Sentence Similarity
sentence-transformers
Safetensors
roberta
feature-extraction
dense
text-embeddings-inference
Instructions to use kiel2/Kiel-2-Matrix with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- sentence-transformers
How to use kiel2/Kiel-2-Matrix with sentence-transformers:
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer model = SentenceTransformer("kiel2/Kiel-2-Matrix") sentences = [ "But Close wondered whether the package would be worth the cost of licensing the third-party software , along with Salesforce.com 's rental price .", "Close also questions whether it would be worth the cost of licensing third-party software , along with Salesforce.com 's rental price .", "No tumors were detected ; rather , empty cavities and scar tissue were found in their place .", "A race observer sits in the passenger seat of the follow vehicle to record any broken rules and also keep track of the car 's time ." ] embeddings = model.encode(sentences) similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings) print(similarities.shape) # [4, 4] - Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
Update README.md
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README.md
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pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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library_name: sentence-transformers
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---
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# KielEmbed-Code
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This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
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- **Base
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- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
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- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 dimensions
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- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
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- **Supported Modality:** Text
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<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
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<!-- - **License:** Unknown -->
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### Model Sources
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- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
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- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/huggingface/sentence-transformers)
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- **Hugging Face:** [
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### Full Model Architecture
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```
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SentenceTransformer(
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(0): Transformer({'transformer_task': 'feature-extraction', 'modality_config': {'text': {'method': 'forward', 'method_output_name': 'last_hidden_state'}}, 'module_output_name': 'token_embeddings', 'architecture': 'RobertaModel'})
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(1): Pooling({'embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode': 'mean', 'include_prompt': True})
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)
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## Usage
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### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)
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First install the Sentence Transformers library:
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```
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Then you can load this model and run inference.
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```python
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from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
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# Download from the 🤗 Hub
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model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
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# Run inference
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sentences = [
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'" Any decision on Charleroi will have huge implications for regional airports in France , " he said .',
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# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
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similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
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print(similarities)
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### Direct Usage (Transformers)
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<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>
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</details>
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### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)
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You can finetune this model on your own dataset.
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<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
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</details>
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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## Bias, Risks and Limitations
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### Recommendations
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*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
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## Training Details
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### Training Dataset
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#### Unnamed Dataset
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* Size: 10,000 training samples
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* Columns: <code>text1</code>, <code>text2</code>, and <code>label</code>
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* Approximate statistics based on the first 100 samples:
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| | text1 | text2 | label |
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|:---------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:------------------------------------------------|
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| type | string | string | int |
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| modality | text | text | |
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| details | <ul><li>min: 12 tokens</li><li>mean: 27.7 tokens</li><li>max: 41 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 15 tokens</li><li>mean: 27.64 tokens</li><li>max: 46 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>0: ~34.62%</li><li>1: ~65.38%</li></ul> |
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* Samples:
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| text1 | text2 | label |
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| <code>" The public is understandably losing patience with these unwanted phone calls , unwanted intrusions , " he said at a White House ceremony .</code> | <code>" While many good people work in the telemarketing industry , the public is understandably losing patience with these unwanted phone calls , unwanted intrusions , " Mr. Bush said .</code> | <code>0</code> |
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| <code>Federal agent Bill Polychronopoulos said it was not known if the man , 30 , would be charged .</code> | <code>Federal Agent Bill Polychronopoulos said last night the man involved in the Melbourne incident had been unarmed .</code> | <code>0</code> |
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| <code>The companies uniformly declined to give specific numbers on customer turnover , saying they will release those figures only when they report overall company performance at year-end .</code> | <code>The companies , however , declined to give specifics on customer turnover , saying they would release figures only when they report their overall company performance .</code> | <code>1</code> |
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* Loss: [<code>CosineSimilarityLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#cosinesimilarityloss) with these parameters:
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```json
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{
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"loss_fct": "torch.nn.modules.loss.MSELoss",
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"cos_score_transformation": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity"
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}
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```
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### Training Hyperparameters
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#### Non-Default Hyperparameters
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- `num_train_epochs`: 1
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- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
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- `warmup_steps`: 0.1
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- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 4
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- `fp16`: True
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#### All Hyperparameters
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<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
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- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 8
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- `num_train_epochs`: 1
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- `max_steps`: -1
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- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
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- `lr_scheduler_type`: linear
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- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: None
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- `warmup_steps`: 0.1
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- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
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- `optim_args`: None
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- `weight_decay`: 0.0
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- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
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- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
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- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
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- `optim_target_modules`: None
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- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 4
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- `average_tokens_across_devices`: True
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- `max_grad_norm`: 1.0
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- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
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- `bf16`: False
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- `fp16`: True
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- `bf16_full_eval`: False
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- `fp16_full_eval`: False
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- `tf32`: None
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- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
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- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
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- `torch_compile`: False
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- `torch_compile_backend`: None
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- `torch_compile_mode`: None
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- `use_liger_kernel`: False
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- `liger_kernel_config`: None
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- `use_cache`: False
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- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
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- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
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- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
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- `log_on_each_node`: True
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- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
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- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: no
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- `log_level`: passive
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- `log_level_replica`: warning
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- `disable_tqdm`: False
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- `project`: huggingface
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- `trackio_space_id`: None
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- `trackio_bucket_id`: None
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- `trackio_static_space_id`: None
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- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 8
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- `prediction_loss_only`: True
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- `eval_on_start`: False
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- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
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- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
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- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
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- `include_for_metrics`: []
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- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
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- `save_only_model`: False
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- `save_on_each_node`: False
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- `enable_jit_checkpoint`: False
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- `push_to_hub`: False
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- `hub_private_repo`: None
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- `hub_model_id`: None
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- `hub_strategy`: every_save
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- `hub_always_push`: False
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- `hub_revision`: None
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- `load_best_model_at_end`: False
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- `ignore_data_skip`: False
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- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
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- `full_determinism`: False
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- `seed`: 42
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- `data_seed`: None
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- `use_cpu`: False
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- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
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- `parallelism_config`: None
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- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
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- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
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- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
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- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
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- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
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- `dataloader_multiprocessing_context`: None
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- `dataloader_in_order`: True
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- `remove_unused_columns`: True
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- `label_names`: None
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- `train_sampling_strategy`: random
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- `length_column_name`: length
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- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
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- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
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- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
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- `ddp_static_graph`: None
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- `ddp_backend`: None
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- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
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- `fsdp`: None
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- `fsdp_config`: None
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- `deepspeed`: None
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- `debug`: []
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- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
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- `do_predict`: False
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- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
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- `local_rank`: -1
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- `prompts`: None
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- `batch_sampler`: batch_sampler
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- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional
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- `router_mapping`: {}
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- `learning_rate_mapping`: {}
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- `warmup_ratio`: None
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</details>
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### Training Logs
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| Epoch | Step | Training Loss |
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| 0.16 | 50 | 28.0752 |
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| 0.32 | 100 | 24.7668 |
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| 0.48 | 150 | 21.0055 |
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### Training Time
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- **Training**: 5.1 minutes
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### Framework Versions
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- Python: 3.13.15
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- Sentence Transformers: 5.7.0
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- Transformers: 5.16.1
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- PyTorch: 2.11.0+cu128
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- Accelerate: 1.14.0
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- Datasets: 4.8.5
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- Tokenizers: 0.23.1
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## Additional Resources
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- [Training and Finetuning Embedding Models with Sentence Transformers](https://huggingface.co/blog/train-sentence-transformers): the end-to-end guide for training or finetuning Sentence Transformer models.
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- [Introduction to Matryoshka Embedding Models](https://huggingface.co/blog/matryoshka): variable-size embeddings that can be truncated with minimal quality loss.
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- [Binary and Scalar Embedding Quantization for Significantly Faster & Cheaper Retrieval](https://huggingface.co/blog/embedding-quantization): post-training compression of embedding vectors.
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- [Multimodal Embedding & Reranker Models with Sentence Transformers](https://huggingface.co/blog/multimodal-sentence-transformers): use text, image, audio, and video models through the same API.
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- [Training and Finetuning Multimodal Embedding & Reranker Models with Sentence Transformers](https://huggingface.co/blog/train-multimodal-sentence-transformers): train multimodal embedding models, with a Visual Document Retrieval walkthrough.
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## Citation
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### BibTeX
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#### Sentence Transformers
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```bibtex
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@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
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title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
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author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
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booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
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month = "11",
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year = "2019",
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publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
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url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
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}
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```
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pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
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library_name: sentence-transformers
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---
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# KielEmbed-Code
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A specialized dense embedding model fine-tuned from `microsoft/codebert-base` for code and text representation.
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This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model fine-tuned from [microsoft/codebert-base](https://huggingface.co/microsoft/codebert-base). It maps sentences and code blocks into a 768-dimensional dense vector space optimized for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, and clustering tasks.
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## Model Details
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### Model Description
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- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer / Dense Embedding Backbone
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- **Base Model:** [microsoft/codebert-base](https://huggingface.co/microsoft/codebert-base)
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- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
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- **Output Dimensionality:** 768 dimensions
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- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
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- **Supported Modality:** Text & Code
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### Model Sources
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- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
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- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/huggingface/sentence-transformers)
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- **Hugging Face Hub:** [kiel/KielEmbed-Code](https://huggingface.co/kiel/KielEmbed-Code)
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### Full Model Architecture
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```text
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SentenceTransformer(
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(0): Transformer({'transformer_task': 'feature-extraction', 'modality_config': {'text': {'method': 'forward', 'method_output_name': 'last_hidden_state'}}, 'module_output_name': 'token_embeddings', 'architecture': 'RobertaModel'})
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(1): Pooling({'embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode': 'mean', 'include_prompt': True})
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)
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UsageDirect Usage (Sentence Transformers)First, install the Sentence Transformers library:Bashpip install -U sentence-transformers
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Then load your model and run inference:Pythonfrom sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
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# Load your custom fine-tuned CodeBERT model from the Hugging Face Hub
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model = SentenceTransformer("kiel/KielEmbed-Code")
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# Run inference
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sentences = [
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'" Any decision on Charleroi will have huge implications for regional airports in France , " he said .',
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# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
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similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
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print(similarities)
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+
Training DetailsTraining DatasetKiel Code & Semantic CorpusSize: 10,000 training samplesColumns: text1, text2, and labelApproximate Token Statistics (First 100 samples):Text 1: Min: 12 tokens | Mean: 27.7 tokens | Max: 41 tokensText 2: Min: 15 tokens | Mean: 27.64 tokens | Max: 46 tokensLabel Distribution: Class 0 (~34.62%), Class 1 (~65.38%)Loss Function: CosineSimilarityLoss with parameters:JSON{
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| 108 |
+
"loss_fct": "torch.nn.modules.loss.MSELoss",
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| 109 |
+
"cos_score_transformation": "torch.nn.modules.linear.Identity"
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| 110 |
+
}
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| 111 |
+
Training HyperparametersPer Device Train Batch Size: 8Gradient Accumulation Steps: 4 (Effective batch size = 32)Learning Rate: 2e-05Number of Epochs: 1Warmup Steps: 0.1Mixed Precision: FP16 EnabledOptimizer: adamw_torch_fusedTraining LogsEpochStepTraining Loss0.165028.07520.3210024.76680.4815021.00550.6420026.55380.825026.06000.9630026.3027Total Training Time: 5.1 minutesFramework VersionsPython: 3.13.15Sentence Transformers: 5.7.0Transformers: 5.16.1PyTorch: 2.11.0+cu128Accelerate: 1.14.0Datasets: 4.8.5Tokenizers: 0.23.1Additional ResourcesTraining and Finetuning Embedding Models with Sentence Transformers: End-to-end guide for fine-tuning Sentence Transformer models.CitationBibTeXCode snippet@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
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|
| 112 |
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
|
| 113 |
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
|
| 114 |
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
|
| 115 |
month = "11",
|
| 116 |
year = "2019",
|
| 117 |
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
|
| 118 |
+
url = "[https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084](https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084)",
|
| 119 |
}
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