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We can see galaxies and (with the Hubble telescope) see the speed at which they rotate. We can also calculate how much the stars in those galaxies mass. The problem is, that much matter, spinning at those speeds, would fly apart. Even adding in planets, dust, and black holes, there still isn't enough matter in galaxies... |
If everyone went out and got those fancy degrees and worked their tail off, someone would still need to make the food and serve the coffee and clean the toilets. Yes and no. Yes, in that the bottom floor in modern society is more luxurious a life than any human being could dream in bygone eras, and no in that there wil... |
You are hearing the sound waves created in your body THROUGH your body. Your vocal folds vibrate inside of you and that's what you hear. Try plugging your ears and speaking. You can still hear yourself AND feel the vibrations of the sounds you are making. So what others hear is only the sound waves escaping your body. ... |
Gobalism is not necessarily bad for everyone. In fact, if you ask an economist, they will tell you it is good overall, and they can support this with some pretty good math. Here's the ELI5 version of it: Let's say Alice and Bob are kids in a big neighborhood and have each decided to open businesses on opposite ends of ... |
Firstly... Holy fuck does this post make me feel old. 2ndly it's not nessecarly that film is better than digital, its that you're more connected to the work as you have to take it and process it.. You're more in the moment with taking the photo and not distracted by a billion different settings and checking the image a... |
In order to trigger an immune response, you need one of two things. There are certain kinds of molecules that only show up in disease-causing organisms like bacteria or viruses. These are called pathogen-associated molecular patterns, or PAMPs. There are also certain molecules that only become "visible" to the immune s... |
The brain is 60% essential fatty acids, but that should not be confused with fat cells. These are smaller molecular building blocks. Whether the cells are made up of fatty acids, proteins, or other molecules doesn't necessarily mean they will use more or less energy. The brain uses a lot of energy because it uses elect... |
This is an extremely common misconception and is addressed in the /r/askscience FAQ [here]( URL_0 ). The Planck scale is emphatically not "the shortest possible length" or "the hottest possible temperature". Logically speaking, there can be a length shorter than a Planck length. It just doesn't make any sense to assign... |
1) You can live in some "tornado regions" for your entire life & never even see one. 2) Why do people keep moving to LA & San Francisco when they keep having earthquakes, & the BIG ONE is still coming? For the same reason people live in flood plains, hurricane belts and earthquake zones. Because at some point in the pa... |
The body tends to follow a set sleep schedule and when you do sleep your core temperature drops. If you stay up past your usual sleep cycle your body will still drop in temperature around the same time which is why some people feel cold late at night, but since you aren't sleeping the body heats back up so the transiti... |
There was this guy named William Thomson, also known as Lord Kelvin, that was a physicist in the 19th century. He was looking at gasses and noticed that if you increased the temperature of gas in a container, the pressure went up -- actually something that a guy named Boyle wrote about a couple of hundred years earlier... |
Your muscles contract through two proteins called actin and myosin sliding past each other. Muscle cells are non Mitotic meaning they don't divide, so you have the same number of muscle cells you were born with. You gain muscle mass by damaging the myosin and actin proteins, forcing your body to build them back thicker... |
There are two primary reasons for trouble falling asleep: arousal and maladjusted rhythm. When you're falling asleep, you're pretty exposed to danger. So a good way to see whether it's alright to fall asleep is to factor in your arousal. By arousal I mean something like "sympathetic reactivity" or "HPA-axis activity", ... |
> Why and how does it affect human life span? Humans, like other animals, have cells which are built according to the instructions of DNA. Radiation has powerful forms of emitted energy or atomic components which physically damage the DNA, breaking the instructions for the building of cells. This can kill the cell or d... |
Im not aware of any published evidence on this so I will give my professional opinion. Firstly it depends on why are not getting the oxygen it needs. The two main reasons are because of a lack of oxygen in the air (rare) or your lungs not oxygenating blood properly (common). Not having enough oxygen in your blood (as m... |
**What it is numerically:** 1. Start with addition (example: 3 + 3) 2. Now, we have multiplication which is repeated addition (3 x 3 = 3 + 3 + 3) 3. Now, we have exponentiation, which is repeated multiplication (3^3 = 3 x 3 x 3). 4. Another way of writing exponentiation is to use arrow notation. (3↑3 = 3^3 = 3 x 3 x 3)... |
**What are they?** Muscles are made of cells, like the rest of your body, but these cells are special. Skeletal muscle cells in particular are kind of long and stringy, and these strings can grow in pretty much any direction, and in multiple directions. Picture an octopus or something. These are what make a muscle do w... |
The underlying theory of capitalism is that the free market will regulate the economy. For example quality, as a consumer I want quality products but quality products will cost more than poorly made products. Therefore, I need to make a choice either to buy quality or save my money. If everyone decides that they want q... |
We can produce wealth with time or resources. Let say you buy 1000$ and 2000$ of workers to build a mining equipment that you can sell for 5000$. You can created more wealth. What if the person that bought that equipment started to mine material and start to sell it. He also just created wealth. So now if you don't pri... |
According to experts, no. It's a bit of an urban myth. However, staring at them for long periods of time can cause discomfort, albeit not permanently. |
**You should absolutely not be looking directly at the sun. Ever. Not during the day, nor during sunrise or sunset.** It's less *painful* to do so during those times because clearly you're getting less direct light at the time so the sun appears less bright. This is pretty straightforward, really, but I'm leaving this ... |
Mine doesn't, but are you referring to Titanium Dioxide? -- this is a very common white pigment In deodorant, titanium dioxide is a very bright looking white pigment added for aesthetics to make the product look "pure". Without any colorants most deodorants (depending on formulation) would look like a cloudy hard gel, ... |
So, universities don't actually just teach APA. What actually going on, is that the SCIENCES, prefer APA - so I'm willing to bet you're either in the social or natural sciences. MLA is used for the humanities, which is why they are used in high school for classes like history and English. University-level humanities cl... |
Making something that does something interesting to the body without any side effects is really difficult due to how complicated the body is. And even if you could make a "harmless" drug, any risk of addiction or dependence would be an obstacle to legality. There are really no drugs, legal or not, with no side effects,... |
Unless you feel no guilt for the actions or feel them justified you will feel shame, which in Western culture, makes you avoid aye contact. I've always wonder if I'm a sociopath because I do look people in the eye and don't usually feel guilty when I'm confronted about breaking the rules. But it could also be that I le... |
They only reserved 8 bits for the level, resulting in 255 being the maximum level. The maximum score for pacman is 3,333,360 points, but that limitation is determined by limited ways you can earn points to begin with. You need at least 21 bits to express 3,333,360, so it is likely that they reserved at least 24 bits (s... |
The prevailing theory is that the sensory input is stored to memory as it is being "experienced" as a live event by the brain. But sometimes, signals get delayed, and the input gets put in memory a tiny fraction of a second before it gets experienced. When your brain is processing what you see and hear as something hap... |
Gravity is attracting them. On the larger scale everything is moving in the same direction, on the smaller scale objects are moving in different directions with the flow. Think of it like traffic on the motorway, it's all moving in the same direction but some cars are getting closer together and some cars are getting f... |
Truthfully, we don't really know, that is part of the mission of the International Space Station. To monitor the effects long periods of weightlessness have on the human body. What /u/gaspara112 said, we don't know and that is one of the things under constant research at the ISS. Have you read or watched "The Expanse"?... |
It would be a problem if you couldn't. Imagine you're stuck in an update (common in Windows 10 now). Eventually you'll have to use your computer again, but if you had no way to force restart by forcing shutdown first, you've essentially bricked your computer. Operating system updates have become far more robust over th... |
Let's say you want to find the circumference of a circle. The first step is for you to measure the diameter. How accurately can you measure the diameter? Can you measure to within 1 millimeter? 1 micrometer? How many digits long will your most accurate measurement of the diameter be? That number will be much, much lowe... |
know what's good about air? it's dirt cheap. actually it's cheaper than dirt! and if you used a solid material, not only would it be 1000x more expensive than air...it would make a really bumpy ride! the point of air is that it compresses easily, meaning it absorbs bumps. What makes for a smoother ride? Something that ... |
[List of international suicide helplines.] ( URL_0 ) [List of online/text/email help and support organizations/sites.] ( URL_1 ) Just in case. Household cleaners are stabilized with sodium hydroxide so they're not violent oxidizers like the pure bleaching solution would be, but the mixture is still capable of causing s... |
No doctor is an expert in everything. A patient will receive care from the most relevant doctors. An ICU will have doctors with a variety of specialties. Physicians in the ICU typically specialize in Pulmonary and Critical Care and they look over the medical patients in the ICU (as opposed to the surgery patients). Whe... |
There's nothing especially ground breaking about the cocktails - they simply combined three pre-existing drugs of different classes (typically two nucleoside analogues and a protease inhibitor) in one pill. They did it in order order to make it more difficult for HIV to evolve drug resistance (because it's harder to ev... |
Stolen, shout out to u/CostcoTimeMachine A computer or smartphone is built around memory that is cleared when power is removed from the system. When you start your computer, software and data is loaded into memory from storage, such as a hard disk. The longer your computer is running, the more likely it is that you run... |
Yes, the camera lenses were not great so the images were slightly blurry and maybe that's some of it. There's also shooting through a scrim which softens the image. This was done in golden age Hollywood when shooting the female. It can look pretty jarring when you go back and forth in a scene with a man not shot this w... |
Their databases were set up with maximum character counts per cell. When configuring a DB, you set character limits. |
Can't comment about it contributing to making you sick or not, but I can certainly attest to swings in weather (high and low pressure systems) playing hell on my wife's arthritis and my hands becoming achey I also want to know the answer to this question. I live in Nanchang, China, and in the last 3 weeks it's been hum... |
There are a lot of ways to become homeless: LGBTQ youth are often kicked out of home, someone living paycheck to paycheck might be evicted, and so on. There is also a severe lack of affordable housing in the United States (meaning housing that costs no more than 30% of the resident's income). The poorer someone is, the... |
One reason can be air bubbles caused by dissolved gasses and changes in pressure or temperature. If it clears up after a minute or two of standing still in a glass, it's just air bubbles. |
I would recommend Unreal Engine for creating a video game. It's free at first, but if you're making over $5000 (?) a quarter you have to pay them 5%. It can look great and there is some great asset packs you can get started with. There is tutorials on YouTube for beginners too, so hopefully it will suit your needs. |
JD Power is a marketing research firm. Companies shove piles of cash at Power and tell them, "Find out what our customers really want and what they really think of us." The companies then use that information to find out how to offer more appealing products and services. The awards that JD Power gives out are a marketi... |
Short answer: life would be very difficult trying to orbit satellites in the presence of rings. Rings exist in circular orbits in a very flat plane exactly above the equator (the equatorial plane). Satellites would need to avoid passing through this plane at the same altitude as the rings or they're likely to hit a rin... |
The entire purpose of the arch is to act as a spring to help absorb the impact from walking. Walking puts a ton of stress on your bones and if you run, it's worse. Imagine driving a car without it's springs. Every bump would be slamming into the frame basically. Eventually, you'll wear things out much faster. Also, it ... |
There is a process called fingerprinting, where a site gathers a lot of data on your computer's environment, rather than your internet connection. A web site can detect your screen resolution, browser type, processor type, windows version. With something called WebGL, used for putting 3D graphics directly into a web pa... |
You'll notice all the replies you got were from people who a) were very ill, b) had/have depression or c) done all nighters for work or school. The reason is, sleep - how long and when - is closely linked to your biological state and health. In normal circumstances, healthy human adults sleep when it's dark and are awa... |
email doesn't happen out of thin air. you have to have a device. if you're poor you are unlikely to have a device. much of the money-wiring market is poor people transferring their wages home (often a foreign country.) when home *is* a foreign country there are regulations around how cash can be transferred (and I doub... |
Not by itself--water is stable enough that it won't break down into anything on its own, so if it's clean and potable when it's bottled/sealed it will remain safe to drink. On the other hand, water can obviously become contaminated, so if the container that kept the water safe from contaminants were to expire *and* tha... |
When you press the button, it sends out a radio signal with a unique identification number that your car recognizes and responds to. If someone with an identical car uses their remote key, your car would receive the signal, but it would not recognize the identification number and thus not open the door. Transmitters fo... |
That's not how the universe works. the big bang created space, it didn't happen in space, so there's no "spot" in the universe where it happened. That being said, you can ["see" the remnants of the big bang everywhere in space]( URL_0 ) if you happen to have access to a radio telescope. If I'm wrong a physicist-reddito... |
Something very complicated that I doubt anyone will be able to explain like your 5. I'd like to meet the 5 y/o who could understand algebraic geometry, I think I would be legitimately scared of them. |
As you improve your athletic fitness, your cardiovascular system becomes more efficient. Put another way, your body becomes better at taking the oxygen you breath in, and using it to make energy for your muscles to perform their job. The human heart naturally adjusts based on the need to get oxygen and other supplies t... |
A lot of it has to do with what culture you were raised in. In my music class at university, my teacher explained it like this. In North America, our culture (or maybe just mine), the most COMMON time signatures are duple and triple meter (think 2/4 or 3/4, etc). However, for other countries, this isn't so. Some are ac... |
It is a bit of a battery drain. That's why many people choose to disable those services after rooting. You can greatly extend battery life by disabling or limiting services you don't really need. I've read some on this: The ultra efficient way of doing this (at least for android) is that the phone doesn't run everythin... |
I don't know about allergies to humans, although I wouldn't be surprised to see animals allergic to our skin flakes. Yes, animals can be allergic to all sorts of things. Allergies happen when a body's immune systems interprets a benign thing, say pollen, as a threat and attacks it. Allergies can also be specific to med... |
Facilities, machines, tools, resources, capital etc. The means of production is everything you need to produce stuff that isn't humans, more or less. Whatever is used to produce things. In an industrial economy that would be the factories and machinery needed to create new products. |
Light isn't really. The spacetime the light passes through is curved by the gravity. Light goes strait according to its own viewpoint. It seems bent to an outside observer. Welcome to the fun or thinking about relativity. That's actually a common misconception about how gravity and light works. Gravity is not "mass". I... |
The pigments in tomatoes are highly non polar molecules. They stain plastic because a small amount of lycopene gets absorbed into the plastic. Its particularly bad with HDPE and similar plastics because they are long hydrocarbon chains bound primarily by vander waals forces and let the pigments into their structure mor... |
What are you thinking of when you say "normal glue"? |
Paper and most clothing is made of long chains of molecules that will attract and loosely bind water. When they get wet the structure of the molecules that make up the paper or cloth changes slightly allowing more light to pass. |
When you get a cut on the arm your body wants to close it as soon as possible so it will stop bleeding and prevent infections. but to do so it needs to fill it with platelet (repair cells) and they begin to "glue" the wound stacking on eachother following a linear pattern (Instead of a regular like the skin) and this m... |
So this is actually pretty cool. The second "explosion" you're seeing is called sonoluminescence, which can sometimes happen when bubbles in a liquid collapse. Basically it is a collapsing air pocket that explodes due to a violent change in pressure. You can see as the bullet strikes the gel it creates a large air cavi... |
Blood thinning drugs don't actually "thin" the blood, they work by de-activating the proteins in your blood that cause clots (there's lots of them that work together, which is why there's many different types of "blood thinners"). The most common adverse effects are what you'd expect, problems related to not being able... |
It's called unintentional mirroring and is pretty common. The idea is that people subconsciously want to empathize with the person they're talking with and will adopt mannerisms that they have. You see this most often with body language (folding arms, crossing legs, gestures, smiles, etc) but it also carries over into ... |
So it has to do with light refraction. Hot air is less dense than cold air. The light moves through a medium (in this case air) in a straight line however as it moves through different density of air (being more dense closer to the road) it causes that refraction of light you are seeing. It's the same way a mirage work... |
you mean like [cracking your knuckles]( URL_0 )? the leading hypothesis is [cavitation]( URL_1 ). essentially, you reduce the pressure in the joint by stretching it, which causes gasses to come out of the fluid in the joint. the bubbles collapse to make the sound. there is no evidence that it is harmful. |
You phrase your question as if it were only just one or the other, when the reality was both options were pursued. But what does 'improving anti-tank shells' mean exactly? Well, there were two main types of anti-tank shells in common use by the Germans, your standard kinetic penetrator round (aka, 'AP' round) and your ... |
A number of reasons: 1. To prevent smells contaminating taste of other foods 2. To prevent food drying out (cooked chicken, cheddar cheese) 3. To prevent oxidation of food 4. To prevent contamination by germs - but I don't really think this is necessary in most cases except where you could accidentally touch uncooked m... |
In general it is much easier, faster, and cheaper to knockdown an abandoned building and rebuild it than it is to refurbish it. When a building is abandoned, there will usually be a cascade of problems, leaks, water damage, mold, structural weakening, etc. Rather than have to individually repair these costly problems, ... |
Here's an old thread that explains it URL_0 Tldr: starches have a structure that don't allow the absorption of water. Heat breaks down the structure, allowing water to be absorbed faster I've seen some answers about why starch specifically requires hot water, which are likely correct as well, but I'll provide an explan... |
They release pheromones that are attractive to the opposite sex, subconsciously. They help stimulate sexual arrousal/desire. Humans are extremely social animals, and anything that can increase the bond of sex is hugely important for us. In today's society we associate the smell of sweat with poor hygiene, but nonethele... |
Because the keyless entry device sends a code that the car is configured to accept. Typically a second code (double click) is also configured to unlock every door, and not just the driver's. Obviously, designing them so that they all sent the same code and could unlock any car would generally be unpopular. For physical... |
Lying is actually a sign of higher intelligence, as it requires theory of mind, the ability to understand that your own experience is different from others, and that what you see is not something that everyone else see's. Its not 'learned' per se, its a normal reaction to understanding action and consequence, while try... |
That's not how orbits work. Say I drop a ball. It'll fall straight down. Say I throw a ball sideways. Its path will curve down. The faster I throw that ball, the less it will curve. The earth is round, so its surface also curves. [If I toss the ball so hard that the curve of the path is less than the curve of the earth... |
Chobani made a grape yogurt, but I don't think it sold very well. Grape and yogurt doesn't really mix in a way that is large scale marketable to consumers. Yogurt can be kind of sour, mixing that with grape is not a flavor many people can get behind. Probably the same reason they don't make grape ice cream; too difficu... |
This is actually a much-debated question in physics, and unlike what people here are saying, it's not due to pressure or friction melting the ice. The pressure of a human being is not enough to meaningfully alter the melting point of the ice below. Instead, I believe that the current mainstream theory is that the ice m... |
I don't think i've ever seen a child do the laying kicking and screaming outside of movies/TV Because they feel their emotions so intensely that they kind of don't know what to do and makes it so much worse. Mine locks his knees and goes stiff, we've been working on how to handle these emotions and how to identify them... |
You'd have to be dead drunk. Literally, you'd have to be dead. A unit of blood in a transfusion is about 1/10 (at most) of a persons total blood. So you'd have to have a BAC of 10x the legal limit to theoretically get them drunk. The body has about 5 liters of blood. A Red Cross donation is 470ml. That means that you'r... |
On UNIX systems, the superuser or administrator of the machine is often called root. If you are using a UNIX machine, you'll usually set it up so you are running as a normal user except when you need to execute specific commands on it that need superuser or root powers. The expression of "rooting" your phone/tablet mea... |
Items like extension chords or chargers, lamps turned off, passive devices - the consumption of these circuits, if any, is nearly immeasurable. People fret over phone chargers, which are about the worst of these objects, and they'll cost you *fractions of a penny per decade.* Whether a device is plugged into a wall or ... |
Smells trigger memories the best. The two parts are right next to each other in the brain and for some reason that enough to be potent. |
The black thing on top of our boards is called griptape which helps us keep our shoes on the board when we go up. It's also a little bit like a swing, when we go down or up the transitions we bend our knees and lean either forward or back to keep our center of gravity on the board. |
I am no physiologist, but I would hazard a guess that it has something to do with the ion concentration raising up and causing problems in the head, blood, and GI tract. Water also helps calm the stomach down while you are sick. |
When a material enters a superconducting state, its electrons undergo a special quantum transition. See, electrons are particles called **fermions**. Fermions are particles which have an intrinsic **spin** (a property of all quantum particles, like mass or charge) which goes in units of 1/2 (as opposed to **bosons**, l... |
Digestion takes a lot of resources. The body raises the temperature to create a better environment for winning the battle and stopping the work of digestion is one of those settings to be adjusted. |
Coffee is very acidic. Consming acidic foods on an empty stomach can often lead to gastric pain and/or feeling nauseated. Adding milk or cream can help. Also try waiting for your first cup of coffee until after you've consumed something non-acidic. For example, eat a yogurt first, or a bowl of oatmeal. Also realize tha... |
Stand up. Turn on the spot like a ballerina. You move your body around an axis that is fixed. That's **rotation**. Let's align the axis of rotation (roughly let's pretend it's your spine) with z in an xyz coordinate system. (You may sit down, thanks) Now, only your head: ear to shoulder, look up, ear to other shoulder,... |
Speaking from my own experience with my own migraines. I get ocular migraines, which cause partial to full blindness in my left eye for 20-30 minutes. If I try to carry on like nothing is wrong, I will develop intense motion sickness and a headache that and only be described as placing my head in that hydraulic press y... |
Nowhere. The data is still there. Your storage medium, be it a disk drive or flash memory, uses some storage space to keep a database of where your files are, physically, on the medium, as well as other meta-data. When you delete something, the minimum number of entries in these tables are overwritten. Typically this i... |
Hair follows "growth cycles" where they grow and then go dormant for a bit before growing again. Sometimes individual hairs break out of the cycle and just grow constantly, forming a long hair faster than it is worn down. They are otherwise normal hairs which are just stuck on grow for some reason. I don't know if its ... |
Natural reflex, when we hear a loud noise that takes us by surprise our brain thinks "danger" so we blink to protect our eyes from whatever may be coming at us |
because the maps you're looking at has the US on the left side. Europe centered maps are popular in western countries. other maps don't have the US on left side. example of a Asian centric map. URL_0 in most maps, it's advantageous to have the sides of the map be somewhere insignificant, like middle of the ocean where ... |
Water has specific properties (cohesion and adhesion), that means it likes to stick to other materials. So it has one force pulling it down (gravity) and another force (adhesion) keeping it on your skin. At certain angles and quantities of water, the adhesion wins over gravity. Gravity is actually a pretty weak force. |
Not tidally locked. Rather, they intentionally set its rotation to match it's orbital period so that the same side always faces the earth. ISS orbits the earth once every 92.65 minutes, so if it also rotates (spins) once every 92.65 minutes, that ends up making the same side face the earth at all times. On the ISS you ... |
here's a vid of someone doing this in airless chamber URL_0 Eliminate friction (air resistance) and it's a tie. In any practical experiment you're apt to be able to conduct in normal conditions, the bricks hit first. |
Because psychologically, they are not imaginary. The whole purpose of fiction is being able to suspend your disbelief and react as though it were real. Becoming emotional involved is no different than interpreting shifting lights and shadows on a screen or squiggles on a dead tree as actual events. Empathy - It allows ... |
There is some evidence that intermittent fasting is beneficial in humans (e.g. improved insulin sensitivity), but the bulk of the work has been done in animals. The idea is that the longer your body is in a "starvation" state, the better. Valter Longo at USC has done a lot of work in this area, using what he calls the ... |
Your skin doesn't actually feel coldness or hotness, but rather the rate at which heat is entering or leaving your body. If you have a fever, you are even hotter than usual compared to the air around you, so the heat transfers faster, and you get chills. That's why it's called a fever. Your body is shivering in order t... |
The biggest factor is land. For example, in my neighborhood, even a ramshackle house that will just be torn down after its sale still goes for $350k. Land is a finite resource and as areas are built up, the price for the raw land goes up whether the house on top of it is improved or not. And if the home is in good shap... |
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