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Market Structure, Chart Pattern, and Candlestick Pattern Detector
Provides objective, rule-based detection for the TVTA Vision Dataset.
"""
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from typing import List, Dict, Any, Optional, Tuple
# ─── SWING POINT DETECTION ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
def find_swing_highs(lows: pd.Series, highs: pd.Series, order: int = 5) -> List[int]:
"""Find swing high indices: highs[i] is the highest in [i-order, i+order]."""
swing_indices = []
for i in range(order, len(highs) - order):
if highs.iloc[i] == highs.iloc[i - order:i + order + 1].max():
swing_indices.append(i)
return swing_indices
def find_swing_lows(lows: pd.Series, highs: pd.Series, order: int = 5) -> List[int]:
"""Find swing low indices: lows[i] is the lowest in [i-order, i+order]."""
swing_indices = []
for i in range(order, len(lows) - order):
if lows.iloc[i] == lows.iloc[i - order:i + order + 1].min():
swing_indices.append(i)
return swing_indices
# ─── MARKET STRUCTURE ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def detect_market_structure(
df: pd.DataFrame, swing_order: int = 5
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""
Detect market structure: HH, HL, LH, LL, BOS, CHoCH.
Uses only data up to the final candle (no future leakage).
"""
highs = df["high"]
lows = df["low"]
closes = df["close"]
swing_highs = find_swing_highs(lows, highs, swing_order)
swing_lows = find_swing_lows(lows, highs, swing_order)
if len(swing_highs) < 2 and len(swing_lows) < 2:
return {
"classification": "neutral",
"sequence": "",
"break_of_structure": False,
"change_of_character": False,
"swing_highs": len(swing_highs),
"swing_lows": len(swing_lows),
}
# Build structure sequence
structure_seq = []
all_swings = []
for idx in swing_highs:
all_swings.append(("H", idx, highs.iloc[idx]))
for idx in swing_lows:
all_swings.append(("L", idx, lows.iloc[idx]))
all_swings.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])
# Determine HH/HL/LH/LL
prev_high = None
prev_low = None
seq_labels = []
for swing_type, idx, price in all_swings:
if swing_type == "H":
if prev_high is not None:
if price > prev_high:
seq_labels.append("HH")
else:
seq_labels.append("LH")
prev_high = price
else:
if prev_low is not None:
if price > prev_low:
seq_labels.append("HL")
else:
seq_labels.append("LL")
prev_low = price
sequence_str = "_".join(seq_labels) if seq_labels else ""
# Classification
hh_count = seq_labels.count("HH")
ll_count = seq_labels.count("LL")
hl_count = seq_labels.count("HL")
lh_count = seq_labels.count("LH")
if hh_count > lh_count and hl_count >= ll_count:
classification = "bullish"
elif ll_count > hl_count and lh_count >= hh_count:
classification = "bearish"
elif hh_count == ll_count and len(seq_labels) > 0:
classification = "mixed"
else:
classification = "neutral"
# Break of Structure (BOS): price breaks the last significant swing level
bos = False
if len(all_swings) >= 2:
last_swing = all_swings[-1]
prev_swing = all_swings[-2]
if last_swing[0] == "H" and closes.iloc[-1] > last_swing[2]:
bos = True
elif last_swing[0] == "L" and closes.iloc[-1] < last_swing[2]:
bos = True
# Change of Character (CHoCH): structure reverses after a clear trend
choch = False
if len(seq_labels) >= 3:
recent = seq_labels[-3:]
if classification == "bullish" and "LL" in recent[:2]:
choch = True
elif classification == "bearish" and "HH" in recent[:2]:
choch = True
return {
"classification": classification,
"sequence": sequence_str,
"break_of_structure": bos,
"change_of_character": choch,
"swing_highs": len(swing_highs),
"swing_lows": len(swing_lows),
}
# ─── TREND CLASSIFICATION ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
def classify_trend(df: pd.DataFrame, idx: int = -1) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""
Classify the dominant trend using objective rules.
"""
if idx < 0:
idx = len(df) + idx
if idx < 0 or idx >= len(df):
idx = len(df) - 1
row = df.iloc[idx]
close = row.get("close", 0)
score = 0
reasons = []
# Moving average alignment
ema20 = row.get("ema_20", 0)
ema50 = row.get("ema_50", 0)
ema200 = row.get("ema_200", 0)
if ema20 > ema50 > ema200:
score += 2
reasons.append("ema_bullish_alignment")
elif ema20 < ema50 < ema200:
score -= 2
reasons.append("ema_bearish_alignment")
# Price vs MAs
if close > ema20:
score += 1
else:
score -= 1
if close > ema200:
score += 1
else:
score -= 1
# RSI
rsi = row.get("rsi_14", 50)
if rsi > 60:
score += 1
elif rsi < 40:
score -= 1
# MACD
macd = row.get("macd", 0)
macd_sig = row.get("macd_signal", 0)
if macd > macd_sig:
score += 1
else:
score -= 1
# ADX
adx = row.get("adx", 20)
trending = adx > 25
# Price structure (last 20 candles)
if idx >= 20:
recent_highs = df["high"].iloc[idx - 20:idx + 1]
recent_lows = df["low"].iloc[idx - 20:idx + 1]
if recent_highs.is_monotonic_increasing:
score += 1
elif recent_highs.is_monotonic_decreasing:
score -= 1
if recent_lows.is_monotonic_increasing:
score += 1
elif recent_lows.is_monotonic_decreasing:
score -= 1
# Classify
if score >= 5:
trend = "strong_bullish"
elif score >= 3:
trend = "bullish"
elif score >= 1:
trend = "weak_bullish"
elif score == 0:
trend = "sideways"
elif score >= -2:
trend = "weak_bearish"
elif score >= -4:
trend = "bearish"
else:
trend = "strong_bearish"
return {
"classification": trend,
"score": score,
"trending": trending,
"adx": round(float(adx), 2),
"reasons": reasons,
}
# ─── SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
def find_support_resistance(
df: pd.DataFrame,
swing_order: int = 5,
tolerance_pct: float = 0.01,
min_touches: int = 2,
) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""
Find significant support and resistance levels from swing points.
"""
highs = df["high"]
lows = df["low"]
swing_highs = find_swing_highs(lows, highs, swing_order)
swing_lows = find_swing_lows(lows, highs, swing_order)
# Cluster swing highs into resistance levels
resistance_clusters = _cluster_levels(
[highs.iloc[i] for i in swing_highs], tolerance_pct
)
support_clusters = _cluster_levels(
[lows.iloc[i] for i in swing_lows], tolerance_pct
)
# Filter by minimum touches
resistance_levels = []
for price, touches in resistance_clusters:
if touches >= min_touches:
resistance_levels.append({
"price": round(float(price), 2),
"strength": _level_strength(touches),
"touches": touches,
})
support_levels = []
for price, touches in support_clusters:
if touches >= min_touches:
support_levels.append({
"price": round(float(price), 2),
"strength": _level_strength(touches),
"touches": touches,
})
# Sort by proximity to current price
current_price = df["close"].iloc[-1]
resistance_levels.sort(key=lambda x: x["price"])
support_levels.sort(key=lambda x: x["price"], reverse=True)
# Keep only levels near current price
resistance_levels = [
r for r in resistance_levels
if r["price"] > current_price * 0.95 and r["price"] < current_price * 1.15
]
support_levels = [
s for s in support_levels
if s["price"] < current_price * 1.05 and s["price"] > current_price * 0.85
]
return {
"support_levels": support_levels[:5],
"resistance_levels": resistance_levels[:5],
}
def _cluster_levels(prices: List[float], tolerance_pct: float) -> List[Tuple[float, int]]:
"""Cluster nearby price levels."""
if not prices:
return []
prices_sorted = sorted(prices)
clusters = []
current_cluster = [prices_sorted[0]]
for p in prices_sorted[1:]:
cluster_mean = np.mean(current_cluster)
if abs(p - cluster_mean) / cluster_mean <= tolerance_pct:
current_cluster.append(p)
else:
clusters.append((np.mean(current_cluster), len(current_cluster)))
current_cluster = [p]
if current_cluster:
clusters.append((np.mean(current_cluster), len(current_cluster)))
return clusters
def _level_strength(touches: int) -> str:
if touches >= 5:
return "very_strong"
elif touches >= 3:
return "strong"
elif touches >= 2:
return "medium"
else:
return "weak"
# ─── CANDLESTICK PATTERNS ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
def detect_candlestick_patterns(df: pd.DataFrame) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Detect common candlestick patterns at the most recent candles.
"""
patterns = []
n = len(df)
if n < 5:
return patterns
o = df["open"].values
h = df["high"].values
l = df["low"].values
c = df["close"].values
# Body and shadow sizes
body = np.abs(c - o)
upper_shadow = h - np.maximum(o, c)
lower_shadow = np.minimum(o, c) - l
total_range = h - l
total_range = np.where(total_range == 0, 1e-10, total_range)
avg_body = np.mean(body[-20:]) if n >= 20 else np.mean(body)
# Doji: very small body
for i in range(max(n - 5, 0), n):
if body[i] < 0.1 * total_range[i]:
patterns.append({
"pattern": "doji",
"index": i,
"strength": "medium",
})
# Hammer: small body at upper end, long lower shadow
for i in range(max(n - 5, 0), n):
if (body[i] < 0.3 * total_range[i] and
lower_shadow[i] > 2 * body[i] and
upper_shadow[i] < 0.1 * total_range[i]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "hammer",
"index": i,
"strength": "medium",
})
# Inverted Hammer: small body at lower end, long upper shadow
for i in range(max(n - 5, 0), n):
if (body[i] < 0.3 * total_range[i] and
upper_shadow[i] > 2 * body[i] and
lower_shadow[i] < 0.1 * total_range[i]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "inverted_hammer",
"index": i,
"strength": "medium",
})
# Shooting Star: small body at lower end, long upper shadow, uptrend
for i in range(max(n - 5, 0), n):
if (body[i] < 0.3 * total_range[i] and
upper_shadow[i] > 2 * body[i] and
lower_shadow[i] < 0.1 * total_range[i] and
c[i - 1] > o[i - 1] if i > 0 else False):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "shooting_star",
"index": i,
"strength": "medium",
})
# Bullish Engulfing
for i in range(max(n - 5, 1), n):
if (c[i - 1] < o[i - 1] and # Previous bearish
c[i] > o[i] and # Current bullish
o[i] <= c[i - 1] and
c[i] >= o[i - 1]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "bullish_engulfing",
"index": i,
"strength": "strong",
})
# Bearish Engulfing
for i in range(max(n - 5, 1), n):
if (c[i - 1] > o[i - 1] and # Previous bullish
c[i] < o[i] and # Current bearish
o[i] >= c[i - 1] and
c[i] <= o[i - 1]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "bearish_engulfing",
"index": i,
"strength": "strong",
})
# Morning Star (3-candle bullish reversal)
for i in range(max(n - 5, 2), n):
if (c[i - 2] < o[i - 2] and # Bearish
body[i - 1] < 0.3 * body[i - 2] and # Small body
c[i] > o[i] and # Bullish
c[i] > (o[i - 2] + c[i - 2]) / 2): # Close above midpoint
patterns.append({
"pattern": "morning_star",
"index": i,
"strength": "strong",
})
# Evening Star (3-candle bearish reversal)
for i in range(max(n - 5, 2), n):
if (c[i - 2] > o[i - 2] and # Bullish
body[i - 1] < 0.3 * body[i - 2] and # Small body
c[i] < o[i] and # Bearish
c[i] < (o[i - 2] + c[i - 2]) / 2): # Close below midpoint
patterns.append({
"pattern": "evening_star",
"index": i,
"strength": "strong",
})
# Three White Soldiers (3 consecutive bullish candles)
for i in range(max(n - 5, 2), n):
if (c[i - 2] > o[i - 2] and c[i - 1] > o[i - 1] and c[i] > o[i] and
c[i - 2] < c[i - 1] < c[i] and o[i - 2] < o[i - 1] < o[i]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "three_white_soldiers",
"index": i,
"strength": "strong",
})
# Three Black Crows (3 consecutive bearish candles)
for i in range(max(n - 5, 2), n):
if (c[i - 2] < o[i - 2] and c[i - 1] < o[i - 1] and c[i] < o[i] and
c[i - 2] > c[i - 1] > c[i] and o[i - 2] > o[i - 1] > o[i]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "three_black_crows",
"index": i,
"strength": "strong",
})
# Deduplicate: keep only the most recent occurrence of each pattern type
seen = set()
unique_patterns = []
for p in reversed(patterns):
if p["pattern"] not in seen:
seen.add(p["pattern"])
unique_patterns.append(p)
unique_patterns.reverse()
return unique_patterns
# ─── CHART PATTERN DETECTION ────────────────────────────────────────────────
def detect_chart_patterns(df: pd.DataFrame) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Detect chart patterns from price structure.
Returns patterns only when structural evidence meets criteria.
"""
patterns = []
n = len(df)
if n < 30:
return patterns
highs = df["high"].values
lows = df["low"].values
closes = df["close"].values
volumes = df["volume"].values
# Find swing points
swing_highs = find_swing_highs(df["low"], df["high"], 5)
swing_lows = find_swing_lows(df["low"], df["high"], 5)
# Double Top: two similar highs with a trough in between
if len(swing_highs) >= 2:
for i in range(len(swing_highs) - 1):
h1 = highs[swing_highs[i]]
h2 = highs[swing_highs[i + 1]]
if abs(h1 - h2) / h1 < 0.02: # Within 2%
trough_idx = swing_highs[i] + np.argmin(lows[swing_highs[i]:swing_highs[i + 1]])
trough = lows[trough_idx]
if (h1 - trough) / h1 > 0.03: # At least 3% drop
patterns.append({
"pattern": "double_top",
"strength": "strong",
"neckline": round(float(trough), 2),
})
break
# Double Bottom: two similar lows with a peak in between
if len(swing_lows) >= 2:
for i in range(len(swing_lows) - 1):
l1 = lows[swing_lows[i]]
l2 = lows[swing_lows[i + 1]]
if abs(l1 - l2) / l1 < 0.02:
peak_idx = swing_lows[i] + np.argmax(highs[swing_lows[i]:swing_lows[i + 1]])
peak = highs[peak_idx]
if (peak - l1) / l1 > 0.03:
patterns.append({
"pattern": "double_bottom",
"strength": "strong",
"neckline": round(float(peak), 2),
})
break
# Head and Shoulders: three highs with the middle highest
if len(swing_highs) >= 3:
for i in range(len(swing_highs) - 2):
left = highs[swing_highs[i]]
head = highs[swing_highs[i + 1]]
right = highs[swing_highs[i + 2]]
if head > left * 1.02 and head > right * 1.02:
# Find neckline (lows between shoulders)
neck_lows = lows[swing_highs[i]:swing_highs[i + 2] + 1]
neckline = np.min(neck_lows)
patterns.append({
"pattern": "head_and_shoulders",
"strength": "strong",
"neckline": round(float(neckline), 2),
})
break
# Ascending Triangle: rising flat resistance, higher lows
if len(swing_highs) >= 2 and len(swing_lows) >= 2:
recent_highs = [highs[i] for i in swing_highs[-3:]]
recent_lows = [lows[i] for i in swing_lows[-3:]]
if (abs(recent_highs[-1] - recent_highs[0]) / recent_highs[0] < 0.01 and
recent_lows[-1] > recent_lows[0]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "ascending_triangle",
"strength": "medium",
})
# Descending Triangle: falling flat support, lower highs
if len(swing_highs) >= 2 and len(swing_lows) >= 2:
recent_highs = [highs[i] for i in swing_highs[-3:]]
recent_lows = [lows[i] for i in swing_lows[-3:]]
if (abs(recent_lows[-1] - recent_lows[0]) / recent_lows[0] < 0.01 and
recent_highs[-1] < recent_highs[0]):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "descending_triangle",
"strength": "medium",
})
# Bull Flag: strong uptrend followed by consolidation
if n >= 20:
first_half = closes[:n // 2]
second_half = closes[n // 2:]
if (first_half[-1] > first_half[0] * 1.05 and # Strong uptrend
np.std(second_half) < np.std(first_half) * 0.5): # Consolidation
patterns.append({
"pattern": "bull_flag",
"strength": "medium",
})
# Bear Flag: strong downtrend followed by consolidation
if n >= 20:
first_half = closes[:n // 2]
second_half = closes[n // 2:]
if (first_half[-1] < first_half[0] * 0.95 and
np.std(second_half) < np.std(first_half) * 0.5):
patterns.append({
"pattern": "bear_flag",
"strength": "medium",
})
# Rectangle/Consolidation: price in a range
if n >= 20:
recent_high = np.max(highs[-20:])
recent_low = np.min(lows[-20:])
range_pct = (recent_high - recent_low) / recent_low
if range_pct < 0.05: # Less than 5% range
patterns.append({
"pattern": "rectangle",
"strength": "medium",
"range_high": round(float(recent_high), 2),
"range_low": round(float(recent_low), 2),
})
# Deduplicate
seen = set()
unique = []
for p in patterns:
if p["pattern"] not in seen:
seen.add(p["pattern"])
unique.append(p)
return unique
# ─── DIVERGENCE DETECTION ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
def detect_divergence(df: pd.DataFrame) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
"""
Detect RSI and MACD divergence from price.
"""
divergences = []
n = len(df)
if n < 30:
return divergences
if "rsi_14" not in df.columns:
return divergences
closes = df["close"].values
rsi = df["rsi_14"].values
# Find local swing points in price and RSI
swing_highs = find_swing_highs(df["low"], df["high"], 5)
swing_lows = find_swing_lows(df["low"], df["high"], 5)
# Bullish RSI divergence: price makes lower low, RSI makes higher low
if len(swing_lows) >= 2:
for i in range(len(swing_lows) - 1):
if (closes[swing_lows[i + 1]] < closes[swing_lows[i]] and
rsi[swing_lows[i + 1]] > rsi[swing_lows[i]]):
divergences.append({
"type": "bullish_rsi_divergence",
"indicator": "rsi",
"strength": "medium",
})
break
# Bearish RSI divergence: price makes higher high, RSI makes lower high
if len(swing_highs) >= 2:
for i in range(len(swing_highs) - 1):
if (closes[swing_highs[i + 1]] > closes[swing_highs[i]] and
rsi[swing_highs[i + 1]] < rsi[swing_highs[i]]):
divergences.append({
"type": "bearish_rsi_divergence",
"indicator": "rsi",
"strength": "medium",
})
break
# MACD divergence
if "macd" in df.columns:
macd = df["macd"].values
if len(swing_lows) >= 2:
for i in range(len(swing_lows) - 1):
if (closes[swing_lows[i + 1]] < closes[swing_lows[i]] and
macd[swing_lows[i + 1]] > macd[swing_lows[i]]):
divergences.append({
"type": "bullish_macd_divergence",
"indicator": "macd",
"strength": "medium",
})
break
if len(swing_highs) >= 2:
for i in range(len(swing_highs) - 1):
if (closes[swing_highs[i + 1]] > closes[swing_highs[i]] and
macd[swing_highs[i + 1]] < macd[swing_highs[i]]):
divergences.append({
"type": "bearish_macd_divergence",
"indicator": "macd",
"strength": "medium",
})
break
return divergences
# ─── BREAKOUT DETECTION ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def detect_breakout(df: pd.DataFrame) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""
Detect breakout/breakdown conditions.
"""
n = len(df)
if n < 20:
return {"status": "no_breakout"}
closes = df["close"].values
volumes = df["volume"].values
highs = df["high"].values
lows = df["low"].values
# Recent range
recent_high = np.max(highs[-20:-1]) # Exclude last candle
recent_low = np.min(lows[-20:-1])
current_close = closes[-1]
avg_vol = np.mean(volumes[-20:-1])
current_vol = volumes[-1]
result = {"status": "no_breakout"}
# Upside breakout
if current_close > recent_high:
vol_confirm = current_vol > avg_vol * 1.2
if vol_confirm:
result = {
"status": "confirmed_breakout",
"direction": "up",
"level": round(float(recent_high), 2),
"volume_confirmation": True,
}
else:
result = {
"status": "potential_breakout",
"direction": "up",
"level": round(float(recent_high), 2),
"volume_confirmation": False,
}
# Downside breakdown
elif current_close < recent_low:
vol_confirm = current_vol > avg_vol * 1.2
if vol_confirm:
result = {
"status": "confirmed_breakdown",
"direction": "down",
"level": round(float(recent_low), 2),
"volume_confirmation": True,
}
else:
result = {
"status": "potential_breakdown",
"direction": "down",
"level": round(float(recent_low), 2),
"volume_confirmation": False,
}
return result
# ─── MARKET REGIME ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def classify_market_regime(df: pd.DataFrame) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""
Classify the primary market regime.
"""
n = len(df)
if n < 20:
return {"primary": "unknown", "secondary": []}
closes = df["close"].values
volumes = df["volume"].values
# Volatility
returns = np.diff(np.log(closes))
current_vol = np.std(returns[-20:]) * np.sqrt(252)
avg_vol = np.std(returns) * np.sqrt(252) if len(returns) > 0 else current_vol
# Trend
trend_info = classify_trend(df)
trend = trend_info["classification"]
# Range detection
recent_high = np.max(df["high"].values[-20:])
recent_low = np.min(df["low"].values[-20:])
range_pct = (recent_high - recent_low) / recent_low
# Volume pattern
vol_mean = np.mean(volumes[-30:]) if n >= 30 else np.mean(volumes)
vol_trend = np.mean(volumes[-10:]) / vol_mean if vol_mean > 0 else 1.0
regime = "transition"
secondary = []
if current_vol > avg_vol * 1.5:
secondary.append("high_volatility")
elif current_vol < avg_vol * 0.5:
secondary.append("low_volatility")
if range_pct < 0.03 and "sideways" in trend:
regime = "sideways_range"
elif "bullish" in trend and vol_trend > 1.2:
regime = "bull_trend"
elif "bearish" in trend and vol_trend > 1.2:
regime = "bear_trend"
elif "bullish" in trend:
regime = "accumulation"
elif "bearish" in trend:
regime = "distribution"
elif current_vol > avg_vol * 1.5:
regime = "high_volatility"
# Breakout regime
breakout = detect_breakout(df)
if "confirmed_breakout" in breakout.get("status", ""):
secondary.append("breakout_regime")
elif "confirmed_breakdown" in breakout.get("status", ""):
secondary.append("breakdown_regime")
return {
"primary": regime,
"secondary": secondary,
"volatility_annualized": round(float(current_vol), 4),
}
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