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tabular
timeseries
sensor-data
banknote-recognition
currency-recognition
embedded-machine-learning
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README.md
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# SLR-NoteSense
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SLR-NoteSense is a dual-sensor RGBC dataset for Sri Lankan banknote denomination recognition.
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The dataset contains
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- LKR 20
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- LKR 50
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- LKR 100
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- LKR 500
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- LKR 1000
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- LKR 5000
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## Dataset Details
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Two TCS34725 color sensors
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Sensor settings:
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## Dataset Structure
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Each row contains:
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- label
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- note_id
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- scan_id
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- sample_index
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- s1_r
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- s1_nb
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- s2_r
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- s2_g
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- s2_b
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- s2_clear
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- s2_nr
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- s2_ng
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- s2_nb
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Normalized channels are calculated as:
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R/C, G/C, and B/C.
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## Physical Banknote Distribution
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| Denomination | Physical
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|---|---:|
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- group-aware machine-learning evaluation
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## Out-of-Scope Uses
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- banknote authentication
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- financial security verification
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- banknote valuation
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## License
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## Citation
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## Dataset Version
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Version
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# SLR-NoteSense
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SLR-NoteSense is a dual-sensor red-green-blue-clear (RGBC) dataset for Sri Lankan banknote denomination recognition. The seven-denomination update adds the LKR 2000 class to the original six-denomination dataset.
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The dataset contains **14,846 paired acquisition rows** from **743 distinct physical banknotes**, covering LKR **20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000**. After applying the documented sensor-settling rule, the stable view contains **14,104 paired measurement rows**.
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## Dataset Details
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Two TCS34725 color sensors connected to an ESP32-S3 collected red, green, blue, and clear-channel measurements.
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| Property | Value |
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|---|---:|
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| Sensors | 2 × TCS34725 |
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| Integration time | 50 ms |
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| Gain | 4× |
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| Denominations | 7 |
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| Distinct physical banknotes | 743 |
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| Raw paired measurements | 14,846 |
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| Stable paired measurements | 14,104 |
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| Derived note-level samples | 743 |
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## Dataset Structure
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Each raw measurement row contains the following fields:
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- `label`: Banknote denomination in LKR; missing in some original source rows.
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- `note_id`: Physical-banknote identifier within its denomination.
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- `scan_id`: Acquisition identifier.
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- `sample_index`: Ordered position within an acquisition sequence.
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- `s1_r`, `s1_g`, `s1_b`, `s1_clear`: Sensor 1 raw RGBC measurements.
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- `s1_nr`, `s1_ng`, `s1_nb`: Sensor 1 R/C, G/C, and B/C ratios.
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- `s2_r`, `s2_g`, `s2_b`, `s2_clear`: Sensor 2 raw RGBC measurements.
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- `s2_nr`, `s2_ng`, `s2_nb`: Sensor 2 R/C, G/C, and B/C ratios.
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For each sensor, normalized channels are calculated as `R/C`, `G/C`, and `B/C`, where `C` is the clear-channel reading. Each row contains a paired reading from both sensors. Use **(`label`, `note_id`)** as the globally unique physical-banknote key because `note_id` restarts within each denomination.
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## Physical Banknote Distribution
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| Denomination (LKR) | Physical banknotes | Raw rows | Stable rows |
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|---|---:|---:|---:|
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| 20 | 102 | 2,038 | 1,936 |
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| 50 | 102 | 2,038 | 1,936 |
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| 100 | 106 | 2,118 | 2,013 |
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| 500 | 111 | 2,218 | 2,107 |
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| 1000 | 106 | 2,118 | 2,012 |
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| 2000 | 109 | 2,178 | 2,069 |
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| 5000 | 107 | 2,138 | 2,031 |
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| **Total** | **743** | **14,846** | **14,104** |
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The new `2000.csv` contributes 109 distinct LKR 2000 notes. An older eight-note LKR 2000 file is **not included** because its note identifiers overlap with those in the newer file and the physical-note identities are unverified. Do not merge the two files without resolving this overlap.
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## Preprocessing and Quality Control
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1. Retain the seven original denomination-specific CSV files unchanged.
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2. Restore **380 missing `label` values** from known source-file provenance: 60 from the original six-denomination files and 320 from the new LKR 2000 file (16 complete scans). Do not infer these labels from sensor readings. The cleaned data includes an `original_label_missing` provenance flag.
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3. Remove rows with `sample_index == 0` from the derived stable view to exclude the observed sensor-settling transient. Apply this rule only where index 0 exists. **742 of 743** physical-note acquisitions contain index 0; one LKR 100 acquisition starts at index 2.
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4. Preserve the original sequence lengths. Seven physical-note acquisitions have 18 rather than 20 raw readings.
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5. For note-level classification, compute eight mean features from stable readings: the R/C, G/C, and B/C ratios for each sensor and the clear-channel mean for each sensor. The reference pipeline recomputes ratios from raw RGBC channels.
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All clear-channel readings are positive. The source release and derived views should remain distinguishable so preprocessing is reproducible.
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## Baseline Technical Validation
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The seven-class reference baseline uses a `StandardScaler` followed by an RBF support vector machine (`C=5`, `gamma=0.06`) with eight note-level features.
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Evaluation uses a stratified **physical-banknote-level** split with 594 training notes and a separate 149-note holdout. Five repeats of stratified fivefold cross-validation run only on the training partition. No physical note appears in both partitions.
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| Evaluation | Accuracy | Macro F1 |
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|---|---:|---:|
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| Training-only repeated fivefold CV (5 × 5) | 98.15% | 98.14% |
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| Separate 149-note holdout | 96.64% | 96.60% |
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Python-to-C++ prediction parity was **743/743** for note-level feature vectors and **742/742** for eligible raw-reading groups. This checks implementation agreement, not classification accuracy or performance on physical ESP32 hardware. After holdout evaluation, the companion deployment model was refitted on all 743 notes.
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These results describe the recorded sensor setup and acquisition conditions; they do not establish performance under unmeasured banknote wear, lighting, orientation, or hardware variations.
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## Intended Uses
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- Banknote denomination recognition.
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- Embedded machine learning and RGBC sensor classification.
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- Assistive currency-recognition research.
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- Feature engineering and acquisition-sequence analysis.
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- Leakage-free, physical-banknote-aware model evaluation.
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## Out-of-Scope Uses
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- Counterfeit detection or banknote authentication.
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- Financial security verification.
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- Banknote valuation.
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## License
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The dataset is licensed under the **Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)** license. Software code, if distributed, should have its own explicitly stated license.
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## Citation
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The permanent dataset DOI and associated data-paper citation will be added after publication.
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## Dataset Version
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**Version 2.0 (release candidate):** Seven-denomination update including `2000.csv`. Version and citation details should be finalized with the published dataset record.
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