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import numpy as np
import threading
from typing import Optional
from dataclasses import dataclass

from ..config import CHUNK_SAMPLES, BUFFER_SAMPLES, SHIFT_SAMPLES, settings


@dataclass
class BufferStats:
    total_written: int = 0
    total_read: int = 0
    overruns: int = 0
    underruns: int = 0
    current_fill: float = 0.0
    window_size: int = 0
    step_size: int = 0


class RingBuffer:
    """
    Thread-safe rolling FIFO ring buffer for 16kHz mono audio.

    Capacity: BUFFER_SAMPLES (the model's full input window, 24,000 samples/
    1.5s @ 16kHz). Each inference consumes the latest full window and advances
    the read position by SHIFT_SAMPLES (configurable rolling step).
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        capacity: int = BUFFER_SAMPLES,
        window: int = BUFFER_SAMPLES,
        shift: int = SHIFT_SAMPLES,
    ):
        self._capacity = capacity
        self._window = window
        self._shift = shift
        self._buffer = np.zeros(capacity, dtype=np.float32)
        self._write_pos = 0
        self._read_pos = 0
        self._filled = 0
        self._lock = threading.RLock()
        self._stats = BufferStats()

    @property
    def capacity(self) -> int:
        return self._capacity

    @property
    def window_size(self) -> int:
        return self._window

    @property
    def shift(self) -> int:
        return self._shift

    @property
    def filled(self) -> int:
        with self._lock:
            return self._filled

    @property
    def fill_ratio(self) -> float:
        with self._lock:
            return self._filled / self._capacity

    @property
    def stats(self) -> BufferStats:
        with self._lock:
            self._stats.current_fill = self.fill_ratio
            return BufferStats(
                total_written=self._stats.total_written,
                total_read=self._stats.total_read,
                overruns=self._stats.overruns,
                underruns=self._stats.underruns,
                current_fill=self._stats.current_fill,
            )

    def write(self, data: np.ndarray) -> int:
        """
        Write audio data to buffer. Returns number of samples written.
        Handles wrap-around and overrun detection.
        """
        if data.ndim != 1:
            raise ValueError(f"Expected 1D array, got {data.ndim}D")

        data = data.astype(np.float32, copy=False)
        n_samples = len(data)

        with self._lock:
            if n_samples > self._capacity:
                data = data[-self._capacity:]
                n_samples = self._capacity
                self._stats.overruns += 1

            remaining = self._capacity - self._write_pos
            if n_samples <= remaining:
                self._buffer[self._write_pos:self._write_pos + n_samples] = data
                self._write_pos = (self._write_pos + n_samples) % self._capacity
            else:
                self._buffer[self._write_pos:] = data[:remaining]
                self._buffer[:n_samples - remaining] = data[remaining:]
                self._write_pos = (self._write_pos + n_samples) % self._capacity

            self._filled = min(self._filled + n_samples, self._capacity)
            self._stats.total_written += n_samples
            self._stats.current_fill = self.fill_ratio

            return n_samples

    def read_latest(self, n_samples: int) -> np.ndarray:
        """
        Read the most recent n_samples from buffer (zero-copy view when possible).
        Returns zero-padded array if insufficient data.
        """
        with self._lock:
            if n_samples > self._capacity:
                n_samples = self._capacity

            if self._filled < n_samples:
                self._stats.underruns += 1
                result = np.zeros(n_samples, dtype=np.float32)
                available = self._filled
                if available > 0:
                    start = (self._write_pos - available) % self._capacity
                    if start + available <= self._capacity:
                        result[-available:] = self._buffer[start:start + available]
                    else:
                        first_part = self._capacity - start
                        result[-available:-available + first_part] = self._buffer[start:]
                        result[-available + first_part:] = self._buffer[:available - first_part]
                return result

            start = (self._write_pos - n_samples) % self._capacity
            if start + n_samples <= self._capacity:
                result = self._buffer[start:start + n_samples].copy()
            else:
                first_part = self._capacity - start
                result = np.concatenate([
                    self._buffer[start:],
                    self._buffer[:n_samples - first_part]
                ])

            self._stats.total_read += n_samples
            return result

    def get_processing_window(self) -> Optional[np.ndarray]:
        """
        Get the latest full processing window (model window) for inference.

        Returns the most recent `window_size` samples (a full 1.5s window under
        defaults). Returns None if insufficient data accumulated. Advances the
        read position by `shift` samples after a successful read so windows
        roll forward by the configured step.
        """
        with self._lock:
            n = min(self._window, self._capacity)
            if self._filled < n:
                return None

            start = (self._write_pos - n) % self._capacity
            if start + n <= self._capacity:
                window = self._buffer[start:start + n].copy()
            else:
                first_part = self._capacity - start
                window = np.concatenate([
                    self._buffer[start:],
                    self._buffer[:n - first_part]
                ])

            step = min(self._shift, self._capacity)
            self._read_pos = (self._read_pos + step) % self._capacity
            self._filled = max(0, self._filled - step)
            self._stats.total_read += n
            self._stats.current_fill = self.fill_ratio

            return window

    def clear(self) -> None:
        """Reset buffer to empty state."""
        with self._lock:
            self._buffer.fill(0.0)
            self._write_pos = 0
            self._read_pos = 0
            self._filled = 0
            self._stats = BufferStats()

    def is_ready_for_inference(self) -> bool:
        """Check if buffer has enough data for one inference window."""
        with self._lock:
            return self._filled >= min(self._window, self._capacity)


class MultiConnectionBufferManager:
    """Manages separate ring buffers per WebSocket connection."""

    def __init__(self, max_connections: int = settings.max_connections):
        self._max_connections = max_connections
        self._buffers: dict[str, RingBuffer] = {}
        self._lock = threading.RLock()

    def get_buffer(self, connection_id: str) -> RingBuffer:
        with self._lock:
            if connection_id not in self._buffers:
                if len(self._buffers) >= self._max_connections:
                    raise RuntimeError(f"Max connections ({self._max_connections}) reached")
                self._buffers[connection_id] = RingBuffer()
            return self._buffers[connection_id]

    def remove_buffer(self, connection_id: str) -> None:
        with self._lock:
            self._buffers.pop(connection_id, None)

    def get_all_stats(self) -> dict[str, BufferStats]:
        with self._lock:
            return {cid: buf.stats for cid, buf in self._buffers.items()}

    def cleanup_stale(self, active_ids: set[str]) -> int:
        with self._lock:
            stale = set(self._buffers.keys()) - active_ids
            for cid in stale:
                del self._buffers[cid]
            return len(stale)