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README.md
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license: cc-by-4.0
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---
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---
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license: cc-by-4.0
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task_categories:
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- depth-estimation
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- robotics
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language:
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- en
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tags:
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- mmWave-radar
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- FMCW
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- imaging
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- depth-image
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size_categories:
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- 10K<n<100K
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---
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# TextRadar Dataset
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TextRadar is a multimodal indoor RF sensing dataset introduced in the our paper **“3D Occupancy-Language Fields from mmWave Radar.”**
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It contains synchronized high-resolution mmWave radar (TI MMWCAS-RF-EVM), LiDAR, and IMU measurements collected using a mobile robotic platform across **7 indoor buildings**.
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The dataset supports research in RF imaging, depth estimation, robot localization, and multimodal perception.
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## Dataset Details
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- **~20k synchronized RF/LiDAR samples**
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- **7 indoor buildings**
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- **25 robot trajectories**
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- Approximately **461 GB of processed data**
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- **Curated by:** Haowen Lai, Zhiwei Zheng, and Mingmin Zhao, WAVES Lab, University of Pennsylvania
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- **License:** CC BY 4.0
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### Links
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- **Paper:** *3D Occupancy-Language Fields from mmWave Radar*, arXiv 2026
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## Dataset Structure
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The dataset contains two main components.
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### Raw Data
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Raw recordings include:
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- mmWave radar I/Q measurements
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- synchronized LiDAR measurements
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- synchronized IMU measurements
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- timestamps
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The raw data are intended for researchers working on radar signal processing, motion estimation, beamforming, and RF imaging.
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### Processed Data
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Processed data include:
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- 3D RF heatmaps
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- LiDAR-derived range ground truth
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- glass masks
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These data can be used directly for training and evaluating machine-learning models without rerunning the full radar-processing pipeline.
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## Recommended Split
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The original TextRadar experiments use **leave-one-building-out (LOBO)** evaluation.
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For each experiment:
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- 6 buildings are used for training
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- 1 building is held out for testing
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This split is recommended when evaluating generalization to unseen environments.
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## Data Collection
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Data were collected using a robotic platform equipped with:
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- **TI MMWCAS-RF-EVM** mmWave FMCW radar
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- **Ouster 64-beam LiDAR**
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- IMU
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- rotating radar assembly
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The rotating radar forms a synthetic cylindrical array for panoramic 3D RF imaging.
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LiDAR measurements provide geometric ground truth, while synchronized radar measurements are processed into 3D RF heatmaps.
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## Annotations
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Range and geometric ground truth are derived primarily from synchronized LiDAR measurements.
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## Uses
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TextRadar is intended for research in areas including:
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- RF and mmWave sensing
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- 3D RF imaging
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- depth and range estimation
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- surface-normal estimation
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- robot localization
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- RF–LiDAR multimodal learning
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- cross-building generalization
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## Limitations
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The dataset was collected in **7 indoor buildings** and may not generalize directly to outdoor environments.
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Results may also depend on the specific radar configuration, sensor mounting, and acquisition setup used in TextRadar.
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LiDAR is used as geometric ground truth but can be unreliable on transparent surfaces such as glass. Glass masks are included to help identify these regions.
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## Citation
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If you use TextRadar, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@article{TextRadar,
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title={3D Occupancy-Language Fields from mmWave Radar},
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author={Lai, Haowen and Zheng, Zhiwei and Zhao, Mingmin},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2610.37929},
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year={2026}
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}
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```
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