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politics
[Here are the definitions of binge drinking and and heavy aka excessive alcohol use according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.](https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/moderate-binge-drinking) [Here is the CDC echoing the same standards.](https://www.cdc.gov/alco...
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I didn't know about the fictional book character who is based on judge kavanaugh. If you're clinging to the hope that he committed perjury when he said he didn't drink to excess then you really do have nothing because it's yet another unprovable claim. Just because someone on CNN says he got sloppy drunk sometimes do...
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You can keep saying this, but this entire exchange has involved me repeating the actual testimony at the hearing and you moving goal posts as far and fast as possible. For instance: >By democrat senator standards, drinking to "excess" means drinking enough to lose judgement to the point of attempted rape. At no p...
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I don't like the term packing because increasing the size of the court isn't the only thing that should happen. I prefer to call it reform. Yes, we need to nullify the illegitimate advantage Republicans stole, and yes, that will involve adding seats initially. But we also need to implement changes to improve SCOTUS an...
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But is essentially treating people as quotas to fill based on demographics not inherently racist? Ok, sure white peoole are terrible whatever but literally Harvard has been sued by Asian people who are discriminated against by affirmative action requiring them to have like a 600 point higher SAT score than other races ...
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First of all whites didn’t enslaved blacks there were plenty of free black men in fact the first legal slave owner in America was a black man. We did import black slaves from certain African regions. Also all races have enslaved other races at some point. Yes affirmative action is racist because the main qualification ...
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So if you are an economically disadvantaged white person you're responsible for whites on average being advantaged due to having higher wealth, and thus should be penalized, while the majority of people taking advantage of affirmative action and benefiting will still be the small portion of minorities that already were...
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Socioeconomic status operates independently of race. Poor people of color exist too, and their lot is statistically even worse than poor white people. That’s why one of the things affirmative action also considers is family income. All white people did and continue to benefit from racist policies of the past and thei...
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**Yes**, yes this is absolutely true, and you're correct. [https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e92a/f143699142759573938646ad6679f0740b89.pdf](https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e92a/f143699142759573938646ad6679f0740b89.pdf) This concept is not even new either, there are many many heavily cited articles that cover t...
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You should rarely assume that your brain is *totally* unable to be treated for anything along these "attitudinal" lines. Brains can change a lot even in adulthood. New connections can be made and reinforced to the point that they compete with and crowd out the old ones. But it takes time and effort to do that. It take...
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But the real question is, when you have severe mental illness to the point of disability, how do you prompt yourself to do things like exercise when getting out of bed itself feels impossible? Because of both physical and mental conditions, I am constantly exhausted -- but I do want to get better. I want to be better, ...
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Yes. The orbito prefrontal cortex, the part of the pfc behind the eyes, is a key part of the entire pfc-limbic system emotional response. In cases of abuse there is excessive pruning of specific brain structures involved in the fight/flight response which includes the inhibitory properties of the pfc on the limbic syst...
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Good questions, in my experience, an anti-depressant (Remeron in my case) gave me a boost in mood and motivation, which allowed me to develop enough strength to get out and exercise. I'm hesitant to advocate for anti-depressants because they are invasive, and every single one of them will have side effects (some tempor...
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I have Aphantasia also. I've also dealt with depressions since my pre-teen years. I still struggle some, but I find counting helps motivate me enough to action. Need to get up for work? Count to 10, 20, maybe 30, then sit up. Count again, stand up. Count again, get dressed etc. Counting and not thinking at the same ti...
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Something that's helped me is "setting back the clock." My parents had no chill; everything that might affect them in even smaller ways was an opportunity to freak the fuck out. They also criticized and punished me for the smallest of things, and with bigger things they would talk about sending me away somewhere (by b...
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I think it's an incorrect stretch, and asymmetric, to draw a comparison of optimism vs anxiety disorders. The proper state to compare to optimism is pessimism/skepticism. Anxiety disorders are on another spectrum entirely, one that, at the other extreme, is unrealistic faith/belief. Optimism is associated with less ac...
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It's terrible, right? I've had depression for about 15 years now and I feel like the last decade has flown by in a haze of... nothing. My depression used to be a lot more manageable when I was a teenager, but it feels like the older I get, the worse it becomes. I've been in an apathy hellscape (I'm not sure how else ...
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I'm already on an anti-depressant. I take the maximum dose of Trintellix and Buspar on the side, but my doc is thinking about changing to a different type of anti-depressant again -- the third time in the last year. Sigh. Coming off the Sertaline was the worst though. )8 I've been taking anti-depressants off and on sin...
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Unfortunately you need to do regular meditation for at least 6-8 weeks to see results. Sessions should be a minimum of 20 minutes. Kabat-Zinn has some available that he used for his study, but there are lots of others. Dr. Laurie Santos said in her lecture "The Science of Well-Being" that the type of meditation doesn't...
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> Also how does meditation work? Repetition and acceptance/allowance are your best tools to move forward. I recommend you create a daily practice where you invest gradually more minutes practicing, and focus on developing this sort of patience over the days. If thoughts wander into your head and distract you, that'...
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Thank you very much, I appreciate that! I hope the rest of your shift goes well. : D Yeah, I understand and agree though. I spend most of my spare time gaming, though I've found it frustrating to play games that require too much strategizing or quick reflexes. I think my brain might be a little too sluggish to respond ...
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Have you been treated for ADHD? I'm asking because I also have ADHD, people with ADHD are more likely to develop other conditions because we tend to have emotional disregulation. So if something bad happens, we get angrier or sadder than the healthy person. I was treated for depression and PTSD first, but it was actual...
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Hnng, I don't think I could do 20 minutes at a time. I have a hard time sitting still and doing nothing for 5 minutes -- especially when my brain likes to mess with me. That's my ADHD and OCD though, I crave constant stimulation and it feels like torture to just sit there like that. The intrusive thoughts will set in t...
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This is a hard question. Theoretically, yes. I'll start with the philosophical view of it. The brain forms healthily in subjects who do not undergo abuse, therefore, it is feasible that the brain may grow into a healthier configuration at some future point. It is technically possible, but is it possible right now? I d...
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I’ve been collecting research for a study, and the evidence on neuroplasticity (the ability of the brain to change shape/size, make new connections, etc.) is really growing fast. I’m a behavior scientist not a brain scientist, but it appears that there’s good reason to believe that repeated practice is a key factor in ...
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What type of therapy are you doing? I've found ACT to be extremely beneficial for intrusive thoughts. Rather than attempting to avoid or counter them, it works off acceptance that a vast majority of the stuff going through our minds is garbage that you can just let pass without judgment. This has the effect of it being...
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Hey, you are seeing a therapist--that's an awesome step you are already taking, so you should feel good about that. I have a loved one exactly in the state you are. We are looking at meds and other therapies for resistant cases with a specialist. [Here's a clinic](http://www.emoryhealthcare.org/centers-programs/treatme...
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The hardest part for me is getting started, I think. I have mild heart problems so I'm not supposed to do anything that's too strenuous to the heart (I was exempt from gym in high school), but I am allowed to exercise so long as I focus on my body and I don't overdo it. Quick bursts of exercise like this are probably...
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My therapist is doing CBT and she's just started taking lessons on something called EMDR. That hasn't worked out for me at all so far because I'm unable to visualize anything in my head and that's the only way she seems to know how to do it so far. It's a shame because it seemed fairly interesting. I've never heard o...
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You should put your abrasive opinionated subreddits into a multireddit so that you can access them, but they aren't in your face all the time. Then you may wish to stop viewing the multi and unsub to some of them. Reddit can be a very useful website. It can also be a harmless (in all ways except the obvious) timewast...
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Thank you very much! I've heard of those different treatments, but the therapist (and psychiatrist) I'm seeing doesn't offer a lot of those. To be fair, I'm not exactly sure how helpful they are because my psychiatrist is pretty disaffected and my therapist seems to be kind of... I'm not sure how to say this without be...
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The affect of abuse and poverty on the brain is fascinating from a legal standpoint. Basically, since there is proven damage to the brain, survivors of a traumatic childhood who go on to be crimals could arguably be said to not be as responsible for their actions as their brain was altered to make them predisposed to v...
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Have you tried Headspace app? There are 3, 5, 10, and 20 minute meditations so you can work up to longer times or even stay at 3 minutes. The host helps you through when you think you aren’t doing it “right.” For me, first thing in the morning, right out of bed, is the most effective time to meditate. I still struggle...
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Mindfulness meditation is like training your brain to do what you want, or rather, get better at it. To let go of a thought and refocus on what you want to focus on. I struggle with pretty similar stuff as you. And yeah, constant intrusive thoughts and I distract myself from them, or try to anyway. Remember, you can'...
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I've personally found tweaking the balance of what I'm consuming has helped shift my mental state away from one of agitation and aggravation and towards one of compassion and curiosity. For me, this meant less time on reddit (stuff like /r/Eyebleach is fine) and online gaming (HotS triggers me like nothing else). I rep...
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Yeah, I've been wanting a new team for a while. I just feel like my psychiatrist doesn't really listen (or care) and my therapist does her best, but it's not effective. I feel like it's just as effective as venting to a friend and that's about what it feels like too. Unfortunately, I have no source of income right no...
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> once a subreddit hits a certain subscriber threshold (100,000 to 300,000), the content and enthusiasm of the average community tends to go down. This has been my experience for some of the subs I was on that have ballooned in size over the years, with two categories of exceptions: subreddits that were originally ...
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I don’t know about music specifically, but when I last studied the subject of violent media it seemed like, in general, the biggest/most reliably observed effect of consuming it was desensitization to other violent media, and it didn’t seem to substantially change aggression or responses to real life violence. I never ...
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I think this is a very good example. If you know there are things about yourself that are adaptations to things you think are not preferable, change your environment to one that you do prefer and make an effort to adapt to it. Right now I work in an awful place. I grew up around chaos/trauma and while it may or may ...
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Lurk moar, talk less. If you really feel you have to post, then do, but read it over carefully. By breaking a negative cycle one should engage in positive habits, recognizing and acting on positive interactions helps increase overall health. That's why I like the big editor feature on desktop, I can see, read and dis...
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There is also body scan! From the top of your head, focus your entire attention on each body part, and notice a slight sensation in that part. As soon as you feel a sensation, any sensation, you move three inches down, keep repeating until you reach your toes. From there you scan back up to the top of your head. Two ...
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I have the opposite problem to what you describe in part 1. I feel my body *too much*. I'm hyper aware of every tiny little sensation at all times, and I have incredibly severe anxiety. If I focus on my body at all (with the exception of feeling pleasure), especially my breath or my heartbeat, I detect and magnify lit...
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Take this with a grain of salt because I'm no doctor and don't have any experience in anxiety, but are you able to mindfully observe your anxious feelings? That's really the key point in meditation, whenever negative emotions and feelings arise (in Buddhism they call it your 'monkey brain', we all have it), we have a h...
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>My therapist is doing CBT and she's just started taking lessons on something called EMDR. That hasn't worked out for me at all so far because I'm unable to visualize anything in my head and that's the only way she seems to know how to do it so far. It's a shame because it seemed fairly interesting. Heres the thing...
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I don’t know about music specifically, but when I last studied the subject of violent media it seemed like, in general, the biggest/most reliably observed effect of consuming it was desensitization to other violent media, and it didn’t seem to substantially change aggression or responses to real life violence. I never ...
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I actually ended up at ACT after doing CBT and liking some parts a lot, but finding that challenging my thoughts constantly was exhausting and not terribly productive. Visualization was a problematic thing for me, as well, as I would either not be able to come up with anything or it'd be absurdly elaborate to a distrac...
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Something I think a lot of people don’t account for properly is the fact that a lot of these people aren’t adults, they’re literally children. When you know you’re talking to a child you can easily compensate for that when gauging their reactions and how they view things. On reddit there’s really no way of knowing who ...
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Not sure if you know anything about CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), but that type of therapy is based on breaking unhealthy pathways and forming new/healthy ones. Previous to the 6-month intensive work I did with a CBT therapist, I had spent pretty much all of my life in a state of anxiety. It peaked at age 24, whe...
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Exactly. The brain is always changing and adapting quickly to the environment. It’s a fascinating organ that has enabled us to become on top of the food chain, even though we are not the strongest species, a bear or tiger could easily rip us to shreds without breaking a sweat. Eventually in evolution our bodies and bra...
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Actually it takes much less time than two months to form new neural pathways, they grow very rapidly. I think what they were probably referring to was actually making the change of the brains preference in which neural pathways to utilize and how much less likely you are to use the old patterns. Let’s say your brain u...
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I'm not a mental health professional nor do I know the severity of your depression, but have you tried just scheduling active stuff and then just following through the motions? I understand that you have a severe lack of motivation but a rational will to get better, then perhaps forcing yourself to go through the motio...
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I’m so happy that I could help! Just know that it is 100% possible at any age to change your mindset and ways of thinking. The brain is made to never stop learning and changing. The best thing to do is start small with babysteps to change your thinking, this will get you going and ultimately get your life in a perpetua...
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No problem! It’s certainly a healthy sign that you’re able to address it openly. And moving is just an example, DEFINITELY not necessary at all. Any type of temporary detachment from past stressors is therapeutic, this eliminates the need for using past neural pathways to deal with the stress, and encourages opportunit...
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I'm someone who suffers C-PTSD, from horrible physical, sexual, and emotional abuse in Foster Care, from 9 to 17, with most of the sexual stuff happening from 9 to 13. I had a lot of horrible things happen to me. Really bad. And while I am not a Doctor, or a Psychologist, I can assure you maladaptation is a very apt te...
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I'm not sure that the prefrontal cortex sends inhibitory signals to areas responsible for stress, but I do know that stress has adverse consequences on the PFC. The most noticeable of these is cognitive performance. As you are more stressed, it is harder to think in some situations, and it also primes habitual behaviou...
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First, let me preface by saying I am definitely NOT an expert. My background is in psych and I do a lot of reading in affective neuroscience and (borderline) personality disorder, but, again, I'm not a PhD level clinician by any means. With that disclaimer, my present belief is that anything in the cortex is malleabl...
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A well-balanced diet with fish rich in fatty acids like omega 3, plenty of sunlight and a bit of exercise. Try salmon every other day, really good. Barring that, supplements. Plenty of sleep, and a reduction in stress. I would also learn coping strategies for anxiety and consider therapy. These should be good for you ...
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I don't understand how it works though. My therapist is like: imagine that there is a light raining down on you. What does it feel like? Me: uhhh. The sun? Her: what color is it? How does it make you feel? Me: increasingly more uncomfortable: yellow, like the sun? And I guess hot... Her: and why did you choose y...
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I really appreciate the thought! It's kind of circumstantial for me. Some days I have the energy to do this and some days it's entirely impossible. The issue then becomes anxiety because my OCD focuses on potential death and physical torment that *could* happen on my end thanks to my intrusive thoughts. I don't feel co...
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I've found that I really like walks. My favorite thing is long, scenic trails with a friend. I love just getting to relax and talk to a friend. It's easier when you have someone there beside you, but nixing that, I found that using headphones and listening to an audio book while at the gym helps a little bit. At least ...
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Routines are also supposed to be really good for people with ADHD, like me! I struggle with them a lot, so I have to set alarms even for simple things like remembering to take my medicine. I would love to get a good routine going, though my knees are way too busted to run without dying. I should definitely keep up with...
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Hahahahaha. You should write a book, you've got some good details there! For me, visualization is just impossible. I don't know how and I can't even daydream. My therapist gets frustrated with me and, from the way people explain it, it kind of sounds like they're having a hallucination? I'm not sure, my brain just does...
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I have just come to realize I’ve suffered from abuse as a child and am learning to improve brain quality. After reading this I got scared because I’ve been unaware of the damage for a long time and I’m seeking help of any kind. I appreciate you all sharing this post to remind me of what I need to be focusing on. Improv...
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You do right by accepting it and seeking help. That’s being responsible with yourself. Remember, many things can scar a child. I was physically beaten as a child, and in my culture (spanish) this used to be the norm. Spank your child to correct his behavior. But to me, as a child, I could only perceive it as violence b...
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On mobile but I highly recommend Behave by Robert Sapolski. It directly addresses this and about a hundred other questions in this thread. I understand that the amygdala is over developed while the frontal cortex (and other regions) are under. The increased amygdala response can help improve survival chances in dang...
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I can understand your concern and it is certainly not for everyone so do a lot of research before trying if you decide to go down this path. With that said mushrooms have show great efficacy for treatment of depression and anxiety. I can personally attest to this and many friends can as well. In some cases they could...
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Yes, I am telling you how you felt. Im not a magician, I'm an addiction specialist/therapist, and a recovering addict that was on methadone for almost a decade. You don't understand the science behind the pharmacology. It's physically impossible to be on opiates long term and not build a tolerance. The very way they fu...
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> It's physically impossible to be on opiates long term and not build a tolerance. What counts as long term and how steep is the tolerance curve? I had partial amputation of my ring finger and a bone fusion/pin in my middle finger due to an accident. My surgeon put me on around 30 mg oxycodone a day. This dose ...
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What happened with you is your tapered down over time to a low enough dose that you're brain was able to adjust to producing its own endorphins again. The word endorphins comes from "endogenous morphine”, meaning morphine produced internally. When our body gets fed them and doesn't have to produce them naturally to hel...
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There are a *lot* of highly intelligent people who are not particularly financially successful. Meanwhile, there are lots of people many would consider stupid and ignorant who have achieved substantial wealth. My observation is that financial success depends more on factors like ambition, perseverance, and a willingne...
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I would agree that financial success depends on ambitions and perseverance. My previous boss was Trump level narcisist, but unlike Trump, true workoholic. He owns small car carrier haulier company. We frequantly went on business trips with him and his best friend a lawyer who's also devoted christian (almost everytim...
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From the paper: > Dr. Hampton: Besides being limited to the US, we were also slightly limited by our online sample. **We did not test, for example cognitive ability or generalized intelligence, which are currently still best measured in-person**. We did however, collect education level, which has consistently been ...
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Yep, I'm not going to doubt the statistics, but this is my experience as well. In my experience people who were raised in rough backgrounds tended to grow up to be in that same socio-economic sphere, whereas people raised in more supportive and well-off homes tended to go on to be successful. It would be ludicrous to ...
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>It's pretty well documented that being poor makes you less intelligent How does this make sense? The number of zeroes in your bank account determines your mental capabilities? Think of the billions of people who live in poverty around the world. Are they in that situation because they're all dumb? I think pushin...
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Many factors are correlated with financial success, with intelligence being only one of them. If you factor out the others, I trust you'd find that intelligence was a much smaller factor than most would have initially assumed. For example, I've observed workplaces (in sales environments) where many of the better perfo...
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I agree, but I think ignoring/surpressing data because you think it might be dangerous is also dangerous. It feeds a sort of conspiratorial worldview by giving stupid people ammunition. And yes, that's basically how it works. If you're poorer you are less able to solve complex problems, probably due to stress, nutriti...
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Well our understanding of the brain will always be a limit. Let me put it another way. I don’t think there is a single trait in your mind/body/whatever called intelligence. There are different kinds of intelligence. Someone with a natural ability to understand structures and physics may be utterly shit at understandin...
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No idea, I'd think that to verify a correlation to 'conscientiousness' as in the big 5 personality construct, they'd technically need to give every person participating the actual test questions for it, which would add a lot to the work that needs to be done. I seems somewhat obvious that 'ability to delay gratificati...
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> There are different kinds of intelligence. Someone with a natural ability to understand structures and physics may be utterly shit at understanding human facial expressions. [...] Yes, that's true. And I don't think anyone's claiming that IQ, a single number, could explain *everything* about a person's strengths ...
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One interesting observation that has come out of delayed gratification studies is that your willingness to delay gratification reflects, to a large extent, how trusting you are of the authority figure that is promising the future gratification. If you have had bad experiences with authority, you are more likely to take...
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It is not just about authority. Exhibit A is people's ability to delay the instant gratification of junk food/fast food now (and who among us has never faced the temptation of fries, potato chips, alcohol, etc.) versus being healthier and more attractive in the future. There is no authority that will grant you bette...
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Yes, that’s real life. But the delayed gratification experiments are artificial situations involving authority figures (such as kids getting marshmallows). What I am saying is that the involvement in the experiment of an authority figure whose trust must be valued may make those experiments unreliable predictors of the...
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That delta between "reliable" and "unreliable" experimenters is remarkable; 12 vs 3 (mean) minutes to eating the marshmallow. But I have to ask what they were testing. You want to isolate a single variable in an experiment. To me, these two experiments are probing two very different things. What they showed here is...
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The delayed gratification experiments involved an authority figure, but much of the delayed gratification research nowadays uses things like the Kirby Delay Discounting Task: https://expfactory-experiments.github.io/kirby Or some other Intertemporal Choice (ITC) or Temporal Discounting task. These are generally compu...
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Thanks for that -- interesting. Though a choice between money today and money in the future is still really a choice about what you will receive today -- money or a promise from someone to pay you later. Also, the incentive specified on the first page references a bonus payment based on the choices. So making choices t...
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I agree, there is still arguably some element of authority. Until such a time that these sorts of transactions are fully automated and totally reliable, there will be a human element and thus an element of trust. But the influence of an imagined authority is probably much less a factor in these experiments than it was ...
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I think even in a "fully automated" version you will have an element of authority - the subject must trust that the program was written to treat them fairly. "Presence of an authority" does not necessarily mean a literal test administrator who is able to choose your outcome at that second, it can also mean the general ...
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I hear you. Honestly even most small business owners are anti-establishment and don’t trust anyone. I don’t think ambition and individualistic values based on trust issues mean overwhelming failure. I do however believe that instant gratification is counterproductive for anybody. That’s just a given. Nothing comes quic...
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The marshmaallow study is very racist. It first started in trinidad where they tested Indians vs. blacks in trinidad. the Indians were able to deprive themselves and able to postpone immediate gain for a bigger gain in the future. The black took the smaller reward if they could get it right away whereas the Indian w...
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> The marshmaallow study is very racist. It first started in trinidad where they tested Indians vs. blacks in trinidad. the Indians were able to deprive themselves and able to postpone immediate gain for a bigger gain in the future. The black took the smaller reward if they could get it right away whereas the Indian...
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I don't think 'authority' is the key component here, but rather 'trust'. A person who has suffered misfortune or a lack of good fortune, who occupies the social position of poverty and experiences being treated accordingly, is less likely to be able to trust that a benefit deferred will ever be delivered. As such the c...
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Millennial here. I know some people who are seriously considering maxing out their debt to enjoy life before everything goes to hell. I'm on the older end of my generation (33 years old) so I can still remember a time when things weren't always on a slow decline, but some younger millennials have never known anything e...
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I read about this as well, certainly significant but there are many more common scenarios that can be used gauge financial impulsivity. For example, the difference between window shopping and a shopping spree, choosing between an oil change and a night on the town, staying home because you're saving money even though y...
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I don't know the answer to that, to be honest. There are demographic variables related to delay discounting, but these are characteristics that identify populations who in theory have problems with impulsivity -- i.e., people with addictions mostly (gambling, drugs, food). I don't know what credible hypothesis you coul...
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> One interesting observation that has come out of delayed gratification studies is that your willingness to delay gratification reflects, to a large extent, how trusting you are of the authority figure that is promising the future gratification. If you have had bad experiences with authority, you are more likely to...
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Our entire lives we've been inundated with multiple ways the world could end in the next 50 years. Climate change, nuclear war, pandemics, asteroids, yellowstone volcano, etc. It's not rational, but a lot of young people really think the world, at least as we know it, will not be around in 50 years. Edit: also, the ...
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I'll just chime in since I'm 23: I'm in my last semester of college and poor as dirt. I make enough to *get by* with tutoring in math and being a teaching assistant for a business class - thankfully they pay fairly well - but I'm living essentially on pasta and eggs every day and just barely making enough to pay rent a...
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Or that delayed gratification will make anything better. If the reward might be the same now as in the future, and I want it now, whereas I might not want it in the future, why wouldn't I take it now? On the trust issue, I don't even think it's about trust in authority. I think it's about faith in general. I see the r...
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Yes you do. You need to trust yourself, and in order to do that you need to know you are safe and ok. You can't achieve your goals without believing in yourself, and a good authority figure grants you the ability to do that. If you are a father and Everytime you promise your kid that an achievement Will grant him "x" a...
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I highly doubt this would be a factor. I'll flip it around. This experiment is normally performed on toddlers and four year olds. That is an age where parents still exert maximum control over their kids' dietary intake and the kids least likely to have experienced food scarcity are the ones most likely to have a par...