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Your brain is essentially a future simulation machine. The brain can be split into 3 main chunks (I'm simplifying): the hindbrain, responsible for many instincts; the midbrain, responsible for many emotions and sensory integration; and the forebrain, newest and best at future planning. The forebrain takes longest to de... |
Bleach is a really intense base. It oxidizes the materials it comes in contact with. Chromophores are the parts of molecules that reflect light and give color to those molecules. When bleach is introduced to material, the oxidation process alters the chromophores in such a way that they no longer reflect only the light... |
This is because of prions, which are infectious misfolded proteins. They exist only in the brain and are transmitted when someone/thing eats infected brain matter. The prions cause the host's proteins to misfold, causing cell death. This creates the characteristic spongy brain associated with prion diseases like Kuru a... |
Not a biologist but: While you sleep deeply your brain releases chemicals that dampen your ability to move (sleep paralysis). If you were to wake up in, or close after, a deep sleep cycle this will impact your coordination and muscle control. Your muscles have not been affected, it is your brains ability to make the mu... |
If your illness is very minor, your immune system may only need a few hours to deal with it. When you sleep, you free up the energy and resources that would be devoted to keeping you awake to do other things, like digest food or fight disease. |
Mammoth fossiles are around [30,000 years old]( URL_2 ), and they largely lived during an ice age and many were preserved in ice enough that [their fur might be intact]( URL_0 ). Dinosaurs are, at the very least, [65 million years old]( URL_1 ), give or take a few thousand, and their extinction was largely brought on b... |
They just check their credit history and run background checks. If you aren't in a lot of debt or have a history of being sketchy then you aren't a high risk for committing a felony to leak confidential secrets. Not to mention there are various other safeguards in place to make it difficult for you to steal information... |
It's all thanks to a wonderful enzyme called telomerase. DNA gets shorter every time it divides, so it has long non coding regions on the ends called telomeres. These shorten too, but because they aren't essential for making anything they don't damage you until they actually run out. When producing sperm and eggs telom... |
Why are we concerned about losing forests when there are plenty of trees by my house? Why are we concerned about global warming when it's cold outside right now? My house isn't representative of world's forests, my city isn't representative of the world's climate, and Spain isn't representative of the world's populatio... |
Making coffee at home is much more common than brewing beer at home. That's really all it is. You can get the same size brewed coffee or tea for under $3, sometimes under $2--with the same sweeteners or whatever as the latte. You likely will not find a $2 beer outside of happy hour. The fact that you can make coffee (o... |
Ships anchor in shallow waters, so it would be near impossible for the submarine to pass underneath the ship with so little depth available. If, somehow, the sub manages to slip under the ship and gets hit with a falling anchor, I image there would be a lot of damage to the sub. A cargo ship's anchor is 4-5 tonnes of s... |
I think the reason why so many people get frustrated is because you see the crying baby as an encroachment into your own space. You see the baby as extremely annoying, especially if it interrupts your dinner or flight or trip to the mall. For a lot of parents, it's easier to tune out or tolerate your own kid's cry. It'... |
Your body doesn't (typically) hold your urine to dangerous levels while you're asleep automatically. That's why you wake up needing to pee. Or some people piss themselves. Holding your urine an excessively long time isn't comparable to going to sleep. It's comparable to waking up when you need to pee, then holding it f... |
It allows the people passing the sentence to delude themselves that killing is neat and antiseptic. I believe people think death sentences should be carried out by things that are not barbaric or old fashioned in nature. They favor electricity and poison because in a primal, raw world, people are typically lacerated, b... |
Firstly you need a planes the smallest and most popular Boeing is the 737, it will set you back £70,748,963.76 per unit though you could get a lower price for bulk buying, to note if you buy them just after a terror attack they will be cheaper. It is what RyanAir did just after 9/11 attacks. Note a 737 can only do 60,0... |
Bonds : Local bakery has a great idea for muffin tops. They need 500 for the special muffin top slicing machine and non stick pans. The local bank won't give them a loan because the idea is so new and they haven't been in business for long. But everyone in the neighbourhood is super excited. So the bakery prints out 50... |
The alessia version and lovato versions were part of the original movies. They played during the closing credits. Why would they do something like that? Branding. If you find pop artist to play the song, you can focus on the quality of the music, whereas in the film itself it the focus has to be on many more factors. B... |
The density of debris in space is *incredibly* low. Most things sent through space don't collide with anything, and won't collide with anything for thousands of years. Nevertheless, engineers have been designing shields that would be effective against the most likely kinds of (rare) debris: bits the size of sand grains... |
In the pharmaceutical industry, it has to do with patents. When a big research and development company puts millions or billions of dollars into producing a new medication they get the right to distribute it exclusively for a period of years in order to recoup the cost. After several years (7 I believe?), generic compa... |
First of all, the existence of wormholes doesn't automatically make time travel possible. We could find a wormhole today, and we still would not have the spaceship required to travel through it. Just the discovery doesn't make the travel guaranteed. But to answer your question, you can't have space without time. You ca... |
I've never heard it being bad and can't think of a reason it would be. I would bet people have said that because it's disruptive to them, and they're hoping to scare you into stopping. I know I do it, and now and then, people will bring to my attention that I'm shaking the table in class. |
This depends entirely on what brand you're looking at. Some bottled waters are much cheaper. The expensive ones, quite frankly, are just making a big profit at your expense. What is water worth? A man dying in a desert would pay thousands for a gallon of water. On the other hand, in most of the US today, we get clean, ... |
Depends on the drug. It can be hard to say exactly, because we're still figuring out a lot of the details of pain. In general it's a signal being passed along by neurons, so the key is to decrease/interrupt that signal. NSAIDs like aspirin or ibuprofen inhibit an enzyme that makes pro-inflammatory signals, reducing inf... |
It sounds like, for your situation, people just take things personally. Or they are saying you're arguing for the sake of arguing and you're not adding anything constructive to the situation. From my experience, "Devil's advocate" is usually something that a person calls their *own* argument, specifically when they don... |
If electricity is like flowing water... Voltage is water pressure Amperage is flow volume High voltage and low amperage (a static rug shock) is like a dental water pik. Can hurt locally but doesn't normally cause widespread damage. High amperage but low voltage (a bank of d-cell batteries in parallel) is like a floodin... |
Because it was important, especially in the beginning, for them to take on as many trappings of a religion as possible, in order to be able to claim religious tax exemptions. |
I'm sure you're aware that photons move at lightspeed. Einsteins equation, E=mc^2, is actually E^2 = (mc^2 )^2 + (pc)^2. This is because as you get to higher energy levels, you can't just ignore the momentum of a particle. Since p=mv, and v is the speed of light, and the energy in a photon is very little, this implies ... |
The air is actually hot, having been warmed by your body temperature. That's the warm "Haaaaaaaa" version. A more closed mouth, though, pushes the air much faster, and it feels cool because fast blowing air wicks away heat & moisture (like an electric fan). It would not be cold to a thermometer no matter how fast you b... |
You don't necessarily have to finish all the grades to enter college. You can also take an entrance exam which determines if you have enough background knowledge, and then sometimes exams to skip prerequisites for courses. Lots of kids are accepted to community college before they graduate high school - my son took cal... |
The ***sine*** is a measure of vertical-*ness*. Imagine a Ferris wheel, the wheel rotates by an angle and the **sine** of that angle tells you how "high" or "low" you are on the wheel. (With -1 being at the very bottom, and 1 being at the very top). The ***cosine*** is a measure of horizontal-*ness*. Using the Ferris w... |
'Type safety' refers to how much a language checks the data types of variables. For example, checking that you aren't trying to perform math operations on strings of text. Some operators work differently on different data types. For example, 'x + y' might mean 'add the numbers x and y together', or it might mean 'conca... |
People have wondered about the speed of light for a long, long time. As you can imagine however, the for the longest time there wasn't any real way to get a good measure of it just because it is too damn high compared to speeds we are used to here on earth. And so for the longest time it was thought to be infinite (whe... |
We do consume a few other types of salt, just not as much as sodium chloride. If you look at the container of salt in your kitchen, it probably says that it's "iodized salt", meaning it contains a small amount of sodium iodide or potassium iodide in addition to the sodium chloride. A lot of packaged foods also have pot... |
It's possible for a game to connect to an activation server and check the key used to activate the game, and if it is blacklisted on the server, it may be a pirated copy. Most cracks will try to disable this. In some notable cases, the developer released a cracked copy of the game intentionally, but with a few subtle m... |
I find it completely the other way around... math didn't start to really make much sense to me until I saw it's application in physics. So... different strokes I guess? |
I like being able to walk around in the middle of the night and feel like I'm the only person and I always feel like I'll miss something when I go to sleep but can lay in bed until past noon and not worry about that URL_0 According to that video, it says that morning and night people is something primal. Goes back to t... |
For safety. Stopping gives a chance to see the train, and opening the doors gives an opportunity to hear the train. Pretty much every state passed laws requiring this almost 80 years ago when a [freight train hit a school bus]( URL_0 ) killing the driver and 25 children. Same as why att makes their techs put cones out ... |
Generally by employing various analytical and spectroscopy techniques to "see the molecule". NMR gives the relative position of atoms by measuring neighbouring hydrogen atoms. Mass spec- Measures the molecualr mass and molecular fragmentation patterns so that you measure that actual molecular mass against the expected ... |
Your non-dominant foot planted means that your dominant foot moves. It's easier and stronger to pull your dominant foot into your chest and pull more momentum than the non-dominant. Can you give some context to this? I don't believe this is true. |
You do not have specialized nerves for wetness the way that you do for pressure and heat so your brain just learns that certain combinations of sensations like cool and slippery usually mean wet. This fact blows my mind and I often wonder how long it takes babies to figure that out and what it's like for them |
Because usually when you use a service or purchase a product, you agree to their terms of service on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. If you could get them to sign a terms of service to sell their product to you, you could easily charge them late fees. Unfortunately, since they've got more leverage than you(a product you w... |
S stands for "shuu" (秀), which is Japanese for "excellent". I comes from the usual Japanese grading. Just like how we have A+, A, B, etc. They have their own system which is the same as ours except that instead of A+ they write "S". |
An engagement ring is generally a band with a very large stone or setting traditionally consisting of diamonds. It is a gift to the bride to be. A wedding band is just a plain ring, it may have diamonds set inside the band, but generally no diamonds/stones protrude. Most women wear both their engagement ring and their ... |
So it originates from a play/movie in which a husband would mess with things around the house and then deny the changes when she noticed them, in an effort to make her think she was disconnected from reality. For example, he would dim the gas lights at certain times and when she'd ask about it, he'd say they hadn't bee... |
There was an article posted on here recently claiming that your spinal cord plays a part in it. Sadly I didn't read the article so I can't give you anymore information about it. |
There's a video [here]( URL_0 ) that goes through the whole history. To summarize: movies started using the 4:3 (not quite square) aspect ratio because a guy working in Thomas Edison's lab picked it seemingly arbitrarily. TVs picked the same ratio so they could show movies. Then TVs became popular and movie theaters wa... |
Afghanistan is alphabetically the first country, so if the registration form included a dropdown menu for the country, that's what would appear by default. My guess is whoever created the channel just didn't set the country, and was left with the default. |
Well, not for a millenium at least. The romans did rule all of Iberia, but they administered Spain and Portugal as two separate provinces (Iberia and Lusitania). After the fall of the roman empire, the area was conquered, first by visigoths (coming from what is now Germany), then by the moors (coming from North Africa)... |
1) Increasing air resistance. According to CNN, "Pushing air around actually takes up about 40% of a car's energy at highway speeds. Traveling faster makes the job even harder...The increase is actually exponential, meaning wind resistance rises much more steeply between 70 and 80 mph than it does between 50 and 60. " ... |
It's likely our fight-or-flight instinct kicking in. Even if we're not the ones *directly* involved in tension, our mind is registering that there's some sort of potentially-harmful situation brewing and this can put us on edge because we need to decide if we're going to jump into the fray...or back out. Most of our co... |
There's actually a genetic mutation that causes some people to taste cilantro as soapy. URL_0 |
1.) Irresponsible borrowers who have no idea how mortgages work. 2.) Greedy banks setting customers up for failure 3.) Government policies that prevented a crash from the dotcom fallout by redirecting money into the housing market causing drastic inflation of a bubble which would eventually become unsustainable. Check ... |
In Canada they use something called a "Wet bulb" measurement to give the humidex rating, and similarly the wind chill. It's kind of what it sounds like. The thermometer has its bulb wet. This has the effect of giving the lowest temperature possible with evaporative cooling taken into effect. Kind of like a basic but ef... |
I'm assuming you're talking about how you, yourself, can never pinpoint when you fall asleep. Not how humans can not pinpoint when other humans fall asleep. The latter is very plausible and it's pretty easy to tell when someone else is sleeping. Simply put, by the time you'd be able to tell you're asleep, you're, well,... |
Here's the thing - there are a lot of things that could be considered carcinogens. And while there are some that would be considered "Yeah, if you eat this pretty much at all, it's gonna likely give you cancer.", there are just as many that have a small, small, *small* chance, *if* you eat them often and in high quanti... |
One of the main reasons is so that you can collect and preserve a rare species. Once killed, the animal can be cleaned, stuffed, and mounted on a wall or otherwise preserved in perpetuity. The people who do this care more about collecting those animals than they do about actually preserving a rare species. |
When you're in a car, even though you feel like you're just sitting still, your body *is* actually moving along with the car at the speed of the car. So when you're driving at 40MPH, your body is going 40MPH as well. When you come to a stop, your body doesn't stop exactly as the car does - notice how you lurch forward ... |
No, it would have enough kinetic energy to leave the material, but as it traveled farther and farther away, it would slow down, eventually reaching zero kinetic energy at an infinite distance. Here's an analogy; the Earth is a material, and a rocket is an electron. The rocket is accelerated to escape velocity, and it l... |
If you take energy from the motion of the car to produce electricity, you slow the car down. Since converting energy between different forms is never 100% efficient, there is a net loss. You're basically asking "why can't a car be a perpetual motion machine" - it's a fundamental impossibility. Many electric vehicles us... |
About [1/3]( URL_0 ) of dust comes from inorganic stuff in your house breaking down, like carpet fibers. The rest comes from dirt and air particulates you bring in from the outside. There's also a small contribution from organic matter like your skin cells and pet dander. |
One thing I always found interesting about drugs or alcohol or sex was that it's not any of those things you are actually feeling. It just releases your own natural feel good chemicals. Our most talented and dedicated scientists are working to answer this very question. What can be said for certain is that, in humans, ... |
We *don't* breath in the womb. Our umbilical cord lets us get oxygen and food directly from our mother's blood while removing waste. Effectively, we're breathing with her lungs, eating with her digestive system, and peeing with her excretory system (until ours is developed enough for us to pee on our own). My brother a... |
There isn't supposed to be a "separation of Church and State". There's supposed to be "no law respecting an establishment of religion". The actual meaning of the establishment clause is that the federal government could not create a national religion similar to how most European nations have a 'state church'. It does n... |
Nonprofit means that the business entity itself cannot earn money, but they are still allowed to pay their employees salaries, and that includes the CEO/president. there are no owners for non profit orgs. there are directors and officers. no owners. To say your a non profit on really simple terms is to say the company ... |
A lot of that has to do with distance. The objects in the galaxy, namely the stars, are large and, as they give off a lot of light, very noticeable. From this distance, all we can really see of the galaxy is light all coming from a similar location. Think about a mountain range viewed from high above in a plane. It loo... |
Clusters of holes are generally not good. Holes in flesh means you're injured or unwell. Holes in dirt means something lives inside them. Wasp nests tend to have holes in them. Clusters are generally not good. Spider eggs are clustered together. Maggots are clustered together (with holes!). They're just two things that... |
Your body has 7*10^27 hrdrogen atoms which are spinning on their axes that are all pointing in random directions. When you are placed in a MRI machine, the magnetic field aligns a small majority of those atoms' axes with the direction of the magnetic field. Then, using three big electromagnets called gradients, it slig... |
Yo don't write code to be executed on the graphics card directly. Yo write code in a API like DirectX or OpenGL that the driver converts or thing that are executed on the graphics card. So the performance depends on good the driver is. The reason for not writing directly to the graphics card is that then you would have... |
A compass is problematic, because they are designed to work with gravity. At the center of the magnetic needle is a cup, and that cup rests on a support needle. You have to hold the compass level, so that the needle can swing freely. If you are off-level, the needle will jam or drag on the housing. Essentially, compass... |
Pain is mostly a protective thing: if a body part hurts you, you tend to use it less thus reducing mechanical stress and strein for faster healing. The swelling is due to the increased flux of fluids carrying what you need to heal: immune cells, chemicals, water, blood. |
The whole process is called your Circadian rhythm Your body secretes more of certain hormones at different times in the day. Melatonin is typically released at night and it is the hormone responsible for maintaining a consistent sleep cycle and is one of the factors that make you 'tired'. This is done in order for your... |
Your brain is receiving pain signals from your finger. If you shake your hand the pain is dulled because your brain is focusing on shaking your hand instead of the pain. Because our instincts are to adopt measures that can eradicate the cause of the harm. A hurt finger may mean an animal or insect biting it, or somethi... |
That garbage is really far away and for the most part really small. The ISS is fucking huge in comparison and you can barely see it if you know when and where to look. There are a huge amount of space junk orbiting the earth. According to ESA 2013 > 29,000 - for sizes larger than 10 cm > 670,000 - for sizes larger than... |
I believe this is caused by the Coandă effect, where flow is seemingly attracted to surfaces. As the water passes the surface of the container a portion of it is slowed down by the container. This leads to a lower pressure than the fluid not touching the bottle and as a result the flow changes direction. Edit: Added wo... |
Most of the time it's going to be a completely made up bullshit statistic But sometime it can be accurate (or a relatively accurate guess) For example:- - They might find from autopsy studies that 80% of people had a disease but had never been diagnosed - They might claim this by studying how people actually get diagno... |
There is an acronym called m.a. d. Mutually assured destruction. While we all live in a word where we don't want nuclear weapons they are still here and because of that if one country wants to attack another country they know the other country can match there nukes. Personally I'd sum it up to paranoia and human selfis... |
About 25% of people sneeze when they look at the sun or another bright light. Sun-sneezing has been called everything from photic sneeze reflex to ACHOO syndrome (for autosomal dominant compelling helioophthalmic outburst). But no one really knows what's going on. ... Sneezing begins with an irritation in your nose. UR... |
It depends on which hashing process was used, and how strong your password is. Your comment is right, by definition you cannot reverse a hashed password. That is what a hash is. Your password is fed into a one way grinder ("hashing algorithm") and transformed into gibberish. This means if anyone is able to get access t... |
For how you might argue it, consider the following: If we can simulate a universe, then that universe can simulate a universe, and that universe can simulate a universe, and so on, the there are probably a very large number of simulated universes for each given root universe. If there are more simulated universes than ... |
Emotions are older circuits in the brain/nervous system wiring plan. There's a lot of vasodilation that occurs in the face, sinuses. That causes swelling of the mucosa, hence the congestion. Now as to why that is, what's the evolutionary reasoning, I have no clue. Is it something that is vestigial from our mammalian an... |
Electronics have defined paths through which electricity has to flow. These paths are designed such that there is always a regulated flow of electrons from low potential to high potential. This flow also generates heat due to resistance and electrons colliding into each other. Water is usually not pure and conducts ele... |
Being exposed to something rotten or whatever can caused that grossed out feeling. And eating something rotten can make you sick. And the body can't really tell if you've eaten that rotten thing so it just spews everything up when you're near something rotten just to be sure. If you're grossed out at other things it's ... |
Our nostrils are designed to a) warm oxygen as we breathe it in before it get to our lungs and b) filter any small particles by trapping them in the hair that lines our nostrils from preventing them from reaching our lungs. Having two smaller nostrils is a much more effective filter than having one big nostril, as the ... |
Other details that aren't wages involve logistics for support personnel, I.e rental cars, hotels, per diems, etc. Naturally they need to go out ahead of time to secure the area as well as during. Judicial Watch have posted specific details of travel line items (obtained thru FOIA lawsuits) but many line items are redac... |
You have 3 salivary glands - the parotid, the sublingual, and the submandibular. You have two of each, one on either side. The biggest one is the parotid gland. It's located within your cheek. You have two (one on each side) located right in front of the ear. It's duct (the tube it uses to secrete saliva) opens up into... |
Probably because it doesn't use the legal amount of chocolate or milk to be called a chocolate bar. Maybe because it's European exclusive and proud of it? I'm American and have no idea what you're talking about. Never hear of the candy or chocolate. |
In a petrol (gasoline) engine the fuel is supposed to ignite when the spark happens. But it's hot in the cylinder and that might make the fuel ignite before the spark happens, which is known as engine pre-ignition, and that makes the fuel burn incorrectly causing engine 'knocking' or 'pinging'. At best knocking makes a... |
It's more about showing the world all their crimes, as well as giving formal closure to their victims and victims families. Also, no matter how severe your crimes, the right to trial still applies Especially with Nazi war criminals it was showing the difference between a *good* group of Nations and a*bad* group. The go... |
Density. (Weight divided by volume) Warm air is less dense than cold air, so the warm air rises and cold air goes down. Most answers so far are correctly mentioning that hot air is less dense (due to increase in vibration/kinetic energy) and so it rises, but they're leaving out some crucial details that can still be ex... |
Theoretically, with enough time due to random mutation. But it is unlikely to get that way any time soon without very precise artificial selection or genetic engineering. They're pretty well-adapted to be the size that they are. I raised coturnix quail for a few years, and selected for size of bird as well as size of e... |
It's thought that bleach and most disinfectants are harsh chemicals that attack living things generally and it's not possible for the bacteria to evolve resistance. That's backed up by the fact that despite widespread use of bleach for decades, bacteria have not evolved to resist it. If an antibiotic is a special force... |
They're hoping that you and G become friends. Either you know each other in real life but haven't become Facebook friends yet, or perhaps you haven't met but you join in the conversation and become friends. Facebook makes money through targeted advertisements. If they have more information about you, your ad space is w... |
The operating system and execution environment of most modern operating systems have "shared libraries" that are directly mapped into memory. This means that the file(s) that do various things -- like run your display or control the audio output or whatever -- become part of the way a program runs. So those files that ... |
The minority component of plasma that is so precious is the variety of proteins in it. Proteins are very long, complex molecules that your body makes to take care of all sorts of things, including carrying different types of nutrients, mediating cell reproduction, and making other molecules your body needs. Proteins ar... |
You are supposed to be co-owner of factories. When they become automated, you just stop working there, but still reap benefits of being co-owner (= profits / part of production). Endstate is everybody having equal part of whole country and gets devidends from that for personal spending, basically universal income is th... |
There are different possibilities: There are so called "hash functions". You put a number in, you get a number out. The important thing: if you put two close values in, you get two vastly different outputs. If you use now the system time, you can get pseudo-random numbers. Another way is that your Operating System help... |
No warm air to rise to mix with the cold air coming down. That mixing is what causes the vortex that forms the tornado. |
In the USA we use a weighted index based on percentages. There are 6 possible grades from best to worst: A, B, C, D, F. Letter grades correspond to the percentage of points earned out of the maximum possible for the entire class including homework, quizzes, projects, papers, tests, and final exams. A: 90-100% B: 80-89%... |
IIRC, it has to do with the fact that humans are hyper-social animals. We have massive portions of our brains dedicated to social interaction, communication, and relationships. Having long, intimate rounds of intimacy helps us form long-lasting social bonds, bonds which are critical to the survival of our species. Huma... |
Earth's magnetic field is generated by the movement of molten iron alloys in the outer core. > Why is a magnetic field so important for the planet? It acts to deflect charged particles from the sun, preventing them from pushing off small parts of our atmosphere similar to sandblasting a surface. > Can we restart a plan... |
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