcadian\" title=\"Specialist marcadian\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">marcadian</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 08:27\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66154\" href=\"?#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66141\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66154\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23486\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66154\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">it's a dynamic programming.The idea is foreach character, try to change it (if possible) or not.My state is (position, changeLeft, direction, value)<div><br /></div><div> I missed "abs" of the value during the contest. Lost about 1200 point :(<br /></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66154 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66154\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66179\" commentParentId=\"66154\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/922/avatar/d2086274931116d5.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/MarioYC\" title=\"Expert MarioYC\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">MarioYC</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:59\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66179\" href=\"?#comment-66179\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66154\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66179\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"922\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66179\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Actually it is only necessary to care about the minimum and maximum position for each (<span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(234,244,255);\">changeLeft, direction, value) </span>. I learn it from this problem: <a href=\"http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525\">http://acm.timus.ru/problem.aspx?space=1&num=1525</a><div><br /></div><div>You can see an implementation of this in my submission during the contest :)</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66179 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66179\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66145\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:39\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66145\" href=\"?#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66145\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66145\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anyone explain the following case for Problem <b>Piet</b>.<div>Input:</div><div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 7\n901\n922\n934</pre></div><div>Output:</div><div>3</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66145 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66145\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66146\" commentParentId=\"66145\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/johnLate\" title=\"Expert johnLate\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">johnLate</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 05:51\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66146\" href=\"?#comment-66146\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66145\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66146\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"26998\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66146\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>[0: BP=9 (color), DP=Right0]<br />1: BP=9, DP=Right1<br />2: BP=3, DP=Right1<br />3: BP=4, DP=Right1<br />4: BP=4, DP=Down0<br />5: BP=4, DP=Down1<br />6: BP=4, DP=Left0<br />7: BP=3, DP=Left0<br /><br /></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66146 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66146\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66174\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 10:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66174\" href=\"?#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66174\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"-6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">-6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66174\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">can anyone explain the following test case of Piet for me?<div><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">3 9\n888\n456\n226</pre><pre class=\"input\" style=\"margin-top: 0.0px;margin-bottom: 0.0px;padding-top: 0.0px;padding-right: 0.0px;padding-bottom: 0.0px;padding-left: 0.0px;font-size: 11.0px;border-top-width: 1.0px;border-right-width: 1.0px;border-bottom-width: 1.0px;border-left-width: 1.0px;border-right-style: solid;border-bottom-style: solid;border-left-style: solid;border-top-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-right-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-bottom-color: rgb(170,170,170);border-left-color: rgb(170,170,170);background-color: rgb(255,255,255);text-align: left;\">Ans: 4</pre></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66174 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66174\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66234\" commentParentId=\"66174\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8738/avatar/36a1ca0fbed24309.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/ondrah\" title=\"Master ondrah\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">ondrah</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66234\" href=\"?#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66174\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66234\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66234\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Log from my accepted solution on this input:<div><div>After step 1: color=8, DP=right, CP=right</div><div>After step 2: color=8, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 3: color=6, DP=down, CP=left</div><div>After step 4: color=6, DP=down, CP=right</div><div>After step 5: color=6, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 6: color=2, DP=left, CP=left</div><div>After step 7: color=2, DP=left, CP=right</div><div>After step 8: color=2, DP=up, CP=left</div><div>After step 9: color=4, DP=up, CP=left</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66234 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66234\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66282\" commentParentId=\"66234\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Turjo\" title=\"Specialist Turjo\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Turjo</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 18:44\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66282\" href=\"?#comment-66282\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66234\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66282\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13050\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66282\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">thanks,<br />that was very clear<br />i really appreciate that<br />thanks again....:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66282 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66282\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66178\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/khushman1\" title=\"Specialist khushman1\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">khushman1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/04/2011 12:56\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66178\" href=\"?#comment-66178\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66178\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66178\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30738\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66178\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\">Sorry, my mistake.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66178 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66178\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66364\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/05/2011 08:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66364\" href=\"?#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66364\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"9\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+9</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66364\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Where is the editorial of Div1 prob.D and E?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66364 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66364\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66484\" commentParentId=\"66364\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66484\" href=\"?#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66364\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66484\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66484\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66484\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>when it more than 2 '1',('111','11'...) it is better to use '-2^'.</p><p><span style=\"white-space: pre;\"> </span>use the greedy to solve the problem D..</p><p><br /></p><div><br /></div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66484 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66484\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66488\" commentParentId=\"66484\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13770/avatar/993b86592628525f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Sayakiss\" title=\"Expert Sayakiss\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Sayakiss</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 18:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66488\" href=\"?#comment-66488\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66484\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66488\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13770\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66488\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I konw how to solve it..but how to prove?</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66488 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66488\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66483\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/chanming\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/31425/avatar/125e39eaa5feda94.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/chanming\" title=\"Candidate Master chanming\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">chanming</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/06/2011 16:05\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66483\" href=\"?#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66483\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66483\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"31425\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66483\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>how to solve the problem E。div1</p></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66483 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66483\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"66647\" commentParentId=\"66483\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30580/avatar/58eb63d05c218bde.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin8\" title=\"Master paladin8\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">paladin8</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/08/2011 09:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-66647\" href=\"?#comment-66647\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-66483\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"66647\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"66647\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"22\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30580\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+22</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-66647\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"from-renderer\"><p>We can reduce it to a minimum-cost flow (or matching) problem. Consider the following formulation:</p><div><ul><li>for each number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in the sequence (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> total) create two nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>; and</li><li>for each variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> you have (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> total), create a node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</li></ul><div>We will create a weighted bipartite graph with nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> on one side, and nodes <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> on the other. We connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i> > <i>i</i></span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the next number to use the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>." Thus it has cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and cost zero if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> = <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span> is the number of bits set in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Also, connect <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> with cost <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>f</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>)</span>. This represents the case "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is the first number to be stored in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>."</div></div><div><br /></div><div>The result is obtained by a minimum-cost matching in this graph. To recover the sequence, for each <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> we see what node <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> it is matched with. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with a <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>u</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in the same variable as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (recall that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> < <i>j</i></span> in this case), doing nothing if they are equal. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> is matched with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, we put <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> in variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Hope this helps!</div></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-66647 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-66647\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3326\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; 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{prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":667,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"134A"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"134"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"A"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"A. Average Numbers"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Average Numbers</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>You are given a sequence of positive integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span>. Find all such indices <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element equals the arithmetic mean of all <span class=\"tex-font-style-it\">other</span> elements (that is all elements except for this one).</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains the integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">2 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 2·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>). The second line contains elements of the sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 1000</span>). All the elements are positive integers.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print on the first line the number of the sought indices. Print on the second line the sought indices in the increasing order. All indices are integers from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>.</p><p>If the sought elements do not exist, then the first output line should contain number <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span>. In this case you may either not print the second line or print an empty line.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>1 2 3 4 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/>3 </pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4<br/>50 50 50 50<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br/>1 2 3 4 </pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"ff80a9aaa760e2199a3fd1170766fe91\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"276ae26bb7527bb9ad15c6368ddd8c7ada7d673e\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Average Numbers</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>You are given a sequence of positive integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span>. Find all such indices <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th element equals the arithmetic mean of all <span class=\"tex-font-style-it\">other</span> elements (that is all elements except for this one).</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains the integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">2 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 2·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>). The second line contains elements of the sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 1000</span>). All the elements are positive integers.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print on the first line the number of the sought indices. Print on the second line the sought indices in the increasing order. All indices are integers from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>.</p><p>If the sought elements do not exist, then the first output line should contain number <span class=\"tex-span\">0</span>. In this case you may either not print the second line or print an empty line.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />1 2 3 4 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br />3 </pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4<br />50 50 50 50<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br />1 2 3 4 </pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n 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\"*1200\"]"},"tutorial_link":{"kind":"string","value":""},"tutorial_page":{"kind":"string","value":""}}},{"rowIdx":668,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"134B"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"134"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"B"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"B. Pairs of Numbers"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Pairs of Numbers</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Let's assume that we have a pair of numbers (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>, <i>b</i></span>). We can get a new pair (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> + <i>b</i>, <i>b</i></span>) or (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>, <i>a</i> + <i>b</i></span>) from the given pair in a single step.</p><p>Let the initial pair of numbers be (1,1). Your task is to find number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>, that is, the least number of steps needed to transform (1,1) into the pair where at least one number equals <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input contains the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>The pair (1,1) can be transformed into a pair containing 5 in three moves: (1,1) <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> (1,2) <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> (3,2) <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> (5,2).</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"d34b18f10f3e0d1a7d7d6bb8517aea6a\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"276ae26bb7527bb9ad15c6368ddd8c7ada7d673e\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='d34b18f10f3e0d1a7d7d6bb8517aea6a'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/134/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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problemindex=\"B\" data-uuid=\"ps_7fadb608f3481efe1bbf84c1f24c3b2155acad6c\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Pairs of Numbers</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Let's assume that we have a pair of numbers (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>, <i>b</i></span>). We can get a new pair (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> + <i>b</i>, <i>b</i></span>) or (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>, <i>a</i> + <i>b</i></span>) from the given pair in a single step.</p><p>Let the initial pair of numbers be (1,1). Your task is to find number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>, that is, the least number of steps needed to transform (1,1) into the pair where at least one number equals <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The input contains the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>The pair (1,1) can be transformed into a pair containing 5 in three moves: (1,1) <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> (1,2) <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> (3,2) <span class=\"tex-span\"> → </span> (5,2).</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=B]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n 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Swaps"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Swaps</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> players sitting at a round table. All of them have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> cards of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> colors in total. Besides, initially the first person had cards of only the first color, the second one had cards of only the second color and so on. They can swap the cards by the following rules: </p><ul> <li> as the players swap, a player can give a card of his color only; </li><li> a player can't accept a card of a color he already has (particularly, he can't take cards of his color, no matter whether he has given out all of them or not); </li><li> during one swap a pair of people swaps cards (each person gives one card and takes one card). </li></ul><p>The aim of all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> people is as follows: each of them should give out all the cards he had initially (that is, all cards of his color). Your task is to denote whether such sequence of swaps is possible. If the answer is positive, you should list all the swaps.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 200000</span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>s</i> ≤ 200000</span>). The second line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> numbers, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th number stands for how many cards the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th player has by the moment the game starts. It is possible that a player has no cards initially.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>On the first line print \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">No</span>\" if such sequence of swaps is impossible. Otherwise, print \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Yes</span>\". If the answer is positive, next print number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> — the number of the swaps. Then on <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> lines describe the swaps by pairs of indices of the swapping players. Print the swaps and the numbers of the swaps in any order.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 8<br/>2 2 2 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Yes<br/>4<br/>4 3<br/>4 2<br/>1 3<br/>1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 12<br/>1 1 2 2 3 3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Yes<br/>6<br/>6 5<br/>6 4<br/>6 3<br/>5 4<br/>5 3<br/>2 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br/>0 0 0 0 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>No<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"8d7de08507bf78cfecd90d7f0b1e9ca7\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"276ae26bb7527bb9ad15c6368ddd8c7ada7d673e\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/134\">Codeforces Testing Round 3</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/134/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Constructive algorithms\">\r\n constructive algorithms\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Graphs\">\r\n graphs\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Greedy algorithms\">\r\n greedy\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *2200\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8d7de08507bf78cfecd90d7f0b1e9ca7'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"700\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8d7de08507bf78cfecd90d7f0b1e9ca7'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"700\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box 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right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Swaps</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> players sitting at a round table. All of them have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> cards of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> colors in total. Besides, initially the first person had cards of only the first color, the second one had cards of only the second color and so on. They can swap the cards by the following rules: </p><ul> <li> as the players swap, a player can give a card of his color only; </li><li> a player can't accept a card of a color he already has (particularly, he can't take cards of his color, no matter whether he has given out all of them or not); </li><li> during one swap a pair of people swaps cards (each person gives one card and takes one card). </li></ul><p>The aim of all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> people is as follows: each of them should give out all the cards he had initially (that is, all cards of his color). Your task is to denote whether such sequence of swaps is possible. If the answer is positive, you should list all the swaps.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 200000</span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>s</i> ≤ 200000</span>). The second line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> numbers, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th number stands for how many cards the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th player has by the moment the game starts. It is possible that a player has no cards initially.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>On the first line print "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">No</span>" if such sequence of swaps is impossible. Otherwise, print "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Yes</span>". If the answer is positive, next print number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> — the number of the swaps. Then on <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> lines describe the swaps by pairs of indices of the swapping players. Print the swaps and the numbers of the swaps in any order.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4 8<br />2 2 2 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Yes<br />4<br />4 3<br />4 2<br />1 3<br />1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>6 12<br />1 1 2 2 3 3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>Yes<br />6<br />6 5<br />6 4<br />6 3<br />5 4<br />5 3<br />2 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br />0 0 0 0 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>No<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=C]\");\r\n let uuid = 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\"*2200\"]"},"tutorial_link":{"kind":"string","value":""},"tutorial_page":{"kind":"string","value":""}}},{"rowIdx":670,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"135A"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"135"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"A"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"A. Replacement"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Replacement</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes arrays consisting of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers, where each of them is in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. Recently he has received one such array as a gift from his mother. Petya didn't like it at once. He decided to choose exactly one element from the array and replace it with another integer that also lies in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. It is <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">not allowed</span> to replace a number with itself or to change no number at all. </p><p>After the replacement Petya sorted the array by the numbers' non-decreasing. Now he wants to know for each position: what minimum number could occupy it after the replacement and the sorting.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>), which represents how many numbers the array has. The next line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the array's description. All elements of the array lie in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the minimum possible values of each array element after one replacement and the sorting are performed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>1 2 3 4 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 1 2 3 4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>2 3 4 5 6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2 3 4 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br/>2 2 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2 2<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"33843534f62c6afec7c82f5ba2070b2a\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"69f8f5a45aac49658986222f1044d0c075898041\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/135\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Greedy algorithms\">\r\n greedy\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Sortings, orderings\">\r\n sortings\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n 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both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"972:973\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n 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node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_c4a96f7756e5c807d63ff23ca01e22761252b797\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Replacement</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes arrays consisting of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers, where each of them is in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. Recently he has received one such array as a gift from his mother. Petya didn't like it at once. He decided to choose exactly one element from the array and replace it with another integer that also lies in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. It is <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">not allowed</span> to replace a number with itself or to change no number at all. </p><p>After the replacement Petya sorted the array by the numbers' non-decreasing. Now he wants to know for each position: what minimum number could occupy it after the replacement and the sorting.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>), which represents how many numbers the array has. The next line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the array's description. All elements of the array lie in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the minimum possible values of each array element after one replacement and the sorting are performed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />1 2 3 4 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 1 2 3 4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />2 3 4 5 6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2 3 4 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br />2 2 2<br /></pre></div><div 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:37</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='995adc9a4e66db943f0d64d8f2e4c8c3'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New 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href=\"/profile/KADR\">KADR</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/KADR\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/KADR\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/KADR\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/KADR\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/KADR\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/KADR\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/KADR\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">KADR's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3367\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\"> Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Here is the editorial of Codeforces Beta Round #97. If you have any questions or suggestions --- feel free to post them in the comments.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136A - Presents</a> (A Div 2)</h3><div><br /></div><div>In this problem one had to read a permutation and output the inverse permutation to it. It can be found with the following algorithm. When reading the <i>i</i>-th number, which is equal to <i>a</i> one can store <i>i</i> into the <i>a</i>-th element of the resulting array. The only thing left is to output this array.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div> </div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136B - Ternary Logic</a> (B Div 2)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>It is easy to see that the answer is always unique. Let's consider an operation which is opposite to <i>tor</i>. From each ternary digit of <i>c</i> we will subtract a corresponding digit of <i>a</i> and take a result modulo 3. We'll obtain a number <i>b </i>which has the following property: <i>a tor b = c</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>logC</i> + <i>logA</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136C - Replacement</a> (C Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135A - Replacement</a> (A Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>If the largest number in our array is equal to 1 then let's replace it with 2, otherwise let's replace it with 1. After that let's sort the array and output it. It is easy to see that the array obtained in that way is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NlogN</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136D - Rectangle and Square</a> (D Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135B - Rectangle and Square</a> (B Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let's iterate over all partitions of our set of 8 points into two sets of 4 points. We want to check whether the first set forms a square and the second set forms a rectangle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a rectangle one can iterate over all permutations of the last 3 points. Then one need to ensure that every two consecutive sides intersect at a 90 degrees angle. That can be done using the fact that the scalar product of two vectors is equal to 0 iff they intersect at a 90 degrees angle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a square one can check whether they lay at the vertexes of a rectangle and ensure that two consecutive sides have equal length. </div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136E - Zero-One</a> (E Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135C - Zero-One</a> (C Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>First, let's solve the problem when there are no spoiled cards. Let <i>a</i> be the number of ones and <i>b</i> be the number of zeroes. It is easy to see that if <i>a < b</i> then the outcome is 00, because the first player can always remove ones until they are over, which will happen before the end of the game regardless of the second player's moves. Similarly, if <i>a > b + 1</i> then the outcome is 11.</div><div><br /></div><div>If <i>a = b</i> or <i>a = b + 1</i> then the outcome is either 01 or 10. That's because the first player will always remove ones, because otherwise the outcome will be 00 which is worse than any other outcome for him. Similarly, the second player will always remove zeroes. One may notice that the first player can always remove the first card to the left with 1 written on it, because it won't make the outcome worse for him. Similarly, the second player can always remove the first card to the left with 0 written on it. That means that the last card won't be removed by anyone. Thus is the last card is 1 then the outcome is 01, otherwise it is 10.</div><div><br /></div><div>We've learned how to solve the problem is there are no '?' signs. Now, suppose that the number of ones is <i>a</i>, the number of zeroes is <i>b</i> and the number of question signs is <i>c</i>. To check if the outcome 00 is possible, one can simply replace all question signs with zeroes and use the previous result, i.e. check if <i>a < b + c</i>. Similarly, the outcome 11 is possible is <i>a + c > b + 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's show how to check if the outcome 01 is possible. If the last character of the string is 0, then the string is not possible. If the last character is ? then we can replace it with 1, i.e. decrease <i>c</i> by 1 and increase <i>a</i> by 1. Suppose we want to replace <i>x</i> question signs with one and <i>c - x</i> question signs with zero. Then the following equality must hold: <i>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</i>. Thus, <i>x = (b + c - a + (a + b + c) mod 2) / 2</i>. If the resulting value of x is non-negative and is not greater than c, then the outcome 01 is possible, otherwise it is not possible.</div><div><br /></div><div>We can check if the outcome 10 is possible in the similar way.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135D - Cycle</a> (D Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>One can notice that the only possible variant of a cool cycle which doesn't have zeroes inside it is a 2x2 square of ones. This case should be checked separately. From this point we'll assume that the cool cycle we are looking for contains at least one '0' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's take any zero from the table. If it is adjacent to another zero by a side or a corner then it can't lay inside a cool cycle which doesn't have any other zeroes inside it. Thus, this zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes adjacent to it. Generalizing this fact one can show that the zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes reachable from it. We'll assume that one zero is reachable from another zero if they can be connected with a path which consists only of zeroes and in which every two consecutive cells share either a side or a corner.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's find all the connected components of zeroes. Two zeroes are connected if they share either a side or a corner. If the component of zeroes has a cell adjacent to a border of the table, then it can't lay inside any cool cycle and thus it should be ignored. After that for each connected component of zeroes let's find all cells with 1, adjacent to it. By the statement all those cells should be connected. Also, each cell from this set should share a common side with exactly two other cells from the set. Note that if the set of cells with '1' satisfy those restrictions, then it forms a cycle which doesn't contain any other cells with '1' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>The above algorithm has the complexity <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>, if implemented carefully.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135E - Weak Subsequence</a> (E Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let cool substring be the substring which is also a weak subsequence.</div><div><br /></div><div>The main observation is that the longest cool substring in any string is either its prefix or its suffix. Moreover, if, for example, it is a prefix then it can be found in the following way. Let's start moving from the end of the string towards the beginning and memorize all characters met on our way. We'll stop after some character appear in the second time. The prefix with the end in the position where we stopped is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's count the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix. First, we will iterate over the number of characters at the beginning of the string lying before the second appearance of some character. Let this number be <i>t</i>. Obviously, <i>t</i> is not greater than <i>k</i>, because all characters in the prefix of length <i>t</i> are distinct. We need to consider the following two cases:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. After it there are <i>w - 1</i> more characters. One should also consider that the last <i>t</i> characters are distinct, otherwise prefix of length greater than <i>w</i> will be also a weak subsequence. Thus, the corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a2eb66234af0a8c02b885b2c8637e3ea9db0972.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> > <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. The last t characters should be distinct, but at this time the suffix of <i>t</i> characters overlaps with the prefix of <i>t</i> characters. The corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/adb8a44e035f7b20f63b9da46028272ca375801b.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>After adding up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k</i> we will obtain the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix of length w.</div><div><br /></div><div>Similarly, we can find the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a prefix. The only difference is that we should make sure that the first <i>t + 1</i> characters of those strings are distinct in order to avoid a double-counting of the strings in which the first and the last t characters are distinct. Considering this the formulas are:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/1c71419cc75aa08ba68b41715fbb3300e0c13f1f.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.<br /></div><div><br /></div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 > <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/22f2607aaca8e8ed9380b2959e4ec5eb42afa786.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>The only thing left is to add up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k - 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>To calculate the above formula quickly one need to precompute factorials for all numbers from 1 to <i>k</i> and they inverse modulo 10<sup>9</sup>+7.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is either <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>)</span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>· <i>log</i>(<i>MOD</i>))</span>, depending on the way of computing inverse values to the factorials.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a bonus for those who made it to the end of the editorial, I'll describe a simple linear time algorithm of finding inverse values for all integers between 1 and <i>N</i> modulo prime number <i>P (P > N). </i>I think it will be useful for those who didn't hear about this trick.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's consider an obvious equality (% means a remainder of division) and perform a few simple operations with it. </div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/d094bac0bba8aa282a01995ced55296849c29936.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a56542ee4f3e43233d63d46d40877d39bcd1608.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/599ae137ce08a44c6fc3df188fb4e637402509df.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/378f5314d9556a5a6e604b357ad6139fbf0e99ff.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><br /></div><div>Thus, in order to compute <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i><sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span> we only need to know <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>P</i>%<i>i</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span>, which is less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>. That means we can compute inverse values successively for all integers between 1 and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>N</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span> time.</div></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/135\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/136\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-996-3367\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"996\",\n blogEntryId: \"3353\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #97</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+87</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/KADR\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\">\n KADR\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\">\n 17\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3377\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (13)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67762\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" title=\"Candidate Master bapcoi\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">bapcoi</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 18:19\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67762\" href=\"?#comment-67762\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67762\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"25344\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67762\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for your editorial, it helps much.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67762\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67800\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5372/avatar/fb0cbb31bfee2468.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" title=\"Pupil taserghar\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">taserghar</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 21:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67800\" href=\"?#comment-67800\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67800\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5372\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67800\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Div 2 Problem E was really a good tricky problem....and I didn't catch that .... :(</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67800\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67855\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2807/avatar/8eda5c4b4f77e28c.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" title=\"Expert Ziklon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Ziklon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 05:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67855\" href=\"?#comment-67855\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67855\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2807\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67855\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">good set :) </div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67855\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67857\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/158/avatar/bd9195c23cd2d848.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" title=\"Specialist AlfaCoding\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlfaCoding</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 06:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67857\" href=\"?#comment-67857\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67857\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"158\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67857\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone tell me how to find a recent blog（may be several weeks ago） that i forget its title and its author？Thanks a lot~:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67857\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67876\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34880/avatar/95eb0e7273add5a8.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" title=\"Pupil drbitboy\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">drbitboy</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 11:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67876\" href=\"?#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67876\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34880\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67876\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for the review!<br /><br />Heh. You sure are right about being careful on 135D Div 1 Cycle.<br /><br />I *thought* I had a O(NM) solution, but I was keeping a vector< set<int> > with a total of something like (NM + some %age) entries, of the 1s and 0s. I finally realized, after reading your approach, which was basically the same as mine, that I was doing almost nothing with the sets once I loaded them up! When I dropped the sets, the submitted code finished within the time limit.<br /><br />Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?<br /><br />What really amazes me is how someone implements this - successfully - during the 2-hour competition. I've been working on it on and off for almost a week and finally had something close this afternoon.<br /><br />Thanks again,</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67876\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67909\" commentParentId=\"67876\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 20:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67909\" href=\"?#comment-67909\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67909\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67909\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\">>Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?</span><br /><div><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\"><br /></span></div><div><font face=\"verdana, arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;\">The complexity is still <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>. One can notice that each '1' can be adjacent to not more than 4 connected components of zeroes. It means that in total we'll process all '1's not more than <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>NM</i></span> times, which is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>.</span></font></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67909\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75368\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 17:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75368\" href=\"?#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75368\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75368\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In the problem Zero-One's editorial one of the statement is<br />"<b>Then the following equality must hold: </b><i><b>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</b>"<br />Why is this so??<br /></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75368\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75377\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8452/avatar/7b374574b05a50df.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" title=\"International Master riadwaw\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">riadwaw</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 18:33\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75377\" href=\"?#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75377\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8452\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75377\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">b+c-x+a+b+c = 2b+2c+(a-x) = a-x = a-x+2x = a+x<div><br /></div><div>We can add 2n for every integer n</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75377\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75412\" commentParentId=\"75377\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:12\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75412\" href=\"?#comment-75412\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75412\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75412\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I meant to ask how to we get that inequality and how can we use it in the given problem.Could you elaborate a bit....</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75412\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75422\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75422\" href=\"?#comment-75422\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75422\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75422\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The number of ones is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i></span>. The number of zeroes is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>)</span>. As it was said in the editorial, the answer is 01 or 10 iff <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i> + 1</span> (depends on parity of n). It means that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + (<i>n</i> <i>mod</i> 2)</span> which is the same as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + ((<i>a</i> + <i>b</i> + <i>c</i>) <i>mod</i> 2)</span>.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75422\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418594\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" title=\"Newbie uprising_rk\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">uprising_rk</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 11:41\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418594\" href=\"?#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418594\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"698222\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418594\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>i am able to understand 136A..plz explain</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418594\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418664\" commentParentId=\"418594\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/419016/avatar/8ddf3c5c2dc6bf44.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" title=\"Expert SummerSky\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">SummerSky</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 18:59\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418664\" href=\"?#comment-418664\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418664\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"419016\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418664\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>(guess that you mean 'unable'...)</p><p>I think this problem means that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person gives a present to the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person, and thus the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person receives a present from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person. Therefore, we can adopt an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span> and set <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>] = <i>i</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is just another positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>), and finally it suffices to output array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418664\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"538515\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/631859/avatar/36d157f91f64fe7f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" title=\"Master roll_no_1\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">roll_no_1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/26/2019 14:45\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-538515\" href=\"?#comment-538515\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"538515\" revisionCount=\"6\" revision=\"6\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">6</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"538515\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"631859\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-538515\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>An easier way to solve Div1 B / Div2 D is to check the following conditions instead:</p> <ul> <li><p>For a rectangle: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 3 conditions:</p> <pre>1. |AB| = |CD|\n\n2. |AC| = |BD|\n\n3. |AD| = |BC|\n\nThe first 2 conditions ensure that it's a parallelogram, and the last condition ensures that it's a rectangle</pre></li> </ul> <ul> <li><p>For a square: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 2 conditions:</p> <pre>1. It is a rectangle, by calling the function used to check for a rectangle.\n\n2. |AB| = |AC|</pre></li> </ul><p>To avoid precision issues, we can compare square of distances instead, which can be computed only using integers. </p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/135/submission/59505930\">Code</a>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-538515\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3377\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 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{document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":671,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"135B"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"135"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"B"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"B. Rectangle and Square"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Rectangle and Square</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes rectangles and especially squares. Recently he has received 8 points on the plane as a gift from his mother. The points are pairwise distinct. Petya decided to split them into two sets each containing 4 points so that the points from the first set lay at the vertexes of some square and the points from the second set lay at the vertexes of a rectangle. Each point of initial 8 should belong to exactly one set. It is acceptable for a rectangle from the second set was also a square. If there are several partitions, Petya will be satisfied by any of them. Help him find such partition. Note that the rectangle and the square from the partition should have non-zero areas. The sides of the figures <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">do not have</span> to be parallel to the coordinate axes, though it might be the case.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>You are given 8 pairs of integers, a pair per line — the coordinates of the points Petya has. The absolute value of all coordinates does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>. It is guaranteed that no two points coincide.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print in the first output line \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">YES</span>\" (without the quotes), if the desired partition exists. In the second line output 4 space-separated numbers — point indexes from the input, which lie at the vertexes of the square. The points are numbered starting from 1. The numbers can be printed in any order. In the third line print the indexes of points lying at the vertexes of a rectangle in the similar format. All printed numbers should be pairwise distinct.</p><p>If the required partition does not exist, the first line should contain the word \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>\" (without the quotes), after which no output is needed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br/>10 11<br/>10 0<br/>0 11<br/>1 1<br/>2 2<br/>2 1<br/>1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br/>5 6 7 8<br/>1 2 3 4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br/>1 1<br/>2 2<br/>3 3<br/>4 4<br/>5 5<br/>6 6<br/>7 7<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br/>4 4<br/>4 0<br/>0 4<br/>1 2<br/>2 3<br/>3 2<br/>2 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br/>1 2 3 4<br/>5 6 7 8<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Pay attention to the third example: the figures do not necessarily have to be parallel to the coordinate axes.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"9082838e26001a0c88a68b724eddb69e\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"69f8f5a45aac49658986222f1044d0c075898041\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/135\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Brute force\">\r\n brute force\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Geometry, computational geometry\">\r\n geometry\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Mathematics including integration, differential equations, etc\">\r\n math\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1600\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='9082838e26001a0c88a68b724eddb69e'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"717\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='9082838e26001a0c88a68b724eddb69e'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"717\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script 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0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3336\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"3587:3588\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"972:973\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/135/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n 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}\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const nodeToText = function (node, pre) {\r\n let result = [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"SCRIPT\" || node.tagName === \"math\"\r\n || (node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"P\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"B\" data-uuid=\"ps_24acd5bd7292ec1895d4319b745f4706c31fe4e5\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Rectangle and Square</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes rectangles and especially squares. Recently he has received 8 points on the plane as a gift from his mother. The points are pairwise distinct. Petya decided to split them into two sets each containing 4 points so that the points from the first set lay at the vertexes of some square and the points from the second set lay at the vertexes of a rectangle. Each point of initial 8 should belong to exactly one set. It is acceptable for a rectangle from the second set was also a square. If there are several partitions, Petya will be satisfied by any of them. Help him find such partition. Note that the rectangle and the square from the partition should have non-zero areas. The sides of the figures <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">do not have</span> to be parallel to the coordinate axes, though it might be the case.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>You are given 8 pairs of integers, a pair per line — the coordinates of the points Petya has. The absolute value of all coordinates does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>. It is guaranteed that no two points coincide.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print in the first output line "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">YES</span>" (without the quotes), if the desired partition exists. In the second line output 4 space-separated numbers — point indexes from the input, which lie at the vertexes of the square. The points are numbered starting from 1. The numbers can be printed in any order. In the third line print the indexes of points lying at the vertexes of a rectangle in the similar format. All printed numbers should be pairwise distinct.</p><p>If the required partition does not exist, the first line should contain the word "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>" (without the quotes), after which no output is needed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br />10 11<br />10 0<br />0 11<br />1 1<br />2 2<br />2 1<br />1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br />5 6 7 8<br />1 2 3 4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br />1 1<br />2 2<br />3 3<br />4 4<br />5 5<br />6 6<br />7 7<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br />4 4<br />4 0<br />0 4<br />1 2<br />2 3<br />3 2<br />2 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br />1 2 3 4<br />5 6 7 8<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Pay attention to the third example: the figures do not necessarily have to be parallel to the coordinate axes.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=B]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:37</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a 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href=\"/profile/KADR\">KADR</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/KADR\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/KADR\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/KADR\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/KADR\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/KADR\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/KADR\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/KADR\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">KADR's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3367\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\"> Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Here is the editorial of Codeforces Beta Round #97. If you have any questions or suggestions --- feel free to post them in the comments.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136A - Presents</a> (A Div 2)</h3><div><br /></div><div>In this problem one had to read a permutation and output the inverse permutation to it. It can be found with the following algorithm. When reading the <i>i</i>-th number, which is equal to <i>a</i> one can store <i>i</i> into the <i>a</i>-th element of the resulting array. The only thing left is to output this array.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div> </div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136B - Ternary Logic</a> (B Div 2)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>It is easy to see that the answer is always unique. Let's consider an operation which is opposite to <i>tor</i>. From each ternary digit of <i>c</i> we will subtract a corresponding digit of <i>a</i> and take a result modulo 3. We'll obtain a number <i>b </i>which has the following property: <i>a tor b = c</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>logC</i> + <i>logA</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136C - Replacement</a> (C Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135A - Replacement</a> (A Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>If the largest number in our array is equal to 1 then let's replace it with 2, otherwise let's replace it with 1. After that let's sort the array and output it. It is easy to see that the array obtained in that way is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NlogN</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136D - Rectangle and Square</a> (D Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135B - Rectangle and Square</a> (B Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let's iterate over all partitions of our set of 8 points into two sets of 4 points. We want to check whether the first set forms a square and the second set forms a rectangle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a rectangle one can iterate over all permutations of the last 3 points. Then one need to ensure that every two consecutive sides intersect at a 90 degrees angle. That can be done using the fact that the scalar product of two vectors is equal to 0 iff they intersect at a 90 degrees angle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a square one can check whether they lay at the vertexes of a rectangle and ensure that two consecutive sides have equal length. </div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136E - Zero-One</a> (E Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135C - Zero-One</a> (C Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>First, let's solve the problem when there are no spoiled cards. Let <i>a</i> be the number of ones and <i>b</i> be the number of zeroes. It is easy to see that if <i>a < b</i> then the outcome is 00, because the first player can always remove ones until they are over, which will happen before the end of the game regardless of the second player's moves. Similarly, if <i>a > b + 1</i> then the outcome is 11.</div><div><br /></div><div>If <i>a = b</i> or <i>a = b + 1</i> then the outcome is either 01 or 10. That's because the first player will always remove ones, because otherwise the outcome will be 00 which is worse than any other outcome for him. Similarly, the second player will always remove zeroes. One may notice that the first player can always remove the first card to the left with 1 written on it, because it won't make the outcome worse for him. Similarly, the second player can always remove the first card to the left with 0 written on it. That means that the last card won't be removed by anyone. Thus is the last card is 1 then the outcome is 01, otherwise it is 10.</div><div><br /></div><div>We've learned how to solve the problem is there are no '?' signs. Now, suppose that the number of ones is <i>a</i>, the number of zeroes is <i>b</i> and the number of question signs is <i>c</i>. To check if the outcome 00 is possible, one can simply replace all question signs with zeroes and use the previous result, i.e. check if <i>a < b + c</i>. Similarly, the outcome 11 is possible is <i>a + c > b + 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's show how to check if the outcome 01 is possible. If the last character of the string is 0, then the string is not possible. If the last character is ? then we can replace it with 1, i.e. decrease <i>c</i> by 1 and increase <i>a</i> by 1. Suppose we want to replace <i>x</i> question signs with one and <i>c - x</i> question signs with zero. Then the following equality must hold: <i>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</i>. Thus, <i>x = (b + c - a + (a + b + c) mod 2) / 2</i>. If the resulting value of x is non-negative and is not greater than c, then the outcome 01 is possible, otherwise it is not possible.</div><div><br /></div><div>We can check if the outcome 10 is possible in the similar way.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135D - Cycle</a> (D Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>One can notice that the only possible variant of a cool cycle which doesn't have zeroes inside it is a 2x2 square of ones. This case should be checked separately. From this point we'll assume that the cool cycle we are looking for contains at least one '0' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's take any zero from the table. If it is adjacent to another zero by a side or a corner then it can't lay inside a cool cycle which doesn't have any other zeroes inside it. Thus, this zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes adjacent to it. Generalizing this fact one can show that the zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes reachable from it. We'll assume that one zero is reachable from another zero if they can be connected with a path which consists only of zeroes and in which every two consecutive cells share either a side or a corner.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's find all the connected components of zeroes. Two zeroes are connected if they share either a side or a corner. If the component of zeroes has a cell adjacent to a border of the table, then it can't lay inside any cool cycle and thus it should be ignored. After that for each connected component of zeroes let's find all cells with 1, adjacent to it. By the statement all those cells should be connected. Also, each cell from this set should share a common side with exactly two other cells from the set. Note that if the set of cells with '1' satisfy those restrictions, then it forms a cycle which doesn't contain any other cells with '1' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>The above algorithm has the complexity <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>, if implemented carefully.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135E - Weak Subsequence</a> (E Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let cool substring be the substring which is also a weak subsequence.</div><div><br /></div><div>The main observation is that the longest cool substring in any string is either its prefix or its suffix. Moreover, if, for example, it is a prefix then it can be found in the following way. Let's start moving from the end of the string towards the beginning and memorize all characters met on our way. We'll stop after some character appear in the second time. The prefix with the end in the position where we stopped is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's count the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix. First, we will iterate over the number of characters at the beginning of the string lying before the second appearance of some character. Let this number be <i>t</i>. Obviously, <i>t</i> is not greater than <i>k</i>, because all characters in the prefix of length <i>t</i> are distinct. We need to consider the following two cases:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. After it there are <i>w - 1</i> more characters. One should also consider that the last <i>t</i> characters are distinct, otherwise prefix of length greater than <i>w</i> will be also a weak subsequence. Thus, the corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a2eb66234af0a8c02b885b2c8637e3ea9db0972.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> > <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. The last t characters should be distinct, but at this time the suffix of <i>t</i> characters overlaps with the prefix of <i>t</i> characters. The corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/adb8a44e035f7b20f63b9da46028272ca375801b.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>After adding up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k</i> we will obtain the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix of length w.</div><div><br /></div><div>Similarly, we can find the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a prefix. The only difference is that we should make sure that the first <i>t + 1</i> characters of those strings are distinct in order to avoid a double-counting of the strings in which the first and the last t characters are distinct. Considering this the formulas are:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/1c71419cc75aa08ba68b41715fbb3300e0c13f1f.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.<br /></div><div><br /></div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 > <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/22f2607aaca8e8ed9380b2959e4ec5eb42afa786.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>The only thing left is to add up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k - 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>To calculate the above formula quickly one need to precompute factorials for all numbers from 1 to <i>k</i> and they inverse modulo 10<sup>9</sup>+7.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is either <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>)</span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>· <i>log</i>(<i>MOD</i>))</span>, depending on the way of computing inverse values to the factorials.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a bonus for those who made it to the end of the editorial, I'll describe a simple linear time algorithm of finding inverse values for all integers between 1 and <i>N</i> modulo prime number <i>P (P > N). </i>I think it will be useful for those who didn't hear about this trick.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's consider an obvious equality (% means a remainder of division) and perform a few simple operations with it. </div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/d094bac0bba8aa282a01995ced55296849c29936.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a56542ee4f3e43233d63d46d40877d39bcd1608.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/599ae137ce08a44c6fc3df188fb4e637402509df.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/378f5314d9556a5a6e604b357ad6139fbf0e99ff.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><br /></div><div>Thus, in order to compute <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i><sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span> we only need to know <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>P</i>%<i>i</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span>, which is less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>. That means we can compute inverse values successively for all integers between 1 and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>N</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span> time.</div></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/135\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/136\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-996-3367\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"996\",\n blogEntryId: \"3353\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #97</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+87</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/KADR\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\">\n KADR\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\">\n 17\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3377\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (13)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67762\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" title=\"Candidate Master bapcoi\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">bapcoi</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 18:19\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67762\" href=\"?#comment-67762\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67762\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"25344\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67762\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for your editorial, it helps much.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67762\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67800\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5372/avatar/fb0cbb31bfee2468.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" title=\"Pupil taserghar\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">taserghar</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 21:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67800\" href=\"?#comment-67800\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67800\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5372\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67800\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Div 2 Problem E was really a good tricky problem....and I didn't catch that .... :(</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67800\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67855\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2807/avatar/8eda5c4b4f77e28c.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" title=\"Expert Ziklon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Ziklon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 05:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67855\" href=\"?#comment-67855\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67855\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2807\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67855\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">good set :) </div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67855\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67857\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/158/avatar/bd9195c23cd2d848.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" title=\"Specialist AlfaCoding\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlfaCoding</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 06:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67857\" href=\"?#comment-67857\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67857\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"158\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67857\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone tell me how to find a recent blog（may be several weeks ago） that i forget its title and its author？Thanks a lot~:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67857\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67876\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34880/avatar/95eb0e7273add5a8.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" title=\"Pupil drbitboy\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">drbitboy</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 11:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67876\" href=\"?#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67876\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34880\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67876\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for the review!<br /><br />Heh. You sure are right about being careful on 135D Div 1 Cycle.<br /><br />I *thought* I had a O(NM) solution, but I was keeping a vector< set<int> > with a total of something like (NM + some %age) entries, of the 1s and 0s. I finally realized, after reading your approach, which was basically the same as mine, that I was doing almost nothing with the sets once I loaded them up! When I dropped the sets, the submitted code finished within the time limit.<br /><br />Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?<br /><br />What really amazes me is how someone implements this - successfully - during the 2-hour competition. I've been working on it on and off for almost a week and finally had something close this afternoon.<br /><br />Thanks again,</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67876\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67909\" commentParentId=\"67876\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 20:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67909\" href=\"?#comment-67909\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67909\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67909\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\">>Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?</span><br /><div><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\"><br /></span></div><div><font face=\"verdana, arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;\">The complexity is still <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>. One can notice that each '1' can be adjacent to not more than 4 connected components of zeroes. It means that in total we'll process all '1's not more than <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>NM</i></span> times, which is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>.</span></font></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67909\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75368\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 17:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75368\" href=\"?#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75368\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75368\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In the problem Zero-One's editorial one of the statement is<br />"<b>Then the following equality must hold: </b><i><b>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</b>"<br />Why is this so??<br /></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75368\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75377\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8452/avatar/7b374574b05a50df.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" title=\"International Master riadwaw\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">riadwaw</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 18:33\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75377\" href=\"?#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75377\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8452\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75377\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">b+c-x+a+b+c = 2b+2c+(a-x) = a-x = a-x+2x = a+x<div><br /></div><div>We can add 2n for every integer n</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75377\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75412\" commentParentId=\"75377\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:12\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75412\" href=\"?#comment-75412\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75412\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75412\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I meant to ask how to we get that inequality and how can we use it in the given problem.Could you elaborate a bit....</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75412\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75422\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75422\" href=\"?#comment-75422\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75422\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75422\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The number of ones is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i></span>. The number of zeroes is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>)</span>. As it was said in the editorial, the answer is 01 or 10 iff <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i> + 1</span> (depends on parity of n). It means that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + (<i>n</i> <i>mod</i> 2)</span> which is the same as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + ((<i>a</i> + <i>b</i> + <i>c</i>) <i>mod</i> 2)</span>.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75422\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418594\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" title=\"Newbie uprising_rk\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">uprising_rk</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 11:41\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418594\" href=\"?#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418594\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"698222\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418594\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>i am able to understand 136A..plz explain</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418594\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418664\" commentParentId=\"418594\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/419016/avatar/8ddf3c5c2dc6bf44.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" title=\"Expert SummerSky\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">SummerSky</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 18:59\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418664\" href=\"?#comment-418664\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418664\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"419016\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418664\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>(guess that you mean 'unable'...)</p><p>I think this problem means that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person gives a present to the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person, and thus the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person receives a present from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person. Therefore, we can adopt an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span> and set <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>] = <i>i</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is just another positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>), and finally it suffices to output array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418664\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"538515\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/631859/avatar/36d157f91f64fe7f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" title=\"Master roll_no_1\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">roll_no_1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/26/2019 14:45\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-538515\" href=\"?#comment-538515\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"538515\" revisionCount=\"6\" revision=\"6\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">6</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"538515\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"631859\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-538515\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>An easier way to solve Div1 B / Div2 D is to check the following conditions instead:</p> <ul> <li><p>For a rectangle: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 3 conditions:</p> <pre>1. |AB| = |CD|\n\n2. |AC| = |BD|\n\n3. |AD| = |BC|\n\nThe first 2 conditions ensure that it's a parallelogram, and the last condition ensures that it's a rectangle</pre></li> </ul> <ul> <li><p>For a square: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 2 conditions:</p> <pre>1. It is a rectangle, by calling the function used to check for a rectangle.\n\n2. |AB| = |AC|</pre></li> </ul><p>To avoid precision issues, we can compare square of distances instead, which can be computed only using integers. </p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/135/submission/59505930\">Code</a>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-538515\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3377\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 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Zero-One"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Zero-One</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes playing with little Masha. Recently he has received a game called \"Zero-One\" as a gift from his mother. Petya immediately offered Masha to play the game with him.</p><p>Before the very beginning of the game several cards are lain out on a table in one line from the left to the right. Each card contains a digit: 0 or 1. Players move in turns and Masha moves first. During each move a player should remove a card from the table and shift all other cards so as to close the gap left by the removed card. For example, if before somebody's move the cards on the table formed a sequence 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">010</span>101, then after the fourth card is removed (the cards are numbered starting from 1), the sequence will look like that: 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">00</span>101. </p><p>The game ends when exactly two cards are left on the table. The digits on these cards determine the number in binary notation: the most significant bit is located to the left. Masha's aim is to minimize the number and Petya's aim is to maximize it.</p><p>An unpleasant accident occurred before the game started. The kids spilled juice on some of the cards and the digits on the cards got blurred. Each one of the spoiled cards could have either 0 or 1 written on it. Consider all possible variants of initial arrangement of the digits (before the juice spilling). For each variant, let's find which two cards are left by the end of the game, assuming that both Petya and Masha play optimally. An ordered pair of digits written on those two cards is called an <span class=\"tex-font-style-it\">outcome</span>. Your task is to find the set of outcomes for all variants of initial digits arrangement.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a sequence of characters each of which can either be a \"0\", a \"1\" or a \"?\". This sequence determines the initial arrangement of cards on the table from the left to the right. The characters \"?\" mean that the given card was spoiled before the game. The sequence's length ranges from <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the set of outcomes for all possible initial digits arrangements. Print each possible outcome on a single line. Each outcome should be represented by two characters: the digits written on the cards that were left by the end of the game. The outcomes should be sorted lexicographically in ascending order (see the first sample).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>????<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>00<br/>01<br/>10<br/>11<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1010<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1?1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>01<br/>11<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample all 16 variants of numbers arrangement are possible. For the variant 0000 the outcome is 00. For the variant 1111 the outcome is 11. For the variant 0011 the outcome is 01. For the variant 1100 the outcome is 10. Regardless of outcomes for all other variants the set which we are looking for will contain all 4 possible outcomes.</p><p>In the third sample only 2 variants of numbers arrangement are possible: 111 and 101. For the variant 111 the outcome is 11. For the variant 101 the outcome is 01, because on the first turn Masha can remove the first card from the left after which the game will end.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"998b2bd3dacaf47ed217a27974fd0897\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"69f8f5a45aac49658986222f1044d0c075898041\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_b0c49c817c9bc26e947cecab946bf953a851700b\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Zero-One</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes playing with little Masha. Recently he has received a game called "Zero-One" as a gift from his mother. Petya immediately offered Masha to play the game with him.</p><p>Before the very beginning of the game several cards are lain out on a table in one line from the left to the right. Each card contains a digit: 0 or 1. Players move in turns and Masha moves first. During each move a player should remove a card from the table and shift all other cards so as to close the gap left by the removed card. For example, if before somebody's move the cards on the table formed a sequence 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">010</span>101, then after the fourth card is removed (the cards are numbered starting from 1), the sequence will look like that: 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">00</span>101. </p><p>The game ends when exactly two cards are left on the table. The digits on these cards determine the number in binary notation: the most significant bit is located to the left. Masha's aim is to minimize the number and Petya's aim is to maximize it.</p><p>An unpleasant accident occurred before the game started. The kids spilled juice on some of the cards and the digits on the cards got blurred. Each one of the spoiled cards could have either 0 or 1 written on it. Consider all possible variants of initial arrangement of the digits (before the juice spilling). For each variant, let's find which two cards are left by the end of the game, assuming that both Petya and Masha play optimally. An ordered pair of digits written on those two cards is called an <span class=\"tex-font-style-it\">outcome</span>. Your task is to find the set of outcomes for all variants of initial digits arrangement.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a sequence of characters each of which can either be a "0", a "1" or a "?". This sequence determines the initial arrangement of cards on the table from the left to the right. The characters "?" mean that the given card was spoiled before the game. The sequence's length ranges from <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the set of outcomes for all possible initial digits arrangements. Print each possible outcome on a single line. Each outcome should be represented by two characters: the digits written on the cards that were left by the end of the game. The outcomes should be sorted lexicographically in ascending order (see the first sample).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>????<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>00<br />01<br />10<br />11<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1010<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1?1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>01<br />11<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample all 16 variants of numbers arrangement are possible. For the variant 0000 the outcome is 00. For the variant 1111 the outcome is 11. For the variant 0011 the outcome is 01. For the variant 1100 the outcome is 10. Regardless of outcomes for all other variants the set which we are looking for will contain all 4 possible outcomes.</p><p>In the third sample only 2 variants of numbers arrangement are possible: 111 and 101. For the variant 111 the outcome is 11. 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='995adc9a4e66db943f0d64d8f2e4c8c3'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/yeon_gist\" title=\"Newbie yeon_gist\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">yeon_gist</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121170\">plusMinusPermutation computing error</a>\r\n <img alt=\"Text created or updated\" title=\"Text created or updated\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/x-update-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/altforminuscontribution\" title=\"Newbie altforminuscontribution\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">altforminuscontribution</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121162\">My screen get unexpectedly big, what should I do</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/atcoder_official\" title=\"Unrated, atcoder_official\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">atcoder_official</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121120\">We will hold UNIQUE VISION Programming Contest 2023 Autumn(AtCoder Beginner Contest 323)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" title=\"Candidate Master YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">YouStill_DontKnowMeYet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/117659\">[GYM] Al-Baath Collegiate Programming Contest 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/ankancool\" title=\"Expert ankancool\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> 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href=\"/profile/KADR\">KADR</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/KADR\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/KADR\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/KADR\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/KADR\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/KADR\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/KADR\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/KADR\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">KADR's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3367\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\"> Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Here is the editorial of Codeforces Beta Round #97. If you have any questions or suggestions --- feel free to post them in the comments.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136A - Presents</a> (A Div 2)</h3><div><br /></div><div>In this problem one had to read a permutation and output the inverse permutation to it. It can be found with the following algorithm. When reading the <i>i</i>-th number, which is equal to <i>a</i> one can store <i>i</i> into the <i>a</i>-th element of the resulting array. The only thing left is to output this array.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div> </div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136B - Ternary Logic</a> (B Div 2)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>It is easy to see that the answer is always unique. Let's consider an operation which is opposite to <i>tor</i>. From each ternary digit of <i>c</i> we will subtract a corresponding digit of <i>a</i> and take a result modulo 3. We'll obtain a number <i>b </i>which has the following property: <i>a tor b = c</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>logC</i> + <i>logA</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136C - Replacement</a> (C Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135A - Replacement</a> (A Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>If the largest number in our array is equal to 1 then let's replace it with 2, otherwise let's replace it with 1. After that let's sort the array and output it. It is easy to see that the array obtained in that way is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NlogN</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136D - Rectangle and Square</a> (D Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135B - Rectangle and Square</a> (B Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let's iterate over all partitions of our set of 8 points into two sets of 4 points. We want to check whether the first set forms a square and the second set forms a rectangle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a rectangle one can iterate over all permutations of the last 3 points. Then one need to ensure that every two consecutive sides intersect at a 90 degrees angle. That can be done using the fact that the scalar product of two vectors is equal to 0 iff they intersect at a 90 degrees angle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a square one can check whether they lay at the vertexes of a rectangle and ensure that two consecutive sides have equal length. </div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136E - Zero-One</a> (E Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135C - Zero-One</a> (C Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>First, let's solve the problem when there are no spoiled cards. Let <i>a</i> be the number of ones and <i>b</i> be the number of zeroes. It is easy to see that if <i>a < b</i> then the outcome is 00, because the first player can always remove ones until they are over, which will happen before the end of the game regardless of the second player's moves. Similarly, if <i>a > b + 1</i> then the outcome is 11.</div><div><br /></div><div>If <i>a = b</i> or <i>a = b + 1</i> then the outcome is either 01 or 10. That's because the first player will always remove ones, because otherwise the outcome will be 00 which is worse than any other outcome for him. Similarly, the second player will always remove zeroes. One may notice that the first player can always remove the first card to the left with 1 written on it, because it won't make the outcome worse for him. Similarly, the second player can always remove the first card to the left with 0 written on it. That means that the last card won't be removed by anyone. Thus is the last card is 1 then the outcome is 01, otherwise it is 10.</div><div><br /></div><div>We've learned how to solve the problem is there are no '?' signs. Now, suppose that the number of ones is <i>a</i>, the number of zeroes is <i>b</i> and the number of question signs is <i>c</i>. To check if the outcome 00 is possible, one can simply replace all question signs with zeroes and use the previous result, i.e. check if <i>a < b + c</i>. Similarly, the outcome 11 is possible is <i>a + c > b + 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's show how to check if the outcome 01 is possible. If the last character of the string is 0, then the string is not possible. If the last character is ? then we can replace it with 1, i.e. decrease <i>c</i> by 1 and increase <i>a</i> by 1. Suppose we want to replace <i>x</i> question signs with one and <i>c - x</i> question signs with zero. Then the following equality must hold: <i>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</i>. Thus, <i>x = (b + c - a + (a + b + c) mod 2) / 2</i>. If the resulting value of x is non-negative and is not greater than c, then the outcome 01 is possible, otherwise it is not possible.</div><div><br /></div><div>We can check if the outcome 10 is possible in the similar way.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135D - Cycle</a> (D Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>One can notice that the only possible variant of a cool cycle which doesn't have zeroes inside it is a 2x2 square of ones. This case should be checked separately. From this point we'll assume that the cool cycle we are looking for contains at least one '0' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's take any zero from the table. If it is adjacent to another zero by a side or a corner then it can't lay inside a cool cycle which doesn't have any other zeroes inside it. Thus, this zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes adjacent to it. Generalizing this fact one can show that the zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes reachable from it. We'll assume that one zero is reachable from another zero if they can be connected with a path which consists only of zeroes and in which every two consecutive cells share either a side or a corner.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's find all the connected components of zeroes. Two zeroes are connected if they share either a side or a corner. If the component of zeroes has a cell adjacent to a border of the table, then it can't lay inside any cool cycle and thus it should be ignored. After that for each connected component of zeroes let's find all cells with 1, adjacent to it. By the statement all those cells should be connected. Also, each cell from this set should share a common side with exactly two other cells from the set. Note that if the set of cells with '1' satisfy those restrictions, then it forms a cycle which doesn't contain any other cells with '1' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>The above algorithm has the complexity <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>, if implemented carefully.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135E - Weak Subsequence</a> (E Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let cool substring be the substring which is also a weak subsequence.</div><div><br /></div><div>The main observation is that the longest cool substring in any string is either its prefix or its suffix. Moreover, if, for example, it is a prefix then it can be found in the following way. Let's start moving from the end of the string towards the beginning and memorize all characters met on our way. We'll stop after some character appear in the second time. The prefix with the end in the position where we stopped is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's count the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix. First, we will iterate over the number of characters at the beginning of the string lying before the second appearance of some character. Let this number be <i>t</i>. Obviously, <i>t</i> is not greater than <i>k</i>, because all characters in the prefix of length <i>t</i> are distinct. We need to consider the following two cases:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. After it there are <i>w - 1</i> more characters. One should also consider that the last <i>t</i> characters are distinct, otherwise prefix of length greater than <i>w</i> will be also a weak subsequence. Thus, the corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a2eb66234af0a8c02b885b2c8637e3ea9db0972.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> > <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. The last t characters should be distinct, but at this time the suffix of <i>t</i> characters overlaps with the prefix of <i>t</i> characters. The corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/adb8a44e035f7b20f63b9da46028272ca375801b.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>After adding up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k</i> we will obtain the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix of length w.</div><div><br /></div><div>Similarly, we can find the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a prefix. The only difference is that we should make sure that the first <i>t + 1</i> characters of those strings are distinct in order to avoid a double-counting of the strings in which the first and the last t characters are distinct. Considering this the formulas are:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/1c71419cc75aa08ba68b41715fbb3300e0c13f1f.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.<br /></div><div><br /></div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 > <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/22f2607aaca8e8ed9380b2959e4ec5eb42afa786.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>The only thing left is to add up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k - 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>To calculate the above formula quickly one need to precompute factorials for all numbers from 1 to <i>k</i> and they inverse modulo 10<sup>9</sup>+7.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is either <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>)</span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>· <i>log</i>(<i>MOD</i>))</span>, depending on the way of computing inverse values to the factorials.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a bonus for those who made it to the end of the editorial, I'll describe a simple linear time algorithm of finding inverse values for all integers between 1 and <i>N</i> modulo prime number <i>P (P > N). </i>I think it will be useful for those who didn't hear about this trick.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's consider an obvious equality (% means a remainder of division) and perform a few simple operations with it. </div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/d094bac0bba8aa282a01995ced55296849c29936.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a56542ee4f3e43233d63d46d40877d39bcd1608.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/599ae137ce08a44c6fc3df188fb4e637402509df.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/378f5314d9556a5a6e604b357ad6139fbf0e99ff.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><br /></div><div>Thus, in order to compute <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i><sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span> we only need to know <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>P</i>%<i>i</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span>, which is less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>. That means we can compute inverse values successively for all integers between 1 and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>N</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span> time.</div></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/135\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/136\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-996-3367\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"996\",\n blogEntryId: \"3353\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #97</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+87</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/KADR\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\">\n KADR\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\">\n 17\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3377\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (13)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67762\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" title=\"Candidate Master bapcoi\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">bapcoi</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 18:19\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67762\" href=\"?#comment-67762\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67762\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"25344\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67762\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for your editorial, it helps much.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67762\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67800\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5372/avatar/fb0cbb31bfee2468.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" title=\"Pupil taserghar\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">taserghar</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 21:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67800\" href=\"?#comment-67800\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67800\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5372\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67800\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Div 2 Problem E was really a good tricky problem....and I didn't catch that .... :(</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67800\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67855\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2807/avatar/8eda5c4b4f77e28c.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" title=\"Expert Ziklon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Ziklon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 05:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67855\" href=\"?#comment-67855\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67855\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2807\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67855\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">good set :) </div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67855\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67857\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/158/avatar/bd9195c23cd2d848.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" title=\"Specialist AlfaCoding\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlfaCoding</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 06:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67857\" href=\"?#comment-67857\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67857\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"158\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67857\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone tell me how to find a recent blog（may be several weeks ago） that i forget its title and its author？Thanks a lot~:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67857\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67876\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34880/avatar/95eb0e7273add5a8.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" title=\"Pupil drbitboy\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">drbitboy</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 11:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67876\" href=\"?#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67876\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34880\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67876\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for the review!<br /><br />Heh. You sure are right about being careful on 135D Div 1 Cycle.<br /><br />I *thought* I had a O(NM) solution, but I was keeping a vector< set<int> > with a total of something like (NM + some %age) entries, of the 1s and 0s. I finally realized, after reading your approach, which was basically the same as mine, that I was doing almost nothing with the sets once I loaded them up! When I dropped the sets, the submitted code finished within the time limit.<br /><br />Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?<br /><br />What really amazes me is how someone implements this - successfully - during the 2-hour competition. I've been working on it on and off for almost a week and finally had something close this afternoon.<br /><br />Thanks again,</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67876\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67909\" commentParentId=\"67876\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 20:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67909\" href=\"?#comment-67909\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67909\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67909\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\">>Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?</span><br /><div><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\"><br /></span></div><div><font face=\"verdana, arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;\">The complexity is still <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>. One can notice that each '1' can be adjacent to not more than 4 connected components of zeroes. It means that in total we'll process all '1's not more than <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>NM</i></span> times, which is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>.</span></font></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67909\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75368\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 17:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75368\" href=\"?#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75368\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75368\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In the problem Zero-One's editorial one of the statement is<br />"<b>Then the following equality must hold: </b><i><b>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</b>"<br />Why is this so??<br /></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75368\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75377\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8452/avatar/7b374574b05a50df.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" title=\"International Master riadwaw\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">riadwaw</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 18:33\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75377\" href=\"?#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75377\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8452\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75377\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">b+c-x+a+b+c = 2b+2c+(a-x) = a-x = a-x+2x = a+x<div><br /></div><div>We can add 2n for every integer n</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75377\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75412\" commentParentId=\"75377\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:12\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75412\" href=\"?#comment-75412\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75412\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75412\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I meant to ask how to we get that inequality and how can we use it in the given problem.Could you elaborate a bit....</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75412\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75422\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75422\" href=\"?#comment-75422\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75422\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75422\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The number of ones is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i></span>. The number of zeroes is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>)</span>. As it was said in the editorial, the answer is 01 or 10 iff <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i> + 1</span> (depends on parity of n). It means that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + (<i>n</i> <i>mod</i> 2)</span> which is the same as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + ((<i>a</i> + <i>b</i> + <i>c</i>) <i>mod</i> 2)</span>.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75422\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418594\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" title=\"Newbie uprising_rk\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">uprising_rk</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 11:41\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418594\" href=\"?#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418594\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"698222\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418594\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>i am able to understand 136A..plz explain</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418594\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418664\" commentParentId=\"418594\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/419016/avatar/8ddf3c5c2dc6bf44.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" title=\"Expert SummerSky\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">SummerSky</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 18:59\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418664\" href=\"?#comment-418664\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418664\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"419016\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418664\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>(guess that you mean 'unable'...)</p><p>I think this problem means that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person gives a present to the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person, and thus the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person receives a present from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person. Therefore, we can adopt an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span> and set <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>] = <i>i</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is just another positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>), and finally it suffices to output array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418664\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"538515\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/631859/avatar/36d157f91f64fe7f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" title=\"Master roll_no_1\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">roll_no_1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/26/2019 14:45\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-538515\" href=\"?#comment-538515\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"538515\" revisionCount=\"6\" revision=\"6\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">6</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"538515\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"631859\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-538515\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>An easier way to solve Div1 B / Div2 D is to check the following conditions instead:</p> <ul> <li><p>For a rectangle: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 3 conditions:</p> <pre>1. |AB| = |CD|\n\n2. |AC| = |BD|\n\n3. |AD| = |BC|\n\nThe first 2 conditions ensure that it's a parallelogram, and the last condition ensures that it's a rectangle</pre></li> </ul> <ul> <li><p>For a square: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 2 conditions:</p> <pre>1. It is a rectangle, by calling the function used to check for a rectangle.\n\n2. |AB| = |AC|</pre></li> </ul><p>To avoid precision issues, we can compare square of distances instead, which can be computed only using integers. </p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/135/submission/59505930\">Code</a>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-538515\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3377\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 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{document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":673,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"135D"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"135"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"D"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"D. Cycle"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Cycle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>3 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes rectangular tables that consist of characters \"0\" and \"1\". Recently he has received one such table as a gift from his mother. The table contained <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> rows and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> columns. The rows are numbered from top to bottom from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, the columns are numbered from the left to the right from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. Petya immediately decided to find the longest cool cycle whatever it takes.</p><p>A cycle is a sequence of pairwise distinct cells where each two consecutive cells have a common side; besides, the first cell has a common side with the last cell. A cycle is called cool if it fulfills all the following conditions simultaneously: </p><ul> <li> The cycle entirely consists of the cells that contain \"1\". </li><li> Each cell that belongs to the cycle, has a common side with exactly two other cells that belong to the cycle. </li><li> Each cell of the table that contains \"1\" either belongs to the cycle or is positioned outside of it (see definition below). </li></ul><p>To define the notion of \"outside\" formally, let's draw a cycle on a plane. Let each cell of the cycle <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>i</i>, <i>j</i>)</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> is the row number, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> is the column number) correspond to the point <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>i</i>, <i>j</i>)</span> on the coordinate plane. Let a straight line segment join each pair of points that correspond to the cells belonging to the cycle and sharing a side. Thus, we will get a closed polyline that has no self-intersections and self-touches. The polyline divides the plane into two connected parts: the part of an infinite area and the part of a finite area. It is considered that cell <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>r</i>, <i>c</i>)</span> lies outside of the cycle if it does not belong to the cycle and the corresponding point on the plane with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>r</i>, <i>c</i>)</span> lies in the part with the infinite area.</p><p>Help Petya to find the length of the longest cool cycle in the table. The cycle length is defined as the number of cells that belong to the cycle.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 1000</span>) — the number of rows and columns in the table, respectively. Each of the following <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters. Each character can be either \"0\" or \"1\".</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the length of the longest cool cycle in the table. If such cycles do not exist, print 0.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 3<br/>111<br/>101<br/>111<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>8<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br/>01010<br/>10101<br/>01010<br/>10101<br/>01010<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>7 7<br/>1111111<br/>1000101<br/>1000101<br/>1000101<br/>1000111<br/>1000001<br/>1111111<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>24<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br/>11111<br/>10001<br/>10101<br/>10001<br/>11111<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example there's only one cycle and it is cool.</p><p>In the second sample there's no cycle at all.</p><p>In the third sample there are two cool cycles: their lengths are 12 and 24.</p><p>In the fourth sample there also is only one cycle but it isn't cool as there's a cell containing \"1\" inside this cycle.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"a484fd81da47ee0e03d118579ea76d77\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"69f8f5a45aac49658986222f1044d0c075898041\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_d765a91fe29135a292bde77dea205af1ed333b92\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Cycle</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>3 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes rectangular tables that consist of characters "0" and "1". Recently he has received one such table as a gift from his mother. The table contained <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> rows and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> columns. The rows are numbered from top to bottom from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, the columns are numbered from the left to the right from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>. Petya immediately decided to find the longest cool cycle whatever it takes.</p><p>A cycle is a sequence of pairwise distinct cells where each two consecutive cells have a common side; besides, the first cell has a common side with the last cell. A cycle is called cool if it fulfills all the following conditions simultaneously: </p><ul> <li> The cycle entirely consists of the cells that contain "1". </li><li> Each cell that belongs to the cycle, has a common side with exactly two other cells that belong to the cycle. </li><li> Each cell of the table that contains "1" either belongs to the cycle or is positioned outside of it (see definition below). </li></ul><p>To define the notion of "outside" formally, let's draw a cycle on a plane. Let each cell of the cycle <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>i</i>, <i>j</i>)</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> is the row number, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> is the column number) correspond to the point <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>i</i>, <i>j</i>)</span> on the coordinate plane. Let a straight line segment join each pair of points that correspond to the cells belonging to the cycle and sharing a side. Thus, we will get a closed polyline that has no self-intersections and self-touches. The polyline divides the plane into two connected parts: the part of an infinite area and the part of a finite area. It is considered that cell <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>r</i>, <i>c</i>)</span> lies outside of the cycle if it does not belong to the cycle and the corresponding point on the plane with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>r</i>, <i>c</i>)</span> lies in the part with the infinite area.</p><p>Help Petya to find the length of the longest cool cycle in the table. The cycle length is defined as the number of cells that belong to the cycle.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 1000</span>) — the number of rows and columns in the table, respectively. Each of the following <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters. Each character can be either "0" or "1".</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the length of the longest cool cycle in the table. If such cycles do not exist, print 0.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 3<br />111<br />101<br />111<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>8<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br />01010<br />10101<br />01010<br />10101<br />01010<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>7 7<br />1111111<br />1000101<br />1000101<br />1000101<br />1000111<br />1000001<br />1111111<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>24<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br />11111<br />10001<br />10101<br />10001<br />11111<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example there's only one cycle and it is cool.</p><p>In the second sample there's no cycle at all.</p><p>In the third sample there are two cool cycles: their lengths are 12 and 24.</p><p>In the fourth sample there also is only one cycle but it isn't cool as there's a cell containing "1" inside this cycle.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=D]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:37</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='995adc9a4e66db943f0d64d8f2e4c8c3'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New 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href=\"/profile/KADR\">KADR</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/KADR\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/KADR\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/KADR\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/KADR\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/KADR\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/KADR\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/KADR\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">KADR's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3367\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\"> Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Here is the editorial of Codeforces Beta Round #97. If you have any questions or suggestions --- feel free to post them in the comments.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136A - Presents</a> (A Div 2)</h3><div><br /></div><div>In this problem one had to read a permutation and output the inverse permutation to it. It can be found with the following algorithm. When reading the <i>i</i>-th number, which is equal to <i>a</i> one can store <i>i</i> into the <i>a</i>-th element of the resulting array. The only thing left is to output this array.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div> </div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136B - Ternary Logic</a> (B Div 2)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>It is easy to see that the answer is always unique. Let's consider an operation which is opposite to <i>tor</i>. From each ternary digit of <i>c</i> we will subtract a corresponding digit of <i>a</i> and take a result modulo 3. We'll obtain a number <i>b </i>which has the following property: <i>a tor b = c</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>logC</i> + <i>logA</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136C - Replacement</a> (C Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135A - Replacement</a> (A Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>If the largest number in our array is equal to 1 then let's replace it with 2, otherwise let's replace it with 1. After that let's sort the array and output it. It is easy to see that the array obtained in that way is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NlogN</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136D - Rectangle and Square</a> (D Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135B - Rectangle and Square</a> (B Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let's iterate over all partitions of our set of 8 points into two sets of 4 points. We want to check whether the first set forms a square and the second set forms a rectangle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a rectangle one can iterate over all permutations of the last 3 points. Then one need to ensure that every two consecutive sides intersect at a 90 degrees angle. That can be done using the fact that the scalar product of two vectors is equal to 0 iff they intersect at a 90 degrees angle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a square one can check whether they lay at the vertexes of a rectangle and ensure that two consecutive sides have equal length. </div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136E - Zero-One</a> (E Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135C - Zero-One</a> (C Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>First, let's solve the problem when there are no spoiled cards. Let <i>a</i> be the number of ones and <i>b</i> be the number of zeroes. It is easy to see that if <i>a < b</i> then the outcome is 00, because the first player can always remove ones until they are over, which will happen before the end of the game regardless of the second player's moves. Similarly, if <i>a > b + 1</i> then the outcome is 11.</div><div><br /></div><div>If <i>a = b</i> or <i>a = b + 1</i> then the outcome is either 01 or 10. That's because the first player will always remove ones, because otherwise the outcome will be 00 which is worse than any other outcome for him. Similarly, the second player will always remove zeroes. One may notice that the first player can always remove the first card to the left with 1 written on it, because it won't make the outcome worse for him. Similarly, the second player can always remove the first card to the left with 0 written on it. That means that the last card won't be removed by anyone. Thus is the last card is 1 then the outcome is 01, otherwise it is 10.</div><div><br /></div><div>We've learned how to solve the problem is there are no '?' signs. Now, suppose that the number of ones is <i>a</i>, the number of zeroes is <i>b</i> and the number of question signs is <i>c</i>. To check if the outcome 00 is possible, one can simply replace all question signs with zeroes and use the previous result, i.e. check if <i>a < b + c</i>. Similarly, the outcome 11 is possible is <i>a + c > b + 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's show how to check if the outcome 01 is possible. If the last character of the string is 0, then the string is not possible. If the last character is ? then we can replace it with 1, i.e. decrease <i>c</i> by 1 and increase <i>a</i> by 1. Suppose we want to replace <i>x</i> question signs with one and <i>c - x</i> question signs with zero. Then the following equality must hold: <i>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</i>. Thus, <i>x = (b + c - a + (a + b + c) mod 2) / 2</i>. If the resulting value of x is non-negative and is not greater than c, then the outcome 01 is possible, otherwise it is not possible.</div><div><br /></div><div>We can check if the outcome 10 is possible in the similar way.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135D - Cycle</a> (D Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>One can notice that the only possible variant of a cool cycle which doesn't have zeroes inside it is a 2x2 square of ones. This case should be checked separately. From this point we'll assume that the cool cycle we are looking for contains at least one '0' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's take any zero from the table. If it is adjacent to another zero by a side or a corner then it can't lay inside a cool cycle which doesn't have any other zeroes inside it. Thus, this zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes adjacent to it. Generalizing this fact one can show that the zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes reachable from it. We'll assume that one zero is reachable from another zero if they can be connected with a path which consists only of zeroes and in which every two consecutive cells share either a side or a corner.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's find all the connected components of zeroes. Two zeroes are connected if they share either a side or a corner. If the component of zeroes has a cell adjacent to a border of the table, then it can't lay inside any cool cycle and thus it should be ignored. After that for each connected component of zeroes let's find all cells with 1, adjacent to it. By the statement all those cells should be connected. Also, each cell from this set should share a common side with exactly two other cells from the set. Note that if the set of cells with '1' satisfy those restrictions, then it forms a cycle which doesn't contain any other cells with '1' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>The above algorithm has the complexity <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>, if implemented carefully.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135E - Weak Subsequence</a> (E Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let cool substring be the substring which is also a weak subsequence.</div><div><br /></div><div>The main observation is that the longest cool substring in any string is either its prefix or its suffix. Moreover, if, for example, it is a prefix then it can be found in the following way. Let's start moving from the end of the string towards the beginning and memorize all characters met on our way. We'll stop after some character appear in the second time. The prefix with the end in the position where we stopped is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's count the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix. First, we will iterate over the number of characters at the beginning of the string lying before the second appearance of some character. Let this number be <i>t</i>. Obviously, <i>t</i> is not greater than <i>k</i>, because all characters in the prefix of length <i>t</i> are distinct. We need to consider the following two cases:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. After it there are <i>w - 1</i> more characters. One should also consider that the last <i>t</i> characters are distinct, otherwise prefix of length greater than <i>w</i> will be also a weak subsequence. Thus, the corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a2eb66234af0a8c02b885b2c8637e3ea9db0972.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> > <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. The last t characters should be distinct, but at this time the suffix of <i>t</i> characters overlaps with the prefix of <i>t</i> characters. The corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/adb8a44e035f7b20f63b9da46028272ca375801b.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>After adding up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k</i> we will obtain the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix of length w.</div><div><br /></div><div>Similarly, we can find the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a prefix. The only difference is that we should make sure that the first <i>t + 1</i> characters of those strings are distinct in order to avoid a double-counting of the strings in which the first and the last t characters are distinct. Considering this the formulas are:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/1c71419cc75aa08ba68b41715fbb3300e0c13f1f.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.<br /></div><div><br /></div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 > <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/22f2607aaca8e8ed9380b2959e4ec5eb42afa786.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>The only thing left is to add up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k - 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>To calculate the above formula quickly one need to precompute factorials for all numbers from 1 to <i>k</i> and they inverse modulo 10<sup>9</sup>+7.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is either <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>)</span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>· <i>log</i>(<i>MOD</i>))</span>, depending on the way of computing inverse values to the factorials.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a bonus for those who made it to the end of the editorial, I'll describe a simple linear time algorithm of finding inverse values for all integers between 1 and <i>N</i> modulo prime number <i>P (P > N). </i>I think it will be useful for those who didn't hear about this trick.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's consider an obvious equality (% means a remainder of division) and perform a few simple operations with it. </div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/d094bac0bba8aa282a01995ced55296849c29936.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a56542ee4f3e43233d63d46d40877d39bcd1608.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/599ae137ce08a44c6fc3df188fb4e637402509df.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/378f5314d9556a5a6e604b357ad6139fbf0e99ff.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><br /></div><div>Thus, in order to compute <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i><sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span> we only need to know <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>P</i>%<i>i</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span>, which is less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>. That means we can compute inverse values successively for all integers between 1 and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>N</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span> time.</div></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/135\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/136\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-996-3367\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"996\",\n blogEntryId: \"3353\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #97</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+87</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/KADR\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\">\n KADR\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\">\n 17\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3377\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (13)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67762\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" title=\"Candidate Master bapcoi\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">bapcoi</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 18:19\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67762\" href=\"?#comment-67762\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67762\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"25344\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67762\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for your editorial, it helps much.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67762\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67800\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5372/avatar/fb0cbb31bfee2468.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" title=\"Pupil taserghar\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">taserghar</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 21:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67800\" href=\"?#comment-67800\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67800\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5372\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67800\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Div 2 Problem E was really a good tricky problem....and I didn't catch that .... :(</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67800\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67855\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2807/avatar/8eda5c4b4f77e28c.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" title=\"Expert Ziklon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Ziklon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 05:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67855\" href=\"?#comment-67855\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67855\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2807\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67855\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">good set :) </div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67855\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67857\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/158/avatar/bd9195c23cd2d848.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" title=\"Specialist AlfaCoding\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlfaCoding</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 06:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67857\" href=\"?#comment-67857\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67857\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"158\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67857\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone tell me how to find a recent blog（may be several weeks ago） that i forget its title and its author？Thanks a lot~:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67857\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67876\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34880/avatar/95eb0e7273add5a8.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" title=\"Pupil drbitboy\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">drbitboy</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 11:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67876\" href=\"?#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67876\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34880\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67876\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for the review!<br /><br />Heh. You sure are right about being careful on 135D Div 1 Cycle.<br /><br />I *thought* I had a O(NM) solution, but I was keeping a vector< set<int> > with a total of something like (NM + some %age) entries, of the 1s and 0s. I finally realized, after reading your approach, which was basically the same as mine, that I was doing almost nothing with the sets once I loaded them up! When I dropped the sets, the submitted code finished within the time limit.<br /><br />Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?<br /><br />What really amazes me is how someone implements this - successfully - during the 2-hour competition. I've been working on it on and off for almost a week and finally had something close this afternoon.<br /><br />Thanks again,</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67876\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67909\" commentParentId=\"67876\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 20:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67909\" href=\"?#comment-67909\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67909\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67909\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\">>Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?</span><br /><div><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\"><br /></span></div><div><font face=\"verdana, arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;\">The complexity is still <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>. One can notice that each '1' can be adjacent to not more than 4 connected components of zeroes. It means that in total we'll process all '1's not more than <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>NM</i></span> times, which is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>.</span></font></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67909\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75368\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 17:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75368\" href=\"?#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75368\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75368\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In the problem Zero-One's editorial one of the statement is<br />"<b>Then the following equality must hold: </b><i><b>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</b>"<br />Why is this so??<br /></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75368\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75377\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8452/avatar/7b374574b05a50df.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" title=\"International Master riadwaw\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">riadwaw</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 18:33\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75377\" href=\"?#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75377\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8452\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75377\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">b+c-x+a+b+c = 2b+2c+(a-x) = a-x = a-x+2x = a+x<div><br /></div><div>We can add 2n for every integer n</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75377\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75412\" commentParentId=\"75377\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:12\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75412\" href=\"?#comment-75412\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75412\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75412\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I meant to ask how to we get that inequality and how can we use it in the given problem.Could you elaborate a bit....</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75412\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75422\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75422\" href=\"?#comment-75422\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75422\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75422\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The number of ones is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i></span>. The number of zeroes is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>)</span>. As it was said in the editorial, the answer is 01 or 10 iff <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i> + 1</span> (depends on parity of n). It means that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + (<i>n</i> <i>mod</i> 2)</span> which is the same as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + ((<i>a</i> + <i>b</i> + <i>c</i>) <i>mod</i> 2)</span>.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75422\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418594\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" title=\"Newbie uprising_rk\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">uprising_rk</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 11:41\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418594\" href=\"?#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418594\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"698222\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418594\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>i am able to understand 136A..plz explain</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418594\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418664\" commentParentId=\"418594\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/419016/avatar/8ddf3c5c2dc6bf44.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" title=\"Expert SummerSky\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">SummerSky</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 18:59\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418664\" href=\"?#comment-418664\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418664\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"419016\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418664\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>(guess that you mean 'unable'...)</p><p>I think this problem means that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person gives a present to the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person, and thus the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person receives a present from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person. Therefore, we can adopt an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span> and set <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>] = <i>i</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is just another positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>), and finally it suffices to output array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418664\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"538515\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/631859/avatar/36d157f91f64fe7f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" title=\"Master roll_no_1\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">roll_no_1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/26/2019 14:45\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-538515\" href=\"?#comment-538515\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"538515\" revisionCount=\"6\" revision=\"6\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">6</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"538515\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"631859\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-538515\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>An easier way to solve Div1 B / Div2 D is to check the following conditions instead:</p> <ul> <li><p>For a rectangle: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 3 conditions:</p> <pre>1. |AB| = |CD|\n\n2. |AC| = |BD|\n\n3. |AD| = |BC|\n\nThe first 2 conditions ensure that it's a parallelogram, and the last condition ensures that it's a rectangle</pre></li> </ul> <ul> <li><p>For a square: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 2 conditions:</p> <pre>1. It is a rectangle, by calling the function used to check for a rectangle.\n\n2. |AB| = |AC|</pre></li> </ul><p>To avoid precision issues, we can compare square of distances instead, which can be computed only using integers. </p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/135/submission/59505930\">Code</a>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-538515\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3377\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 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{document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":674,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"135E"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"135"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"E"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"E. Weak Subsequence"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Weak Subsequence</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>3 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes strings. Recently he has received a voucher to purchase a string as a gift from his mother. The string can be bought in the local shop. One can consider that the shop has all sorts of strings over the alphabet of fixed size. The size of the alphabet is equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>. However, the voucher has a string type limitation: specifically, the voucher can be used to purchase string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> if the length of string's longest substring that is also its weak subsequence (see the definition given below) equals <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span>.</p><p>String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> with the length of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is considered the weak subsequence of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> with the length of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>, if there exists such a set of indexes <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> < <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> < ... < <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub> ≤ <i>m</i></span>, that has the following two properties: </p><ul> <li> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub> = <i>s</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>; </li><li> there exists at least one such <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> < <i>n</i></span>), for which <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i> + 1</sub> – <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub> > 1</span>. </li></ul><p>Petya got interested how many different strings are available for him to purchase in the shop. As the number of strings can be very large, please find it modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000000007</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup> + 7</span>). If there are infinitely many such strings, print \"-1\".</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup></span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">2 ≤ <i>w</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>) — the alphabet size and the required length of the maximum substring that also is the weak subsequence, correspondingly.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the number of strings Petya can buy using the voucher, modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000000007</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup> + 7</span>). If there are infinitely many such strings, print \"-1\" (without the quotes).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1593<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 139<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>717248223<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Petya can buy the following strings: aaa, aab, abab, abb, abba, baa, baab, baba, bba, bbb.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"25610bee87922e4384b600606959e29e\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"69f8f5a45aac49658986222f1044d0c075898041\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Weak Subsequence</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>3 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes strings. Recently he has received a voucher to purchase a string as a gift from his mother. The string can be bought in the local shop. One can consider that the shop has all sorts of strings over the alphabet of fixed size. The size of the alphabet is equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>. However, the voucher has a string type limitation: specifically, the voucher can be used to purchase string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> if the length of string's longest substring that is also its weak subsequence (see the definition given below) equals <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span>.</p><p>String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> with the length of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> is considered the weak subsequence of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> with the length of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span>, if there exists such a set of indexes <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub> < <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub> < ... < <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub> ≤ <i>m</i></span>, that has the following two properties: </p><ul> <li> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub> = <i>s</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>; </li><li> there exists at least one such <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> < <i>n</i></span>), for which <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i> + 1</sub> – <i>i</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub> > 1</span>. </li></ul><p>Petya got interested how many different strings are available for him to purchase in the shop. As the number of strings can be very large, please find it modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000000007</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup> + 7</span>). If there are infinitely many such strings, print "-1".</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">6</sup></span>) and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>w</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">2 ≤ <i>w</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>) — the alphabet size and the required length of the maximum substring that also is the weak subsequence, correspondingly.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the number of strings Petya can buy using the voucher, modulo <span class=\"tex-span\">1000000007</span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup> + 7</span>). If there are infinitely many such strings, print "-1" (without the quotes).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1593<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 139<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>717248223<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Petya can buy the following strings: aaa, aab, abab, abb, abba, baa, baab, baba, bba, bbb.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:37</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='995adc9a4e66db943f0d64d8f2e4c8c3'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Here is the editorial of Codeforces Beta Round #97. If you have any questions or suggestions --- feel free to post them in the comments.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136A - Presents</a> (A Div 2)</h3><div><br /></div><div>In this problem one had to read a permutation and output the inverse permutation to it. It can be found with the following algorithm. When reading the <i>i</i>-th number, which is equal to <i>a</i> one can store <i>i</i> into the <i>a</i>-th element of the resulting array. The only thing left is to output this array.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div> </div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136B - Ternary Logic</a> (B Div 2)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>It is easy to see that the answer is always unique. Let's consider an operation which is opposite to <i>tor</i>. From each ternary digit of <i>c</i> we will subtract a corresponding digit of <i>a</i> and take a result modulo 3. We'll obtain a number <i>b </i>which has the following property: <i>a tor b = c</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>logC</i> + <i>logA</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136C - Replacement</a> (C Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135A - Replacement</a> (A Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>If the largest number in our array is equal to 1 then let's replace it with 2, otherwise let's replace it with 1. After that let's sort the array and output it. It is easy to see that the array obtained in that way is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NlogN</i>)</span>.</div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136D - Rectangle and Square</a> (D Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135B - Rectangle and Square</a> (B Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let's iterate over all partitions of our set of 8 points into two sets of 4 points. We want to check whether the first set forms a square and the second set forms a rectangle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a rectangle one can iterate over all permutations of the last 3 points. Then one need to ensure that every two consecutive sides intersect at a 90 degrees angle. That can be done using the fact that the scalar product of two vectors is equal to 0 iff they intersect at a 90 degrees angle.</div><div><br /></div><div>To check if 4 points lay at the vertexes of a square one can check whether they lay at the vertexes of a rectangle and ensure that two consecutive sides have equal length. </div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/136/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)\">136E - Zero-One</a> (E Div 2)</h3></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135C - Zero-One</a> (C Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>First, let's solve the problem when there are no spoiled cards. Let <i>a</i> be the number of ones and <i>b</i> be the number of zeroes. It is easy to see that if <i>a < b</i> then the outcome is 00, because the first player can always remove ones until they are over, which will happen before the end of the game regardless of the second player's moves. Similarly, if <i>a > b + 1</i> then the outcome is 11.</div><div><br /></div><div>If <i>a = b</i> or <i>a = b + 1</i> then the outcome is either 01 or 10. That's because the first player will always remove ones, because otherwise the outcome will be 00 which is worse than any other outcome for him. Similarly, the second player will always remove zeroes. One may notice that the first player can always remove the first card to the left with 1 written on it, because it won't make the outcome worse for him. Similarly, the second player can always remove the first card to the left with 0 written on it. That means that the last card won't be removed by anyone. Thus is the last card is 1 then the outcome is 01, otherwise it is 10.</div><div><br /></div><div>We've learned how to solve the problem is there are no '?' signs. Now, suppose that the number of ones is <i>a</i>, the number of zeroes is <i>b</i> and the number of question signs is <i>c</i>. To check if the outcome 00 is possible, one can simply replace all question signs with zeroes and use the previous result, i.e. check if <i>a < b + c</i>. Similarly, the outcome 11 is possible is <i>a + c > b + 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's show how to check if the outcome 01 is possible. If the last character of the string is 0, then the string is not possible. If the last character is ? then we can replace it with 1, i.e. decrease <i>c</i> by 1 and increase <i>a</i> by 1. Suppose we want to replace <i>x</i> question signs with one and <i>c - x</i> question signs with zero. Then the following equality must hold: <i>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</i>. Thus, <i>x = (b + c - a + (a + b + c) mod 2) / 2</i>. If the resulting value of x is non-negative and is not greater than c, then the outcome 01 is possible, otherwise it is not possible.</div><div><br /></div><div>We can check if the outcome 10 is possible in the similar way.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span>.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135D - Cycle</a> (D Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>One can notice that the only possible variant of a cool cycle which doesn't have zeroes inside it is a 2x2 square of ones. This case should be checked separately. From this point we'll assume that the cool cycle we are looking for contains at least one '0' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's take any zero from the table. If it is adjacent to another zero by a side or a corner then it can't lay inside a cool cycle which doesn't have any other zeroes inside it. Thus, this zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes adjacent to it. Generalizing this fact one can show that the zero can lay inside a cool cycle only together with all zeroes reachable from it. We'll assume that one zero is reachable from another zero if they can be connected with a path which consists only of zeroes and in which every two consecutive cells share either a side or a corner.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's find all the connected components of zeroes. Two zeroes are connected if they share either a side or a corner. If the component of zeroes has a cell adjacent to a border of the table, then it can't lay inside any cool cycle and thus it should be ignored. After that for each connected component of zeroes let's find all cells with 1, adjacent to it. By the statement all those cells should be connected. Also, each cell from this set should share a common side with exactly two other cells from the set. Note that if the set of cells with '1' satisfy those restrictions, then it forms a cycle which doesn't contain any other cells with '1' inside it.</div><div><br /></div><div>The above algorithm has the complexity <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>, if implemented carefully.</div><div><br /></div><div><h3><a href=\"/contest/135/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)\">135E - Weak Subsequence</a> (E Div 1)</h3></div><div><br /></div><div>Let cool substring be the substring which is also a weak subsequence.</div><div><br /></div><div>The main observation is that the longest cool substring in any string is either its prefix or its suffix. Moreover, if, for example, it is a prefix then it can be found in the following way. Let's start moving from the end of the string towards the beginning and memorize all characters met on our way. We'll stop after some character appear in the second time. The prefix with the end in the position where we stopped is the one we are looking for.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's count the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix. First, we will iterate over the number of characters at the beginning of the string lying before the second appearance of some character. Let this number be <i>t</i>. Obviously, <i>t</i> is not greater than <i>k</i>, because all characters in the prefix of length <i>t</i> are distinct. We need to consider the following two cases:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. After it there are <i>w - 1</i> more characters. One should also consider that the last <i>t</i> characters are distinct, otherwise prefix of length greater than <i>w</i> will be also a weak subsequence. Thus, the corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a2eb66234af0a8c02b885b2c8637e3ea9db0972.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> > <i>w</i> - 1</span>. The first <i>t</i> characters of a resulting string are distinct, then there is a character which was present among the first <i>t</i> characters. The last t characters should be distinct, but at this time the suffix of <i>t</i> characters overlaps with the prefix of <i>t</i> characters. The corresponding summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/adb8a44e035f7b20f63b9da46028272ca375801b.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>After adding up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k</i> we will obtain the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a suffix of length w.</div><div><br /></div><div>Similarly, we can find the number of strings in which the longest cool substring is a prefix. The only difference is that we should make sure that the first <i>t + 1</i> characters of those strings are distinct in order to avoid a double-counting of the strings in which the first and the last t characters are distinct. Considering this the formulas are:</div><div><br /></div><div>1. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 ≤ <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/1c71419cc75aa08ba68b41715fbb3300e0c13f1f.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.<br /></div><div><br /></div><div>2. If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>t</i> + 1 > <i>w</i> - 1</span>, then the summand is equal to <img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/22f2607aaca8e8ed9380b2959e4ec5eb42afa786.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" />.</div><div><br /></div><div>The only thing left is to add up everything for all <i>t</i> from 1 to <i>k - 1</i>.</div><div><br /></div><div>To calculate the above formula quickly one need to precompute factorials for all numbers from 1 to <i>k</i> and they inverse modulo 10<sup>9</sup>+7.</div><div><br /></div><div>The complexity is either <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>)</span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>K</i>· <i>log</i>(<i>MOD</i>))</span>, depending on the way of computing inverse values to the factorials.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a bonus for those who made it to the end of the editorial, I'll describe a simple linear time algorithm of finding inverse values for all integers between 1 and <i>N</i> modulo prime number <i>P (P > N). </i>I think it will be useful for those who didn't hear about this trick.</div><div><br /></div><div>Let's consider an obvious equality (% means a remainder of division) and perform a few simple operations with it. </div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/d094bac0bba8aa282a01995ced55296849c29936.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/8a56542ee4f3e43233d63d46d40877d39bcd1608.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/599ae137ce08a44c6fc3df188fb4e637402509df.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><img align=\"middle\" class=\"tex-formula\" src=\"https://espresso.codeforces.com/378f5314d9556a5a6e604b357ad6139fbf0e99ff.png\" style=\"max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></div><div><br /></div><div>Thus, in order to compute <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i><sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span> we only need to know <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>P</i>%<i>i</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 1</sup></span>, which is less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>. That means we can compute inverse values successively for all integers between 1 and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>N</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>N</i>)</span> time.</div></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/135\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/136\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-996-3367\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"996\",\n blogEntryId: \"3353\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #97</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=beta+round+%2397\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">beta round #97</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+87</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3367\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/KADR\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\">\n KADR\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/10/2011 13:23\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3353#comments\">\n 17\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3377\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (13)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67762\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/bapcoi\" title=\"Candidate Master bapcoi\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">bapcoi</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 18:19\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67762\" href=\"?#comment-67762\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67762\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"1\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"25344\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+1</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67762\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for your editorial, it helps much.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67762 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67762\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67800\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/5372/avatar/fb0cbb31bfee2468.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/taserghar\" title=\"Pupil taserghar\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">taserghar</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/14/2011 21:28\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67800\" href=\"?#comment-67800\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67800\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"5372\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67800\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Div 2 Problem E was really a good tricky problem....and I didn't catch that .... :(</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67800 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67800\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67855\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/2807/avatar/8eda5c4b4f77e28c.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Ziklon\" title=\"Expert Ziklon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Ziklon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 05:11\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67855\" href=\"?#comment-67855\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67855\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"2807\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67855\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">good set :) </div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67855 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67855\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67857\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/158/avatar/bd9195c23cd2d848.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/AlfaCoding\" title=\"Specialist AlfaCoding\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlfaCoding</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 06:16\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67857\" href=\"?#comment-67857\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67857\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"158\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67857\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone tell me how to find a recent blog（may be several weeks ago） that i forget its title and its author？Thanks a lot~:)</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67857 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67857\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67876\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34880/avatar/95eb0e7273add5a8.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/drbitboy\" title=\"Pupil drbitboy\" class=\"rated-user user-green\">drbitboy</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 11:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67876\" href=\"?#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67876\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34880\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67876\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Thanks for the review!<br /><br />Heh. You sure are right about being careful on 135D Div 1 Cycle.<br /><br />I *thought* I had a O(NM) solution, but I was keeping a vector< set<int> > with a total of something like (NM + some %age) entries, of the 1s and 0s. I finally realized, after reading your approach, which was basically the same as mine, that I was doing almost nothing with the sets once I loaded them up! When I dropped the sets, the submitted code finished within the time limit.<br /><br />Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?<br /><br />What really amazes me is how someone implements this - successfully - during the 2-hour competition. I've been working on it on and off for almost a week and finally had something close this afternoon.<br /><br />Thanks again,</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67876 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67876\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"67909\" commentParentId=\"67876\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/15/2011 20:00\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-67909\" href=\"?#comment-67909\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-67876\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"67909\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-67909\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\">>Also, isn't the complexity is more like O( (NM)^1.x ), because each '1' may bound more than one of each set of connected 0s?</span><br /><div><span style=\"font-family: verdana , arial , sans-serif;font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;background-color: rgb(255,255,255);\"><br /></span></div><div><font face=\"verdana, arial, sans-serif\"><span style=\"font-size: 12.0px;line-height: 20.0px;\">The complexity is still <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>. One can notice that each '1' can be adjacent to not more than 4 connected components of zeroes. It means that in total we'll process all '1's not more than <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>NM</i></span> times, which is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>NM</i>)</span>.</span></font></div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-67909 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-67909\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75368\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 17:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75368\" href=\"?#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75368\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75368\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In the problem Zero-One's editorial one of the statement is<br />"<b>Then the following equality must hold: </b><i><b>x + a = b + c - x + (a + b + c) mod 2</b>"<br />Why is this so??<br /></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75368 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75368\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75377\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/8452/avatar/7b374574b05a50df.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/riadwaw\" title=\"International Master riadwaw\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">riadwaw</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 18:33\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75377\" href=\"?#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75377\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"8452\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75377\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">b+c-x+a+b+c = 2b+2c+(a-x) = a-x = a-x+2x = a+x<div><br /></div><div>We can add 2n for every integer n</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75377 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75377\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75412\" commentParentId=\"75377\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/23523/avatar/db14eeb7ddf66e49.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/phantom11\" title=\"Expert phantom11\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">phantom11</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:12\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75412\" href=\"?#comment-75412\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75377\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75412\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"23523\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75412\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I meant to ask how to we get that inequality and how can we use it in the given problem.Could you elaborate a bit....</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75412 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75412\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"75422\" commentParentId=\"75368\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/KADR\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1028/avatar/9089397f80c0fe42.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/KADR\" title=\"Master KADR\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">KADR</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/20/2012 20:30\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-75422\" href=\"?#comment-75422\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-75368\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"75422\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1028\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-75422\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">The number of ones is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i></span>. The number of zeroes is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>)</span>. As it was said in the editorial, the answer is 01 or 10 iff <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i></span> or <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>ones</i> = <i>the</i> <i>number</i> <i>of</i> <i>zeroes</i> + 1</span> (depends on parity of n). It means that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + (<i>n</i> <i>mod</i> 2)</span> which is the same as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i> + <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> + (<i>c</i> - <i>x</i>) + ((<i>a</i> + <i>b</i> + <i>c</i>) <i>mod</i> 2)</span>.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-75422 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-75422\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418594\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/uprising_rk\" title=\"Newbie uprising_rk\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">uprising_rk</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 11:41\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418594\" href=\"?#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418594\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"698222\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418594\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>i am able to understand 136A..plz explain</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418594 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418594\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"418664\" commentParentId=\"418594\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/419016/avatar/8ddf3c5c2dc6bf44.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/SummerSky\" title=\"Expert SummerSky\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">SummerSky</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Mar/06/2018 18:59\">6 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-418664\" href=\"?#comment-418664\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-418594\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"418664\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"419016\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-418664\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>(guess that you mean 'unable'...)</p><p>I think this problem means that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person gives a present to the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person, and thus the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>-th person receives a present from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th person. Therefore, we can adopt an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span> and set <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>] = <i>i</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> is just another positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>), and finally it suffices to output array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i>[<i>n</i>]</span>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-418664 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-418664\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"538515\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/631859/avatar/36d157f91f64fe7f.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/roll_no_1\" title=\"Master roll_no_1\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">roll_no_1</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/26/2019 14:45\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-538515\" href=\"?#comment-538515\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"538515\" revisionCount=\"6\" revision=\"6\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">6</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"538515\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"631859\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-538515\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>An easier way to solve Div1 B / Div2 D is to check the following conditions instead:</p> <ul> <li><p>For a rectangle: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 3 conditions:</p> <pre>1. |AB| = |CD|\n\n2. |AC| = |BD|\n\n3. |AD| = |BC|\n\nThe first 2 conditions ensure that it's a parallelogram, and the last condition ensures that it's a rectangle</pre></li> </ul> <ul> <li><p>For a square: Fix the 4 vertices as $$$A, B, C$$$ and $$$D$$$. Now, we have to check the following 2 conditions:</p> <pre>1. It is a rectangle, by calling the function used to check for a rectangle.\n\n2. |AB| = |AC|</pre></li> </ul><p>To avoid precision issues, we can compare square of distances instead, which can be computed only using integers. </p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/135/submission/59505930\">Code</a>.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-538515 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-538515\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n <br/>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"editBox-3377\" style=\"width:50em;display:none;\">\r\n <div class=\"previewBody\" style=\"border: 1px solid #d4d4d4; margin-bottom: 0.5em; padding: 0.25em; display:none;\"> </div>\r\n <div style=\"width: 1px\"> </div>\r\n <div class=\"commentLocale\" style=\"position: relative; top: 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{document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body>\n</html>\n"}}},{"rowIdx":675,"cells":{"problem_id":{"kind":"string","value":"136A"},"contest":{"kind":"string","value":"136"},"problem":{"kind":"string","value":"A"},"lang":{"kind":"string","value":"en"},"problem_title":{"kind":"string","value":"A. Presents"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Presents</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes gifts. Recently he has received a new laptop as a New Year gift from his mother. He immediately decided to give it to somebody else as what can be more pleasant than giving somebody gifts. And on this occasion he organized a New Year party at his place and invited <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> his friends there.</p><p>If there's one thing Petya likes more that receiving gifts, that's watching others giving gifts to somebody else. Thus, he safely hid the laptop until the next New Year and made up his mind to watch his friends exchanging gifts while he does not participate in the process. He numbered all his friends with integers from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. Petya remembered that a friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> gave a gift to a friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>. He also remembered that each of his friends received exactly one gift.</p><p>Now Petya wants to know for each friend <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> the number of a friend who has given him a gift.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains one integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 100</span>) — the quantity of friends Petya invited to the party. The second line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th number is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> — the number of a friend who gave a gift to friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>. It is guaranteed that each friend received exactly one gift. It is possible that some friends do not share Petya's ideas of giving gifts to somebody else. Those friends gave the gifts to themselves.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th number should equal the number of the friend who gave a gift to friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4<br/>2 3 4 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4 1 2 3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br/>1 3 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 3 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2<br/>1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"0b8d99b0df02e63238ab4fdc9c5c0a23\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fe37256c9859c9bbbc55bd87d1042eca2c37bc07\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/136\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3336\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"343:344\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3352\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"926\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"927:928\" resourceName=\"Tutorial #2\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const nodeToText = function (node, pre) {\r\n let result = [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"SCRIPT\" || node.tagName === \"math\"\r\n || (node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === 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return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_b86abe8294db2b6b24d597f00a3894f7320b60d1\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Presents</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes gifts. Recently he has received a new laptop as a New Year gift from his mother. He immediately decided to give it to somebody else as what can be more pleasant than giving somebody gifts. And on this occasion he organized a New Year party at his place and invited <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> his friends there.</p><p>If there's one thing Petya likes more that receiving gifts, that's watching others giving gifts to somebody else. Thus, he safely hid the laptop until the next New Year and made up his mind to watch his friends exchanging gifts while he does not participate in the process. He numbered all his friends with integers from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. Petya remembered that a friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> gave a gift to a friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>. He also remembered that each of his friends received exactly one gift.</p><p>Now Petya wants to know for each friend <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> the number of a friend who has given him a gift.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains one integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 100</span>) — the quantity of friends Petya invited to the party. The second line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th number is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> — the number of a friend who gave a gift to friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>. It is guaranteed that each friend received exactly one gift. It is possible that some friends do not share Petya's ideas of giving gifts to somebody else. Those friends gave the gifts to themselves.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th number should equal the number of the friend who gave a gift to friend number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>4<br />2 3 4 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4 1 2 3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br />1 3 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 3 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2<br />1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2<br 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: 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dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='916c2e9cc1edf26810813c0fb9bfcd53'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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(ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121650\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\"> <p>Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><img alt=\"logo\" src=\"/predownloaded/e3/33/e333915aebea955b43b4ad17845f6dbf58875a0c.png\" style=\"float: right;height: 100.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p>Sugeng enjing, <strong>Codeforces</strong>! 🥰🥰🥰🥰</p><p>COMPFEST 15 is happy to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1876\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1877\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1876\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=8&month=10&year=2023&hour=12&min=5&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Oct/08/2023 12:05 (Moscow time)</span></a>. Both rounds will be <strong>rated</strong>. You will be given <strong>2 hours and 30 minutes</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><h2><strong>Note the unusual time of the round</strong>.</h2><p>The problems are written by <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\">Pyqe</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a>.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/KAN\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>AN</a> for helping to host the round;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ScarletS\" title=\"Master ScarletS\">ScarletS</a> for the based coordination;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gansixeneh\" title=\"Candidate Master gansixeneh\">gansixeneh</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a> for helping with the problem preparation;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/CyberSleeper\" title=\"Expert CyberSleeper\">CyberSleeper</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Edbert.H\" title=\"Expert Edbert.H\">Edbert.H</a> for providing alternate solutions in the early stages;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for writing the Russian translations;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Aaeria\" title=\"Master Aaeria\">Aaeria</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AMnu\" title=\"Expert AMnu\">AMnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Berted\" title=\"Master Berted\">Berted</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/buffering\" title=\"Specialist buffering\">buffering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Drew_\" title=\"Master Drew_\">Drew_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/dorijanlendvaj\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster dorijanlendvaj\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">d</span>orijanlendvaj</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/eggag32\" title=\"Master eggag32\">eggag32</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Elben85\" title=\"Candidate Master Elben85\">Elben85</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/emorgan5289\" title=\"International Grandmaster emorgan5289\">emorgan5289</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/faustaadp\" title=\"Master faustaadp\">faustaadp</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ffao\" title=\"International Grandmaster ffao\">ffao</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/gamegame\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster gamegame\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">g</span>amegame</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\">hocky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Insta-x\" title=\"Expert Insta-x\">Insta-x</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/jdurie\" title=\"Grandmaster jdurie\">jdurie</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/joelgun14\" title=\"Master joelgun14\">joelgun14</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/KerakTelor\" title=\"Candidate Master KerakTelor\">KerakTelor</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Marky\" title=\"Expert Marky\">Marky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Murinh0\" title=\"Expert Murinh0\">Murinh0</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/nvmdava\" title=\"Grandmaster nvmdava\">nvmdava</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/nyab\" title=\"Master nyab\">nyab</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Owmicron\" title=\"Master Owmicron\">Owmicron</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/prvocislo\" title=\"Grandmaster prvocislo\">prvocislo</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/PurpleCrayon\" title=\"International Grandmaster PurpleCrayon\">PurpleCrayon</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/rama_pang\" title=\"Grandmaster rama_pang\">rama_pang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/TakeMe\" title=\"Expert TakeMe\">TakeMe</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/sahil_k\" title=\"Expert sahil_k\">sahil_k</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/user202729_\" title=\"International Grandmaster user202729_\">user202729_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/WHCPP\" title=\"Pupil WHCPP\">WHCPP</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ZeroScar\" title=\"Candidate Master ZeroScar\">ZeroScar</a> for testing the contest and providing us very useful feedback;</li> <li>Universitas Indonesia, all the local committees, administrators, and managers of the whole COMPFEST event;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Codeforces and Polygon platform!</li> </ul><p>COMPFEST itself is an annual event hosted by Universitas Indonesia. It is the largest student-run IT event in Indonesia and competitive programming contest is one of the competitions hosted.</p><p>We hope you will enjoy and have fun in the contest. Muga-muga beja lan isa entuk biji apik!! 💪💪🔥🔥</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1876\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1877\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-118490-121650\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"118490\",\n blogEntryId: \"121025\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+359</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n.ComplaintFrame {\n display: inline-block;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0;\n right: -1.4em;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a {\n text-decoration: none;\n color: #ff8c00;\n opacity: 0.5;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a:hover {\n opacity: 1;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup p,\n._ComplaintFrame_popup button {\n 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of complaintReasons) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", complaintReason.id);\n $li.find(\"span\")\n .html(getLocalizedName(complaintReason)\n + \" <i class=\\\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\\\" title=\\\"\"\n + getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason)\n + \"\\\"></i>\")\n .attr(\"title\", getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n if (complaint && complaint.complaintReasonId === complaintReason.id) {\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"checked\", \"checked\");\n }\n $li.find(\".clickable-title\").click(function () {\n alert(getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n return false;\n }).css(\"position\", \"relative\").css(\"bottom\", \"1px\").css(\"font-size\", \"12px\");\n }\n\n if (complaint) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", 0);\n $li.find(\"span\").html(\"Delete complaint\");\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n }\n\n $popup.find(\"._ComplaintFrame_submitForm\").submit(function () {\n const complaintReasonId = $popup.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]:checked\").val();\n if (complaintReasonId === undefined) {\n alert(\"Please select complaint reason\");\n return false;\n }\n\n $.post(\"/data/complaint\", {\n action: \"newComplaint\",\n targetClass: targetClass,\n targetId: targetId,\n complaintReasonId: complaintReasonId\n }, function (response) {\n if (response.success === \"true\") {\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Complaint has been created\");\n $.facebox.close();\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n}); </script>\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\">\n Pyqe\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\">\n 41\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n function adjustTopicComplainFrames() {\r\n let topicIds = [];\r\n\r\n $(\".has-topic-id\").each(function () {\r\n const $this = $(this);\r\n const topicId = $this.attr(\"topicId\");\r\n if (topicId) {\r\n topicIds.push(topicId);\r\n }\r\n });\r\n\r\n $.post(\"/data/topics\", {\r\n action: \"findComplainableTopicIds\",\r\n topicIds: topicIds.join(\",\")\r\n }, function (json) {\r\n if (json[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n for (const topicId of json[\"complainableTopicIds\"].split(\",\")) {\r\n $(\".has-topic-id[topicId=\" + topicId + \"]\").each(function () {\r\n $(this).find(\".meta .ComplaintFrame\").css(\"display\", \"inline-block\");\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n $(function () {\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121739\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114\"> <p>Codeforces Command Lines (2023-10-06)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Vladosiya</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121739/en7\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>We've compiled a list of command lines that Codeforces uses to compile and run solutions in various languages and compilers.</p><p>It is up-to-date as of today (2023-10-06), and we will make efforts to keep it current in the future, but this is not guaranteed.</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121114\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-73866-121739\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"73866\",\n blogEntryId: \"121114\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compilers\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compilers</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compiler+options\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compiler options</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=languages\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">languages</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+235</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\">\n Vladosiya\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\">\n 8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121449\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824\"> <p>Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I'm pleased to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1874\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1875\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a>. It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1874\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=30&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/30/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. It also means, the National Day of China arrives during the round. Wish you a nice vacation! 🎉🎉🎉</p><p>For both divisions, you will have <strong>3 hours</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his wonderful coordination.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for Russian translation and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for helping us with Russian clarifications.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\">GeZhiyuan</a> for providing all the problems and "a few" rejected problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SanweiTreap\" title=\"Grandmaster SanweiTreap\">SanweiTreap</a> for helping me prepare the problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/wangziji\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster wangziji\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">w</span>angziji</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/flowerletter\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster flowerletter\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>lowerletter</a> for Legendary Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sjcsjcsjc\" title=\"International Grandmaster sjcsjcsjc\">sjcsjcsjc</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/He_Ren\" title=\"International Grandmaster He_Ren\">He_Ren</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GaryZ005\" title=\"International Grandmaster GaryZ005\">GaryZ005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/platelet\" title=\"International Grandmaster platelet\">platelet</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/thenymphsofdelphi\" title=\"International Grandmaster thenymphsofdelphi\">thenymphsofdelphi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DerekFeng\" title=\"International Grandmaster DerekFeng\">DerekFeng</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Juanzhang\" title=\"International Grandmaster Juanzhang\">Juanzhang</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ttklwxx\" title=\"International Grandmaster ttklwxx\">ttklwxx</a> for International Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/juju527\" title=\"Grandmaster juju527\">juju527</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zimpha\" title=\"Grandmaster zimpha\">zimpha</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/765\" title=\"Grandmaster 765\">765</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/xuanquang1999\" title=\"Grandmaster xuanquang1999\">xuanquang1999</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/CrTsIr\" title=\"Grandmaster CrTsIr\">CrTsIr</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/EasonTAO\" title=\"Grandmaster EasonTAO\">EasonTAO</a> for Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/SATSKY\" title=\"Master SATSKY\">SATSKY</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/lanhf\" title=\"Master lanhf\">lanhf</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hank2019\" title=\"Master Hank2019\">Hank2019</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yakumo_Ran\" title=\"Master Yakumo_Ran\">Yakumo_Ran</a> for Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DaniraSilla\" title=\"Candidate Master DaniraSilla\">DaniraSilla</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/kriepiekrollie\" title=\"Candidate Master kriepiekrollie\">kriepiekrollie</a> for Candidate Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/raulandreipop\" title=\"Expert raulandreipop\">raulandreipop</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/micho\" title=\"Expert micho\">micho</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/alwyn\" title=\"Expert alwyn\">alwyn</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ArgintLaAnu\" title=\"Expert ArgintLaAnu\">ArgintLaAnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/IssamOtoz\" title=\"Expert IssamOtoz\">IssamOtoz</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/jakao\" title=\"Expert jakao\">jakao</a> for Expert Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/CLown1331\" title=\"Pupil CLown1331\">CLown1331</a> for Pupil Testing.</p></li> <li><p>You for participating the round.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</p></li> </ul><p>Especially, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his great contribution to the round, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a> for providing user solutions for all the problems, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> for making the announcement and tutorial more readable.</p><p>Finally and most importantly, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> for helping me with everything patiently all the time. This round can't happen without him.</p><p>The main character of the problems will be Jellyfish, a sweet little girl. 🍏🍏🍏</p><p>Score distribution:</p> <ul> <li><p>Div.1: $$$500$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$1500$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$ − $$$4000$$$ − $$$5000$$$</p></li> <li><p>Div.2: $$$500$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$2000$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$</p></li> </ul><p>Good Luck & Have Fun! 🔥🔥🔥</p><p><strong>UPD1:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120943\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p><strong>UPD2:</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Qingyu\" title=\"International Grandmaster Qingyu\">Qingyu</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/amiya\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster amiya\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>miya</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/RollingPanda\" title=\"Newbie RollingPanda\">RollingPanda</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/WanYuanShenWanDe\" title=\"Newbie WanYuanShenWanDe\">WanYuanShenWanDe</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/H_stove\" title=\"Grandmaster H_stove\">H_stove</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ooOAM\" title=\"Grandmaster ooOAM\">ooOAM</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Salley-Garden\" title=\"Master Salley-Garden\">Salley-Garden</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/i_will_be_less_than_blue\" title=\"Grandmaster i_will_be_less_than_blue\">i_will_be_less_than_blue</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a> (after the contest)</p></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Azaml\" title=\"Expert Azaml\">Azaml</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Shirotsume\" title=\"Expert Shirotsume\">Shirotsume</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/viveksingh912\" title=\"Newbie viveksingh912\">viveksingh912</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/kaiboy\" title=\"Newbie kaiboy\">kaiboy</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></div></div></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120824\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1874\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1875\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-238039-121449\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"238039\",\n blogEntryId: \"120824\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+165</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\">\n GeZhiyuan\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\">\n 231\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121303\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678\"> <p>Codeforces Round #900 (Div. 3)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Specialist AlphaMale06\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlphaMale06</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a> and I are glad to invite you to the <a href=\"/contest/1878\" title=\"Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1878\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=26&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/26/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a></p><p>You will be given <strong>7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours and 15 minutes</strong> to solve them.</p><p>Note that the <strong>penalty</strong> for the wrong submission in this round is <strong>10 minutes</strong>.</p><p>Also note that there will be a <strong>12 hour open hacking phase</strong> after the round.</p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/59228\">Remember</a>, that only the <em>trusted participants of the third division</em> will be included in the official standings table. As it is written by link, this is a compulsory measure for combating unsporting behavior. To qualify as a <em>trusted participant of the third division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them)</li> <li>do not have a point of 1900 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the third division or not, if your rating is less than 1600, the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Problems have been created and prepared by <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Expert AlphaMale06\">AlphaMale06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>.</p><p>We would also to thank:</p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for the amazing coordination and help with preparing a balanced problemset, and for giving us the opportunity to create a Div. 3 round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Polygon and Codeforces platforms.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/JovanB\" title=\"Grandmaster JovanB\">JovanB</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/abc864197532\" title=\"International Grandmaster abc864197532\">abc864197532</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sevlll777\" title=\"Grandmaster sevlll777\">sevlll777</a> for red testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/n0sk1ll\" title=\"Master n0sk1ll\">n0sk1ll</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/allllekssssa\" title=\"Master allllekssssa\">allllekssssa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/misorin\" title=\"International Master misorin\">misorin</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hyperbolic\" title=\"International Master Hyperbolic\">Hyperbolic</a> for yellow testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DAleksa\" title=\"Candidate Master DAleksa\">DAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ljuba\" title=\"Candidate Master ljuba\">ljuba</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex.kudryashov\" title=\"Candidate Master alex.kudryashov\">alex.kudryashov</a> for purple testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MihailoT\" title=\"Expert MihailoT\">MihailoT</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/SashaT9\" title=\"Expert SashaT9\">SashaT9</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ELDRVD\" title=\"Expert ELDRVD\">ELDRVD</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Chrisedyong\" title=\"Expert Chrisedyong\">Chrisedyong</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/tryptophan\" title=\"Expert tryptophan\">tryptophan</a> for blue testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Andrijanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Andrijanikolic73\">Andrijanikolic73</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Mihajlo18\" title=\"Specialist Mihajlo18\">Mihajlo18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/UrosNedic\" title=\"Specialist UrosNedic\">UrosNedic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Klaus26\" title=\"Specialist Klaus26\">Klaus26</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Escaquejant\" title=\"Specialist Escaquejant\">Escaquejant</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/smax294\" title=\"Specialist smax294\">smax294</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/max0n\" title=\"Specialist max0n\">max0n</a> for cyan testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Budimmm\" title=\"Newbie Budimmm\">Budimmm</a> for gray testing</li> </ol><p>Also a very special thanks to the most dedicated tester I have ever seen, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>.</p><p>I wish you luck, and hope you like the problems and learn from them.</p><p>Update: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120813\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p>Congratulations to the winners:</p><p>Unofficial:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SSerxhs\" title=\"International Grandmaster SSerxhs\">SSerxhs</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/neal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster neal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>eal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/risujiroh\" title=\"International Grandmaster risujiroh\">risujiroh</a></p></li> </ol><p>Official:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/hackerjohn\" title=\"Specialist hackerjohn\">hackerjohn</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/wahb\" title=\"Specialist wahb\">wahb</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/kutcoder\" title=\"Specialist kutcoder\">kutcoder</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Sxy_Limit\" title=\"Specialist Sxy_Limit\">Sxy_Limit</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/not_rainboy\" title=\"Pupil not_rainboy\">not_rainboy</a></p></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120678\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1878\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-269459-121303\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"269459\",\n blogEntryId: \"120678\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+192</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\">\n AlphaMale06\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\">\n 347\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121269\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\"> <p>Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121269/en9\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I am pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1882\" title=\"Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>, which will be held on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1882\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=25&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/25/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>All problems were written and prepared by me.</p><p>You will be given <strong>5 problems, and one of them is divided into two subtasks</strong>. You will have <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/irkstepanov\" title=\"International Master irkstepanov\">irkstepanov</a> for excellent coordination and Russian translation!</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for providing useful feedbacks.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a> for helping me much with one problem of the contest.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ko_osaga\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ko_osaga\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">k</span>o_osaga</a> for Nutella testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/leinad2\" title=\"Grandmaster leinad2\">leinad2</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Numbering\" title=\"Grandmaster Numbering\">Numbering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/qwerasdfzxcl\" title=\"International Grandmaster qwerasdfzxcl\">qwerasdfzxcl</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for Red testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kaling\" title=\"Master Kaling\">Kaling</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Mingyu331\" title=\"Master Mingyu331\">Mingyu331</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/chaeyihwan\" title=\"International Master chaeyihwan\">chaeyihwan</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\" title=\"International Master Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\">Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/azberjibiou\" title=\"International Master azberjibiou\">azberjibiou</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/mjhmjh1104\" title=\"Master mjhmjh1104\">mjhmjh1104</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DELTARUNE\" title=\"Master DELTARUNE\">DELTARUNE</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wuhudsm\" title=\"Master wuhudsm\">wuhudsm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/hypergraph_coloring\" title=\"International Master hypergraph_coloring\">hypergraph_coloring</a> for Orange testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/unordered_map\" title=\"Candidate Master unordered_map\">unordered_map</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex0211\" title=\"Candidate Master alex0211\">alex0211</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gs20036\" title=\"Candidate Master gs20036\">gs20036</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/namolbbaemi\" title=\"Candidate Master namolbbaemi\">namolbbaemi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/eeeDA\" title=\"Candidate Master eeeDA\">eeeDA</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nlog\" title=\"Candidate Master nlog\">nlog</a> for Purple testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/andyandy\" title=\"Expert andyandy\">andyandy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/JaewonOh\" title=\"Expert JaewonOh\">JaewonOh</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/KongUm\" title=\"Expert KongUm\">KongUm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Coruncanius\" title=\"Expert Coruncanius\">Coruncanius</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ez_code\" title=\"Expert ez_code\">ez_code</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/fs_edge\" title=\"Expert fs_edge\">fs_edge</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/chromate00\" title=\"Expert chromate00\">chromate00</a> for Blue testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Hanlana18\" title=\"Newbie Hanlana18\">Hanlana18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/papergundam\" title=\"Newbie papergundam\">papergundam</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sjmjys954646\" title=\"Newbie sjmjys954646\">sjmjys954646</a> for Gray testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for great Polygon and Codeforces platforms!</p></li> <li><p>And last but not least, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"https://codeforces.com/profile/\">You</a> for participating in the round!</p></li> </ul><p>Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - (2000 + 2000)$$$</p><p>Good luck and enjoy the round!</p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120792\">Editorial</a> is out. </p><p><strong>UPD2</strong>: Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Official Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Lycorisqwq\" title=\"Expert Lycorisqwq\">Lycorisqwq</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/zepto\" title=\"Unrated, zepto\">zepto</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/vjudge39\" title=\"Unrated, vjudge39\">vjudge39</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Beelzebub_blue\" title=\"Candidate Master Beelzebub_blue\">Beelzebub_blue</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/_t_W_\" title=\"Candidate Master _t_W_\">_t_W_</a></li> </ol><p><strong>Official + Unofficial Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/antontrygubO_o\" title=\"International Grandmaster antontrygubO_o\">antontrygubO_o</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KumaTachiRen\" title=\"Master KumaTachiRen\">KumaTachiRen</a></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1882\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-272374-121269\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"272374\",\n blogEntryId: \"120644\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+524</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/windva\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/windva\">\n windva\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\">\n 188\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691\"> <p>Educational Codeforces Round 155 [Rated for Div. 2]</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121316/en5\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p>On <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1879\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=24&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/24/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a> <a href=\"/contest/1879\" title=\"Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> will start.</p><p>Series of Educational Rounds continue being held as <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> initiative! You can read the details about the cooperation between <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> and Codeforces in the <a href=\"https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/51208\">blog post</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated for the participants with rating lower than 2100</strong>. It will be held on extended ICPC rules. The penalty for each incorrect submission until the submission with a full solution is 10 minutes. After the end of the contest, you will have 12 hours to hack any solution you want. You will have access to copy any solution and test it locally.</p><p>You will be given <strong>6 or 7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>The problems were invented and prepared by Adilbek <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/adedalic\" title=\"International Master adedalic\">adedalic</a> Dalabaev, Ivan <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\">BledDest</a> Androsov, Maksim <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Neon\" title=\"Candidate Master Neon\">Neon</a> Mescheryakov, Roman <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Roms\" title=\"Master Roms\">Roms</a> Glazov and me. Also, huge thanks to Mike <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> Mirzayanov for great systems Polygon and Codeforces.</p><p>Good luck to all the participants!</p><p>Our friends at Harbour.Space also have a message for you:</p> <center><img alt=\"Harbour.Space\" src=\"/predownloaded/29/a4/29a4884273346021dec6559e9785af37a662cc56.png\" style=\"height: 200.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></center> <center style=\"margin: 1.0em;\"><b>FULLY FUNDED SCHOLARSHIPS for Masters in Data Science and Computer Science </b></center><p><em>Scholarships for Master's students in <a href=\"https://harbour.space/computer-science\">Computer Science</a> and <a href=\"https://harbour.space/data-science\">Data Science</a> are available in <a href=\"https://harbour.space\">Harbour.Space University</a> Barcelona campus!</em> </p><p><strong>Scholarship Summary:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>Fully funded scholarship (29.900 €/year) to study a Master’s degree in Data Science or Computer Science for two years</em></li> <li><em>Successful applicants will become part of the University’s “Talent pool” and will be shown to the sponsoring companies. In case the candidate is picked for the Work&Study Program from our industry partner, the student starts an internship with a commitment to study 3 hours/day and work for 4 hour/day</em></li> </ul><p><em>Please note preselected candidates will be requested to pay a non-refundable application fee of 85€ to study at Harbour.Space University.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s commitment:</strong></em></p><p><em>You will complete 15 modules (each three weeks long) in one year. The daily class workload is 3 hours, plus homework to complete in your own time.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s requirements:</strong></em> </p> <ul> <li><em>Bachelor's degree in the field of Mathematics, Statistics, Data Science, Computer Science or similar</em></li> <li><em>English proficiency</em></li> <li><em>Advanced knowledge and experience in Python, SQL, Spark/Scala, and bash</em></li> <li><em>Experienced use of Big Data technologies: Spark, HDFS, Kafka, etc.</em></li> <li><em>Hands-on experience with Data Science techniques: feature engineering,</em></li> <li><em>Strong ML knowledge</em></li> <li><em>Strong Software Engineering Background</em></li> <li><em>Problem-solving aptitude</em></li> </ul> <center style=\"margin: 2.5em;\"> <a href=\"https://harbour.space/account/apply-process?utm_source=codeforces&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=bcn_b2b\" style=\"text-decoration: none;font-size: 14.0px;background-color: rgb(98,91,183);color: white;font-weight: bold;padding: 0.5em 1.0em;\">Apply here →</a> </center><p><strong>UPD:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120773\">Editorial is out</a> </p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120691\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1879\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-42750-121316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"42750\",\n blogEntryId: \"120691\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+245</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/awoo\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/awoo\">\n awoo\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\">\n 189\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121227\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602\"> <p>Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\" title=\"Candidate Master mesanu\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">mesanu</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121227/en2\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and I want to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1873\" title=\"Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1873\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=21&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/21/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>The format of the event will be identical to Div. 3 rounds:</p> <ul> <li>5-8 tasks;</li> <li>ICPC rules with a penalty of 10 minutes for an incorrect submission;</li> <li>12-hour phase of open hacks after the end of the round (hacks do not give additional points)</li> <li>after the end of the open hacking phase, all solutions will be tested on the updated set of tests, and the ratings recalculated</li> <li>by default, only "trusted" participants are shown in the results table (but the rating will be recalculated for all with initial ratings less than 1400 or you are an unrated participant/newcomer).</li> </ul><p>We urge participants whose rating is 1400+ not to register new accounts for the purpose of narcissism but to take part unofficially. Please do not spoil the contest for the official participants.</p><p>Only <em>trusted participants of the fourth division</em> will be included in the official standings table. This is a forced measure for combating unsporting behaviour. To qualify as <em>a trusted participant of the fourth division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them),</li> <li>do not have a point of 1400 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the fourth division or not, if your rating is less than 1400 (or you are a newcomer/unrated), then the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Many thanks to the testers: <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Gheal\" title=\"Master Gheal\">Gheal</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Phantom_Performer\" title=\"Master Phantom_Performer\">Phantom_Performer</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KrowSavcik\" title=\"Master KrowSavcik\">KrowSavcik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/haochenkang\" title=\"Specialist haochenkang\">haochenkang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/sandry24\" title=\"Specialist sandry24\">sandry24</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/NintsiChkhaidze\" title=\"Candidate Master NintsiChkhaidze\">NintsiChkhaidze</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/erekle\" title=\"International Master erekle\">erekle</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Dominater069\" title=\"Grandmaster Dominater069\">Dominater069</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MADE_IN_HEAVEN\" title=\"Expert MADE_IN_HEAVEN\">MADE_IN_HEAVEN</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Qualified\" title=\"Expert Qualified\">Qualified</a>.</p><p>We suggest reading all of the problems and hope you will find them interesting!</p><p><strong>Good Luck!</strong></p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120634\">Editorial is out!</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120602\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1873\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-188642-121227\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"188642\",\n blogEntryId: \"120602\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+200</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\">\n mesanu\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\">\n 179\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121083\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458\"> <p>CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\" title=\"Grandmaster glebustim\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">glebustim</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121083/en8\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3>Hello, Codeforces!</h3><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SomethingNew\" title=\"International Grandmaster SomethingNew\">SomethingNew</a> and I are glad to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1870\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a>, which will take place on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1870\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=18&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/18/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. You will have 2 hours 15 minutes to solve 8 problems. The round will be rated for everyone.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/74TrAkToR\" title=\"International Master 74TrAkToR\">74TrAkToR</a> for coordinating this round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/isaf27\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster isaf27\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>saf27</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ugly2333\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ugly2333\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">u</span>gly2333</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DataStructures\" title=\"Grandmaster DataStructures\">DataStructures</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Little09\" title=\"International Grandmaster Little09\">Little09</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kieray\" title=\"Master Kieray\">Kieray</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Dart-Xeyter\" title=\"International Master Dart-Xeyter\">Dart-Xeyter</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/meowcneil\" title=\"Master meowcneil\">meowcneil</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/127.0.0.1\" title=\"Master 127.0.0.1\">127.0.0.1</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Nanani\" title=\"Candidate Master Nanani\">Nanani</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nnv-nick\" title=\"Candidate Master nnv-nick\">nnv-nick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/SomethingDifferent\" title=\"Candidate Master SomethingDifferent\">SomethingDifferent</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/vl342\" title=\"Expert vl342\">vl342</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/shiv_codegen\" title=\"Expert shiv_codegen\">shiv_codegen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/M1lkas\" title=\"Specialist M1lkas\">M1lkas</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/allmath\" title=\"Pupil allmath\">allmath</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sdyakonov\" title=\"Newbie sdyakonov\">sdyakonov</a> for testing the round and providing useful feedback.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</li> </ul><h4><strong>Score distribution:</strong></h4><p>500 — 750 — 1500 — 1750 — 2750 — 3250 — 3250 — 4000</p><p>We hope that our problems will be interesting for you!</p><h4><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120524\">Editorial</a></h4><p><strong>Congratulations to the winners!</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/emptyhope\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster emptyhope\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">e</span>mptyhope</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maspy\" title=\"International Grandmaster maspy\">maspy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/AoLiGei\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster AoLiGei\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">A</span>oLiGei</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/noimi\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster noimi\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>oimi</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></li> </ol><p>And here is the information from our title sponsor:</p><p><img src=\"/predownloaded/ce/9f/ce9f87d5c429f47e7691bef3a8934ebf36af3f15.jpg\" style=\"width: 250.0px;float: right;margin: 0 1.0em 1.0em 1.0em;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p><em>Hello, Codeforces!</em></p><p><em>We, the <a href=\"https://ton.org/\">TON Foundation</a> team, are pleased to support CodeTON Round 6.</em></p><p><em>The Open Network (TON) is a fully decentralized layer-1 blockchain designed to onboard billions of users to Web3.</em></p><p><em>Since July 2022, <a href=\"/blog/entry/104544\">we have been supporting</a> Codeforces as a title sponsor. This round is another way for us to contribute to the development of the community.</em></p><p><em>The winners of CodeTON Round 6 will receive valuable prizes.</em></p><p><em>The first 1,023 participants will receive prizes in TON cryptocurrency:</em></p> <ul> <li><em>1st place: 1,024 TON</em></li> <li><em>2–3 places: 512 TON each</em></li> <li><em>4–7 places: 256 TON each</em></li> <li><em>8–15 places: 128 TON each</em></li> <li><em>…</em></li> <li><em>512–1,023 places: 2 TON each</em></li> </ul><p><em>We wish you good luck at CodeTON Round 6 and hope you enjoy the contest!</em></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120458\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1870\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-223600-121083\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"223600\",\n blogEntryId: \"120458\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+394</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\">\n glebustim\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\">\n 171\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"120865\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240\"> <p>Codeforces Round #897 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">salyg1n</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces! 🤯</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/green_gold_dog\" title=\"Grandmaster green_gold_dog\">green_gold_dog</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ace5\" title=\"International Master ace5\">ace5</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> and I <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\">salyg1n</a> are pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/1867\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a>, which will take place on <a href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=11&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\">Monday, September 11, 2023 in 17:35</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated</strong> for participants whose <strong>rating is below 2100</strong>.</p><p>You will be given 6 tasks and 2 hours to solve them. We recommend reading all the tasks. <strong>Interactive tasks may occur in the round</strong>, so we suggest reading this <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/45307\">post</a>.</p><p>We want to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Aleks5d\" title=\"Grandmaster Aleks5d\">Aleks5d</a> for coordinating the round and improving one of the tasks. 🤓</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Allvik06\" title=\"International Grandmaster Allvik06\">Allvik06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Nutella3000\" title=\"Grandmaster Nutella3000\">Nutella3000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/arbuzick\" title=\"International Grandmaster arbuzick\">arbuzick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/alegsandyr\" title=\"Grandmaster alegsandyr\">alegsandyr</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/FairyWinx\" title=\"Grandmaster FairyWinx\">FairyWinx</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zwezdinv\" title=\"Grandmaster zwezdinv\">zwezdinv</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/valerikk\" title=\"Master valerikk\">valerikk</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/danya111\" title=\"Master danya111\">danya111</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/EJIC_B_KEDAX\" title=\"Master EJIC_B_KEDAX\">EJIC_B_KEDAX</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/dushenkov\" title=\"Master dushenkov\">dushenkov</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/aleksandro\" title=\"Master aleksandro\">aleksandro</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yar_sem\" title=\"Master Yar_sem\">Yar_sem</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/asafiul\" title=\"Master asafiul\">asafiul</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Ivan_len\" title=\"Candidate Master Ivan_len\">Ivan_len</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArtAlex\" title=\"Candidate Master ArtAlex\">ArtAlex</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Undying\" title=\"Candidate Master Undying\">Undying</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/JustNik77\" title=\"Candidate Master JustNik77\">JustNik77</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Pavarishko\" title=\"Candidate Master Pavarishko\">Pavarishko</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/xnor\" title=\"Candidate Master xnor\">xnor</a> for testing the round and giving valuable feedback. 🙏 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">orz</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ryskmax\" title=\"Expert ryskmax\">ryskmax</a> for being the only blue tester and giving valuable feedback. 🐳 </p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DimaTomsk\" title=\"Master DimaTomsk\">DimaTomsk</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ilyakrasnovv\" title=\"Master ilyakrasnovv\">ilyakrasnovv</a> for viewing some of the tasks and giving valuable feedback. 🤠 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\"></span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/stepanov.aa\" title=\"Grandmaster stepanov.aa\">stepanov.aa</a> for <strong>not</strong> testing the round. 🦥 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">:(</span></p></li> <li><p>The authors of the task <em>5. Overtaking</em> from IOI 2023 for <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> taking a <strong>gold medal</strong>. 🥇 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Too dead? Yes, so am I.</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/geranazavr555\" title=\"Headquarters, geranazavr555\">geranazavr555</a> for the excellent codeforces and polygon platforms. 🦖 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Thank you!</span></p></li> </ul><p>We hope you'll enjoy our problems! Good luck!</p><p><strong>UPD.</strong> Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1250 - 2000 - (2000 + 1000) - 4000$$$.</p><p><strong>UPD2.</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Div. 2</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/candidatecandidatemaster\" title=\"Candidate Master candidatecandidatemaster\">candidatecandidatemaster</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Coreopsis\" title=\"Specialist Coreopsis\">Coreopsis</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/iFFT\" title=\"Expert iFFT\">iFFT</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Dorothy__\" title=\"Expert Dorothy__\">Dorothy__</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/wfoifysaasisufgv\" title=\"Newbie wfoifysaasisufgv\">wfoifysaasisufgv</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>Div. 1</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/arvindf232\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster arvindf232\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>rvindf232</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Rubikun\" title=\"International Grandmaster Rubikun\">Rubikun</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Vercingetorix\" title=\"International Grandmaster Vercingetorix\">Vercingetorix</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>UPD3.</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120353\">Editorial.</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120240\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1867\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-230855-120865\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"230855\",\n blogEntryId: \"120240\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+280</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 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Ternary Logic"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Ternary Logic</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes computers. Recently he has received a new \"Ternatron IV\" as a gift from his mother. Unlike other modern computers, \"Ternatron IV\" operates with ternary and not binary logic. Petya immediately wondered how the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>xor</i></span> operation is performed on this computer (and whether there is anything like it).</p><p>It turned out that the operation does exist (however, it is called <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>tor</i></span>) and it works like this. Suppose that we need to calculate the value of the expression <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> <i>tor</i> <i>b</i></span>. Both numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> are written in the ternary notation one under the other one (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> under <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>). If they have a different number of digits, then leading zeroes are added to the shorter number until the lengths are the same. Then the numbers are summed together digit by digit. The result of summing each two digits is calculated modulo 3. Note that there is no carry between digits (i. e. during this operation the digits aren't transferred). For example: <span class=\"tex-span\">14<sub class=\"lower-index\">10</sub> <i>tor</i> 50<sub class=\"lower-index\">10</sub> = 0112<sub class=\"lower-index\">3</sub> <i>tor</i> 1212<sub class=\"lower-index\">3</sub> = 1021<sub class=\"lower-index\">3</sub> = 34<sub class=\"lower-index\">10</sub></span>.</p><p>Petya wrote numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> on a piece of paper. Help him find such number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>, that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> <i>tor</i> <i>b</i> = <i>c</i></span>. If there are several such numbers, print the smallest one.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>a</i>, <i>c</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>). Both numbers are written in decimal notation.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>, such that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> <i>tor</i> <i>b</i> = <i>c</i></span>. If there are several possible numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>, print the smallest one. You should print the number in decimal notation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>14 34<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>50<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>50 34<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>14<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>387420489 225159023<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1000000001<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"e432e6b45c2ab88936ebe5053efbdfe1\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fe37256c9859c9bbbc55bd87d1042eca2c37bc07\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/136\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/136/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Ternary Logic</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes computers. Recently he has received a new "Ternatron IV" as a gift from his mother. Unlike other modern computers, "Ternatron IV" operates with ternary and not binary logic. Petya immediately wondered how the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>xor</i></span> operation is performed on this computer (and whether there is anything like it).</p><p>It turned out that the operation does exist (however, it is called <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>tor</i></span>) and it works like this. Suppose that we need to calculate the value of the expression <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> <i>tor</i> <i>b</i></span>. Both numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> are written in the ternary notation one under the other one (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> under <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>). If they have a different number of digits, then leading zeroes are added to the shorter number until the lengths are the same. Then the numbers are summed together digit by digit. The result of summing each two digits is calculated modulo 3. Note that there is no carry between digits (i. e. during this operation the digits aren't transferred). For example: <span class=\"tex-span\">14<sub class=\"lower-index\">10</sub> <i>tor</i> 50<sub class=\"lower-index\">10</sub> = 0112<sub class=\"lower-index\">3</sub> <i>tor</i> 1212<sub class=\"lower-index\">3</sub> = 1021<sub class=\"lower-index\">3</sub> = 34<sub class=\"lower-index\">10</sub></span>.</p><p>Petya wrote numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> on a piece of paper. Help him find such number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>, that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> <i>tor</i> <i>b</i> = <i>c</i></span>. If there are several such numbers, print the smallest one.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>a</i>, <i>c</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>). Both numbers are written in decimal notation.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>, such that <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i> <i>tor</i> <i>b</i> = <i>c</i></span>. If there are several possible numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span>, print the smallest one. You should print the number in decimal notation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>14 34<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>50<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>50 34<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>14<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>387420489 225159023<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1000000001<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=B]\");\r\n let uuid = 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='916c2e9cc1edf26810813c0fb9bfcd53'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121650\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\"> <p>Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><img alt=\"logo\" src=\"/predownloaded/e3/33/e333915aebea955b43b4ad17845f6dbf58875a0c.png\" style=\"float: right;height: 100.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p>Sugeng enjing, <strong>Codeforces</strong>! 🥰🥰🥰🥰</p><p>COMPFEST 15 is happy to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1876\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1877\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1876\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=8&month=10&year=2023&hour=12&min=5&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Oct/08/2023 12:05 (Moscow time)</span></a>. Both rounds will be <strong>rated</strong>. You will be given <strong>2 hours and 30 minutes</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><h2><strong>Note the unusual time of the round</strong>.</h2><p>The problems are written by <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\">Pyqe</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a>.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/KAN\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>AN</a> for helping to host the round;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ScarletS\" title=\"Master ScarletS\">ScarletS</a> for the based coordination;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gansixeneh\" title=\"Candidate Master gansixeneh\">gansixeneh</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a> for helping with the problem preparation;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/CyberSleeper\" title=\"Expert CyberSleeper\">CyberSleeper</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Edbert.H\" title=\"Expert Edbert.H\">Edbert.H</a> for providing alternate solutions in the early stages;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for writing the Russian translations;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Aaeria\" title=\"Master Aaeria\">Aaeria</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AMnu\" title=\"Expert AMnu\">AMnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Berted\" title=\"Master Berted\">Berted</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/buffering\" title=\"Specialist buffering\">buffering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Drew_\" title=\"Master Drew_\">Drew_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/dorijanlendvaj\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster dorijanlendvaj\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">d</span>orijanlendvaj</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/eggag32\" title=\"Master eggag32\">eggag32</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Elben85\" title=\"Candidate Master Elben85\">Elben85</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/emorgan5289\" title=\"International Grandmaster emorgan5289\">emorgan5289</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/faustaadp\" title=\"Master faustaadp\">faustaadp</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ffao\" title=\"International Grandmaster ffao\">ffao</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/gamegame\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster gamegame\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">g</span>amegame</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\">hocky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Insta-x\" title=\"Expert Insta-x\">Insta-x</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/jdurie\" title=\"Grandmaster jdurie\">jdurie</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/joelgun14\" title=\"Master joelgun14\">joelgun14</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/KerakTelor\" title=\"Candidate Master KerakTelor\">KerakTelor</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Marky\" title=\"Expert Marky\">Marky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Murinh0\" title=\"Expert Murinh0\">Murinh0</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/nvmdava\" title=\"Grandmaster nvmdava\">nvmdava</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/nyab\" title=\"Master nyab\">nyab</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Owmicron\" title=\"Master Owmicron\">Owmicron</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/prvocislo\" title=\"Grandmaster prvocislo\">prvocislo</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/PurpleCrayon\" title=\"International Grandmaster PurpleCrayon\">PurpleCrayon</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/rama_pang\" title=\"Grandmaster rama_pang\">rama_pang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/TakeMe\" title=\"Expert TakeMe\">TakeMe</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/sahil_k\" title=\"Expert sahil_k\">sahil_k</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/user202729_\" title=\"International Grandmaster user202729_\">user202729_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/WHCPP\" title=\"Pupil WHCPP\">WHCPP</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ZeroScar\" title=\"Candidate Master ZeroScar\">ZeroScar</a> for testing the contest and providing us very useful feedback;</li> <li>Universitas Indonesia, all the local committees, administrators, and managers of the whole COMPFEST event;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Codeforces and Polygon platform!</li> </ul><p>COMPFEST itself is an annual event hosted by Universitas Indonesia. It is the largest student-run IT event in Indonesia and competitive programming contest is one of the competitions hosted.</p><p>We hope you will enjoy and have fun in the contest. Muga-muga beja lan isa entuk biji apik!! 💪💪🔥🔥</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1876\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1877\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-118490-121650\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"118490\",\n blogEntryId: \"121025\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+359</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n.ComplaintFrame {\n display: inline-block;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0;\n right: -1.4em;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a {\n text-decoration: none;\n color: #ff8c00;\n opacity: 0.5;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a:hover {\n opacity: 1;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup p,\n._ComplaintFrame_popup button {\n 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$li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", 0);\n $li.find(\"span\").html(\"Delete complaint\");\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n }\n\n $popup.find(\"._ComplaintFrame_submitForm\").submit(function () {\n const complaintReasonId = $popup.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]:checked\").val();\n if (complaintReasonId === undefined) {\n alert(\"Please select complaint reason\");\n return false;\n }\n\n $.post(\"/data/complaint\", {\n action: \"newComplaint\",\n targetClass: targetClass,\n targetId: targetId,\n complaintReasonId: complaintReasonId\n }, function (response) {\n if (response.success === \"true\") {\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Complaint has been created\");\n $.facebox.close();\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n}); </script>\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\">\n Pyqe\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\">\n 41\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n function adjustTopicComplainFrames() {\r\n let topicIds = [];\r\n\r\n $(\".has-topic-id\").each(function () {\r\n const $this = $(this);\r\n const topicId = $this.attr(\"topicId\");\r\n if (topicId) {\r\n topicIds.push(topicId);\r\n }\r\n });\r\n\r\n $.post(\"/data/topics\", {\r\n action: \"findComplainableTopicIds\",\r\n topicIds: topicIds.join(\",\")\r\n }, function (json) {\r\n if (json[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n for (const topicId of json[\"complainableTopicIds\"].split(\",\")) {\r\n $(\".has-topic-id[topicId=\" + topicId + \"]\").each(function () {\r\n $(this).find(\".meta .ComplaintFrame\").css(\"display\", \"inline-block\");\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n $(function () {\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121739\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114\"> <p>Codeforces Command Lines (2023-10-06)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Vladosiya</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121739/en7\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>We've compiled a list of command lines that Codeforces uses to compile and run solutions in various languages and compilers.</p><p>It is up-to-date as of today (2023-10-06), and we will make efforts to keep it current in the future, but this is not guaranteed.</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121114\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-73866-121739\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"73866\",\n blogEntryId: \"121114\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compilers\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compilers</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compiler+options\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compiler options</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=languages\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">languages</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+235</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\">\n Vladosiya\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\">\n 8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121449\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824\"> <p>Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I'm pleased to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1874\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1875\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a>. It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1874\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=30&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/30/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. It also means, the National Day of China arrives during the round. Wish you a nice vacation! 🎉🎉🎉</p><p>For both divisions, you will have <strong>3 hours</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his wonderful coordination.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for Russian translation and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for helping us with Russian clarifications.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\">GeZhiyuan</a> for providing all the problems and "a few" rejected problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SanweiTreap\" title=\"Grandmaster SanweiTreap\">SanweiTreap</a> for helping me prepare the problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/wangziji\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster wangziji\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">w</span>angziji</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/flowerletter\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster flowerletter\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>lowerletter</a> for Legendary Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sjcsjcsjc\" title=\"International Grandmaster sjcsjcsjc\">sjcsjcsjc</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/He_Ren\" title=\"International Grandmaster He_Ren\">He_Ren</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GaryZ005\" title=\"International Grandmaster GaryZ005\">GaryZ005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/platelet\" title=\"International Grandmaster platelet\">platelet</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/thenymphsofdelphi\" title=\"International Grandmaster thenymphsofdelphi\">thenymphsofdelphi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DerekFeng\" title=\"International Grandmaster DerekFeng\">DerekFeng</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Juanzhang\" title=\"International Grandmaster Juanzhang\">Juanzhang</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ttklwxx\" title=\"International Grandmaster ttklwxx\">ttklwxx</a> for International Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/juju527\" title=\"Grandmaster juju527\">juju527</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zimpha\" title=\"Grandmaster zimpha\">zimpha</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/765\" title=\"Grandmaster 765\">765</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/xuanquang1999\" title=\"Grandmaster xuanquang1999\">xuanquang1999</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/CrTsIr\" title=\"Grandmaster CrTsIr\">CrTsIr</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/EasonTAO\" title=\"Grandmaster EasonTAO\">EasonTAO</a> for Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/SATSKY\" title=\"Master SATSKY\">SATSKY</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/lanhf\" title=\"Master lanhf\">lanhf</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hank2019\" title=\"Master Hank2019\">Hank2019</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yakumo_Ran\" title=\"Master Yakumo_Ran\">Yakumo_Ran</a> for Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DaniraSilla\" title=\"Candidate Master DaniraSilla\">DaniraSilla</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/kriepiekrollie\" title=\"Candidate Master kriepiekrollie\">kriepiekrollie</a> for Candidate Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/raulandreipop\" title=\"Expert raulandreipop\">raulandreipop</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/micho\" title=\"Expert micho\">micho</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/alwyn\" title=\"Expert alwyn\">alwyn</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ArgintLaAnu\" title=\"Expert ArgintLaAnu\">ArgintLaAnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/IssamOtoz\" title=\"Expert IssamOtoz\">IssamOtoz</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/jakao\" title=\"Expert jakao\">jakao</a> for Expert Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/CLown1331\" title=\"Pupil CLown1331\">CLown1331</a> for Pupil Testing.</p></li> <li><p>You for participating the round.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</p></li> </ul><p>Especially, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his great contribution to the round, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a> for providing user solutions for all the problems, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> for making the announcement and tutorial more readable.</p><p>Finally and most importantly, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> for helping me with everything patiently all the time. This round can't happen without him.</p><p>The main character of the problems will be Jellyfish, a sweet little girl. 🍏🍏🍏</p><p>Score distribution:</p> <ul> <li><p>Div.1: $$$500$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$1500$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$ − $$$4000$$$ − $$$5000$$$</p></li> <li><p>Div.2: $$$500$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$2000$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$</p></li> </ul><p>Good Luck & Have Fun! 🔥🔥🔥</p><p><strong>UPD1:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120943\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p><strong>UPD2:</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Qingyu\" title=\"International Grandmaster Qingyu\">Qingyu</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/amiya\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster amiya\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>miya</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/RollingPanda\" title=\"Newbie RollingPanda\">RollingPanda</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/WanYuanShenWanDe\" title=\"Newbie WanYuanShenWanDe\">WanYuanShenWanDe</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/H_stove\" title=\"Grandmaster H_stove\">H_stove</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ooOAM\" title=\"Grandmaster ooOAM\">ooOAM</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Salley-Garden\" title=\"Master Salley-Garden\">Salley-Garden</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/i_will_be_less_than_blue\" title=\"Grandmaster i_will_be_less_than_blue\">i_will_be_less_than_blue</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a> (after the contest)</p></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Azaml\" title=\"Expert Azaml\">Azaml</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Shirotsume\" title=\"Expert Shirotsume\">Shirotsume</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/viveksingh912\" title=\"Newbie viveksingh912\">viveksingh912</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/kaiboy\" title=\"Newbie kaiboy\">kaiboy</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></div></div></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120824\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1874\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1875\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-238039-121449\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"238039\",\n blogEntryId: \"120824\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+165</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\">\n GeZhiyuan\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\">\n 231\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121303\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678\"> <p>Codeforces Round #900 (Div. 3)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Specialist AlphaMale06\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlphaMale06</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a> and I are glad to invite you to the <a href=\"/contest/1878\" title=\"Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1878\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=26&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/26/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a></p><p>You will be given <strong>7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours and 15 minutes</strong> to solve them.</p><p>Note that the <strong>penalty</strong> for the wrong submission in this round is <strong>10 minutes</strong>.</p><p>Also note that there will be a <strong>12 hour open hacking phase</strong> after the round.</p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/59228\">Remember</a>, that only the <em>trusted participants of the third division</em> will be included in the official standings table. As it is written by link, this is a compulsory measure for combating unsporting behavior. To qualify as a <em>trusted participant of the third division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them)</li> <li>do not have a point of 1900 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the third division or not, if your rating is less than 1600, the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Problems have been created and prepared by <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Expert AlphaMale06\">AlphaMale06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>.</p><p>We would also to thank:</p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for the amazing coordination and help with preparing a balanced problemset, and for giving us the opportunity to create a Div. 3 round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Polygon and Codeforces platforms.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/JovanB\" title=\"Grandmaster JovanB\">JovanB</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/abc864197532\" title=\"International Grandmaster abc864197532\">abc864197532</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sevlll777\" title=\"Grandmaster sevlll777\">sevlll777</a> for red testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/n0sk1ll\" title=\"Master n0sk1ll\">n0sk1ll</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/allllekssssa\" title=\"Master allllekssssa\">allllekssssa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/misorin\" title=\"International Master misorin\">misorin</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hyperbolic\" title=\"International Master Hyperbolic\">Hyperbolic</a> for yellow testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DAleksa\" title=\"Candidate Master DAleksa\">DAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ljuba\" title=\"Candidate Master ljuba\">ljuba</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex.kudryashov\" title=\"Candidate Master alex.kudryashov\">alex.kudryashov</a> for purple testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MihailoT\" title=\"Expert MihailoT\">MihailoT</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/SashaT9\" title=\"Expert SashaT9\">SashaT9</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ELDRVD\" title=\"Expert ELDRVD\">ELDRVD</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Chrisedyong\" title=\"Expert Chrisedyong\">Chrisedyong</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/tryptophan\" title=\"Expert tryptophan\">tryptophan</a> for blue testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Andrijanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Andrijanikolic73\">Andrijanikolic73</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Mihajlo18\" title=\"Specialist Mihajlo18\">Mihajlo18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/UrosNedic\" title=\"Specialist UrosNedic\">UrosNedic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Klaus26\" title=\"Specialist Klaus26\">Klaus26</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Escaquejant\" title=\"Specialist Escaquejant\">Escaquejant</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/smax294\" title=\"Specialist smax294\">smax294</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/max0n\" title=\"Specialist max0n\">max0n</a> for cyan testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Budimmm\" title=\"Newbie Budimmm\">Budimmm</a> for gray testing</li> </ol><p>Also a very special thanks to the most dedicated tester I have ever seen, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>.</p><p>I wish you luck, and hope you like the problems and learn from them.</p><p>Update: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120813\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p>Congratulations to the winners:</p><p>Unofficial:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SSerxhs\" title=\"International Grandmaster SSerxhs\">SSerxhs</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/neal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster neal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>eal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/risujiroh\" title=\"International Grandmaster risujiroh\">risujiroh</a></p></li> </ol><p>Official:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/hackerjohn\" title=\"Specialist hackerjohn\">hackerjohn</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/wahb\" title=\"Specialist wahb\">wahb</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/kutcoder\" title=\"Specialist kutcoder\">kutcoder</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Sxy_Limit\" title=\"Specialist Sxy_Limit\">Sxy_Limit</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/not_rainboy\" title=\"Pupil not_rainboy\">not_rainboy</a></p></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120678\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1878\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-269459-121303\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"269459\",\n blogEntryId: \"120678\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+192</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\">\n AlphaMale06\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\">\n 347\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121269\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\"> <p>Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121269/en9\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I am pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1882\" title=\"Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>, which will be held on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1882\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=25&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/25/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>All problems were written and prepared by me.</p><p>You will be given <strong>5 problems, and one of them is divided into two subtasks</strong>. You will have <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/irkstepanov\" title=\"International Master irkstepanov\">irkstepanov</a> for excellent coordination and Russian translation!</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for providing useful feedbacks.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a> for helping me much with one problem of the contest.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ko_osaga\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ko_osaga\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">k</span>o_osaga</a> for Nutella testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/leinad2\" title=\"Grandmaster leinad2\">leinad2</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Numbering\" title=\"Grandmaster Numbering\">Numbering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/qwerasdfzxcl\" title=\"International Grandmaster qwerasdfzxcl\">qwerasdfzxcl</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for Red testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kaling\" title=\"Master Kaling\">Kaling</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Mingyu331\" title=\"Master Mingyu331\">Mingyu331</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/chaeyihwan\" title=\"International Master chaeyihwan\">chaeyihwan</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\" title=\"International Master Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\">Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/azberjibiou\" title=\"International Master azberjibiou\">azberjibiou</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/mjhmjh1104\" title=\"Master mjhmjh1104\">mjhmjh1104</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DELTARUNE\" title=\"Master DELTARUNE\">DELTARUNE</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wuhudsm\" title=\"Master wuhudsm\">wuhudsm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/hypergraph_coloring\" title=\"International Master hypergraph_coloring\">hypergraph_coloring</a> for Orange testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/unordered_map\" title=\"Candidate Master unordered_map\">unordered_map</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex0211\" title=\"Candidate Master alex0211\">alex0211</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gs20036\" title=\"Candidate Master gs20036\">gs20036</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/namolbbaemi\" title=\"Candidate Master namolbbaemi\">namolbbaemi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/eeeDA\" title=\"Candidate Master eeeDA\">eeeDA</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nlog\" title=\"Candidate Master nlog\">nlog</a> for Purple testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/andyandy\" title=\"Expert andyandy\">andyandy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/JaewonOh\" title=\"Expert JaewonOh\">JaewonOh</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/KongUm\" title=\"Expert KongUm\">KongUm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Coruncanius\" title=\"Expert Coruncanius\">Coruncanius</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ez_code\" title=\"Expert ez_code\">ez_code</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/fs_edge\" title=\"Expert fs_edge\">fs_edge</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/chromate00\" title=\"Expert chromate00\">chromate00</a> for Blue testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Hanlana18\" title=\"Newbie Hanlana18\">Hanlana18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/papergundam\" title=\"Newbie papergundam\">papergundam</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sjmjys954646\" title=\"Newbie sjmjys954646\">sjmjys954646</a> for Gray testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for great Polygon and Codeforces platforms!</p></li> <li><p>And last but not least, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"https://codeforces.com/profile/\">You</a> for participating in the round!</p></li> </ul><p>Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - (2000 + 2000)$$$</p><p>Good luck and enjoy the round!</p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120792\">Editorial</a> is out. </p><p><strong>UPD2</strong>: Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Official Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Lycorisqwq\" title=\"Expert Lycorisqwq\">Lycorisqwq</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/zepto\" title=\"Unrated, zepto\">zepto</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/vjudge39\" title=\"Unrated, vjudge39\">vjudge39</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Beelzebub_blue\" title=\"Candidate Master Beelzebub_blue\">Beelzebub_blue</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/_t_W_\" title=\"Candidate Master _t_W_\">_t_W_</a></li> </ol><p><strong>Official + Unofficial Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/antontrygubO_o\" title=\"International Grandmaster antontrygubO_o\">antontrygubO_o</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KumaTachiRen\" title=\"Master KumaTachiRen\">KumaTachiRen</a></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1882\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-272374-121269\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"272374\",\n blogEntryId: \"120644\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+524</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/windva\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/windva\">\n windva\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\">\n 188\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691\"> <p>Educational Codeforces Round 155 [Rated for Div. 2]</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121316/en5\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p>On <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1879\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=24&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/24/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a> <a href=\"/contest/1879\" title=\"Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> will start.</p><p>Series of Educational Rounds continue being held as <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> initiative! You can read the details about the cooperation between <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> and Codeforces in the <a href=\"https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/51208\">blog post</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated for the participants with rating lower than 2100</strong>. It will be held on extended ICPC rules. The penalty for each incorrect submission until the submission with a full solution is 10 minutes. After the end of the contest, you will have 12 hours to hack any solution you want. You will have access to copy any solution and test it locally.</p><p>You will be given <strong>6 or 7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>The problems were invented and prepared by Adilbek <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/adedalic\" title=\"International Master adedalic\">adedalic</a> Dalabaev, Ivan <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\">BledDest</a> Androsov, Maksim <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Neon\" title=\"Candidate Master Neon\">Neon</a> Mescheryakov, Roman <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Roms\" title=\"Master Roms\">Roms</a> Glazov and me. Also, huge thanks to Mike <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> Mirzayanov for great systems Polygon and Codeforces.</p><p>Good luck to all the participants!</p><p>Our friends at Harbour.Space also have a message for you:</p> <center><img alt=\"Harbour.Space\" src=\"/predownloaded/29/a4/29a4884273346021dec6559e9785af37a662cc56.png\" style=\"height: 200.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></center> <center style=\"margin: 1.0em;\"><b>FULLY FUNDED SCHOLARSHIPS for Masters in Data Science and Computer Science </b></center><p><em>Scholarships for Master's students in <a href=\"https://harbour.space/computer-science\">Computer Science</a> and <a href=\"https://harbour.space/data-science\">Data Science</a> are available in <a href=\"https://harbour.space\">Harbour.Space University</a> Barcelona campus!</em> </p><p><strong>Scholarship Summary:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>Fully funded scholarship (29.900 €/year) to study a Master’s degree in Data Science or Computer Science for two years</em></li> <li><em>Successful applicants will become part of the University’s “Talent pool” and will be shown to the sponsoring companies. In case the candidate is picked for the Work&Study Program from our industry partner, the student starts an internship with a commitment to study 3 hours/day and work for 4 hour/day</em></li> </ul><p><em>Please note preselected candidates will be requested to pay a non-refundable application fee of 85€ to study at Harbour.Space University.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s commitment:</strong></em></p><p><em>You will complete 15 modules (each three weeks long) in one year. The daily class workload is 3 hours, plus homework to complete in your own time.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s requirements:</strong></em> </p> <ul> <li><em>Bachelor's degree in the field of Mathematics, Statistics, Data Science, Computer Science or similar</em></li> <li><em>English proficiency</em></li> <li><em>Advanced knowledge and experience in Python, SQL, Spark/Scala, and bash</em></li> <li><em>Experienced use of Big Data technologies: Spark, HDFS, Kafka, etc.</em></li> <li><em>Hands-on experience with Data Science techniques: feature engineering,</em></li> <li><em>Strong ML knowledge</em></li> <li><em>Strong Software Engineering Background</em></li> <li><em>Problem-solving aptitude</em></li> </ul> <center style=\"margin: 2.5em;\"> <a href=\"https://harbour.space/account/apply-process?utm_source=codeforces&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=bcn_b2b\" style=\"text-decoration: none;font-size: 14.0px;background-color: rgb(98,91,183);color: white;font-weight: bold;padding: 0.5em 1.0em;\">Apply here →</a> </center><p><strong>UPD:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120773\">Editorial is out</a> </p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120691\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1879\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-42750-121316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"42750\",\n blogEntryId: \"120691\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+245</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/awoo\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/awoo\">\n awoo\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\">\n 189\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121227\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602\"> <p>Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\" title=\"Candidate Master mesanu\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">mesanu</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121227/en2\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and I want to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1873\" title=\"Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1873\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=21&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/21/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>The format of the event will be identical to Div. 3 rounds:</p> <ul> <li>5-8 tasks;</li> <li>ICPC rules with a penalty of 10 minutes for an incorrect submission;</li> <li>12-hour phase of open hacks after the end of the round (hacks do not give additional points)</li> <li>after the end of the open hacking phase, all solutions will be tested on the updated set of tests, and the ratings recalculated</li> <li>by default, only "trusted" participants are shown in the results table (but the rating will be recalculated for all with initial ratings less than 1400 or you are an unrated participant/newcomer).</li> </ul><p>We urge participants whose rating is 1400+ not to register new accounts for the purpose of narcissism but to take part unofficially. Please do not spoil the contest for the official participants.</p><p>Only <em>trusted participants of the fourth division</em> will be included in the official standings table. This is a forced measure for combating unsporting behaviour. To qualify as <em>a trusted participant of the fourth division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them),</li> <li>do not have a point of 1400 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the fourth division or not, if your rating is less than 1400 (or you are a newcomer/unrated), then the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Many thanks to the testers: <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Gheal\" title=\"Master Gheal\">Gheal</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Phantom_Performer\" title=\"Master Phantom_Performer\">Phantom_Performer</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KrowSavcik\" title=\"Master KrowSavcik\">KrowSavcik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/haochenkang\" title=\"Specialist haochenkang\">haochenkang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/sandry24\" title=\"Specialist sandry24\">sandry24</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/NintsiChkhaidze\" title=\"Candidate Master NintsiChkhaidze\">NintsiChkhaidze</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/erekle\" title=\"International Master erekle\">erekle</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Dominater069\" title=\"Grandmaster Dominater069\">Dominater069</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MADE_IN_HEAVEN\" title=\"Expert MADE_IN_HEAVEN\">MADE_IN_HEAVEN</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Qualified\" title=\"Expert Qualified\">Qualified</a>.</p><p>We suggest reading all of the problems and hope you will find them interesting!</p><p><strong>Good Luck!</strong></p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120634\">Editorial is out!</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120602\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1873\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-188642-121227\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"188642\",\n blogEntryId: \"120602\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+200</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\">\n mesanu\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\">\n 179\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121083\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458\"> <p>CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\" title=\"Grandmaster glebustim\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">glebustim</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121083/en8\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3>Hello, Codeforces!</h3><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SomethingNew\" title=\"International Grandmaster SomethingNew\">SomethingNew</a> and I are glad to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1870\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a>, which will take place on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1870\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=18&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/18/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. You will have 2 hours 15 minutes to solve 8 problems. The round will be rated for everyone.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/74TrAkToR\" title=\"International Master 74TrAkToR\">74TrAkToR</a> for coordinating this round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/isaf27\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster isaf27\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>saf27</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ugly2333\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ugly2333\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">u</span>gly2333</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DataStructures\" title=\"Grandmaster DataStructures\">DataStructures</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Little09\" title=\"International Grandmaster Little09\">Little09</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kieray\" title=\"Master Kieray\">Kieray</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Dart-Xeyter\" title=\"International Master Dart-Xeyter\">Dart-Xeyter</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/meowcneil\" title=\"Master meowcneil\">meowcneil</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/127.0.0.1\" title=\"Master 127.0.0.1\">127.0.0.1</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Nanani\" title=\"Candidate Master Nanani\">Nanani</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nnv-nick\" title=\"Candidate Master nnv-nick\">nnv-nick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/SomethingDifferent\" title=\"Candidate Master SomethingDifferent\">SomethingDifferent</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/vl342\" title=\"Expert vl342\">vl342</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/shiv_codegen\" title=\"Expert shiv_codegen\">shiv_codegen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/M1lkas\" title=\"Specialist M1lkas\">M1lkas</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/allmath\" title=\"Pupil allmath\">allmath</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sdyakonov\" title=\"Newbie sdyakonov\">sdyakonov</a> for testing the round and providing useful feedback.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</li> </ul><h4><strong>Score distribution:</strong></h4><p>500 — 750 — 1500 — 1750 — 2750 — 3250 — 3250 — 4000</p><p>We hope that our problems will be interesting for you!</p><h4><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120524\">Editorial</a></h4><p><strong>Congratulations to the winners!</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/emptyhope\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster emptyhope\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">e</span>mptyhope</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maspy\" title=\"International Grandmaster maspy\">maspy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/AoLiGei\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster AoLiGei\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">A</span>oLiGei</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/noimi\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster noimi\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>oimi</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></li> </ol><p>And here is the information from our title sponsor:</p><p><img src=\"/predownloaded/ce/9f/ce9f87d5c429f47e7691bef3a8934ebf36af3f15.jpg\" style=\"width: 250.0px;float: right;margin: 0 1.0em 1.0em 1.0em;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p><em>Hello, Codeforces!</em></p><p><em>We, the <a href=\"https://ton.org/\">TON Foundation</a> team, are pleased to support CodeTON Round 6.</em></p><p><em>The Open Network (TON) is a fully decentralized layer-1 blockchain designed to onboard billions of users to Web3.</em></p><p><em>Since July 2022, <a href=\"/blog/entry/104544\">we have been supporting</a> Codeforces as a title sponsor. This round is another way for us to contribute to the development of the community.</em></p><p><em>The winners of CodeTON Round 6 will receive valuable prizes.</em></p><p><em>The first 1,023 participants will receive prizes in TON cryptocurrency:</em></p> <ul> <li><em>1st place: 1,024 TON</em></li> <li><em>2–3 places: 512 TON each</em></li> <li><em>4–7 places: 256 TON each</em></li> <li><em>8–15 places: 128 TON each</em></li> <li><em>…</em></li> <li><em>512–1,023 places: 2 TON each</em></li> </ul><p><em>We wish you good luck at CodeTON Round 6 and hope you enjoy the contest!</em></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120458\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1870\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-223600-121083\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"223600\",\n blogEntryId: \"120458\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+394</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\">\n glebustim\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\">\n 171\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"120865\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240\"> <p>Codeforces Round #897 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">salyg1n</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces! 🤯</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/green_gold_dog\" title=\"Grandmaster green_gold_dog\">green_gold_dog</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ace5\" title=\"International Master ace5\">ace5</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> and I <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\">salyg1n</a> are pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/1867\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a>, which will take place on <a href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=11&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\">Monday, September 11, 2023 in 17:35</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated</strong> for participants whose <strong>rating is below 2100</strong>.</p><p>You will be given 6 tasks and 2 hours to solve them. We recommend reading all the tasks. <strong>Interactive tasks may occur in the round</strong>, so we suggest reading this <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/45307\">post</a>.</p><p>We want to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Aleks5d\" title=\"Grandmaster Aleks5d\">Aleks5d</a> for coordinating the round and improving one of the tasks. 🤓</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Allvik06\" title=\"International Grandmaster Allvik06\">Allvik06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Nutella3000\" title=\"Grandmaster Nutella3000\">Nutella3000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/arbuzick\" title=\"International Grandmaster arbuzick\">arbuzick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/alegsandyr\" title=\"Grandmaster alegsandyr\">alegsandyr</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/FairyWinx\" title=\"Grandmaster FairyWinx\">FairyWinx</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zwezdinv\" title=\"Grandmaster zwezdinv\">zwezdinv</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/valerikk\" title=\"Master valerikk\">valerikk</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/danya111\" title=\"Master danya111\">danya111</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/EJIC_B_KEDAX\" title=\"Master EJIC_B_KEDAX\">EJIC_B_KEDAX</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/dushenkov\" title=\"Master dushenkov\">dushenkov</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/aleksandro\" title=\"Master aleksandro\">aleksandro</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yar_sem\" title=\"Master Yar_sem\">Yar_sem</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/asafiul\" title=\"Master asafiul\">asafiul</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Ivan_len\" title=\"Candidate Master Ivan_len\">Ivan_len</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArtAlex\" title=\"Candidate Master ArtAlex\">ArtAlex</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Undying\" title=\"Candidate Master Undying\">Undying</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/JustNik77\" title=\"Candidate Master JustNik77\">JustNik77</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Pavarishko\" title=\"Candidate Master Pavarishko\">Pavarishko</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/xnor\" title=\"Candidate Master xnor\">xnor</a> for testing the round and giving valuable feedback. 🙏 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">orz</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ryskmax\" title=\"Expert ryskmax\">ryskmax</a> for being the only blue tester and giving valuable feedback. 🐳 </p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DimaTomsk\" title=\"Master DimaTomsk\">DimaTomsk</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ilyakrasnovv\" title=\"Master ilyakrasnovv\">ilyakrasnovv</a> for viewing some of the tasks and giving valuable feedback. 🤠 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\"></span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/stepanov.aa\" title=\"Grandmaster stepanov.aa\">stepanov.aa</a> for <strong>not</strong> testing the round. 🦥 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">:(</span></p></li> <li><p>The authors of the task <em>5. Overtaking</em> from IOI 2023 for <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> taking a <strong>gold medal</strong>. 🥇 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Too dead? Yes, so am I.</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/geranazavr555\" title=\"Headquarters, geranazavr555\">geranazavr555</a> for the excellent codeforces and polygon platforms. 🦖 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Thank you!</span></p></li> </ul><p>We hope you'll enjoy our problems! Good luck!</p><p><strong>UPD.</strong> Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1250 - 2000 - (2000 + 1000) - 4000$$$.</p><p><strong>UPD2.</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Div. 2</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/candidatecandidatemaster\" title=\"Candidate Master candidatecandidatemaster\">candidatecandidatemaster</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Coreopsis\" title=\"Specialist Coreopsis\">Coreopsis</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/iFFT\" title=\"Expert iFFT\">iFFT</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Dorothy__\" title=\"Expert Dorothy__\">Dorothy__</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/wfoifysaasisufgv\" title=\"Newbie wfoifysaasisufgv\">wfoifysaasisufgv</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>Div. 1</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/arvindf232\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster arvindf232\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>rvindf232</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Rubikun\" title=\"International Grandmaster Rubikun\">Rubikun</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Vercingetorix\" title=\"International Grandmaster Vercingetorix\">Vercingetorix</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>UPD3.</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120353\">Editorial.</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120240\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1867\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-230855-120865\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"230855\",\n blogEntryId: \"120240\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+280</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\">\n salyg1n\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\">\n 218\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"pagination\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <span class=\"inactive\">←</span>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index active\" pageIndex=\"1\"><a href=\"/page/1\">1</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index\" pageIndex=\"2\"><a href=\"/page/2\">2</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span 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Replacement"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Replacement</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes arrays consisting of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers, where each of them is in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. Recently he has received one such array as a gift from his mother. Petya didn't like it at once. He decided to choose exactly one element from the array and replace it with another integer that also lies in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. It is <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">not allowed</span> to replace a number with itself or to change no number at all. </p><p>After the replacement Petya sorted the array by the numbers' non-decreasing. Now he wants to know for each position: what minimum number could occupy it after the replacement and the sorting.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>), which represents how many numbers the array has. The next line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the array's description. All elements of the array lie in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the minimum possible values of each array element after one replacement and the sorting are performed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>1 2 3 4 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 1 2 3 4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>2 3 4 5 6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2 3 4 5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br/>2 2 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2 2<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"028d1746be550248ca880010a32b99bd\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fe37256c9859c9bbbc55bd87d1042eca2c37bc07\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/136\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='028d1746be550248ca880010a32b99bd'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/136/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Greedy algorithms\">\r\n greedy\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Sortings, orderings\">\r\n sortings\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1300\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='028d1746be550248ca880010a32b99bd'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"713\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='028d1746be550248ca880010a32b99bd'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"713\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3336\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"343:344\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3352\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"926\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"927:928\" resourceName=\"Tutorial #2\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/136/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier {\r\n font-size: 1.2rem;\r\n float: right;\r\n color: #888 !important;\r\n cursor: pointer;\r\n border: 1px solid rgb(185, 185, 185);\r\n padding: 3px;\r\n margin: 1px;\r\n line-height: 1.1rem;\r\n text-transform: none;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .input-output-copier:hover {\r\n background-color: #def;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .test-explanation textarea {\r\n width: 100%;\r\n height: 1.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .pending-submission-message {\r\n color: darkorange !important;\r\n }\r\n </style>\r\n <script>\r\n const OPENING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1001);\r\n const CLOSING_SPACE = String.fromCharCode(1002);\r\n\r\n const nodeToText = function (node, pre) {\r\n let result = [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"SCRIPT\" || node.tagName === \"math\"\r\n || (node.classList && node.classList.contains(\"input-output-copier\")))\r\n return [];\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(OPENING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.nodeType === Node.TEXT_NODE) {\r\n let s = node.textContent;\r\n if (!pre) {\r\n s = s.replace(/\\s+/g, \" \");\r\n }\r\n if (s.length > 0) {\r\n result.push(s);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (pre && node.tagName === \"BR\") {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n node.childNodes.forEach(function (child) {\r\n result.push(nodeToText(child, node.tagName === \"PRE\").join(\"\"));\r\n });\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"DIV\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"P\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"PRE\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"UL\"\r\n || node.tagName === \"LI\"\r\n ) {\r\n result.push(\"\\n\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n if (node.tagName === \"NOBR\") {\r\n result.push(CLOSING_SPACE);\r\n }\r\n\r\n return result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_6bc8de244d1c683a19c98c98a3a473205925b3e9\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Replacement</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes arrays consisting of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers, where each of them is in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. Recently he has received one such array as a gift from his mother. Petya didn't like it at once. He decided to choose exactly one element from the array and replace it with another integer that also lies in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive. It is <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">not allowed</span> to replace a number with itself or to change no number at all. </p><p>After the replacement Petya sorted the array by the numbers' non-decreasing. Now he wants to know for each position: what minimum number could occupy it after the replacement and the sorting.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>), which represents how many numbers the array has. The next line contains <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the array's description. All elements of the array lie in the range from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> space-separated integers — the minimum possible values of each array element after one replacement and the sorting are performed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />1 2 3 4 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 1 2 3 4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />2 3 4 5 6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2 3 4 5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br />2 2 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1 2 2<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=C]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: \"getDiff\", a: previousStatementText, b: statementText}, function (result) {\r\n if (result[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='916c2e9cc1edf26810813c0fb9bfcd53'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> 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class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\"> <p>Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><img alt=\"logo\" src=\"/predownloaded/e3/33/e333915aebea955b43b4ad17845f6dbf58875a0c.png\" style=\"float: right;height: 100.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p>Sugeng enjing, <strong>Codeforces</strong>! 🥰🥰🥰🥰</p><p>COMPFEST 15 is happy to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1876\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1877\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1876\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=8&month=10&year=2023&hour=12&min=5&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Oct/08/2023 12:05 (Moscow time)</span></a>. Both rounds will be <strong>rated</strong>. You will be given <strong>2 hours and 30 minutes</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><h2><strong>Note the unusual time of the round</strong>.</h2><p>The problems are written by <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\">Pyqe</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a>.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/KAN\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>AN</a> for helping to host the round;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ScarletS\" title=\"Master ScarletS\">ScarletS</a> for the based coordination;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gansixeneh\" title=\"Candidate Master gansixeneh\">gansixeneh</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a> for helping with the problem preparation;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/CyberSleeper\" title=\"Expert CyberSleeper\">CyberSleeper</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Edbert.H\" title=\"Expert Edbert.H\">Edbert.H</a> for providing alternate solutions in the early stages;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for writing the Russian translations;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Aaeria\" title=\"Master Aaeria\">Aaeria</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AMnu\" title=\"Expert AMnu\">AMnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Berted\" title=\"Master Berted\">Berted</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/buffering\" title=\"Specialist buffering\">buffering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Drew_\" title=\"Master Drew_\">Drew_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/dorijanlendvaj\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster dorijanlendvaj\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">d</span>orijanlendvaj</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/eggag32\" title=\"Master eggag32\">eggag32</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Elben85\" title=\"Candidate Master Elben85\">Elben85</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/emorgan5289\" title=\"International Grandmaster emorgan5289\">emorgan5289</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/faustaadp\" title=\"Master faustaadp\">faustaadp</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ffao\" title=\"International Grandmaster ffao\">ffao</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/gamegame\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster gamegame\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">g</span>amegame</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\">hocky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Insta-x\" title=\"Expert Insta-x\">Insta-x</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/jdurie\" title=\"Grandmaster jdurie\">jdurie</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/joelgun14\" title=\"Master joelgun14\">joelgun14</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/KerakTelor\" title=\"Candidate Master KerakTelor\">KerakTelor</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Marky\" title=\"Expert Marky\">Marky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Murinh0\" title=\"Expert Murinh0\">Murinh0</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/nvmdava\" title=\"Grandmaster nvmdava\">nvmdava</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/nyab\" title=\"Master nyab\">nyab</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Owmicron\" title=\"Master Owmicron\">Owmicron</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/prvocislo\" title=\"Grandmaster prvocislo\">prvocislo</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/PurpleCrayon\" title=\"International Grandmaster PurpleCrayon\">PurpleCrayon</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/rama_pang\" title=\"Grandmaster rama_pang\">rama_pang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/TakeMe\" title=\"Expert TakeMe\">TakeMe</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/sahil_k\" title=\"Expert sahil_k\">sahil_k</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/user202729_\" title=\"International Grandmaster user202729_\">user202729_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/WHCPP\" title=\"Pupil WHCPP\">WHCPP</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ZeroScar\" title=\"Candidate Master ZeroScar\">ZeroScar</a> for testing the contest and providing us very useful feedback;</li> <li>Universitas Indonesia, all the local committees, administrators, and managers of the whole COMPFEST event;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Codeforces and Polygon platform!</li> </ul><p>COMPFEST itself is an annual event hosted by Universitas Indonesia. It is the largest student-run IT event in Indonesia and competitive programming contest is one of the competitions hosted.</p><p>We hope you will enjoy and have fun in the contest. Muga-muga beja lan isa entuk biji apik!! 💪💪🔥🔥</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1876\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1877\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final 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of complaintReasons) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", complaintReason.id);\n $li.find(\"span\")\n .html(getLocalizedName(complaintReason)\n + \" <i class=\\\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\\\" title=\\\"\"\n + getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason)\n + \"\\\"></i>\")\n .attr(\"title\", getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n if (complaint && complaint.complaintReasonId === complaintReason.id) {\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"checked\", \"checked\");\n }\n $li.find(\".clickable-title\").click(function () {\n alert(getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n return false;\n }).css(\"position\", \"relative\").css(\"bottom\", \"1px\").css(\"font-size\", \"12px\");\n }\n\n if (complaint) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", 0);\n $li.find(\"span\").html(\"Delete complaint\");\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n }\n\n $popup.find(\"._ComplaintFrame_submitForm\").submit(function () {\n const complaintReasonId = $popup.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]:checked\").val();\n if (complaintReasonId === undefined) {\n alert(\"Please select complaint reason\");\n return false;\n }\n\n $.post(\"/data/complaint\", {\n action: \"newComplaint\",\n targetClass: targetClass,\n targetId: targetId,\n complaintReasonId: complaintReasonId\n }, function (response) {\n if (response.success === \"true\") {\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Complaint has been created\");\n $.facebox.close();\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n}); </script>\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\">\n Pyqe\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\">\n 41\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n function adjustTopicComplainFrames() {\r\n let topicIds = [];\r\n\r\n $(\".has-topic-id\").each(function () {\r\n const $this = $(this);\r\n const topicId = $this.attr(\"topicId\");\r\n if (topicId) {\r\n topicIds.push(topicId);\r\n }\r\n });\r\n\r\n $.post(\"/data/topics\", {\r\n action: \"findComplainableTopicIds\",\r\n topicIds: topicIds.join(\",\")\r\n }, function (json) {\r\n if (json[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n for (const topicId of json[\"complainableTopicIds\"].split(\",\")) {\r\n $(\".has-topic-id[topicId=\" + topicId + \"]\").each(function () {\r\n $(this).find(\".meta .ComplaintFrame\").css(\"display\", \"inline-block\");\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n $(function () {\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121739\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114\"> <p>Codeforces Command Lines (2023-10-06)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Vladosiya</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121739/en7\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>We've compiled a list of command lines that Codeforces uses to compile and run solutions in various languages and compilers.</p><p>It is up-to-date as of today (2023-10-06), and we will make efforts to keep it current in the future, but this is not guaranteed.</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121114\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-73866-121739\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"73866\",\n blogEntryId: \"121114\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compilers\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compilers</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compiler+options\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compiler options</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=languages\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">languages</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+235</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\">\n Vladosiya\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\">\n 8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121449\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824\"> <p>Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I'm pleased to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1874\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1875\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a>. It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1874\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=30&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/30/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. It also means, the National Day of China arrives during the round. Wish you a nice vacation! 🎉🎉🎉</p><p>For both divisions, you will have <strong>3 hours</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his wonderful coordination.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for Russian translation and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for helping us with Russian clarifications.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\">GeZhiyuan</a> for providing all the problems and "a few" rejected problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SanweiTreap\" title=\"Grandmaster SanweiTreap\">SanweiTreap</a> for helping me prepare the problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/wangziji\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster wangziji\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">w</span>angziji</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/flowerletter\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster flowerletter\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>lowerletter</a> for Legendary Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sjcsjcsjc\" title=\"International Grandmaster sjcsjcsjc\">sjcsjcsjc</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/He_Ren\" title=\"International Grandmaster He_Ren\">He_Ren</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GaryZ005\" title=\"International Grandmaster GaryZ005\">GaryZ005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/platelet\" title=\"International Grandmaster platelet\">platelet</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/thenymphsofdelphi\" title=\"International Grandmaster thenymphsofdelphi\">thenymphsofdelphi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DerekFeng\" title=\"International Grandmaster DerekFeng\">DerekFeng</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Juanzhang\" title=\"International Grandmaster Juanzhang\">Juanzhang</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ttklwxx\" title=\"International Grandmaster ttklwxx\">ttklwxx</a> for International Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/juju527\" title=\"Grandmaster juju527\">juju527</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zimpha\" title=\"Grandmaster zimpha\">zimpha</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/765\" title=\"Grandmaster 765\">765</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/xuanquang1999\" title=\"Grandmaster xuanquang1999\">xuanquang1999</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/CrTsIr\" title=\"Grandmaster CrTsIr\">CrTsIr</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/EasonTAO\" title=\"Grandmaster EasonTAO\">EasonTAO</a> for Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/SATSKY\" title=\"Master SATSKY\">SATSKY</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/lanhf\" title=\"Master lanhf\">lanhf</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hank2019\" title=\"Master Hank2019\">Hank2019</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yakumo_Ran\" title=\"Master Yakumo_Ran\">Yakumo_Ran</a> for Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DaniraSilla\" title=\"Candidate Master DaniraSilla\">DaniraSilla</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/kriepiekrollie\" title=\"Candidate Master kriepiekrollie\">kriepiekrollie</a> for Candidate Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/raulandreipop\" title=\"Expert raulandreipop\">raulandreipop</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/micho\" title=\"Expert micho\">micho</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/alwyn\" title=\"Expert alwyn\">alwyn</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ArgintLaAnu\" title=\"Expert ArgintLaAnu\">ArgintLaAnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/IssamOtoz\" title=\"Expert IssamOtoz\">IssamOtoz</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/jakao\" title=\"Expert jakao\">jakao</a> for Expert Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/CLown1331\" title=\"Pupil CLown1331\">CLown1331</a> for Pupil Testing.</p></li> <li><p>You for participating the round.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</p></li> </ul><p>Especially, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his great contribution to the round, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a> for providing user solutions for all the problems, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> for making the announcement and tutorial more readable.</p><p>Finally and most importantly, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> for helping me with everything patiently all the time. This round can't happen without him.</p><p>The main character of the problems will be Jellyfish, a sweet little girl. 🍏🍏🍏</p><p>Score distribution:</p> <ul> <li><p>Div.1: $$$500$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$1500$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$ − $$$4000$$$ − $$$5000$$$</p></li> <li><p>Div.2: $$$500$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$2000$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$</p></li> </ul><p>Good Luck & Have Fun! 🔥🔥🔥</p><p><strong>UPD1:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120943\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p><strong>UPD2:</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Qingyu\" title=\"International Grandmaster Qingyu\">Qingyu</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/amiya\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster amiya\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>miya</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/RollingPanda\" title=\"Newbie RollingPanda\">RollingPanda</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/WanYuanShenWanDe\" title=\"Newbie WanYuanShenWanDe\">WanYuanShenWanDe</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/H_stove\" title=\"Grandmaster H_stove\">H_stove</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ooOAM\" title=\"Grandmaster ooOAM\">ooOAM</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Salley-Garden\" title=\"Master Salley-Garden\">Salley-Garden</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/i_will_be_less_than_blue\" title=\"Grandmaster i_will_be_less_than_blue\">i_will_be_less_than_blue</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a> (after the contest)</p></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Azaml\" title=\"Expert Azaml\">Azaml</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Shirotsume\" title=\"Expert Shirotsume\">Shirotsume</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/viveksingh912\" title=\"Newbie viveksingh912\">viveksingh912</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/kaiboy\" title=\"Newbie kaiboy\">kaiboy</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></div></div></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120824\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1874\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1875\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-238039-121449\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"238039\",\n blogEntryId: \"120824\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+165</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\">\n GeZhiyuan\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\">\n 231\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121303\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678\"> <p>Codeforces Round #900 (Div. 3)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Specialist AlphaMale06\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlphaMale06</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a> and I are glad to invite you to the <a href=\"/contest/1878\" title=\"Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1878\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=26&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/26/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a></p><p>You will be given <strong>7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours and 15 minutes</strong> to solve them.</p><p>Note that the <strong>penalty</strong> for the wrong submission in this round is <strong>10 minutes</strong>.</p><p>Also note that there will be a <strong>12 hour open hacking phase</strong> after the round.</p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/59228\">Remember</a>, that only the <em>trusted participants of the third division</em> will be included in the official standings table. As it is written by link, this is a compulsory measure for combating unsporting behavior. To qualify as a <em>trusted participant of the third division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them)</li> <li>do not have a point of 1900 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the third division or not, if your rating is less than 1600, the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Problems have been created and prepared by <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Expert AlphaMale06\">AlphaMale06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>.</p><p>We would also to thank:</p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for the amazing coordination and help with preparing a balanced problemset, and for giving us the opportunity to create a Div. 3 round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Polygon and Codeforces platforms.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/JovanB\" title=\"Grandmaster JovanB\">JovanB</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/abc864197532\" title=\"International Grandmaster abc864197532\">abc864197532</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sevlll777\" title=\"Grandmaster sevlll777\">sevlll777</a> for red testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/n0sk1ll\" title=\"Master n0sk1ll\">n0sk1ll</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/allllekssssa\" title=\"Master allllekssssa\">allllekssssa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/misorin\" title=\"International Master misorin\">misorin</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hyperbolic\" title=\"International Master Hyperbolic\">Hyperbolic</a> for yellow testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DAleksa\" title=\"Candidate Master DAleksa\">DAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ljuba\" title=\"Candidate Master ljuba\">ljuba</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex.kudryashov\" title=\"Candidate Master alex.kudryashov\">alex.kudryashov</a> for purple testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MihailoT\" title=\"Expert MihailoT\">MihailoT</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/SashaT9\" title=\"Expert SashaT9\">SashaT9</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ELDRVD\" title=\"Expert ELDRVD\">ELDRVD</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Chrisedyong\" title=\"Expert Chrisedyong\">Chrisedyong</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/tryptophan\" title=\"Expert tryptophan\">tryptophan</a> for blue testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Andrijanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Andrijanikolic73\">Andrijanikolic73</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Mihajlo18\" title=\"Specialist Mihajlo18\">Mihajlo18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/UrosNedic\" title=\"Specialist UrosNedic\">UrosNedic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Klaus26\" title=\"Specialist Klaus26\">Klaus26</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Escaquejant\" title=\"Specialist Escaquejant\">Escaquejant</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/smax294\" title=\"Specialist smax294\">smax294</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/max0n\" title=\"Specialist max0n\">max0n</a> for cyan testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Budimmm\" title=\"Newbie Budimmm\">Budimmm</a> for gray testing</li> </ol><p>Also a very special thanks to the most dedicated tester I have ever seen, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>.</p><p>I wish you luck, and hope you like the problems and learn from them.</p><p>Update: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120813\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p>Congratulations to the winners:</p><p>Unofficial:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SSerxhs\" title=\"International Grandmaster SSerxhs\">SSerxhs</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/neal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster neal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>eal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/risujiroh\" title=\"International Grandmaster risujiroh\">risujiroh</a></p></li> </ol><p>Official:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/hackerjohn\" title=\"Specialist hackerjohn\">hackerjohn</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/wahb\" title=\"Specialist wahb\">wahb</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/kutcoder\" title=\"Specialist kutcoder\">kutcoder</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Sxy_Limit\" title=\"Specialist Sxy_Limit\">Sxy_Limit</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/not_rainboy\" title=\"Pupil not_rainboy\">not_rainboy</a></p></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120678\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1878\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-269459-121303\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"269459\",\n blogEntryId: \"120678\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+192</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\">\n AlphaMale06\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\">\n 347\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121269\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\"> <p>Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121269/en9\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I am pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1882\" title=\"Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>, which will be held on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1882\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=25&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/25/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>All problems were written and prepared by me.</p><p>You will be given <strong>5 problems, and one of them is divided into two subtasks</strong>. You will have <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/irkstepanov\" title=\"International Master irkstepanov\">irkstepanov</a> for excellent coordination and Russian translation!</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for providing useful feedbacks.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a> for helping me much with one problem of the contest.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ko_osaga\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ko_osaga\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">k</span>o_osaga</a> for Nutella testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/leinad2\" title=\"Grandmaster leinad2\">leinad2</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Numbering\" title=\"Grandmaster Numbering\">Numbering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/qwerasdfzxcl\" title=\"International Grandmaster qwerasdfzxcl\">qwerasdfzxcl</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for Red testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kaling\" title=\"Master Kaling\">Kaling</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Mingyu331\" title=\"Master Mingyu331\">Mingyu331</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/chaeyihwan\" title=\"International Master chaeyihwan\">chaeyihwan</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\" title=\"International Master Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\">Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/azberjibiou\" title=\"International Master azberjibiou\">azberjibiou</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/mjhmjh1104\" title=\"Master mjhmjh1104\">mjhmjh1104</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DELTARUNE\" title=\"Master DELTARUNE\">DELTARUNE</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wuhudsm\" title=\"Master wuhudsm\">wuhudsm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/hypergraph_coloring\" title=\"International Master hypergraph_coloring\">hypergraph_coloring</a> for Orange testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/unordered_map\" title=\"Candidate Master unordered_map\">unordered_map</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex0211\" title=\"Candidate Master alex0211\">alex0211</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gs20036\" title=\"Candidate Master gs20036\">gs20036</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/namolbbaemi\" title=\"Candidate Master namolbbaemi\">namolbbaemi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/eeeDA\" title=\"Candidate Master eeeDA\">eeeDA</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nlog\" title=\"Candidate Master nlog\">nlog</a> for Purple testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/andyandy\" title=\"Expert andyandy\">andyandy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/JaewonOh\" title=\"Expert JaewonOh\">JaewonOh</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/KongUm\" title=\"Expert KongUm\">KongUm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Coruncanius\" title=\"Expert Coruncanius\">Coruncanius</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ez_code\" title=\"Expert ez_code\">ez_code</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/fs_edge\" title=\"Expert fs_edge\">fs_edge</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/chromate00\" title=\"Expert chromate00\">chromate00</a> for Blue testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Hanlana18\" title=\"Newbie Hanlana18\">Hanlana18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/papergundam\" title=\"Newbie papergundam\">papergundam</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sjmjys954646\" title=\"Newbie sjmjys954646\">sjmjys954646</a> for Gray testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for great Polygon and Codeforces platforms!</p></li> <li><p>And last but not least, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"https://codeforces.com/profile/\">You</a> for participating in the round!</p></li> </ul><p>Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - (2000 + 2000)$$$</p><p>Good luck and enjoy the round!</p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120792\">Editorial</a> is out. </p><p><strong>UPD2</strong>: Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Official Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Lycorisqwq\" title=\"Expert Lycorisqwq\">Lycorisqwq</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/zepto\" title=\"Unrated, zepto\">zepto</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/vjudge39\" title=\"Unrated, vjudge39\">vjudge39</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Beelzebub_blue\" title=\"Candidate Master Beelzebub_blue\">Beelzebub_blue</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/_t_W_\" title=\"Candidate Master _t_W_\">_t_W_</a></li> </ol><p><strong>Official + Unofficial Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/antontrygubO_o\" title=\"International Grandmaster antontrygubO_o\">antontrygubO_o</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KumaTachiRen\" title=\"Master KumaTachiRen\">KumaTachiRen</a></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1882\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-272374-121269\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"272374\",\n blogEntryId: \"120644\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+524</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/windva\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/windva\">\n windva\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\">\n 188\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691\"> <p>Educational Codeforces Round 155 [Rated for Div. 2]</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121316/en5\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p>On <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1879\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=24&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/24/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a> <a href=\"/contest/1879\" title=\"Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> will start.</p><p>Series of Educational Rounds continue being held as <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> initiative! You can read the details about the cooperation between <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> and Codeforces in the <a href=\"https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/51208\">blog post</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated for the participants with rating lower than 2100</strong>. It will be held on extended ICPC rules. The penalty for each incorrect submission until the submission with a full solution is 10 minutes. After the end of the contest, you will have 12 hours to hack any solution you want. You will have access to copy any solution and test it locally.</p><p>You will be given <strong>6 or 7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>The problems were invented and prepared by Adilbek <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/adedalic\" title=\"International Master adedalic\">adedalic</a> Dalabaev, Ivan <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\">BledDest</a> Androsov, Maksim <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Neon\" title=\"Candidate Master Neon\">Neon</a> Mescheryakov, Roman <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Roms\" title=\"Master Roms\">Roms</a> Glazov and me. Also, huge thanks to Mike <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> Mirzayanov for great systems Polygon and Codeforces.</p><p>Good luck to all the participants!</p><p>Our friends at Harbour.Space also have a message for you:</p> <center><img alt=\"Harbour.Space\" src=\"/predownloaded/29/a4/29a4884273346021dec6559e9785af37a662cc56.png\" style=\"height: 200.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></center> <center style=\"margin: 1.0em;\"><b>FULLY FUNDED SCHOLARSHIPS for Masters in Data Science and Computer Science </b></center><p><em>Scholarships for Master's students in <a href=\"https://harbour.space/computer-science\">Computer Science</a> and <a href=\"https://harbour.space/data-science\">Data Science</a> are available in <a href=\"https://harbour.space\">Harbour.Space University</a> Barcelona campus!</em> </p><p><strong>Scholarship Summary:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>Fully funded scholarship (29.900 €/year) to study a Master’s degree in Data Science or Computer Science for two years</em></li> <li><em>Successful applicants will become part of the University’s “Talent pool” and will be shown to the sponsoring companies. In case the candidate is picked for the Work&Study Program from our industry partner, the student starts an internship with a commitment to study 3 hours/day and work for 4 hour/day</em></li> </ul><p><em>Please note preselected candidates will be requested to pay a non-refundable application fee of 85€ to study at Harbour.Space University.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s commitment:</strong></em></p><p><em>You will complete 15 modules (each three weeks long) in one year. The daily class workload is 3 hours, plus homework to complete in your own time.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s requirements:</strong></em> </p> <ul> <li><em>Bachelor's degree in the field of Mathematics, Statistics, Data Science, Computer Science or similar</em></li> <li><em>English proficiency</em></li> <li><em>Advanced knowledge and experience in Python, SQL, Spark/Scala, and bash</em></li> <li><em>Experienced use of Big Data technologies: Spark, HDFS, Kafka, etc.</em></li> <li><em>Hands-on experience with Data Science techniques: feature engineering,</em></li> <li><em>Strong ML knowledge</em></li> <li><em>Strong Software Engineering Background</em></li> <li><em>Problem-solving aptitude</em></li> </ul> <center style=\"margin: 2.5em;\"> <a href=\"https://harbour.space/account/apply-process?utm_source=codeforces&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=bcn_b2b\" style=\"text-decoration: none;font-size: 14.0px;background-color: rgb(98,91,183);color: white;font-weight: bold;padding: 0.5em 1.0em;\">Apply here →</a> </center><p><strong>UPD:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120773\">Editorial is out</a> </p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120691\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1879\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-42750-121316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"42750\",\n blogEntryId: \"120691\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+245</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/awoo\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/awoo\">\n awoo\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\">\n 189\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121227\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602\"> <p>Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\" title=\"Candidate Master mesanu\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">mesanu</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121227/en2\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and I want to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1873\" title=\"Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1873\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=21&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/21/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>The format of the event will be identical to Div. 3 rounds:</p> <ul> <li>5-8 tasks;</li> <li>ICPC rules with a penalty of 10 minutes for an incorrect submission;</li> <li>12-hour phase of open hacks after the end of the round (hacks do not give additional points)</li> <li>after the end of the open hacking phase, all solutions will be tested on the updated set of tests, and the ratings recalculated</li> <li>by default, only "trusted" participants are shown in the results table (but the rating will be recalculated for all with initial ratings less than 1400 or you are an unrated participant/newcomer).</li> </ul><p>We urge participants whose rating is 1400+ not to register new accounts for the purpose of narcissism but to take part unofficially. Please do not spoil the contest for the official participants.</p><p>Only <em>trusted participants of the fourth division</em> will be included in the official standings table. This is a forced measure for combating unsporting behaviour. To qualify as <em>a trusted participant of the fourth division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them),</li> <li>do not have a point of 1400 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the fourth division or not, if your rating is less than 1400 (or you are a newcomer/unrated), then the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Many thanks to the testers: <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Gheal\" title=\"Master Gheal\">Gheal</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Phantom_Performer\" title=\"Master Phantom_Performer\">Phantom_Performer</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KrowSavcik\" title=\"Master KrowSavcik\">KrowSavcik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/haochenkang\" title=\"Specialist haochenkang\">haochenkang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/sandry24\" title=\"Specialist sandry24\">sandry24</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/NintsiChkhaidze\" title=\"Candidate Master NintsiChkhaidze\">NintsiChkhaidze</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/erekle\" title=\"International Master erekle\">erekle</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Dominater069\" title=\"Grandmaster Dominater069\">Dominater069</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MADE_IN_HEAVEN\" title=\"Expert MADE_IN_HEAVEN\">MADE_IN_HEAVEN</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Qualified\" title=\"Expert Qualified\">Qualified</a>.</p><p>We suggest reading all of the problems and hope you will find them interesting!</p><p><strong>Good Luck!</strong></p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120634\">Editorial is out!</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120602\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1873\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-188642-121227\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"188642\",\n blogEntryId: \"120602\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+200</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\">\n mesanu\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\">\n 179\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121083\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458\"> <p>CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\" title=\"Grandmaster glebustim\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">glebustim</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121083/en8\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3>Hello, Codeforces!</h3><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SomethingNew\" title=\"International Grandmaster SomethingNew\">SomethingNew</a> and I are glad to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1870\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a>, which will take place on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1870\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=18&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/18/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. You will have 2 hours 15 minutes to solve 8 problems. The round will be rated for everyone.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/74TrAkToR\" title=\"International Master 74TrAkToR\">74TrAkToR</a> for coordinating this round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/isaf27\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster isaf27\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>saf27</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ugly2333\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ugly2333\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">u</span>gly2333</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DataStructures\" title=\"Grandmaster DataStructures\">DataStructures</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Little09\" title=\"International Grandmaster Little09\">Little09</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kieray\" title=\"Master Kieray\">Kieray</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Dart-Xeyter\" title=\"International Master Dart-Xeyter\">Dart-Xeyter</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/meowcneil\" title=\"Master meowcneil\">meowcneil</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/127.0.0.1\" title=\"Master 127.0.0.1\">127.0.0.1</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Nanani\" title=\"Candidate Master Nanani\">Nanani</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nnv-nick\" title=\"Candidate Master nnv-nick\">nnv-nick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/SomethingDifferent\" title=\"Candidate Master SomethingDifferent\">SomethingDifferent</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/vl342\" title=\"Expert vl342\">vl342</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/shiv_codegen\" title=\"Expert shiv_codegen\">shiv_codegen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/M1lkas\" title=\"Specialist M1lkas\">M1lkas</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/allmath\" title=\"Pupil allmath\">allmath</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sdyakonov\" title=\"Newbie sdyakonov\">sdyakonov</a> for testing the round and providing useful feedback.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</li> </ul><h4><strong>Score distribution:</strong></h4><p>500 — 750 — 1500 — 1750 — 2750 — 3250 — 3250 — 4000</p><p>We hope that our problems will be interesting for you!</p><h4><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120524\">Editorial</a></h4><p><strong>Congratulations to the winners!</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/emptyhope\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster emptyhope\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">e</span>mptyhope</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maspy\" title=\"International Grandmaster maspy\">maspy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/AoLiGei\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster AoLiGei\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">A</span>oLiGei</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/noimi\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster noimi\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>oimi</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></li> </ol><p>And here is the information from our title sponsor:</p><p><img src=\"/predownloaded/ce/9f/ce9f87d5c429f47e7691bef3a8934ebf36af3f15.jpg\" style=\"width: 250.0px;float: right;margin: 0 1.0em 1.0em 1.0em;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p><em>Hello, Codeforces!</em></p><p><em>We, the <a href=\"https://ton.org/\">TON Foundation</a> team, are pleased to support CodeTON Round 6.</em></p><p><em>The Open Network (TON) is a fully decentralized layer-1 blockchain designed to onboard billions of users to Web3.</em></p><p><em>Since July 2022, <a href=\"/blog/entry/104544\">we have been supporting</a> Codeforces as a title sponsor. This round is another way for us to contribute to the development of the community.</em></p><p><em>The winners of CodeTON Round 6 will receive valuable prizes.</em></p><p><em>The first 1,023 participants will receive prizes in TON cryptocurrency:</em></p> <ul> <li><em>1st place: 1,024 TON</em></li> <li><em>2–3 places: 512 TON each</em></li> <li><em>4–7 places: 256 TON each</em></li> <li><em>8–15 places: 128 TON each</em></li> <li><em>…</em></li> <li><em>512–1,023 places: 2 TON each</em></li> </ul><p><em>We wish you good luck at CodeTON Round 6 and hope you enjoy the contest!</em></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120458\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1870\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-223600-121083\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"223600\",\n blogEntryId: \"120458\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+394</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\">\n glebustim\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\">\n 171\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"120865\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240\"> <p>Codeforces Round #897 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">salyg1n</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces! 🤯</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/green_gold_dog\" title=\"Grandmaster green_gold_dog\">green_gold_dog</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ace5\" title=\"International Master ace5\">ace5</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> and I <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\">salyg1n</a> are pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/1867\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a>, which will take place on <a href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=11&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\">Monday, September 11, 2023 in 17:35</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated</strong> for participants whose <strong>rating is below 2100</strong>.</p><p>You will be given 6 tasks and 2 hours to solve them. We recommend reading all the tasks. <strong>Interactive tasks may occur in the round</strong>, so we suggest reading this <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/45307\">post</a>.</p><p>We want to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Aleks5d\" title=\"Grandmaster Aleks5d\">Aleks5d</a> for coordinating the round and improving one of the tasks. 🤓</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Allvik06\" title=\"International Grandmaster Allvik06\">Allvik06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Nutella3000\" title=\"Grandmaster Nutella3000\">Nutella3000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/arbuzick\" title=\"International Grandmaster arbuzick\">arbuzick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/alegsandyr\" title=\"Grandmaster alegsandyr\">alegsandyr</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/FairyWinx\" title=\"Grandmaster FairyWinx\">FairyWinx</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zwezdinv\" title=\"Grandmaster zwezdinv\">zwezdinv</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/valerikk\" title=\"Master valerikk\">valerikk</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/danya111\" title=\"Master danya111\">danya111</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/EJIC_B_KEDAX\" title=\"Master EJIC_B_KEDAX\">EJIC_B_KEDAX</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/dushenkov\" title=\"Master dushenkov\">dushenkov</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/aleksandro\" title=\"Master aleksandro\">aleksandro</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yar_sem\" title=\"Master Yar_sem\">Yar_sem</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/asafiul\" title=\"Master asafiul\">asafiul</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Ivan_len\" title=\"Candidate Master Ivan_len\">Ivan_len</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArtAlex\" title=\"Candidate Master ArtAlex\">ArtAlex</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Undying\" title=\"Candidate Master Undying\">Undying</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/JustNik77\" title=\"Candidate Master JustNik77\">JustNik77</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Pavarishko\" title=\"Candidate Master Pavarishko\">Pavarishko</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/xnor\" title=\"Candidate Master xnor\">xnor</a> for testing the round and giving valuable feedback. 🙏 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">orz</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ryskmax\" title=\"Expert ryskmax\">ryskmax</a> for being the only blue tester and giving valuable feedback. 🐳 </p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DimaTomsk\" title=\"Master DimaTomsk\">DimaTomsk</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ilyakrasnovv\" title=\"Master ilyakrasnovv\">ilyakrasnovv</a> for viewing some of the tasks and giving valuable feedback. 🤠 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\"></span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/stepanov.aa\" title=\"Grandmaster stepanov.aa\">stepanov.aa</a> for <strong>not</strong> testing the round. 🦥 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">:(</span></p></li> <li><p>The authors of the task <em>5. Overtaking</em> from IOI 2023 for <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> taking a <strong>gold medal</strong>. 🥇 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Too dead? Yes, so am I.</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/geranazavr555\" title=\"Headquarters, geranazavr555\">geranazavr555</a> for the excellent codeforces and polygon platforms. 🦖 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Thank you!</span></p></li> </ul><p>We hope you'll enjoy our problems! Good luck!</p><p><strong>UPD.</strong> Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1250 - 2000 - (2000 + 1000) - 4000$$$.</p><p><strong>UPD2.</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Div. 2</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/candidatecandidatemaster\" title=\"Candidate Master candidatecandidatemaster\">candidatecandidatemaster</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Coreopsis\" title=\"Specialist Coreopsis\">Coreopsis</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/iFFT\" title=\"Expert iFFT\">iFFT</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Dorothy__\" title=\"Expert Dorothy__\">Dorothy__</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/wfoifysaasisufgv\" title=\"Newbie wfoifysaasisufgv\">wfoifysaasisufgv</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>Div. 1</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/arvindf232\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster arvindf232\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>rvindf232</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Rubikun\" title=\"International Grandmaster Rubikun\">Rubikun</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Vercingetorix\" title=\"International Grandmaster Vercingetorix\">Vercingetorix</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>UPD3.</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120353\">Editorial.</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120240\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1867\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-230855-120865\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"230855\",\n blogEntryId: \"120240\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+280</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\">\n salyg1n\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\">\n 218\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"pagination\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <span class=\"inactive\">←</span>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index active\" pageIndex=\"1\"><a href=\"/page/1\">1</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index\" pageIndex=\"2\"><a href=\"/page/2\">2</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span 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Rectangle and Square"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Rectangle and Square</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes rectangles and especially squares. Recently he has received 8 points on the plane as a gift from his mother. The points are pairwise distinct. Petya decided to split them into two sets each containing 4 points so that the points from the first set lay at the vertexes of some square and the points from the second set lay at the vertexes of a rectangle. Each point of initial 8 should belong to exactly one set. It is acceptable for a rectangle from the second set was also a square. If there are several partitions, Petya will be satisfied by any of them. Help him find such partition. Note that the rectangle and the square from the partition should have non-zero areas. The sides of the figures <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">do not have</span> to be parallel to the coordinate axes, though it might be the case.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>You are given 8 pairs of integers, a pair per line — the coordinates of the points Petya has. The absolute value of all coordinates does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>. It is guaranteed that no two points coincide.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print in the first output line \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">YES</span>\" (without the quotes), if the desired partition exists. In the second line output 4 space-separated numbers — point indexes from the input, which lie at the vertexes of the square. The points are numbered starting from 1. The numbers can be printed in any order. In the third line print the indexes of points lying at the vertexes of a rectangle in the similar format. All printed numbers should be pairwise distinct.</p><p>If the required partition does not exist, the first line should contain the word \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>\" (without the quotes), after which no output is needed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br/>10 11<br/>10 0<br/>0 11<br/>1 1<br/>2 2<br/>2 1<br/>1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br/>5 6 7 8<br/>1 2 3 4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br/>1 1<br/>2 2<br/>3 3<br/>4 4<br/>5 5<br/>6 6<br/>7 7<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br/>4 4<br/>4 0<br/>0 4<br/>1 2<br/>2 3<br/>3 2<br/>2 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br/>1 2 3 4<br/>5 6 7 8<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Pay attention to the third example: the figures do not necessarily have to be parallel to the coordinate axes.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"9ed08d513247e713ef862ead1b4daae7\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fe37256c9859c9bbbc55bd87d1042eca2c37bc07\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/136\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='9ed08d513247e713ef862ead1b4daae7'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/136/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Brute force\">\r\n brute force\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Geometry, computational geometry\">\r\n geometry\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1600\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='9ed08d513247e713ef862ead1b4daae7'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"714\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='9ed08d513247e713ef862ead1b4daae7'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"714\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 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1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3352\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"926\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"927:928\" resourceName=\"Tutorial #2\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" 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}\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_6f42adba55aec099ec4225e3aefc8ad92ece1309\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Rectangle and Square</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes rectangles and especially squares. Recently he has received 8 points on the plane as a gift from his mother. The points are pairwise distinct. Petya decided to split them into two sets each containing 4 points so that the points from the first set lay at the vertexes of some square and the points from the second set lay at the vertexes of a rectangle. Each point of initial 8 should belong to exactly one set. It is acceptable for a rectangle from the second set was also a square. If there are several partitions, Petya will be satisfied by any of them. Help him find such partition. Note that the rectangle and the square from the partition should have non-zero areas. The sides of the figures <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">do not have</span> to be parallel to the coordinate axes, though it might be the case.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>You are given 8 pairs of integers, a pair per line — the coordinates of the points Petya has. The absolute value of all coordinates does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>. It is guaranteed that no two points coincide.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print in the first output line "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">YES</span>" (without the quotes), if the desired partition exists. In the second line output 4 space-separated numbers — point indexes from the input, which lie at the vertexes of the square. The points are numbered starting from 1. The numbers can be printed in any order. In the third line print the indexes of points lying at the vertexes of a rectangle in the similar format. All printed numbers should be pairwise distinct.</p><p>If the required partition does not exist, the first line should contain the word "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>" (without the quotes), after which no output is needed.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br />10 11<br />10 0<br />0 11<br />1 1<br />2 2<br />2 1<br />1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br />5 6 7 8<br />1 2 3 4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br />1 1<br />2 2<br />3 3<br />4 4<br />5 5<br />6 6<br />7 7<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>0 0<br />4 4<br />4 0<br />0 4<br />1 2<br />2 3<br />3 2<br />2 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>YES<br />1 2 3 4<br />5 6 7 8<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Pay attention to the third example: the figures do not necessarily have to be parallel to the coordinate axes.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=D]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n 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dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='916c2e9cc1edf26810813c0fb9bfcd53'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121650\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\"> <p>Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><img alt=\"logo\" src=\"/predownloaded/e3/33/e333915aebea955b43b4ad17845f6dbf58875a0c.png\" style=\"float: right;height: 100.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p>Sugeng enjing, <strong>Codeforces</strong>! 🥰🥰🥰🥰</p><p>COMPFEST 15 is happy to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1876\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1877\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1876\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=8&month=10&year=2023&hour=12&min=5&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Oct/08/2023 12:05 (Moscow time)</span></a>. Both rounds will be <strong>rated</strong>. You will be given <strong>2 hours and 30 minutes</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><h2><strong>Note the unusual time of the round</strong>.</h2><p>The problems are written by <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\">Pyqe</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a>.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/KAN\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>AN</a> for helping to host the round;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ScarletS\" title=\"Master ScarletS\">ScarletS</a> for the based coordination;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gansixeneh\" title=\"Candidate Master gansixeneh\">gansixeneh</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a> for helping with the problem preparation;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/CyberSleeper\" title=\"Expert CyberSleeper\">CyberSleeper</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Edbert.H\" title=\"Expert Edbert.H\">Edbert.H</a> for providing alternate solutions in the early stages;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for writing the Russian translations;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Aaeria\" title=\"Master Aaeria\">Aaeria</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AMnu\" title=\"Expert AMnu\">AMnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Berted\" title=\"Master Berted\">Berted</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/buffering\" title=\"Specialist buffering\">buffering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Drew_\" title=\"Master Drew_\">Drew_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/dorijanlendvaj\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster dorijanlendvaj\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">d</span>orijanlendvaj</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/eggag32\" title=\"Master eggag32\">eggag32</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Elben85\" title=\"Candidate Master Elben85\">Elben85</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/emorgan5289\" title=\"International Grandmaster emorgan5289\">emorgan5289</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/faustaadp\" title=\"Master faustaadp\">faustaadp</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ffao\" title=\"International Grandmaster ffao\">ffao</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/gamegame\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster gamegame\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">g</span>amegame</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\">hocky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Insta-x\" title=\"Expert Insta-x\">Insta-x</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/jdurie\" title=\"Grandmaster jdurie\">jdurie</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/joelgun14\" title=\"Master joelgun14\">joelgun14</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/KerakTelor\" title=\"Candidate Master KerakTelor\">KerakTelor</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Marky\" title=\"Expert Marky\">Marky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Murinh0\" title=\"Expert Murinh0\">Murinh0</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/nvmdava\" title=\"Grandmaster nvmdava\">nvmdava</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/nyab\" title=\"Master nyab\">nyab</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Owmicron\" title=\"Master Owmicron\">Owmicron</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/prvocislo\" title=\"Grandmaster prvocislo\">prvocislo</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/PurpleCrayon\" title=\"International Grandmaster PurpleCrayon\">PurpleCrayon</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/rama_pang\" title=\"Grandmaster rama_pang\">rama_pang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/TakeMe\" title=\"Expert TakeMe\">TakeMe</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/sahil_k\" title=\"Expert sahil_k\">sahil_k</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/user202729_\" title=\"International Grandmaster user202729_\">user202729_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/WHCPP\" title=\"Pupil WHCPP\">WHCPP</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ZeroScar\" title=\"Candidate Master ZeroScar\">ZeroScar</a> for testing the contest and providing us very useful feedback;</li> <li>Universitas Indonesia, all the local committees, administrators, and managers of the whole COMPFEST event;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Codeforces and Polygon platform!</li> </ul><p>COMPFEST itself is an annual event hosted by Universitas Indonesia. It is the largest student-run IT event in Indonesia and competitive programming contest is one of the competitions hosted.</p><p>We hope you will enjoy and have fun in the contest. Muga-muga beja lan isa entuk biji apik!! 💪💪🔥🔥</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1876\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1877\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-118490-121650\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"118490\",\n blogEntryId: \"121025\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+359</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n.ComplaintFrame {\n display: inline-block;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0;\n right: -1.4em;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a {\n text-decoration: none;\n color: #ff8c00;\n opacity: 0.5;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a:hover {\n opacity: 1;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup p,\n._ComplaintFrame_popup button {\n margin-top: 1rem;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup input[type=submit] {\n padding: 0.25rem 2rem;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup ul {\n margin-top: 1em !important;\n margin-bottom: 1em !important;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n $(\".ComplaintFrame a\").click(function () {\n const $complaintFrame = $(this).closest(\".ComplaintFrame\");\n const targetId = $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetId\");\n const targetClass = $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetClass\");\n\n Codeforces.facebox(\"._ComplaintFrame_popup\", \"//codeforces.org/s/81027\");\n\n $.post(\"/data/complaint\", {\n action: \"findComplaintReasons\",\n targetClass: $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetClass\"),\n targetId: $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetId\")\n }, function (response) {\n if (response.success === \"true\") {\n const complaintReasons = response.complaintReasons;\n const complaint = response.complaint;\n\n const $popup = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_popup\");\n for (const complaintReason of complaintReasons) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", complaintReason.id);\n $li.find(\"span\")\n .html(getLocalizedName(complaintReason)\n + \" <i class=\\\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\\\" title=\\\"\"\n + getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason)\n + \"\\\"></i>\")\n .attr(\"title\", getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n if (complaint && complaint.complaintReasonId === complaintReason.id) {\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"checked\", \"checked\");\n }\n $li.find(\".clickable-title\").click(function () {\n alert(getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n return false;\n }).css(\"position\", \"relative\").css(\"bottom\", \"1px\").css(\"font-size\", \"12px\");\n }\n\n if (complaint) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", 0);\n $li.find(\"span\").html(\"Delete complaint\");\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n }\n\n $popup.find(\"._ComplaintFrame_submitForm\").submit(function () {\n const complaintReasonId = $popup.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]:checked\").val();\n if (complaintReasonId === undefined) {\n alert(\"Please select complaint reason\");\n return false;\n }\n\n $.post(\"/data/complaint\", {\n action: \"newComplaint\",\n targetClass: targetClass,\n targetId: targetId,\n complaintReasonId: complaintReasonId\n }, function (response) {\n if (response.success === \"true\") {\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Complaint has been created\");\n $.facebox.close();\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n}); </script>\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\">\n Pyqe\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\">\n 41\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n function adjustTopicComplainFrames() {\r\n let topicIds = [];\r\n\r\n $(\".has-topic-id\").each(function () {\r\n const $this = $(this);\r\n const topicId = $this.attr(\"topicId\");\r\n if (topicId) {\r\n topicIds.push(topicId);\r\n }\r\n });\r\n\r\n $.post(\"/data/topics\", {\r\n action: \"findComplainableTopicIds\",\r\n topicIds: topicIds.join(\",\")\r\n }, function (json) {\r\n if (json[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n for (const topicId of json[\"complainableTopicIds\"].split(\",\")) {\r\n $(\".has-topic-id[topicId=\" + topicId + \"]\").each(function () {\r\n $(this).find(\".meta .ComplaintFrame\").css(\"display\", \"inline-block\");\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n $(function () {\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121739\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114\"> <p>Codeforces Command Lines (2023-10-06)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Vladosiya</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121739/en7\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>We've compiled a list of command lines that Codeforces uses to compile and run solutions in various languages and compilers.</p><p>It is up-to-date as of today (2023-10-06), and we will make efforts to keep it current in the future, but this is not guaranteed.</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121114\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-73866-121739\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"73866\",\n blogEntryId: \"121114\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compilers\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compilers</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compiler+options\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compiler options</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=languages\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">languages</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+235</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\">\n Vladosiya\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\">\n 8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121449\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824\"> <p>Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I'm pleased to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1874\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1875\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a>. It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1874\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=30&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/30/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. It also means, the National Day of China arrives during the round. Wish you a nice vacation! 🎉🎉🎉</p><p>For both divisions, you will have <strong>3 hours</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his wonderful coordination.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for Russian translation and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for helping us with Russian clarifications.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\">GeZhiyuan</a> for providing all the problems and "a few" rejected problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SanweiTreap\" title=\"Grandmaster SanweiTreap\">SanweiTreap</a> for helping me prepare the problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/wangziji\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster wangziji\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">w</span>angziji</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/flowerletter\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster flowerletter\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>lowerletter</a> for Legendary Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sjcsjcsjc\" title=\"International Grandmaster sjcsjcsjc\">sjcsjcsjc</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/He_Ren\" title=\"International Grandmaster He_Ren\">He_Ren</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GaryZ005\" title=\"International Grandmaster GaryZ005\">GaryZ005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/platelet\" title=\"International Grandmaster platelet\">platelet</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/thenymphsofdelphi\" title=\"International Grandmaster thenymphsofdelphi\">thenymphsofdelphi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DerekFeng\" title=\"International Grandmaster DerekFeng\">DerekFeng</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Juanzhang\" title=\"International Grandmaster Juanzhang\">Juanzhang</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ttklwxx\" title=\"International Grandmaster ttklwxx\">ttklwxx</a> for International Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/juju527\" title=\"Grandmaster juju527\">juju527</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zimpha\" title=\"Grandmaster zimpha\">zimpha</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/765\" title=\"Grandmaster 765\">765</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/xuanquang1999\" title=\"Grandmaster xuanquang1999\">xuanquang1999</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/CrTsIr\" title=\"Grandmaster CrTsIr\">CrTsIr</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/EasonTAO\" title=\"Grandmaster EasonTAO\">EasonTAO</a> for Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/SATSKY\" title=\"Master SATSKY\">SATSKY</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/lanhf\" title=\"Master lanhf\">lanhf</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hank2019\" title=\"Master Hank2019\">Hank2019</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yakumo_Ran\" title=\"Master Yakumo_Ran\">Yakumo_Ran</a> for Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DaniraSilla\" title=\"Candidate Master DaniraSilla\">DaniraSilla</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/kriepiekrollie\" title=\"Candidate Master kriepiekrollie\">kriepiekrollie</a> for Candidate Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/raulandreipop\" title=\"Expert raulandreipop\">raulandreipop</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/micho\" title=\"Expert micho\">micho</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/alwyn\" title=\"Expert alwyn\">alwyn</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ArgintLaAnu\" title=\"Expert ArgintLaAnu\">ArgintLaAnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/IssamOtoz\" title=\"Expert IssamOtoz\">IssamOtoz</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/jakao\" title=\"Expert jakao\">jakao</a> for Expert Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/CLown1331\" title=\"Pupil CLown1331\">CLown1331</a> for Pupil Testing.</p></li> <li><p>You for participating the round.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</p></li> </ul><p>Especially, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his great contribution to the round, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a> for providing user solutions for all the problems, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> for making the announcement and tutorial more readable.</p><p>Finally and most importantly, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> for helping me with everything patiently all the time. This round can't happen without him.</p><p>The main character of the problems will be Jellyfish, a sweet little girl. 🍏🍏🍏</p><p>Score distribution:</p> <ul> <li><p>Div.1: $$$500$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$1500$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$ − $$$4000$$$ − $$$5000$$$</p></li> <li><p>Div.2: $$$500$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$2000$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$</p></li> </ul><p>Good Luck & Have Fun! 🔥🔥🔥</p><p><strong>UPD1:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120943\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p><strong>UPD2:</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Qingyu\" title=\"International Grandmaster Qingyu\">Qingyu</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/amiya\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster amiya\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>miya</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/RollingPanda\" title=\"Newbie RollingPanda\">RollingPanda</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/WanYuanShenWanDe\" title=\"Newbie WanYuanShenWanDe\">WanYuanShenWanDe</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/H_stove\" title=\"Grandmaster H_stove\">H_stove</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ooOAM\" title=\"Grandmaster ooOAM\">ooOAM</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Salley-Garden\" title=\"Master Salley-Garden\">Salley-Garden</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/i_will_be_less_than_blue\" title=\"Grandmaster i_will_be_less_than_blue\">i_will_be_less_than_blue</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a> (after the contest)</p></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Azaml\" title=\"Expert Azaml\">Azaml</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Shirotsume\" title=\"Expert Shirotsume\">Shirotsume</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/viveksingh912\" title=\"Newbie viveksingh912\">viveksingh912</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/kaiboy\" title=\"Newbie kaiboy\">kaiboy</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></div></div></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120824\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1874\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1875\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-238039-121449\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"238039\",\n blogEntryId: \"120824\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+165</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\">\n GeZhiyuan\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\">\n 231\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121303\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678\"> <p>Codeforces Round #900 (Div. 3)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Specialist AlphaMale06\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlphaMale06</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a> and I are glad to invite you to the <a href=\"/contest/1878\" title=\"Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1878\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=26&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/26/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a></p><p>You will be given <strong>7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours and 15 minutes</strong> to solve them.</p><p>Note that the <strong>penalty</strong> for the wrong submission in this round is <strong>10 minutes</strong>.</p><p>Also note that there will be a <strong>12 hour open hacking phase</strong> after the round.</p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/59228\">Remember</a>, that only the <em>trusted participants of the third division</em> will be included in the official standings table. As it is written by link, this is a compulsory measure for combating unsporting behavior. To qualify as a <em>trusted participant of the third division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them)</li> <li>do not have a point of 1900 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the third division or not, if your rating is less than 1600, the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Problems have been created and prepared by <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Expert AlphaMale06\">AlphaMale06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>.</p><p>We would also to thank:</p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for the amazing coordination and help with preparing a balanced problemset, and for giving us the opportunity to create a Div. 3 round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Polygon and Codeforces platforms.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/JovanB\" title=\"Grandmaster JovanB\">JovanB</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/abc864197532\" title=\"International Grandmaster abc864197532\">abc864197532</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sevlll777\" title=\"Grandmaster sevlll777\">sevlll777</a> for red testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/n0sk1ll\" title=\"Master n0sk1ll\">n0sk1ll</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/allllekssssa\" title=\"Master allllekssssa\">allllekssssa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/misorin\" title=\"International Master misorin\">misorin</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hyperbolic\" title=\"International Master Hyperbolic\">Hyperbolic</a> for yellow testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DAleksa\" title=\"Candidate Master DAleksa\">DAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ljuba\" title=\"Candidate Master ljuba\">ljuba</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex.kudryashov\" title=\"Candidate Master alex.kudryashov\">alex.kudryashov</a> for purple testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MihailoT\" title=\"Expert MihailoT\">MihailoT</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/SashaT9\" title=\"Expert SashaT9\">SashaT9</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ELDRVD\" title=\"Expert ELDRVD\">ELDRVD</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Chrisedyong\" title=\"Expert Chrisedyong\">Chrisedyong</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/tryptophan\" title=\"Expert tryptophan\">tryptophan</a> for blue testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Andrijanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Andrijanikolic73\">Andrijanikolic73</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Mihajlo18\" title=\"Specialist Mihajlo18\">Mihajlo18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/UrosNedic\" title=\"Specialist UrosNedic\">UrosNedic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Klaus26\" title=\"Specialist Klaus26\">Klaus26</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Escaquejant\" title=\"Specialist Escaquejant\">Escaquejant</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/smax294\" title=\"Specialist smax294\">smax294</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/max0n\" title=\"Specialist max0n\">max0n</a> for cyan testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Budimmm\" title=\"Newbie Budimmm\">Budimmm</a> for gray testing</li> </ol><p>Also a very special thanks to the most dedicated tester I have ever seen, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>.</p><p>I wish you luck, and hope you like the problems and learn from them.</p><p>Update: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120813\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p>Congratulations to the winners:</p><p>Unofficial:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SSerxhs\" title=\"International Grandmaster SSerxhs\">SSerxhs</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/neal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster neal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>eal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/risujiroh\" title=\"International Grandmaster risujiroh\">risujiroh</a></p></li> </ol><p>Official:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/hackerjohn\" title=\"Specialist hackerjohn\">hackerjohn</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/wahb\" title=\"Specialist wahb\">wahb</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/kutcoder\" title=\"Specialist kutcoder\">kutcoder</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Sxy_Limit\" title=\"Specialist Sxy_Limit\">Sxy_Limit</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/not_rainboy\" title=\"Pupil not_rainboy\">not_rainboy</a></p></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120678\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1878\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-269459-121303\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"269459\",\n blogEntryId: \"120678\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+192</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\">\n AlphaMale06\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\">\n 347\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121269\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\"> <p>Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121269/en9\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I am pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1882\" title=\"Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>, which will be held on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1882\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=25&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/25/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>All problems were written and prepared by me.</p><p>You will be given <strong>5 problems, and one of them is divided into two subtasks</strong>. You will have <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/irkstepanov\" title=\"International Master irkstepanov\">irkstepanov</a> for excellent coordination and Russian translation!</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for providing useful feedbacks.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a> for helping me much with one problem of the contest.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ko_osaga\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ko_osaga\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">k</span>o_osaga</a> for Nutella testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/leinad2\" title=\"Grandmaster leinad2\">leinad2</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Numbering\" title=\"Grandmaster Numbering\">Numbering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/qwerasdfzxcl\" title=\"International Grandmaster qwerasdfzxcl\">qwerasdfzxcl</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for Red testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kaling\" title=\"Master Kaling\">Kaling</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Mingyu331\" title=\"Master Mingyu331\">Mingyu331</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/chaeyihwan\" title=\"International Master chaeyihwan\">chaeyihwan</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\" title=\"International Master Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\">Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/azberjibiou\" title=\"International Master azberjibiou\">azberjibiou</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/mjhmjh1104\" title=\"Master mjhmjh1104\">mjhmjh1104</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DELTARUNE\" title=\"Master DELTARUNE\">DELTARUNE</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wuhudsm\" title=\"Master wuhudsm\">wuhudsm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/hypergraph_coloring\" title=\"International Master hypergraph_coloring\">hypergraph_coloring</a> for Orange testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/unordered_map\" title=\"Candidate Master unordered_map\">unordered_map</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex0211\" title=\"Candidate Master alex0211\">alex0211</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gs20036\" title=\"Candidate Master gs20036\">gs20036</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/namolbbaemi\" title=\"Candidate Master namolbbaemi\">namolbbaemi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/eeeDA\" title=\"Candidate Master eeeDA\">eeeDA</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nlog\" title=\"Candidate Master nlog\">nlog</a> for Purple testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/andyandy\" title=\"Expert andyandy\">andyandy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/JaewonOh\" title=\"Expert JaewonOh\">JaewonOh</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/KongUm\" title=\"Expert KongUm\">KongUm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Coruncanius\" title=\"Expert Coruncanius\">Coruncanius</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ez_code\" title=\"Expert ez_code\">ez_code</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/fs_edge\" title=\"Expert fs_edge\">fs_edge</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/chromate00\" title=\"Expert chromate00\">chromate00</a> for Blue testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Hanlana18\" title=\"Newbie Hanlana18\">Hanlana18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/papergundam\" title=\"Newbie papergundam\">papergundam</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sjmjys954646\" title=\"Newbie sjmjys954646\">sjmjys954646</a> for Gray testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for great Polygon and Codeforces platforms!</p></li> <li><p>And last but not least, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"https://codeforces.com/profile/\">You</a> for participating in the round!</p></li> </ul><p>Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - (2000 + 2000)$$$</p><p>Good luck and enjoy the round!</p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120792\">Editorial</a> is out. </p><p><strong>UPD2</strong>: Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Official Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Lycorisqwq\" title=\"Expert Lycorisqwq\">Lycorisqwq</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/zepto\" title=\"Unrated, zepto\">zepto</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/vjudge39\" title=\"Unrated, vjudge39\">vjudge39</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Beelzebub_blue\" title=\"Candidate Master Beelzebub_blue\">Beelzebub_blue</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/_t_W_\" title=\"Candidate Master _t_W_\">_t_W_</a></li> </ol><p><strong>Official + Unofficial Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/antontrygubO_o\" title=\"International Grandmaster antontrygubO_o\">antontrygubO_o</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KumaTachiRen\" title=\"Master KumaTachiRen\">KumaTachiRen</a></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1882\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-272374-121269\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"272374\",\n blogEntryId: \"120644\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+524</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/windva\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/windva\">\n windva\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\">\n 188\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691\"> <p>Educational Codeforces Round 155 [Rated for Div. 2]</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121316/en5\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p>On <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1879\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=24&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/24/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a> <a href=\"/contest/1879\" title=\"Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> will start.</p><p>Series of Educational Rounds continue being held as <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> initiative! You can read the details about the cooperation between <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> and Codeforces in the <a href=\"https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/51208\">blog post</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated for the participants with rating lower than 2100</strong>. It will be held on extended ICPC rules. The penalty for each incorrect submission until the submission with a full solution is 10 minutes. After the end of the contest, you will have 12 hours to hack any solution you want. You will have access to copy any solution and test it locally.</p><p>You will be given <strong>6 or 7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>The problems were invented and prepared by Adilbek <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/adedalic\" title=\"International Master adedalic\">adedalic</a> Dalabaev, Ivan <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\">BledDest</a> Androsov, Maksim <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Neon\" title=\"Candidate Master Neon\">Neon</a> Mescheryakov, Roman <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Roms\" title=\"Master Roms\">Roms</a> Glazov and me. Also, huge thanks to Mike <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> Mirzayanov for great systems Polygon and Codeforces.</p><p>Good luck to all the participants!</p><p>Our friends at Harbour.Space also have a message for you:</p> <center><img alt=\"Harbour.Space\" src=\"/predownloaded/29/a4/29a4884273346021dec6559e9785af37a662cc56.png\" style=\"height: 200.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></center> <center style=\"margin: 1.0em;\"><b>FULLY FUNDED SCHOLARSHIPS for Masters in Data Science and Computer Science </b></center><p><em>Scholarships for Master's students in <a href=\"https://harbour.space/computer-science\">Computer Science</a> and <a href=\"https://harbour.space/data-science\">Data Science</a> are available in <a href=\"https://harbour.space\">Harbour.Space University</a> Barcelona campus!</em> </p><p><strong>Scholarship Summary:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>Fully funded scholarship (29.900 €/year) to study a Master’s degree in Data Science or Computer Science for two years</em></li> <li><em>Successful applicants will become part of the University’s “Talent pool” and will be shown to the sponsoring companies. In case the candidate is picked for the Work&Study Program from our industry partner, the student starts an internship with a commitment to study 3 hours/day and work for 4 hour/day</em></li> </ul><p><em>Please note preselected candidates will be requested to pay a non-refundable application fee of 85€ to study at Harbour.Space University.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s commitment:</strong></em></p><p><em>You will complete 15 modules (each three weeks long) in one year. The daily class workload is 3 hours, plus homework to complete in your own time.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s requirements:</strong></em> </p> <ul> <li><em>Bachelor's degree in the field of Mathematics, Statistics, Data Science, Computer Science or similar</em></li> <li><em>English proficiency</em></li> <li><em>Advanced knowledge and experience in Python, SQL, Spark/Scala, and bash</em></li> <li><em>Experienced use of Big Data technologies: Spark, HDFS, Kafka, etc.</em></li> <li><em>Hands-on experience with Data Science techniques: feature engineering,</em></li> <li><em>Strong ML knowledge</em></li> <li><em>Strong Software Engineering Background</em></li> <li><em>Problem-solving aptitude</em></li> </ul> <center style=\"margin: 2.5em;\"> <a href=\"https://harbour.space/account/apply-process?utm_source=codeforces&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=bcn_b2b\" style=\"text-decoration: none;font-size: 14.0px;background-color: rgb(98,91,183);color: white;font-weight: bold;padding: 0.5em 1.0em;\">Apply here →</a> </center><p><strong>UPD:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120773\">Editorial is out</a> </p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120691\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1879\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-42750-121316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"42750\",\n blogEntryId: \"120691\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+245</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/awoo\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/awoo\">\n awoo\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\">\n 189\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121227\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602\"> <p>Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\" title=\"Candidate Master mesanu\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">mesanu</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121227/en2\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and I want to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1873\" title=\"Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1873\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=21&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/21/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>The format of the event will be identical to Div. 3 rounds:</p> <ul> <li>5-8 tasks;</li> <li>ICPC rules with a penalty of 10 minutes for an incorrect submission;</li> <li>12-hour phase of open hacks after the end of the round (hacks do not give additional points)</li> <li>after the end of the open hacking phase, all solutions will be tested on the updated set of tests, and the ratings recalculated</li> <li>by default, only "trusted" participants are shown in the results table (but the rating will be recalculated for all with initial ratings less than 1400 or you are an unrated participant/newcomer).</li> </ul><p>We urge participants whose rating is 1400+ not to register new accounts for the purpose of narcissism but to take part unofficially. Please do not spoil the contest for the official participants.</p><p>Only <em>trusted participants of the fourth division</em> will be included in the official standings table. This is a forced measure for combating unsporting behaviour. To qualify as <em>a trusted participant of the fourth division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them),</li> <li>do not have a point of 1400 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the fourth division or not, if your rating is less than 1400 (or you are a newcomer/unrated), then the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Many thanks to the testers: <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Gheal\" title=\"Master Gheal\">Gheal</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Phantom_Performer\" title=\"Master Phantom_Performer\">Phantom_Performer</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KrowSavcik\" title=\"Master KrowSavcik\">KrowSavcik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/haochenkang\" title=\"Specialist haochenkang\">haochenkang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/sandry24\" title=\"Specialist sandry24\">sandry24</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/NintsiChkhaidze\" title=\"Candidate Master NintsiChkhaidze\">NintsiChkhaidze</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/erekle\" title=\"International Master erekle\">erekle</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Dominater069\" title=\"Grandmaster Dominater069\">Dominater069</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MADE_IN_HEAVEN\" title=\"Expert MADE_IN_HEAVEN\">MADE_IN_HEAVEN</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Qualified\" title=\"Expert Qualified\">Qualified</a>.</p><p>We suggest reading all of the problems and hope you will find them interesting!</p><p><strong>Good Luck!</strong></p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120634\">Editorial is out!</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120602\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1873\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-188642-121227\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"188642\",\n blogEntryId: \"120602\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+200</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\">\n mesanu\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\">\n 179\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121083\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458\"> <p>CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\" title=\"Grandmaster glebustim\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">glebustim</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121083/en8\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3>Hello, Codeforces!</h3><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SomethingNew\" title=\"International Grandmaster SomethingNew\">SomethingNew</a> and I are glad to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1870\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a>, which will take place on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1870\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=18&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/18/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. You will have 2 hours 15 minutes to solve 8 problems. The round will be rated for everyone.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/74TrAkToR\" title=\"International Master 74TrAkToR\">74TrAkToR</a> for coordinating this round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/isaf27\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster isaf27\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>saf27</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ugly2333\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ugly2333\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">u</span>gly2333</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DataStructures\" title=\"Grandmaster DataStructures\">DataStructures</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Little09\" title=\"International Grandmaster Little09\">Little09</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kieray\" title=\"Master Kieray\">Kieray</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Dart-Xeyter\" title=\"International Master Dart-Xeyter\">Dart-Xeyter</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/meowcneil\" title=\"Master meowcneil\">meowcneil</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/127.0.0.1\" title=\"Master 127.0.0.1\">127.0.0.1</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Nanani\" title=\"Candidate Master Nanani\">Nanani</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nnv-nick\" title=\"Candidate Master nnv-nick\">nnv-nick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/SomethingDifferent\" title=\"Candidate Master SomethingDifferent\">SomethingDifferent</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/vl342\" title=\"Expert vl342\">vl342</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/shiv_codegen\" title=\"Expert shiv_codegen\">shiv_codegen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/M1lkas\" title=\"Specialist M1lkas\">M1lkas</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/allmath\" title=\"Pupil allmath\">allmath</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sdyakonov\" title=\"Newbie sdyakonov\">sdyakonov</a> for testing the round and providing useful feedback.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</li> </ul><h4><strong>Score distribution:</strong></h4><p>500 — 750 — 1500 — 1750 — 2750 — 3250 — 3250 — 4000</p><p>We hope that our problems will be interesting for you!</p><h4><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120524\">Editorial</a></h4><p><strong>Congratulations to the winners!</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/emptyhope\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster emptyhope\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">e</span>mptyhope</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maspy\" title=\"International Grandmaster maspy\">maspy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/AoLiGei\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster AoLiGei\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">A</span>oLiGei</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/noimi\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster noimi\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>oimi</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></li> </ol><p>And here is the information from our title sponsor:</p><p><img src=\"/predownloaded/ce/9f/ce9f87d5c429f47e7691bef3a8934ebf36af3f15.jpg\" style=\"width: 250.0px;float: right;margin: 0 1.0em 1.0em 1.0em;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p><em>Hello, Codeforces!</em></p><p><em>We, the <a href=\"https://ton.org/\">TON Foundation</a> team, are pleased to support CodeTON Round 6.</em></p><p><em>The Open Network (TON) is a fully decentralized layer-1 blockchain designed to onboard billions of users to Web3.</em></p><p><em>Since July 2022, <a href=\"/blog/entry/104544\">we have been supporting</a> Codeforces as a title sponsor. This round is another way for us to contribute to the development of the community.</em></p><p><em>The winners of CodeTON Round 6 will receive valuable prizes.</em></p><p><em>The first 1,023 participants will receive prizes in TON cryptocurrency:</em></p> <ul> <li><em>1st place: 1,024 TON</em></li> <li><em>2–3 places: 512 TON each</em></li> <li><em>4–7 places: 256 TON each</em></li> <li><em>8–15 places: 128 TON each</em></li> <li><em>…</em></li> <li><em>512–1,023 places: 2 TON each</em></li> </ul><p><em>We wish you good luck at CodeTON Round 6 and hope you enjoy the contest!</em></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120458\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1870\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-223600-121083\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"223600\",\n blogEntryId: \"120458\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+394</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\">\n glebustim\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\">\n 171\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"120865\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240\"> <p>Codeforces Round #897 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">salyg1n</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces! 🤯</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/green_gold_dog\" title=\"Grandmaster green_gold_dog\">green_gold_dog</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ace5\" title=\"International Master ace5\">ace5</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> and I <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\">salyg1n</a> are pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/1867\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a>, which will take place on <a href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=11&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\">Monday, September 11, 2023 in 17:35</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated</strong> for participants whose <strong>rating is below 2100</strong>.</p><p>You will be given 6 tasks and 2 hours to solve them. We recommend reading all the tasks. <strong>Interactive tasks may occur in the round</strong>, so we suggest reading this <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/45307\">post</a>.</p><p>We want to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Aleks5d\" title=\"Grandmaster Aleks5d\">Aleks5d</a> for coordinating the round and improving one of the tasks. 🤓</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Allvik06\" title=\"International Grandmaster Allvik06\">Allvik06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Nutella3000\" title=\"Grandmaster Nutella3000\">Nutella3000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/arbuzick\" title=\"International Grandmaster arbuzick\">arbuzick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/alegsandyr\" title=\"Grandmaster alegsandyr\">alegsandyr</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/FairyWinx\" title=\"Grandmaster FairyWinx\">FairyWinx</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zwezdinv\" title=\"Grandmaster zwezdinv\">zwezdinv</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/valerikk\" title=\"Master valerikk\">valerikk</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/danya111\" title=\"Master danya111\">danya111</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/EJIC_B_KEDAX\" title=\"Master EJIC_B_KEDAX\">EJIC_B_KEDAX</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/dushenkov\" title=\"Master dushenkov\">dushenkov</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/aleksandro\" title=\"Master aleksandro\">aleksandro</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yar_sem\" title=\"Master Yar_sem\">Yar_sem</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/asafiul\" title=\"Master asafiul\">asafiul</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Ivan_len\" title=\"Candidate Master Ivan_len\">Ivan_len</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArtAlex\" title=\"Candidate Master ArtAlex\">ArtAlex</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Undying\" title=\"Candidate Master Undying\">Undying</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/JustNik77\" title=\"Candidate Master JustNik77\">JustNik77</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Pavarishko\" title=\"Candidate Master Pavarishko\">Pavarishko</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/xnor\" title=\"Candidate Master xnor\">xnor</a> for testing the round and giving valuable feedback. 🙏 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">orz</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ryskmax\" title=\"Expert ryskmax\">ryskmax</a> for being the only blue tester and giving valuable feedback. 🐳 </p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DimaTomsk\" title=\"Master DimaTomsk\">DimaTomsk</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ilyakrasnovv\" title=\"Master ilyakrasnovv\">ilyakrasnovv</a> for viewing some of the tasks and giving valuable feedback. 🤠 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\"></span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/stepanov.aa\" title=\"Grandmaster stepanov.aa\">stepanov.aa</a> for <strong>not</strong> testing the round. 🦥 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">:(</span></p></li> <li><p>The authors of the task <em>5. Overtaking</em> from IOI 2023 for <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> taking a <strong>gold medal</strong>. 🥇 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Too dead? Yes, so am I.</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/geranazavr555\" title=\"Headquarters, geranazavr555\">geranazavr555</a> for the excellent codeforces and polygon platforms. 🦖 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Thank you!</span></p></li> </ul><p>We hope you'll enjoy our problems! Good luck!</p><p><strong>UPD.</strong> Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1250 - 2000 - (2000 + 1000) - 4000$$$.</p><p><strong>UPD2.</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Div. 2</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/candidatecandidatemaster\" title=\"Candidate Master candidatecandidatemaster\">candidatecandidatemaster</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Coreopsis\" title=\"Specialist Coreopsis\">Coreopsis</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/iFFT\" title=\"Expert iFFT\">iFFT</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Dorothy__\" title=\"Expert Dorothy__\">Dorothy__</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/wfoifysaasisufgv\" title=\"Newbie wfoifysaasisufgv\">wfoifysaasisufgv</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>Div. 1</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/arvindf232\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster arvindf232\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>rvindf232</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Rubikun\" title=\"International Grandmaster Rubikun\">Rubikun</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Vercingetorix\" title=\"International Grandmaster Vercingetorix\">Vercingetorix</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>UPD3.</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120353\">Editorial.</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120240\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1867\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-230855-120865\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"230855\",\n blogEntryId: \"120240\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+280</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\">\n salyg1n\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\">\n 218\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"pagination\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <span class=\"inactive\">←</span>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index active\" pageIndex=\"1\"><a href=\"/page/1\">1</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index\" pageIndex=\"2\"><a href=\"/page/2\">2</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span 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Zero-One"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Zero-One</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes playing with little Masha. Recently he has received a game called \"Zero-One\" as a gift from his mother. Petya immediately offered Masha to play the game with him.</p><p>Before the very beginning of the game several cards are lain out on a table in one line from the left to the right. Each card contains a digit: 0 or 1. Players move in turns and Masha moves first. During each move a player should remove a card from the table and shift all other cards so as to close the gap left by the removed card. For example, if before somebody's move the cards on the table formed a sequence 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">010</span>101, then after the fourth card is removed (the cards are numbered starting from 1), the sequence will look like that: 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">00</span>101. </p><p>The game ends when exactly two cards are left on the table. The digits on these cards determine the number in binary notation: the most significant bit is located to the left. Masha's aim is to minimize the number and Petya's aim is to maximize it.</p><p>An unpleasant accident occurred before the game started. The kids spilled juice on some of the cards and the digits on the cards got blurred. Each one of the spoiled cards could have either 0 or 1 written on it. Consider all possible variants of initial arrangement of the digits (before the juice spilling). For each variant, let's find which two cards are left by the end of the game, assuming that both Petya and Masha play optimally. An ordered pair of digits written on those two cards is called an <span class=\"tex-font-style-it\">outcome</span>. Your task is to find the set of outcomes for all variants of initial digits arrangement.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a sequence of characters each of which can either be a \"0\", a \"1\" or a \"?\". This sequence determines the initial arrangement of cards on the table from the left to the right. The characters \"?\" mean that the given card was spoiled before the game. The sequence's length ranges from <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the set of outcomes for all possible initial digits arrangements. Print each possible outcome on a single line. Each outcome should be represented by two characters: the digits written on the cards that were left by the end of the game. The outcomes should be sorted lexicographically in ascending order (see the first sample).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>????<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>00<br/>01<br/>10<br/>11<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1010<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1?1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>01<br/>11<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample all 16 variants of numbers arrangement are possible. For the variant 0000 the outcome is 00. For the variant 1111 the outcome is 11. For the variant 0011 the outcome is 01. For the variant 1100 the outcome is 10. Regardless of outcomes for all other variants the set which we are looking for will contain all 4 possible outcomes.</p><p>In the third sample only 2 variants of numbers arrangement are possible: 111 and 101. For the variant 111 the outcome is 11. For the variant 101 the outcome is 01, because on the first turn Masha can remove the first card from the left after which the game will end.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"f77384a26ff6476800d70b0dbb9a5eab\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"fe37256c9859c9bbbc55bd87d1042eca2c37bc07\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/136\">Codeforces Beta Round 97 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? 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It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/136/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Constructive algorithms\">\r\n constructive algorithms\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Games, Sprague–Grundy theorem\">\r\n games\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Greedy algorithms\">\r\n greedy\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1900\r\n</span>\r\n 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both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3352\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #1 <span class=\"resource-locale\">(ru)</span></a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"926\" resourceName=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: разбор\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3353\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #97: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial #2</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"927:928\" resourceName=\"Tutorial #2\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: 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false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"E\" data-uuid=\"ps_b72ae723133cf2f493ccc745f0ec2c605d995bd8\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Zero-One</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Little Petya very much likes playing with little Masha. Recently he has received a game called "Zero-One" as a gift from his mother. Petya immediately offered Masha to play the game with him.</p><p>Before the very beginning of the game several cards are lain out on a table in one line from the left to the right. Each card contains a digit: 0 or 1. Players move in turns and Masha moves first. During each move a player should remove a card from the table and shift all other cards so as to close the gap left by the removed card. For example, if before somebody's move the cards on the table formed a sequence 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">010</span>101, then after the fourth card is removed (the cards are numbered starting from 1), the sequence will look like that: 01<span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">00</span>101. </p><p>The game ends when exactly two cards are left on the table. The digits on these cards determine the number in binary notation: the most significant bit is located to the left. Masha's aim is to minimize the number and Petya's aim is to maximize it.</p><p>An unpleasant accident occurred before the game started. The kids spilled juice on some of the cards and the digits on the cards got blurred. Each one of the spoiled cards could have either 0 or 1 written on it. Consider all possible variants of initial arrangement of the digits (before the juice spilling). For each variant, let's find which two cards are left by the end of the game, assuming that both Petya and Masha play optimally. An ordered pair of digits written on those two cards is called an <span class=\"tex-font-style-it\">outcome</span>. Your task is to find the set of outcomes for all variants of initial digits arrangement.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a sequence of characters each of which can either be a "0", a "1" or a "?". This sequence determines the initial arrangement of cards on the table from the left to the right. The characters "?" mean that the given card was spoiled before the game. The sequence's length ranges from <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, inclusive.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the set of outcomes for all possible initial digits arrangements. Print each possible outcome on a single line. Each outcome should be represented by two characters: the digits written on the cards that were left by the end of the game. The outcomes should be sorted lexicographically in ascending order (see the first sample).</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>????<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>00<br />01<br />10<br />11<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1010<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>10<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1?1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>01<br />11<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample all 16 variants of numbers arrangement are possible. For the variant 0000 the outcome is 00. For the variant 1111 the outcome is 11. For the variant 0011 the outcome is 01. For the variant 1100 the outcome is 10. Regardless of outcomes for all other variants the set which we are looking for will contain all 4 possible outcomes.</p><p>In the third sample only 2 variants of numbers arrangement are possible: 111 and 101. For the variant 111 the outcome is 11. For the variant 101 the outcome is 01, because on the first turn Masha can remove the first card from the left after which the game will end.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=E]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: \"getDiff\", a: previousStatementText, b: statementText}, function (result) 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dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='916c2e9cc1edf26810813c0fb9bfcd53'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121650\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\"> <p>Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><img alt=\"logo\" src=\"/predownloaded/e3/33/e333915aebea955b43b4ad17845f6dbf58875a0c.png\" style=\"float: right;height: 100.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p>Sugeng enjing, <strong>Codeforces</strong>! 🥰🥰🥰🥰</p><p>COMPFEST 15 is happy to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1876\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1877\" title=\"Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)\">Codeforces Round (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1876\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=8&month=10&year=2023&hour=12&min=5&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Oct/08/2023 12:05 (Moscow time)</span></a>. Both rounds will be <strong>rated</strong>. You will be given <strong>2 hours and 30 minutes</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><h2><strong>Note the unusual time of the round</strong>.</h2><p>The problems are written by <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\">Pyqe</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a>.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/KAN\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster KAN\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>AN</a> for helping to host the round;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ScarletS\" title=\"Master ScarletS\">ScarletS</a> for the based coordination;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gansixeneh\" title=\"Candidate Master gansixeneh\">gansixeneh</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nandonathaniel\" title=\"Candidate Master nandonathaniel\">nandonathaniel</a> for helping with the problem preparation;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArvinCiu\" title=\"Candidate Master ArvinCiu\">ArvinCiu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/CyberSleeper\" title=\"Expert CyberSleeper\">CyberSleeper</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Edbert.H\" title=\"Expert Edbert.H\">Edbert.H</a> for providing alternate solutions in the early stages;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for writing the Russian translations;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Aaeria\" title=\"Master Aaeria\">Aaeria</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AMnu\" title=\"Expert AMnu\">AMnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Berted\" title=\"Master Berted\">Berted</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/buffering\" title=\"Specialist buffering\">buffering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Drew_\" title=\"Master Drew_\">Drew_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/dorijanlendvaj\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster dorijanlendvaj\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">d</span>orijanlendvaj</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/eggag32\" title=\"Master eggag32\">eggag32</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Elben85\" title=\"Candidate Master Elben85\">Elben85</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/emorgan5289\" title=\"International Grandmaster emorgan5289\">emorgan5289</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/faustaadp\" title=\"Master faustaadp\">faustaadp</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ffao\" title=\"International Grandmaster ffao\">ffao</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/gamegame\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster gamegame\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">g</span>amegame</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\">hocky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Insta-x\" title=\"Expert Insta-x\">Insta-x</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/jdurie\" title=\"Grandmaster jdurie\">jdurie</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/joelgun14\" title=\"Master joelgun14\">joelgun14</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/KerakTelor\" title=\"Candidate Master KerakTelor\">KerakTelor</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Marky\" title=\"Expert Marky\">Marky</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Murinh0\" title=\"Expert Murinh0\">Murinh0</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/nvmdava\" title=\"Grandmaster nvmdava\">nvmdava</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/nyab\" title=\"Master nyab\">nyab</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Owmicron\" title=\"Master Owmicron\">Owmicron</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/prvocislo\" title=\"Grandmaster prvocislo\">prvocislo</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/PurpleCrayon\" title=\"International Grandmaster PurpleCrayon\">PurpleCrayon</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/rama_pang\" title=\"Grandmaster rama_pang\">rama_pang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/TakeMe\" title=\"Expert TakeMe\">TakeMe</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/sahil_k\" title=\"Expert sahil_k\">sahil_k</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/user202729_\" title=\"International Grandmaster user202729_\">user202729_</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/WHCPP\" title=\"Pupil WHCPP\">WHCPP</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ZeroScar\" title=\"Candidate Master ZeroScar\">ZeroScar</a> for testing the contest and providing us very useful feedback;</li> <li>Universitas Indonesia, all the local committees, administrators, and managers of the whole COMPFEST event;</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Codeforces and Polygon platform!</li> </ul><p>COMPFEST itself is an annual event hosted by Universitas Indonesia. It is the largest student-run IT event in Indonesia and competitive programming contest is one of the competitions hosted.</p><p>We hope you will enjoy and have fun in the contest. Muga-muga beja lan isa entuk biji apik!! 💪💪🔥🔥</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1876\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 1, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1877\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-118490-121650\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"118490\",\n blogEntryId: \"121025\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+359</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121650\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n.ComplaintFrame {\n display: inline-block;\n position: absolute;\n top: 0;\n right: -1.4em;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a {\n text-decoration: none;\n color: #ff8c00;\n opacity: 0.5;\n}\n.ComplaintFrame a:hover {\n opacity: 1;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup p,\n._ComplaintFrame_popup button {\n margin-top: 1rem;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup input[type=submit] {\n padding: 0.25rem 2rem;\n}\n._ComplaintFrame_popup ul {\n margin-top: 1em !important;\n margin-bottom: 1em !important;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n $(\".ComplaintFrame a\").click(function () {\n const $complaintFrame = $(this).closest(\".ComplaintFrame\");\n const targetId = $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetId\");\n const targetClass = $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetClass\");\n\n Codeforces.facebox(\"._ComplaintFrame_popup\", \"//codeforces.org/s/81027\");\n\n $.post(\"/data/complaint\", {\n action: \"findComplaintReasons\",\n targetClass: $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetClass\"),\n targetId: $complaintFrame.attr(\"data-targetId\")\n }, function (response) {\n if (response.success === \"true\") {\n const complaintReasons = response.complaintReasons;\n const complaint = response.complaint;\n\n const $popup = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_popup\");\n for (const complaintReason of complaintReasons) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", complaintReason.id);\n $li.find(\"span\")\n .html(getLocalizedName(complaintReason)\n + \" <i class=\\\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\\\" title=\\\"\"\n + getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason)\n + \"\\\"></i>\")\n .attr(\"title\", getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n if (complaint && complaint.complaintReasonId === complaintReason.id) {\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"checked\", \"checked\");\n }\n $li.find(\".clickable-title\").click(function () {\n alert(getLocalizedDescription(complaintReason));\n return false;\n }).css(\"position\", \"relative\").css(\"bottom\", \"1px\").css(\"font-size\", \"12px\");\n }\n\n if (complaint) {\n let $li = $(\"#facebox ._ComplaintFrame_complaintReasonItemProto li\").clone();\n $li.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]\").attr(\"value\", 0);\n $li.find(\"span\").html(\"Delete complaint\");\n $li.show();\n $li.appendTo($popup.find(\"ul\"));\n }\n\n $popup.find(\"._ComplaintFrame_submitForm\").submit(function () {\n const complaintReasonId = $popup.find(\"input[name=complaintReasonId]:checked\").val();\n if (complaintReasonId === undefined) {\n alert(\"Please select complaint reason\");\n return false;\n }\n\n $.post(\"/data/complaint\", {\n action: \"newComplaint\",\n targetClass: targetClass,\n targetId: targetId,\n complaintReasonId: complaintReasonId\n }, function (response) {\n if (response.success === \"true\") {\n Codeforces.showMessage(\"Complaint has been created\");\n $.facebox.close();\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n }\n }, \"json\");\n\n return false;\n });\n}); </script>\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\">\n Pyqe\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/03/2023 12:02\">4 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025#comments\">\n 41\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n function adjustTopicComplainFrames() {\r\n let topicIds = [];\r\n\r\n $(\".has-topic-id\").each(function () {\r\n const $this = $(this);\r\n const topicId = $this.attr(\"topicId\");\r\n if (topicId) {\r\n topicIds.push(topicId);\r\n }\r\n });\r\n\r\n $.post(\"/data/topics\", {\r\n action: \"findComplainableTopicIds\",\r\n topicIds: topicIds.join(\",\")\r\n }, function (json) {\r\n if (json[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n for (const topicId of json[\"complainableTopicIds\"].split(\",\")) {\r\n $(\".has-topic-id[topicId=\" + topicId + \"]\").each(function () {\r\n $(this).find(\".meta .ComplaintFrame\").css(\"display\", \"inline-block\");\r\n });\r\n }\r\n }\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n }\r\n\r\n $(function () {\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n })\r\n </script>\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121650\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121650, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322530, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121739\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114\"> <p>Codeforces Command Lines (2023-10-06)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Vladosiya</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121739/en7\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>We've compiled a list of command lines that Codeforces uses to compile and run solutions in various languages and compilers.</p><p>It is up-to-date as of today (2023-10-06), and we will make efforts to keep it current in the future, but this is not guaranteed.</p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/121114\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-73866-121739\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"73866\",\n blogEntryId: \"121114\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compilers\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compilers</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=compiler+options\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">compiler options</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=languages\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">languages</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+235</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121739\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"position: relative; float: left; left: -1.5rem; top: 1rem;\">\r\n\n\n\n </div>\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\">\n Vladosiya\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Oct/06/2023 11:44\">34 hours ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121114#comments\">\n 8\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121739\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121739, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322579, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121449\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824\"> <p>Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I'm pleased to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1874\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> and <a href=\"/contest/1875\" title=\"Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a>. It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1874\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=30&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/30/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. It also means, the National Day of China arrives during the round. Wish you a nice vacation! 🎉🎉🎉</p><p>For both divisions, you will have <strong>3 hours</strong> to solve <strong>7 problems</strong>.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his wonderful coordination.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a> for Russian translation and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for helping us with Russian clarifications.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\">GeZhiyuan</a> for providing all the problems and "a few" rejected problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SanweiTreap\" title=\"Grandmaster SanweiTreap\">SanweiTreap</a> for helping me prepare the problems.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/wangziji\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster wangziji\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">w</span>angziji</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/flowerletter\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster flowerletter\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>lowerletter</a> for Legendary Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sjcsjcsjc\" title=\"International Grandmaster sjcsjcsjc\">sjcsjcsjc</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/He_Ren\" title=\"International Grandmaster He_Ren\">He_Ren</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/GaryZ005\" title=\"International Grandmaster GaryZ005\">GaryZ005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/platelet\" title=\"International Grandmaster platelet\">platelet</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/thenymphsofdelphi\" title=\"International Grandmaster thenymphsofdelphi\">thenymphsofdelphi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DerekFeng\" title=\"International Grandmaster DerekFeng\">DerekFeng</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Juanzhang\" title=\"International Grandmaster Juanzhang\">Juanzhang</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ttklwxx\" title=\"International Grandmaster ttklwxx\">ttklwxx</a> for International Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/juju527\" title=\"Grandmaster juju527\">juju527</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zimpha\" title=\"Grandmaster zimpha\">zimpha</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/765\" title=\"Grandmaster 765\">765</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/xuanquang1999\" title=\"Grandmaster xuanquang1999\">xuanquang1999</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/CrTsIr\" title=\"Grandmaster CrTsIr\">CrTsIr</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/EasonTAO\" title=\"Grandmaster EasonTAO\">EasonTAO</a> for Grandmaster Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/SATSKY\" title=\"Master SATSKY\">SATSKY</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/lanhf\" title=\"Master lanhf\">lanhf</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hank2019\" title=\"Master Hank2019\">Hank2019</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yakumo_Ran\" title=\"Master Yakumo_Ran\">Yakumo_Ran</a> for Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DaniraSilla\" title=\"Candidate Master DaniraSilla\">DaniraSilla</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/kriepiekrollie\" title=\"Candidate Master kriepiekrollie\">kriepiekrollie</a> for Candidate Master Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/raulandreipop\" title=\"Expert raulandreipop\">raulandreipop</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/micho\" title=\"Expert micho\">micho</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/alwyn\" title=\"Expert alwyn\">alwyn</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ArgintLaAnu\" title=\"Expert ArgintLaAnu\">ArgintLaAnu</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/IssamOtoz\" title=\"Expert IssamOtoz\">IssamOtoz</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/jakao\" title=\"Expert jakao\">jakao</a> for Expert Testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/CLown1331\" title=\"Pupil CLown1331\">CLown1331</a> for Pupil Testing.</p></li> <li><p>You for participating the round.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</p></li> </ul><p>Especially, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/errorgorn\" title=\"International Grandmaster errorgorn\">errorgorn</a> for his great contribution to the round, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/njwrz\" title=\"International Grandmaster njwrz\">njwrz</a> for providing user solutions for all the problems, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Kevin114514\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Kevin114514\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">K</span>evin114514</a> for making the announcement and tutorial more readable.</p><p>Finally and most importantly, I would like to thank <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/znstz2018\" title=\"Grandmaster znstz2018\">znstz2018</a> for helping me with everything patiently all the time. This round can't happen without him.</p><p>The main character of the problems will be Jellyfish, a sweet little girl. 🍏🍏🍏</p><p>Score distribution:</p> <ul> <li><p>Div.1: $$$500$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$1500$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$ − $$$4000$$$ − $$$5000$$$</p></li> <li><p>Div.2: $$$500$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1000$$$ − $$$1250$$$ − $$$2000$$$ − $$$2250$$$ − $$$3000$$$</p></li> </ul><p>Good Luck & Have Fun! 🔥🔥🔥</p><p><strong>UPD1:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120943\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p><strong>UPD2:</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Qingyu\" title=\"International Grandmaster Qingyu\">Qingyu</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/amiya\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster amiya\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>miya</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/RollingPanda\" title=\"Newbie RollingPanda\">RollingPanda</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/WanYuanShenWanDe\" title=\"Newbie WanYuanShenWanDe\">WanYuanShenWanDe</a></p></li> </ol></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.1</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/H_stove\" title=\"Grandmaster H_stove\">H_stove</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ooOAM\" title=\"Grandmaster ooOAM\">ooOAM</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Salley-Garden\" title=\"Master Salley-Garden\">Salley-Garden</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/i_will_be_less_than_blue\" title=\"Grandmaster i_will_be_less_than_blue\">i_will_be_less_than_blue</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a> (after the contest)</p></div></div> <div class=\"spoiler\"><b class=\"spoiler-title\">first solves in Div.2</b><div class=\"spoiler-content\" style=\"display: none;\"><p>A. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Azaml\" title=\"Expert Azaml\">Azaml</a></p><p>B. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Shirotsume\" title=\"Expert Shirotsume\">Shirotsume</a></p><p>C. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/viveksingh912\" title=\"Newbie viveksingh912\">viveksingh912</a></p><p>D. <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/kaiboy\" title=\"Newbie kaiboy\">kaiboy</a></p><p>E. <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/FlyBell\" title=\"Specialist FlyBell\">FlyBell</a></p><p>F. <a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/Rapturelike\" title=\"Unrated, Rapturelike\">Rapturelike</a></p><p>G. <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/rainboy\" title=\"Expert rainboy\">rainboy</a></p></div></div></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120824\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1874\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1875\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-238039-121449\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"238039\",\n blogEntryId: \"120824\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+165</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121449\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\">\n GeZhiyuan\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/27/2023 09:25\">11 days ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120824#comments\">\n 231\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121449\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121449, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 322013, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121303\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678\"> <p>Codeforces Round #900 (Div. 3)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Specialist AlphaMale06\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">AlphaMale06</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a> and I are glad to invite you to the <a href=\"/contest/1878\" title=\"Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1878\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=26&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/26/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a></p><p>You will be given <strong>7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours and 15 minutes</strong> to solve them.</p><p>Note that the <strong>penalty</strong> for the wrong submission in this round is <strong>10 minutes</strong>.</p><p>Also note that there will be a <strong>12 hour open hacking phase</strong> after the round.</p><p><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/59228\">Remember</a>, that only the <em>trusted participants of the third division</em> will be included in the official standings table. As it is written by link, this is a compulsory measure for combating unsporting behavior. To qualify as a <em>trusted participant of the third division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them)</li> <li>do not have a point of 1900 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the third division or not, if your rating is less than 1600, the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Problems have been created and prepared by <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\" title=\"Expert AlphaMale06\">AlphaMale06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/ognjentesic\" title=\"Pupil ognjentesic\">ognjentesic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wxhtzdy\" title=\"Master wxhtzdy\">wxhtzdy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/OAleksa\" title=\"Specialist OAleksa\">OAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/AndrewPav\" title=\"Specialist AndrewPav\">AndrewPav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Acanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Acanikolic73\">Acanikolic73</a>, and <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>.</p><p>We would also to thank:</p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a> for the amazing coordination and help with preparing a balanced problemset, and for giving us the opportunity to create a Div. 3 round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for the amazing Polygon and Codeforces platforms.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/JovanB\" title=\"Grandmaster JovanB\">JovanB</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/abc864197532\" title=\"International Grandmaster abc864197532\">abc864197532</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/sevlll777\" title=\"Grandmaster sevlll777\">sevlll777</a> for red testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/n0sk1ll\" title=\"Master n0sk1ll\">n0sk1ll</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/allllekssssa\" title=\"Master allllekssssa\">allllekssssa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Alexdat2000\" title=\"Master Alexdat2000\">Alexdat2000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/misorin\" title=\"International Master misorin\">misorin</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Hyperbolic\" title=\"International Master Hyperbolic\">Hyperbolic</a> for yellow testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/DAleksa\" title=\"Candidate Master DAleksa\">DAleksa</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ljuba\" title=\"Candidate Master ljuba\">ljuba</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex.kudryashov\" title=\"Candidate Master alex.kudryashov\">alex.kudryashov</a> for purple testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MihailoT\" title=\"Expert MihailoT\">MihailoT</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/SashaT9\" title=\"Expert SashaT9\">SashaT9</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ELDRVD\" title=\"Expert ELDRVD\">ELDRVD</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Chrisedyong\" title=\"Expert Chrisedyong\">Chrisedyong</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/tryptophan\" title=\"Expert tryptophan\">tryptophan</a> for blue testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Andrijanikolic73\" title=\"Specialist Andrijanikolic73\">Andrijanikolic73</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Mihajlo18\" title=\"Specialist Mihajlo18\">Mihajlo18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/UrosNedic\" title=\"Specialist UrosNedic\">UrosNedic</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Klaus26\" title=\"Specialist Klaus26\">Klaus26</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Escaquejant\" title=\"Specialist Escaquejant\">Escaquejant</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/smax294\" title=\"Specialist smax294\">smax294</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/max0n\" title=\"Specialist max0n\">max0n</a> for cyan testing</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Budimmm\" title=\"Newbie Budimmm\">Budimmm</a> for gray testing</li> </ol><p>Also a very special thanks to the most dedicated tester I have ever seen, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/NemanjaSo2005\" title=\"Master NemanjaSo2005\">NemanjaSo2005</a>.</p><p>I wish you luck, and hope you like the problems and learn from them.</p><p>Update: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120813\">Editorial</a> is out.</p><p>Congratulations to the winners:</p><p>Unofficial:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SSerxhs\" title=\"International Grandmaster SSerxhs\">SSerxhs</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/neal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster neal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>eal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/risujiroh\" title=\"International Grandmaster risujiroh\">risujiroh</a></p></li> </ol><p>Official:</p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/hackerjohn\" title=\"Specialist hackerjohn\">hackerjohn</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/wahb\" title=\"Specialist wahb\">wahb</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/kutcoder\" title=\"Specialist kutcoder\">kutcoder</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Sxy_Limit\" title=\"Specialist Sxy_Limit\">Sxy_Limit</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/not_rainboy\" title=\"Pupil not_rainboy\">not_rainboy</a></p></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120678\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1878\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 900 (Div. 3)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-269459-121303\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"269459\",\n blogEntryId: \"120678\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+192</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121303\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/AlphaMale06\">\n AlphaMale06\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 01:09\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120678#comments\">\n 347\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121303\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121303, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321614, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121269\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\"> <p>Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121269/en9\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces!</p><p>I am pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"/contest/1882\" title=\"Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>, which will be held on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1882\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=25&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/25/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>All problems were written and prepared by me.</p><p>You will be given <strong>5 problems, and one of them is divided into two subtasks</strong>. You will have <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>I would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/irkstepanov\" title=\"International Master irkstepanov\">irkstepanov</a> for excellent coordination and Russian translation!</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for providing useful feedbacks.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a> for helping me much with one problem of the contest.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ko_osaga\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ko_osaga\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">k</span>o_osaga</a> for Nutella testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/leinad2\" title=\"Grandmaster leinad2\">leinad2</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Numbering\" title=\"Grandmaster Numbering\">Numbering</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/qwerasdfzxcl\" title=\"International Grandmaster qwerasdfzxcl\">qwerasdfzxcl</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/kizen\" title=\"Grandmaster kizen\">kizen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a> for Red testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kaling\" title=\"Master Kaling\">Kaling</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Mingyu331\" title=\"Master Mingyu331\">Mingyu331</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/chaeyihwan\" title=\"International Master chaeyihwan\">chaeyihwan</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\" title=\"International Master Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS\">Kawaii2DIdolOfGSHS</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/azberjibiou\" title=\"International Master azberjibiou\">azberjibiou</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/mjhmjh1104\" title=\"Master mjhmjh1104\">mjhmjh1104</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DELTARUNE\" title=\"Master DELTARUNE\">DELTARUNE</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/wuhudsm\" title=\"Master wuhudsm\">wuhudsm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/hypergraph_coloring\" title=\"International Master hypergraph_coloring\">hypergraph_coloring</a> for Orange testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/unordered_map\" title=\"Candidate Master unordered_map\">unordered_map</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/alex0211\" title=\"Candidate Master alex0211\">alex0211</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/gs20036\" title=\"Candidate Master gs20036\">gs20036</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/namolbbaemi\" title=\"Candidate Master namolbbaemi\">namolbbaemi</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/eeeDA\" title=\"Candidate Master eeeDA\">eeeDA</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nlog\" title=\"Candidate Master nlog\">nlog</a> for Purple testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/andyandy\" title=\"Expert andyandy\">andyandy</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/JaewonOh\" title=\"Expert JaewonOh\">JaewonOh</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/KongUm\" title=\"Expert KongUm\">KongUm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Coruncanius\" title=\"Expert Coruncanius\">Coruncanius</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ez_code\" title=\"Expert ez_code\">ez_code</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/fs_edge\" title=\"Expert fs_edge\">fs_edge</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/chromate00\" title=\"Expert chromate00\">chromate00</a> for Blue testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/Hanlana18\" title=\"Newbie Hanlana18\">Hanlana18</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/papergundam\" title=\"Newbie papergundam\">papergundam</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sjmjys954646\" title=\"Newbie sjmjys954646\">sjmjys954646</a> for Gray testing.</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for great Polygon and Codeforces platforms!</p></li> <li><p>And last but not least, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"https://codeforces.com/profile/\">You</a> for participating in the round!</p></li> </ul><p>Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - (2000 + 2000)$$$</p><p>Good luck and enjoy the round!</p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120792\">Editorial</a> is out. </p><p><strong>UPD2</strong>: Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Official Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Lycorisqwq\" title=\"Expert Lycorisqwq\">Lycorisqwq</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/zepto\" title=\"Unrated, zepto\">zepto</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-black\" href=\"/profile/vjudge39\" title=\"Unrated, vjudge39\">vjudge39</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Beelzebub_blue\" title=\"Candidate Master Beelzebub_blue\">Beelzebub_blue</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/_t_W_\" title=\"Candidate Master _t_W_\">_t_W_</a></li> </ol><p><strong>Official + Unofficial Contestants</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/ksun48\" title=\"International Grandmaster ksun48\">ksun48</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/antontrygubO_o\" title=\"International Grandmaster antontrygubO_o\">antontrygubO_o</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Heltion\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Heltion\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">H</span>eltion</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KumaTachiRen\" title=\"Master KumaTachiRen\">KumaTachiRen</a></li> </ol></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1882\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-272374-121269\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"272374\",\n blogEntryId: \"120644\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+524</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121269\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/windva\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/windva\">\n windva\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/22/2023 01:56\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644#comments\">\n 188\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121269\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121269, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321556, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121316\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691\"> <p>Educational Codeforces Round 155 [Rated for Div. 2]</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121316/en5\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p>On <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1879\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=24&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/24/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a> <a href=\"/contest/1879\" title=\"Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> will start.</p><p>Series of Educational Rounds continue being held as <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> initiative! You can read the details about the cooperation between <a href=\"https://harbour.space/\">Harbour.Space University</a> and Codeforces in the <a href=\"https://mirror.codeforces.com/blog/entry/51208\">blog post</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated for the participants with rating lower than 2100</strong>. It will be held on extended ICPC rules. The penalty for each incorrect submission until the submission with a full solution is 10 minutes. After the end of the contest, you will have 12 hours to hack any solution you want. You will have access to copy any solution and test it locally.</p><p>You will be given <strong>6 or 7 problems</strong> and <strong>2 hours</strong> to solve them.</p><p>The problems were invented and prepared by Adilbek <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/adedalic\" title=\"International Master adedalic\">adedalic</a> Dalabaev, Ivan <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\">BledDest</a> Androsov, Maksim <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Neon\" title=\"Candidate Master Neon\">Neon</a> Mescheryakov, Roman <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Roms\" title=\"Master Roms\">Roms</a> Glazov and me. Also, huge thanks to Mike <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> Mirzayanov for great systems Polygon and Codeforces.</p><p>Good luck to all the participants!</p><p>Our friends at Harbour.Space also have a message for you:</p> <center><img alt=\"Harbour.Space\" src=\"/predownloaded/29/a4/29a4884273346021dec6559e9785af37a662cc56.png\" style=\"height: 200.0px;margin: 10.0px;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></center> <center style=\"margin: 1.0em;\"><b>FULLY FUNDED SCHOLARSHIPS for Masters in Data Science and Computer Science </b></center><p><em>Scholarships for Master's students in <a href=\"https://harbour.space/computer-science\">Computer Science</a> and <a href=\"https://harbour.space/data-science\">Data Science</a> are available in <a href=\"https://harbour.space\">Harbour.Space University</a> Barcelona campus!</em> </p><p><strong>Scholarship Summary:</strong></p> <ul> <li><em>Fully funded scholarship (29.900 €/year) to study a Master’s degree in Data Science or Computer Science for two years</em></li> <li><em>Successful applicants will become part of the University’s “Talent pool” and will be shown to the sponsoring companies. In case the candidate is picked for the Work&Study Program from our industry partner, the student starts an internship with a commitment to study 3 hours/day and work for 4 hour/day</em></li> </ul><p><em>Please note preselected candidates will be requested to pay a non-refundable application fee of 85€ to study at Harbour.Space University.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s commitment:</strong></em></p><p><em>You will complete 15 modules (each three weeks long) in one year. The daily class workload is 3 hours, plus homework to complete in your own time.</em></p><p><em><strong>Candidate’s requirements:</strong></em> </p> <ul> <li><em>Bachelor's degree in the field of Mathematics, Statistics, Data Science, Computer Science or similar</em></li> <li><em>English proficiency</em></li> <li><em>Advanced knowledge and experience in Python, SQL, Spark/Scala, and bash</em></li> <li><em>Experienced use of Big Data technologies: Spark, HDFS, Kafka, etc.</em></li> <li><em>Hands-on experience with Data Science techniques: feature engineering,</em></li> <li><em>Strong ML knowledge</em></li> <li><em>Strong Software Engineering Background</em></li> <li><em>Problem-solving aptitude</em></li> </ul> <center style=\"margin: 2.5em;\"> <a href=\"https://harbour.space/account/apply-process?utm_source=codeforces&utm_medium=partner&utm_campaign=bcn_b2b\" style=\"text-decoration: none;font-size: 14.0px;background-color: rgb(98,91,183);color: white;font-weight: bold;padding: 0.5em 1.0em;\">Apply here →</a> </center><p><strong>UPD:</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120773\">Editorial is out</a> </p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120691\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1879\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Educational Codeforces Round 155 (Rated for Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-42750-121316\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"42750\",\n blogEntryId: \"120691\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+245</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121316\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/awoo\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/awoo\">\n awoo\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/23/2023 16:55\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120691#comments\">\n 189\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121316\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121316, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321525, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121227\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602\"> <p>Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\" title=\"Candidate Master mesanu\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">mesanu</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121227/en2\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>,\r\n \r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello Codeforces!</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/flamestorm\" title=\"Candidate Master flamestorm\">flamestorm</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and I want to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1873\" title=\"Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a>.</p><p>It starts on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1873\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=21&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/21/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>.</p><p>The format of the event will be identical to Div. 3 rounds:</p> <ul> <li>5-8 tasks;</li> <li>ICPC rules with a penalty of 10 minutes for an incorrect submission;</li> <li>12-hour phase of open hacks after the end of the round (hacks do not give additional points)</li> <li>after the end of the open hacking phase, all solutions will be tested on the updated set of tests, and the ratings recalculated</li> <li>by default, only "trusted" participants are shown in the results table (but the rating will be recalculated for all with initial ratings less than 1400 or you are an unrated participant/newcomer).</li> </ul><p>We urge participants whose rating is 1400+ not to register new accounts for the purpose of narcissism but to take part unofficially. Please do not spoil the contest for the official participants.</p><p>Only <em>trusted participants of the fourth division</em> will be included in the official standings table. This is a forced measure for combating unsporting behaviour. To qualify as <em>a trusted participant of the fourth division</em>, you must:</p> <ul> <li>take part in at least five rated rounds (and solve at least one problem in each of them),</li> <li>do not have a point of 1400 or higher in the rating.</li> </ul><p><strong>Regardless of whether you are a trusted participant of the fourth division or not, if your rating is less than 1400 (or you are a newcomer/unrated), then the round will be rated for you.</strong></p><p>Many thanks to the testers: <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Gheal\" title=\"Master Gheal\">Gheal</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Phantom_Performer\" title=\"Master Phantom_Performer\">Phantom_Performer</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/KrowSavcik\" title=\"Master KrowSavcik\">KrowSavcik</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/haochenkang\" title=\"Specialist haochenkang\">haochenkang</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/sandry24\" title=\"Specialist sandry24\">sandry24</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/BucketPotato\" title=\"Grandmaster BucketPotato\">BucketPotato</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Vladosiya\" title=\"Expert Vladosiya\">Vladosiya</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/NintsiChkhaidze\" title=\"Candidate Master NintsiChkhaidze\">NintsiChkhaidze</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/erekle\" title=\"International Master erekle\">erekle</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Dominater069\" title=\"Grandmaster Dominater069\">Dominater069</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/MADE_IN_HEAVEN\" title=\"Expert MADE_IN_HEAVEN\">MADE_IN_HEAVEN</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Qualified\" title=\"Expert Qualified\">Qualified</a>.</p><p>We suggest reading all of the problems and hope you will find them interesting!</p><p><strong>Good Luck!</strong></p><p><strong>UPD</strong>: <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120634\">Editorial is out!</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120602\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1873\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 898 (Div. 4)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-188642-121227\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"188642\",\n blogEntryId: \"120602\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+200</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121227\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/mesanu\">\n mesanu\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/20/2023 18:05\">2 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120602#comments\">\n 179\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121227\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121227, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 321112, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"121083\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458\"> <p>CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\" title=\"Grandmaster glebustim\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">glebustim</a>,\r\n <a href=\"/topic/121083/en8\">history</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3>Hello, Codeforces!</h3><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/SomethingNew\" title=\"International Grandmaster SomethingNew\">SomethingNew</a> and I are glad to invite you to <a href=\"/contest/1870\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a>, which will take place on <a class=\"contest-time\" contestid=\"1870\" href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=18&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\"><span class=\"format-time-with-dow\">Sep/18/2023 17:35 (Moscow time)</span></a>. You will have 2 hours 15 minutes to solve 8 problems. The round will be rated for everyone.</p><p>We would like to thank:</p> <ul> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/74TrAkToR\" title=\"International Master 74TrAkToR\">74TrAkToR</a> for coordinating this round.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/isaf27\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster isaf27\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>saf27</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/ugly2333\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster ugly2333\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">u</span>gly2333</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/DataStructures\" title=\"Grandmaster DataStructures\">DataStructures</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Little09\" title=\"International Grandmaster Little09\">Little09</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Kieray\" title=\"Master Kieray\">Kieray</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Vladithur\" title=\"Master Vladithur\">Vladithur</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Dart-Xeyter\" title=\"International Master Dart-Xeyter\">Dart-Xeyter</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/meowcneil\" title=\"Master meowcneil\">meowcneil</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/127.0.0.1\" title=\"Master 127.0.0.1\">127.0.0.1</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Nanani\" title=\"Candidate Master Nanani\">Nanani</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/nnv-nick\" title=\"Candidate Master nnv-nick\">nnv-nick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/SomethingDifferent\" title=\"Candidate Master SomethingDifferent\">SomethingDifferent</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/vl342\" title=\"Expert vl342\">vl342</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/shiv_codegen\" title=\"Expert shiv_codegen\">shiv_codegen</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/M1lkas\" title=\"Specialist M1lkas\">M1lkas</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-green\" href=\"/profile/allmath\" title=\"Pupil allmath\">allmath</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/sdyakonov\" title=\"Newbie sdyakonov\">sdyakonov</a> for testing the round and providing useful feedback.</li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> for Codeforces and Polygon systems.</li> </ul><h4><strong>Score distribution:</strong></h4><p>500 — 750 — 1500 — 1750 — 2750 — 3250 — 3250 — 4000</p><p>We hope that our problems will be interesting for you!</p><h4><a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120524\">Editorial</a></h4><p><strong>Congratulations to the winners!</strong></p> <ol> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/emptyhope\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster emptyhope\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">e</span>mptyhope</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maspy\" title=\"International Grandmaster maspy\">maspy</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/AoLiGei\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster AoLiGei\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">A</span>oLiGei</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/noimi\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster noimi\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">n</span>oimi</a></li> <li><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></li> </ol><p>And here is the information from our title sponsor:</p><p><img src=\"/predownloaded/ce/9f/ce9f87d5c429f47e7691bef3a8934ebf36af3f15.jpg\" style=\"width: 250.0px;float: right;margin: 0 1.0em 1.0em 1.0em;max-width: 100.0%;max-height: 100.0%;\" /></p><p><em>Hello, Codeforces!</em></p><p><em>We, the <a href=\"https://ton.org/\">TON Foundation</a> team, are pleased to support CodeTON Round 6.</em></p><p><em>The Open Network (TON) is a fully decentralized layer-1 blockchain designed to onboard billions of users to Web3.</em></p><p><em>Since July 2022, <a href=\"/blog/entry/104544\">we have been supporting</a> Codeforces as a title sponsor. This round is another way for us to contribute to the development of the community.</em></p><p><em>The winners of CodeTON Round 6 will receive valuable prizes.</em></p><p><em>The first 1,023 participants will receive prizes in TON cryptocurrency:</em></p> <ul> <li><em>1st place: 1,024 TON</em></li> <li><em>2–3 places: 512 TON each</em></li> <li><em>4–7 places: 256 TON each</em></li> <li><em>8–15 places: 128 TON each</em></li> <li><em>…</em></li> <li><em>512–1,023 places: 2 TON each</em></li> </ul><p><em>We wish you good luck at CodeTON Round 6 and hope you enjoy the contest!</em></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120458\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1870\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">CodeTON Round 6 (Div. 1 + Div. 2, Rated, Prizes!)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-223600-121083\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"223600\",\n blogEntryId: \"120458\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+394</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-121083\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/glebustim\">\n glebustim\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/16/2023 14:16\">3 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120458#comments\">\n 171\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-121083\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 121083, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320697, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"margin-bottom:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"120865\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240\"> <p>Codeforces Round #897 (Div. 2)</p>\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">salyg1n</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Hello, Codeforces! 🤯</p><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/green_gold_dog\" title=\"Grandmaster green_gold_dog\">green_gold_dog</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ace5\" title=\"International Master ace5\">ace5</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> and I <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/salyg1n\" title=\"Master salyg1n\">salyg1n</a> are pleased to invite you to participate in <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/contest/1867\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a>, which will take place on <a href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?day=11&month=9&year=2023&hour=17&min=35&sec=0&p1=166\">Monday, September 11, 2023 in 17:35</a>.</p><p>This round will be <strong>rated</strong> for participants whose <strong>rating is below 2100</strong>.</p><p>You will be given 6 tasks and 2 hours to solve them. We recommend reading all the tasks. <strong>Interactive tasks may occur in the round</strong>, so we suggest reading this <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/45307\">post</a>.</p><p>We want to thank:</p> <ul> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Aleks5d\" title=\"Grandmaster Aleks5d\">Aleks5d</a> for coordinating the round and improving one of the tasks. 🤓</p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Allvik06\" title=\"International Grandmaster Allvik06\">Allvik06</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Nutella3000\" title=\"Grandmaster Nutella3000\">Nutella3000</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/arbuzick\" title=\"International Grandmaster arbuzick\">arbuzick</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/alegsandyr\" title=\"Grandmaster alegsandyr\">alegsandyr</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/maomao90\" title=\"Grandmaster maomao90\">maomao90</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/FairyWinx\" title=\"Grandmaster FairyWinx\">FairyWinx</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/zwezdinv\" title=\"Grandmaster zwezdinv\">zwezdinv</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/valerikk\" title=\"Master valerikk\">valerikk</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/danya111\" title=\"Master danya111\">danya111</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/EJIC_B_KEDAX\" title=\"Master EJIC_B_KEDAX\">EJIC_B_KEDAX</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/dushenkov\" title=\"Master dushenkov\">dushenkov</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/fishy15\" title=\"Master fishy15\">fishy15</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/makrav\" title=\"Master makrav\">makrav</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/pakhomovee\" title=\"International Master pakhomovee\">pakhomovee</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/aleksandro\" title=\"Master aleksandro\">aleksandro</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/Yar_sem\" title=\"Master Yar_sem\">Yar_sem</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/asafiul\" title=\"Master asafiul\">asafiul</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Ivan_len\" title=\"Candidate Master Ivan_len\">Ivan_len</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/ArtAlex\" title=\"Candidate Master ArtAlex\">ArtAlex</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Undying\" title=\"Candidate Master Undying\">Undying</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/JustNik77\" title=\"Candidate Master JustNik77\">JustNik77</a>, <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/Pavarishko\" title=\"Candidate Master Pavarishko\">Pavarishko</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/xnor\" title=\"Candidate Master xnor\">xnor</a> for testing the round and giving valuable feedback. 🙏 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">orz</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/ryskmax\" title=\"Expert ryskmax\">ryskmax</a> for being the only blue tester and giving valuable feedback. 🐳 </p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/DimaTomsk\" title=\"Master DimaTomsk\">DimaTomsk</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-orange\" href=\"/profile/ilyakrasnovv\" title=\"Master ilyakrasnovv\">ilyakrasnovv</a> for viewing some of the tasks and giving valuable feedback. 🤠 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\"></span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/stepanov.aa\" title=\"Grandmaster stepanov.aa\">stepanov.aa</a> for <strong>not</strong> testing the round. 🦥 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">:(</span></p></li> <li><p>The authors of the task <em>5. Overtaking</em> from IOI 2023 for <a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/bashkort\" title=\"Grandmaster bashkort\">bashkort</a> taking a <strong>gold medal</strong>. 🥇 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Too dead? Yes, so am I.</span></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/MikeMirzayanov\" title=\"Headquarters, MikeMirzayanov\">MikeMirzayanov</a> and <a class=\"rated-user user-admin\" href=\"/profile/geranazavr555\" title=\"Headquarters, geranazavr555\">geranazavr555</a> for the excellent codeforces and polygon platforms. 🦖 <span style=\"color: rgb(255,255,255);\">Thank you!</span></p></li> </ul><p>We hope you'll enjoy our problems! Good luck!</p><p><strong>UPD.</strong> Score distribution: $$$500 - 1000 - 1250 - 2000 - (2000 + 1000) - 4000$$$.</p><p><strong>UPD2.</strong> Congratulations to the winners!</p><p><strong>Div. 2</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-violet\" href=\"/profile/candidatecandidatemaster\" title=\"Candidate Master candidatecandidatemaster\">candidatecandidatemaster</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-cyan\" href=\"/profile/Coreopsis\" title=\"Specialist Coreopsis\">Coreopsis</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/iFFT\" title=\"Expert iFFT\">iFFT</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-blue\" href=\"/profile/Dorothy__\" title=\"Expert Dorothy__\">Dorothy__</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-gray\" href=\"/profile/wfoifysaasisufgv\" title=\"Newbie wfoifysaasisufgv\">wfoifysaasisufgv</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>Div. 1</strong></p> <ol> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Golovanov399\" title=\"International Grandmaster Golovanov399\">Golovanov399</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/Geothermal\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Geothermal\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">G</span>eothermal</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-legendary\" href=\"/profile/arvindf232\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster arvindf232\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">a</span>rvindf232</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Rubikun\" title=\"International Grandmaster Rubikun\">Rubikun</a></p></li> <li><p><a class=\"rated-user user-red\" href=\"/profile/Vercingetorix\" title=\"International Grandmaster Vercingetorix\">Vercingetorix</a></p></li> </ol><p><strong>UPD3.</strong> <a href=\"https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/120353\">Editorial.</a></p></div>\r\n\r\n <p class=\"topic-options\">\r\n <a class=\"topic-read-more\" href=\"/blog/entry/120240\">Full text and comments »</a>\r\n </p>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Announcement of <a href=\"/contest/1867\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Round 897 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-230855-120865\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"230855\",\n blogEntryId: \"120240\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+280</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-120865\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/salyg1n\">\n salyg1n\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/09/2023 17:34\">4 weeks ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120240#comments\">\n 218\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".topic-vote-up-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: +1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n $(\".topic-vote-down-120865\").click(function () {\r\n $.post(\"/data/topic/vote\", {topicId: 120865, _tta: Codeforces.tta(), topicRevisionId: 320121, vote: -1}, function(data) {\r\n Codeforces.showMessage(data);\r\n adjustTopicComplainFrames();\r\n }, \"json\");\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"pagination\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <span class=\"inactive\">←</span>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index active\" pageIndex=\"1\"><a href=\"/page/1\">1</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span class=\"page-index\" pageIndex=\"2\"><a href=\"/page/2\">2</a></span>\r\n </li>\r\n <li>\r\n <span 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Postcards and photos"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Postcards and photos</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Polycarpus has postcards and photos hung in a row on the wall. He decided to put them away to the closet and hang on the wall a famous painter's picture. Polycarpus does it like that: he goes from the left to the right and removes the objects consecutively. As Polycarpus doesn't want any mix-ups to happen, he will not carry in his hands objects of two different types. In other words, Polycarpus can't carry both postcards and photos simultaneously. Sometimes he goes to the closet and puts the objects there, thus leaving his hands free. Polycarpus must put <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the postcards and photos to the closet. He cannot skip objects. What minimum number of times he should visit the closet if he cannot carry more than 5 items?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only line of the input data contains a non-empty string consisting of letters <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">\"С\"</span> and <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">\"P\"</span> whose length does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">100</span> characters. If the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character in the string is the letter <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">\"С\"</span>, that means that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th object (the numbering goes from the left to the right) on Polycarpus' wall is a postcard. And if the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character is the letter <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">\"P\"</span>, than the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th object on the wall is a photo.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only number — the minimum number of times Polycarpus has to visit the closet.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CPCPCPC<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>7<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CCCCCCPPPPPP<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CCCCCCPPCPPPPPPPPPP<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CCCCCCCCCC<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Polycarpus needs to take one item to the closet 7 times.</p><p>In the second sample Polycarpus can first take 3 postcards to the closet; then 3 more. He can take the 6 photos that are left in the similar way, going to the closet twice.</p><p>In the third sample Polycarpus can visit the closet twice, both times carrying 3 postcards. Then he can take there 2 photos at once, then one postcard and finally, he can carry the last 10 photos if he visits the closet twice.</p><p>In the fourth sample Polycarpus can visit the closet twice and take there all 10 postcards (5 items during each go).</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"5d83b8eb5ff5113d306d40a98b47c781\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"62788e56918c58aef634ad641b30a12f5c598ac5\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/137\">Codeforces Beta Round 98 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5d83b8eb5ff5113d306d40a98b47c781'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/137/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *900\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5d83b8eb5ff5113d306d40a98b47c781'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"721\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='5d83b8eb5ff5113d306d40a98b47c781'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"721\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = 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class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3317\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #98 (Div. 2)\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"341:342\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3318\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #98 (Div. 2): Editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"924:925\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: 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class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Postcards and photos</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Polycarpus has postcards and photos hung in a row on the wall. He decided to put them away to the closet and hang on the wall a famous painter's picture. Polycarpus does it like that: he goes from the left to the right and removes the objects consecutively. As Polycarpus doesn't want any mix-ups to happen, he will not carry in his hands objects of two different types. In other words, Polycarpus can't carry both postcards and photos simultaneously. Sometimes he goes to the closet and puts the objects there, thus leaving his hands free. Polycarpus must put <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">all</span> the postcards and photos to the closet. He cannot skip objects. What minimum number of times he should visit the closet if he cannot carry more than 5 items?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only line of the input data contains a non-empty string consisting of letters <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">"С"</span> and <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">"P"</span> whose length does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">100</span> characters. If the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character in the string is the letter <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">"С"</span>, that means that the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th object (the numbering goes from the left to the right) on Polycarpus' wall is a postcard. And if the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th character is the letter <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">"P"</span>, than the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th object on the wall is a photo.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only number — the minimum number of times Polycarpus has to visit the closet.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CPCPCPC<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>7<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CCCCCCPPPPPP<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CCCCCCPPCPPPPPPPPPP<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>CCCCCCCCCC<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample Polycarpus needs to take one item to the closet 7 times.</p><p>In the second sample Polycarpus can first take 3 postcards to the closet; then 3 more. He can take the 6 photos that are left in the similar way, going to the closet twice.</p><p>In the third sample Polycarpus can visit the closet twice, both times carrying 3 postcards. Then he can take there 2 photos at once, then one postcard and finally, he can carry the last 10 photos if he visits the closet twice.</p><p>In the fourth sample Polycarpus can visit the closet twice and take there all 10 postcards (5 items during each go).</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f4b29995117d5537e0f86bd45a20f6ea'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/Edvard\">Edvard</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Edvard\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Edvard\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Edvard\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Edvard\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Edvard\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Edvard\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Edvard\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Edvard's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3332\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318\"> Codeforces Beta Round #98 (Div. 2): Editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\" title=\"Candidate Master Edvard\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Edvard</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/A\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">A. Postcards and photos</a></p> <p>We will move from the left of string to the right. When we passed the whole string, or in the hands of us have 5 pieces, or current object is different from what we hold in our hands, we remove all the items in the pantry. The answer to the problem is the number of visits to the pantry.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/B\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">B. Permutation</a></p> <p>We can count the number of integers from 1 to n, which occur in sequence at least once. Then the answer is n minus that number.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/C\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">C. History</a></p> <p>Denote a[i], b[i] - ends of the i-th event. Let's sort pairs (a[i], b[i]) by a[i] and iterate over all pairs. Denote rg the maximal b[i] from already processed. If current b[i] < rg than we must increment answer by one. If b[i] > rg than we must assign rg by b[i].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/D\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">D. Palindromes</a></p> <p>Let's preprocess array cnt[i][j] - the minimal number of changes tha we must do to make substring from position i to j palindrom. We can easy calc cnt[i][j] with complexity O(n^3). Now we can calculate dynamic programming z[i][j] - minimal number of changes that we can do to split prefix of length i into j palindromes. In begining we must assign z[i][j] = infinity for all (i, j) and assign z[0][0] = 0. If we want to make updates from state (i, j) we must fix the length of j-th palindrom - len. We can update z[i + len][j + 1] by value z[i][j] + cnt[i][i + len - 1]. Answer to the problem is the min(z[n][i]), where n is the length of string and i from range [1, k].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n^3).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/E\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">E. Last Chance</a></p> <p>Let's replace all vowels by -1 and all consonants by +2. Obviously substring from position i to j is good if sum in the substring [i, j] is nonnegative. Denote this sum by sum[i][j]. Obviously sum[i][j] = p[j + 1] - p[i], where p[i] is the sum of first i elements. Now for all i we want to find maximal j such that j >= i and sum[i][j] >= 0. For this let's sort the array of (p[i], i) and build segment tree on this array by i. Let's iterate over all p[i] in nondescending order. Obsiously for fixed i we have that j = max(index[i]), where index[i] is the index of i-th partial sum in nondescending order and i from range [x, n], where x is the position of the first partial sum with value p[i] in sorted array. Than we must update position i by value of negative infinity and update answer by j - i.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/137\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 98 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-146-3332\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"146\",\n blogEntryId: \"3318\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%23beta+round+98\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#beta round 98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=cfbr+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">cfbr #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=editorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">editorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+23</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\">\n Edvard\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\">\n 15\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3342\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (11)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68203\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34140/avatar/71004f0d10a397f4.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin\" title=\"Candidate Master paladin\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">paladin</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 03:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68203\" href=\"?#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68203\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34140\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68203\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In E, you can easily do O(n) without interval tree. Let s[k] = max{p[i] : i=k, k+1, ..., n}. The values of s[k] are non-increasing and can be computed in linear time. For every i, you want to find maximal j >= i such that p[j] >= p[i] - in other words, the last j such that s[j] >= p[i]. You can either binsearch it (an easier n log n solution), or observe that when you find a good interval (i<sub>0</sub>,j<sub>0</sub>) and want to find a better one (i<font size=\"2\"><sub>1</sub></font>,j<sub>1</sub>) with i<sub>1 </sub>> i<sub>0</sub>, there must be p[i<sub>1</sub>] < p[i<sub>0</sub>] and j<sub>1 </sub>> j<sub>0</sub>. Therefore, you increase the value of i until you find smaller value of p[i], and then increase j until s[j+1] < p[i]. As the indices i, j only move right, the complexity is linear.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68203\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"116340\" commentParentId=\"68203\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" title=\"Expert Poseidon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Poseidon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/27/2012 04:50\">11 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-116340\" href=\"?#comment-116340\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"116340\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"56550\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-116340\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That is very cool. Is computing the <code>s[]</code> array a common trick? Thanks!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-116340\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68205\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:45\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68205\" href=\"?#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68205\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68205\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anybody have a quick look at my solution?<div>I tried to figure it out why I could not pass Test Case 15. However, hours passed without any good results.</div><div>Link: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/960486\">code</a>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Thanks so much.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68205\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68207\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/339/avatar/cd6a400df66560b2.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" title=\"Master Jokser\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Jokser</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68207\" href=\"?#comment-68207\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68207\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"339\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68207\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Maybe mistake in compareTo ?<br />Add this in method:<br />if (this.start > arg0.start)<br /> return 1;</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68207\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68212\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30365/avatar/45606fb7dc63c6b4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" title=\"Expert cdschenshuai\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">cdschenshuai</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 09:41\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68212\" href=\"?#comment-68212\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68212\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30365\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68212\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I made the same mistake in my C++ code when implement my own comparison function %>_<%</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68212\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68245\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/gravity\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13596/avatar/980d1c5ec3e361d0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/gravity\" title=\"Newbie gravity\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">gravity</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 18:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68245\" href=\"?#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68245\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13596\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68245\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone please explain problem D Div 2 ? What are we supposed to do ? <div> Thank you ver much .</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68245\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68902\" commentParentId=\"68245\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" title=\"Expert Meirambek\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Meirambek</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/22/2011 07:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68902\" href=\"?#comment-68902\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68902\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13943\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68902\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">прикольно, O(nlog2n), решил</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68902\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"246117\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/14/2015 17:56\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-246117\" href=\"?#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"246117\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-246117\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>I am Trying To solve Problem E Last Chance I am using Binary Search on length to find maximum Length which satisfy the criteria. But WA in Case 39</p><p>My code: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/12531798\">Code</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-246117\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"247273\" commentParentId=\"246117\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/86049/avatar/c698ee674460e7eb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" title=\"Expert Zzyzx\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Zzyzx</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/22/2015 16:18\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-247273\" href=\"?#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"247273\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"247273\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"86049\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-247273\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Binary search on length is just wrong.</p><p>Here's a case where your code fails.</p><p>Test: "baaab"</p><p>Your code's output: "3 2"</p><p>Correct answer should be: "5 1"</p><p>Why the binary search property does not hold should be evident from this example. Basically, if you can form a good substring of length X, there's no guarantee that you can form good substrings of length < X.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-247273\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"251847\" commentParentId=\"247273\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/21/2015 08:27\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-251847\" href=\"?#comment-251847\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"251847\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-251847\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>THANKS , I UNDERSTOOD. MY NEW CODE GETS WRONG IN 53 TEST. <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/13121992\">CODE</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-251847\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"575555\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/622688/avatar/56c9d77902a8c3cb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" title=\"Expert mohaned2014\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">mohaned2014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/25/2020 03:23\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-575555\" href=\"?#comment-575555\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"575555\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"622688\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-575555\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>problem E can be solved using a single map <a href=\"/contest/137/submission/69492668\" title=\"Submission 69492668 by mohaned2014\">69492668</a> </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-575555 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a 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Permutation"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Permutation</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>\"Hey, it's homework time\" — thought Polycarpus and of course he started with his favourite subject, IT. Polycarpus managed to solve all tasks but for the last one in 20 minutes. However, as he failed to solve the last task after some considerable time, the boy asked you to help him.</p><p>The sequence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers is called a permutation if it contains all integers from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> exactly once.</p><p>You are given an arbitrary sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> containing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers. Each integer is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> and not greater than <span class=\"tex-span\">5000</span>. Determine what minimum number of elements Polycarpus needs to change to get a permutation (he should not delete or add numbers). In a single change he can modify any single sequence element (i. e. replace it with another integer).</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 5000</span>) which represents how many numbers are in the sequence. The second line contains a sequence of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 5000, 1 ≤ <i>i</i> ≤ <i>n</i></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only number — the minimum number of changes needed to get the permutation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br/>3 1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2<br/>2 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>5 3 3 3 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>The first sample contains the permutation, which is why no replacements are required.</p><p>In the second sample it is enough to replace the first element with the number 1 and that will make the sequence the needed permutation.</p><p>In the third sample we can replace the second element with number 4 and the fourth element with number 2.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"cc71d1c3195a3fcc6f0dd3b2091ee868\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"62788e56918c58aef634ad641b30a12f5c598ac5\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"B\" data-uuid=\"ps_1d84827dead0ea0118229ce5890936089b42a2af\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Permutation</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>"Hey, it's homework time" — thought Polycarpus and of course he started with his favourite subject, IT. Polycarpus managed to solve all tasks but for the last one in 20 minutes. However, as he failed to solve the last task after some considerable time, the boy asked you to help him.</p><p>The sequence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers is called a permutation if it contains all integers from <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> exactly once.</p><p>You are given an arbitrary sequence <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">2</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>n</i></sub></span> containing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> integers. Each integer is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span> and not greater than <span class=\"tex-span\">5000</span>. Determine what minimum number of elements Polycarpus needs to change to get a permutation (he should not delete or add numbers). In a single change he can modify any single sequence element (i. e. replace it with another integer).</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line of the input data contains an integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 5000</span>) which represents how many numbers are in the sequence. The second line contains a sequence of integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 5000, 1 ≤ <i>i</i> ≤ <i>n</i></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only number — the minimum number of changes needed to get the permutation.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>3<br />3 1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2<br />2 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />5 3 3 3 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>2<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>The first sample contains the permutation, which is why no replacements are required.</p><p>In the second sample it is enough to replace the first element with the number 1 and that will make the sequence the needed permutation.</p><p>In the third sample we can replace the second element with number 4 and the fourth element with number 2.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=B]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:35</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f4b29995117d5537e0f86bd45a20f6ea'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Edvard\">Edvard</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Edvard\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Edvard\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Edvard\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Edvard\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Edvard\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Edvard\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Edvard\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Edvard's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3332\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318\"> Codeforces Beta Round #98 (Div. 2): Editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\" title=\"Candidate Master Edvard\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Edvard</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/A\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">A. Postcards and photos</a></p> <p>We will move from the left of string to the right. When we passed the whole string, or in the hands of us have 5 pieces, or current object is different from what we hold in our hands, we remove all the items in the pantry. The answer to the problem is the number of visits to the pantry.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/B\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">B. Permutation</a></p> <p>We can count the number of integers from 1 to n, which occur in sequence at least once. Then the answer is n minus that number.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/C\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">C. History</a></p> <p>Denote a[i], b[i] - ends of the i-th event. Let's sort pairs (a[i], b[i]) by a[i] and iterate over all pairs. Denote rg the maximal b[i] from already processed. If current b[i] < rg than we must increment answer by one. If b[i] > rg than we must assign rg by b[i].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/D\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">D. Palindromes</a></p> <p>Let's preprocess array cnt[i][j] - the minimal number of changes tha we must do to make substring from position i to j palindrom. We can easy calc cnt[i][j] with complexity O(n^3). Now we can calculate dynamic programming z[i][j] - minimal number of changes that we can do to split prefix of length i into j palindromes. In begining we must assign z[i][j] = infinity for all (i, j) and assign z[0][0] = 0. If we want to make updates from state (i, j) we must fix the length of j-th palindrom - len. We can update z[i + len][j + 1] by value z[i][j] + cnt[i][i + len - 1]. Answer to the problem is the min(z[n][i]), where n is the length of string and i from range [1, k].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n^3).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/E\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">E. Last Chance</a></p> <p>Let's replace all vowels by -1 and all consonants by +2. Obviously substring from position i to j is good if sum in the substring [i, j] is nonnegative. Denote this sum by sum[i][j]. Obviously sum[i][j] = p[j + 1] - p[i], where p[i] is the sum of first i elements. Now for all i we want to find maximal j such that j >= i and sum[i][j] >= 0. For this let's sort the array of (p[i], i) and build segment tree on this array by i. Let's iterate over all p[i] in nondescending order. Obsiously for fixed i we have that j = max(index[i]), where index[i] is the index of i-th partial sum in nondescending order and i from range [x, n], where x is the position of the first partial sum with value p[i] in sorted array. Than we must update position i by value of negative infinity and update answer by j - i.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/137\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 98 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-146-3332\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"146\",\n blogEntryId: \"3318\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%23beta+round+98\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#beta round 98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=cfbr+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">cfbr #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=editorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">editorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+23</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\">\n Edvard\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\">\n 15\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3342\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (11)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68203\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34140/avatar/71004f0d10a397f4.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin\" title=\"Candidate Master paladin\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">paladin</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 03:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68203\" href=\"?#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68203\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34140\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68203\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In E, you can easily do O(n) without interval tree. Let s[k] = max{p[i] : i=k, k+1, ..., n}. The values of s[k] are non-increasing and can be computed in linear time. For every i, you want to find maximal j >= i such that p[j] >= p[i] - in other words, the last j such that s[j] >= p[i]. You can either binsearch it (an easier n log n solution), or observe that when you find a good interval (i<sub>0</sub>,j<sub>0</sub>) and want to find a better one (i<font size=\"2\"><sub>1</sub></font>,j<sub>1</sub>) with i<sub>1 </sub>> i<sub>0</sub>, there must be p[i<sub>1</sub>] < p[i<sub>0</sub>] and j<sub>1 </sub>> j<sub>0</sub>. Therefore, you increase the value of i until you find smaller value of p[i], and then increase j until s[j+1] < p[i]. As the indices i, j only move right, the complexity is linear.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68203\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"116340\" commentParentId=\"68203\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" title=\"Expert Poseidon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Poseidon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/27/2012 04:50\">11 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-116340\" href=\"?#comment-116340\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"116340\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"56550\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-116340\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That is very cool. Is computing the <code>s[]</code> array a common trick? Thanks!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-116340\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68205\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:45\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68205\" href=\"?#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68205\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68205\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anybody have a quick look at my solution?<div>I tried to figure it out why I could not pass Test Case 15. However, hours passed without any good results.</div><div>Link: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/960486\">code</a>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Thanks so much.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68205\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68207\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/339/avatar/cd6a400df66560b2.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" title=\"Master Jokser\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Jokser</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68207\" href=\"?#comment-68207\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68207\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"339\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68207\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Maybe mistake in compareTo ?<br />Add this in method:<br />if (this.start > arg0.start)<br /> return 1;</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68207\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68212\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30365/avatar/45606fb7dc63c6b4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" title=\"Expert cdschenshuai\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">cdschenshuai</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 09:41\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68212\" href=\"?#comment-68212\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68212\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30365\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68212\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I made the same mistake in my C++ code when implement my own comparison function %>_<%</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68212\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68245\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/gravity\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13596/avatar/980d1c5ec3e361d0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/gravity\" title=\"Newbie gravity\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">gravity</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 18:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68245\" href=\"?#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68245\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13596\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68245\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone please explain problem D Div 2 ? What are we supposed to do ? <div> Thank you ver much .</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68245\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68902\" commentParentId=\"68245\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" title=\"Expert Meirambek\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Meirambek</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/22/2011 07:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68902\" href=\"?#comment-68902\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68902\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13943\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68902\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">прикольно, O(nlog2n), решил</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68902\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"246117\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/14/2015 17:56\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-246117\" href=\"?#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"246117\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-246117\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>I am Trying To solve Problem E Last Chance I am using Binary Search on length to find maximum Length which satisfy the criteria. But WA in Case 39</p><p>My code: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/12531798\">Code</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-246117\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"247273\" commentParentId=\"246117\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/86049/avatar/c698ee674460e7eb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" title=\"Expert Zzyzx\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Zzyzx</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/22/2015 16:18\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-247273\" href=\"?#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"247273\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"247273\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"86049\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-247273\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Binary search on length is just wrong.</p><p>Here's a case where your code fails.</p><p>Test: "baaab"</p><p>Your code's output: "3 2"</p><p>Correct answer should be: "5 1"</p><p>Why the binary search property does not hold should be evident from this example. Basically, if you can form a good substring of length X, there's no guarantee that you can form good substrings of length < X.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-247273\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"251847\" commentParentId=\"247273\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/21/2015 08:27\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-251847\" href=\"?#comment-251847\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"251847\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-251847\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>THANKS , I UNDERSTOOD. MY NEW CODE GETS WRONG IN 53 TEST. <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/13121992\">CODE</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-251847\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"575555\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/622688/avatar/56c9d77902a8c3cb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" title=\"Expert mohaned2014\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">mohaned2014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/25/2020 03:23\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-575555\" href=\"?#comment-575555\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"575555\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"622688\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-575555\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>problem E can be solved using a single map <a href=\"/contest/137/submission/69492668\" title=\"Submission 69492668 by mohaned2014\">69492668</a> </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-575555 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a 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History"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. History</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Polycarpus likes studying at school a lot and he is always diligent about his homework. Polycarpus has never had any problems with natural sciences as his great-great-grandfather was the great physicist Seinstein. On the other hand though, Polycarpus has never had an easy time with history.</p><p>Everybody knows that the World history encompasses exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> events: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th event had continued from the year <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to the year <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> inclusive (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>). Polycarpus easily learned the dates when each of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> events started and ended (Polycarpus inherited excellent memory from his great-great-granddad). But the teacher gave him a more complicated task: Polycaprus should know when all events began and ended and he should also find out for each event whether it includes another event. Polycarpus' teacher thinks that an event <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> includes an event <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> < <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Your task is simpler: find the number of events that are included in some other event.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first input line contains integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>) which represents the number of events. Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain descriptions of the historical events, one event per line. The <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> + 1</span> line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>) — the beginning and the end of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th event. No two events start or finish in the same year, that is, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> (where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> ≠ <i>j</i></span>). Events are given in arbitrary order.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only integer — the answer to the problem.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>1 10<br/>2 9<br/>3 8<br/>4 7<br/>5 6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br/>1 100<br/>2 50<br/>51 99<br/>52 98<br/>10 60<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br/>1 1000000000<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example the fifth event is contained in the fourth. Similarly, the fourth event is contained in the third, the third — in the second and the second — in the first.</p><p>In the second example all events except the first one are contained in the first.</p><p>In the third example only one event, so the answer is 0.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"9d5d55254acfd7d59782c24875de1449\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"62788e56918c58aef634ad641b30a12f5c598ac5\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_fcd6ac00e02eb0d0c716d3fc9ca425a2bc2b15ed\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. History</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Polycarpus likes studying at school a lot and he is always diligent about his homework. Polycarpus has never had any problems with natural sciences as his great-great-grandfather was the great physicist Seinstein. On the other hand though, Polycarpus has never had an easy time with history.</p><p>Everybody knows that the World history encompasses exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> events: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th event had continued from the year <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> to the year <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> inclusive (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>). Polycarpus easily learned the dates when each of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> events started and ended (Polycarpus inherited excellent memory from his great-great-granddad). But the teacher gave him a more complicated task: Polycaprus should know when all events began and ended and he should also find out for each event whether it includes another event. Polycarpus' teacher thinks that an event <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> includes an event <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> < <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>. Your task is simpler: find the number of events that are included in some other event.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first input line contains integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>) which represents the number of events. Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain descriptions of the historical events, one event per line. The <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> + 1</span> line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> < <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>) — the beginning and the end of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th event. No two events start or finish in the same year, that is, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>, <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≠ <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> for all <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> (where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i> ≠ <i>j</i></span>). Events are given in arbitrary order.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the only integer — the answer to the problem.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />1 10<br />2 9<br />3 8<br />4 7<br />5 6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>5<br />1 100<br />2 50<br />51 99<br />52 98<br />10 60<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br />1 1000000000<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first example the fifth event is contained in the fourth. 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:35</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f4b29995117d5537e0f86bd45a20f6ea'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New 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title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121163\">AtCoder Regular Contest 166 Announcement</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/windva\" title=\"Grandmaster windva\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">windva</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120644\">Codeforces Round 899 (Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Misa-Misa\" title=\"Expert Misa-Misa\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Misa-Misa</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121157\">Someone please help me understand this.</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Edvard\">Edvard</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Edvard\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Edvard\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Edvard\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Edvard\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Edvard\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Edvard\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Edvard\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Edvard's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3332\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318\"> Codeforces Beta Round #98 (Div. 2): Editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\" title=\"Candidate Master Edvard\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Edvard</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/A\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">A. Postcards and photos</a></p> <p>We will move from the left of string to the right. When we passed the whole string, or in the hands of us have 5 pieces, or current object is different from what we hold in our hands, we remove all the items in the pantry. The answer to the problem is the number of visits to the pantry.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/B\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">B. Permutation</a></p> <p>We can count the number of integers from 1 to n, which occur in sequence at least once. Then the answer is n minus that number.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/C\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">C. History</a></p> <p>Denote a[i], b[i] - ends of the i-th event. Let's sort pairs (a[i], b[i]) by a[i] and iterate over all pairs. Denote rg the maximal b[i] from already processed. If current b[i] < rg than we must increment answer by one. If b[i] > rg than we must assign rg by b[i].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/D\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">D. Palindromes</a></p> <p>Let's preprocess array cnt[i][j] - the minimal number of changes tha we must do to make substring from position i to j palindrom. We can easy calc cnt[i][j] with complexity O(n^3). Now we can calculate dynamic programming z[i][j] - minimal number of changes that we can do to split prefix of length i into j palindromes. In begining we must assign z[i][j] = infinity for all (i, j) and assign z[0][0] = 0. If we want to make updates from state (i, j) we must fix the length of j-th palindrom - len. We can update z[i + len][j + 1] by value z[i][j] + cnt[i][i + len - 1]. Answer to the problem is the min(z[n][i]), where n is the length of string and i from range [1, k].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n^3).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/E\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">E. Last Chance</a></p> <p>Let's replace all vowels by -1 and all consonants by +2. Obviously substring from position i to j is good if sum in the substring [i, j] is nonnegative. Denote this sum by sum[i][j]. Obviously sum[i][j] = p[j + 1] - p[i], where p[i] is the sum of first i elements. Now for all i we want to find maximal j such that j >= i and sum[i][j] >= 0. For this let's sort the array of (p[i], i) and build segment tree on this array by i. Let's iterate over all p[i] in nondescending order. Obsiously for fixed i we have that j = max(index[i]), where index[i] is the index of i-th partial sum in nondescending order and i from range [x, n], where x is the position of the first partial sum with value p[i] in sorted array. Than we must update position i by value of negative infinity and update answer by j - i.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/137\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 98 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-146-3332\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"146\",\n blogEntryId: \"3318\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%23beta+round+98\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#beta round 98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=cfbr+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">cfbr #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=editorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">editorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+23</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\">\n Edvard\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\">\n 15\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3342\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (11)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68203\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34140/avatar/71004f0d10a397f4.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin\" title=\"Candidate Master paladin\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">paladin</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 03:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68203\" href=\"?#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68203\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34140\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68203\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In E, you can easily do O(n) without interval tree. Let s[k] = max{p[i] : i=k, k+1, ..., n}. The values of s[k] are non-increasing and can be computed in linear time. For every i, you want to find maximal j >= i such that p[j] >= p[i] - in other words, the last j such that s[j] >= p[i]. You can either binsearch it (an easier n log n solution), or observe that when you find a good interval (i<sub>0</sub>,j<sub>0</sub>) and want to find a better one (i<font size=\"2\"><sub>1</sub></font>,j<sub>1</sub>) with i<sub>1 </sub>> i<sub>0</sub>, there must be p[i<sub>1</sub>] < p[i<sub>0</sub>] and j<sub>1 </sub>> j<sub>0</sub>. Therefore, you increase the value of i until you find smaller value of p[i], and then increase j until s[j+1] < p[i]. As the indices i, j only move right, the complexity is linear.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68203\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"116340\" commentParentId=\"68203\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" title=\"Expert Poseidon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Poseidon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/27/2012 04:50\">11 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-116340\" href=\"?#comment-116340\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"116340\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"56550\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-116340\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That is very cool. Is computing the <code>s[]</code> array a common trick? Thanks!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-116340\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68205\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:45\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68205\" href=\"?#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68205\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68205\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anybody have a quick look at my solution?<div>I tried to figure it out why I could not pass Test Case 15. However, hours passed without any good results.</div><div>Link: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/960486\">code</a>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Thanks so much.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68205\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68207\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/339/avatar/cd6a400df66560b2.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" title=\"Master Jokser\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Jokser</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68207\" href=\"?#comment-68207\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68207\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"339\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68207\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Maybe mistake in compareTo ?<br />Add this in method:<br />if (this.start > arg0.start)<br /> return 1;</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68207\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68212\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30365/avatar/45606fb7dc63c6b4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" title=\"Expert cdschenshuai\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">cdschenshuai</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 09:41\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68212\" href=\"?#comment-68212\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68212\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30365\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68212\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I made the same mistake in my C++ code when implement my own comparison function %>_<%</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68212\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68245\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/gravity\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13596/avatar/980d1c5ec3e361d0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/gravity\" title=\"Newbie gravity\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">gravity</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 18:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68245\" href=\"?#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68245\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13596\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68245\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone please explain problem D Div 2 ? What are we supposed to do ? <div> Thank you ver much .</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68245\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68902\" commentParentId=\"68245\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" title=\"Expert Meirambek\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Meirambek</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/22/2011 07:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68902\" href=\"?#comment-68902\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68902\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13943\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68902\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">прикольно, O(nlog2n), решил</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68902\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"246117\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/14/2015 17:56\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-246117\" href=\"?#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"246117\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-246117\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>I am Trying To solve Problem E Last Chance I am using Binary Search on length to find maximum Length which satisfy the criteria. But WA in Case 39</p><p>My code: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/12531798\">Code</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-246117\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"247273\" commentParentId=\"246117\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/86049/avatar/c698ee674460e7eb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" title=\"Expert Zzyzx\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Zzyzx</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/22/2015 16:18\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-247273\" href=\"?#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"247273\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"247273\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"86049\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-247273\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Binary search on length is just wrong.</p><p>Here's a case where your code fails.</p><p>Test: "baaab"</p><p>Your code's output: "3 2"</p><p>Correct answer should be: "5 1"</p><p>Why the binary search property does not hold should be evident from this example. Basically, if you can form a good substring of length X, there's no guarantee that you can form good substrings of length < X.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-247273\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"251847\" commentParentId=\"247273\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/21/2015 08:27\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-251847\" href=\"?#comment-251847\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"251847\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-251847\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>THANKS , I UNDERSTOOD. MY NEW CODE GETS WRONG IN 53 TEST. <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/13121992\">CODE</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-251847\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"575555\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/622688/avatar/56c9d77902a8c3cb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" title=\"Expert mohaned2014\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">mohaned2014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/25/2020 03:23\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-575555\" href=\"?#comment-575555\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"575555\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"622688\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-575555\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>problem E can be solved using a single map <a href=\"/contest/137/submission/69492668\" title=\"Submission 69492668 by mohaned2014\">69492668</a> </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-575555 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a 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Palindromes"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Palindromes</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Friday is Polycarpus' favourite day of the week. Not because it is followed by the weekend, but because the lessons on Friday are 2 IT lessons, 2 math lessons and 2 literature lessons. Of course, Polycarpus has prepared to all of them, unlike his buddy Innocentius. Innocentius spent all evening playing his favourite game Fur2 and didn't have enough time to do the literature task. As Innocentius didn't want to get an F, he decided to do the task and read the book called \"Storm and Calm\" during the IT and Math lessons (he never used to have problems with these subjects). When the IT teacher Mr. Watkins saw this, he decided to give Innocentius another task so that the boy concentrated more on the lesson and less — on the staff that has nothing to do with IT. </p><p>Mr. Watkins said that a palindrome is a string that can be read the same way in either direction, from the left to the right and from the right to the left. A concatenation of strings <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> is a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>ab</i></span> that results from consecutive adding of string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> to string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>. Of course, Innocentius knew it all but the task was much harder than he could have imagined. Mr. Watkins asked change in the \"Storm and Calm\" the minimum number of characters so that the text of the book would also be a concatenation of no more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> palindromes. Innocentius can't complete the task and therefore asks you to help him.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first input line contains a non-empty string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> which is the text of \"Storm and Calm\" (without spaces). The length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">500</span> characters. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> consists of uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. The second line contains a single number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ |<i>s</i>|</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>s</i>|</span> represents the length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print on the first line the minimum number of changes that Innocentius will have to make. Print on the second line the string consisting of no more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> palindromes. Each palindrome should be non-empty and consist of uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. Use the character \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>\" (ASCII-code 43) to separate consecutive palindromes. If there exist several solutions, print any of them.</p><p>The letters' case does matter, that is an uppercase letter is <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">not</span> considered equivalent to the corresponding lowercase letter.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abacaba<br/>1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/>abacaba<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abdcaba<br/>2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/>abdcdba<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abdcaba<br/>5<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/>a+b+d+c+aba<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abacababababbcbabcd<br/>3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/>abacaba+babab+bcbabcb<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"c1024d169f94a9ce4a3e14fb8366473b\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"62788e56918c58aef634ad641b30a12f5c598ac5\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_9e92c98c076a7ec199d26acfe9eb80fc1d41a654\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Palindromes</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Friday is Polycarpus' favourite day of the week. Not because it is followed by the weekend, but because the lessons on Friday are 2 IT lessons, 2 math lessons and 2 literature lessons. Of course, Polycarpus has prepared to all of them, unlike his buddy Innocentius. Innocentius spent all evening playing his favourite game Fur2 and didn't have enough time to do the literature task. As Innocentius didn't want to get an F, he decided to do the task and read the book called "Storm and Calm" during the IT and Math lessons (he never used to have problems with these subjects). When the IT teacher Mr. Watkins saw this, he decided to give Innocentius another task so that the boy concentrated more on the lesson and less — on the staff that has nothing to do with IT. </p><p>Mr. Watkins said that a palindrome is a string that can be read the same way in either direction, from the left to the right and from the right to the left. A concatenation of strings <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> is a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>ab</i></span> that results from consecutive adding of string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i></span> to string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i></span>. Of course, Innocentius knew it all but the task was much harder than he could have imagined. Mr. Watkins asked change in the "Storm and Calm" the minimum number of characters so that the text of the book would also be a concatenation of no more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> palindromes. Innocentius can't complete the task and therefore asks you to help him.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first input line contains a non-empty string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> which is the text of "Storm and Calm" (without spaces). The length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">500</span> characters. String <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> consists of uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. The second line contains a single number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ |<i>s</i>|</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>s</i>|</span> represents the length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>).</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print on the first line the minimum number of changes that Innocentius will have to make. Print on the second line the string consisting of no more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> palindromes. Each palindrome should be non-empty and consist of uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. Use the character "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">+</span>" (ASCII-code 43) to separate consecutive palindromes. If there exist several solutions, print any of them.</p><p>The letters' case does matter, that is an uppercase letter is <span class=\"tex-font-style-bf\">not</span> considered equivalent to the corresponding lowercase letter.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abacaba<br />1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br />abacaba<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abdcaba<br />2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br />abdcdba<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abdcaba<br />5<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br />a+b+d+c+aba<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>abacababababbcbabcd<br />3<br /></pre></div><div 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:35</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f4b29995117d5537e0f86bd45a20f6ea'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Edvard\">Edvard</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Edvard\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Edvard\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Edvard\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Edvard\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Edvard\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Edvard\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Edvard\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Edvard's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3332\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318\"> Codeforces Beta Round #98 (Div. 2): Editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\" title=\"Candidate Master Edvard\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Edvard</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/A\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">A. Postcards and photos</a></p> <p>We will move from the left of string to the right. When we passed the whole string, or in the hands of us have 5 pieces, or current object is different from what we hold in our hands, we remove all the items in the pantry. The answer to the problem is the number of visits to the pantry.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/B\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">B. Permutation</a></p> <p>We can count the number of integers from 1 to n, which occur in sequence at least once. Then the answer is n minus that number.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/C\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">C. History</a></p> <p>Denote a[i], b[i] - ends of the i-th event. Let's sort pairs (a[i], b[i]) by a[i] and iterate over all pairs. Denote rg the maximal b[i] from already processed. If current b[i] < rg than we must increment answer by one. If b[i] > rg than we must assign rg by b[i].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/D\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">D. Palindromes</a></p> <p>Let's preprocess array cnt[i][j] - the minimal number of changes tha we must do to make substring from position i to j palindrom. We can easy calc cnt[i][j] with complexity O(n^3). Now we can calculate dynamic programming z[i][j] - minimal number of changes that we can do to split prefix of length i into j palindromes. In begining we must assign z[i][j] = infinity for all (i, j) and assign z[0][0] = 0. If we want to make updates from state (i, j) we must fix the length of j-th palindrom - len. We can update z[i + len][j + 1] by value z[i][j] + cnt[i][i + len - 1]. Answer to the problem is the min(z[n][i]), where n is the length of string and i from range [1, k].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n^3).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/E\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">E. Last Chance</a></p> <p>Let's replace all vowels by -1 and all consonants by +2. Obviously substring from position i to j is good if sum in the substring [i, j] is nonnegative. Denote this sum by sum[i][j]. Obviously sum[i][j] = p[j + 1] - p[i], where p[i] is the sum of first i elements. Now for all i we want to find maximal j such that j >= i and sum[i][j] >= 0. For this let's sort the array of (p[i], i) and build segment tree on this array by i. Let's iterate over all p[i] in nondescending order. Obsiously for fixed i we have that j = max(index[i]), where index[i] is the index of i-th partial sum in nondescending order and i from range [x, n], where x is the position of the first partial sum with value p[i] in sorted array. Than we must update position i by value of negative infinity and update answer by j - i.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/137\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 98 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-146-3332\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"146\",\n blogEntryId: \"3318\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%23beta+round+98\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#beta round 98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=cfbr+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">cfbr #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=editorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">editorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+23</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\">\n Edvard\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\">\n 15\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3342\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (11)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68203\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34140/avatar/71004f0d10a397f4.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin\" title=\"Candidate Master paladin\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">paladin</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 03:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68203\" href=\"?#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68203\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34140\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68203\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In E, you can easily do O(n) without interval tree. Let s[k] = max{p[i] : i=k, k+1, ..., n}. The values of s[k] are non-increasing and can be computed in linear time. For every i, you want to find maximal j >= i such that p[j] >= p[i] - in other words, the last j such that s[j] >= p[i]. You can either binsearch it (an easier n log n solution), or observe that when you find a good interval (i<sub>0</sub>,j<sub>0</sub>) and want to find a better one (i<font size=\"2\"><sub>1</sub></font>,j<sub>1</sub>) with i<sub>1 </sub>> i<sub>0</sub>, there must be p[i<sub>1</sub>] < p[i<sub>0</sub>] and j<sub>1 </sub>> j<sub>0</sub>. Therefore, you increase the value of i until you find smaller value of p[i], and then increase j until s[j+1] < p[i]. As the indices i, j only move right, the complexity is linear.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68203\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"116340\" commentParentId=\"68203\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" title=\"Expert Poseidon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Poseidon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/27/2012 04:50\">11 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-116340\" href=\"?#comment-116340\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"116340\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"56550\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-116340\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That is very cool. Is computing the <code>s[]</code> array a common trick? Thanks!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-116340\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68205\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:45\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68205\" href=\"?#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68205\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68205\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anybody have a quick look at my solution?<div>I tried to figure it out why I could not pass Test Case 15. However, hours passed without any good results.</div><div>Link: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/960486\">code</a>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Thanks so much.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68205\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68207\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/339/avatar/cd6a400df66560b2.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" title=\"Master Jokser\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Jokser</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68207\" href=\"?#comment-68207\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68207\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"339\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68207\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Maybe mistake in compareTo ?<br />Add this in method:<br />if (this.start > arg0.start)<br /> return 1;</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68207\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68212\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30365/avatar/45606fb7dc63c6b4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" title=\"Expert cdschenshuai\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">cdschenshuai</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 09:41\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68212\" href=\"?#comment-68212\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68212\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30365\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68212\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I made the same mistake in my C++ code when implement my own comparison function %>_<%</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68212\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68245\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/gravity\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13596/avatar/980d1c5ec3e361d0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/gravity\" title=\"Newbie gravity\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">gravity</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 18:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68245\" href=\"?#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68245\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13596\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68245\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone please explain problem D Div 2 ? What are we supposed to do ? <div> Thank you ver much .</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68245\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68902\" commentParentId=\"68245\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" title=\"Expert Meirambek\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Meirambek</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/22/2011 07:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68902\" href=\"?#comment-68902\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68902\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13943\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68902\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">прикольно, O(nlog2n), решил</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68902\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"246117\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/14/2015 17:56\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-246117\" href=\"?#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"246117\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-246117\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>I am Trying To solve Problem E Last Chance I am using Binary Search on length to find maximum Length which satisfy the criteria. But WA in Case 39</p><p>My code: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/12531798\">Code</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-246117\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"247273\" commentParentId=\"246117\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/86049/avatar/c698ee674460e7eb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" title=\"Expert Zzyzx\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Zzyzx</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/22/2015 16:18\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-247273\" href=\"?#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"247273\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"247273\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"86049\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-247273\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Binary search on length is just wrong.</p><p>Here's a case where your code fails.</p><p>Test: "baaab"</p><p>Your code's output: "3 2"</p><p>Correct answer should be: "5 1"</p><p>Why the binary search property does not hold should be evident from this example. Basically, if you can form a good substring of length X, there's no guarantee that you can form good substrings of length < X.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-247273\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"251847\" commentParentId=\"247273\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/21/2015 08:27\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-251847\" href=\"?#comment-251847\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"251847\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-251847\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>THANKS , I UNDERSTOOD. MY NEW CODE GETS WRONG IN 53 TEST. <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/13121992\">CODE</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-251847\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"575555\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/622688/avatar/56c9d77902a8c3cb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" title=\"Expert mohaned2014\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">mohaned2014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/25/2020 03:23\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-575555\" href=\"?#comment-575555\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"575555\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"622688\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-575555\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>problem E can be solved using a single map <a href=\"/contest/137/submission/69492668\" title=\"Submission 69492668 by mohaned2014\">69492668</a> </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-575555 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a 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Last Chance"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Last Chance</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Having read half of the book called \"Storm and Calm\" on the IT lesson, Innocentius was absolutely determined to finish the book on the maths lessons. All was fine until the math teacher Ms. Watkins saw Innocentius reading fiction books instead of solving equations of the fifth degree. As during the last maths class Innocentius suggested the algorithm of solving equations of the fifth degree in the general case, Ms. Watkins had no other choice but to give him a new task.</p><p>The teacher asked to write consecutively (without spaces) all words from the \"Storm and Calm\" in one long string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>. She thought that a string is good if the number of vowels in the string is no more than twice more than the number of consonants. That is, the string with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i></span> vowels and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> consonants is good if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i> ≤ 2<i>c</i></span>.</p><p>The task Innocentius had to solve turned out to be rather simple: he should find the number of the longest good substrings of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only input line contains a non-empty string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> consisting of no more than <span class=\"tex-span\">2·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span> uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. We shall regard letters \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">i</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">u</span>\" and their uppercase variants as vowels.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print on a single line two numbers without a space: the maximum length of a good substring and the number of good substrings with this length. If no good substring exists, print \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">No solution</span>\" without the quotes.</p><p>Two substrings are considered different if their positions of occurrence are different. So if some string occurs more than once, then it should be counted more than once.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Abo<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>OEIS<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>auBAAbeelii<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9 3<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>AaaBRAaaCAaaDAaaBRAaa<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>18 4<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>EA<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>No solution<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample there is only one longest good substring: \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Abo</span>\" itself. The other good substrings are \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">b</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Ab</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">bo</span>\", but these substrings have shorter length.</p><p>In the second sample there is only one longest good substring: \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">EIS</span>\". The other good substrings are: \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">S</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">IS</span>\".</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"da53bcb11cbd3311febc75af08c1a54f\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"62788e56918c58aef634ad641b30a12f5c598ac5\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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(!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"E\" data-uuid=\"ps_e5a70504424692258f75d1fb39707702c6632204\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Last Chance</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Having read half of the book called "Storm and Calm" on the IT lesson, Innocentius was absolutely determined to finish the book on the maths lessons. All was fine until the math teacher Ms. Watkins saw Innocentius reading fiction books instead of solving equations of the fifth degree. As during the last maths class Innocentius suggested the algorithm of solving equations of the fifth degree in the general case, Ms. Watkins had no other choice but to give him a new task.</p><p>The teacher asked to write consecutively (without spaces) all words from the "Storm and Calm" in one long string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>. She thought that a string is good if the number of vowels in the string is no more than twice more than the number of consonants. That is, the string with <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i></span> vowels and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> consonants is good if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>v</i> ≤ 2<i>c</i></span>.</p><p>The task Innocentius had to solve turned out to be rather simple: he should find the number of the longest good substrings of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The only input line contains a non-empty string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> consisting of no more than <span class=\"tex-span\">2·10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span> uppercase and lowercase Latin letters. We shall regard letters "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">i</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">u</span>" and their uppercase variants as vowels.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print on a single line two numbers without a space: the maximum length of a good substring and the number of good substrings with this length. If no good substring exists, print "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">No solution</span>" without the quotes.</p><p>Two substrings are considered different if their positions of occurrence are different. So if some string occurs more than once, then it should be counted more than once.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>Abo<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>OEIS<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>3 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>auBAAbeelii<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>9 3<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>AaaBRAaaCAaaDAaaBRAaa<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>18 4<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>EA<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>No solution<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first sample there is only one longest good substring: "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Abo</span>" itself. The other good substrings are "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">b</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">Ab</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">bo</span>", but these substrings have shorter length.</p><p>In the second sample there is only one longest good substring: "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">EIS</span>". 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:35</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='f4b29995117d5537e0f86bd45a20f6ea'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/shivam565\" title=\"Specialist shivam565\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">shivam565</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/108348\">Total number of subarrays with sum atmost k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/recent-actions\">Detailed →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n</div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/profile/Edvard\">Edvard</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Edvard\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Edvard\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Edvard\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Edvard\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Edvard\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Edvard\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Edvard\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Edvard's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3332\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318\"> Codeforces Beta Round #98 (Div. 2): Editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\" title=\"Candidate Master Edvard\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Edvard</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/A\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">A. Postcards and photos</a></p> <p>We will move from the left of string to the right. When we passed the whole string, or in the hands of us have 5 pieces, or current object is different from what we hold in our hands, we remove all the items in the pantry. The answer to the problem is the number of visits to the pantry.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/B\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">B. Permutation</a></p> <p>We can count the number of integers from 1 to n, which occur in sequence at least once. Then the answer is n minus that number.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/C\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">C. History</a></p> <p>Denote a[i], b[i] - ends of the i-th event. Let's sort pairs (a[i], b[i]) by a[i] and iterate over all pairs. Denote rg the maximal b[i] from already processed. If current b[i] < rg than we must increment answer by one. If b[i] > rg than we must assign rg by b[i].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/D\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">D. Palindromes</a></p> <p>Let's preprocess array cnt[i][j] - the minimal number of changes tha we must do to make substring from position i to j palindrom. We can easy calc cnt[i][j] with complexity O(n^3). Now we can calculate dynamic programming z[i][j] - minimal number of changes that we can do to split prefix of length i into j palindromes. In begining we must assign z[i][j] = infinity for all (i, j) and assign z[0][0] = 0. If we want to make updates from state (i, j) we must fix the length of j-th palindrom - len. We can update z[i + len][j + 1] by value z[i][j] + cnt[i][i + len - 1]. Answer to the problem is the min(z[n][i]), where n is the length of string and i from range [1, k].</p> <p>The complexity is O(n^3).</p> <p><a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/problem/E\" style=\"font-size: 1.4em;\">E. Last Chance</a></p> <p>Let's replace all vowels by -1 and all consonants by +2. Obviously substring from position i to j is good if sum in the substring [i, j] is nonnegative. Denote this sum by sum[i][j]. Obviously sum[i][j] = p[j + 1] - p[i], where p[i] is the sum of first i elements. Now for all i we want to find maximal j such that j >= i and sum[i][j] >= 0. For this let's sort the array of (p[i], i) and build segment tree on this array by i. Let's iterate over all p[i] in nondescending order. Obsiously for fixed i we have that j = max(index[i]), where index[i] is the index of i-th partial sum in nondescending order and i from range [x, n], where x is the position of the first partial sum with value p[i] in sorted array. Than we must update position i by value of negative infinity and update answer by j - i.</p> <p>The complexity is O(n logn).</p></div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/137\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 98 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-146-3332\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"146\",\n blogEntryId: \"3318\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 11px;\">\r\n <img style=\"vertical-align: middle;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/tags.png\" title=\"Tags\" alt=\"Tags\"/>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=codeforces+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">codeforces #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%23beta+round+98\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#beta round 98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">#98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=cfbr+%2398\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">cfbr #98</a>,\r\n </span>\r\n <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">\r\n <a href=\"/search?query=editorial\" class=\"tag notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">editorial</a>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+23</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3332\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Edvard\">\n Edvard\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/16/2011 17:19\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3318#comments\">\n 15\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3342\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (11)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68203\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/paladin\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/34140/avatar/71004f0d10a397f4.jpg'/><img title='Badge of honor for supporting Codeforces on its 10th anniversary' src='//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/if_medal-bronze-blue_46108.png' style='position:absolute;bottom:-4px;right:-6px'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/paladin\" title=\"Candidate Master paladin\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">paladin</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 03:58\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68203\" href=\"?#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68203\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"8\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"34140\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+8</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68203\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">In E, you can easily do O(n) without interval tree. Let s[k] = max{p[i] : i=k, k+1, ..., n}. The values of s[k] are non-increasing and can be computed in linear time. For every i, you want to find maximal j >= i such that p[j] >= p[i] - in other words, the last j such that s[j] >= p[i]. You can either binsearch it (an easier n log n solution), or observe that when you find a good interval (i<sub>0</sub>,j<sub>0</sub>) and want to find a better one (i<font size=\"2\"><sub>1</sub></font>,j<sub>1</sub>) with i<sub>1 </sub>> i<sub>0</sub>, there must be p[i<sub>1</sub>] < p[i<sub>0</sub>] and j<sub>1 </sub>> j<sub>0</sub>. Therefore, you increase the value of i until you find smaller value of p[i], and then increase j until s[j+1] < p[i]. As the indices i, j only move right, the complexity is linear.</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68203 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68203\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"116340\" commentParentId=\"68203\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Poseidon\" title=\"Expert Poseidon\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Poseidon</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/27/2012 04:50\">11 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-116340\" href=\"?#comment-116340\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68203\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"116340\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"56550\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-116340\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>That is very cool. Is computing the <code>s[]</code> array a common trick? Thanks!</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-116340 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-116340\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68205\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/antonio081014\" title=\"Newbie antonio081014\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">antonio081014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:45\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68205\" href=\"?#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68205\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"3\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"904\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+3</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68205\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Could anybody have a quick look at my solution?<div>I tried to figure it out why I could not pass Test Case 15. However, hours passed without any good results.</div><div>Link: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/960486\">code</a>.</div><div><br /></div><div>Thanks so much.</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68205 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68205\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68207\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/339/avatar/cd6a400df66560b2.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Jokser\" title=\"Master Jokser\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Jokser</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 04:52\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68207\" href=\"?#comment-68207\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68207\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"6\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"339\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:green;font-weight:bold;\">+6</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68207\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Maybe mistake in compareTo ?<br />Add this in method:<br />if (this.start > arg0.start)<br /> return 1;</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68207 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68207\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68212\" commentParentId=\"68205\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/30365/avatar/45606fb7dc63c6b4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/cdschenshuai\" title=\"Expert cdschenshuai\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">cdschenshuai</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 09:41\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68212\" href=\"?#comment-68212\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68205\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68212\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"30365\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68212\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">I made the same mistake in my C++ code when implement my own comparison function %>_<%</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68212 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68212\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68245\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/gravity\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/13596/avatar/980d1c5ec3e361d0.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/gravity\" title=\"Newbie gravity\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">gravity</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/17/2011 18:14\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68245\" href=\"?#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68245\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13596\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68245\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">Can someone please explain problem D Div 2 ? What are we supposed to do ? <div> Thank you ver much .</div></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68245 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68245\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"68902\" commentParentId=\"68245\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Meirambek\" title=\"Expert Meirambek\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Meirambek</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/22/2011 07:01\">12 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-68902\" href=\"?#comment-68902\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-68245\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"68902\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"13943\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-68902\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\">прикольно, O(nlog2n), решил</div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-68902 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-68902\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"246117\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/14/2015 17:56\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-246117\" href=\"?#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"246117\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-246117\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>I am Trying To solve Problem E Last Chance I am using Binary Search on length to find maximum Length which satisfy the criteria. But WA in Case 39</p><p>My code: <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/12531798\">Code</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-246117 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-246117\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"247273\" commentParentId=\"246117\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/86049/avatar/c698ee674460e7eb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Zzyzx\" title=\"Expert Zzyzx\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">Zzyzx</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Aug/22/2015 16:18\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-247273\" href=\"?#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-246117\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n <span style=\"\" commentId=\"247273\" revisionCount=\"2\" revision=\"2\">\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"leftRevision\">←</a>\r\n Rev. <span class=\"revision\">2</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration:none;font-size:1.4rem;visibility:hidden;color:#bebebe;\" class=\"rightRevision\">→</a>\r\n </span>\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"247273\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"86049\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-247273\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>Binary search on length is just wrong.</p><p>Here's a case where your code fails.</p><p>Test: "baaab"</p><p>Your code's output: "3 2"</p><p>Correct answer should be: "5 1"</p><p>Why the binary search property does not hold should be evident from this example. Basically, if you can form a good substring of length X, there's no guarantee that you can form good substrings of length < X.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-247273 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-247273\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"251847\" commentParentId=\"247273\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/119068/avatar/b21de60d78ee9d4.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/Matrix.code\" title=\"Candidate Master Matrix.code\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">Matrix.code</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Sep/21/2015 08:27\">8 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-251847\" href=\"?#comment-251847\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-247273\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"251847\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"119068\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-251847\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>THANKS , I UNDERSTOOD. MY NEW CODE GETS WRONG IN 53 TEST. <a href=\"//codeforces.com/contest/137/submission/13121992\">CODE</a></p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-251847 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-251847\">\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"575555\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/622688/avatar/56c9d77902a8c3cb.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/mohaned2014\" title=\"Expert mohaned2014\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">mohaned2014</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/25/2020 03:23\">4 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-575555\" href=\"?#comment-575555\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"575555\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"622688\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-575555\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>problem E can be solved using a single map <a href=\"/contest/137/submission/69492668\" title=\"Submission 69492668 by mohaned2014\">69492668</a> </p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-575555 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a 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Literature Lesson"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Literature Lesson</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Vera adores poems. All the poems Vera knows are divided into quatrains (groups of four lines) and in each quatrain some lines contain rhymes.</p><p>Let's consider that all lines in the poems consist of lowercase Latin letters (without spaces). Letters \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">i</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">u</span>\" are considered vowels.</p><p>Two lines rhyme if their suffixes that start from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th vowels (counting from the end) match. If a line has less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> vowels, then such line can't rhyme with any other line. For example, if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 1</span>, lines <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commit</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>hermit</i></span> rhyme (the corresponding suffixes equal <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>it</i></span>), and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 2</span>, they do not rhyme (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>ommit</i> ≠ <i>ermit</i></span>).</p><p>Today on a literature lesson Vera learned that quatrains can contain four different schemes of rhymes, namely the following ones (the same letters stand for rhyming lines): </p><ul> <li> Clerihew (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aabb</i></span>); </li><li> Alternating (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abab</i></span>); </li><li> Enclosed (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abba</i></span>). </li></ul><p>If all lines of a quatrain pairwise rhyme, then the quatrain can belong to any rhyme scheme (this situation is represented by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>).</p><p>If all quatrains of a poem belong to the same rhyme scheme, then we can assume that the whole poem belongs to this rhyme scheme. If in each quatrain all lines pairwise rhyme, then the rhyme scheme of the poem is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>. Let us note that it doesn't matter whether lines from different quatrains rhyme with each other or not. In other words, it is possible that different quatrains aren't connected by a rhyme.</p><p>Vera got a long poem as a home task. The girl has to analyse it and find the poem rhyme scheme. Help Vera cope with the task.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 2500</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 5</span>) — the number of quatrains in the poem and the vowel's number, correspondingly. Next <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>n</i></span> lines contain the poem. Each line is not empty and only consists of small Latin letters. The total length of the lines does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>.</p><p>If we assume that the lines are numbered starting from 1, then the first quatrain contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">3</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">4</span>; the second one contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">5</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">6</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">7</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span>; and so on.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the rhyme scheme of the poem as \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aabb</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abab</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abba</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aaaa</span>\"; or \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>\" if the poem does not belong to any of the above mentioned schemes.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br/>day<br/>may<br/>sun<br/>fun<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br/>day<br/>may<br/>gray<br/>way<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aaaa<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>e<br/>e<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br/>day<br/>may<br/>sun<br/>fun<br/>test<br/>hill<br/>fest<br/>thrill<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the last sample both quatrains have rhymes but finding the common scheme is impossible, so the answer is \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>\".</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"941e9a65f799463c74dfa74d266e7802\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"e693acb6d7d30f0dcdf31d783e2e0f4570991ba8\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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\"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_c05682eecc072f3f88a992e5927e61aaaa8cc54e\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Literature Lesson</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Vera adores poems. All the poems Vera knows are divided into quatrains (groups of four lines) and in each quatrain some lines contain rhymes.</p><p>Let's consider that all lines in the poems consist of lowercase Latin letters (without spaces). Letters "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">i</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">u</span>" are considered vowels.</p><p>Two lines rhyme if their suffixes that start from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th vowels (counting from the end) match. If a line has less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> vowels, then such line can't rhyme with any other line. For example, if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 1</span>, lines <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commit</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>hermit</i></span> rhyme (the corresponding suffixes equal <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>it</i></span>), and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 2</span>, they do not rhyme (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>ommit</i> ≠ <i>ermit</i></span>).</p><p>Today on a literature lesson Vera learned that quatrains can contain four different schemes of rhymes, namely the following ones (the same letters stand for rhyming lines): </p><ul> <li> Clerihew (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aabb</i></span>); </li><li> Alternating (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abab</i></span>); </li><li> Enclosed (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abba</i></span>). </li></ul><p>If all lines of a quatrain pairwise rhyme, then the quatrain can belong to any rhyme scheme (this situation is represented by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>).</p><p>If all quatrains of a poem belong to the same rhyme scheme, then we can assume that the whole poem belongs to this rhyme scheme. If in each quatrain all lines pairwise rhyme, then the rhyme scheme of the poem is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>. Let us note that it doesn't matter whether lines from different quatrains rhyme with each other or not. In other words, it is possible that different quatrains aren't connected by a rhyme.</p><p>Vera got a long poem as a home task. The girl has to analyse it and find the poem rhyme scheme. Help Vera cope with the task.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 2500</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 5</span>) — the number of quatrains in the poem and the vowel's number, correspondingly. Next <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>n</i></span> lines contain the poem. Each line is not empty and only consists of small Latin letters. The total length of the lines does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>.</p><p>If we assume that the lines are numbered starting from 1, then the first quatrain contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">3</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">4</span>; the second one contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">5</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">6</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">7</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span>; and so on.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the rhyme scheme of the poem as "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aabb</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abab</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abba</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aaaa</span>"; or "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>" if the poem does not belong to any of the above mentioned schemes.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br />day<br />may<br />sun<br />fun<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br />day<br />may<br />gray<br />way<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aaaa<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />e<br />e<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br />day<br />may<br />sun<br />fun<br />test<br />hill<br />fest<br />thrill<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the last sample both quatrains have rhymes but finding the common scheme is impossible, so the answer is "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>".</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:33</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New 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title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Digits Permutations"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Digits Permutations</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Andrey's favourite number is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. Andrey's friends gave him two identical numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> as a New Year present. He hung them on a wall and watched them adoringly.</p><p>Then Andrey got bored from looking at the same number and he started to swap digits first in one, then in the other number, then again in the first number and so on (arbitrary number of changes could be made in each number). At some point it turned out that if we sum the resulting numbers, then the number of zeroes with which the sum will end would be maximum among the possible variants of digit permutations in those numbers.</p><p>Given number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, can you find the two digit permutations that have this property?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> — the original number. The number of digits in this number does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>. The number is written without any leading zeroes.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print two permutations of digits of number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, such that the sum of these numbers ends with the maximum number of zeroes. The permutations can have leading zeroes (if they are present, they all should be printed). The permutations do not have to be different. If there are several answers, print any of them.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>198<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>981<br/>819<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>500<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>500<br/>500<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"8d5bf449bb0e6c7334dd7f7d28d2f96c\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"e693acb6d7d30f0dcdf31d783e2e0f4570991ba8\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8d5bf449bb0e6c7334dd7f7d28d2f96c'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/138/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Greedy algorithms\">\r\n greedy\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1900\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8d5bf449bb0e6c7334dd7f7d28d2f96c'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"733\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8d5bf449bb0e6c7334dd7f7d28d2f96c'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"733\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3457\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #99\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"3589:3590\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"1024:1025\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/138/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n display: none;\r\n overflow: auto;\r\n }\r\n\r\n 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const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"B\" data-uuid=\"ps_ff55ad85a972cdcc7fd8952c6710ac87e6eb3e63\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Digits Permutations</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Andrey's favourite number is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. Andrey's friends gave him two identical numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> as a New Year present. He hung them on a wall and watched them adoringly.</p><p>Then Andrey got bored from looking at the same number and he started to swap digits first in one, then in the other number, then again in the first number and so on (arbitrary number of changes could be made in each number). At some point it turned out that if we sum the resulting numbers, then the number of zeroes with which the sum will end would be maximum among the possible variants of digit permutations in those numbers.</p><p>Given number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, can you find the two digit permutations that have this property?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> — the original number. The number of digits in this number does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>. The number is written without any leading zeroes.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print two permutations of digits of number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, such that the sum of these numbers ends with the maximum number of zeroes. The permutations can have leading zeroes (if they are present, they all should be printed). The permutations do not have to be different. If there are several answers, print any of them.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>198<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>981<br />819<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>500<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>500<br />500<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=B]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Mushroom Gnomes - 2"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Mushroom Gnomes - 2</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One day Natalia was walking in the woods when she met a little mushroom gnome. The gnome told her the following story:</p><p>Everybody knows that the mushroom gnomes' power lies in the magic mushrooms that grow in the native woods of the gnomes. There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> trees and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> magic mushrooms in the woods: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree grows at a point on a straight line with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and has the height of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom grows at the point with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and has magical powers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>.</p><p>But one day wild mushroommunchers, the sworn enemies of mushroom gnomes unleashed a terrible storm on their home forest. As a result, some of the trees began to fall and crush the magic mushrooms. The supreme oracle of mushroom gnomes calculated in advance the probability for each tree that it will fall to the left, to the right or will stand on. If the tree with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> and height <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i></span> falls to the left, then all the mushrooms that belong to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>x</i> - <i>h</i>, <i>x</i>)</span>, are destroyed. If a tree falls to the right, then the mushrooms that belong to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>x</i>, <i>x</i> + <i>h</i>]</span> are destroyed. Only those mushrooms that are not hit by a single tree survive.</p><p>Knowing that all the trees fall independently of each other (i.e., all the events are mutually independent, and besides, the trees do not interfere with other trees falling in an arbitrary direction), the supreme oracle was also able to quickly calculate what would be the expectation of the total power of the mushrooms which survived after the storm. His calculations ultimately saved the mushroom gnomes from imminent death.</p><p>Natalia, as a good Olympiad programmer, got interested in this story, and she decided to come up with a way to quickly calculate the expectation of the sum of the surviving mushrooms' power.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>) — the number of trees and mushrooms, respectively.</p><p>Each of the next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain four integers — <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 100</span>) which represent the coordinate of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree, its height, the percentage of the probabilities that the tree falls to the left and to the right, respectively (the remaining percentage is the probability that the tree will stand on).</p><p>Each of next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup></span>) which represent the coordinate and the magical power of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom, respectively.</p><p>An arbitrary number of trees and mushrooms can grow in one point.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a real number — the expectation of the total magical power of the surviving mushrooms. The result is accepted with relative or absolute accuracy <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 4</sup></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br/>2 2 50 50<br/>1 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.5000000000<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br/>2 2 50 50<br/>4 2 50 50<br/>3 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.2500000000<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>It is believed that the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>)</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> ≤ <i>x</i> < <i>r</i></span>. Similarly, the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>]</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> < <i>x</i> ≤ <i>r</i></span>.</p><p>In the first test the mushroom survives with the probability of 50%, depending on where the single tree falls.</p><p>In the second test the mushroom survives only if neither of the two trees falls on it. It occurs with the probability of 50% <span class=\"tex-span\"> × </span> 50% = 25%.</p><p>Pretest №12 is the large test with <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span> trees and one mushroom.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"1e86edd15434220a30171a6250c1d254\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"e693acb6d7d30f0dcdf31d783e2e0f4570991ba8\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Sortings, orderings\">\r\n sortings\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *2200\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='1e86edd15434220a30171a6250c1d254'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"734\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" 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(result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_2b77194bd490aebef3bc73ae4b8f7b29d54aadff\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Mushroom Gnomes - 2</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One day Natalia was walking in the woods when she met a little mushroom gnome. The gnome told her the following story:</p><p>Everybody knows that the mushroom gnomes' power lies in the magic mushrooms that grow in the native woods of the gnomes. There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> trees and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> magic mushrooms in the woods: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree grows at a point on a straight line with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and has the height of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom grows at the point with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and has magical powers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>.</p><p>But one day wild mushroommunchers, the sworn enemies of mushroom gnomes unleashed a terrible storm on their home forest. As a result, some of the trees began to fall and crush the magic mushrooms. The supreme oracle of mushroom gnomes calculated in advance the probability for each tree that it will fall to the left, to the right or will stand on. If the tree with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> and height <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i></span> falls to the left, then all the mushrooms that belong to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>x</i> - <i>h</i>, <i>x</i>)</span>, are destroyed. If a tree falls to the right, then the mushrooms that belong to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>x</i>, <i>x</i> + <i>h</i>]</span> are destroyed. Only those mushrooms that are not hit by a single tree survive.</p><p>Knowing that all the trees fall independently of each other (i.e., all the events are mutually independent, and besides, the trees do not interfere with other trees falling in an arbitrary direction), the supreme oracle was also able to quickly calculate what would be the expectation of the total power of the mushrooms which survived after the storm. His calculations ultimately saved the mushroom gnomes from imminent death.</p><p>Natalia, as a good Olympiad programmer, got interested in this story, and she decided to come up with a way to quickly calculate the expectation of the sum of the surviving mushrooms' power.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>) — the number of trees and mushrooms, respectively.</p><p>Each of the next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain four integers — <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 100</span>) which represent the coordinate of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree, its height, the percentage of the probabilities that the tree falls to the left and to the right, respectively (the remaining percentage is the probability that the tree will stand on).</p><p>Each of next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup></span>) which represent the coordinate and the magical power of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom, respectively.</p><p>An arbitrary number of trees and mushrooms can grow in one point.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a real number — the expectation of the total magical power of the surviving mushrooms. The result is accepted with relative or absolute accuracy <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 4</sup></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br />2 2 50 50<br />1 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.5000000000<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br />2 2 50 50<br />4 2 50 50<br />3 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.2500000000<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>It is believed that the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>)</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> ≤ <i>x</i> < <i>r</i></span>. Similarly, the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>]</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> < <i>x</i> ≤ <i>r</i></span>.</p><p>In the first test the mushroom survives with the probability of 50%, depending on where the single tree falls.</p><p>In the second test the mushroom survives only if neither of the two trees falls on it. 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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World of Darkraft"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. World of Darkraft</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Recently Roma has become the happy owner of a new game World of Darkraft. This game combines elements of virtually all known genres, and on one of the later stages of the game Roma faced difficulties solving a puzzle.</p><p>In this part Roma fights with a cunning enemy magician. The battle takes place on a rectangular field plaid <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> × <i>m</i></span>. Each cell contains one magical character: <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">L</span>, <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">R</span> or <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">X</span>. Initially all the squares of the field are \"active\".</p><p>The players, Roma and enemy magician, take turns. Roma makes the first move. During a move a player selects one of the active cells. Then depending on the image in the character in the cell one of the following actions takes place: </p><ul> <li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">L</span> — magical waves radiate from the cell to the left downwards and to the right upwards along diagonal paths. All cells on the path of the waves (including the selected cell too) become inactive. The waves continue until the next inactive cell or to the edge of the field if there are no inactive cells on the way. </li><li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">R</span> — the magical waves radiate to the left upwards and to the right downwards. </li><li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">X</span> — the magical waves radiate in all four diagonal directions. </li></ul><p>If the next player cannot make a move (i.e., all cells are inactive), he loses.</p><p>Roma has been trying to defeat the computer opponent for three days but he just keeps losing. He asks you to help him and determine whether it is guaranteed that he can beat the opponent, or he will have to hack the game.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two space-separated integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 20</span>).</p><p>Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters describing the playing field: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th character of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th line equals to the magical character of the corresponding field square.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>On the first line print \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">WIN</span>\" if Roma can win or \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">LOSE</span>\" if it is impossible to win considering that the opponent pays optimally.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 2<br/>RL<br/>LR<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>LOSE<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 2<br/>RR<br/>RR<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>WIN<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first test each move makes one diagonal line of the square inactive, thus it is guaranteed that Roma loses after two moves.</p><p>There are three variants of making a move in the second test: to \"finish off\" the main diagonal line or any of the squares that are left. That means that after three moves the game stops and Roma wins.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"a26dbc9490b6cda502d25fe55ea0856b\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"e693acb6d7d30f0dcdf31d783e2e0f4570991ba8\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. World of Darkraft</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Recently Roma has become the happy owner of a new game World of Darkraft. This game combines elements of virtually all known genres, and on one of the later stages of the game Roma faced difficulties solving a puzzle.</p><p>In this part Roma fights with a cunning enemy magician. The battle takes place on a rectangular field plaid <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i> × <i>m</i></span>. Each cell contains one magical character: <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">L</span>, <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">R</span> or <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">X</span>. Initially all the squares of the field are "active".</p><p>The players, Roma and enemy magician, take turns. Roma makes the first move. During a move a player selects one of the active cells. Then depending on the image in the character in the cell one of the following actions takes place: </p><ul> <li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">L</span> — magical waves radiate from the cell to the left downwards and to the right upwards along diagonal paths. All cells on the path of the waves (including the selected cell too) become inactive. The waves continue until the next inactive cell or to the edge of the field if there are no inactive cells on the way. </li><li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">R</span> — the magical waves radiate to the left upwards and to the right downwards. </li><li> <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">X</span> — the magical waves radiate in all four diagonal directions. </li></ul><p>If the next player cannot make a move (i.e., all cells are inactive), he loses.</p><p>Roma has been trying to defeat the computer opponent for three days but he just keeps losing. He asks you to help him and determine whether it is guaranteed that he can beat the opponent, or he will have to hack the game.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two space-separated integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i>, <i>m</i> ≤ 20</span>).</p><p>Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> characters describing the playing field: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th character of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th line equals to the magical character of the corresponding field square.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>On the first line print "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">WIN</span>" if Roma can win or "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">LOSE</span>" if it is impossible to win considering that the opponent pays optimally.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 2<br />RL<br />LR<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>LOSE<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 2<br />RR<br />RR<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>WIN<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first test each move makes one diagonal line of the square inactive, thus it is guaranteed that Roma loses after two moves.</p><p>There are three variants of making a move in the second test: to "finish off" the main diagonal line or any of the squares that are left. 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;\">\r\n <span class='contest-state-phase'>Before contest</span><br/><a href=\"/contests/1876,1877\">Codeforces Round 902 (Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 - Final Round)</a><br/><span class='countdown' home='//codeforces.org/s/81027' noRedirection='true' textBeforeRedirect=''>13:55:33</span><br/><a href=\"/contestRegistration/1877\">Register now »</a><div class=\"smaller notice\">*has extra registration<i class=\"icon-question-sign clickable-title\" title=\"If you are late to register in 5 minutes before the start, you can register later during the extra registration. Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a 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style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div 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class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New 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title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Hellish Constraints"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Hellish Constraints</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>3 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Katya recently started to invent programming tasks and prepare her own contests. What she does not like is boring and simple constraints. Katya is fed up with all those \"<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>N</i></span> does not exceed a thousand\" and \"the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> does not exceed a million\" and she decided to come up with something a little more complicated.</p><p>The last problem written by Katya deals with strings. The input is a string of small Latin letters. To make the statement longer and strike terror into the people who will solve the contest, Katya came up with the following set of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> restrictions of the same type (characters in restrictions can be repeated and some restrictions may contradict each other): </p><ul> <li> The number of characters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> in a string is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span>. </li><li> ... </li><li> The number of characters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in a string is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>. </li><li> ... </li><li> The number of characters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></span> in a string is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></span>. </li></ul><p>However, having decided that it is too simple and obvious, Katya added the following condition: a string meets no less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>R</i></span> constraints from the above given list.</p><p>Katya does not like to compose difficult and mean tests, so she just took a big string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and wants to add to the tests all its substrings that meet the constraints. However, Katya got lost in her conditions and asked you to count the number of substrings of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> that meet the conditions (each occurrence of the substring is counted separately).</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a non-empty string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>, consisting of small Latin letters. The length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>.</p><p>The second line contains three space-separated integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>R</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>L</i> ≤ <i>R</i> ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 500</span>).</p><p>Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> lines contain Katya's constrictions in the following form \"<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>\". All letters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> are small Latin letters, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> are integers (<span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ |<i>s</i>|</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>s</i>|</span> is the length of string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>). Letters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> are not necessarily different.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the number of substrings that meet the constrictions.</p><p>Please do not use the <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">%lld</span> specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">cout</span> stream or the <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">%I64d</span> specificator.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>codeforces<br/>2 0 0<br/>o 1 2<br/>e 1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>7<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>codeforces<br/>2 1 1<br/>o 1 2<br/>o 1 2<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first test we should count the number of strings that do not contain characters \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>\" and \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>\". All such strings are as follows (in the order of occurrence in the initial string from the left to the right): \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">c</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">d</span>\"', \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">f</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">r</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">rc</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">c</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">s</span>\".</p><p>In the second test we cannot achieve fulfilling exactly one of the two identical constrictions, so the answer is 0.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"67585124ce07fb11511b0ac69dceff93\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"e693acb6d7d30f0dcdf31d783e2e0f4570991ba8\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"E\" data-uuid=\"ps_d7c49a4202ee1ba58b7aea4b2a3d190cfdf1e02c\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Hellish Constraints</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>3 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Katya recently started to invent programming tasks and prepare her own contests. What she does not like is boring and simple constraints. Katya is fed up with all those "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>N</i></span> does not exceed a thousand" and "the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> does not exceed a million" and she decided to come up with something a little more complicated.</p><p>The last problem written by Katya deals with strings. The input is a string of small Latin letters. To make the statement longer and strike terror into the people who will solve the contest, Katya came up with the following set of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> restrictions of the same type (characters in restrictions can be repeated and some restrictions may contradict each other): </p><ul> <li> The number of characters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> in a string is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">1</sub></span>. </li><li> ... </li><li> The number of characters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> in a string is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>. </li><li> ... </li><li> The number of characters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></span> in a string is not less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>k</i></sub></span>. </li></ul><p>However, having decided that it is too simple and obvious, Katya added the following condition: a string meets no less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> and not more than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>R</i></span> constraints from the above given list.</p><p>Katya does not like to compose difficult and mean tests, so she just took a big string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and wants to add to the tests all its substrings that meet the constraints. However, Katya got lost in her conditions and asked you to count the number of substrings of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> that meet the conditions (each occurrence of the substring is counted separately).</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a non-empty string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>, consisting of small Latin letters. The length of the string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>.</p><p>The second line contains three space-separated integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>R</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>L</i> ≤ <i>R</i> ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 500</span>).</p><p>Next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> lines contain Katya's constrictions in the following form "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>". All letters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> are small Latin letters, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> are integers (<span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ |<i>s</i>|</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>s</i>|</span> is the length of string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>). Letters <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> are not necessarily different.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the number of substrings that meet the constrictions.</p><p>Please do not use the <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">%lld</span> specificator to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">cout</span> stream or the <span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">%I64d</span> specificator.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>codeforces<br />2 0 0<br />o 1 2<br />e 1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>7<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>codeforces<br />2 1 1<br />o 1 2<br />o 1 2<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the first test we should count the number of strings that do not contain characters "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>" and "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>". All such strings are as follows (in the order of occurrence in the initial string from the left to the right): "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">c</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">d</span>"', "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">f</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">r</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">rc</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">c</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">s</span>".</p><p>In the second test we cannot achieve fulfilling exactly one of the two identical constrictions, so the answer is 0.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=E]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/yeon_gist\" title=\"Newbie yeon_gist\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">yeon_gist</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121170\">plusMinusPermutation computing error</a>\r\n <img alt=\"Text created or updated\" title=\"Text created or updated\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/x-update-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/altforminuscontribution\" title=\"Newbie altforminuscontribution\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">altforminuscontribution</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121162\">My screen get unexpectedly big, what should I do</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/atcoder_official\" title=\"Unrated, atcoder_official\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">atcoder_official</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121120\">We will hold UNIQUE VISION Programming Contest 2023 Autumn(AtCoder Beginner Contest 323)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" title=\"Candidate Master YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">YouStill_DontKnowMeYet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/117659\">[GYM] Al-Baath Collegiate Programming Contest 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/ankancool\" title=\"Expert ankancool\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Petr and Book"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Petr and Book</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One Sunday Petr went to a bookshop and bought a new book on sports programming. The book had exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> pages.</p><p>Petr decided to start reading it starting from the next day, that is, from Monday. Petr's got a very tight schedule and for each day of the week he knows how many pages he will be able to read on that day. Some days are so busy that Petr will have no time to read whatsoever. However, we know that he will be able to read at least one page a week.</p><p>Assuming that Petr will not skip days and will read as much as he can every day, determine on which day of the week he will read the last page of the book.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first input line contains the single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 1000</span>) — the number of pages in the book.</p><p>The second line contains seven non-negative space-separated integers that do not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">1000</span> — those integers represent how many pages Petr can read on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday correspondingly. It is guaranteed that at least one of those numbers is larger than zero.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the number of the day of the week, when Petr will finish reading the book. The days of the week are numbered starting with one in the natural order: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>100<br/>15 20 20 15 10 30 45<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2<br/>1 0 0 0 0 0 0<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Note to the first sample:</p><p>By the end of Monday and therefore, by the beginning of Tuesday Petr has 85 pages left. He has 65 pages left by Wednesday, 45 by Thursday, 30 by Friday, 20 by Saturday and on Saturday Petr finishes reading the book (and he also has time to read 10 pages of something else).</p><p>Note to the second sample:</p><p>On Monday of the first week Petr will read the first page. On Monday of the second week Petr will read the second page and will finish reading the book.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"91ac0615a672139f5a2db33abd7d15c5\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - A - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"505f5b301e2b247a17949dc4ae1f4d02250c67ae\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - A - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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\"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"A\" data-uuid=\"ps_ee3557322957f70d76951f6c66f6984848ccefd9\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">A. Petr and Book</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One Sunday Petr went to a bookshop and bought a new book on sports programming. The book had exactly <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> pages.</p><p>Petr decided to start reading it starting from the next day, that is, from Monday. Petr's got a very tight schedule and for each day of the week he knows how many pages he will be able to read on that day. Some days are so busy that Petr will have no time to read whatsoever. However, we know that he will be able to read at least one page a week.</p><p>Assuming that Petr will not skip days and will read as much as he can every day, determine on which day of the week he will read the last page of the book.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first input line contains the single integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 1000</span>) — the number of pages in the book.</p><p>The second line contains seven non-negative space-separated integers that do not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">1000</span> — those integers represent how many pages Petr can read on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday correspondingly. It is guaranteed that at least one of those numbers is larger than zero.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the number of the day of the week, when Petr will finish reading the book. The days of the week are numbered starting with one in the natural order: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>100<br />15 20 20 15 10 30 45<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>6<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2<br />1 0 0 0 0 0 0<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>1<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Note to the first sample:</p><p>By the end of Monday and therefore, by the beginning of Tuesday Petr has 85 pages left. He has 65 pages left by Wednesday, 45 by Thursday, 30 by Friday, 20 by Saturday and on Saturday Petr finishes reading the book (and he also has time to read 10 pages of something else).</p><p>Note to the second sample:</p><p>On Monday of the first week Petr will read the first page. On Monday of the second week Petr will read the second page and will finish reading the book.</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=A]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: \"getDiff\", a: previousStatementText, b: statementText}, function (result) {\r\n if (result[\"success\"] === \"true\") {\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; 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left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Wallpaper"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Wallpaper</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Having bought his own apartment, Boris decided to paper the walls in every room. Boris's flat has <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> rooms, each of which has the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. For every room we known its length, width and height of the walls in meters (different rooms can have different dimensions, including height).</p><p>Boris chose <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> types of wallpaper to paper the walls of the rooms with (but it is not necessary to use all the types). Each type of wallpaper is sold in rolls of a fixed length and width (the length, naturally, shows how long the unfolded roll will be). In addition, for each type we know the price of one roll of this type.</p><p>The wallpaper of each type contains strips running along the length of the roll. When gluing the strips must be located strictly vertically (so the roll cannot be rotated, even if the length is less than the width). Besides, a roll can be cut in an arbitrary manner, but the joints of glued pieces should also be vertical. In addition, each room should be papered by only one type of wallpaper. And pieces of the same roll cannot be used to paper different rooms. That is, for each room the rolls are purchased separately. Also, some rolls can be used not completely.</p><p>After buying an apartment Boris is short of cash, so he wants to spend the minimum money on wallpaper. Help him.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 500</span>) — the number of rooms in Boris's apartment.</p><p>Each of the next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contains three space-separated positive integers — the length, width and height of the walls in a given room in meters, respectively.</p><p>The next line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 500</span>) — the number of available wallpaper types.</p><p>Each of the following <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contains three space-separated positive integers — the length and width in meters of a given wallpaper and the price of one roll, respectively.</p><p>All numbers in the input data do not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">500</span>. It is guaranteed that each room can be papered using these types of wallpaper.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the minimum total cost of the rolls.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br/>5 5 3<br/>3<br/>10 1 100<br/>15 2 320<br/>3 19 500<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>640<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Note to the sample:</p><p>The total length of the walls (the perimeter) of the room is 20 m.</p><p>One roll of the first type can be cut into pieces to get three vertical 1 meter wide strips, ergo you need 7 rolls of this type, the price equals 700.</p><p>A roll of the second type can be cut into pieces to get five 2 meter wide strips, we need 2 rolls, the price is 640.</p><p>One roll of the third type can immediately paper 19 meters out of 20, but we cannot use other types and we have to buy a second roll, the price is 1000.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"591e357ffd71bb15cd300ee6c714c2f2\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - B - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"505f5b301e2b247a17949dc4ae1f4d02250c67ae\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - B - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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To adjust the time limit constraint, a solution execution time will be multiplied by 2. For example, if your solution works for 400 ms on judging servers, then the value 800 ms will be displayed and used to determine the verdict.\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:100%;\"><a style=\"color: black\" href=\"/contest/139\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a></th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\" colspan=\"1\"><span class=\"contest-state-phase\">Finished</span></td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Practice?\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Want to solve the contest problems after the official contest ends? Just register for practice and you will be able to submit solutions.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='591e357ffd71bb15cd300ee6c714c2f2'/>\r\n <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"action\" value=\"registerForPractice\"/>\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Register for practice\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div> \r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox ContestVirtualFrame borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Virtual participation <i class=\"sidebar-caption-icon las la-angle-down\"></i>\r\n\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n<div style=\" \"\r\n\r\n data-page-url=\"/data/sidebarFrames\"\r\n\r\n>\r\n <div style=\"margin:1em;font-size:0.8em;\">\r\n Virtual contest is a way to take part in past contest, as close as possible to participation on time. It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/139/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Mathematics including integration, differential equations, etc\">\r\n math\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1600\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n 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class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"929:930\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/customtest\">Custom 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data-uuid=\"ps_807349d54612bf032433f10ef5b11b6c60ee1fc5\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">B. Wallpaper</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Having bought his own apartment, Boris decided to paper the walls in every room. Boris's flat has <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> rooms, each of which has the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. For every room we known its length, width and height of the walls in meters (different rooms can have different dimensions, including height).</p><p>Boris chose <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> types of wallpaper to paper the walls of the rooms with (but it is not necessary to use all the types). Each type of wallpaper is sold in rolls of a fixed length and width (the length, naturally, shows how long the unfolded roll will be). In addition, for each type we know the price of one roll of this type.</p><p>The wallpaper of each type contains strips running along the length of the roll. When gluing the strips must be located strictly vertically (so the roll cannot be rotated, even if the length is less than the width). Besides, a roll can be cut in an arbitrary manner, but the joints of glued pieces should also be vertical. In addition, each room should be papered by only one type of wallpaper. And pieces of the same roll cannot be used to paper different rooms. That is, for each room the rolls are purchased separately. Also, some rolls can be used not completely.</p><p>After buying an apartment Boris is short of cash, so he wants to spend the minimum money on wallpaper. Help him.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 500</span>) — the number of rooms in Boris's apartment.</p><p>Each of the next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contains three space-separated positive integers — the length, width and height of the walls in a given room in meters, respectively.</p><p>The next line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 500</span>) — the number of available wallpaper types.</p><p>Each of the following <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contains three space-separated positive integers — the length and width in meters of a given wallpaper and the price of one roll, respectively.</p><p>All numbers in the input data do not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">500</span>. It is guaranteed that each room can be papered using these types of wallpaper.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a single number — the minimum total cost of the rolls.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1<br />5 5 3<br />3<br />10 1 100<br />15 2 320<br />3 19 500<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>640<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>Note to the sample:</p><p>The total length of the walls (the perimeter) of the room is 20 m.</p><p>One roll of the first type can be cut into pieces to get three vertical 1 meter wide strips, ergo you need 7 rolls of this type, the price equals 700.</p><p>A roll of the second type can be cut into pieces to get five 2 meter wide strips, we need 2 rolls, the price is 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class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Literature Lesson"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Literature Lesson</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Vera adores poems. All the poems Vera knows are divided into quatrains (groups of four lines) and in each quatrain some lines contain rhymes.</p><p>Let's consider that all lines in the poems consist of lowercase Latin letters (without spaces). Letters \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">i</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">u</span>\" are considered vowels.</p><p>Two lines rhyme if their suffixes that start from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th vowels (counting from the end) match. If a line has less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> vowels, then such line can't rhyme with any other line. For example, if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 1</span>, lines <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commit</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>hermit</i></span> rhyme (the corresponding suffixes equal <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>it</i></span>), and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 2</span>, they do not rhyme (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>ommit</i> ≠ <i>ermit</i></span>).</p><p>Today on a literature lesson Vera learned that quatrains can contain four different schemes of rhymes, namely the following ones (the same letters stand for rhyming lines): </p><ul> <li> Clerihew (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aabb</i></span>); </li><li> Alternating (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abab</i></span>); </li><li> Enclosed (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abba</i></span>). </li></ul><p>If all lines of a quatrain pairwise rhyme, then the quatrain can belong to any rhyme scheme (this situation is represented by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>).</p><p>If all quatrains of a poem belong to the same rhyme scheme, then we can assume that the whole poem belongs to this rhyme scheme. If in each quatrain all lines pairwise rhyme, then the rhyme scheme of the poem is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>. Let us note that it doesn't matter whether lines from different quatrains rhyme with each other or not. In other words, it is possible that different quatrains aren't connected by a rhyme.</p><p>Vera got a long poem as a home task. The girl has to analyse it and find the poem rhyme scheme. Help Vera cope with the task.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 2500</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 5</span>) — the number of quatrains in the poem and the vowel's number, correspondingly. Next <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>n</i></span> lines contain the poem. Each line is not empty and only consists of small Latin letters. The total length of the lines does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>.</p><p>If we assume that the lines are numbered starting from 1, then the first quatrain contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">3</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">4</span>; the second one contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">5</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">6</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">7</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span>; and so on.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the rhyme scheme of the poem as \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aabb</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abab</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abba</span>\", \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aaaa</span>\"; or \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>\" if the poem does not belong to any of the above mentioned schemes.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br/>day<br/>may<br/>sun<br/>fun<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br/>day<br/>may<br/>gray<br/>way<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aaaa<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>a<br/>e<br/>e<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br/>day<br/>may<br/>sun<br/>fun<br/>test<br/>hill<br/>fest<br/>thrill<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the last sample both quatrains have rhymes but finding the common scheme is impossible, so the answer is \"<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>\".</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"b4e2ed903cc557ef84f2774d09b7d9b5\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - C - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"505f5b301e2b247a17949dc4ae1f4d02250c67ae\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - C - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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result;\r\n }\r\n\r\n const isSpecial = function (c) {\r\n return c === ',' || c === '.' || c === ';' || c === ')' || c === ' ';\r\n }\r\n\r\n const convertStatementToText = function(statmentNode) {\r\n const text = nodeToText(statmentNode, false).join(\"\").replace(/ +/g, \" \").replace(/\\n\\n+/g, \"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"C\" data-uuid=\"ps_6ff68e0e4f1a4d1f2b0e89d3857abd4fe748e3f6\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">C. Literature Lesson</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>2 seconds</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Vera adores poems. All the poems Vera knows are divided into quatrains (groups of four lines) and in each quatrain some lines contain rhymes.</p><p>Let's consider that all lines in the poems consist of lowercase Latin letters (without spaces). Letters "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">a</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">e</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">i</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">o</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">u</span>" are considered vowels.</p><p>Two lines rhyme if their suffixes that start from the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span>-th vowels (counting from the end) match. If a line has less than <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> vowels, then such line can't rhyme with any other line. For example, if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 1</span>, lines <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>commit</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>hermit</i></span> rhyme (the corresponding suffixes equal <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>it</i></span>), and if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i> = 2</span>, they do not rhyme (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>ommit</i> ≠ <i>ermit</i></span>).</p><p>Today on a literature lesson Vera learned that quatrains can contain four different schemes of rhymes, namely the following ones (the same letters stand for rhyming lines): </p><ul> <li> Clerihew (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aabb</i></span>); </li><li> Alternating (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abab</i></span>); </li><li> Enclosed (<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>abba</i></span>). </li></ul><p>If all lines of a quatrain pairwise rhyme, then the quatrain can belong to any rhyme scheme (this situation is represented by <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>).</p><p>If all quatrains of a poem belong to the same rhyme scheme, then we can assume that the whole poem belongs to this rhyme scheme. If in each quatrain all lines pairwise rhyme, then the rhyme scheme of the poem is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>aaaa</i></span>. Let us note that it doesn't matter whether lines from different quatrains rhyme with each other or not. In other words, it is possible that different quatrains aren't connected by a rhyme.</p><p>Vera got a long poem as a home task. The girl has to analyse it and find the poem rhyme scheme. Help Vera cope with the task.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>k</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 2500</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>k</i> ≤ 5</span>) — the number of quatrains in the poem and the vowel's number, correspondingly. Next <span class=\"tex-span\">4<i>n</i></span> lines contain the poem. Each line is not empty and only consists of small Latin letters. The total length of the lines does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>.</p><p>If we assume that the lines are numbered starting from 1, then the first quatrain contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">1</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">2</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">3</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">4</span>; the second one contains lines number <span class=\"tex-span\">5</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">6</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">7</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">8</span>; and so on.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print the rhyme scheme of the poem as "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aabb</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abab</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">abba</span>", "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">aaaa</span>"; or "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>" if the poem does not belong to any of the above mentioned schemes.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br />day<br />may<br />sun<br />fun<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br />day<br />may<br />gray<br />way<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aaaa<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />a<br />e<br />e<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>aabb<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br />day<br />may<br />sun<br />fun<br />test<br />hill<br />fest<br />thrill<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>NO<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>In the last sample both quatrains have rhymes but finding the common scheme is impossible, so the answer is "<span class=\"tex-font-style-tt\">NO</span>".</p></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=C]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier-close\").click(function() {\r\n Codeforces.putToStorageTtl(uuid, statementText, 6 * 60 * 60);\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").hide();\r\n });\r\n\r\n $problem.find(\"a.view-changes\").click(function() {\r\n $.post(\"/data/diff\", {action: 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119880\">It's Happening! Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Schedule</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/DaviddeGea1\" title=\"Expert DaviddeGea1\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">DaviddeGea1</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70917\">Number of ways of dividing an array into 2 parts such that sum of each part is > k</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bekh\" title=\"Master Bekh\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">Bekh</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/74245\">Questions and doubts regarding Aliens DP trick</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/cgy4ever\" title=\"International Grandmaster cgy4ever\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">cgy4ever</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/8192\">Codeforces Round #190 — Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/hocky\" title=\"Candidate Master hocky\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">hocky</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/95323\">FBHC wuining uw Day? Incwease uw stacc size! (ㅅ´ ˘ `)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/liouzhou_101\" title=\"International Master liouzhou_101\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">liouzhou_101</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/87598\">Editorial of Codeforces Round #700</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/yeon_gist\" title=\"Newbie yeon_gist\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">yeon_gist</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121170\">plusMinusPermutation computing error</a>\r\n <img alt=\"Text created or updated\" title=\"Text created or updated\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/x-update-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/altforminuscontribution\" title=\"Newbie altforminuscontribution\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">altforminuscontribution</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121162\">My screen get unexpectedly big, what should I do</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/atcoder_official\" title=\"Unrated, atcoder_official\" class=\"rated-user user-black\">atcoder_official</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121120\">We will hold UNIQUE VISION Programming Contest 2023 Autumn(AtCoder Beginner Contest 323)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" title=\"Candidate Master YouStill_DontKnowMeYet\" class=\"rated-user user-violet\">YouStill_DontKnowMeYet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/117659\">[GYM] Al-Baath Collegiate Programming Contest 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/ankancool\" title=\"Expert ankancool\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">ankancool</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121136\">Invitation to AstroByte 2023</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/GeZhiyuan\" title=\"Grandmaster GeZhiyuan\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">GeZhiyuan</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120943\">Codeforces Round 901 (Div. 1, Div. 2) Editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/120772\">PSA: Increase your stack size before the Meta Hacker Cup, here's how</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/dino_merlin\" title=\"Expert dino_merlin\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">dino_merlin</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121145\">Intuitive approach for CEOI Kangaroo?</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/icecuber\" title=\"Grandmaster icecuber\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">icecuber</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/70018\">CSES DP section editorial</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Bn00b\" title=\"Newbie Bn00b\" class=\"rated-user user-gray\">Bn00b</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/98820\">[FEATURE REQUEST : ATCODER] TOPICS TAGS AND SORTING BY SOLVE COUNT</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n <img alt=\"Necropost\" title=\"Necropost\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/hourglass.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle; position: relative; top: 1px;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a> 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Digits Permutations"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Digits Permutations</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Andrey's favourite number is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. Andrey's friends gave him two identical numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> as a New Year present. He hung them on a wall and watched them adoringly.</p><p>Then Andrey got bored from looking at the same number and he started to swap digits first in one, then in the other number, then again in the first number and so on (arbitrary number of changes could be made in each number). At some point it turned out that if we sum the resulting numbers, then the number of zeroes with which the sum will end would be maximum among the possible variants of digit permutations in those numbers.</p><p>Given number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, can you find the two digit permutations that have this property?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> — the original number. The number of digits in this number does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>. The number is written without any leading zeroes.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print two permutations of digits of number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, such that the sum of these numbers ends with the maximum number of zeroes. The permutations can have leading zeroes (if they are present, they all should be printed). The permutations do not have to be different. If there are several answers, print any of them.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>198<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>981<br/>819<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>500<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>500<br/>500<br/></pre></div></div></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"7a5d1a4bd6de5469ec8d5abac278648f\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - D - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"505f5b301e2b247a17949dc4ae1f4d02250c67ae\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - D - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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It is supported only ICPC mode for virtual contests.\n\nIf you've seen these problems, a virtual contest is not for you - solve these problems in the archive.\n\nIf you just want to solve some problem from a contest, a virtual contest is not for you - solve this problem in the archive.\n\nNever use someone else's code, read the tutorials or communicate with other person during a virtual contest.\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div style=\"text-align:center;margin:1em;\">\r\n <form action=\"/contest/139/virtual\" method=\"get\">\r\n <input type=\"submit\" name=\"submit\" value=\"Start virtual contest\" style=\"padding:0 0.5em;\">\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n $(\".ContestVirtualFrame .sidebar-caption-icon\").click(function() {\r\n $(this).toggleClass(\"la-angle-down la-angle-right\");\r\n const $target = $(this).parent().next();\r\n $target.toggle();\r\n const dataPageUrl = $target.attr(\"data-page-url\");\r\n const collapsed = 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style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Implementation problems, programming technics, simulation\">\r\n implementation\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *1900\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='7a5d1a4bd6de5469ec8d5abac278648f'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"730\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='7a5d1a4bd6de5469ec8d5abac278648f'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"removeTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"730\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<script type=\"text/javascript\">\r\n $(\".tag-box img\").click(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).attr(\"value\");\r\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to remove this tag?\", function () {\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#removeTagForm\").submit();\r\n }, function () {\r\n }, \"Yes\", \"No\");\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").click(function () {\r\n $(this).hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").show();\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n\r\n $(\"#addTagSelect\").change(function () {\r\n var tagName = $(this).val();\r\n if (tagName === \"\") {\r\n $(\"#addTagLabel\").hide();\r\n $(\"#addTagLink\").show();\r\n } else {\r\n $(\"#addTagForm input[name=tagName]\").val(tagName);\r\n $(\"#addTagForm\").submit();\r\n }\r\n });\r\n</script>\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n#new-resource-form tr td {\r\npadding-top: 0.5em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form input:not([type=\"submit\"]) {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n#new-resource-form select {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.new-resource-error {\r\nfont-size: 0.8em;\r\n}\r\n.resource-locale {\r\ncolor: #666;\r\nfont-family: Consolas, \"Andale Mono WT\", \"Andale Mono\", \"Lucida Console\", \"Lucida Sans Typewriter\", \"DejaVu Sans Mono\", \"Bitstream Vera Sans Mono\", \"Liberation Mono\", \"Nimbus Mono L\", Monaco, \"Courier New\", Courier, monospace;\r\n}\r\n</style>\r\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox sidebar-menu borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Contest materials\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<ul>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3457\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #99\" target=\"_blank\">Announcement</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"345:346\" resourceName=\"Announcement\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n<li>\r\n<span>\r\n<a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\" target=\"_blank\">Tutorial</a>\r\n</span>\r\n<span style=\"float: right;\">\r\n<img class=\"delete-resource-link\" resourceIds=\"929:930\" resourceName=\"Tutorial\"\r\nresourceManual=\"true\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/icons/close-10x10.png\"\r\nstyle=\"position: relative;bottom: -1px;left: 1px;cursor: pointer;\"/>\r\n</span>\r\n<div style=\"clear: both;\"></div>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div></div>\n <div id=\"pageContent\" class=\"content-with-sidebar\">\n <div class=\"second-level-menu\">\r\n<ul class=\"second-level-menu-list\">\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139\">Problems</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/submit\">Submit Code</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/my\">My Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/status\">Status</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/hacks\">Hacks</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/room/1\">Room</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/standings\">Standings</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contest/139/customtest\">Custom Invocation</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n\r\n <style>\r\n #facebox .content:has(.diff-popup) {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 120rem !important;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .testCaseMarker {\r\n position: absolute;\r\n font-weight: bold;\r\n font-size: 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .diff-popup {\r\n width: 90vw;\r\n max-width: 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\"\\n\\n\");\r\n let result = [];\r\n for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {\r\n const c = text.charAt(i);\r\n if (c === OPENING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!((i > 0 && text.charAt(i - 1) === '(') || (result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"D\" data-uuid=\"ps_4610a78ea2af2a3fd1841b8048a0c7d4089145d5\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">D. Digits Permutations</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>Andrey's favourite number is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>. Andrey's friends gave him two identical numbers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> as a New Year present. He hung them on a wall and watched them adoringly.</p><p>Then Andrey got bored from looking at the same number and he started to swap digits first in one, then in the other number, then again in the first number and so on (arbitrary number of changes could be made in each number). At some point it turned out that if we sum the resulting numbers, then the number of zeroes with which the sum will end would be maximum among the possible variants of digit permutations in those numbers.</p><p>Given number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, can you find the two digit permutations that have this property?</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains a positive integer <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> — the original number. The number of digits in this number does not exceed <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>. The number is written without any leading zeroes.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print two permutations of digits of number <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span>, such that the sum of these numbers ends with the maximum number of zeroes. The permutations can have leading zeroes (if they are present, they all should be printed). The permutations do not have to be different. If there are several answers, print any of them.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>198<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>981<br />819<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>500<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>500<br />500<br /></pre></div></div></div></div></div>\r\n</div>\r\n\r\n <script>\r\n $(function () {\r\n Codeforces.addMathJaxListener(function () {\r\n let $problem = $(\"div[problemindex=D]\");\r\n let uuid = $problem.attr(\"data-uuid\");\r\n let statementText = convertStatementToText($problem.find(\".ttypography\").get(0));\r\n\r\n let previousStatementText = Codeforces.getFromStorage(uuid);\r\n if (previousStatementText) {\r\n if (previousStatementText !== statementText) {\r\n $problem.find(\".diff-notifier\").show();\r\n\r\n 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Extra registration opens 10 minutes after the contest starts and lasts 25 minutes.\"></i></div>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\n<style data-nocturne=\"true\" type=\"text/css\">\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame {\n padding: 0.5em 0.5em 0 0.5em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream {\n text-align: center;\n border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9;\n margin: 0 -0.5em 0.5em -0.5em;\n padding: 0 1em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_user {\n margin: 0 0 0.5em 0;\n font-size: 0.8em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream ._StreamsSidebarFrame_timeMark {\n color: #777;\n font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._StreamsSidebarFrame_stream:last-of-type {\n border-bottom: unset;\n margin: unset;\n padding: 0 0.5em 0.5em 1em;\n}\n._StreamsSidebarFrame_frame ._viewAll {\n text-align: right;\n}\n.moreRunningStreamsSidebarNote {\n color: #777 !important;\n text-decoration: none;\n}\n</style>\n\n\n<script data-nocturne=\"true\"> $(function () {\n\n}); </script>\n\n<div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top rated\n<div class=\"top-links\">\n</div>\n</div>\n<table class=\"rtable \">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n<th class=\"\">User</th>\n<th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Rating</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/tourist\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster tourist\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">t</span>ourist</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3775</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">2</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Benq\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Benq\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">B</span>enq</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3724</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/orzdevinwang\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster orzdevinwang\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">o</span>rzdevinwang</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3697</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">4</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Radewoosh\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Radewoosh\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>adewoosh</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3651</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/jiangly\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster jiangly\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">j</span>iangly</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3632</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">6</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/cnnfls_csy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster cnnfls_csy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">c</span>nnfls_csy</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3620</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/-0.5\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster -0.5\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">-</span>0.5</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3545</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left \">8</td>\n<td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/inaFSTream\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster inaFSTream\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">i</span>naFSTream</a></td>\n<td class=\"\">3478</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n<td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/fantasy\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster fantasy\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">f</span>antasy</a></td>\n<td class=\" dark\">3468</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n<td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/Rebelz\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Rebelz\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">R</span>ebelz</a></td>\n<td class=\"bottom\">3415</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<div class=\"bottom-links\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings/countries\">Countries</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/cities\">Cities</a> |\n<a href=\"/ratings/organizations\">Organizations</a>\n</td>\n<td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n<a href=\"/ratings\">View all →</a>\n</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n</div>\n</div><div class=\"roundbox sidebox top-contributed borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Top contributors\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <table class=\"rtable \">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <th class=\"left\" style=\"width:2.25em;\">#</th>\n <th class=\"\">User</th>\n <th class=\"\" style=\"width:5em;\">Contrib.</th>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">1</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/adamant\" title=\"Grandmaster adamant\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">adamant</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">178</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">2</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/awoo\" title=\"Master awoo\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">awoo</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">167</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">3</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/BledDest\" title=\"International Grandmaster BledDest\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">BledDest</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">165</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">4</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/Um_nik\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster Um_nik\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">U</span>m_nik</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">163</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">5</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/maroonrk\" title=\"Legendary Grandmaster maroonrk\" class=\"rated-user user-legendary\"><span class=\"legendary-user-first-letter\">m</span>aroonrk</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">162</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">6</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">160</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">7</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/nor\" title=\"Master nor\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">nor</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">158</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left \">8</td>\n <td class=\"\"><a href=\"/profile/-is-this-fft-\" title=\"Grandmaster -is-this-fft-\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">-is-this-fft-</a></td>\n <td class=\"\">152</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left dark\">9</td>\n <td class=\" dark\"><a href=\"/profile/kostka\" title=\"International Grandmaster kostka\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">kostka</a></td>\n <td class=\" dark\">145</td>\n </tr>\n <tr>\n <td class=\"left bottom\">10</td>\n <td class=\"bottom\"><a href=\"/profile/TheScrasse\" title=\"International Grandmaster TheScrasse\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">TheScrasse</a></td>\n <td class=\"bottom\">144</td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n <div class=\"bottom-links\">\n <table style=\"width:100%;\">\n <tbody>\n <tr>\n <td style=\"text-align:left;\">\n </td>\n <td style=\"text-align:right;\">\n <a href=\"/top-contributed\">View all →</a>\n </td>\n </tr>\n </tbody>\n </table>\n </div>\n </div>\n\r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n });\n </script>\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Find user\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <form class=\"handleForm\" method=\"post\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='8a0236352e142f3c1c617c39f7ea67b8'/>\r\n <div style=\"padding:1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <label style=\"padding-right:1em;\">Handle:\r\n <input style=\"width:12em;\" type=\"text\" class=\"handleBox\"/>\r\n </label>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"padding: 0 1em 1em 1em;text-align:right;\">\r\n <input style=\"height:1.65em;padding:0 0.75em;\" type=\"submit\" value=\"Find\"/>\r\n </div>\r\n </form>\r\n </div>\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".handleBox\").autocomplete(\"/data/handles\", {\r\n delay: 200,\r\n width: 200,\r\n selectFirst: false,\r\n matchContains: true,\r\n minChars: 3\r\n });\r\n $(\".handleForm\").attr(\"autocomplete\", \"off\").submit(function () {\r\n var link = \"/profile/userHandle\".replace(\r\n \"userHandle\", $(this).find(\".handleBox\").val()\r\n );\r\n window.location = link;\r\n return false;\r\n });\r\n });\n </script>\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox sidebox borderTopRound \" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"caption titled\">→ Recent actions\n <div class=\"top-links\">\n </div>\n </div>\n <div class=\"recent-actions\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/SecondThread\" title=\"Master SecondThread\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">SecondThread</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121073\">Meta Hacker Cup 2023 Round 1</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pyqe\" title=\"International Grandmaster Pyqe\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Pyqe</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121025\">Codeforces Round #902 (Div. 1, Div. 2, based on COMPFEST 15 — Final Round)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/Pranshu_Pandya\" title=\"Specialist Pranshu_Pandya\" class=\"rated-user user-cyan\">Pranshu_Pandya</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121171\">An Interesting Tree Problem</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/.Danet\" title=\"Expert .Danet\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">.Danet</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/121172\">[TLE on pretest1]</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" style=\"vertical-align:middle;\"/>\r\n</div>\r\n</li>\r\n <li><div style=\"font-size:0.9em;padding:0.5em 0;\">\r\n<a href=\"/profile/sszcdjr\" title=\"Master sszcdjr\" class=\"rated-user user-orange\">sszcdjr</a> →\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/119859\">Codeforces Round 896 (Div. 1, Div. 2)</a>\r\n <img alt=\"New comment(s)\" title=\"New comment(s)\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comment-12x12.png\" 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href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">Endagorion</a></li>\r\n <li class=\"current selectedLava\"><a\r\n href=\"/blog/Endagorion\">Blog</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/teams/with/Endagorion\">Teams</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/submissions/Endagorion\">Submissions</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/groups/with/Endagorion\">Groups</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/with/Endagorion\">Contests</a></li>\r\n <li><a\r\n href=\"/contests/writer/Endagorion\">Problemsetting</a></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\n <div style=\"margin-top:0;\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3><a href=\"/blog/Endagorion\" style=\"text-decoration:none;color:black !important;\">Endagorion's blog</a></h3>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:2em;\">\r\n\r\n\r\n<div class=\"has-topic-id topic\" topicId=\"3476\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462\"> Codeforces Beta Round #99: editorial\r\n</a>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"info\" style=\"position:relative;\">\r\n By <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\" title=\"International Grandmaster Endagorion\" class=\"rated-user user-red\">Endagorion</a>,\r\n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>,\r\n translation,\r\n <img style=\"position: relative;top: 5px;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/flags/24/gb.png\" alt=\"In English\" title=\"In English\"/>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0.05em;margin-right:1em;display:inline;font-size:0.75em;\">\r\n <div style=\"margin-top:0.25em;\">\r\n </div>\r\n </span>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"content\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139A - Petr and Book</a></h3>If the total number of pages doesn't exceed the number of pages for Monday, the answer is Monday. Otherwise we can substract the Monday number from total and go on to Tuesday. If Tuesday isn't enough, we subtract and continue to Wednesday, and so on. We are sure that no more than N weeks will pass, as at least one page is read every week. Complexity - O(N).<br /><br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139B - Wallpaper</a></h3>Unluckily, the translated statement was <strike>quite tough</strike> even tougher to understand than the original statement.<br /><br />Say we fixed the roll type and the room. The only possible way to cut the roll is to cut it into vertical stripes with length equal to room's height (though it was said we can cut it any way we want, there were some conditions to fulfill, namely there could be no joints other than vertical). So we find the total width of stripes we can cut our roll into as the (length of the roll / height of the room) (rounded down) * (width of the roll). If the roll length is smaller than room height, we obviously can not use this type of rolls (though the statement said there must exist at least one type we can use). The number of rolls is (perimeter of the wall rooms) / (total stripes width) (rounded up).<br /><br />Then we just try all types for every room and sum the minimal costs. Complexity - O(MN).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139C - Literature Lesson</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/A\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138A - Literature Lesson</a></h3><p>The hardest part is to check whether two lines rhyme or not.</p><p>We have to check the suffixes starting in K-th vowels from the ends for equality. Notice that if a line has less then K vowels, it can NOT be part of any rhyme (even with the identical string).</p><p>To check this we can use two pointers running from two ends simultaneously, or use some built-in functions for taking substrings (like s.substr(...) in C++).</p><p>Now, let us take three boolean variables: aabb, abab and abba. Each one says if every quatrain we have seen before satisfies the corresponding type of rhyme. To support them, for each new quatrain we must check for rhyming every pair of lines it and change variables if needed.</p><p>If at the end of the poem all variables are set to TRUE, then the type is aaaa. If all of them are FALSE's, then the answer is NO. Otherwise exactly on of them is TRUE, and answer is clear. </p><p>Complexity - O(S), where S is the sum of all lines' sizes.<br /></p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139D - Digits Permutations</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/B\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138B - Digits Permutations</a></h3><p>It turned out to be surprisingly hard, possibly because of lots of cases to think of.</p><p>How to determine the number of zeros at the end of the sum of two numbers? First we skip all the positions from the end where both numbers have zeros. If on the next position the sum of digits is not 10, that's it. If it is, we go on while the sum of digits is 9.</p><p>Now we take two transitions of digits in N. Let's fix the number of common zeros at the end of both transitions. If, moreover, we fix the digits that sum up to 10 at the next positions, we can find the maximal number of zeros to get with the remaining digits as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>) + ... + <i>min</i>(<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub>, <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>)</span>, where <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the quantities of every remaining digit in the first transition after taking out the last zeroes and the digit for the 10-sum, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> are the same numbers for second transition (initially these quantities are equal to quantities of digits in N).</p><p>So, if we store <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">0</sub>, ..., <i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\">9</sub></span>, and then run through the numbers of common zeros at the end and the 10-sum digits, we determine the maximal zeros number (and configuration giving that answer) in O(10 * 10 * N) = O(N) time. Getting the transitions now is easy - we build them from right to left according to the saved answer.<br /></p><p>The most common mistake was to think that maximal number of zeros at the end gives the maximal answer. It was disproved by 4-th pretest - 1099. As we can see, the optimal configuration is 1901 + 1099, giving three zeros, which cannot be achieved by placing both zeros at the ends.</p><h3><a href=\"/contest/139/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)\">139E - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/C\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138C - Mushroom Gnomes - 2</a></h3>First of all - the answer is the sum for all mushrooms of the probabilities of not being destroyed multiplied by that mushroom's power. That is a simple property of random variables' means.<br /><br />So we come to the equivalent statement: we still have mushrooms, but now instead of trees we have a family of segments with probabilities arranged to them. Every segment "exists" with this probability, otherwise it doesn't, and all these events are independent. We want to count the sum of probabilities (with weights) for each mushroom not to lie in any "existing" segment. (Note that we can reformulate the statement this way because any segments containing any fixed point are truly independent: they can't belong to the same tree. Thus the probability to survive for any point in this statement is equal to the probability for this point in the original statement).<br /><br />Now, how do we count this? There are several ways:<br /><br />1) "Scanning line". If we go from left to right, we can meet three kinds of events: "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> started", "the segment <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> finished", "the mushroom <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span> found". We can easily support the probability of current point being covered by "existing" segment if we multiply it by segment's probability when we find its beginning and divide by it if we find its end. If we find a mushroom by the way, we can add the known probability to answer (multiplied by its power). To perform the above trick we just sort the array of events by x-coordinate and iterate over it.<br /><br />This solution is good in theory, but in practice it has a flaw: if the number of segments is large, after multiplying lots of real numbers less then 1 we can exceed the negative explonent of the real type used, and thus get a 0 in a variable instead of desired value. And after any number of divisions it still would be 0, so we couldn't get any sane answer anymore.<br /><br />This trouble can be resolved in several ways (without changing the solution much):<br /><br />a) We can have no more than 101 distinct values of probabilities for segments. So, if we store an array for quantities of segments containing current point and having a corresponding probability, we just add and substract 1's from array's elements. When we find a mushroom we find the product of degrees with exponents stored in array, spending ~100 operations.<br /><br />b) We can store a set of segments containing current point. Every operation with set works in O(log N) time, and iterating over the whole set works in O(N) time. So, upon meeting mushroom we iterate over set and multiply the probabilities for all segments in it.<br />The next thing that helps us is that we can drop the answer for current mushroom if it's too small. If we don't store the segments with probability 1, the most number of segments which probabilities' product more than 1e-8 is about 2000 (since 0.99 ^ 2000 < 1e-8). So we can count everything in time.<br /><br />c) If we use logs of probabilities instead of themselves, we have to add and substract them instead of multiplying and dividing. This way we won't encounter any precision troubles.<br /><br />2) Segment tree.<br /><br />Let's sort the mushrooms by their coordinates. Let's also assume we have some set of segments and already counted the desired probabilities. And now we want to add a new segment to the set. What will change? The probabilities of mushrooms lying in this segment (and thus forming a segment in the array) will multiply by segment's probability.<br />Now it's clear we can use multiplication segment tree (or simple addition segment tree if we use logs again) to perform the queries for all segments and then sum up the elements in the end.<br /><br />About the strange score and pretest: we discovered the trouble with precision quite late, and realized that it makes the problem way harder ('cause it's hard to predict during writing and submission phases). What's worse, it won't show itself on the small tests. So we decided to "show up" the test and let the contestants solve this additional problem, for additional score. (However, not all solutions from above list do actually deal with this problem. Unfortunately, we didn't came up with them beforehand.)<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/D\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138D - World of Darkraft</a></h3>Notice that the game can be separated into two independent: for only even and only odd coordinate sum cells. The player chooses the game he would like to make a move in. Thus, if we find a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprague%E2%80%93Grundy_theorem\">Grundy function</a> for each of this games we can find the whole game result.<br /><br />Now let's observe only even cells, for instance. We can prove that every diagonally connected piece formed during the game is constructed as the intersection of the field rectangle with some diagonally oriented semi-planes, with exactly one semi-plane for every orientation. Let's enumerate every possible edges of semi-planes, which obviously are some diagonals of the grid. Now we have an enumeration of all possible pieces - by four diagonals being "edges" of this piece.<br /><br />Now we want to count the Grundy function for some piece. To do this we iterate over all cells in this piece and find XORs of all Grundy functions of pieces formed by making a move in each cell, then find a minimal exclused non-negative number of this set (see the page on the Sprague-Grundy theorem above). All these pieces are smaller than current, so we can use the DP to count the functions. To easily iterate over cells in the piece we can iterate over numbers of two diagonals the cell lies on (going right-and-upwards and right-and-downwards), as we have exactly the bounds on their numbers as the parameters of the piece. For each case of diagonals we also have to check if the piece is inside the field.<br /><br />So we have counted the Grundy functions for even- and odd-numbered cells separately. If they are equal, the answer is "LOSE", otherwise it's a "WIN" (see the theorem again).<br /><br />Complexity - <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>((<i>n</i> + <i>m</i>)<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span> (number of pieces) <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>mn</i></span> (number of pieces inside one piece and counting MEX)).<br /><h3><a href=\"/contest/138/problem/E\" title=\"Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)\">138E - Hellish Constraints</a></h3>The most interesting problem. =)<br /><br />Let's start with the case when we have only one constriction - "<span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span>". For a string <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> let's count an array <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> with a length equal to <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>'s. <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 1</span> if the suffix of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> starting at position <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> satisfies the condition, and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>] = 0</span> otherwise.<br /><br />So, we have <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span> and already counted <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span>. What happens if we write another symbol <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>'</span> at the of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i></span>? Let <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>' = <i>s</i> + <i>c</i>'</span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>' = <i>A</i>(<i>s</i>')</span>.<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' ≠ <i>c</i></span>, than the part of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'</span> corresponding to everything beside the last symbol does not change. The last element is 1 or 0 depending on the condition (it's easy to count).<br /><br />If <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i>' = <i>c</i></span>, some elements of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i></span> might change. Let's denote the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th occurence of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>c</i></span> in <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>s</i>'</span> counting from the end as <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)</span> (symbols and occurences are enumerated from 1). If there are less then <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span> occurences, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>(<i>c</i>) = 0</span>.<br /><br />It's easy to see that elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>l</i></sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are incremented by 1, and elements from <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>'[<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 2</sub>(<i>c</i>) + 1..<i>p</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>r</i> + 1</sub>(<i>c</i>)]</span> are decremented by 1. It's also clear that as we add the symbols these invervals won't intersect for <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i></span> separately (that is, every <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> will be incremented and decremented not more than one time each).<br /><br />Now we can have more then one constriction. We count <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> as the number of constrictions the suffix starting at <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th position satisfies. Clearly, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> is the sum of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>A</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s for all constrictions. Also, we support the variable <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> - number of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-s that satisfy <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>L</i> ≤ <i>B</i>[<i>i</i>] ≤ <i>R</i></span>.<br /><br />Similarly, we add symbols one after another and change <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>. To do that, we must consider all the constrictions concerning new symbols and change the numbers in the intervals mentioned above. Changing the numbers is just iterating over symbols in the mentioned intervals and incrementing/decrementing <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s (this procedure also lets us to support <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span> effectively). As the intervals for each constriction do not intersect, we will not change any <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span> more than twice for each constriction, so the number of operations concerning any constriction is <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>n</i>)</span>, giving total number of operations <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>O</i>(<i>nk</i>)</span>. To get the answer, we just sum up <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>C</i></span>'s states after adding every symbol (as every substring will be a suffix of some prefix exactly one time).<br /><br />To find borders of every interval used (in which the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i>[<i>i</i>]</span>'s are changed) we can enumerate all occurences of every symbols and count the borders easily, knowing how many times every symbol occured. The other way to do that is to keep two pointers for each constriction, showing where last intervals ended. On the next occurence we move these pointers to next occurences of corresponding symbol (however, we need to handle the case when not enough symbols have occured to changed <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>B</i></span>).</div>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/138\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 1)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div style=\"font-size: 1.1rem;line-height: 1.1rem;padding-bottom: 0.5em;\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/paperclip-16x16.png\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;\"/> <span style=\"padding: 0 0.35em;\">Tutorial of <a href=\"/contest/139\" class=\"notice\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\">Codeforces Beta Round 99 (Div. 2)</a> </span>\r\n </div>\r\n \r\n <script type=\"text/javascript\">\n $(document).ready(function () {\n $(\".delete-resource-link-989-3476\").click(function() {\n var that = this;\n Codeforces.confirm(\"Are you sure you want to detach a contest?\", function () {\n $.post(\"/data/blogAndContest\", {\n action: \"detachBlogFromContest\",\n blogId: \"989\",\n blogEntryId: \"3462\",\n contestId: $(that).attr(\"data-contestId\"),\n resourceIds: $(that).attr(\"data-resourceIds\")\n }, function(json) { \n Codeforces.reloadAndShowMessageOrShowError(json, \"Contest detached\");\n });\n }, function () {}, \"Yes\", \"No\");\n });\n });\n</script>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\n <div class=\"roundbox meta borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"\">\n <div class=\"left-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-up-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/voteup.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\">\n\n \n <span title=\"Topic rating\" style='font-size:larger;position:relative;bottom:1px;font-weight:bold;color:green'>+68</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li style=\"line-height: 1.6em;\"> <a href=\"#\" class=\"topic-vote-down-3476\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-0.2em\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/votedown.png\"\n alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"\n /></a>\n\n\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; line-height: 1.65em; top: 0.75rem; left: 0.8em;\">\r\n </span>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"right-meta\">\r\n <ul>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/user_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Author\" title=\"Author\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/profile/Endagorion\">\n Endagorion\n </a>\n</li>\r\n <li> <img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/date_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Publication date\" title=\"Publication date\"\n />\n\n\n \n <span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Dec/24/2011 20:58\">12 years ago</span>\n \n</li>\r\n <li> <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\"><img style=\"vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-1px\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/blog/comments_16x16.png\"\n alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\n /></a>\n\n\n <a href=\"/blog/entry/3462#comments\">\n 3\n </a>\n</li>\r\n </ul>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n <br style=\"clear:both;\"/>\r\n </div>\n\r\n\r\n<style type=\"text/css\">\r\n .comments .title {\r\n float: left;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div {\r\n float: right;\r\n margin-top: 3rem;\r\n margin-right: 0.5em;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments .comments-actions-div .separator {\r\n margin: 0 1rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived {\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived, .comments label.show-archived * {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n color: black !important;\r\n /*position: relative !important;*/\r\n /*bottom: 0.4rem !important;*/\r\n }\r\n\r\n .comments label.show-archived input {\r\n height: 1.4rem !important;\r\n width: 1.4rem !important;\r\n position: relative;\r\n top: 0.25rem;\r\n }\r\n\r\n .new-root-comment {\r\n font-size: 1.4rem !important;\r\n }\r\n</style>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"comments\" commentableId=\"3486\">\r\n <div style=\"display: flow-root\">\r\n <div class=\"title\">\r\n <img src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/icons/comments-48x48.png\" alt=\"Comments\" title=\"Comments\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;top:0.6em;\"/>\r\n <a name=\"comments\">Comments (2)</a>\r\n\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comments-actions-div\">\r\n <label class=\"show-archived\">\r\n <input type=\"checkbox\"\r\n class=\"show-archived-checkbox\" \n/>\r\n Show archived\r\n </label>\r\n <span class=\"separator\">|</span>\r\n <a href=\"#\" class=\"new-root-comment\"\r\n >Write comment?</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"151565\" commentParentId=\"-1\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/no-avatar.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/alibaba\" title=\"Expert alibaba\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">alibaba</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Nov/20/2013 20:46\">10 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-151565\" href=\"?#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"151565\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"97169\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-151565\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>For problem 139D — Digits Permutations, I think the answer miss the case when there is no pair of number sum to 9 but many pairs sum to 10. So we can solve by for each pair of sum of ten number, it will be separated by a pair of not sum to 10 number.</p><p>My accepted solution just fail for a simple case : 5173. Answer should be </p><p>7513 3517 </p><p>which create 2 zero instead of 1. I think the problem size should be reduced.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-151565 en false\" href=\"#\">Reply</a>\r\n </div>\r\n </td>\r\n </tr>\r\n </table>\r\n <ul class=\"comment-children comment-151565\">\r\n <li>\r\n<div class=\"comment\">\r\n <table class=\"comment-table\"\r\n commentId=\"750194\" commentParentId=\"151565\">\r\n <tr>\r\n <td class=\"left\">\r\n <div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0;\" class=\"comment-indent-holder\">\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-no-indent\">\r\n <span>»</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"avatar\">\n <a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" style=\"position: relative;\">\n<img src='https://userpic.codeforces.org/1263656/avatar/96d886d9bbe9f804.jpg'/> </a>\n <div><a href=\"/profile/matheusdacach\" title=\"Expert matheusdacach\" class=\"rated-user user-blue\">matheusdacach</a></div>\n </div>\n </td>\r\n <td class=\"right\">\r\n <div class=\"info\">\r\n \r\n <span class=\"item\"><span class=\"format-humantime\" title=\"Jan/19/2021 15:53\">3 years ago</span>,</span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Link to comment\" name=\"comment-750194\" href=\"?#comment-750194\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">#</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\"><a title=\"Parent comment\" href=\"#comment-151565\" style=\"font-size:1.2em;\">^</a></span>\r\n <span class=\"item\">|</span>\r\n <span style=\"position: relative; top: 2px;\">\r\n</span>\r\n <div style=\"position:absolute;right:0;top:0;\">\r\n \r\n\r\n<span commentid=\"750194\" class=\"CommentVoteFrame\"\r\n data-commentRating=\"0\"\r\n data-commentUserId=\"1263656\"\r\n style=\"position:relative;\"\r\n>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"1\" dd=\"x\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:3px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-voteup-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I like it\" title=\"Vote: I like it\"/></a>\r\n<span class=\"commentRating\"><span style=\"color:gray;font-weight:bold;\">0</span></span>\r\n<a href=\"#\" class=\"vote-for-comment\" voteDirection=\"-1\" dd=\"y\"><img style=\"position:relative;top:2px;opacity:0.35;\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/81027/images/actions/comment-votedown-blue.png\" alt=\"Vote: I do not like it\" title=\"Vote: I do not like it\"/></a>\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"comment-content comment-content-750194\">\r\n <div class=\"moveup\">\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><p>the problem wants to maximize the number of 0's at the <em>end</em> of the sum<br />so 7513 + 3517 creates one zero, not two.</p></div>\r\n </div>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"reply info\">\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" href=\"#\" style=\"text-decoration: none;\"><span class=\"arrow\">→</span></a>\r\n <a class=\"comment-750194 en false\" 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Mushroom Gnomes - 2"},"problem_statement":{"kind":"string","value":"<div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Mushroom Gnomes - 2</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One day Natalia was walking in the woods when she met a little mushroom gnome. The gnome told her the following story:</p><p>Everybody knows that the mushroom gnomes' power lies in the magic mushrooms that grow in the native woods of the gnomes. There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> trees and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> magic mushrooms in the woods: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree grows at a point on a straight line with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and has the height of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom grows at the point with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and has magical powers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>.</p><p>But one day wild mushroommunchers, the sworn enemies of mushroom gnomes unleashed a terrible storm on their home forest. As a result, some of the trees began to fall and crush the magic mushrooms. The supreme oracle of mushroom gnomes calculated in advance the probability for each tree that it will fall to the left, to the right or will stand on. If the tree with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> and height <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i></span> falls to the left, then all the mushrooms that belong to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>x</i> - <i>h</i>, <i>x</i>)</span>, are destroyed. If a tree falls to the right, then the mushrooms that belong to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>x</i>, <i>x</i> + <i>h</i>]</span> are destroyed. Only those mushrooms that are not hit by a single tree survive.</p><p>Knowing that all the trees fall independently of each other (i.e., all the events are mutually independent, and besides, the trees do not interfere with other trees falling in an arbitrary direction), the supreme oracle was also able to quickly calculate what would be the expectation of the total power of the mushrooms which survived after the storm. His calculations ultimately saved the mushroom gnomes from imminent death.</p><p>Natalia, as a good Olympiad programmer, got interested in this story, and she decided to come up with a way to quickly calculate the expectation of the sum of the surviving mushrooms' power.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>) — the number of trees and mushrooms, respectively.</p><p>Each of the next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain four integers — <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 100</span>) which represent the coordinate of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree, its height, the percentage of the probabilities that the tree falls to the left and to the right, respectively (the remaining percentage is the probability that the tree will stand on).</p><p>Each of next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup></span>) which represent the coordinate and the magical power of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom, respectively.</p><p>An arbitrary number of trees and mushrooms can grow in one point.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a real number — the expectation of the total magical power of the surviving mushrooms. The result is accepted with relative or absolute accuracy <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 4</sup></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br/>2 2 50 50<br/>1 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.5000000000<br/></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br/>2 2 50 50<br/>4 2 50 50<br/>3 1<br/></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.2500000000<br/></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>It is believed that the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>)</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> ≤ <i>x</i> < <i>r</i></span>. Similarly, the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>]</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> < <i>x</i> ≤ <i>r</i></span>.</p><p>In the first test the mushroom survives with the probability of 50%, depending on where the single tree falls.</p><p>In the second test the mushroom survives only if neither of the two trees falls on it. It occurs with the probability of 50% <span class=\"tex-span\"> × </span> 50% = 25%.</p><p>Pretest №12 is the large test with <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span> trees and one mushroom.</p></div></div>"},"page":{"kind":"string","value":"\r\n<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\">\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n <meta http-equiv=\"content-type\" content=\"text/html; charset=UTF-8\">\n <meta name=\"X-Csrf-Token\" content=\"51af2bb45b1021f977a93c28a0b44392\"/>\n <meta id=\"viewport\" name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=0.01\"/>\n\n\n <script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/js/jquery-1.8.3.js\"></script>\n <script type=\"application/javascript\">\n window.locale = \"en\";\n window.standaloneContest = false;\n function adjustViewport() {\n var screenWidthPx = Math.min($(window).width(), window.screen.width);\n var siteWidthPx = 1100; // min width of site\n var ratio = Math.min(screenWidthPx / siteWidthPx, 1.0);\n var viewport = \"width=device-width, initial-scale=\" + ratio;\n $('#viewport').attr('content', viewport);\n var style = $('<style>html * { max-height: 1000000px; }</style>');\n $('html > head').append(style);\n }\n\n if ( /Android|webOS|iPhone|iPad|iPod|BlackBerry/i.test(navigator.userAgent) ) {\n adjustViewport();\n }\n\n /* Protection against trailing dot in domain. */\n let hostLength = window.location.host.length;\n if (hostLength > 1 && window.location.host[hostLength - 1] === '.') {\n window.location = window.location.protocol + \"//\" + window.location.host.substring(0, hostLength - 1);\n }\n </script>\n <meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"-1\">\n <meta http-equiv=\"profileName\" content=\"j3\">\n <meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"OTd2dN5x4nS4OPknPI9JFg36fKxjqY0i1PSfFPv_J90\"/>\n <meta property=\"fb:admins\" content=\"100001352546622\" />\n <meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <link rel=\"image_src\" href=\"//codeforces.org/s/73366/images/codeforces-sponsored-by-ton.png\" />\n <meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Problem - E - Codeforces\"/>\n <meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\"/>\n \n <meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Codeforces\"/>\n \n \n \n <meta name=\"cc\" content=\"505f5b301e2b247a17949dc4ae1f4d02250c67ae\"/>\n \n \n <meta name=\"utc_offset\" content=\"+03:00\"/>\n <meta name=\"verify-reformal\" content=\"f56f99fd7e087fb6ccb48ef2\" />\n <title>Problem - E - Codeforces</title>\n <meta name=\"description\" content=\"Codeforces. 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style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Sortings, orderings\">\r\n sortings\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n\n <div class=\"roundbox borderTopRound borderBottomRound\" style=\"margin:2px; padding:0 3px 2px 3px; background-color:#f0f0f0;float:left;\">\n<span class=\"tag-box\" style=\"font-size:1.2rem;\" title=\"Difficulty\">\r\n *2200\r\n</span>\r\n </div>\n <div style=\"clear:both;text-align:right;font-size:1.1rem;\">\r\n <span title=\"Please login into the Codeforces\" class=\"notice\">No tag edit access</span>\r\n </div>\r\n</div>\r\n </div>\n\r\n<form id=\"addTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" style=\"display:none;\"><input type='hidden' name='csrf_token' value='51af2bb45b1021f977a93c28a0b44392'/>\r\n <input name=\"action\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"addTag\"/>\r\n <input name=\"problemId\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"731\"/>\r\n <input name=\"tagName\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"\"/>\r\n</form>\r\n\r\n<form id=\"removeTagForm\" action=\"/data/problemTags\" method=\"post\" 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(result.length > 0 && result[result.length - 1] === ' '))) {\r\n result.push('+');\r\n }\r\n } else if (c === CLOSING_SPACE) {\r\n if (!(i + 1 < text.length && isSpecial(text.charAt(i + 1)))) {\r\n result.push('-');\r\n }\r\n } else {\r\n result.push(c);\r\n }\r\n }\r\n return result.join(\"\").split(\"\\n\").map(value => value.trim()).join(\"\\n\");\r\n };\r\n </script>\r\n <div class=\"diff-popup\">\r\n </div>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"problemindexholder\" problemindex=\"E\" data-uuid=\"ps_7217ef48203235d9a71c539d3dd37ba09049252b\">\r\n <div style=\"display: none; margin:1em 0;text-align: center; position: relative;\" class=\"alert alert-info diff-notifier\">\r\n <div>The problem statement has recently been changed. <a class=\"view-changes\" href=\"#\">View the changes.</a></div>\r\n <span class=\"diff-notifier-close\" style=\"position: absolute; top: 0.2em; right: 0.3em; cursor: pointer; font-size: 1.4em;\">×</span>\r\n </div>\r\n <div class=\"ttypography\"><div class=\"problem-statement\"><div class=\"header\"><div class=\"title\">E. Mushroom Gnomes - 2</div><div class=\"time-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">time limit per test</div>1 second</div><div class=\"memory-limit\"><div class=\"property-title\">memory limit per test</div>256 megabytes</div><div class=\"input-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">input</div>standard input</div><div class=\"output-file\"><div class=\"property-title\">output</div>standard output</div></div><div><p>One day Natalia was walking in the woods when she met a little mushroom gnome. The gnome told her the following story:</p><p>Everybody knows that the mushroom gnomes' power lies in the magic mushrooms that grow in the native woods of the gnomes. There are <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> trees and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> magic mushrooms in the woods: the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree grows at a point on a straight line with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> and has the height of <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom grows at the point with coordinates <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> and has magical powers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>.</p><p>But one day wild mushroommunchers, the sworn enemies of mushroom gnomes unleashed a terrible storm on their home forest. As a result, some of the trees began to fall and crush the magic mushrooms. The supreme oracle of mushroom gnomes calculated in advance the probability for each tree that it will fall to the left, to the right or will stand on. If the tree with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> and height <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i></span> falls to the left, then all the mushrooms that belong to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>x</i> - <i>h</i>, <i>x</i>)</span>, are destroyed. If a tree falls to the right, then the mushrooms that belong to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>x</i>, <i>x</i> + <i>h</i>]</span> are destroyed. Only those mushrooms that are not hit by a single tree survive.</p><p>Knowing that all the trees fall independently of each other (i.e., all the events are mutually independent, and besides, the trees do not interfere with other trees falling in an arbitrary direction), the supreme oracle was also able to quickly calculate what would be the expectation of the total power of the mushrooms which survived after the storm. His calculations ultimately saved the mushroom gnomes from imminent death.</p><p>Natalia, as a good Olympiad programmer, got interested in this story, and she decided to come up with a way to quickly calculate the expectation of the sum of the surviving mushrooms' power.</p></div><div class=\"input-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Input</div><p>The first line contains two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> and <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>n</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">5</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>m</i> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">4</sup></span>) — the number of trees and mushrooms, respectively.</p><p>Each of the next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>n</i></span> lines contain four integers — <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>a</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>h</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">0 ≤ <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub>, <i>l</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> + <i>r</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>i</i></sub> ≤ 100</span>) which represent the coordinate of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>i</i></span>-th tree, its height, the percentage of the probabilities that the tree falls to the left and to the right, respectively (the remaining percentage is the probability that the tree will stand on).</p><p>Each of next <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>m</i></span> lines contain two integers <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub></span> (<span class=\"tex-span\">|<i>b</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub>| ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">9</sup></span>, <span class=\"tex-span\">1 ≤ <i>z</i><sub class=\"lower-index\"><i>j</i></sub> ≤ 10<sup class=\"upper-index\">3</sup></span>) which represent the coordinate and the magical power of the <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>j</i></span>-th mushroom, respectively.</p><p>An arbitrary number of trees and mushrooms can grow in one point.</p></div><div class=\"output-specification\"><div class=\"section-title\">Output</div><p>Print a real number — the expectation of the total magical power of the surviving mushrooms. The result is accepted with relative or absolute accuracy <span class=\"tex-span\">10<sup class=\"upper-index\"> - 4</sup></span>.</p></div><div class=\"sample-tests\"><div class=\"section-title\">Examples</div><div class=\"sample-test\"><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>1 1<br />2 2 50 50<br />1 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.5000000000<br /></pre></div><div class=\"input\"><div class=\"title\">Input</div><pre>2 1<br />2 2 50 50<br />4 2 50 50<br />3 1<br /></pre></div><div class=\"output\"><div class=\"title\">Output</div><pre>0.2500000000<br /></pre></div></div></div><div class=\"note\"><div class=\"section-title\">Note</div><p>It is believed that the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the right-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">[<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>)</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> ≤ <i>x</i> < <i>r</i></span>. Similarly, the mushroom with the coordinate <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>x</i></span> belongs to the left-open interval <span class=\"tex-span\">(<i>l</i>, <i>r</i>]</span> if and only if <span class=\"tex-span\"><i>l</i> < <i>x</i> ≤ <i>r</i></span>.</p><p>In the first test the mushroom survives with the probability of 50%, depending on where the single tree falls.</p><p>In the second test the mushroom survives only if neither of the two trees falls on it. 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