Blame for data/cases_coded.csv

case,country,region,outcome,sector,t_signal,signal_note,t_reveal,reveal_note,t_terminal,terminal_note,confidence,disclosure_audit,insider_pledges,market_credit,legal_regulatory,related_party_network,supply_chain_payables,workforce_management,media_social_digital,physical_geospatial
Enron,United States,Global,Failure,Energy trading,2001-03,Business-press article questioning opaque earnings and valuation,2001-10,Q3 loss and equity write-down; SEC inquiry,2001-12,Chapter 11 filing,High,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0
WorldCom,United States,Global,Failure,Telecoms,2000-11,CEO margin calls on pledged shares and company loans to CEO reported,2002-06,Disclosure of capitalised line costs,2002-07,Chapter 11 filing,Medium,0,2,1,1,0,0,1,0,0
Parmalat,Italy,Global,Failure,Food,2003-02,Bond issue withdrawn amid investor scepticism; CFO change,2003-12,Non-existent bank balance confirmed,2003-12,Extraordinary administration,Medium,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,0
Lehman Brothers,United States,Global,Failure,Investment banking,2007-08,Credit spreads widen with subprime exposure,2008-09,Rescue talks fail; pre-announced loss,2008-09,Chapter 11 filing,High,1,0,2,0,0,0,0,1,0
Satyam,India,Global,Failure,IT services,2008-12,Aborted related-party acquisition; multilateral lender debarment; director resignations,2009-01,Chairman's confession letter,2009-01,Board superseded by government,High,0,1,0,1,1,0,1,0,0
Steinhoff,South Africa / Germany,Global,Failure,Retail,2015-11,Prosecutors' search of company offices reported,2017-12,CEO resigns over accounting irregularities,2017-12,Share price collapse and restructuring,High,0,0,0,2,1,0,0,2,0
Carillion,United Kingdom,Global,Failure,Construction and outsourcing,2014-01,Persistently high short interest; extended supplier payment terms,2017-07,Large contract provision and profit warning,2018-01,Compulsory liquidation,Medium,0,0,2,0,0,2,0,0,0
Wirecard,Germany,Global,Failure,Payments,2015-04,Investigative journalism on accounting; later short-seller reports,2020-06,EUR 1.9bn cash cannot be confirmed,2020-06,Insolvency filing,High,1,0,2,2,2,0,0,2,0
Luckin Coffee,China,Global,Failure,Consumer retail,2020-01,Anonymous short report built on store-traffic video,2020-04,Company admits fabricated sales,2020-06,Exchange delisting,High,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1
NMC Health,United Kingdom / UAE,Global,Failure,Healthcare,2019-12,Short-seller report on cash and related parties,2020-03,Undisclosed debt revealed,2020-04,Administration,High,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0
Evergrande,China,Global,Failure,Property,2020-08,Regulatory leverage caps; leaked letter warning of cash crunch,2021-07,Overdue commercial paper and supplier arrears,2021-12,Offshore bond default,Medium,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,1,0
FTX,Bahamas,Global,Failure,Crypto exchange,2022-11,Leak of affiliate balance sheet; on-chain outflows,2022-11,Withdrawals halted,2022-11,Chapter 11 filing,High,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0
Silicon Valley Bank,United States,Global,Failure,Banking,2022-06,Growing unrealised losses on held-to-maturity securities in filings,2023-03,Securities sale and capital raise announced,2023-03,Closed by regulator,High,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0
Greensill Capital,United Kingdom,Global,Failure,Supply-chain finance,2020-06,Reporting on client concentration in investment funds,2021-03,Credit insurance lapses; funds frozen,2021-03,Administration,Medium,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0
Thomas Cook,United Kingdom,Global,Failure,Travel,2018-11,Profit warnings and sharp bond-yield rise,2019-08,Recapitalisation talks disclosed,2019-09,Compulsory liquidation,Medium,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0
Americanas,Brazil,Global,Failure,Retail,2023-01,No widely documented public signal before revelation,2023-01,New CEO discloses accounting inconsistencies,2023-01,Judicial recovery filing,Medium,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
Northvolt,Sweden,Global,Failure,Battery manufacturing,2024-06,Major customer order cancellation reported,2024-09,Strategic review and large lay-offs,2024-11,Chapter 11 filing,Medium,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0
WeWork,United States,Global,Failure,Flexible office,2019-08,IPO prospectus reveals losses and related-party leases,2023-08,Going-concern doubt disclosed,2023-11,Chapter 11 filing,High,2,2,2,0,2,0,2,2,0
IL&FS,India,Global,Failure,Infrastructure finance,2018-06,Subsidiary payment delays and rating actions,2018-09,Commercial-paper defaults,2018-10,Board superseded by government,Medium,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0
Thai finance companies (1997),Thailand,Thailand,Failure,Finance and property,1996-01,Property oversupply and finance-company exposure; bank scandal; first corporate offshore default,1997-03,Capital-raising orders for finance companies,1997-06,Suspension of 16 finance companies,Medium,0,0,2,1,0,0,0,1,2
IFEC,Thailand,Thailand,Failure,Renewable energy,2018-06,Board and shareholder conflict; management turnover,2019-12,Short-term debt repayment problems,2020-03,Bill-of-exchange and bond default,Low,0,1,0,0,0,0,2,0,0
STARK,Thailand,Thailand,Failure,Cables and wires,2023-03,Annual financial statements not filed on time,2023-06,Restated accounts show large losses,2023-06,Debenture repayment problems,Low,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
JKN Global,Thailand,Thailand,Failure,Media and licensing,2023-06,Debenture maturity extension sought,2023-11,Debenture repayment missed,2023-11,Business rehabilitation petition,Medium,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0
Energy Absolute,Thailand,Thailand,Failure,Renewable energy and EV,2024-01,Share-price slide and debt concerns,2024-06,Regulator files complaint against founders,2024-06,Share collapse and debt restructuring,Low,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0
Apple (1997),United States,Global,Turnaround,Technology,1997-08,Leadership change and strategic investment,1997-07,Distress: sustained losses,1998-10,Return to annual profitability,Medium,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,1,1
Hitachi (2009),Japan,Global,Turnaround,Conglomerate,2009-04,New leadership; portfolio restructuring,2009-03,Distress: record loss,2011-03,Return to record profit,Medium,0,0,0,0,2,0,2,0,0
Rolls-Royce (2020),United Kingdom,Global,Turnaround,Aero engines,2021-06,Recovery in large-engine flying hours,2020-10,Distress: rights issue,2023-12,Record operating profit,Medium,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,2
Thai Airways,Thailand,Thailand,Turnaround,Airline,2021-06,Court-approved rehabilitation plan; capacity restored,2020-05,Distress: rehabilitation,2025-06,Exit from rehabilitation,Low,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0,2