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@@ -181,3 +181,5 @@ tuning-competition-baseline/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/torch/_inductor/_
 .venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ray/rllib/env/__pycache__/multi_agent_episode.cpython-311.pyc filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 .venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ray/tune/execution/__pycache__/tune_controller.cpython-311.pyc filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
 .venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ray/thirdparty_files/psutil/_psutil_linux.abi3.so filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ray/core/src/ray/gcs/gcs_server filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
+.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ray/thirdparty_files/psutil/__pycache__/_pslinux.cpython-311.pyc filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+
+__all__ = ["__version__", "version_tuple"]
+
+try:
+    from ._version import version as __version__
+    from ._version import version_tuple
+except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+    # broken installation, we don't even try
+    # unknown only works because we do poor mans version compare
+    __version__ = "unknown"
+    version_tuple = (0, 0, "unknown")

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_code/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""Python inspection/code generation API."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .code import Code
+from .code import ExceptionInfo
+from .code import filter_traceback
+from .code import Frame
+from .code import getfslineno
+from .code import Traceback
+from .code import TracebackEntry
+from .source import getrawcode
+from .source import Source
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Code",
+    "ExceptionInfo",
+    "filter_traceback",
+    "Frame",
+    "getfslineno",
+    "getrawcode",
+    "Traceback",
+    "TracebackEntry",
+    "Source",
+]

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_code/code.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1409 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ast
+import dataclasses
+import inspect
+from inspect import CO_VARARGS
+from inspect import CO_VARKEYWORDS
+from io import StringIO
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import sys
+import traceback
+from traceback import format_exception_only
+from types import CodeType
+from types import FrameType
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import ClassVar
+from typing import Final
+from typing import final
+from typing import Generic
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import List
+from typing import Literal
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Pattern
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import SupportsIndex
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Union
+
+import pluggy
+
+import _pytest
+from _pytest._code.source import findsource
+from _pytest._code.source import getrawcode
+from _pytest._code.source import getstatementrange_ast
+from _pytest._code.source import Source
+from _pytest._io import TerminalWriter
+from _pytest._io.saferepr import safeformat
+from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr
+from _pytest.compat import get_real_func
+from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
+from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
+
+TracebackStyle = Literal["long", "short", "line", "no", "native", "value", "auto"]
+
+EXCEPTION_OR_MORE = Union[Type[BaseException], Tuple[Type[BaseException], ...]]
+
+
+class Code:
+    """Wrapper around Python code objects."""
+
+    __slots__ = ("raw",)
+
+    def __init__(self, obj: CodeType) -> None:
+        self.raw = obj
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_function(cls, obj: object) -> Code:
+        return cls(getrawcode(obj))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.raw == other.raw
+
+    # Ignore type because of https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/4266.
+    __hash__ = None  # type: ignore
+
+    @property
+    def firstlineno(self) -> int:
+        return self.raw.co_firstlineno - 1
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        return self.raw.co_name
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> Path | str:
+        """Return a path object pointing to source code, or an ``str`` in
+        case of ``OSError`` / non-existing file."""
+        if not self.raw.co_filename:
+            return ""
+        try:
+            p = absolutepath(self.raw.co_filename)
+            # maybe don't try this checking
+            if not p.exists():
+                raise OSError("path check failed.")
+            return p
+        except OSError:
+            # XXX maybe try harder like the weird logic
+            # in the standard lib [linecache.updatecache] does?
+            return self.raw.co_filename
+
+    @property
+    def fullsource(self) -> Source | None:
+        """Return a _pytest._code.Source object for the full source file of the code."""
+        full, _ = findsource(self.raw)
+        return full
+
+    def source(self) -> Source:
+        """Return a _pytest._code.Source object for the code object's source only."""
+        # return source only for that part of code
+        return Source(self.raw)
+
+    def getargs(self, var: bool = False) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+        """Return a tuple with the argument names for the code object.
+
+        If 'var' is set True also return the names of the variable and
+        keyword arguments when present.
+        """
+        # Handy shortcut for getting args.
+        raw = self.raw
+        argcount = raw.co_argcount
+        if var:
+            argcount += raw.co_flags & CO_VARARGS
+            argcount += raw.co_flags & CO_VARKEYWORDS
+        return raw.co_varnames[:argcount]
+
+
+class Frame:
+    """Wrapper around a Python frame holding f_locals and f_globals
+    in which expressions can be evaluated."""
+
+    __slots__ = ("raw",)
+
+    def __init__(self, frame: FrameType) -> None:
+        self.raw = frame
+
+    @property
+    def lineno(self) -> int:
+        return self.raw.f_lineno - 1
+
+    @property
+    def f_globals(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.raw.f_globals
+
+    @property
+    def f_locals(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return self.raw.f_locals
+
+    @property
+    def code(self) -> Code:
+        return Code(self.raw.f_code)
+
+    @property
+    def statement(self) -> Source:
+        """Statement this frame is at."""
+        if self.code.fullsource is None:
+            return Source("")
+        return self.code.fullsource.getstatement(self.lineno)
+
+    def eval(self, code, **vars):
+        """Evaluate 'code' in the frame.
+
+        'vars' are optional additional local variables.
+
+        Returns the result of the evaluation.
+        """
+        f_locals = self.f_locals.copy()
+        f_locals.update(vars)
+        return eval(code, self.f_globals, f_locals)
+
+    def repr(self, object: object) -> str:
+        """Return a 'safe' (non-recursive, one-line) string repr for 'object'."""
+        return saferepr(object)
+
+    def getargs(self, var: bool = False):
+        """Return a list of tuples (name, value) for all arguments.
+
+        If 'var' is set True, also include the variable and keyword arguments
+        when present.
+        """
+        retval = []
+        for arg in self.code.getargs(var):
+            try:
+                retval.append((arg, self.f_locals[arg]))
+            except KeyError:
+                pass  # this can occur when using Psyco
+        return retval
+
+
+class TracebackEntry:
+    """A single entry in a Traceback."""
+
+    __slots__ = ("_rawentry", "_repr_style")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        rawentry: TracebackType,
+        repr_style: Literal["short", "long"] | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._rawentry: Final = rawentry
+        self._repr_style: Final = repr_style
+
+    def with_repr_style(
+        self, repr_style: Literal["short", "long"] | None
+    ) -> TracebackEntry:
+        return TracebackEntry(self._rawentry, repr_style)
+
+    @property
+    def lineno(self) -> int:
+        return self._rawentry.tb_lineno - 1
+
+    @property
+    def frame(self) -> Frame:
+        return Frame(self._rawentry.tb_frame)
+
+    @property
+    def relline(self) -> int:
+        return self.lineno - self.frame.code.firstlineno
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<TracebackEntry %s:%d>" % (self.frame.code.path, self.lineno + 1)
+
+    @property
+    def statement(self) -> Source:
+        """_pytest._code.Source object for the current statement."""
+        source = self.frame.code.fullsource
+        assert source is not None
+        return source.getstatement(self.lineno)
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> Path | str:
+        """Path to the source code."""
+        return self.frame.code.path
+
+    @property
+    def locals(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Locals of underlying frame."""
+        return self.frame.f_locals
+
+    def getfirstlinesource(self) -> int:
+        return self.frame.code.firstlineno
+
+    def getsource(
+        self, astcache: dict[str | Path, ast.AST] | None = None
+    ) -> Source | None:
+        """Return failing source code."""
+        # we use the passed in astcache to not reparse asttrees
+        # within exception info printing
+        source = self.frame.code.fullsource
+        if source is None:
+            return None
+        key = astnode = None
+        if astcache is not None:
+            key = self.frame.code.path
+            if key is not None:
+                astnode = astcache.get(key, None)
+        start = self.getfirstlinesource()
+        try:
+            astnode, _, end = getstatementrange_ast(
+                self.lineno, source, astnode=astnode
+            )
+        except SyntaxError:
+            end = self.lineno + 1
+        else:
+            if key is not None and astcache is not None:
+                astcache[key] = astnode
+        return source[start:end]
+
+    source = property(getsource)
+
+    def ishidden(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None) -> bool:
+        """Return True if the current frame has a var __tracebackhide__
+        resolving to True.
+
+        If __tracebackhide__ is a callable, it gets called with the
+        ExceptionInfo instance and can decide whether to hide the traceback.
+
+        Mostly for internal use.
+        """
+        tbh: bool | Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None], bool] = False
+        for maybe_ns_dct in (self.frame.f_locals, self.frame.f_globals):
+            # in normal cases, f_locals and f_globals are dictionaries
+            # however via `exec(...)` / `eval(...)` they can be other types
+            # (even incorrect types!).
+            # as such, we suppress all exceptions while accessing __tracebackhide__
+            try:
+                tbh = maybe_ns_dct["__tracebackhide__"]
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+            else:
+                break
+        if tbh and callable(tbh):
+            return tbh(excinfo)
+        return tbh
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        name = self.frame.code.name
+        try:
+            line = str(self.statement).lstrip()
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            raise
+        except BaseException:
+            line = "???"
+        # This output does not quite match Python's repr for traceback entries,
+        # but changing it to do so would break certain plugins.  See
+        # https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/pull/7535/ for details.
+        return "  File %r:%d in %s\n  %s\n" % (
+            str(self.path),
+            self.lineno + 1,
+            name,
+            line,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """co_name of underlying code."""
+        return self.frame.code.raw.co_name
+
+
+class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
+    """Traceback objects encapsulate and offer higher level access to Traceback entries."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        tb: TracebackType | Iterable[TracebackEntry],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Initialize from given python traceback object and ExceptionInfo."""
+        if isinstance(tb, TracebackType):
+
+            def f(cur: TracebackType) -> Iterable[TracebackEntry]:
+                cur_: TracebackType | None = cur
+                while cur_ is not None:
+                    yield TracebackEntry(cur_)
+                    cur_ = cur_.tb_next
+
+            super().__init__(f(tb))
+        else:
+            super().__init__(tb)
+
+    def cut(
+        self,
+        path: os.PathLike[str] | str | None = None,
+        lineno: int | None = None,
+        firstlineno: int | None = None,
+        excludepath: os.PathLike[str] | None = None,
+    ) -> Traceback:
+        """Return a Traceback instance wrapping part of this Traceback.
+
+        By providing any combination of path, lineno and firstlineno, the
+        first frame to start the to-be-returned traceback is determined.
+
+        This allows cutting the first part of a Traceback instance e.g.
+        for formatting reasons (removing some uninteresting bits that deal
+        with handling of the exception/traceback).
+        """
+        path_ = None if path is None else os.fspath(path)
+        excludepath_ = None if excludepath is None else os.fspath(excludepath)
+        for x in self:
+            code = x.frame.code
+            codepath = code.path
+            if path is not None and str(codepath) != path_:
+                continue
+            if (
+                excludepath is not None
+                and isinstance(codepath, Path)
+                and excludepath_ in (str(p) for p in codepath.parents)  # type: ignore[operator]
+            ):
+                continue
+            if lineno is not None and x.lineno != lineno:
+                continue
+            if firstlineno is not None and x.frame.code.firstlineno != firstlineno:
+                continue
+            return Traceback(x._rawentry)
+        return self
+
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: SupportsIndex) -> TracebackEntry: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> Traceback: ...
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: SupportsIndex | slice) -> TracebackEntry | Traceback:
+        if isinstance(key, slice):
+            return self.__class__(super().__getitem__(key))
+        else:
+            return super().__getitem__(key)
+
+    def filter(
+        self,
+        excinfo_or_fn: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | Callable[[TracebackEntry], bool],
+        /,
+    ) -> Traceback:
+        """Return a Traceback instance with certain items removed.
+
+        If the filter is an `ExceptionInfo`, removes all the ``TracebackEntry``s
+        which are hidden (see ishidden() above).
+
+        Otherwise, the filter is a function that gets a single argument, a
+        ``TracebackEntry`` instance, and should return True when the item should
+        be added to the ``Traceback``, False when not.
+        """
+        if isinstance(excinfo_or_fn, ExceptionInfo):
+            fn = lambda x: not x.ishidden(excinfo_or_fn)  # noqa: E731
+        else:
+            fn = excinfo_or_fn
+        return Traceback(filter(fn, self))
+
+    def recursionindex(self) -> int | None:
+        """Return the index of the frame/TracebackEntry where recursion originates if
+        appropriate, None if no recursion occurred."""
+        cache: dict[tuple[Any, int, int], list[dict[str, Any]]] = {}
+        for i, entry in enumerate(self):
+            # id for the code.raw is needed to work around
+            # the strange metaprogramming in the decorator lib from pypi
+            # which generates code objects that have hash/value equality
+            # XXX needs a test
+            key = entry.frame.code.path, id(entry.frame.code.raw), entry.lineno
+            values = cache.setdefault(key, [])
+            # Since Python 3.13 f_locals is a proxy, freeze it.
+            loc = dict(entry.frame.f_locals)
+            if values:
+                for otherloc in values:
+                    if otherloc == loc:
+                        return i
+            values.append(loc)
+        return None
+
+
+E = TypeVar("E", bound=BaseException, covariant=True)
+
+
+@final
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class ExceptionInfo(Generic[E]):
+    """Wraps sys.exc_info() objects and offers help for navigating the traceback."""
+
+    _assert_start_repr: ClassVar = "AssertionError('assert "
+
+    _excinfo: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType] | None
+    _striptext: str
+    _traceback: Traceback | None
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        excinfo: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType] | None,
+        striptext: str = "",
+        traceback: Traceback | None = None,
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        self._excinfo = excinfo
+        self._striptext = striptext
+        self._traceback = traceback
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_exception(
+        cls,
+        # Ignoring error: "Cannot use a covariant type variable as a parameter".
+        # This is OK to ignore because this class is (conceptually) readonly.
+        # See https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/7049.
+        exception: E,  # type: ignore[misc]
+        exprinfo: str | None = None,
+    ) -> ExceptionInfo[E]:
+        """Return an ExceptionInfo for an existing exception.
+
+        The exception must have a non-``None`` ``__traceback__`` attribute,
+        otherwise this function fails with an assertion error. This means that
+        the exception must have been raised, or added a traceback with the
+        :py:meth:`~BaseException.with_traceback()` method.
+
+        :param exprinfo:
+            A text string helping to determine if we should strip
+            ``AssertionError`` from the output. Defaults to the exception
+            message/``__str__()``.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 7.4
+        """
+        assert exception.__traceback__, (
+            "Exceptions passed to ExcInfo.from_exception(...)"
+            " must have a non-None __traceback__."
+        )
+        exc_info = (type(exception), exception, exception.__traceback__)
+        return cls.from_exc_info(exc_info, exprinfo)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_exc_info(
+        cls,
+        exc_info: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType],
+        exprinfo: str | None = None,
+    ) -> ExceptionInfo[E]:
+        """Like :func:`from_exception`, but using old-style exc_info tuple."""
+        _striptext = ""
+        if exprinfo is None and isinstance(exc_info[1], AssertionError):
+            exprinfo = getattr(exc_info[1], "msg", None)
+            if exprinfo is None:
+                exprinfo = saferepr(exc_info[1])
+            if exprinfo and exprinfo.startswith(cls._assert_start_repr):
+                _striptext = "AssertionError: "
+
+        return cls(exc_info, _striptext, _ispytest=True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_current(cls, exprinfo: str | None = None) -> ExceptionInfo[BaseException]:
+        """Return an ExceptionInfo matching the current traceback.
+
+        .. warning::
+
+            Experimental API
+
+        :param exprinfo:
+            A text string helping to determine if we should strip
+            ``AssertionError`` from the output. Defaults to the exception
+            message/``__str__()``.
+        """
+        tup = sys.exc_info()
+        assert tup[0] is not None, "no current exception"
+        assert tup[1] is not None, "no current exception"
+        assert tup[2] is not None, "no current exception"
+        exc_info = (tup[0], tup[1], tup[2])
+        return ExceptionInfo.from_exc_info(exc_info, exprinfo)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def for_later(cls) -> ExceptionInfo[E]:
+        """Return an unfilled ExceptionInfo."""
+        return cls(None, _ispytest=True)
+
+    def fill_unfilled(self, exc_info: tuple[type[E], E, TracebackType]) -> None:
+        """Fill an unfilled ExceptionInfo created with ``for_later()``."""
+        assert self._excinfo is None, "ExceptionInfo was already filled"
+        self._excinfo = exc_info
+
+    @property
+    def type(self) -> type[E]:
+        """The exception class."""
+        assert (
+            self._excinfo is not None
+        ), ".type can only be used after the context manager exits"
+        return self._excinfo[0]
+
+    @property
+    def value(self) -> E:
+        """The exception value."""
+        assert (
+            self._excinfo is not None
+        ), ".value can only be used after the context manager exits"
+        return self._excinfo[1]
+
+    @property
+    def tb(self) -> TracebackType:
+        """The exception raw traceback."""
+        assert (
+            self._excinfo is not None
+        ), ".tb can only be used after the context manager exits"
+        return self._excinfo[2]
+
+    @property
+    def typename(self) -> str:
+        """The type name of the exception."""
+        assert (
+            self._excinfo is not None
+        ), ".typename can only be used after the context manager exits"
+        return self.type.__name__
+
+    @property
+    def traceback(self) -> Traceback:
+        """The traceback."""
+        if self._traceback is None:
+            self._traceback = Traceback(self.tb)
+        return self._traceback
+
+    @traceback.setter
+    def traceback(self, value: Traceback) -> None:
+        self._traceback = value
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self._excinfo is None:
+            return "<ExceptionInfo for raises contextmanager>"
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {saferepr(self._excinfo[1])} tblen={len(self.traceback)}>"
+
+    def exconly(self, tryshort: bool = False) -> str:
+        """Return the exception as a string.
+
+        When 'tryshort' resolves to True, and the exception is an
+        AssertionError, only the actual exception part of the exception
+        representation is returned (so 'AssertionError: ' is removed from
+        the beginning).
+        """
+        lines = format_exception_only(self.type, self.value)
+        text = "".join(lines)
+        text = text.rstrip()
+        if tryshort:
+            if text.startswith(self._striptext):
+                text = text[len(self._striptext) :]
+        return text
+
+    def errisinstance(self, exc: EXCEPTION_OR_MORE) -> bool:
+        """Return True if the exception is an instance of exc.
+
+        Consider using ``isinstance(excinfo.value, exc)`` instead.
+        """
+        return isinstance(self.value, exc)
+
+    def _getreprcrash(self) -> ReprFileLocation | None:
+        # Find last non-hidden traceback entry that led to the exception of the
+        # traceback, or None if all hidden.
+        for i in range(-1, -len(self.traceback) - 1, -1):
+            entry = self.traceback[i]
+            if not entry.ishidden(self):
+                path, lineno = entry.frame.code.raw.co_filename, entry.lineno
+                exconly = self.exconly(tryshort=True)
+                return ReprFileLocation(path, lineno + 1, exconly)
+        return None
+
+    def getrepr(
+        self,
+        showlocals: bool = False,
+        style: TracebackStyle = "long",
+        abspath: bool = False,
+        tbfilter: bool
+        | Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]], _pytest._code.code.Traceback] = True,
+        funcargs: bool = False,
+        truncate_locals: bool = True,
+        truncate_args: bool = True,
+        chain: bool = True,
+    ) -> ReprExceptionInfo | ExceptionChainRepr:
+        """Return str()able representation of this exception info.
+
+        :param bool showlocals:
+            Show locals per traceback entry.
+            Ignored if ``style=="native"``.
+
+        :param str style:
+            long|short|line|no|native|value traceback style.
+
+        :param bool abspath:
+            If paths should be changed to absolute or left unchanged.
+
+        :param tbfilter:
+            A filter for traceback entries.
+
+            * If false, don't hide any entries.
+            * If true, hide internal entries and entries that contain a local
+              variable ``__tracebackhide__ = True``.
+            * If a callable, delegates the filtering to the callable.
+
+            Ignored if ``style`` is ``"native"``.
+
+        :param bool funcargs:
+            Show fixtures ("funcargs" for legacy purposes) per traceback entry.
+
+        :param bool truncate_locals:
+            With ``showlocals==True``, make sure locals can be safely represented as strings.
+
+        :param bool truncate_args:
+            With ``showargs==True``, make sure args can be safely represented as strings.
+
+        :param bool chain:
+            If chained exceptions in Python 3 should be shown.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.9
+
+            Added the ``chain`` parameter.
+        """
+        if style == "native":
+            return ReprExceptionInfo(
+                reprtraceback=ReprTracebackNative(
+                    traceback.format_exception(
+                        self.type,
+                        self.value,
+                        self.traceback[0]._rawentry if self.traceback else None,
+                    )
+                ),
+                reprcrash=self._getreprcrash(),
+            )
+
+        fmt = FormattedExcinfo(
+            showlocals=showlocals,
+            style=style,
+            abspath=abspath,
+            tbfilter=tbfilter,
+            funcargs=funcargs,
+            truncate_locals=truncate_locals,
+            truncate_args=truncate_args,
+            chain=chain,
+        )
+        return fmt.repr_excinfo(self)
+
+    def _stringify_exception(self, exc: BaseException) -> str:
+        try:
+            notes = getattr(exc, "__notes__", [])
+        except KeyError:
+            # Workaround for https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/98778 on
+            # Python <= 3.9, and some 3.10 and 3.11 patch versions.
+            HTTPError = getattr(sys.modules.get("urllib.error", None), "HTTPError", ())
+            if sys.version_info < (3, 12) and isinstance(exc, HTTPError):
+                notes = []
+            else:
+                raise
+
+        return "\n".join(
+            [
+                str(exc),
+                *notes,
+            ]
+        )
+
+    def match(self, regexp: str | Pattern[str]) -> Literal[True]:
+        """Check whether the regular expression `regexp` matches the string
+        representation of the exception using :func:`python:re.search`.
+
+        If it matches `True` is returned, otherwise an `AssertionError` is raised.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        value = self._stringify_exception(self.value)
+        msg = f"Regex pattern did not match.\n Regex: {regexp!r}\n Input: {value!r}"
+        if regexp == value:
+            msg += "\n Did you mean to `re.escape()` the regex?"
+        assert re.search(regexp, value), msg
+        # Return True to allow for "assert excinfo.match()".
+        return True
+
+    def _group_contains(
+        self,
+        exc_group: BaseExceptionGroup[BaseException],
+        expected_exception: EXCEPTION_OR_MORE,
+        match: str | Pattern[str] | None,
+        target_depth: int | None = None,
+        current_depth: int = 1,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Return `True` if a `BaseExceptionGroup` contains a matching exception."""
+        if (target_depth is not None) and (current_depth > target_depth):
+            # already descended past the target depth
+            return False
+        for exc in exc_group.exceptions:
+            if isinstance(exc, BaseExceptionGroup):
+                if self._group_contains(
+                    exc, expected_exception, match, target_depth, current_depth + 1
+                ):
+                    return True
+            if (target_depth is not None) and (current_depth != target_depth):
+                # not at the target depth, no match
+                continue
+            if not isinstance(exc, expected_exception):
+                continue
+            if match is not None:
+                value = self._stringify_exception(exc)
+                if not re.search(match, value):
+                    continue
+            return True
+        return False
+
+    def group_contains(
+        self,
+        expected_exception: EXCEPTION_OR_MORE,
+        *,
+        match: str | Pattern[str] | None = None,
+        depth: int | None = None,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Check whether a captured exception group contains a matching exception.
+
+        :param Type[BaseException] | Tuple[Type[BaseException]] expected_exception:
+            The expected exception type, or a tuple if one of multiple possible
+            exception types are expected.
+
+        :param str | Pattern[str] | None match:
+            If specified, a string containing a regular expression,
+            or a regular expression object, that is tested against the string
+            representation of the exception and its `PEP-678 <https://peps.python.org/pep-0678/>` `__notes__`
+            using :func:`re.search`.
+
+            To match a literal string that may contain :ref:`special characters
+            <re-syntax>`, the pattern can first be escaped with :func:`re.escape`.
+
+        :param Optional[int] depth:
+            If `None`, will search for a matching exception at any nesting depth.
+            If >= 1, will only match an exception if it's at the specified depth (depth = 1 being
+            the exceptions contained within the topmost exception group).
+
+        .. versionadded:: 8.0
+        """
+        msg = "Captured exception is not an instance of `BaseExceptionGroup`"
+        assert isinstance(self.value, BaseExceptionGroup), msg
+        msg = "`depth` must be >= 1 if specified"
+        assert (depth is None) or (depth >= 1), msg
+        return self._group_contains(self.value, expected_exception, match, depth)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class FormattedExcinfo:
+    """Presenting information about failing Functions and Generators."""
+
+    # for traceback entries
+    flow_marker: ClassVar = ">"
+    fail_marker: ClassVar = "E"
+
+    showlocals: bool = False
+    style: TracebackStyle = "long"
+    abspath: bool = True
+    tbfilter: bool | Callable[[ExceptionInfo[BaseException]], Traceback] = True
+    funcargs: bool = False
+    truncate_locals: bool = True
+    truncate_args: bool = True
+    chain: bool = True
+    astcache: dict[str | Path, ast.AST] = dataclasses.field(
+        default_factory=dict, init=False, repr=False
+    )
+
+    def _getindent(self, source: Source) -> int:
+        # Figure out indent for the given source.
+        try:
+            s = str(source.getstatement(len(source) - 1))
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            raise
+        except BaseException:
+            try:
+                s = str(source[-1])
+            except KeyboardInterrupt:
+                raise
+            except BaseException:
+                return 0
+        return 4 + (len(s) - len(s.lstrip()))
+
+    def _getentrysource(self, entry: TracebackEntry) -> Source | None:
+        source = entry.getsource(self.astcache)
+        if source is not None:
+            source = source.deindent()
+        return source
+
+    def repr_args(self, entry: TracebackEntry) -> ReprFuncArgs | None:
+        if self.funcargs:
+            args = []
+            for argname, argvalue in entry.frame.getargs(var=True):
+                if self.truncate_args:
+                    str_repr = saferepr(argvalue)
+                else:
+                    str_repr = saferepr(argvalue, maxsize=None)
+                args.append((argname, str_repr))
+            return ReprFuncArgs(args)
+        return None
+
+    def get_source(
+        self,
+        source: Source | None,
+        line_index: int = -1,
+        excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None = None,
+        short: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[str]:
+        """Return formatted and marked up source lines."""
+        lines = []
+        if source is not None and line_index < 0:
+            line_index += len(source)
+        if source is None or line_index >= len(source.lines) or line_index < 0:
+            # `line_index` could still be outside `range(len(source.lines))` if
+            # we're processing AST with pathological position attributes.
+            source = Source("???")
+            line_index = 0
+        space_prefix = "    "
+        if short:
+            lines.append(space_prefix + source.lines[line_index].strip())
+        else:
+            for line in source.lines[:line_index]:
+                lines.append(space_prefix + line)
+            lines.append(self.flow_marker + "   " + source.lines[line_index])
+            for line in source.lines[line_index + 1 :]:
+                lines.append(space_prefix + line)
+        if excinfo is not None:
+            indent = 4 if short else self._getindent(source)
+            lines.extend(self.get_exconly(excinfo, indent=indent, markall=True))
+        return lines
+
+    def get_exconly(
+        self,
+        excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException],
+        indent: int = 4,
+        markall: bool = False,
+    ) -> list[str]:
+        lines = []
+        indentstr = " " * indent
+        # Get the real exception information out.
+        exlines = excinfo.exconly(tryshort=True).split("\n")
+        failindent = self.fail_marker + indentstr[1:]
+        for line in exlines:
+            lines.append(failindent + line)
+            if not markall:
+                failindent = indentstr
+        return lines
+
+    def repr_locals(self, locals: Mapping[str, object]) -> ReprLocals | None:
+        if self.showlocals:
+            lines = []
+            keys = [loc for loc in locals if loc[0] != "@"]
+            keys.sort()
+            for name in keys:
+                value = locals[name]
+                if name == "__builtins__":
+                    lines.append("__builtins__ = <builtins>")
+                else:
+                    # This formatting could all be handled by the
+                    # _repr() function, which is only reprlib.Repr in
+                    # disguise, so is very configurable.
+                    if self.truncate_locals:
+                        str_repr = saferepr(value)
+                    else:
+                        str_repr = safeformat(value)
+                    # if len(str_repr) < 70 or not isinstance(value, (list, tuple, dict)):
+                    lines.append(f"{name:<10} = {str_repr}")
+                    # else:
+                    #    self._line("%-10s =\\" % (name,))
+                    #    # XXX
+                    #    pprint.pprint(value, stream=self.excinfowriter)
+            return ReprLocals(lines)
+        return None
+
+    def repr_traceback_entry(
+        self,
+        entry: TracebackEntry | None,
+        excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None = None,
+    ) -> ReprEntry:
+        lines: list[str] = []
+        style = (
+            entry._repr_style
+            if entry is not None and entry._repr_style is not None
+            else self.style
+        )
+        if style in ("short", "long") and entry is not None:
+            source = self._getentrysource(entry)
+            if source is None:
+                source = Source("???")
+                line_index = 0
+            else:
+                line_index = entry.lineno - entry.getfirstlinesource()
+            short = style == "short"
+            reprargs = self.repr_args(entry) if not short else None
+            s = self.get_source(source, line_index, excinfo, short=short)
+            lines.extend(s)
+            if short:
+                message = f"in {entry.name}"
+            else:
+                message = excinfo and excinfo.typename or ""
+            entry_path = entry.path
+            path = self._makepath(entry_path)
+            reprfileloc = ReprFileLocation(path, entry.lineno + 1, message)
+            localsrepr = self.repr_locals(entry.locals)
+            return ReprEntry(lines, reprargs, localsrepr, reprfileloc, style)
+        elif style == "value":
+            if excinfo:
+                lines.extend(str(excinfo.value).split("\n"))
+            return ReprEntry(lines, None, None, None, style)
+        else:
+            if excinfo:
+                lines.extend(self.get_exconly(excinfo, indent=4))
+            return ReprEntry(lines, None, None, None, style)
+
+    def _makepath(self, path: Path | str) -> str:
+        if not self.abspath and isinstance(path, Path):
+            try:
+                np = bestrelpath(Path.cwd(), path)
+            except OSError:
+                return str(path)
+            if len(np) < len(str(path)):
+                return np
+        return str(path)
+
+    def repr_traceback(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> ReprTraceback:
+        traceback = excinfo.traceback
+        if callable(self.tbfilter):
+            traceback = self.tbfilter(excinfo)
+        elif self.tbfilter:
+            traceback = traceback.filter(excinfo)
+
+        if isinstance(excinfo.value, RecursionError):
+            traceback, extraline = self._truncate_recursive_traceback(traceback)
+        else:
+            extraline = None
+
+        if not traceback:
+            if extraline is None:
+                extraline = "All traceback entries are hidden. Pass `--full-trace` to see hidden and internal frames."
+            entries = [self.repr_traceback_entry(None, excinfo)]
+            return ReprTraceback(entries, extraline, style=self.style)
+
+        last = traceback[-1]
+        if self.style == "value":
+            entries = [self.repr_traceback_entry(last, excinfo)]
+            return ReprTraceback(entries, None, style=self.style)
+
+        entries = [
+            self.repr_traceback_entry(entry, excinfo if last == entry else None)
+            for entry in traceback
+        ]
+        return ReprTraceback(entries, extraline, style=self.style)
+
+    def _truncate_recursive_traceback(
+        self, traceback: Traceback
+    ) -> tuple[Traceback, str | None]:
+        """Truncate the given recursive traceback trying to find the starting
+        point of the recursion.
+
+        The detection is done by going through each traceback entry and
+        finding the point in which the locals of the frame are equal to the
+        locals of a previous frame (see ``recursionindex()``).
+
+        Handle the situation where the recursion process might raise an
+        exception (for example comparing numpy arrays using equality raises a
+        TypeError), in which case we do our best to warn the user of the
+        error and show a limited traceback.
+        """
+        try:
+            recursionindex = traceback.recursionindex()
+        except Exception as e:
+            max_frames = 10
+            extraline: str | None = (
+                "!!! Recursion error detected, but an error occurred locating the origin of recursion.\n"
+                "  The following exception happened when comparing locals in the stack frame:\n"
+                f"    {type(e).__name__}: {e!s}\n"
+                f"  Displaying first and last {max_frames} stack frames out of {len(traceback)}."
+            )
+            # Type ignored because adding two instances of a List subtype
+            # currently incorrectly has type List instead of the subtype.
+            traceback = traceback[:max_frames] + traceback[-max_frames:]  # type: ignore
+        else:
+            if recursionindex is not None:
+                extraline = "!!! Recursion detected (same locals & position)"
+                traceback = traceback[: recursionindex + 1]
+            else:
+                extraline = None
+
+        return traceback, extraline
+
+    def repr_excinfo(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> ExceptionChainRepr:
+        repr_chain: list[tuple[ReprTraceback, ReprFileLocation | None, str | None]] = []
+        e: BaseException | None = excinfo.value
+        excinfo_: ExceptionInfo[BaseException] | None = excinfo
+        descr = None
+        seen: set[int] = set()
+        while e is not None and id(e) not in seen:
+            seen.add(id(e))
+
+            if excinfo_:
+                # Fall back to native traceback as a temporary workaround until
+                # full support for exception groups added to ExceptionInfo.
+                # See https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/9159
+                if isinstance(e, BaseExceptionGroup):
+                    reprtraceback: ReprTracebackNative | ReprTraceback = (
+                        ReprTracebackNative(
+                            traceback.format_exception(
+                                type(excinfo_.value),
+                                excinfo_.value,
+                                excinfo_.traceback[0]._rawentry,
+                            )
+                        )
+                    )
+                else:
+                    reprtraceback = self.repr_traceback(excinfo_)
+                reprcrash = excinfo_._getreprcrash()
+            else:
+                # Fallback to native repr if the exception doesn't have a traceback:
+                # ExceptionInfo objects require a full traceback to work.
+                reprtraceback = ReprTracebackNative(
+                    traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, None)
+                )
+                reprcrash = None
+            repr_chain += [(reprtraceback, reprcrash, descr)]
+
+            if e.__cause__ is not None and self.chain:
+                e = e.__cause__
+                excinfo_ = ExceptionInfo.from_exception(e) if e.__traceback__ else None
+                descr = "The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:"
+            elif (
+                e.__context__ is not None and not e.__suppress_context__ and self.chain
+            ):
+                e = e.__context__
+                excinfo_ = ExceptionInfo.from_exception(e) if e.__traceback__ else None
+                descr = "During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:"
+            else:
+                e = None
+        repr_chain.reverse()
+        return ExceptionChainRepr(repr_chain)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class TerminalRepr:
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        # FYI this is called from pytest-xdist's serialization of exception
+        # information.
+        io = StringIO()
+        tw = TerminalWriter(file=io)
+        self.toterminal(tw)
+        return io.getvalue().strip()
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__} instance at {id(self):0x}>"
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+# This class is abstract -- only subclasses are instantiated.
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ExceptionRepr(TerminalRepr):
+    # Provided by subclasses.
+    reprtraceback: ReprTraceback
+    reprcrash: ReprFileLocation | None
+    sections: list[tuple[str, str, str]] = dataclasses.field(
+        init=False, default_factory=list
+    )
+
+    def addsection(self, name: str, content: str, sep: str = "-") -> None:
+        self.sections.append((name, content, sep))
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        for name, content, sep in self.sections:
+            tw.sep(sep, name)
+            tw.line(content)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ExceptionChainRepr(ExceptionRepr):
+    chain: Sequence[tuple[ReprTraceback, ReprFileLocation | None, str | None]]
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        chain: Sequence[tuple[ReprTraceback, ReprFileLocation | None, str | None]],
+    ) -> None:
+        # reprcrash and reprtraceback of the outermost (the newest) exception
+        # in the chain.
+        super().__init__(
+            reprtraceback=chain[-1][0],
+            reprcrash=chain[-1][1],
+        )
+        self.chain = chain
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        for element in self.chain:
+            element[0].toterminal(tw)
+            if element[2] is not None:
+                tw.line("")
+                tw.line(element[2], yellow=True)
+        super().toterminal(tw)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReprExceptionInfo(ExceptionRepr):
+    reprtraceback: ReprTraceback
+    reprcrash: ReprFileLocation | None
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        self.reprtraceback.toterminal(tw)
+        super().toterminal(tw)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReprTraceback(TerminalRepr):
+    reprentries: Sequence[ReprEntry | ReprEntryNative]
+    extraline: str | None
+    style: TracebackStyle
+
+    entrysep: ClassVar = "_ "
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        # The entries might have different styles.
+        for i, entry in enumerate(self.reprentries):
+            if entry.style == "long":
+                tw.line("")
+            entry.toterminal(tw)
+            if i < len(self.reprentries) - 1:
+                next_entry = self.reprentries[i + 1]
+                if (
+                    entry.style == "long"
+                    or entry.style == "short"
+                    and next_entry.style == "long"
+                ):
+                    tw.sep(self.entrysep)
+
+        if self.extraline:
+            tw.line(self.extraline)
+
+
+class ReprTracebackNative(ReprTraceback):
+    def __init__(self, tblines: Sequence[str]) -> None:
+        self.reprentries = [ReprEntryNative(tblines)]
+        self.extraline = None
+        self.style = "native"
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReprEntryNative(TerminalRepr):
+    lines: Sequence[str]
+
+    style: ClassVar[TracebackStyle] = "native"
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        tw.write("".join(self.lines))
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReprEntry(TerminalRepr):
+    lines: Sequence[str]
+    reprfuncargs: ReprFuncArgs | None
+    reprlocals: ReprLocals | None
+    reprfileloc: ReprFileLocation | None
+    style: TracebackStyle
+
+    def _write_entry_lines(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        """Write the source code portions of a list of traceback entries with syntax highlighting.
+
+        Usually entries are lines like these:
+
+            "     x = 1"
+            ">    assert x == 2"
+            "E    assert 1 == 2"
+
+        This function takes care of rendering the "source" portions of it (the lines without
+        the "E" prefix) using syntax highlighting, taking care to not highlighting the ">"
+        character, as doing so might break line continuations.
+        """
+        if not self.lines:
+            return
+
+        if self.style == "value":
+            # Using tw.write instead of tw.line for testing purposes due to TWMock implementation;
+            # lines written with TWMock.line and TWMock._write_source cannot be distinguished
+            # from each other, whereas lines written with TWMock.write are marked with TWMock.WRITE
+            for line in self.lines:
+                tw.write(line)
+                tw.write("\n")
+            return
+
+        # separate indents and source lines that are not failures: we want to
+        # highlight the code but not the indentation, which may contain markers
+        # such as ">   assert 0"
+        fail_marker = f"{FormattedExcinfo.fail_marker}   "
+        indent_size = len(fail_marker)
+        indents: list[str] = []
+        source_lines: list[str] = []
+        failure_lines: list[str] = []
+        for index, line in enumerate(self.lines):
+            is_failure_line = line.startswith(fail_marker)
+            if is_failure_line:
+                # from this point on all lines are considered part of the failure
+                failure_lines.extend(self.lines[index:])
+                break
+            else:
+                indents.append(line[:indent_size])
+                source_lines.append(line[indent_size:])
+
+        tw._write_source(source_lines, indents)
+
+        # failure lines are always completely red and bold
+        for line in failure_lines:
+            tw.line(line, bold=True, red=True)
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        if self.style == "short":
+            if self.reprfileloc:
+                self.reprfileloc.toterminal(tw)
+            self._write_entry_lines(tw)
+            if self.reprlocals:
+                self.reprlocals.toterminal(tw, indent=" " * 8)
+            return
+
+        if self.reprfuncargs:
+            self.reprfuncargs.toterminal(tw)
+
+        self._write_entry_lines(tw)
+
+        if self.reprlocals:
+            tw.line("")
+            self.reprlocals.toterminal(tw)
+        if self.reprfileloc:
+            if self.lines:
+                tw.line("")
+            self.reprfileloc.toterminal(tw)
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "{}\n{}\n{}".format(
+            "\n".join(self.lines), self.reprlocals, self.reprfileloc
+        )
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReprFileLocation(TerminalRepr):
+    path: str
+    lineno: int
+    message: str
+
+    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+        self.path = str(self.path)
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        # Filename and lineno output for each entry, using an output format
+        # that most editors understand.
+        msg = self.message
+        i = msg.find("\n")
+        if i != -1:
+            msg = msg[:i]
+        tw.write(self.path, bold=True, red=True)
+        tw.line(f":{self.lineno}: {msg}")
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReprLocals(TerminalRepr):
+    lines: Sequence[str]
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter, indent="") -> None:
+        for line in self.lines:
+            tw.line(indent + line)
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(eq=False)
+class ReprFuncArgs(TerminalRepr):
+    args: Sequence[tuple[str, object]]
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        if self.args:
+            linesofar = ""
+            for name, value in self.args:
+                ns = f"{name} = {value}"
+                if len(ns) + len(linesofar) + 2 > tw.fullwidth:
+                    if linesofar:
+                        tw.line(linesofar)
+                    linesofar = ns
+                else:
+                    if linesofar:
+                        linesofar += ", " + ns
+                    else:
+                        linesofar = ns
+            if linesofar:
+                tw.line(linesofar)
+            tw.line("")
+
+
+def getfslineno(obj: object) -> tuple[str | Path, int]:
+    """Return source location (path, lineno) for the given object.
+
+    If the source cannot be determined return ("", -1).
+
+    The line number is 0-based.
+    """
+    # xxx let decorators etc specify a sane ordering
+    # NOTE: this used to be done in _pytest.compat.getfslineno, initially added
+    #       in 6ec13a2b9.  It ("place_as") appears to be something very custom.
+    obj = get_real_func(obj)
+    if hasattr(obj, "place_as"):
+        obj = obj.place_as
+
+    try:
+        code = Code.from_function(obj)
+    except TypeError:
+        try:
+            fn = inspect.getsourcefile(obj) or inspect.getfile(obj)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        except TypeError:
+            return "", -1
+
+        fspath = fn and absolutepath(fn) or ""
+        lineno = -1
+        if fspath:
+            try:
+                _, lineno = findsource(obj)
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+        return fspath, lineno
+
+    return code.path, code.firstlineno
+
+
+# Relative paths that we use to filter traceback entries from appearing to the user;
+# see filter_traceback.
+# note: if we need to add more paths than what we have now we should probably use a list
+# for better maintenance.
+
+_PLUGGY_DIR = Path(pluggy.__file__.rstrip("oc"))
+# pluggy is either a package or a single module depending on the version
+if _PLUGGY_DIR.name == "__init__.py":
+    _PLUGGY_DIR = _PLUGGY_DIR.parent
+_PYTEST_DIR = Path(_pytest.__file__).parent
+
+
+def filter_traceback(entry: TracebackEntry) -> bool:
+    """Return True if a TracebackEntry instance should be included in tracebacks.
+
+    We hide traceback entries of:
+
+    * dynamically generated code (no code to show up for it);
+    * internal traceback from pytest or its internal libraries, py and pluggy.
+    """
+    # entry.path might sometimes return a str object when the entry
+    # points to dynamically generated code.
+    # See https://bitbucket.org/pytest-dev/py/issues/71.
+    raw_filename = entry.frame.code.raw.co_filename
+    is_generated = "<" in raw_filename and ">" in raw_filename
+    if is_generated:
+        return False
+
+    # entry.path might point to a non-existing file, in which case it will
+    # also return a str object. See #1133.
+    p = Path(entry.path)
+
+    parents = p.parents
+    if _PLUGGY_DIR in parents:
+        return False
+    if _PYTEST_DIR in parents:
+        return False
+
+    return True

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_code/source.py

@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ast
+from bisect import bisect_right
+import inspect
+import textwrap
+import tokenize
+import types
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import overload
+import warnings
+
+
+class Source:
+    """An immutable object holding a source code fragment.
+
+    When using Source(...), the source lines are deindented.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, obj: object = None) -> None:
+        if not obj:
+            self.lines: list[str] = []
+        elif isinstance(obj, Source):
+            self.lines = obj.lines
+        elif isinstance(obj, (tuple, list)):
+            self.lines = deindent(x.rstrip("\n") for x in obj)
+        elif isinstance(obj, str):
+            self.lines = deindent(obj.split("\n"))
+        else:
+            try:
+                rawcode = getrawcode(obj)
+                src = inspect.getsource(rawcode)
+            except TypeError:
+                src = inspect.getsource(obj)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+            self.lines = deindent(src.split("\n"))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, Source):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self.lines == other.lines
+
+    # Ignore type because of https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/4266.
+    __hash__ = None  # type: ignore
+
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: int) -> str: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def __getitem__(self, key: slice) -> Source: ...
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: int | slice) -> str | Source:
+        if isinstance(key, int):
+            return self.lines[key]
+        else:
+            if key.step not in (None, 1):
+                raise IndexError("cannot slice a Source with a step")
+            newsource = Source()
+            newsource.lines = self.lines[key.start : key.stop]
+            return newsource
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        return iter(self.lines)
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        return len(self.lines)
+
+    def strip(self) -> Source:
+        """Return new Source object with trailing and leading blank lines removed."""
+        start, end = 0, len(self)
+        while start < end and not self.lines[start].strip():
+            start += 1
+        while end > start and not self.lines[end - 1].strip():
+            end -= 1
+        source = Source()
+        source.lines[:] = self.lines[start:end]
+        return source
+
+    def indent(self, indent: str = " " * 4) -> Source:
+        """Return a copy of the source object with all lines indented by the
+        given indent-string."""
+        newsource = Source()
+        newsource.lines = [(indent + line) for line in self.lines]
+        return newsource
+
+    def getstatement(self, lineno: int) -> Source:
+        """Return Source statement which contains the given linenumber
+        (counted from 0)."""
+        start, end = self.getstatementrange(lineno)
+        return self[start:end]
+
+    def getstatementrange(self, lineno: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
+        """Return (start, end) tuple which spans the minimal statement region
+        which containing the given lineno."""
+        if not (0 <= lineno < len(self)):
+            raise IndexError("lineno out of range")
+        ast, start, end = getstatementrange_ast(lineno, self)
+        return start, end
+
+    def deindent(self) -> Source:
+        """Return a new Source object deindented."""
+        newsource = Source()
+        newsource.lines[:] = deindent(self.lines)
+        return newsource
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return "\n".join(self.lines)
+
+
+#
+# helper functions
+#
+
+
+def findsource(obj) -> tuple[Source | None, int]:
+    try:
+        sourcelines, lineno = inspect.findsource(obj)
+    except Exception:
+        return None, -1
+    source = Source()
+    source.lines = [line.rstrip() for line in sourcelines]
+    return source, lineno
+
+
+def getrawcode(obj: object, trycall: bool = True) -> types.CodeType:
+    """Return code object for given function."""
+    try:
+        return obj.__code__  # type: ignore[attr-defined,no-any-return]
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+    if trycall:
+        call = getattr(obj, "__call__", None)
+        if call and not isinstance(obj, type):
+            return getrawcode(call, trycall=False)
+    raise TypeError(f"could not get code object for {obj!r}")
+
+
+def deindent(lines: Iterable[str]) -> list[str]:
+    return textwrap.dedent("\n".join(lines)).splitlines()
+
+
+def get_statement_startend2(lineno: int, node: ast.AST) -> tuple[int, int | None]:
+    # Flatten all statements and except handlers into one lineno-list.
+    # AST's line numbers start indexing at 1.
+    values: list[int] = []
+    for x in ast.walk(node):
+        if isinstance(x, (ast.stmt, ast.ExceptHandler)):
+            # The lineno points to the class/def, so need to include the decorators.
+            if isinstance(x, (ast.ClassDef, ast.FunctionDef, ast.AsyncFunctionDef)):
+                for d in x.decorator_list:
+                    values.append(d.lineno - 1)
+            values.append(x.lineno - 1)
+            for name in ("finalbody", "orelse"):
+                val: list[ast.stmt] | None = getattr(x, name, None)
+                if val:
+                    # Treat the finally/orelse part as its own statement.
+                    values.append(val[0].lineno - 1 - 1)
+    values.sort()
+    insert_index = bisect_right(values, lineno)
+    start = values[insert_index - 1]
+    if insert_index >= len(values):
+        end = None
+    else:
+        end = values[insert_index]
+    return start, end
+
+
+def getstatementrange_ast(
+    lineno: int,
+    source: Source,
+    assertion: bool = False,
+    astnode: ast.AST | None = None,
+) -> tuple[ast.AST, int, int]:
+    if astnode is None:
+        content = str(source)
+        # See #4260:
+        # Don't produce duplicate warnings when compiling source to find AST.
+        with warnings.catch_warnings():
+            warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+            astnode = ast.parse(content, "source", "exec")
+
+    start, end = get_statement_startend2(lineno, astnode)
+    # We need to correct the end:
+    # - ast-parsing strips comments
+    # - there might be empty lines
+    # - we might have lesser indented code blocks at the end
+    if end is None:
+        end = len(source.lines)
+
+    if end > start + 1:
+        # Make sure we don't span differently indented code blocks
+        # by using the BlockFinder helper used which inspect.getsource() uses itself.
+        block_finder = inspect.BlockFinder()
+        # If we start with an indented line, put blockfinder to "started" mode.
+        block_finder.started = (
+            bool(source.lines[start]) and source.lines[start][0].isspace()
+        )
+        it = ((x + "\n") for x in source.lines[start:end])
+        try:
+            for tok in tokenize.generate_tokens(lambda: next(it)):
+                block_finder.tokeneater(*tok)
+        except (inspect.EndOfBlock, IndentationError):
+            end = block_finder.last + start
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
+    # The end might still point to a comment or empty line, correct it.
+    while end:
+        line = source.lines[end - 1].lstrip()
+        if line.startswith("#") or not line:
+            end -= 1
+        else:
+            break
+    return astnode, start, end

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_io/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .terminalwriter import get_terminal_width
+from .terminalwriter import TerminalWriter
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "TerminalWriter",
+    "get_terminal_width",
+]

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_io/pprint.py

@@ -0,0 +1,673 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+# This module was imported from the cpython standard library
+# (https://github.com/python/cpython/) at commit
+# c5140945c723ae6c4b7ee81ff720ac8ea4b52cfd (python3.12).
+#
+#
+#  Original Author:      Fred L. Drake, Jr.
+#                        fdrake@acm.org
+#
+#  This is a simple little module I wrote to make life easier.  I didn't
+#  see anything quite like it in the library, though I may have overlooked
+#  something.  I wrote this when I was trying to read some heavily nested
+#  tuples with fairly non-descriptive content.  This is modeled very much
+#  after Lisp/Scheme - style pretty-printing of lists.  If you find it
+#  useful, thank small children who sleep at night.
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import collections as _collections
+import dataclasses as _dataclasses
+from io import StringIO as _StringIO
+import re
+import types as _types
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import IO
+from typing import Iterator
+
+
+class _safe_key:
+    """Helper function for key functions when sorting unorderable objects.
+
+    The wrapped-object will fallback to a Py2.x style comparison for
+    unorderable types (sorting first comparing the type name and then by
+    the obj ids).  Does not work recursively, so dict.items() must have
+    _safe_key applied to both the key and the value.
+
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ["obj"]
+
+    def __init__(self, obj):
+        self.obj = obj
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        try:
+            return self.obj < other.obj
+        except TypeError:
+            return (str(type(self.obj)), id(self.obj)) < (
+                str(type(other.obj)),
+                id(other.obj),
+            )
+
+
+def _safe_tuple(t):
+    """Helper function for comparing 2-tuples"""
+    return _safe_key(t[0]), _safe_key(t[1])
+
+
+class PrettyPrinter:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        indent: int = 4,
+        width: int = 80,
+        depth: int | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Handle pretty printing operations onto a stream using a set of
+        configured parameters.
+
+        indent
+            Number of spaces to indent for each level of nesting.
+
+        width
+            Attempted maximum number of columns in the output.
+
+        depth
+            The maximum depth to print out nested structures.
+
+        """
+        if indent < 0:
+            raise ValueError("indent must be >= 0")
+        if depth is not None and depth <= 0:
+            raise ValueError("depth must be > 0")
+        if not width:
+            raise ValueError("width must be != 0")
+        self._depth = depth
+        self._indent_per_level = indent
+        self._width = width
+
+    def pformat(self, object: Any) -> str:
+        sio = _StringIO()
+        self._format(object, sio, 0, 0, set(), 0)
+        return sio.getvalue()
+
+    def _format(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        objid = id(object)
+        if objid in context:
+            stream.write(_recursion(object))
+            return
+
+        p = self._dispatch.get(type(object).__repr__, None)
+        if p is not None:
+            context.add(objid)
+            p(self, object, stream, indent, allowance, context, level + 1)
+            context.remove(objid)
+        elif (
+            _dataclasses.is_dataclass(object)  # type:ignore[unreachable]
+            and not isinstance(object, type)
+            and object.__dataclass_params__.repr
+            and
+            # Check dataclass has generated repr method.
+            hasattr(object.__repr__, "__wrapped__")
+            and "__create_fn__" in object.__repr__.__wrapped__.__qualname__
+        ):
+            context.add(objid)  # type:ignore[unreachable]
+            self._pprint_dataclass(
+                object, stream, indent, allowance, context, level + 1
+            )
+            context.remove(objid)
+        else:
+            stream.write(self._repr(object, context, level))
+
+    def _pprint_dataclass(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        cls_name = object.__class__.__name__
+        items = [
+            (f.name, getattr(object, f.name))
+            for f in _dataclasses.fields(object)
+            if f.repr
+        ]
+        stream.write(cls_name + "(")
+        self._format_namespace_items(items, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch: dict[
+        Callable[..., str],
+        Callable[[PrettyPrinter, Any, IO[str], int, int, set[int], int], None],
+    ] = {}
+
+    def _pprint_dict(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        write = stream.write
+        write("{")
+        items = sorted(object.items(), key=_safe_tuple)
+        self._format_dict_items(items, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        write("}")
+
+    _dispatch[dict.__repr__] = _pprint_dict
+
+    def _pprint_ordered_dict(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not len(object):
+            stream.write(repr(object))
+            return
+        cls = object.__class__
+        stream.write(cls.__name__ + "(")
+        self._pprint_dict(object, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.OrderedDict.__repr__] = _pprint_ordered_dict
+
+    def _pprint_list(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        stream.write("[")
+        self._format_items(object, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write("]")
+
+    _dispatch[list.__repr__] = _pprint_list
+
+    def _pprint_tuple(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        stream.write("(")
+        self._format_items(object, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[tuple.__repr__] = _pprint_tuple
+
+    def _pprint_set(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not len(object):
+            stream.write(repr(object))
+            return
+        typ = object.__class__
+        if typ is set:
+            stream.write("{")
+            endchar = "}"
+        else:
+            stream.write(typ.__name__ + "({")
+            endchar = "})"
+        object = sorted(object, key=_safe_key)
+        self._format_items(object, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(endchar)
+
+    _dispatch[set.__repr__] = _pprint_set
+    _dispatch[frozenset.__repr__] = _pprint_set
+
+    def _pprint_str(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        write = stream.write
+        if not len(object):
+            write(repr(object))
+            return
+        chunks = []
+        lines = object.splitlines(True)
+        if level == 1:
+            indent += 1
+            allowance += 1
+        max_width1 = max_width = self._width - indent
+        for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+            rep = repr(line)
+            if i == len(lines) - 1:
+                max_width1 -= allowance
+            if len(rep) <= max_width1:
+                chunks.append(rep)
+            else:
+                # A list of alternating (non-space, space) strings
+                parts = re.findall(r"\S*\s*", line)
+                assert parts
+                assert not parts[-1]
+                parts.pop()  # drop empty last part
+                max_width2 = max_width
+                current = ""
+                for j, part in enumerate(parts):
+                    candidate = current + part
+                    if j == len(parts) - 1 and i == len(lines) - 1:
+                        max_width2 -= allowance
+                    if len(repr(candidate)) > max_width2:
+                        if current:
+                            chunks.append(repr(current))
+                        current = part
+                    else:
+                        current = candidate
+                if current:
+                    chunks.append(repr(current))
+        if len(chunks) == 1:
+            write(rep)
+            return
+        if level == 1:
+            write("(")
+        for i, rep in enumerate(chunks):
+            if i > 0:
+                write("\n" + " " * indent)
+            write(rep)
+        if level == 1:
+            write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[str.__repr__] = _pprint_str
+
+    def _pprint_bytes(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        write = stream.write
+        if len(object) <= 4:
+            write(repr(object))
+            return
+        parens = level == 1
+        if parens:
+            indent += 1
+            allowance += 1
+            write("(")
+        delim = ""
+        for rep in _wrap_bytes_repr(object, self._width - indent, allowance):
+            write(delim)
+            write(rep)
+            if not delim:
+                delim = "\n" + " " * indent
+        if parens:
+            write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[bytes.__repr__] = _pprint_bytes
+
+    def _pprint_bytearray(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        write = stream.write
+        write("bytearray(")
+        self._pprint_bytes(
+            bytes(object), stream, indent + 10, allowance + 1, context, level + 1
+        )
+        write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[bytearray.__repr__] = _pprint_bytearray
+
+    def _pprint_mappingproxy(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        stream.write("mappingproxy(")
+        self._format(object.copy(), stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[_types.MappingProxyType.__repr__] = _pprint_mappingproxy
+
+    def _pprint_simplenamespace(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        if type(object) is _types.SimpleNamespace:
+            # The SimpleNamespace repr is "namespace" instead of the class
+            # name, so we do the same here. For subclasses; use the class name.
+            cls_name = "namespace"
+        else:
+            cls_name = object.__class__.__name__
+        items = object.__dict__.items()
+        stream.write(cls_name + "(")
+        self._format_namespace_items(items, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[_types.SimpleNamespace.__repr__] = _pprint_simplenamespace
+
+    def _format_dict_items(
+        self,
+        items: list[tuple[Any, Any]],
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not items:
+            return
+
+        write = stream.write
+        item_indent = indent + self._indent_per_level
+        delimnl = "\n" + " " * item_indent
+        for key, ent in items:
+            write(delimnl)
+            write(self._repr(key, context, level))
+            write(": ")
+            self._format(ent, stream, item_indent, 1, context, level)
+            write(",")
+
+        write("\n" + " " * indent)
+
+    def _format_namespace_items(
+        self,
+        items: list[tuple[Any, Any]],
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not items:
+            return
+
+        write = stream.write
+        item_indent = indent + self._indent_per_level
+        delimnl = "\n" + " " * item_indent
+        for key, ent in items:
+            write(delimnl)
+            write(key)
+            write("=")
+            if id(ent) in context:
+                # Special-case representation of recursion to match standard
+                # recursive dataclass repr.
+                write("...")
+            else:
+                self._format(
+                    ent,
+                    stream,
+                    item_indent + len(key) + 1,
+                    1,
+                    context,
+                    level,
+                )
+
+            write(",")
+
+        write("\n" + " " * indent)
+
+    def _format_items(
+        self,
+        items: list[Any],
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not items:
+            return
+
+        write = stream.write
+        item_indent = indent + self._indent_per_level
+        delimnl = "\n" + " " * item_indent
+
+        for item in items:
+            write(delimnl)
+            self._format(item, stream, item_indent, 1, context, level)
+            write(",")
+
+        write("\n" + " " * indent)
+
+    def _repr(self, object: Any, context: set[int], level: int) -> str:
+        return self._safe_repr(object, context.copy(), self._depth, level)
+
+    def _pprint_default_dict(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        rdf = self._repr(object.default_factory, context, level)
+        stream.write(f"{object.__class__.__name__}({rdf}, ")
+        self._pprint_dict(object, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.defaultdict.__repr__] = _pprint_default_dict
+
+    def _pprint_counter(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        stream.write(object.__class__.__name__ + "(")
+
+        if object:
+            stream.write("{")
+            items = object.most_common()
+            self._format_dict_items(items, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+            stream.write("}")
+
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.Counter.__repr__] = _pprint_counter
+
+    def _pprint_chain_map(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not len(object.maps) or (len(object.maps) == 1 and not len(object.maps[0])):
+            stream.write(repr(object))
+            return
+
+        stream.write(object.__class__.__name__ + "(")
+        self._format_items(object.maps, stream, indent, allowance, context, level)
+        stream.write(")")
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.ChainMap.__repr__] = _pprint_chain_map
+
+    def _pprint_deque(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        stream.write(object.__class__.__name__ + "(")
+        if object.maxlen is not None:
+            stream.write("maxlen=%d, " % object.maxlen)
+        stream.write("[")
+
+        self._format_items(object, stream, indent, allowance + 1, context, level)
+        stream.write("])")
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.deque.__repr__] = _pprint_deque
+
+    def _pprint_user_dict(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._format(object.data, stream, indent, allowance, context, level - 1)
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.UserDict.__repr__] = _pprint_user_dict
+
+    def _pprint_user_list(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._format(object.data, stream, indent, allowance, context, level - 1)
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.UserList.__repr__] = _pprint_user_list
+
+    def _pprint_user_string(
+        self,
+        object: Any,
+        stream: IO[str],
+        indent: int,
+        allowance: int,
+        context: set[int],
+        level: int,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._format(object.data, stream, indent, allowance, context, level - 1)
+
+    _dispatch[_collections.UserString.__repr__] = _pprint_user_string
+
+    def _safe_repr(
+        self, object: Any, context: set[int], maxlevels: int | None, level: int
+    ) -> str:
+        typ = type(object)
+        if typ in _builtin_scalars:
+            return repr(object)
+
+        r = getattr(typ, "__repr__", None)
+
+        if issubclass(typ, dict) and r is dict.__repr__:
+            if not object:
+                return "{}"
+            objid = id(object)
+            if maxlevels and level >= maxlevels:
+                return "{...}"
+            if objid in context:
+                return _recursion(object)
+            context.add(objid)
+            components: list[str] = []
+            append = components.append
+            level += 1
+            for k, v in sorted(object.items(), key=_safe_tuple):
+                krepr = self._safe_repr(k, context, maxlevels, level)
+                vrepr = self._safe_repr(v, context, maxlevels, level)
+                append(f"{krepr}: {vrepr}")
+            context.remove(objid)
+            return "{{{}}}".format(", ".join(components))
+
+        if (issubclass(typ, list) and r is list.__repr__) or (
+            issubclass(typ, tuple) and r is tuple.__repr__
+        ):
+            if issubclass(typ, list):
+                if not object:
+                    return "[]"
+                format = "[%s]"
+            elif len(object) == 1:
+                format = "(%s,)"
+            else:
+                if not object:
+                    return "()"
+                format = "(%s)"
+            objid = id(object)
+            if maxlevels and level >= maxlevels:
+                return format % "..."
+            if objid in context:
+                return _recursion(object)
+            context.add(objid)
+            components = []
+            append = components.append
+            level += 1
+            for o in object:
+                orepr = self._safe_repr(o, context, maxlevels, level)
+                append(orepr)
+            context.remove(objid)
+            return format % ", ".join(components)
+
+        return repr(object)
+
+
+_builtin_scalars = frozenset(
+    {str, bytes, bytearray, float, complex, bool, type(None), int}
+)
+
+
+def _recursion(object: Any) -> str:
+    return f"<Recursion on {type(object).__name__} with id={id(object)}>"
+
+
+def _wrap_bytes_repr(object: Any, width: int, allowance: int) -> Iterator[str]:
+    current = b""
+    last = len(object) // 4 * 4
+    for i in range(0, len(object), 4):
+        part = object[i : i + 4]
+        candidate = current + part
+        if i == last:
+            width -= allowance
+        if len(repr(candidate)) > width:
+            if current:
+                yield repr(current)
+            current = part
+        else:
+            current = candidate
+    if current:
+        yield repr(current)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_io/saferepr.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import pprint
+import reprlib
+
+
+def _try_repr_or_str(obj: object) -> str:
+    try:
+        return repr(obj)
+    except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
+        raise
+    except BaseException:
+        return f'{type(obj).__name__}("{obj}")'
+
+
+def _format_repr_exception(exc: BaseException, obj: object) -> str:
+    try:
+        exc_info = _try_repr_or_str(exc)
+    except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
+        raise
+    except BaseException as inner_exc:
+        exc_info = f"unpresentable exception ({_try_repr_or_str(inner_exc)})"
+    return (
+        f"<[{exc_info} raised in repr()] {type(obj).__name__} object at 0x{id(obj):x}>"
+    )
+
+
+def _ellipsize(s: str, maxsize: int) -> str:
+    if len(s) > maxsize:
+        i = max(0, (maxsize - 3) // 2)
+        j = max(0, maxsize - 3 - i)
+        return s[:i] + "..." + s[len(s) - j :]
+    return s
+
+
+class SafeRepr(reprlib.Repr):
+    """
+    repr.Repr that limits the resulting size of repr() and includes
+    information on exceptions raised during the call.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, maxsize: int | None, use_ascii: bool = False) -> None:
+        """
+        :param maxsize:
+            If not None, will truncate the resulting repr to that specific size, using ellipsis
+            somewhere in the middle to hide the extra text.
+            If None, will not impose any size limits on the returning repr.
+        """
+        super().__init__()
+        # ``maxstring`` is used by the superclass, and needs to be an int; using a
+        # very large number in case maxsize is None, meaning we want to disable
+        # truncation.
+        self.maxstring = maxsize if maxsize is not None else 1_000_000_000
+        self.maxsize = maxsize
+        self.use_ascii = use_ascii
+
+    def repr(self, x: object) -> str:
+        try:
+            if self.use_ascii:
+                s = ascii(x)
+            else:
+                s = super().repr(x)
+        except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
+            raise
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            s = _format_repr_exception(exc, x)
+        if self.maxsize is not None:
+            s = _ellipsize(s, self.maxsize)
+        return s
+
+    def repr_instance(self, x: object, level: int) -> str:
+        try:
+            s = repr(x)
+        except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
+            raise
+        except BaseException as exc:
+            s = _format_repr_exception(exc, x)
+        if self.maxsize is not None:
+            s = _ellipsize(s, self.maxsize)
+        return s
+
+
+def safeformat(obj: object) -> str:
+    """Return a pretty printed string for the given object.
+
+    Failing __repr__ functions of user instances will be represented
+    with a short exception info.
+    """
+    try:
+        return pprint.pformat(obj)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        return _format_repr_exception(exc, obj)
+
+
+# Maximum size of overall repr of objects to display during assertion errors.
+DEFAULT_REPR_MAX_SIZE = 240
+
+
+def saferepr(
+    obj: object, maxsize: int | None = DEFAULT_REPR_MAX_SIZE, use_ascii: bool = False
+) -> str:
+    """Return a size-limited safe repr-string for the given object.
+
+    Failing __repr__ functions of user instances will be represented
+    with a short exception info and 'saferepr' generally takes
+    care to never raise exceptions itself.
+
+    This function is a wrapper around the Repr/reprlib functionality of the
+    stdlib.
+    """
+    return SafeRepr(maxsize, use_ascii).repr(obj)
+
+
+def saferepr_unlimited(obj: object, use_ascii: bool = True) -> str:
+    """Return an unlimited-size safe repr-string for the given object.
+
+    As with saferepr, failing __repr__ functions of user instances
+    will be represented with a short exception info.
+
+    This function is a wrapper around simple repr.
+
+    Note: a cleaner solution would be to alter ``saferepr``this way
+    when maxsize=None, but that might affect some other code.
+    """
+    try:
+        if use_ascii:
+            return ascii(obj)
+        return repr(obj)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        return _format_repr_exception(exc, obj)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_io/terminalwriter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
+"""Helper functions for writing to terminals and files."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+from typing import final
+from typing import Literal
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import TextIO
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from ..compat import assert_never
+from .wcwidth import wcswidth
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pygments.formatter import Formatter
+    from pygments.lexer import Lexer
+
+
+# This code was initially copied from py 1.8.1, file _io/terminalwriter.py.
+
+
+def get_terminal_width() -> int:
+    width, _ = shutil.get_terminal_size(fallback=(80, 24))
+
+    # The Windows get_terminal_size may be bogus, let's sanify a bit.
+    if width < 40:
+        width = 80
+
+    return width
+
+
+def should_do_markup(file: TextIO) -> bool:
+    if os.environ.get("PY_COLORS") == "1":
+        return True
+    if os.environ.get("PY_COLORS") == "0":
+        return False
+    if os.environ.get("NO_COLOR"):
+        return False
+    if os.environ.get("FORCE_COLOR"):
+        return True
+    return (
+        hasattr(file, "isatty") and file.isatty() and os.environ.get("TERM") != "dumb"
+    )
+
+
+@final
+class TerminalWriter:
+    _esctable = dict(
+        black=30,
+        red=31,
+        green=32,
+        yellow=33,
+        blue=34,
+        purple=35,
+        cyan=36,
+        white=37,
+        Black=40,
+        Red=41,
+        Green=42,
+        Yellow=43,
+        Blue=44,
+        Purple=45,
+        Cyan=46,
+        White=47,
+        bold=1,
+        light=2,
+        blink=5,
+        invert=7,
+    )
+
+    def __init__(self, file: TextIO | None = None) -> None:
+        if file is None:
+            file = sys.stdout
+        if hasattr(file, "isatty") and file.isatty() and sys.platform == "win32":
+            try:
+                import colorama
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
+            else:
+                file = colorama.AnsiToWin32(file).stream
+                assert file is not None
+        self._file = file
+        self.hasmarkup = should_do_markup(file)
+        self._current_line = ""
+        self._terminal_width: int | None = None
+        self.code_highlight = True
+
+    @property
+    def fullwidth(self) -> int:
+        if self._terminal_width is not None:
+            return self._terminal_width
+        return get_terminal_width()
+
+    @fullwidth.setter
+    def fullwidth(self, value: int) -> None:
+        self._terminal_width = value
+
+    @property
+    def width_of_current_line(self) -> int:
+        """Return an estimate of the width so far in the current line."""
+        return wcswidth(self._current_line)
+
+    def markup(self, text: str, **markup: bool) -> str:
+        for name in markup:
+            if name not in self._esctable:
+                raise ValueError(f"unknown markup: {name!r}")
+        if self.hasmarkup:
+            esc = [self._esctable[name] for name, on in markup.items() if on]
+            if esc:
+                text = "".join(f"\x1b[{cod}m" for cod in esc) + text + "\x1b[0m"
+        return text
+
+    def sep(
+        self,
+        sepchar: str,
+        title: str | None = None,
+        fullwidth: int | None = None,
+        **markup: bool,
+    ) -> None:
+        if fullwidth is None:
+            fullwidth = self.fullwidth
+        # The goal is to have the line be as long as possible
+        # under the condition that len(line) <= fullwidth.
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            # If we print in the last column on windows we are on a
+            # new line but there is no way to verify/neutralize this
+            # (we may not know the exact line width).
+            # So let's be defensive to avoid empty lines in the output.
+            fullwidth -= 1
+        if title is not None:
+            # we want 2 + 2*len(fill) + len(title) <= fullwidth
+            # i.e.    2 + 2*len(sepchar)*N + len(title) <= fullwidth
+            #         2*len(sepchar)*N <= fullwidth - len(title) - 2
+            #         N <= (fullwidth - len(title) - 2) // (2*len(sepchar))
+            N = max((fullwidth - len(title) - 2) // (2 * len(sepchar)), 1)
+            fill = sepchar * N
+            line = f"{fill} {title} {fill}"
+        else:
+            # we want len(sepchar)*N <= fullwidth
+            # i.e.    N <= fullwidth // len(sepchar)
+            line = sepchar * (fullwidth // len(sepchar))
+        # In some situations there is room for an extra sepchar at the right,
+        # in particular if we consider that with a sepchar like "_ " the
+        # trailing space is not important at the end of the line.
+        if len(line) + len(sepchar.rstrip()) <= fullwidth:
+            line += sepchar.rstrip()
+
+        self.line(line, **markup)
+
+    def write(self, msg: str, *, flush: bool = False, **markup: bool) -> None:
+        if msg:
+            current_line = msg.rsplit("\n", 1)[-1]
+            if "\n" in msg:
+                self._current_line = current_line
+            else:
+                self._current_line += current_line
+
+            msg = self.markup(msg, **markup)
+
+            try:
+                self._file.write(msg)
+            except UnicodeEncodeError:
+                # Some environments don't support printing general Unicode
+                # strings, due to misconfiguration or otherwise; in that case,
+                # print the string escaped to ASCII.
+                # When the Unicode situation improves we should consider
+                # letting the error propagate instead of masking it (see #7475
+                # for one brief attempt).
+                msg = msg.encode("unicode-escape").decode("ascii")
+                self._file.write(msg)
+
+            if flush:
+                self.flush()
+
+    def line(self, s: str = "", **markup: bool) -> None:
+        self.write(s, **markup)
+        self.write("\n")
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        self._file.flush()
+
+    def _write_source(self, lines: Sequence[str], indents: Sequence[str] = ()) -> None:
+        """Write lines of source code possibly highlighted.
+
+        Keeping this private for now because the API is clunky. We should discuss how
+        to evolve the terminal writer so we can have more precise color support, for example
+        being able to write part of a line in one color and the rest in another, and so on.
+        """
+        if indents and len(indents) != len(lines):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"indents size ({len(indents)}) should have same size as lines ({len(lines)})"
+            )
+        if not indents:
+            indents = [""] * len(lines)
+        source = "\n".join(lines)
+        new_lines = self._highlight(source).splitlines()
+        for indent, new_line in zip(indents, new_lines):
+            self.line(indent + new_line)
+
+    def _get_pygments_lexer(self, lexer: Literal["python", "diff"]) -> Lexer | None:
+        try:
+            if lexer == "python":
+                from pygments.lexers.python import PythonLexer
+
+                return PythonLexer()
+            elif lexer == "diff":
+                from pygments.lexers.diff import DiffLexer
+
+                return DiffLexer()
+            else:
+                assert_never(lexer)
+        except ModuleNotFoundError:
+            return None
+
+    def _get_pygments_formatter(self) -> Formatter | None:
+        try:
+            import pygments.util
+        except ModuleNotFoundError:
+            return None
+
+        from _pytest.config.exceptions import UsageError
+
+        theme = os.getenv("PYTEST_THEME")
+        theme_mode = os.getenv("PYTEST_THEME_MODE", "dark")
+
+        try:
+            from pygments.formatters.terminal import TerminalFormatter
+
+            return TerminalFormatter(bg=theme_mode, style=theme)
+
+        except pygments.util.ClassNotFound as e:
+            raise UsageError(
+                f"PYTEST_THEME environment variable has an invalid value: '{theme}'. "
+                "Hint: See available pygments styles with `pygmentize -L styles`."
+            ) from e
+        except pygments.util.OptionError as e:
+            raise UsageError(
+                f"PYTEST_THEME_MODE environment variable has an invalid value: '{theme_mode}'. "
+                "The allowed values are 'dark' (default) and 'light'."
+            ) from e
+
+    def _highlight(
+        self, source: str, lexer: Literal["diff", "python"] = "python"
+    ) -> str:
+        """Highlight the given source if we have markup support."""
+        if not source or not self.hasmarkup or not self.code_highlight:
+            return source
+
+        pygments_lexer = self._get_pygments_lexer(lexer)
+        if pygments_lexer is None:
+            return source
+
+        pygments_formatter = self._get_pygments_formatter()
+        if pygments_formatter is None:
+            return source
+
+        from pygments import highlight
+
+        highlighted: str = highlight(source, pygments_lexer, pygments_formatter)
+        # pygments terminal formatter may add a newline when there wasn't one.
+        # We don't want this, remove.
+        if highlighted[-1] == "\n" and source[-1] != "\n":
+            highlighted = highlighted[:-1]
+
+        # Some lexers will not set the initial color explicitly
+        # which may lead to the previous color being propagated to the
+        # start of the expression, so reset first.
+        highlighted = "\x1b[0m" + highlighted
+
+        return highlighted

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_io/wcwidth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from functools import lru_cache
+import unicodedata
+
+
+@lru_cache(100)
+def wcwidth(c: str) -> int:
+    """Determine how many columns are needed to display a character in a terminal.
+
+    Returns -1 if the character is not printable.
+    Returns 0, 1 or 2 for other characters.
+    """
+    o = ord(c)
+
+    # ASCII fast path.
+    if 0x20 <= o < 0x07F:
+        return 1
+
+    # Some Cf/Zp/Zl characters which should be zero-width.
+    if (
+        o == 0x0000
+        or 0x200B <= o <= 0x200F
+        or 0x2028 <= o <= 0x202E
+        or 0x2060 <= o <= 0x2063
+    ):
+        return 0
+
+    category = unicodedata.category(c)
+
+    # Control characters.
+    if category == "Cc":
+        return -1
+
+    # Combining characters with zero width.
+    if category in ("Me", "Mn"):
+        return 0
+
+    # Full/Wide east asian characters.
+    if unicodedata.east_asian_width(c) in ("F", "W"):
+        return 2
+
+    return 1
+
+
+def wcswidth(s: str) -> int:
+    """Determine how many columns are needed to display a string in a terminal.
+
+    Returns -1 if the string contains non-printable characters.
+    """
+    width = 0
+    for c in unicodedata.normalize("NFC", s):
+        wc = wcwidth(c)
+        if wc < 0:
+            return -1
+        width += wc
+    return width

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/_version.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# file generated by setuptools_scm
+# don't change, don't track in version control
+TYPE_CHECKING = False
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing import Tuple, Union
+    VERSION_TUPLE = Tuple[Union[int, str], ...]
+else:
+    VERSION_TUPLE = object
+
+version: str
+__version__: str
+__version_tuple__: VERSION_TUPLE
+version_tuple: VERSION_TUPLE
+
+__version__ = version = '8.3.4'
+__version_tuple__ = version_tuple = (8, 3, 4)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/assertion/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+"""Support for presenting detailed information in failing assertions."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Generator
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from _pytest.assertion import rewrite
+from _pytest.assertion import truncate
+from _pytest.assertion import util
+from _pytest.assertion.rewrite import assertstate_key
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import hookimpl
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.nodes import Item
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _pytest.main import Session
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--assert",
+        action="store",
+        dest="assertmode",
+        choices=("rewrite", "plain"),
+        default="rewrite",
+        metavar="MODE",
+        help=(
+            "Control assertion debugging tools.\n"
+            "'plain' performs no assertion debugging.\n"
+            "'rewrite' (the default) rewrites assert statements in test modules"
+            " on import to provide assert expression information."
+        ),
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "enable_assertion_pass_hook",
+        type="bool",
+        default=False,
+        help="Enables the pytest_assertion_pass hook. "
+        "Make sure to delete any previously generated pyc cache files.",
+    )
+    Config._add_verbosity_ini(
+        parser,
+        Config.VERBOSITY_ASSERTIONS,
+        help=(
+            "Specify a verbosity level for assertions, overriding the main level. "
+            "Higher levels will provide more detailed explanation when an assertion fails."
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def register_assert_rewrite(*names: str) -> None:
+    """Register one or more module names to be rewritten on import.
+
+    This function will make sure that this module or all modules inside
+    the package will get their assert statements rewritten.
+    Thus you should make sure to call this before the module is
+    actually imported, usually in your __init__.py if you are a plugin
+    using a package.
+
+    :param names: The module names to register.
+    """
+    for name in names:
+        if not isinstance(name, str):
+            msg = "expected module names as *args, got {0} instead"  # type: ignore[unreachable]
+            raise TypeError(msg.format(repr(names)))
+    for hook in sys.meta_path:
+        if isinstance(hook, rewrite.AssertionRewritingHook):
+            importhook = hook
+            break
+    else:
+        # TODO(typing): Add a protocol for mark_rewrite() and use it
+        # for importhook and for PytestPluginManager.rewrite_hook.
+        importhook = DummyRewriteHook()  # type: ignore
+    importhook.mark_rewrite(*names)
+
+
+class DummyRewriteHook:
+    """A no-op import hook for when rewriting is disabled."""
+
+    def mark_rewrite(self, *names: str) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class AssertionState:
+    """State for the assertion plugin."""
+
+    def __init__(self, config: Config, mode) -> None:
+        self.mode = mode
+        self.trace = config.trace.root.get("assertion")
+        self.hook: rewrite.AssertionRewritingHook | None = None
+
+
+def install_importhook(config: Config) -> rewrite.AssertionRewritingHook:
+    """Try to install the rewrite hook, raise SystemError if it fails."""
+    config.stash[assertstate_key] = AssertionState(config, "rewrite")
+    config.stash[assertstate_key].hook = hook = rewrite.AssertionRewritingHook(config)
+    sys.meta_path.insert(0, hook)
+    config.stash[assertstate_key].trace("installed rewrite import hook")
+
+    def undo() -> None:
+        hook = config.stash[assertstate_key].hook
+        if hook is not None and hook in sys.meta_path:
+            sys.meta_path.remove(hook)
+
+    config.add_cleanup(undo)
+    return hook
+
+
+def pytest_collection(session: Session) -> None:
+    # This hook is only called when test modules are collected
+    # so for example not in the managing process of pytest-xdist
+    # (which does not collect test modules).
+    assertstate = session.config.stash.get(assertstate_key, None)
+    if assertstate:
+        if assertstate.hook is not None:
+            assertstate.hook.set_session(session)
+
+
+@hookimpl(wrapper=True, tryfirst=True)
+def pytest_runtest_protocol(item: Item) -> Generator[None, object, object]:
+    """Setup the pytest_assertrepr_compare and pytest_assertion_pass hooks.
+
+    The rewrite module will use util._reprcompare if it exists to use custom
+    reporting via the pytest_assertrepr_compare hook.  This sets up this custom
+    comparison for the test.
+    """
+    ihook = item.ihook
+
+    def callbinrepr(op, left: object, right: object) -> str | None:
+        """Call the pytest_assertrepr_compare hook and prepare the result.
+
+        This uses the first result from the hook and then ensures the
+        following:
+        * Overly verbose explanations are truncated unless configured otherwise
+          (eg. if running in verbose mode).
+        * Embedded newlines are escaped to help util.format_explanation()
+          later.
+        * If the rewrite mode is used embedded %-characters are replaced
+          to protect later % formatting.
+
+        The result can be formatted by util.format_explanation() for
+        pretty printing.
+        """
+        hook_result = ihook.pytest_assertrepr_compare(
+            config=item.config, op=op, left=left, right=right
+        )
+        for new_expl in hook_result:
+            if new_expl:
+                new_expl = truncate.truncate_if_required(new_expl, item)
+                new_expl = [line.replace("\n", "\\n") for line in new_expl]
+                res = "\n~".join(new_expl)
+                if item.config.getvalue("assertmode") == "rewrite":
+                    res = res.replace("%", "%%")
+                return res
+        return None
+
+    saved_assert_hooks = util._reprcompare, util._assertion_pass
+    util._reprcompare = callbinrepr
+    util._config = item.config
+
+    if ihook.pytest_assertion_pass.get_hookimpls():
+
+        def call_assertion_pass_hook(lineno: int, orig: str, expl: str) -> None:
+            ihook.pytest_assertion_pass(item=item, lineno=lineno, orig=orig, expl=expl)
+
+        util._assertion_pass = call_assertion_pass_hook
+
+    try:
+        return (yield)
+    finally:
+        util._reprcompare, util._assertion_pass = saved_assert_hooks
+        util._config = None
+
+
+def pytest_sessionfinish(session: Session) -> None:
+    assertstate = session.config.stash.get(assertstate_key, None)
+    if assertstate:
+        if assertstate.hook is not None:
+            assertstate.hook.set_session(None)
+
+
+def pytest_assertrepr_compare(
+    config: Config, op: str, left: Any, right: Any
+) -> list[str] | None:
+    return util.assertrepr_compare(config=config, op=op, left=left, right=right)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/assertion/rewrite.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1211 @@
+"""Rewrite assertion AST to produce nice error messages."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ast
+from collections import defaultdict
+import errno
+import functools
+import importlib.abc
+import importlib.machinery
+import importlib.util
+import io
+import itertools
+import marshal
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+from pathlib import PurePath
+import struct
+import sys
+import tokenize
+import types
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import IO
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from _pytest._io.saferepr import DEFAULT_REPR_MAX_SIZE
+from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr
+from _pytest._version import version
+from _pytest.assertion import util
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.main import Session
+from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
+from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
+from _pytest.stash import StashKey
+
+
+# fmt: off
+from _pytest.assertion.util import format_explanation as _format_explanation  # noqa:F401, isort:skip
+# fmt:on
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _pytest.assertion import AssertionState
+
+
+class Sentinel:
+    pass
+
+
+assertstate_key = StashKey["AssertionState"]()
+
+# pytest caches rewritten pycs in pycache dirs
+PYTEST_TAG = f"{sys.implementation.cache_tag}-pytest-{version}"
+PYC_EXT = ".py" + (__debug__ and "c" or "o")
+PYC_TAIL = "." + PYTEST_TAG + PYC_EXT
+
+# Special marker that denotes we have just left a scope definition
+_SCOPE_END_MARKER = Sentinel()
+
+
+class AssertionRewritingHook(importlib.abc.MetaPathFinder, importlib.abc.Loader):
+    """PEP302/PEP451 import hook which rewrites asserts."""
+
+    def __init__(self, config: Config) -> None:
+        self.config = config
+        try:
+            self.fnpats = config.getini("python_files")
+        except ValueError:
+            self.fnpats = ["test_*.py", "*_test.py"]
+        self.session: Session | None = None
+        self._rewritten_names: dict[str, Path] = {}
+        self._must_rewrite: set[str] = set()
+        # flag to guard against trying to rewrite a pyc file while we are already writing another pyc file,
+        # which might result in infinite recursion (#3506)
+        self._writing_pyc = False
+        self._basenames_to_check_rewrite = {"conftest"}
+        self._marked_for_rewrite_cache: dict[str, bool] = {}
+        self._session_paths_checked = False
+
+    def set_session(self, session: Session | None) -> None:
+        self.session = session
+        self._session_paths_checked = False
+
+    # Indirection so we can mock calls to find_spec originated from the hook during testing
+    _find_spec = importlib.machinery.PathFinder.find_spec
+
+    def find_spec(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        path: Sequence[str | bytes] | None = None,
+        target: types.ModuleType | None = None,
+    ) -> importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec | None:
+        if self._writing_pyc:
+            return None
+        state = self.config.stash[assertstate_key]
+        if self._early_rewrite_bailout(name, state):
+            return None
+        state.trace(f"find_module called for: {name}")
+
+        # Type ignored because mypy is confused about the `self` binding here.
+        spec = self._find_spec(name, path)  # type: ignore
+
+        if spec is None and path is not None:
+            # With --import-mode=importlib, PathFinder cannot find spec without modifying `sys.path`,
+            # causing inability to assert rewriting (#12659).
+            # At this point, try using the file path to find the module spec.
+            for _path_str in path:
+                spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(name, _path_str)
+                if spec is not None:
+                    break
+
+        if (
+            # the import machinery could not find a file to import
+            spec is None
+            # this is a namespace package (without `__init__.py`)
+            # there's nothing to rewrite there
+            or spec.origin is None
+            # we can only rewrite source files
+            or not isinstance(spec.loader, importlib.machinery.SourceFileLoader)
+            # if the file doesn't exist, we can't rewrite it
+            or not os.path.exists(spec.origin)
+        ):
+            return None
+        else:
+            fn = spec.origin
+
+        if not self._should_rewrite(name, fn, state):
+            return None
+
+        return importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
+            name,
+            fn,
+            loader=self,
+            submodule_search_locations=spec.submodule_search_locations,
+        )
+
+    def create_module(
+        self, spec: importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec
+    ) -> types.ModuleType | None:
+        return None  # default behaviour is fine
+
+    def exec_module(self, module: types.ModuleType) -> None:
+        assert module.__spec__ is not None
+        assert module.__spec__.origin is not None
+        fn = Path(module.__spec__.origin)
+        state = self.config.stash[assertstate_key]
+
+        self._rewritten_names[module.__name__] = fn
+
+        # The requested module looks like a test file, so rewrite it. This is
+        # the most magical part of the process: load the source, rewrite the
+        # asserts, and load the rewritten source. We also cache the rewritten
+        # module code in a special pyc. We must be aware of the possibility of
+        # concurrent pytest processes rewriting and loading pycs. To avoid
+        # tricky race conditions, we maintain the following invariant: The
+        # cached pyc is always a complete, valid pyc. Operations on it must be
+        # atomic. POSIX's atomic rename comes in handy.
+        write = not sys.dont_write_bytecode
+        cache_dir = get_cache_dir(fn)
+        if write:
+            ok = try_makedirs(cache_dir)
+            if not ok:
+                write = False
+                state.trace(f"read only directory: {cache_dir}")
+
+        cache_name = fn.name[:-3] + PYC_TAIL
+        pyc = cache_dir / cache_name
+        # Notice that even if we're in a read-only directory, I'm going
+        # to check for a cached pyc. This may not be optimal...
+        co = _read_pyc(fn, pyc, state.trace)
+        if co is None:
+            state.trace(f"rewriting {fn!r}")
+            source_stat, co = _rewrite_test(fn, self.config)
+            if write:
+                self._writing_pyc = True
+                try:
+                    _write_pyc(state, co, source_stat, pyc)
+                finally:
+                    self._writing_pyc = False
+        else:
+            state.trace(f"found cached rewritten pyc for {fn}")
+        exec(co, module.__dict__)
+
+    def _early_rewrite_bailout(self, name: str, state: AssertionState) -> bool:
+        """A fast way to get out of rewriting modules.
+
+        Profiling has shown that the call to PathFinder.find_spec (inside of
+        the find_spec from this class) is a major slowdown, so, this method
+        tries to filter what we're sure won't be rewritten before getting to
+        it.
+        """
+        if self.session is not None and not self._session_paths_checked:
+            self._session_paths_checked = True
+            for initial_path in self.session._initialpaths:
+                # Make something as c:/projects/my_project/path.py ->
+                #     ['c:', 'projects', 'my_project', 'path.py']
+                parts = str(initial_path).split(os.sep)
+                # add 'path' to basenames to be checked.
+                self._basenames_to_check_rewrite.add(os.path.splitext(parts[-1])[0])
+
+        # Note: conftest already by default in _basenames_to_check_rewrite.
+        parts = name.split(".")
+        if parts[-1] in self._basenames_to_check_rewrite:
+            return False
+
+        # For matching the name it must be as if it was a filename.
+        path = PurePath(*parts).with_suffix(".py")
+
+        for pat in self.fnpats:
+            # if the pattern contains subdirectories ("tests/**.py" for example) we can't bail out based
+            # on the name alone because we need to match against the full path
+            if os.path.dirname(pat):
+                return False
+            if fnmatch_ex(pat, path):
+                return False
+
+        if self._is_marked_for_rewrite(name, state):
+            return False
+
+        state.trace(f"early skip of rewriting module: {name}")
+        return True
+
+    def _should_rewrite(self, name: str, fn: str, state: AssertionState) -> bool:
+        # always rewrite conftest files
+        if os.path.basename(fn) == "conftest.py":
+            state.trace(f"rewriting conftest file: {fn!r}")
+            return True
+
+        if self.session is not None:
+            if self.session.isinitpath(absolutepath(fn)):
+                state.trace(f"matched test file (was specified on cmdline): {fn!r}")
+                return True
+
+        # modules not passed explicitly on the command line are only
+        # rewritten if they match the naming convention for test files
+        fn_path = PurePath(fn)
+        for pat in self.fnpats:
+            if fnmatch_ex(pat, fn_path):
+                state.trace(f"matched test file {fn!r}")
+                return True
+
+        return self._is_marked_for_rewrite(name, state)
+
+    def _is_marked_for_rewrite(self, name: str, state: AssertionState) -> bool:
+        try:
+            return self._marked_for_rewrite_cache[name]
+        except KeyError:
+            for marked in self._must_rewrite:
+                if name == marked or name.startswith(marked + "."):
+                    state.trace(f"matched marked file {name!r} (from {marked!r})")
+                    self._marked_for_rewrite_cache[name] = True
+                    return True
+
+            self._marked_for_rewrite_cache[name] = False
+            return False
+
+    def mark_rewrite(self, *names: str) -> None:
+        """Mark import names as needing to be rewritten.
+
+        The named module or package as well as any nested modules will
+        be rewritten on import.
+        """
+        already_imported = (
+            set(names).intersection(sys.modules).difference(self._rewritten_names)
+        )
+        for name in already_imported:
+            mod = sys.modules[name]
+            if not AssertionRewriter.is_rewrite_disabled(
+                mod.__doc__ or ""
+            ) and not isinstance(mod.__loader__, type(self)):
+                self._warn_already_imported(name)
+        self._must_rewrite.update(names)
+        self._marked_for_rewrite_cache.clear()
+
+    def _warn_already_imported(self, name: str) -> None:
+        from _pytest.warning_types import PytestAssertRewriteWarning
+
+        self.config.issue_config_time_warning(
+            PytestAssertRewriteWarning(
+                f"Module already imported so cannot be rewritten: {name}"
+            ),
+            stacklevel=5,
+        )
+
+    def get_data(self, pathname: str | bytes) -> bytes:
+        """Optional PEP302 get_data API."""
+        with open(pathname, "rb") as f:
+            return f.read()
+
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
+            from importlib.resources.abc import TraversableResources
+        else:
+            from importlib.abc import TraversableResources
+
+        def get_resource_reader(self, name: str) -> TraversableResources:
+            if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+                from importlib.readers import FileReader
+            else:
+                from importlib.resources.readers import FileReader
+
+            return FileReader(types.SimpleNamespace(path=self._rewritten_names[name]))
+
+
+def _write_pyc_fp(
+    fp: IO[bytes], source_stat: os.stat_result, co: types.CodeType
+) -> None:
+    # Technically, we don't have to have the same pyc format as
+    # (C)Python, since these "pycs" should never be seen by builtin
+    # import. However, there's little reason to deviate.
+    fp.write(importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER)
+    # https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0552/
+    flags = b"\x00\x00\x00\x00"
+    fp.write(flags)
+    # as of now, bytecode header expects 32-bit numbers for size and mtime (#4903)
+    mtime = int(source_stat.st_mtime) & 0xFFFFFFFF
+    size = source_stat.st_size & 0xFFFFFFFF
+    # "<LL" stands for 2 unsigned longs, little-endian.
+    fp.write(struct.pack("<LL", mtime, size))
+    fp.write(marshal.dumps(co))
+
+
+def _write_pyc(
+    state: AssertionState,
+    co: types.CodeType,
+    source_stat: os.stat_result,
+    pyc: Path,
+) -> bool:
+    proc_pyc = f"{pyc}.{os.getpid()}"
+    try:
+        with open(proc_pyc, "wb") as fp:
+            _write_pyc_fp(fp, source_stat, co)
+    except OSError as e:
+        state.trace(f"error writing pyc file at {proc_pyc}: errno={e.errno}")
+        return False
+
+    try:
+        os.replace(proc_pyc, pyc)
+    except OSError as e:
+        state.trace(f"error writing pyc file at {pyc}: {e}")
+        # we ignore any failure to write the cache file
+        # there are many reasons, permission-denied, pycache dir being a
+        # file etc.
+        return False
+    return True
+
+
+def _rewrite_test(fn: Path, config: Config) -> tuple[os.stat_result, types.CodeType]:
+    """Read and rewrite *fn* and return the code object."""
+    stat = os.stat(fn)
+    source = fn.read_bytes()
+    strfn = str(fn)
+    tree = ast.parse(source, filename=strfn)
+    rewrite_asserts(tree, source, strfn, config)
+    co = compile(tree, strfn, "exec", dont_inherit=True)
+    return stat, co
+
+
+def _read_pyc(
+    source: Path, pyc: Path, trace: Callable[[str], None] = lambda x: None
+) -> types.CodeType | None:
+    """Possibly read a pytest pyc containing rewritten code.
+
+    Return rewritten code if successful or None if not.
+    """
+    try:
+        fp = open(pyc, "rb")
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+    with fp:
+        try:
+            stat_result = os.stat(source)
+            mtime = int(stat_result.st_mtime)
+            size = stat_result.st_size
+            data = fp.read(16)
+        except OSError as e:
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): OSError {e}")
+            return None
+        # Check for invalid or out of date pyc file.
+        if len(data) != (16):
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): invalid pyc (too short)")
+            return None
+        if data[:4] != importlib.util.MAGIC_NUMBER:
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): invalid pyc (bad magic number)")
+            return None
+        if data[4:8] != b"\x00\x00\x00\x00":
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): invalid pyc (unsupported flags)")
+            return None
+        mtime_data = data[8:12]
+        if int.from_bytes(mtime_data, "little") != mtime & 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): out of date")
+            return None
+        size_data = data[12:16]
+        if int.from_bytes(size_data, "little") != size & 0xFFFFFFFF:
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): invalid pyc (incorrect size)")
+            return None
+        try:
+            co = marshal.load(fp)
+        except Exception as e:
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): marshal.load error {e}")
+            return None
+        if not isinstance(co, types.CodeType):
+            trace(f"_read_pyc({source}): not a code object")
+            return None
+        return co
+
+
+def rewrite_asserts(
+    mod: ast.Module,
+    source: bytes,
+    module_path: str | None = None,
+    config: Config | None = None,
+) -> None:
+    """Rewrite the assert statements in mod."""
+    AssertionRewriter(module_path, config, source).run(mod)
+
+
+def _saferepr(obj: object) -> str:
+    r"""Get a safe repr of an object for assertion error messages.
+
+    The assertion formatting (util.format_explanation()) requires
+    newlines to be escaped since they are a special character for it.
+    Normally assertion.util.format_explanation() does this but for a
+    custom repr it is possible to contain one of the special escape
+    sequences, especially '\n{' and '\n}' are likely to be present in
+    JSON reprs.
+    """
+    if isinstance(obj, types.MethodType):
+        # for bound methods, skip redundant <bound method ...> information
+        return obj.__name__
+
+    maxsize = _get_maxsize_for_saferepr(util._config)
+    return saferepr(obj, maxsize=maxsize).replace("\n", "\\n")
+
+
+def _get_maxsize_for_saferepr(config: Config | None) -> int | None:
+    """Get `maxsize` configuration for saferepr based on the given config object."""
+    if config is None:
+        verbosity = 0
+    else:
+        verbosity = config.get_verbosity(Config.VERBOSITY_ASSERTIONS)
+    if verbosity >= 2:
+        return None
+    if verbosity >= 1:
+        return DEFAULT_REPR_MAX_SIZE * 10
+    return DEFAULT_REPR_MAX_SIZE
+
+
+def _format_assertmsg(obj: object) -> str:
+    r"""Format the custom assertion message given.
+
+    For strings this simply replaces newlines with '\n~' so that
+    util.format_explanation() will preserve them instead of escaping
+    newlines.  For other objects saferepr() is used first.
+    """
+    # reprlib appears to have a bug which means that if a string
+    # contains a newline it gets escaped, however if an object has a
+    # .__repr__() which contains newlines it does not get escaped.
+    # However in either case we want to preserve the newline.
+    replaces = [("\n", "\n~"), ("%", "%%")]
+    if not isinstance(obj, str):
+        obj = saferepr(obj, _get_maxsize_for_saferepr(util._config))
+        replaces.append(("\\n", "\n~"))
+
+    for r1, r2 in replaces:
+        obj = obj.replace(r1, r2)
+
+    return obj
+
+
+def _should_repr_global_name(obj: object) -> bool:
+    if callable(obj):
+        return False
+
+    try:
+        return not hasattr(obj, "__name__")
+    except Exception:
+        return True
+
+
+def _format_boolop(explanations: Iterable[str], is_or: bool) -> str:
+    explanation = "(" + (is_or and " or " or " and ").join(explanations) + ")"
+    return explanation.replace("%", "%%")
+
+
+def _call_reprcompare(
+    ops: Sequence[str],
+    results: Sequence[bool],
+    expls: Sequence[str],
+    each_obj: Sequence[object],
+) -> str:
+    for i, res, expl in zip(range(len(ops)), results, expls):
+        try:
+            done = not res
+        except Exception:
+            done = True
+        if done:
+            break
+    if util._reprcompare is not None:
+        custom = util._reprcompare(ops[i], each_obj[i], each_obj[i + 1])
+        if custom is not None:
+            return custom
+    return expl
+
+
+def _call_assertion_pass(lineno: int, orig: str, expl: str) -> None:
+    if util._assertion_pass is not None:
+        util._assertion_pass(lineno, orig, expl)
+
+
+def _check_if_assertion_pass_impl() -> bool:
+    """Check if any plugins implement the pytest_assertion_pass hook
+    in order not to generate explanation unnecessarily (might be expensive)."""
+    return True if util._assertion_pass else False
+
+
+UNARY_MAP = {ast.Not: "not %s", ast.Invert: "~%s", ast.USub: "-%s", ast.UAdd: "+%s"}
+
+BINOP_MAP = {
+    ast.BitOr: "|",
+    ast.BitXor: "^",
+    ast.BitAnd: "&",
+    ast.LShift: "<<",
+    ast.RShift: ">>",
+    ast.Add: "+",
+    ast.Sub: "-",
+    ast.Mult: "*",
+    ast.Div: "/",
+    ast.FloorDiv: "//",
+    ast.Mod: "%%",  # escaped for string formatting
+    ast.Eq: "==",
+    ast.NotEq: "!=",
+    ast.Lt: "<",
+    ast.LtE: "<=",
+    ast.Gt: ">",
+    ast.GtE: ">=",
+    ast.Pow: "**",
+    ast.Is: "is",
+    ast.IsNot: "is not",
+    ast.In: "in",
+    ast.NotIn: "not in",
+    ast.MatMult: "@",
+}
+
+
+def traverse_node(node: ast.AST) -> Iterator[ast.AST]:
+    """Recursively yield node and all its children in depth-first order."""
+    yield node
+    for child in ast.iter_child_nodes(node):
+        yield from traverse_node(child)
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=1)
+def _get_assertion_exprs(src: bytes) -> dict[int, str]:
+    """Return a mapping from {lineno: "assertion test expression"}."""
+    ret: dict[int, str] = {}
+
+    depth = 0
+    lines: list[str] = []
+    assert_lineno: int | None = None
+    seen_lines: set[int] = set()
+
+    def _write_and_reset() -> None:
+        nonlocal depth, lines, assert_lineno, seen_lines
+        assert assert_lineno is not None
+        ret[assert_lineno] = "".join(lines).rstrip().rstrip("\\")
+        depth = 0
+        lines = []
+        assert_lineno = None
+        seen_lines = set()
+
+    tokens = tokenize.tokenize(io.BytesIO(src).readline)
+    for tp, source, (lineno, offset), _, line in tokens:
+        if tp == tokenize.NAME and source == "assert":
+            assert_lineno = lineno
+        elif assert_lineno is not None:
+            # keep track of depth for the assert-message `,` lookup
+            if tp == tokenize.OP and source in "([{":
+                depth += 1
+            elif tp == tokenize.OP and source in ")]}":
+                depth -= 1
+
+            if not lines:
+                lines.append(line[offset:])
+                seen_lines.add(lineno)
+            # a non-nested comma separates the expression from the message
+            elif depth == 0 and tp == tokenize.OP and source == ",":
+                # one line assert with message
+                if lineno in seen_lines and len(lines) == 1:
+                    offset_in_trimmed = offset + len(lines[-1]) - len(line)
+                    lines[-1] = lines[-1][:offset_in_trimmed]
+                # multi-line assert with message
+                elif lineno in seen_lines:
+                    lines[-1] = lines[-1][:offset]
+                # multi line assert with escaped newline before message
+                else:
+                    lines.append(line[:offset])
+                _write_and_reset()
+            elif tp in {tokenize.NEWLINE, tokenize.ENDMARKER}:
+                _write_and_reset()
+            elif lines and lineno not in seen_lines:
+                lines.append(line)
+                seen_lines.add(lineno)
+
+    return ret
+
+
+class AssertionRewriter(ast.NodeVisitor):
+    """Assertion rewriting implementation.
+
+    The main entrypoint is to call .run() with an ast.Module instance,
+    this will then find all the assert statements and rewrite them to
+    provide intermediate values and a detailed assertion error.  See
+    http://pybites.blogspot.be/2011/07/behind-scenes-of-pytests-new-assertion.html
+    for an overview of how this works.
+
+    The entry point here is .run() which will iterate over all the
+    statements in an ast.Module and for each ast.Assert statement it
+    finds call .visit() with it.  Then .visit_Assert() takes over and
+    is responsible for creating new ast statements to replace the
+    original assert statement: it rewrites the test of an assertion
+    to provide intermediate values and replace it with an if statement
+    which raises an assertion error with a detailed explanation in
+    case the expression is false and calls pytest_assertion_pass hook
+    if expression is true.
+
+    For this .visit_Assert() uses the visitor pattern to visit all the
+    AST nodes of the ast.Assert.test field, each visit call returning
+    an AST node and the corresponding explanation string.  During this
+    state is kept in several instance attributes:
+
+    :statements: All the AST statements which will replace the assert
+       statement.
+
+    :variables: This is populated by .variable() with each variable
+       used by the statements so that they can all be set to None at
+       the end of the statements.
+
+    :variable_counter: Counter to create new unique variables needed
+       by statements.  Variables are created using .variable() and
+       have the form of "@py_assert0".
+
+    :expl_stmts: The AST statements which will be executed to get
+       data from the assertion.  This is the code which will construct
+       the detailed assertion message that is used in the AssertionError
+       or for the pytest_assertion_pass hook.
+
+    :explanation_specifiers: A dict filled by .explanation_param()
+       with %-formatting placeholders and their corresponding
+       expressions to use in the building of an assertion message.
+       This is used by .pop_format_context() to build a message.
+
+    :stack: A stack of the explanation_specifiers dicts maintained by
+       .push_format_context() and .pop_format_context() which allows
+       to build another %-formatted string while already building one.
+
+    :scope: A tuple containing the current scope used for variables_overwrite.
+
+    :variables_overwrite: A dict filled with references to variables
+       that change value within an assert. This happens when a variable is
+       reassigned with the walrus operator
+
+    This state, except the variables_overwrite,  is reset on every new assert
+    statement visited and used by the other visitors.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, module_path: str | None, config: Config | None, source: bytes
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__()
+        self.module_path = module_path
+        self.config = config
+        if config is not None:
+            self.enable_assertion_pass_hook = config.getini(
+                "enable_assertion_pass_hook"
+            )
+        else:
+            self.enable_assertion_pass_hook = False
+        self.source = source
+        self.scope: tuple[ast.AST, ...] = ()
+        self.variables_overwrite: defaultdict[tuple[ast.AST, ...], dict[str, str]] = (
+            defaultdict(dict)
+        )
+
+    def run(self, mod: ast.Module) -> None:
+        """Find all assert statements in *mod* and rewrite them."""
+        if not mod.body:
+            # Nothing to do.
+            return
+
+        # We'll insert some special imports at the top of the module, but after any
+        # docstrings and __future__ imports, so first figure out where that is.
+        doc = getattr(mod, "docstring", None)
+        expect_docstring = doc is None
+        if doc is not None and self.is_rewrite_disabled(doc):
+            return
+        pos = 0
+        item = None
+        for item in mod.body:
+            if (
+                expect_docstring
+                and isinstance(item, ast.Expr)
+                and isinstance(item.value, ast.Constant)
+                and isinstance(item.value.value, str)
+            ):
+                doc = item.value.value
+                if self.is_rewrite_disabled(doc):
+                    return
+                expect_docstring = False
+            elif (
+                isinstance(item, ast.ImportFrom)
+                and item.level == 0
+                and item.module == "__future__"
+            ):
+                pass
+            else:
+                break
+            pos += 1
+        # Special case: for a decorated function, set the lineno to that of the
+        # first decorator, not the `def`. Issue #4984.
+        if isinstance(item, ast.FunctionDef) and item.decorator_list:
+            lineno = item.decorator_list[0].lineno
+        else:
+            lineno = item.lineno
+        # Now actually insert the special imports.
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+            aliases = [
+                ast.alias("builtins", "@py_builtins", lineno=lineno, col_offset=0),
+                ast.alias(
+                    "_pytest.assertion.rewrite",
+                    "@pytest_ar",
+                    lineno=lineno,
+                    col_offset=0,
+                ),
+            ]
+        else:
+            aliases = [
+                ast.alias("builtins", "@py_builtins"),
+                ast.alias("_pytest.assertion.rewrite", "@pytest_ar"),
+            ]
+        imports = [
+            ast.Import([alias], lineno=lineno, col_offset=0) for alias in aliases
+        ]
+        mod.body[pos:pos] = imports
+
+        # Collect asserts.
+        self.scope = (mod,)
+        nodes: list[ast.AST | Sentinel] = [mod]
+        while nodes:
+            node = nodes.pop()
+            if isinstance(node, (ast.FunctionDef, ast.AsyncFunctionDef, ast.ClassDef)):
+                self.scope = tuple((*self.scope, node))
+                nodes.append(_SCOPE_END_MARKER)
+            if node == _SCOPE_END_MARKER:
+                self.scope = self.scope[:-1]
+                continue
+            assert isinstance(node, ast.AST)
+            for name, field in ast.iter_fields(node):
+                if isinstance(field, list):
+                    new: list[ast.AST] = []
+                    for i, child in enumerate(field):
+                        if isinstance(child, ast.Assert):
+                            # Transform assert.
+                            new.extend(self.visit(child))
+                        else:
+                            new.append(child)
+                            if isinstance(child, ast.AST):
+                                nodes.append(child)
+                    setattr(node, name, new)
+                elif (
+                    isinstance(field, ast.AST)
+                    # Don't recurse into expressions as they can't contain
+                    # asserts.
+                    and not isinstance(field, ast.expr)
+                ):
+                    nodes.append(field)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_rewrite_disabled(docstring: str) -> bool:
+        return "PYTEST_DONT_REWRITE" in docstring
+
+    def variable(self) -> str:
+        """Get a new variable."""
+        # Use a character invalid in python identifiers to avoid clashing.
+        name = "@py_assert" + str(next(self.variable_counter))
+        self.variables.append(name)
+        return name
+
+    def assign(self, expr: ast.expr) -> ast.Name:
+        """Give *expr* a name."""
+        name = self.variable()
+        self.statements.append(ast.Assign([ast.Name(name, ast.Store())], expr))
+        return ast.copy_location(ast.Name(name, ast.Load()), expr)
+
+    def display(self, expr: ast.expr) -> ast.expr:
+        """Call saferepr on the expression."""
+        return self.helper("_saferepr", expr)
+
+    def helper(self, name: str, *args: ast.expr) -> ast.expr:
+        """Call a helper in this module."""
+        py_name = ast.Name("@pytest_ar", ast.Load())
+        attr = ast.Attribute(py_name, name, ast.Load())
+        return ast.Call(attr, list(args), [])
+
+    def builtin(self, name: str) -> ast.Attribute:
+        """Return the builtin called *name*."""
+        builtin_name = ast.Name("@py_builtins", ast.Load())
+        return ast.Attribute(builtin_name, name, ast.Load())
+
+    def explanation_param(self, expr: ast.expr) -> str:
+        """Return a new named %-formatting placeholder for expr.
+
+        This creates a %-formatting placeholder for expr in the
+        current formatting context, e.g. ``%(py0)s``.  The placeholder
+        and expr are placed in the current format context so that it
+        can be used on the next call to .pop_format_context().
+        """
+        specifier = "py" + str(next(self.variable_counter))
+        self.explanation_specifiers[specifier] = expr
+        return "%(" + specifier + ")s"
+
+    def push_format_context(self) -> None:
+        """Create a new formatting context.
+
+        The format context is used for when an explanation wants to
+        have a variable value formatted in the assertion message.  In
+        this case the value required can be added using
+        .explanation_param().  Finally .pop_format_context() is used
+        to format a string of %-formatted values as added by
+        .explanation_param().
+        """
+        self.explanation_specifiers: dict[str, ast.expr] = {}
+        self.stack.append(self.explanation_specifiers)
+
+    def pop_format_context(self, expl_expr: ast.expr) -> ast.Name:
+        """Format the %-formatted string with current format context.
+
+        The expl_expr should be an str ast.expr instance constructed from
+        the %-placeholders created by .explanation_param().  This will
+        add the required code to format said string to .expl_stmts and
+        return the ast.Name instance of the formatted string.
+        """
+        current = self.stack.pop()
+        if self.stack:
+            self.explanation_specifiers = self.stack[-1]
+        keys: list[ast.expr | None] = [ast.Constant(key) for key in current.keys()]
+        format_dict = ast.Dict(keys, list(current.values()))
+        form = ast.BinOp(expl_expr, ast.Mod(), format_dict)
+        name = "@py_format" + str(next(self.variable_counter))
+        if self.enable_assertion_pass_hook:
+            self.format_variables.append(name)
+        self.expl_stmts.append(ast.Assign([ast.Name(name, ast.Store())], form))
+        return ast.Name(name, ast.Load())
+
+    def generic_visit(self, node: ast.AST) -> tuple[ast.Name, str]:
+        """Handle expressions we don't have custom code for."""
+        assert isinstance(node, ast.expr)
+        res = self.assign(node)
+        return res, self.explanation_param(self.display(res))
+
+    def visit_Assert(self, assert_: ast.Assert) -> list[ast.stmt]:
+        """Return the AST statements to replace the ast.Assert instance.
+
+        This rewrites the test of an assertion to provide
+        intermediate values and replace it with an if statement which
+        raises an assertion error with a detailed explanation in case
+        the expression is false.
+        """
+        if isinstance(assert_.test, ast.Tuple) and len(assert_.test.elts) >= 1:
+            import warnings
+
+            from _pytest.warning_types import PytestAssertRewriteWarning
+
+            # TODO: This assert should not be needed.
+            assert self.module_path is not None
+            warnings.warn_explicit(
+                PytestAssertRewriteWarning(
+                    "assertion is always true, perhaps remove parentheses?"
+                ),
+                category=None,
+                filename=self.module_path,
+                lineno=assert_.lineno,
+            )
+
+        self.statements: list[ast.stmt] = []
+        self.variables: list[str] = []
+        self.variable_counter = itertools.count()
+
+        if self.enable_assertion_pass_hook:
+            self.format_variables: list[str] = []
+
+        self.stack: list[dict[str, ast.expr]] = []
+        self.expl_stmts: list[ast.stmt] = []
+        self.push_format_context()
+        # Rewrite assert into a bunch of statements.
+        top_condition, explanation = self.visit(assert_.test)
+
+        negation = ast.UnaryOp(ast.Not(), top_condition)
+
+        if self.enable_assertion_pass_hook:  # Experimental pytest_assertion_pass hook
+            msg = self.pop_format_context(ast.Constant(explanation))
+
+            # Failed
+            if assert_.msg:
+                assertmsg = self.helper("_format_assertmsg", assert_.msg)
+                gluestr = "\n>assert "
+            else:
+                assertmsg = ast.Constant("")
+                gluestr = "assert "
+            err_explanation = ast.BinOp(ast.Constant(gluestr), ast.Add(), msg)
+            err_msg = ast.BinOp(assertmsg, ast.Add(), err_explanation)
+            err_name = ast.Name("AssertionError", ast.Load())
+            fmt = self.helper("_format_explanation", err_msg)
+            exc = ast.Call(err_name, [fmt], [])
+            raise_ = ast.Raise(exc, None)
+            statements_fail = []
+            statements_fail.extend(self.expl_stmts)
+            statements_fail.append(raise_)
+
+            # Passed
+            fmt_pass = self.helper("_format_explanation", msg)
+            orig = _get_assertion_exprs(self.source)[assert_.lineno]
+            hook_call_pass = ast.Expr(
+                self.helper(
+                    "_call_assertion_pass",
+                    ast.Constant(assert_.lineno),
+                    ast.Constant(orig),
+                    fmt_pass,
+                )
+            )
+            # If any hooks implement assert_pass hook
+            hook_impl_test = ast.If(
+                self.helper("_check_if_assertion_pass_impl"),
+                [*self.expl_stmts, hook_call_pass],
+                [],
+            )
+            statements_pass: list[ast.stmt] = [hook_impl_test]
+
+            # Test for assertion condition
+            main_test = ast.If(negation, statements_fail, statements_pass)
+            self.statements.append(main_test)
+            if self.format_variables:
+                variables: list[ast.expr] = [
+                    ast.Name(name, ast.Store()) for name in self.format_variables
+                ]
+                clear_format = ast.Assign(variables, ast.Constant(None))
+                self.statements.append(clear_format)
+
+        else:  # Original assertion rewriting
+            # Create failure message.
+            body = self.expl_stmts
+            self.statements.append(ast.If(negation, body, []))
+            if assert_.msg:
+                assertmsg = self.helper("_format_assertmsg", assert_.msg)
+                explanation = "\n>assert " + explanation
+            else:
+                assertmsg = ast.Constant("")
+                explanation = "assert " + explanation
+            template = ast.BinOp(assertmsg, ast.Add(), ast.Constant(explanation))
+            msg = self.pop_format_context(template)
+            fmt = self.helper("_format_explanation", msg)
+            err_name = ast.Name("AssertionError", ast.Load())
+            exc = ast.Call(err_name, [fmt], [])
+            raise_ = ast.Raise(exc, None)
+
+            body.append(raise_)
+
+        # Clear temporary variables by setting them to None.
+        if self.variables:
+            variables = [ast.Name(name, ast.Store()) for name in self.variables]
+            clear = ast.Assign(variables, ast.Constant(None))
+            self.statements.append(clear)
+        # Fix locations (line numbers/column offsets).
+        for stmt in self.statements:
+            for node in traverse_node(stmt):
+                if getattr(node, "lineno", None) is None:
+                    # apply the assertion location to all generated ast nodes without source location
+                    # and preserve the location of existing nodes or generated nodes with an correct location.
+                    ast.copy_location(node, assert_)
+        return self.statements
+
+    def visit_NamedExpr(self, name: ast.NamedExpr) -> tuple[ast.NamedExpr, str]:
+        # This method handles the 'walrus operator' repr of the target
+        # name if it's a local variable or _should_repr_global_name()
+        # thinks it's acceptable.
+        locs = ast.Call(self.builtin("locals"), [], [])
+        target_id = name.target.id
+        inlocs = ast.Compare(ast.Constant(target_id), [ast.In()], [locs])
+        dorepr = self.helper("_should_repr_global_name", name)
+        test = ast.BoolOp(ast.Or(), [inlocs, dorepr])
+        expr = ast.IfExp(test, self.display(name), ast.Constant(target_id))
+        return name, self.explanation_param(expr)
+
+    def visit_Name(self, name: ast.Name) -> tuple[ast.Name, str]:
+        # Display the repr of the name if it's a local variable or
+        # _should_repr_global_name() thinks it's acceptable.
+        locs = ast.Call(self.builtin("locals"), [], [])
+        inlocs = ast.Compare(ast.Constant(name.id), [ast.In()], [locs])
+        dorepr = self.helper("_should_repr_global_name", name)
+        test = ast.BoolOp(ast.Or(), [inlocs, dorepr])
+        expr = ast.IfExp(test, self.display(name), ast.Constant(name.id))
+        return name, self.explanation_param(expr)
+
+    def visit_BoolOp(self, boolop: ast.BoolOp) -> tuple[ast.Name, str]:
+        res_var = self.variable()
+        expl_list = self.assign(ast.List([], ast.Load()))
+        app = ast.Attribute(expl_list, "append", ast.Load())
+        is_or = int(isinstance(boolop.op, ast.Or))
+        body = save = self.statements
+        fail_save = self.expl_stmts
+        levels = len(boolop.values) - 1
+        self.push_format_context()
+        # Process each operand, short-circuiting if needed.
+        for i, v in enumerate(boolop.values):
+            if i:
+                fail_inner: list[ast.stmt] = []
+                # cond is set in a prior loop iteration below
+                self.expl_stmts.append(ast.If(cond, fail_inner, []))  # noqa: F821
+                self.expl_stmts = fail_inner
+                # Check if the left operand is a ast.NamedExpr and the value has already been visited
+                if (
+                    isinstance(v, ast.Compare)
+                    and isinstance(v.left, ast.NamedExpr)
+                    and v.left.target.id
+                    in [
+                        ast_expr.id
+                        for ast_expr in boolop.values[:i]
+                        if hasattr(ast_expr, "id")
+                    ]
+                ):
+                    pytest_temp = self.variable()
+                    self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][v.left.target.id] = v.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
+                    v.left.target.id = pytest_temp
+            self.push_format_context()
+            res, expl = self.visit(v)
+            body.append(ast.Assign([ast.Name(res_var, ast.Store())], res))
+            expl_format = self.pop_format_context(ast.Constant(expl))
+            call = ast.Call(app, [expl_format], [])
+            self.expl_stmts.append(ast.Expr(call))
+            if i < levels:
+                cond: ast.expr = res
+                if is_or:
+                    cond = ast.UnaryOp(ast.Not(), cond)
+                inner: list[ast.stmt] = []
+                self.statements.append(ast.If(cond, inner, []))
+                self.statements = body = inner
+        self.statements = save
+        self.expl_stmts = fail_save
+        expl_template = self.helper("_format_boolop", expl_list, ast.Constant(is_or))
+        expl = self.pop_format_context(expl_template)
+        return ast.Name(res_var, ast.Load()), self.explanation_param(expl)
+
+    def visit_UnaryOp(self, unary: ast.UnaryOp) -> tuple[ast.Name, str]:
+        pattern = UNARY_MAP[unary.op.__class__]
+        operand_res, operand_expl = self.visit(unary.operand)
+        res = self.assign(ast.copy_location(ast.UnaryOp(unary.op, operand_res), unary))
+        return res, pattern % (operand_expl,)
+
+    def visit_BinOp(self, binop: ast.BinOp) -> tuple[ast.Name, str]:
+        symbol = BINOP_MAP[binop.op.__class__]
+        left_expr, left_expl = self.visit(binop.left)
+        right_expr, right_expl = self.visit(binop.right)
+        explanation = f"({left_expl} {symbol} {right_expl})"
+        res = self.assign(
+            ast.copy_location(ast.BinOp(left_expr, binop.op, right_expr), binop)
+        )
+        return res, explanation
+
+    def visit_Call(self, call: ast.Call) -> tuple[ast.Name, str]:
+        new_func, func_expl = self.visit(call.func)
+        arg_expls = []
+        new_args = []
+        new_kwargs = []
+        for arg in call.args:
+            if isinstance(arg, ast.Name) and arg.id in self.variables_overwrite.get(
+                self.scope, {}
+            ):
+                arg = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][arg.id]  # type:ignore[assignment]
+            res, expl = self.visit(arg)
+            arg_expls.append(expl)
+            new_args.append(res)
+        for keyword in call.keywords:
+            if isinstance(
+                keyword.value, ast.Name
+            ) and keyword.value.id in self.variables_overwrite.get(self.scope, {}):
+                keyword.value = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][keyword.value.id]  # type:ignore[assignment]
+            res, expl = self.visit(keyword.value)
+            new_kwargs.append(ast.keyword(keyword.arg, res))
+            if keyword.arg:
+                arg_expls.append(keyword.arg + "=" + expl)
+            else:  # **args have `arg` keywords with an .arg of None
+                arg_expls.append("**" + expl)
+
+        expl = "{}({})".format(func_expl, ", ".join(arg_expls))
+        new_call = ast.copy_location(ast.Call(new_func, new_args, new_kwargs), call)
+        res = self.assign(new_call)
+        res_expl = self.explanation_param(self.display(res))
+        outer_expl = f"{res_expl}\n{{{res_expl} = {expl}\n}}"
+        return res, outer_expl
+
+    def visit_Starred(self, starred: ast.Starred) -> tuple[ast.Starred, str]:
+        # A Starred node can appear in a function call.
+        res, expl = self.visit(starred.value)
+        new_starred = ast.Starred(res, starred.ctx)
+        return new_starred, "*" + expl
+
+    def visit_Attribute(self, attr: ast.Attribute) -> tuple[ast.Name, str]:
+        if not isinstance(attr.ctx, ast.Load):
+            return self.generic_visit(attr)
+        value, value_expl = self.visit(attr.value)
+        res = self.assign(
+            ast.copy_location(ast.Attribute(value, attr.attr, ast.Load()), attr)
+        )
+        res_expl = self.explanation_param(self.display(res))
+        pat = "%s\n{%s = %s.%s\n}"
+        expl = pat % (res_expl, res_expl, value_expl, attr.attr)
+        return res, expl
+
+    def visit_Compare(self, comp: ast.Compare) -> tuple[ast.expr, str]:
+        self.push_format_context()
+        # We first check if we have overwritten a variable in the previous assert
+        if isinstance(
+            comp.left, ast.Name
+        ) and comp.left.id in self.variables_overwrite.get(self.scope, {}):
+            comp.left = self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][comp.left.id]  # type:ignore[assignment]
+        if isinstance(comp.left, ast.NamedExpr):
+            self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][comp.left.target.id] = comp.left  # type:ignore[assignment]
+        left_res, left_expl = self.visit(comp.left)
+        if isinstance(comp.left, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
+            left_expl = f"({left_expl})"
+        res_variables = [self.variable() for i in range(len(comp.ops))]
+        load_names: list[ast.expr] = [ast.Name(v, ast.Load()) for v in res_variables]
+        store_names = [ast.Name(v, ast.Store()) for v in res_variables]
+        it = zip(range(len(comp.ops)), comp.ops, comp.comparators)
+        expls: list[ast.expr] = []
+        syms: list[ast.expr] = []
+        results = [left_res]
+        for i, op, next_operand in it:
+            if (
+                isinstance(next_operand, ast.NamedExpr)
+                and isinstance(left_res, ast.Name)
+                and next_operand.target.id == left_res.id
+            ):
+                next_operand.target.id = self.variable()
+                self.variables_overwrite[self.scope][left_res.id] = next_operand  # type:ignore[assignment]
+            next_res, next_expl = self.visit(next_operand)
+            if isinstance(next_operand, (ast.Compare, ast.BoolOp)):
+                next_expl = f"({next_expl})"
+            results.append(next_res)
+            sym = BINOP_MAP[op.__class__]
+            syms.append(ast.Constant(sym))
+            expl = f"{left_expl} {sym} {next_expl}"
+            expls.append(ast.Constant(expl))
+            res_expr = ast.copy_location(ast.Compare(left_res, [op], [next_res]), comp)
+            self.statements.append(ast.Assign([store_names[i]], res_expr))
+            left_res, left_expl = next_res, next_expl
+        # Use pytest.assertion.util._reprcompare if that's available.
+        expl_call = self.helper(
+            "_call_reprcompare",
+            ast.Tuple(syms, ast.Load()),
+            ast.Tuple(load_names, ast.Load()),
+            ast.Tuple(expls, ast.Load()),
+            ast.Tuple(results, ast.Load()),
+        )
+        if len(comp.ops) > 1:
+            res: ast.expr = ast.BoolOp(ast.And(), load_names)
+        else:
+            res = load_names[0]
+
+        return res, self.explanation_param(self.pop_format_context(expl_call))
+
+
+def try_makedirs(cache_dir: Path) -> bool:
+    """Attempt to create the given directory and sub-directories exist.
+
+    Returns True if successful or if it already exists.
+    """
+    try:
+        os.makedirs(cache_dir, exist_ok=True)
+    except (FileNotFoundError, NotADirectoryError, FileExistsError):
+        # One of the path components was not a directory:
+        # - we're in a zip file
+        # - it is a file
+        return False
+    except PermissionError:
+        return False
+    except OSError as e:
+        # as of now, EROFS doesn't have an equivalent OSError-subclass
+        #
+        # squashfuse_ll returns ENOSYS "OSError: [Errno 38] Function not
+        # implemented" for a read-only error
+        if e.errno in {errno.EROFS, errno.ENOSYS}:
+            return False
+        raise
+    return True
+
+
+def get_cache_dir(file_path: Path) -> Path:
+    """Return the cache directory to write .pyc files for the given .py file path."""
+    if sys.pycache_prefix:
+        # given:
+        #   prefix = '/tmp/pycs'
+        #   path = '/home/user/proj/test_app.py'
+        # we want:
+        #   '/tmp/pycs/home/user/proj'
+        return Path(sys.pycache_prefix) / Path(*file_path.parts[1:-1])
+    else:
+        # classic pycache directory
+        return file_path.parent / "__pycache__"

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/assertion/truncate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+"""Utilities for truncating assertion output.
+
+Current default behaviour is to truncate assertion explanations at
+terminal lines, unless running with an assertions verbosity level of at least 2 or running on CI.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from _pytest.assertion import util
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.nodes import Item
+
+
+DEFAULT_MAX_LINES = 8
+DEFAULT_MAX_CHARS = 8 * 80
+USAGE_MSG = "use '-vv' to show"
+
+
+def truncate_if_required(
+    explanation: list[str], item: Item, max_length: int | None = None
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Truncate this assertion explanation if the given test item is eligible."""
+    if _should_truncate_item(item):
+        return _truncate_explanation(explanation)
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _should_truncate_item(item: Item) -> bool:
+    """Whether or not this test item is eligible for truncation."""
+    verbose = item.config.get_verbosity(Config.VERBOSITY_ASSERTIONS)
+    return verbose < 2 and not util.running_on_ci()
+
+
+def _truncate_explanation(
+    input_lines: list[str],
+    max_lines: int | None = None,
+    max_chars: int | None = None,
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Truncate given list of strings that makes up the assertion explanation.
+
+    Truncates to either 8 lines, or 640 characters - whichever the input reaches
+    first, taking the truncation explanation into account. The remaining lines
+    will be replaced by a usage message.
+    """
+    if max_lines is None:
+        max_lines = DEFAULT_MAX_LINES
+    if max_chars is None:
+        max_chars = DEFAULT_MAX_CHARS
+
+    # Check if truncation required
+    input_char_count = len("".join(input_lines))
+    # The length of the truncation explanation depends on the number of lines
+    # removed but is at least 68 characters:
+    # The real value is
+    # 64 (for the base message:
+    # '...\n...Full output truncated (1 line hidden), use '-vv' to show")'
+    # )
+    # + 1 (for plural)
+    # + int(math.log10(len(input_lines) - max_lines)) (number of hidden line, at least 1)
+    # + 3 for the '...' added to the truncated line
+    # But if there's more than 100 lines it's very likely that we're going to
+    # truncate, so we don't need the exact value using log10.
+    tolerable_max_chars = (
+        max_chars + 70  # 64 + 1 (for plural) + 2 (for '99') + 3 for '...'
+    )
+    # The truncation explanation add two lines to the output
+    tolerable_max_lines = max_lines + 2
+    if (
+        len(input_lines) <= tolerable_max_lines
+        and input_char_count <= tolerable_max_chars
+    ):
+        return input_lines
+    # Truncate first to max_lines, and then truncate to max_chars if necessary
+    truncated_explanation = input_lines[:max_lines]
+    truncated_char = True
+    # We reevaluate the need to truncate chars following removal of some lines
+    if len("".join(truncated_explanation)) > tolerable_max_chars:
+        truncated_explanation = _truncate_by_char_count(
+            truncated_explanation, max_chars
+        )
+    else:
+        truncated_char = False
+
+    truncated_line_count = len(input_lines) - len(truncated_explanation)
+    if truncated_explanation[-1]:
+        # Add ellipsis and take into account part-truncated final line
+        truncated_explanation[-1] = truncated_explanation[-1] + "..."
+        if truncated_char:
+            # It's possible that we did not remove any char from this line
+            truncated_line_count += 1
+    else:
+        # Add proper ellipsis when we were able to fit a full line exactly
+        truncated_explanation[-1] = "..."
+    return [
+        *truncated_explanation,
+        "",
+        f"...Full output truncated ({truncated_line_count} line"
+        f"{'' if truncated_line_count == 1 else 's'} hidden), {USAGE_MSG}",
+    ]
+
+
+def _truncate_by_char_count(input_lines: list[str], max_chars: int) -> list[str]:
+    # Find point at which input length exceeds total allowed length
+    iterated_char_count = 0
+    for iterated_index, input_line in enumerate(input_lines):
+        if iterated_char_count + len(input_line) > max_chars:
+            break
+        iterated_char_count += len(input_line)
+
+    # Create truncated explanation with modified final line
+    truncated_result = input_lines[:iterated_index]
+    final_line = input_lines[iterated_index]
+    if final_line:
+        final_line_truncate_point = max_chars - iterated_char_count
+        final_line = final_line[:final_line_truncate_point]
+    truncated_result.append(final_line)
+    return truncated_result

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/assertion/util.py

@@ -0,0 +1,609 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+"""Utilities for assertion debugging."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import collections.abc
+import os
+import pprint
+from typing import AbstractSet
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Literal
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import Protocol
+from typing import Sequence
+from unicodedata import normalize
+
+from _pytest import outcomes
+import _pytest._code
+from _pytest._io.pprint import PrettyPrinter
+from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr
+from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr_unlimited
+from _pytest.config import Config
+
+
+# The _reprcompare attribute on the util module is used by the new assertion
+# interpretation code and assertion rewriter to detect this plugin was
+# loaded and in turn call the hooks defined here as part of the
+# DebugInterpreter.
+_reprcompare: Callable[[str, object, object], str | None] | None = None
+
+# Works similarly as _reprcompare attribute. Is populated with the hook call
+# when pytest_runtest_setup is called.
+_assertion_pass: Callable[[int, str, str], None] | None = None
+
+# Config object which is assigned during pytest_runtest_protocol.
+_config: Config | None = None
+
+
+class _HighlightFunc(Protocol):
+    def __call__(self, source: str, lexer: Literal["diff", "python"] = "python") -> str:
+        """Apply highlighting to the given source."""
+
+
+def format_explanation(explanation: str) -> str:
+    r"""Format an explanation.
+
+    Normally all embedded newlines are escaped, however there are
+    three exceptions: \n{, \n} and \n~.  The first two are intended
+    cover nested explanations, see function and attribute explanations
+    for examples (.visit_Call(), visit_Attribute()).  The last one is
+    for when one explanation needs to span multiple lines, e.g. when
+    displaying diffs.
+    """
+    lines = _split_explanation(explanation)
+    result = _format_lines(lines)
+    return "\n".join(result)
+
+
+def _split_explanation(explanation: str) -> list[str]:
+    r"""Return a list of individual lines in the explanation.
+
+    This will return a list of lines split on '\n{', '\n}' and '\n~'.
+    Any other newlines will be escaped and appear in the line as the
+    literal '\n' characters.
+    """
+    raw_lines = (explanation or "").split("\n")
+    lines = [raw_lines[0]]
+    for values in raw_lines[1:]:
+        if values and values[0] in ["{", "}", "~", ">"]:
+            lines.append(values)
+        else:
+            lines[-1] += "\\n" + values
+    return lines
+
+
+def _format_lines(lines: Sequence[str]) -> list[str]:
+    """Format the individual lines.
+
+    This will replace the '{', '}' and '~' characters of our mini formatting
+    language with the proper 'where ...', 'and ...' and ' + ...' text, taking
+    care of indentation along the way.
+
+    Return a list of formatted lines.
+    """
+    result = list(lines[:1])
+    stack = [0]
+    stackcnt = [0]
+    for line in lines[1:]:
+        if line.startswith("{"):
+            if stackcnt[-1]:
+                s = "and   "
+            else:
+                s = "where "
+            stack.append(len(result))
+            stackcnt[-1] += 1
+            stackcnt.append(0)
+            result.append(" +" + "  " * (len(stack) - 1) + s + line[1:])
+        elif line.startswith("}"):
+            stack.pop()
+            stackcnt.pop()
+            result[stack[-1]] += line[1:]
+        else:
+            assert line[0] in ["~", ">"]
+            stack[-1] += 1
+            indent = len(stack) if line.startswith("~") else len(stack) - 1
+            result.append("  " * indent + line[1:])
+    assert len(stack) == 1
+    return result
+
+
+def issequence(x: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(x, collections.abc.Sequence) and not isinstance(x, str)
+
+
+def istext(x: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(x, str)
+
+
+def isdict(x: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(x, dict)
+
+
+def isset(x: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(x, (set, frozenset))
+
+
+def isnamedtuple(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    return isinstance(obj, tuple) and getattr(obj, "_fields", None) is not None
+
+
+def isdatacls(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    return getattr(obj, "__dataclass_fields__", None) is not None
+
+
+def isattrs(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    return getattr(obj, "__attrs_attrs__", None) is not None
+
+
+def isiterable(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    try:
+        iter(obj)
+        return not istext(obj)
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+
+
+def has_default_eq(
+    obj: object,
+) -> bool:
+    """Check if an instance of an object contains the default eq
+
+    First, we check if the object's __eq__ attribute has __code__,
+    if so, we check the equally of the method code filename (__code__.co_filename)
+    to the default one generated by the dataclass and attr module
+    for dataclasses the default co_filename is <string>, for attrs class, the __eq__ should contain "attrs eq generated"
+    """
+    # inspired from https://github.com/willmcgugan/rich/blob/07d51ffc1aee6f16bd2e5a25b4e82850fb9ed778/rich/pretty.py#L68
+    if hasattr(obj.__eq__, "__code__") and hasattr(obj.__eq__.__code__, "co_filename"):
+        code_filename = obj.__eq__.__code__.co_filename
+
+        if isattrs(obj):
+            return "attrs generated eq" in code_filename
+
+        return code_filename == "<string>"  # data class
+    return True
+
+
+def assertrepr_compare(
+    config, op: str, left: Any, right: Any, use_ascii: bool = False
+) -> list[str] | None:
+    """Return specialised explanations for some operators/operands."""
+    verbose = config.get_verbosity(Config.VERBOSITY_ASSERTIONS)
+
+    # Strings which normalize equal are often hard to distinguish when printed; use ascii() to make this easier.
+    # See issue #3246.
+    use_ascii = (
+        isinstance(left, str)
+        and isinstance(right, str)
+        and normalize("NFD", left) == normalize("NFD", right)
+    )
+
+    if verbose > 1:
+        left_repr = saferepr_unlimited(left, use_ascii=use_ascii)
+        right_repr = saferepr_unlimited(right, use_ascii=use_ascii)
+    else:
+        # XXX: "15 chars indentation" is wrong
+        #      ("E       AssertionError: assert "); should use term width.
+        maxsize = (
+            80 - 15 - len(op) - 2
+        ) // 2  # 15 chars indentation, 1 space around op
+
+        left_repr = saferepr(left, maxsize=maxsize, use_ascii=use_ascii)
+        right_repr = saferepr(right, maxsize=maxsize, use_ascii=use_ascii)
+
+    summary = f"{left_repr} {op} {right_repr}"
+    highlighter = config.get_terminal_writer()._highlight
+
+    explanation = None
+    try:
+        if op == "==":
+            explanation = _compare_eq_any(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+        elif op == "not in":
+            if istext(left) and istext(right):
+                explanation = _notin_text(left, right, verbose)
+        elif op == "!=":
+            if isset(left) and isset(right):
+                explanation = ["Both sets are equal"]
+        elif op == ">=":
+            if isset(left) and isset(right):
+                explanation = _compare_gte_set(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+        elif op == "<=":
+            if isset(left) and isset(right):
+                explanation = _compare_lte_set(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+        elif op == ">":
+            if isset(left) and isset(right):
+                explanation = _compare_gt_set(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+        elif op == "<":
+            if isset(left) and isset(right):
+                explanation = _compare_lt_set(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+
+    except outcomes.Exit:
+        raise
+    except Exception:
+        repr_crash = _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo.from_current()._getreprcrash()
+        explanation = [
+            f"(pytest_assertion plugin: representation of details failed: {repr_crash}.",
+            " Probably an object has a faulty __repr__.)",
+        ]
+
+    if not explanation:
+        return None
+
+    if explanation[0] != "":
+        explanation = ["", *explanation]
+    return [summary, *explanation]
+
+
+def _compare_eq_any(
+    left: Any, right: Any, highlighter: _HighlightFunc, verbose: int = 0
+) -> list[str]:
+    explanation = []
+    if istext(left) and istext(right):
+        explanation = _diff_text(left, right, verbose)
+    else:
+        from _pytest.python_api import ApproxBase
+
+        if isinstance(left, ApproxBase) or isinstance(right, ApproxBase):
+            # Although the common order should be obtained == expected, this ensures both ways
+            approx_side = left if isinstance(left, ApproxBase) else right
+            other_side = right if isinstance(left, ApproxBase) else left
+
+            explanation = approx_side._repr_compare(other_side)
+        elif type(left) is type(right) and (
+            isdatacls(left) or isattrs(left) or isnamedtuple(left)
+        ):
+            # Note: unlike dataclasses/attrs, namedtuples compare only the
+            # field values, not the type or field names. But this branch
+            # intentionally only handles the same-type case, which was often
+            # used in older code bases before dataclasses/attrs were available.
+            explanation = _compare_eq_cls(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+        elif issequence(left) and issequence(right):
+            explanation = _compare_eq_sequence(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+        elif isset(left) and isset(right):
+            explanation = _compare_eq_set(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+        elif isdict(left) and isdict(right):
+            explanation = _compare_eq_dict(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+
+        if isiterable(left) and isiterable(right):
+            expl = _compare_eq_iterable(left, right, highlighter, verbose)
+            explanation.extend(expl)
+
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _diff_text(left: str, right: str, verbose: int = 0) -> list[str]:
+    """Return the explanation for the diff between text.
+
+    Unless --verbose is used this will skip leading and trailing
+    characters which are identical to keep the diff minimal.
+    """
+    from difflib import ndiff
+
+    explanation: list[str] = []
+
+    if verbose < 1:
+        i = 0  # just in case left or right has zero length
+        for i in range(min(len(left), len(right))):
+            if left[i] != right[i]:
+                break
+        if i > 42:
+            i -= 10  # Provide some context
+            explanation = [
+                f"Skipping {i} identical leading characters in diff, use -v to show"
+            ]
+            left = left[i:]
+            right = right[i:]
+        if len(left) == len(right):
+            for i in range(len(left)):
+                if left[-i] != right[-i]:
+                    break
+            if i > 42:
+                i -= 10  # Provide some context
+                explanation += [
+                    f"Skipping {i} identical trailing "
+                    "characters in diff, use -v to show"
+                ]
+                left = left[:-i]
+                right = right[:-i]
+    keepends = True
+    if left.isspace() or right.isspace():
+        left = repr(str(left))
+        right = repr(str(right))
+        explanation += ["Strings contain only whitespace, escaping them using repr()"]
+    # "right" is the expected base against which we compare "left",
+    # see https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3333
+    explanation += [
+        line.strip("\n")
+        for line in ndiff(right.splitlines(keepends), left.splitlines(keepends))
+    ]
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_eq_iterable(
+    left: Iterable[Any],
+    right: Iterable[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    if verbose <= 0 and not running_on_ci():
+        return ["Use -v to get more diff"]
+    # dynamic import to speedup pytest
+    import difflib
+
+    left_formatting = PrettyPrinter().pformat(left).splitlines()
+    right_formatting = PrettyPrinter().pformat(right).splitlines()
+
+    explanation = ["", "Full diff:"]
+    # "right" is the expected base against which we compare "left",
+    # see https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/3333
+    explanation.extend(
+        highlighter(
+            "\n".join(
+                line.rstrip()
+                for line in difflib.ndiff(right_formatting, left_formatting)
+            ),
+            lexer="diff",
+        ).splitlines()
+    )
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_eq_sequence(
+    left: Sequence[Any],
+    right: Sequence[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    comparing_bytes = isinstance(left, bytes) and isinstance(right, bytes)
+    explanation: list[str] = []
+    len_left = len(left)
+    len_right = len(right)
+    for i in range(min(len_left, len_right)):
+        if left[i] != right[i]:
+            if comparing_bytes:
+                # when comparing bytes, we want to see their ascii representation
+                # instead of their numeric values (#5260)
+                # using a slice gives us the ascii representation:
+                # >>> s = b'foo'
+                # >>> s[0]
+                # 102
+                # >>> s[0:1]
+                # b'f'
+                left_value = left[i : i + 1]
+                right_value = right[i : i + 1]
+            else:
+                left_value = left[i]
+                right_value = right[i]
+
+            explanation.append(
+                f"At index {i} diff:"
+                f" {highlighter(repr(left_value))} != {highlighter(repr(right_value))}"
+            )
+            break
+
+    if comparing_bytes:
+        # when comparing bytes, it doesn't help to show the "sides contain one or more
+        # items" longer explanation, so skip it
+
+        return explanation
+
+    len_diff = len_left - len_right
+    if len_diff:
+        if len_diff > 0:
+            dir_with_more = "Left"
+            extra = saferepr(left[len_right])
+        else:
+            len_diff = 0 - len_diff
+            dir_with_more = "Right"
+            extra = saferepr(right[len_left])
+
+        if len_diff == 1:
+            explanation += [
+                f"{dir_with_more} contains one more item: {highlighter(extra)}"
+            ]
+        else:
+            explanation += [
+                "%s contains %d more items, first extra item: %s"
+                % (dir_with_more, len_diff, highlighter(extra))
+            ]
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_eq_set(
+    left: AbstractSet[Any],
+    right: AbstractSet[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    explanation = []
+    explanation.extend(_set_one_sided_diff("left", left, right, highlighter))
+    explanation.extend(_set_one_sided_diff("right", right, left, highlighter))
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_gt_set(
+    left: AbstractSet[Any],
+    right: AbstractSet[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    explanation = _compare_gte_set(left, right, highlighter)
+    if not explanation:
+        return ["Both sets are equal"]
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_lt_set(
+    left: AbstractSet[Any],
+    right: AbstractSet[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    explanation = _compare_lte_set(left, right, highlighter)
+    if not explanation:
+        return ["Both sets are equal"]
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_gte_set(
+    left: AbstractSet[Any],
+    right: AbstractSet[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    return _set_one_sided_diff("right", right, left, highlighter)
+
+
+def _compare_lte_set(
+    left: AbstractSet[Any],
+    right: AbstractSet[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    return _set_one_sided_diff("left", left, right, highlighter)
+
+
+def _set_one_sided_diff(
+    posn: str,
+    set1: AbstractSet[Any],
+    set2: AbstractSet[Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+) -> list[str]:
+    explanation = []
+    diff = set1 - set2
+    if diff:
+        explanation.append(f"Extra items in the {posn} set:")
+        for item in diff:
+            explanation.append(highlighter(saferepr(item)))
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_eq_dict(
+    left: Mapping[Any, Any],
+    right: Mapping[Any, Any],
+    highlighter: _HighlightFunc,
+    verbose: int = 0,
+) -> list[str]:
+    explanation: list[str] = []
+    set_left = set(left)
+    set_right = set(right)
+    common = set_left.intersection(set_right)
+    same = {k: left[k] for k in common if left[k] == right[k]}
+    if same and verbose < 2:
+        explanation += [f"Omitting {len(same)} identical items, use -vv to show"]
+    elif same:
+        explanation += ["Common items:"]
+        explanation += highlighter(pprint.pformat(same)).splitlines()
+    diff = {k for k in common if left[k] != right[k]}
+    if diff:
+        explanation += ["Differing items:"]
+        for k in diff:
+            explanation += [
+                highlighter(saferepr({k: left[k]}))
+                + " != "
+                + highlighter(saferepr({k: right[k]}))
+            ]
+    extra_left = set_left - set_right
+    len_extra_left = len(extra_left)
+    if len_extra_left:
+        explanation.append(
+            "Left contains %d more item%s:"
+            % (len_extra_left, "" if len_extra_left == 1 else "s")
+        )
+        explanation.extend(
+            highlighter(pprint.pformat({k: left[k] for k in extra_left})).splitlines()
+        )
+    extra_right = set_right - set_left
+    len_extra_right = len(extra_right)
+    if len_extra_right:
+        explanation.append(
+            "Right contains %d more item%s:"
+            % (len_extra_right, "" if len_extra_right == 1 else "s")
+        )
+        explanation.extend(
+            highlighter(pprint.pformat({k: right[k] for k in extra_right})).splitlines()
+        )
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _compare_eq_cls(
+    left: Any, right: Any, highlighter: _HighlightFunc, verbose: int
+) -> list[str]:
+    if not has_default_eq(left):
+        return []
+    if isdatacls(left):
+        import dataclasses
+
+        all_fields = dataclasses.fields(left)
+        fields_to_check = [info.name for info in all_fields if info.compare]
+    elif isattrs(left):
+        all_fields = left.__attrs_attrs__
+        fields_to_check = [field.name for field in all_fields if getattr(field, "eq")]
+    elif isnamedtuple(left):
+        fields_to_check = left._fields
+    else:
+        assert False
+
+    indent = "  "
+    same = []
+    diff = []
+    for field in fields_to_check:
+        if getattr(left, field) == getattr(right, field):
+            same.append(field)
+        else:
+            diff.append(field)
+
+    explanation = []
+    if same or diff:
+        explanation += [""]
+    if same and verbose < 2:
+        explanation.append(f"Omitting {len(same)} identical items, use -vv to show")
+    elif same:
+        explanation += ["Matching attributes:"]
+        explanation += highlighter(pprint.pformat(same)).splitlines()
+    if diff:
+        explanation += ["Differing attributes:"]
+        explanation += highlighter(pprint.pformat(diff)).splitlines()
+        for field in diff:
+            field_left = getattr(left, field)
+            field_right = getattr(right, field)
+            explanation += [
+                "",
+                f"Drill down into differing attribute {field}:",
+                f"{indent}{field}: {highlighter(repr(field_left))} != {highlighter(repr(field_right))}",
+            ]
+            explanation += [
+                indent + line
+                for line in _compare_eq_any(
+                    field_left, field_right, highlighter, verbose
+                )
+            ]
+    return explanation
+
+
+def _notin_text(term: str, text: str, verbose: int = 0) -> list[str]:
+    index = text.find(term)
+    head = text[:index]
+    tail = text[index + len(term) :]
+    correct_text = head + tail
+    diff = _diff_text(text, correct_text, verbose)
+    newdiff = [f"{saferepr(term, maxsize=42)} is contained here:"]
+    for line in diff:
+        if line.startswith("Skipping"):
+            continue
+        if line.startswith("- "):
+            continue
+        if line.startswith("+ "):
+            newdiff.append("  " + line[2:])
+        else:
+            newdiff.append(line)
+    return newdiff
+
+
+def running_on_ci() -> bool:
+    """Check if we're currently running on a CI system."""
+    env_vars = ["CI", "BUILD_NUMBER"]
+    return any(var in os.environ for var in env_vars)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/capture.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1087 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+"""Per-test stdout/stderr capturing mechanism."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import abc
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import io
+from io import UnsupportedOperation
+import os
+import sys
+from tempfile import TemporaryFile
+from types import TracebackType
+from typing import Any
+from typing import AnyStr
+from typing import BinaryIO
+from typing import Final
+from typing import final
+from typing import Generator
+from typing import Generic
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import Literal
+from typing import NamedTuple
+from typing import TextIO
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing_extensions import Self
+
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import hookimpl
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
+from _pytest.fixtures import fixture
+from _pytest.fixtures import SubRequest
+from _pytest.nodes import Collector
+from _pytest.nodes import File
+from _pytest.nodes import Item
+from _pytest.reports import CollectReport
+
+
+_CaptureMethod = Literal["fd", "sys", "no", "tee-sys"]
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    group = parser.getgroup("general")
+    group._addoption(
+        "--capture",
+        action="store",
+        default="fd",
+        metavar="method",
+        choices=["fd", "sys", "no", "tee-sys"],
+        help="Per-test capturing method: one of fd|sys|no|tee-sys",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "-s",
+        action="store_const",
+        const="no",
+        dest="capture",
+        help="Shortcut for --capture=no",
+    )
+
+
+def _colorama_workaround() -> None:
+    """Ensure colorama is imported so that it attaches to the correct stdio
+    handles on Windows.
+
+    colorama uses the terminal on import time. So if something does the
+    first import of colorama while I/O capture is active, colorama will
+    fail in various ways.
+    """
+    if sys.platform.startswith("win32"):
+        try:
+            import colorama  # noqa: F401
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
+
+
+def _windowsconsoleio_workaround(stream: TextIO) -> None:
+    """Workaround for Windows Unicode console handling.
+
+    Python 3.6 implemented Unicode console handling for Windows. This works
+    by reading/writing to the raw console handle using
+    ``{Read,Write}ConsoleW``.
+
+    The problem is that we are going to ``dup2`` over the stdio file
+    descriptors when doing ``FDCapture`` and this will ``CloseHandle`` the
+    handles used by Python to write to the console. Though there is still some
+    weirdness and the console handle seems to only be closed randomly and not
+    on the first call to ``CloseHandle``, or maybe it gets reopened with the
+    same handle value when we suspend capturing.
+
+    The workaround in this case will reopen stdio with a different fd which
+    also means a different handle by replicating the logic in
+    "Py_lifecycle.c:initstdio/create_stdio".
+
+    :param stream:
+        In practice ``sys.stdout`` or ``sys.stderr``, but given
+        here as parameter for unittesting purposes.
+
+    See https://github.com/pytest-dev/py/issues/103.
+    """
+    if not sys.platform.startswith("win32") or hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info"):
+        return
+
+    # Bail out if ``stream`` doesn't seem like a proper ``io`` stream (#2666).
+    if not hasattr(stream, "buffer"):  # type: ignore[unreachable,unused-ignore]
+        return
+
+    raw_stdout = stream.buffer.raw if hasattr(stream.buffer, "raw") else stream.buffer
+
+    if not isinstance(raw_stdout, io._WindowsConsoleIO):  # type: ignore[attr-defined,unused-ignore]
+        return
+
+    def _reopen_stdio(f, mode):
+        if not hasattr(stream.buffer, "raw") and mode[0] == "w":
+            buffering = 0
+        else:
+            buffering = -1
+
+        return io.TextIOWrapper(
+            open(os.dup(f.fileno()), mode, buffering),
+            f.encoding,
+            f.errors,
+            f.newlines,
+            f.line_buffering,
+        )
+
+    sys.stdin = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdin, "rb")
+    sys.stdout = _reopen_stdio(sys.stdout, "wb")
+    sys.stderr = _reopen_stdio(sys.stderr, "wb")
+
+
+@hookimpl(wrapper=True)
+def pytest_load_initial_conftests(early_config: Config) -> Generator[None]:
+    ns = early_config.known_args_namespace
+    if ns.capture == "fd":
+        _windowsconsoleio_workaround(sys.stdout)
+    _colorama_workaround()
+    pluginmanager = early_config.pluginmanager
+    capman = CaptureManager(ns.capture)
+    pluginmanager.register(capman, "capturemanager")
+
+    # Make sure that capturemanager is properly reset at final shutdown.
+    early_config.add_cleanup(capman.stop_global_capturing)
+
+    # Finally trigger conftest loading but while capturing (issue #93).
+    capman.start_global_capturing()
+    try:
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            capman.suspend_global_capture()
+    except BaseException:
+        out, err = capman.read_global_capture()
+        sys.stdout.write(out)
+        sys.stderr.write(err)
+        raise
+
+
+# IO Helpers.
+
+
+class EncodedFile(io.TextIOWrapper):
+    __slots__ = ()
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        # Ensure that file.name is a string. Workaround for a Python bug
+        # fixed in >=3.7.4: https://bugs.python.org/issue36015
+        return repr(self.buffer)
+
+    @property
+    def mode(self) -> str:
+        # TextIOWrapper doesn't expose a mode, but at least some of our
+        # tests check it.
+        return self.buffer.mode.replace("b", "")
+
+
+class CaptureIO(io.TextIOWrapper):
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        super().__init__(io.BytesIO(), encoding="UTF-8", newline="", write_through=True)
+
+    def getvalue(self) -> str:
+        assert isinstance(self.buffer, io.BytesIO)
+        return self.buffer.getvalue().decode("UTF-8")
+
+
+class TeeCaptureIO(CaptureIO):
+    def __init__(self, other: TextIO) -> None:
+        self._other = other
+        super().__init__()
+
+    def write(self, s: str) -> int:
+        super().write(s)
+        return self._other.write(s)
+
+
+class DontReadFromInput(TextIO):
+    @property
+    def encoding(self) -> str:
+        assert sys.__stdin__ is not None
+        return sys.__stdin__.encoding
+
+    def read(self, size: int = -1) -> str:
+        raise OSError(
+            "pytest: reading from stdin while output is captured!  Consider using `-s`."
+        )
+
+    readline = read
+
+    def __next__(self) -> str:
+        return self.readline()
+
+    def readlines(self, hint: int | None = -1) -> list[str]:
+        raise OSError(
+            "pytest: reading from stdin while output is captured!  Consider using `-s`."
+        )
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        return self
+
+    def fileno(self) -> int:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, has no fileno()")
+
+    def flush(self) -> None:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, has no flush()")
+
+    def isatty(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def readable(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def seek(self, offset: int, whence: int = 0) -> int:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, has no seek(int)")
+
+    def seekable(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def tell(self) -> int:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("redirected stdin is pseudofile, has no tell()")
+
+    def truncate(self, size: int | None = None) -> int:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("cannot truncate stdin")
+
+    def write(self, data: str) -> int:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("cannot write to stdin")
+
+    def writelines(self, lines: Iterable[str]) -> None:
+        raise UnsupportedOperation("Cannot write to stdin")
+
+    def writable(self) -> bool:
+        return False
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> Self:
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        type: type[BaseException] | None,
+        value: BaseException | None,
+        traceback: TracebackType | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def buffer(self) -> BinaryIO:
+        # The str/bytes doesn't actually matter in this type, so OK to fake.
+        return self  # type: ignore[return-value]
+
+
+# Capture classes.
+
+
+class CaptureBase(abc.ABC, Generic[AnyStr]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER: AnyStr
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def __init__(self, fd: int) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def done(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def suspend(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def writeorg(self, data: AnyStr) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def snap(self) -> AnyStr:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+patchsysdict = {0: "stdin", 1: "stdout", 2: "stderr"}
+
+
+class NoCapture(CaptureBase[str]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""
+
+    def __init__(self, fd: int) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def done(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def suspend(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    def snap(self) -> str:
+        return ""
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: str) -> None:
+        pass
+
+
+class SysCaptureBase(CaptureBase[AnyStr]):
+    def __init__(
+        self, fd: int, tmpfile: TextIO | None = None, *, tee: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        name = patchsysdict[fd]
+        self._old: TextIO = getattr(sys, name)
+        self.name = name
+        if tmpfile is None:
+            if name == "stdin":
+                tmpfile = DontReadFromInput()
+            else:
+                tmpfile = CaptureIO() if not tee else TeeCaptureIO(self._old)
+        self.tmpfile = tmpfile
+        self._state = "initialized"
+
+    def repr(self, class_name: str) -> str:
+        return "<{} {} _old={} _state={!r} tmpfile={!r}>".format(
+            class_name,
+            self.name,
+            hasattr(self, "_old") and repr(self._old) or "<UNSET>",
+            self._state,
+            self.tmpfile,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<{} {} _old={} _state={!r} tmpfile={!r}>".format(
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            self.name,
+            hasattr(self, "_old") and repr(self._old) or "<UNSET>",
+            self._state,
+            self.tmpfile,
+        )
+
+    def _assert_state(self, op: str, states: tuple[str, ...]) -> None:
+        assert (
+            self._state in states
+        ), "cannot {} in state {!r}: expected one of {}".format(
+            op, self._state, ", ".join(states)
+        )
+
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("start", ("initialized",))
+        setattr(sys, self.name, self.tmpfile)
+        self._state = "started"
+
+    def done(self) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("done", ("initialized", "started", "suspended", "done"))
+        if self._state == "done":
+            return
+        setattr(sys, self.name, self._old)
+        del self._old
+        self.tmpfile.close()
+        self._state = "done"
+
+    def suspend(self) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("suspend", ("started", "suspended"))
+        setattr(sys, self.name, self._old)
+        self._state = "suspended"
+
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("resume", ("started", "suspended"))
+        if self._state == "started":
+            return
+        setattr(sys, self.name, self.tmpfile)
+        self._state = "started"
+
+
+class SysCaptureBinary(SysCaptureBase[bytes]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
+
+    def snap(self) -> bytes:
+        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        res = self.tmpfile.buffer.read()
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        self.tmpfile.truncate()
+        return res
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
+        self._old.flush()
+        self._old.buffer.write(data)
+        self._old.buffer.flush()
+
+
+class SysCapture(SysCaptureBase[str]):
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""
+
+    def snap(self) -> str:
+        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
+        assert isinstance(self.tmpfile, CaptureIO)
+        res = self.tmpfile.getvalue()
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        self.tmpfile.truncate()
+        return res
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: str) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
+        self._old.write(data)
+        self._old.flush()
+
+
+class FDCaptureBase(CaptureBase[AnyStr]):
+    def __init__(self, targetfd: int) -> None:
+        self.targetfd = targetfd
+
+        try:
+            os.fstat(targetfd)
+        except OSError:
+            # FD capturing is conceptually simple -- create a temporary file,
+            # redirect the FD to it, redirect back when done. But when the
+            # target FD is invalid it throws a wrench into this lovely scheme.
+            #
+            # Tests themselves shouldn't care if the FD is valid, FD capturing
+            # should work regardless of external circumstances. So falling back
+            # to just sys capturing is not a good option.
+            #
+            # Further complications are the need to support suspend() and the
+            # possibility of FD reuse (e.g. the tmpfile getting the very same
+            # target FD). The following approach is robust, I believe.
+            self.targetfd_invalid: int | None = os.open(os.devnull, os.O_RDWR)
+            os.dup2(self.targetfd_invalid, targetfd)
+        else:
+            self.targetfd_invalid = None
+        self.targetfd_save = os.dup(targetfd)
+
+        if targetfd == 0:
+            self.tmpfile = open(os.devnull, encoding="utf-8")
+            self.syscapture: CaptureBase[str] = SysCapture(targetfd)
+        else:
+            self.tmpfile = EncodedFile(
+                TemporaryFile(buffering=0),
+                encoding="utf-8",
+                errors="replace",
+                newline="",
+                write_through=True,
+            )
+            if targetfd in patchsysdict:
+                self.syscapture = SysCapture(targetfd, self.tmpfile)
+            else:
+                self.syscapture = NoCapture(targetfd)
+
+        self._state = "initialized"
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"<{self.__class__.__name__} {self.targetfd} oldfd={self.targetfd_save} "
+            f"_state={self._state!r} tmpfile={self.tmpfile!r}>"
+        )
+
+    def _assert_state(self, op: str, states: tuple[str, ...]) -> None:
+        assert (
+            self._state in states
+        ), "cannot {} in state {!r}: expected one of {}".format(
+            op, self._state, ", ".join(states)
+        )
+
+    def start(self) -> None:
+        """Start capturing on targetfd using memorized tmpfile."""
+        self._assert_state("start", ("initialized",))
+        os.dup2(self.tmpfile.fileno(), self.targetfd)
+        self.syscapture.start()
+        self._state = "started"
+
+    def done(self) -> None:
+        """Stop capturing, restore streams, return original capture file,
+        seeked to position zero."""
+        self._assert_state("done", ("initialized", "started", "suspended", "done"))
+        if self._state == "done":
+            return
+        os.dup2(self.targetfd_save, self.targetfd)
+        os.close(self.targetfd_save)
+        if self.targetfd_invalid is not None:
+            if self.targetfd_invalid != self.targetfd:
+                os.close(self.targetfd)
+            os.close(self.targetfd_invalid)
+        self.syscapture.done()
+        self.tmpfile.close()
+        self._state = "done"
+
+    def suspend(self) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("suspend", ("started", "suspended"))
+        if self._state == "suspended":
+            return
+        self.syscapture.suspend()
+        os.dup2(self.targetfd_save, self.targetfd)
+        self._state = "suspended"
+
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        self._assert_state("resume", ("started", "suspended"))
+        if self._state == "started":
+            return
+        self.syscapture.resume()
+        os.dup2(self.tmpfile.fileno(), self.targetfd)
+        self._state = "started"
+
+
+class FDCaptureBinary(FDCaptureBase[bytes]):
+    """Capture IO to/from a given OS-level file descriptor.
+
+    snap() produces `bytes`.
+    """
+
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = b""
+
+    def snap(self) -> bytes:
+        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        res = self.tmpfile.buffer.read()
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        self.tmpfile.truncate()
+        return res
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: bytes) -> None:
+        """Write to original file descriptor."""
+        self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
+        os.write(self.targetfd_save, data)
+
+
+class FDCapture(FDCaptureBase[str]):
+    """Capture IO to/from a given OS-level file descriptor.
+
+    snap() produces text.
+    """
+
+    EMPTY_BUFFER = ""
+
+    def snap(self) -> str:
+        self._assert_state("snap", ("started", "suspended"))
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        res = self.tmpfile.read()
+        self.tmpfile.seek(0)
+        self.tmpfile.truncate()
+        return res
+
+    def writeorg(self, data: str) -> None:
+        """Write to original file descriptor."""
+        self._assert_state("writeorg", ("started", "suspended"))
+        # XXX use encoding of original stream
+        os.write(self.targetfd_save, data.encode("utf-8"))
+
+
+# MultiCapture
+
+
+# Generic NamedTuple only supported since Python 3.11.
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 11) or TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+    @final
+    class CaptureResult(NamedTuple, Generic[AnyStr]):
+        """The result of :method:`caplog.readouterr() <pytest.CaptureFixture.readouterr>`."""
+
+        out: AnyStr
+        err: AnyStr
+
+else:
+
+    class CaptureResult(
+        collections.namedtuple("CaptureResult", ["out", "err"]),  # noqa: PYI024
+        Generic[AnyStr],
+    ):
+        """The result of :method:`caplog.readouterr() <pytest.CaptureFixture.readouterr>`."""
+
+        __slots__ = ()
+
+
+class MultiCapture(Generic[AnyStr]):
+    _state = None
+    _in_suspended = False
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        in_: CaptureBase[AnyStr] | None,
+        out: CaptureBase[AnyStr] | None,
+        err: CaptureBase[AnyStr] | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.in_: CaptureBase[AnyStr] | None = in_
+        self.out: CaptureBase[AnyStr] | None = out
+        self.err: CaptureBase[AnyStr] | None = err
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"<MultiCapture out={self.out!r} err={self.err!r} in_={self.in_!r} "
+            f"_state={self._state!r} _in_suspended={self._in_suspended!r}>"
+        )
+
+    def start_capturing(self) -> None:
+        self._state = "started"
+        if self.in_:
+            self.in_.start()
+        if self.out:
+            self.out.start()
+        if self.err:
+            self.err.start()
+
+    def pop_outerr_to_orig(self) -> tuple[AnyStr, AnyStr]:
+        """Pop current snapshot out/err capture and flush to orig streams."""
+        out, err = self.readouterr()
+        if out:
+            assert self.out is not None
+            self.out.writeorg(out)
+        if err:
+            assert self.err is not None
+            self.err.writeorg(err)
+        return out, err
+
+    def suspend_capturing(self, in_: bool = False) -> None:
+        self._state = "suspended"
+        if self.out:
+            self.out.suspend()
+        if self.err:
+            self.err.suspend()
+        if in_ and self.in_:
+            self.in_.suspend()
+            self._in_suspended = True
+
+    def resume_capturing(self) -> None:
+        self._state = "started"
+        if self.out:
+            self.out.resume()
+        if self.err:
+            self.err.resume()
+        if self._in_suspended:
+            assert self.in_ is not None
+            self.in_.resume()
+            self._in_suspended = False
+
+    def stop_capturing(self) -> None:
+        """Stop capturing and reset capturing streams."""
+        if self._state == "stopped":
+            raise ValueError("was already stopped")
+        self._state = "stopped"
+        if self.out:
+            self.out.done()
+        if self.err:
+            self.err.done()
+        if self.in_:
+            self.in_.done()
+
+    def is_started(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether actively capturing -- not suspended or stopped."""
+        return self._state == "started"
+
+    def readouterr(self) -> CaptureResult[AnyStr]:
+        out = self.out.snap() if self.out else ""
+        err = self.err.snap() if self.err else ""
+        # TODO: This type error is real, need to fix.
+        return CaptureResult(out, err)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+
+def _get_multicapture(method: _CaptureMethod) -> MultiCapture[str]:
+    if method == "fd":
+        return MultiCapture(in_=FDCapture(0), out=FDCapture(1), err=FDCapture(2))
+    elif method == "sys":
+        return MultiCapture(in_=SysCapture(0), out=SysCapture(1), err=SysCapture(2))
+    elif method == "no":
+        return MultiCapture(in_=None, out=None, err=None)
+    elif method == "tee-sys":
+        return MultiCapture(
+            in_=None, out=SysCapture(1, tee=True), err=SysCapture(2, tee=True)
+        )
+    raise ValueError(f"unknown capturing method: {method!r}")
+
+
+# CaptureManager and CaptureFixture
+
+
+class CaptureManager:
+    """The capture plugin.
+
+    Manages that the appropriate capture method is enabled/disabled during
+    collection and each test phase (setup, call, teardown). After each of
+    those points, the captured output is obtained and attached to the
+    collection/runtest report.
+
+    There are two levels of capture:
+
+    * global: enabled by default and can be suppressed by the ``-s``
+      option. This is always enabled/disabled during collection and each test
+      phase.
+
+    * fixture: when a test function or one of its fixture depend on the
+      ``capsys`` or ``capfd`` fixtures. In this case special handling is
+      needed to ensure the fixtures take precedence over the global capture.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, method: _CaptureMethod) -> None:
+        self._method: Final = method
+        self._global_capturing: MultiCapture[str] | None = None
+        self._capture_fixture: CaptureFixture[Any] | None = None
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            f"<CaptureManager _method={self._method!r} _global_capturing={self._global_capturing!r} "
+            f"_capture_fixture={self._capture_fixture!r}>"
+        )
+
+    def is_capturing(self) -> str | bool:
+        if self.is_globally_capturing():
+            return "global"
+        if self._capture_fixture:
+            return f"fixture {self._capture_fixture.request.fixturename}"
+        return False
+
+    # Global capturing control
+
+    def is_globally_capturing(self) -> bool:
+        return self._method != "no"
+
+    def start_global_capturing(self) -> None:
+        assert self._global_capturing is None
+        self._global_capturing = _get_multicapture(self._method)
+        self._global_capturing.start_capturing()
+
+    def stop_global_capturing(self) -> None:
+        if self._global_capturing is not None:
+            self._global_capturing.pop_outerr_to_orig()
+            self._global_capturing.stop_capturing()
+            self._global_capturing = None
+
+    def resume_global_capture(self) -> None:
+        # During teardown of the python process, and on rare occasions, capture
+        # attributes can be `None` while trying to resume global capture.
+        if self._global_capturing is not None:
+            self._global_capturing.resume_capturing()
+
+    def suspend_global_capture(self, in_: bool = False) -> None:
+        if self._global_capturing is not None:
+            self._global_capturing.suspend_capturing(in_=in_)
+
+    def suspend(self, in_: bool = False) -> None:
+        # Need to undo local capsys-et-al if it exists before disabling global capture.
+        self.suspend_fixture()
+        self.suspend_global_capture(in_)
+
+    def resume(self) -> None:
+        self.resume_global_capture()
+        self.resume_fixture()
+
+    def read_global_capture(self) -> CaptureResult[str]:
+        assert self._global_capturing is not None
+        return self._global_capturing.readouterr()
+
+    # Fixture Control
+
+    def set_fixture(self, capture_fixture: CaptureFixture[Any]) -> None:
+        if self._capture_fixture:
+            current_fixture = self._capture_fixture.request.fixturename
+            requested_fixture = capture_fixture.request.fixturename
+            capture_fixture.request.raiseerror(
+                f"cannot use {requested_fixture} and {current_fixture} at the same time"
+            )
+        self._capture_fixture = capture_fixture
+
+    def unset_fixture(self) -> None:
+        self._capture_fixture = None
+
+    def activate_fixture(self) -> None:
+        """If the current item is using ``capsys`` or ``capfd``, activate
+        them so they take precedence over the global capture."""
+        if self._capture_fixture:
+            self._capture_fixture._start()
+
+    def deactivate_fixture(self) -> None:
+        """Deactivate the ``capsys`` or ``capfd`` fixture of this item, if any."""
+        if self._capture_fixture:
+            self._capture_fixture.close()
+
+    def suspend_fixture(self) -> None:
+        if self._capture_fixture:
+            self._capture_fixture._suspend()
+
+    def resume_fixture(self) -> None:
+        if self._capture_fixture:
+            self._capture_fixture._resume()
+
+    # Helper context managers
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def global_and_fixture_disabled(self) -> Generator[None]:
+        """Context manager to temporarily disable global and current fixture capturing."""
+        do_fixture = self._capture_fixture and self._capture_fixture._is_started()
+        if do_fixture:
+            self.suspend_fixture()
+        do_global = self._global_capturing and self._global_capturing.is_started()
+        if do_global:
+            self.suspend_global_capture()
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            if do_global:
+                self.resume_global_capture()
+            if do_fixture:
+                self.resume_fixture()
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def item_capture(self, when: str, item: Item) -> Generator[None]:
+        self.resume_global_capture()
+        self.activate_fixture()
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            self.deactivate_fixture()
+            self.suspend_global_capture(in_=False)
+
+            out, err = self.read_global_capture()
+            item.add_report_section(when, "stdout", out)
+            item.add_report_section(when, "stderr", err)
+
+    # Hooks
+
+    @hookimpl(wrapper=True)
+    def pytest_make_collect_report(
+        self, collector: Collector
+    ) -> Generator[None, CollectReport, CollectReport]:
+        if isinstance(collector, File):
+            self.resume_global_capture()
+            try:
+                rep = yield
+            finally:
+                self.suspend_global_capture()
+            out, err = self.read_global_capture()
+            if out:
+                rep.sections.append(("Captured stdout", out))
+            if err:
+                rep.sections.append(("Captured stderr", err))
+        else:
+            rep = yield
+        return rep
+
+    @hookimpl(wrapper=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_setup(self, item: Item) -> Generator[None]:
+        with self.item_capture("setup", item):
+            return (yield)
+
+    @hookimpl(wrapper=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_call(self, item: Item) -> Generator[None]:
+        with self.item_capture("call", item):
+            return (yield)
+
+    @hookimpl(wrapper=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_teardown(self, item: Item) -> Generator[None]:
+        with self.item_capture("teardown", item):
+            return (yield)
+
+    @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+    def pytest_keyboard_interrupt(self) -> None:
+        self.stop_global_capturing()
+
+    @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+    def pytest_internalerror(self) -> None:
+        self.stop_global_capturing()
+
+
+class CaptureFixture(Generic[AnyStr]):
+    """Object returned by the :fixture:`capsys`, :fixture:`capsysbinary`,
+    :fixture:`capfd` and :fixture:`capfdbinary` fixtures."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        captureclass: type[CaptureBase[AnyStr]],
+        request: SubRequest,
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        self.captureclass: type[CaptureBase[AnyStr]] = captureclass
+        self.request = request
+        self._capture: MultiCapture[AnyStr] | None = None
+        self._captured_out: AnyStr = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
+        self._captured_err: AnyStr = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
+
+    def _start(self) -> None:
+        if self._capture is None:
+            self._capture = MultiCapture(
+                in_=None,
+                out=self.captureclass(1),
+                err=self.captureclass(2),
+            )
+            self._capture.start_capturing()
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._capture is not None:
+            out, err = self._capture.pop_outerr_to_orig()
+            self._captured_out += out
+            self._captured_err += err
+            self._capture.stop_capturing()
+            self._capture = None
+
+    def readouterr(self) -> CaptureResult[AnyStr]:
+        """Read and return the captured output so far, resetting the internal
+        buffer.
+
+        :returns:
+            The captured content as a namedtuple with ``out`` and ``err``
+            string attributes.
+        """
+        captured_out, captured_err = self._captured_out, self._captured_err
+        if self._capture is not None:
+            out, err = self._capture.readouterr()
+            captured_out += out
+            captured_err += err
+        self._captured_out = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
+        self._captured_err = self.captureclass.EMPTY_BUFFER
+        return CaptureResult(captured_out, captured_err)
+
+    def _suspend(self) -> None:
+        """Suspend this fixture's own capturing temporarily."""
+        if self._capture is not None:
+            self._capture.suspend_capturing()
+
+    def _resume(self) -> None:
+        """Resume this fixture's own capturing temporarily."""
+        if self._capture is not None:
+            self._capture.resume_capturing()
+
+    def _is_started(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether actively capturing -- not disabled or closed."""
+        if self._capture is not None:
+            return self._capture.is_started()
+        return False
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def disabled(self) -> Generator[None]:
+        """Temporarily disable capturing while inside the ``with`` block."""
+        capmanager: CaptureManager = self.request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin(
+            "capturemanager"
+        )
+        with capmanager.global_and_fixture_disabled():
+            yield
+
+
+# The fixtures.
+
+
+@fixture
+def capsys(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[str]]:
+    r"""Enable text capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
+
+    The captured output is made available via ``capsys.readouterr()`` method
+    calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
+    ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects.
+
+    Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
+
+    Example:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        def test_output(capsys):
+            print("hello")
+            captured = capsys.readouterr()
+            assert captured.out == "hello\n"
+    """
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(SysCapture, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
+    capture_fixture._start()
+    yield capture_fixture
+    capture_fixture.close()
+    capman.unset_fixture()
+
+
+@fixture
+def capsysbinary(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[bytes]]:
+    r"""Enable bytes capturing of writes to ``sys.stdout`` and ``sys.stderr``.
+
+    The captured output is made available via ``capsysbinary.readouterr()``
+    method calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
+    ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``bytes`` objects.
+
+    Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
+
+    Example:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        def test_output(capsysbinary):
+            print("hello")
+            captured = capsysbinary.readouterr()
+            assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
+    """
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(SysCaptureBinary, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
+    capture_fixture._start()
+    yield capture_fixture
+    capture_fixture.close()
+    capman.unset_fixture()
+
+
+@fixture
+def capfd(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[str]]:
+    r"""Enable text capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
+
+    The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
+    calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
+    ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``text`` objects.
+
+    Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[str] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
+
+    Example:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        def test_system_echo(capfd):
+            os.system('echo "hello"')
+            captured = capfd.readouterr()
+            assert captured.out == "hello\n"
+    """
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(FDCapture, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
+    capture_fixture._start()
+    yield capture_fixture
+    capture_fixture.close()
+    capman.unset_fixture()
+
+
+@fixture
+def capfdbinary(request: SubRequest) -> Generator[CaptureFixture[bytes]]:
+    r"""Enable bytes capturing of writes to file descriptors ``1`` and ``2``.
+
+    The captured output is made available via ``capfd.readouterr()`` method
+    calls, which return a ``(out, err)`` namedtuple.
+    ``out`` and ``err`` will be ``byte`` objects.
+
+    Returns an instance of :class:`CaptureFixture[bytes] <pytest.CaptureFixture>`.
+
+    Example:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        def test_system_echo(capfdbinary):
+            os.system('echo "hello"')
+            captured = capfdbinary.readouterr()
+            assert captured.out == b"hello\n"
+
+    """
+    capman: CaptureManager = request.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+    capture_fixture = CaptureFixture(FDCaptureBinary, request, _ispytest=True)
+    capman.set_fixture(capture_fixture)
+    capture_fixture._start()
+    yield capture_fixture
+    capture_fixture.close()
+    capman.unset_fixture()

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/debugging.py

@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+# ruff: noqa: T100
+"""Interactive debugging with PDB, the Python Debugger."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import functools
+import sys
+import types
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Generator
+import unittest
+
+from _pytest import outcomes
+from _pytest._code import ExceptionInfo
+from _pytest.capture import CaptureManager
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import ConftestImportFailure
+from _pytest.config import hookimpl
+from _pytest.config import PytestPluginManager
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.config.exceptions import UsageError
+from _pytest.nodes import Node
+from _pytest.reports import BaseReport
+from _pytest.runner import CallInfo
+
+
+def _validate_usepdb_cls(value: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """Validate syntax of --pdbcls option."""
+    try:
+        modname, classname = value.split(":")
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
+            f"{value!r} is not in the format 'modname:classname'"
+        ) from e
+    return (modname, classname)
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    group = parser.getgroup("general")
+    group._addoption(
+        "--pdb",
+        dest="usepdb",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Start the interactive Python debugger on errors or KeyboardInterrupt",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--pdbcls",
+        dest="usepdb_cls",
+        metavar="modulename:classname",
+        type=_validate_usepdb_cls,
+        help="Specify a custom interactive Python debugger for use with --pdb."
+        "For example: --pdbcls=IPython.terminal.debugger:TerminalPdb",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--trace",
+        dest="trace",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Immediately break when running each test",
+    )
+
+
+def pytest_configure(config: Config) -> None:
+    import pdb
+
+    if config.getvalue("trace"):
+        config.pluginmanager.register(PdbTrace(), "pdbtrace")
+    if config.getvalue("usepdb"):
+        config.pluginmanager.register(PdbInvoke(), "pdbinvoke")
+
+    pytestPDB._saved.append(
+        (pdb.set_trace, pytestPDB._pluginmanager, pytestPDB._config)
+    )
+    pdb.set_trace = pytestPDB.set_trace
+    pytestPDB._pluginmanager = config.pluginmanager
+    pytestPDB._config = config
+
+    # NOTE: not using pytest_unconfigure, since it might get called although
+    #       pytest_configure was not (if another plugin raises UsageError).
+    def fin() -> None:
+        (
+            pdb.set_trace,
+            pytestPDB._pluginmanager,
+            pytestPDB._config,
+        ) = pytestPDB._saved.pop()
+
+    config.add_cleanup(fin)
+
+
+class pytestPDB:
+    """Pseudo PDB that defers to the real pdb."""
+
+    _pluginmanager: PytestPluginManager | None = None
+    _config: Config | None = None
+    _saved: list[
+        tuple[Callable[..., None], PytestPluginManager | None, Config | None]
+    ] = []
+    _recursive_debug = 0
+    _wrapped_pdb_cls: tuple[type[Any], type[Any]] | None = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _is_capturing(cls, capman: CaptureManager | None) -> str | bool:
+        if capman:
+            return capman.is_capturing()
+        return False
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _import_pdb_cls(cls, capman: CaptureManager | None):
+        if not cls._config:
+            import pdb
+
+            # Happens when using pytest.set_trace outside of a test.
+            return pdb.Pdb
+
+        usepdb_cls = cls._config.getvalue("usepdb_cls")
+
+        if cls._wrapped_pdb_cls and cls._wrapped_pdb_cls[0] == usepdb_cls:
+            return cls._wrapped_pdb_cls[1]
+
+        if usepdb_cls:
+            modname, classname = usepdb_cls
+
+            try:
+                __import__(modname)
+                mod = sys.modules[modname]
+
+                # Handle --pdbcls=pdb:pdb.Pdb (useful e.g. with pdbpp).
+                parts = classname.split(".")
+                pdb_cls = getattr(mod, parts[0])
+                for part in parts[1:]:
+                    pdb_cls = getattr(pdb_cls, part)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                value = ":".join((modname, classname))
+                raise UsageError(
+                    f"--pdbcls: could not import {value!r}: {exc}"
+                ) from exc
+        else:
+            import pdb
+
+            pdb_cls = pdb.Pdb
+
+        wrapped_cls = cls._get_pdb_wrapper_class(pdb_cls, capman)
+        cls._wrapped_pdb_cls = (usepdb_cls, wrapped_cls)
+        return wrapped_cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _get_pdb_wrapper_class(cls, pdb_cls, capman: CaptureManager | None):
+        import _pytest.config
+
+        class PytestPdbWrapper(pdb_cls):
+            _pytest_capman = capman
+            _continued = False
+
+            def do_debug(self, arg):
+                cls._recursive_debug += 1
+                ret = super().do_debug(arg)
+                cls._recursive_debug -= 1
+                return ret
+
+            def do_continue(self, arg):
+                ret = super().do_continue(arg)
+                if cls._recursive_debug == 0:
+                    assert cls._config is not None
+                    tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(cls._config)
+                    tw.line()
+
+                    capman = self._pytest_capman
+                    capturing = pytestPDB._is_capturing(capman)
+                    if capturing:
+                        if capturing == "global":
+                            tw.sep(">", "PDB continue (IO-capturing resumed)")
+                        else:
+                            tw.sep(
+                                ">",
+                                f"PDB continue (IO-capturing resumed for {capturing})",
+                            )
+                        assert capman is not None
+                        capman.resume()
+                    else:
+                        tw.sep(">", "PDB continue")
+                assert cls._pluginmanager is not None
+                cls._pluginmanager.hook.pytest_leave_pdb(config=cls._config, pdb=self)
+                self._continued = True
+                return ret
+
+            do_c = do_cont = do_continue
+
+            def do_quit(self, arg):
+                """Raise Exit outcome when quit command is used in pdb.
+
+                This is a bit of a hack - it would be better if BdbQuit
+                could be handled, but this would require to wrap the
+                whole pytest run, and adjust the report etc.
+                """
+                ret = super().do_quit(arg)
+
+                if cls._recursive_debug == 0:
+                    outcomes.exit("Quitting debugger")
+
+                return ret
+
+            do_q = do_quit
+            do_exit = do_quit
+
+            def setup(self, f, tb):
+                """Suspend on setup().
+
+                Needed after do_continue resumed, and entering another
+                breakpoint again.
+                """
+                ret = super().setup(f, tb)
+                if not ret and self._continued:
+                    # pdb.setup() returns True if the command wants to exit
+                    # from the interaction: do not suspend capturing then.
+                    if self._pytest_capman:
+                        self._pytest_capman.suspend_global_capture(in_=True)
+                return ret
+
+            def get_stack(self, f, t):
+                stack, i = super().get_stack(f, t)
+                if f is None:
+                    # Find last non-hidden frame.
+                    i = max(0, len(stack) - 1)
+                    while i and stack[i][0].f_locals.get("__tracebackhide__", False):
+                        i -= 1
+                return stack, i
+
+        return PytestPdbWrapper
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _init_pdb(cls, method, *args, **kwargs):
+        """Initialize PDB debugging, dropping any IO capturing."""
+        import _pytest.config
+
+        if cls._pluginmanager is None:
+            capman: CaptureManager | None = None
+        else:
+            capman = cls._pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+        if capman:
+            capman.suspend(in_=True)
+
+        if cls._config:
+            tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(cls._config)
+            tw.line()
+
+            if cls._recursive_debug == 0:
+                # Handle header similar to pdb.set_trace in py37+.
+                header = kwargs.pop("header", None)
+                if header is not None:
+                    tw.sep(">", header)
+                else:
+                    capturing = cls._is_capturing(capman)
+                    if capturing == "global":
+                        tw.sep(">", f"PDB {method} (IO-capturing turned off)")
+                    elif capturing:
+                        tw.sep(
+                            ">",
+                            f"PDB {method} (IO-capturing turned off for {capturing})",
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        tw.sep(">", f"PDB {method}")
+
+        _pdb = cls._import_pdb_cls(capman)(**kwargs)
+
+        if cls._pluginmanager:
+            cls._pluginmanager.hook.pytest_enter_pdb(config=cls._config, pdb=_pdb)
+        return _pdb
+
+    @classmethod
+    def set_trace(cls, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        """Invoke debugging via ``Pdb.set_trace``, dropping any IO capturing."""
+        frame = sys._getframe().f_back
+        _pdb = cls._init_pdb("set_trace", *args, **kwargs)
+        _pdb.set_trace(frame)
+
+
+class PdbInvoke:
+    def pytest_exception_interact(
+        self, node: Node, call: CallInfo[Any], report: BaseReport
+    ) -> None:
+        capman = node.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("capturemanager")
+        if capman:
+            capman.suspend_global_capture(in_=True)
+            out, err = capman.read_global_capture()
+            sys.stdout.write(out)
+            sys.stdout.write(err)
+        assert call.excinfo is not None
+
+        if not isinstance(call.excinfo.value, unittest.SkipTest):
+            _enter_pdb(node, call.excinfo, report)
+
+    def pytest_internalerror(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> None:
+        tb = _postmortem_traceback(excinfo)
+        post_mortem(tb)
+
+
+class PdbTrace:
+    @hookimpl(wrapper=True)
+    def pytest_pyfunc_call(self, pyfuncitem) -> Generator[None, object, object]:
+        wrap_pytest_function_for_tracing(pyfuncitem)
+        return (yield)
+
+
+def wrap_pytest_function_for_tracing(pyfuncitem) -> None:
+    """Change the Python function object of the given Function item by a
+    wrapper which actually enters pdb before calling the python function
+    itself, effectively leaving the user in the pdb prompt in the first
+    statement of the function."""
+    _pdb = pytestPDB._init_pdb("runcall")
+    testfunction = pyfuncitem.obj
+
+    # we can't just return `partial(pdb.runcall, testfunction)` because (on
+    # python < 3.7.4) runcall's first param is `func`, which means we'd get
+    # an exception if one of the kwargs to testfunction was called `func`.
+    @functools.wraps(testfunction)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs) -> None:
+        func = functools.partial(testfunction, *args, **kwargs)
+        _pdb.runcall(func)
+
+    pyfuncitem.obj = wrapper
+
+
+def maybe_wrap_pytest_function_for_tracing(pyfuncitem) -> None:
+    """Wrap the given pytestfunct item for tracing support if --trace was given in
+    the command line."""
+    if pyfuncitem.config.getvalue("trace"):
+        wrap_pytest_function_for_tracing(pyfuncitem)
+
+
+def _enter_pdb(
+    node: Node, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException], rep: BaseReport
+) -> BaseReport:
+    # XXX we reuse the TerminalReporter's terminalwriter
+    # because this seems to avoid some encoding related troubles
+    # for not completely clear reasons.
+    tw = node.config.pluginmanager.getplugin("terminalreporter")._tw
+    tw.line()
+
+    showcapture = node.config.option.showcapture
+
+    for sectionname, content in (
+        ("stdout", rep.capstdout),
+        ("stderr", rep.capstderr),
+        ("log", rep.caplog),
+    ):
+        if showcapture in (sectionname, "all") and content:
+            tw.sep(">", "captured " + sectionname)
+            if content[-1:] == "\n":
+                content = content[:-1]
+            tw.line(content)
+
+    tw.sep(">", "traceback")
+    rep.toterminal(tw)
+    tw.sep(">", "entering PDB")
+    tb = _postmortem_traceback(excinfo)
+    rep._pdbshown = True  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    post_mortem(tb)
+    return rep
+
+
+def _postmortem_traceback(excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> types.TracebackType:
+    from doctest import UnexpectedException
+
+    if isinstance(excinfo.value, UnexpectedException):
+        # A doctest.UnexpectedException is not useful for post_mortem.
+        # Use the underlying exception instead:
+        return excinfo.value.exc_info[2]
+    elif isinstance(excinfo.value, ConftestImportFailure):
+        # A config.ConftestImportFailure is not useful for post_mortem.
+        # Use the underlying exception instead:
+        assert excinfo.value.cause.__traceback__ is not None
+        return excinfo.value.cause.__traceback__
+    else:
+        assert excinfo._excinfo is not None
+        return excinfo._excinfo[2]
+
+
+def post_mortem(t: types.TracebackType) -> None:
+    p = pytestPDB._init_pdb("post_mortem")
+    p.reset()
+    p.interaction(None, t)
+    if p.quitting:
+        outcomes.exit("Quitting debugger")

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/deprecated.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""Deprecation messages and bits of code used elsewhere in the codebase that
+is planned to be removed in the next pytest release.
+
+Keeping it in a central location makes it easy to track what is deprecated and should
+be removed when the time comes.
+
+All constants defined in this module should be either instances of
+:class:`PytestWarning`, or :class:`UnformattedWarning`
+in case of warnings which need to format their messages.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from warnings import warn
+
+from _pytest.warning_types import PytestDeprecationWarning
+from _pytest.warning_types import PytestRemovedIn9Warning
+from _pytest.warning_types import UnformattedWarning
+
+
+# set of plugins which have been integrated into the core; we use this list to ignore
+# them during registration to avoid conflicts
+DEPRECATED_EXTERNAL_PLUGINS = {
+    "pytest_catchlog",
+    "pytest_capturelog",
+    "pytest_faulthandler",
+}
+
+
+# This can be* removed pytest 8, but it's harmless and common, so no rush to remove.
+# * If you're in the future: "could have been".
+YIELD_FIXTURE = PytestDeprecationWarning(
+    "@pytest.yield_fixture is deprecated.\n"
+    "Use @pytest.fixture instead; they are the same."
+)
+
+# This deprecation is never really meant to be removed.
+PRIVATE = PytestDeprecationWarning("A private pytest class or function was used.")
+
+
+HOOK_LEGACY_PATH_ARG = UnformattedWarning(
+    PytestRemovedIn9Warning,
+    "The ({pylib_path_arg}: py.path.local) argument is deprecated, please use ({pathlib_path_arg}: pathlib.Path)\n"
+    "see https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/deprecations.html"
+    "#py-path-local-arguments-for-hooks-replaced-with-pathlib-path",
+)
+
+NODE_CTOR_FSPATH_ARG = UnformattedWarning(
+    PytestRemovedIn9Warning,
+    "The (fspath: py.path.local) argument to {node_type_name} is deprecated. "
+    "Please use the (path: pathlib.Path) argument instead.\n"
+    "See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/deprecations.html"
+    "#fspath-argument-for-node-constructors-replaced-with-pathlib-path",
+)
+
+HOOK_LEGACY_MARKING = UnformattedWarning(
+    PytestDeprecationWarning,
+    "The hook{type} {fullname} uses old-style configuration options (marks or attributes).\n"
+    "Please use the pytest.hook{type}({hook_opts}) decorator instead\n"
+    " to configure the hooks.\n"
+    " See https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/deprecations.html"
+    "#configuring-hook-specs-impls-using-markers",
+)
+
+MARKED_FIXTURE = PytestRemovedIn9Warning(
+    "Marks applied to fixtures have no effect\n"
+    "See docs: https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/deprecations.html#applying-a-mark-to-a-fixture-function"
+)
+
+# You want to make some `__init__` or function "private".
+#
+#   def my_private_function(some, args):
+#       ...
+#
+# Do this:
+#
+#   def my_private_function(some, args, *, _ispytest: bool = False):
+#       check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+#       ...
+#
+# Change all internal/allowed calls to
+#
+#   my_private_function(some, args, _ispytest=True)
+#
+# All other calls will get the default _ispytest=False and trigger
+# the warning (possibly error in the future).
+
+
+def check_ispytest(ispytest: bool) -> None:
+    if not ispytest:
+        warn(PRIVATE, stacklevel=3)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/faulthandler.py

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import sys
+from typing import Generator
+
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.nodes import Item
+from _pytest.stash import StashKey
+import pytest
+
+
+fault_handler_original_stderr_fd_key = StashKey[int]()
+fault_handler_stderr_fd_key = StashKey[int]()
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    help = (
+        "Dump the traceback of all threads if a test takes "
+        "more than TIMEOUT seconds to finish"
+    )
+    parser.addini("faulthandler_timeout", help, default=0.0)
+
+
+def pytest_configure(config: Config) -> None:
+    import faulthandler
+
+    # at teardown we want to restore the original faulthandler fileno
+    # but faulthandler has no api to return the original fileno
+    # so here we stash the stderr fileno to be used at teardown
+    # sys.stderr and sys.__stderr__ may be closed or patched during the session
+    # so we can't rely on their values being good at that point (#11572).
+    stderr_fileno = get_stderr_fileno()
+    if faulthandler.is_enabled():
+        config.stash[fault_handler_original_stderr_fd_key] = stderr_fileno
+    config.stash[fault_handler_stderr_fd_key] = os.dup(stderr_fileno)
+    faulthandler.enable(file=config.stash[fault_handler_stderr_fd_key])
+
+
+def pytest_unconfigure(config: Config) -> None:
+    import faulthandler
+
+    faulthandler.disable()
+    # Close the dup file installed during pytest_configure.
+    if fault_handler_stderr_fd_key in config.stash:
+        os.close(config.stash[fault_handler_stderr_fd_key])
+        del config.stash[fault_handler_stderr_fd_key]
+    # Re-enable the faulthandler if it was originally enabled.
+    if fault_handler_original_stderr_fd_key in config.stash:
+        faulthandler.enable(config.stash[fault_handler_original_stderr_fd_key])
+        del config.stash[fault_handler_original_stderr_fd_key]
+
+
+def get_stderr_fileno() -> int:
+    try:
+        fileno = sys.stderr.fileno()
+        # The Twisted Logger will return an invalid file descriptor since it is not backed
+        # by an FD. So, let's also forward this to the same code path as with pytest-xdist.
+        if fileno == -1:
+            raise AttributeError()
+        return fileno
+    except (AttributeError, ValueError):
+        # pytest-xdist monkeypatches sys.stderr with an object that is not an actual file.
+        # https://docs.python.org/3/library/faulthandler.html#issue-with-file-descriptors
+        # This is potentially dangerous, but the best we can do.
+        assert sys.__stderr__ is not None
+        return sys.__stderr__.fileno()
+
+
+def get_timeout_config_value(config: Config) -> float:
+    return float(config.getini("faulthandler_timeout") or 0.0)
+
+
+@pytest.hookimpl(wrapper=True, trylast=True)
+def pytest_runtest_protocol(item: Item) -> Generator[None, object, object]:
+    timeout = get_timeout_config_value(item.config)
+    if timeout > 0:
+        import faulthandler
+
+        stderr = item.config.stash[fault_handler_stderr_fd_key]
+        faulthandler.dump_traceback_later(timeout, file=stderr)
+        try:
+            return (yield)
+        finally:
+            faulthandler.cancel_dump_traceback_later()
+    else:
+        return (yield)
+
+
+@pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+def pytest_enter_pdb() -> None:
+    """Cancel any traceback dumping due to timeout before entering pdb."""
+    import faulthandler
+
+    faulthandler.cancel_dump_traceback_later()
+
+
+@pytest.hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+def pytest_exception_interact() -> None:
+    """Cancel any traceback dumping due to an interactive exception being
+    raised."""
+    import faulthandler
+
+    faulthandler.cancel_dump_traceback_later()

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/fixtures.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1932 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import abc
+from collections import defaultdict
+from collections import deque
+import dataclasses
+import functools
+import inspect
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import sys
+import types
+from typing import AbstractSet
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import cast
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import Final
+from typing import final
+from typing import Generator
+from typing import Generic
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import MutableMapping
+from typing import NoReturn
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import OrderedDict
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import Tuple
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Union
+import warnings
+
+import _pytest
+from _pytest import nodes
+from _pytest._code import getfslineno
+from _pytest._code import Source
+from _pytest._code.code import FormattedExcinfo
+from _pytest._code.code import TerminalRepr
+from _pytest._io import TerminalWriter
+from _pytest.compat import _PytestWrapper
+from _pytest.compat import assert_never
+from _pytest.compat import get_real_func
+from _pytest.compat import get_real_method
+from _pytest.compat import getfuncargnames
+from _pytest.compat import getimfunc
+from _pytest.compat import getlocation
+from _pytest.compat import is_generator
+from _pytest.compat import NOTSET
+from _pytest.compat import NotSetType
+from _pytest.compat import safe_getattr
+from _pytest.compat import safe_isclass
+from _pytest.config import _PluggyPlugin
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import ExitCode
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
+from _pytest.deprecated import MARKED_FIXTURE
+from _pytest.deprecated import YIELD_FIXTURE
+from _pytest.main import Session
+from _pytest.mark import Mark
+from _pytest.mark import ParameterSet
+from _pytest.mark.structures import MarkDecorator
+from _pytest.outcomes import fail
+from _pytest.outcomes import skip
+from _pytest.outcomes import TEST_OUTCOME
+from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
+from _pytest.scope import _ScopeName
+from _pytest.scope import HIGH_SCOPES
+from _pytest.scope import Scope
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    from exceptiongroup import BaseExceptionGroup
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _pytest.python import CallSpec2
+    from _pytest.python import Function
+    from _pytest.python import Metafunc
+
+
+# The value of the fixture -- return/yield of the fixture function (type variable).
+FixtureValue = TypeVar("FixtureValue")
+# The type of the fixture function (type variable).
+FixtureFunction = TypeVar("FixtureFunction", bound=Callable[..., object])
+# The type of a fixture function (type alias generic in fixture value).
+_FixtureFunc = Union[
+    Callable[..., FixtureValue], Callable[..., Generator[FixtureValue, None, None]]
+]
+# The type of FixtureDef.cached_result (type alias generic in fixture value).
+_FixtureCachedResult = Union[
+    Tuple[
+        # The result.
+        FixtureValue,
+        # Cache key.
+        object,
+        None,
+    ],
+    Tuple[
+        None,
+        # Cache key.
+        object,
+        # The exception and the original traceback.
+        Tuple[BaseException, Optional[types.TracebackType]],
+    ],
+]
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class PseudoFixtureDef(Generic[FixtureValue]):
+    cached_result: _FixtureCachedResult[FixtureValue]
+    _scope: Scope
+
+
+def pytest_sessionstart(session: Session) -> None:
+    session._fixturemanager = FixtureManager(session)
+
+
+def get_scope_package(
+    node: nodes.Item,
+    fixturedef: FixtureDef[object],
+) -> nodes.Node | None:
+    from _pytest.python import Package
+
+    for parent in node.iter_parents():
+        if isinstance(parent, Package) and parent.nodeid == fixturedef.baseid:
+            return parent
+    return node.session
+
+
+def get_scope_node(node: nodes.Node, scope: Scope) -> nodes.Node | None:
+    import _pytest.python
+
+    if scope is Scope.Function:
+        # Type ignored because this is actually safe, see:
+        # https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/4717
+        return node.getparent(nodes.Item)  # type: ignore[type-abstract]
+    elif scope is Scope.Class:
+        return node.getparent(_pytest.python.Class)
+    elif scope is Scope.Module:
+        return node.getparent(_pytest.python.Module)
+    elif scope is Scope.Package:
+        return node.getparent(_pytest.python.Package)
+    elif scope is Scope.Session:
+        return node.getparent(_pytest.main.Session)
+    else:
+        assert_never(scope)
+
+
+def getfixturemarker(obj: object) -> FixtureFunctionMarker | None:
+    """Return fixturemarker or None if it doesn't exist or raised
+    exceptions."""
+    return cast(
+        Optional[FixtureFunctionMarker],
+        safe_getattr(obj, "_pytestfixturefunction", None),
+    )
+
+
+# Algorithm for sorting on a per-parametrized resource setup basis.
+# It is called for Session scope first and performs sorting
+# down to the lower scopes such as to minimize number of "high scope"
+# setups and teardowns.
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FixtureArgKey:
+    argname: str
+    param_index: int
+    scoped_item_path: Path | None
+    item_cls: type | None
+
+
+_V = TypeVar("_V")
+OrderedSet = Dict[_V, None]
+
+
+def get_parametrized_fixture_argkeys(
+    item: nodes.Item, scope: Scope
+) -> Iterator[FixtureArgKey]:
+    """Return list of keys for all parametrized arguments which match
+    the specified scope."""
+    assert scope is not Scope.Function
+
+    try:
+        callspec: CallSpec2 = item.callspec  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    except AttributeError:
+        return
+
+    item_cls = None
+    if scope is Scope.Session:
+        scoped_item_path = None
+    elif scope is Scope.Package:
+        # Package key = module's directory.
+        scoped_item_path = item.path.parent
+    elif scope is Scope.Module:
+        scoped_item_path = item.path
+    elif scope is Scope.Class:
+        scoped_item_path = item.path
+        item_cls = item.cls  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    else:
+        assert_never(scope)
+
+    for argname in callspec.indices:
+        if callspec._arg2scope[argname] != scope:
+            continue
+        param_index = callspec.indices[argname]
+        yield FixtureArgKey(argname, param_index, scoped_item_path, item_cls)
+
+
+def reorder_items(items: Sequence[nodes.Item]) -> list[nodes.Item]:
+    argkeys_by_item: dict[Scope, dict[nodes.Item, OrderedSet[FixtureArgKey]]] = {}
+    items_by_argkey: dict[
+        Scope, dict[FixtureArgKey, OrderedDict[nodes.Item, None]]
+    ] = {}
+    for scope in HIGH_SCOPES:
+        scoped_argkeys_by_item = argkeys_by_item[scope] = {}
+        scoped_items_by_argkey = items_by_argkey[scope] = defaultdict(OrderedDict)
+        for item in items:
+            argkeys = dict.fromkeys(get_parametrized_fixture_argkeys(item, scope))
+            if argkeys:
+                scoped_argkeys_by_item[item] = argkeys
+                for argkey in argkeys:
+                    scoped_items_by_argkey[argkey][item] = None
+
+    items_set = dict.fromkeys(items)
+    return list(
+        reorder_items_atscope(
+            items_set, argkeys_by_item, items_by_argkey, Scope.Session
+        )
+    )
+
+
+def reorder_items_atscope(
+    items: OrderedSet[nodes.Item],
+    argkeys_by_item: Mapping[Scope, Mapping[nodes.Item, OrderedSet[FixtureArgKey]]],
+    items_by_argkey: Mapping[
+        Scope, Mapping[FixtureArgKey, OrderedDict[nodes.Item, None]]
+    ],
+    scope: Scope,
+) -> OrderedSet[nodes.Item]:
+    if scope is Scope.Function or len(items) < 3:
+        return items
+
+    scoped_items_by_argkey = items_by_argkey[scope]
+    scoped_argkeys_by_item = argkeys_by_item[scope]
+
+    ignore: set[FixtureArgKey] = set()
+    items_deque = deque(items)
+    items_done: OrderedSet[nodes.Item] = {}
+    while items_deque:
+        no_argkey_items: OrderedSet[nodes.Item] = {}
+        slicing_argkey = None
+        while items_deque:
+            item = items_deque.popleft()
+            if item in items_done or item in no_argkey_items:
+                continue
+            argkeys = dict.fromkeys(
+                k for k in scoped_argkeys_by_item.get(item, ()) if k not in ignore
+            )
+            if not argkeys:
+                no_argkey_items[item] = None
+            else:
+                slicing_argkey, _ = argkeys.popitem()
+                # We don't have to remove relevant items from later in the
+                # deque because they'll just be ignored.
+                matching_items = [
+                    i for i in scoped_items_by_argkey[slicing_argkey] if i in items
+                ]
+                for i in reversed(matching_items):
+                    items_deque.appendleft(i)
+                    # Fix items_by_argkey order.
+                    for other_scope in HIGH_SCOPES:
+                        other_scoped_items_by_argkey = items_by_argkey[other_scope]
+                        for argkey in argkeys_by_item[other_scope].get(i, ()):
+                            other_scoped_items_by_argkey[argkey][i] = None
+                            other_scoped_items_by_argkey[argkey].move_to_end(
+                                i, last=False
+                            )
+                break
+        if no_argkey_items:
+            reordered_no_argkey_items = reorder_items_atscope(
+                no_argkey_items, argkeys_by_item, items_by_argkey, scope.next_lower()
+            )
+            items_done.update(reordered_no_argkey_items)
+        if slicing_argkey is not None:
+            ignore.add(slicing_argkey)
+    return items_done
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FuncFixtureInfo:
+    """Fixture-related information for a fixture-requesting item (e.g. test
+    function).
+
+    This is used to examine the fixtures which an item requests statically
+    (known during collection). This includes autouse fixtures, fixtures
+    requested by the `usefixtures` marker, fixtures requested in the function
+    parameters, and the transitive closure of these.
+
+    An item may also request fixtures dynamically (using `request.getfixturevalue`);
+    these are not reflected here.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("argnames", "initialnames", "names_closure", "name2fixturedefs")
+
+    # Fixture names that the item requests directly by function parameters.
+    argnames: tuple[str, ...]
+    # Fixture names that the item immediately requires. These include
+    # argnames + fixture names specified via usefixtures and via autouse=True in
+    # fixture definitions.
+    initialnames: tuple[str, ...]
+    # The transitive closure of the fixture names that the item requires.
+    # Note: can't include dynamic dependencies (`request.getfixturevalue` calls).
+    names_closure: list[str]
+    # A map from a fixture name in the transitive closure to the FixtureDefs
+    # matching the name which are applicable to this function.
+    # There may be multiple overriding fixtures with the same name. The
+    # sequence is ordered from furthest to closes to the function.
+    name2fixturedefs: dict[str, Sequence[FixtureDef[Any]]]
+
+    def prune_dependency_tree(self) -> None:
+        """Recompute names_closure from initialnames and name2fixturedefs.
+
+        Can only reduce names_closure, which means that the new closure will
+        always be a subset of the old one. The order is preserved.
+
+        This method is needed because direct parametrization may shadow some
+        of the fixtures that were included in the originally built dependency
+        tree. In this way the dependency tree can get pruned, and the closure
+        of argnames may get reduced.
+        """
+        closure: set[str] = set()
+        working_set = set(self.initialnames)
+        while working_set:
+            argname = working_set.pop()
+            # Argname may be something not included in the original names_closure,
+            # in which case we ignore it. This currently happens with pseudo
+            # FixtureDefs which wrap 'get_direct_param_fixture_func(request)'.
+            # So they introduce the new dependency 'request' which might have
+            # been missing in the original tree (closure).
+            if argname not in closure and argname in self.names_closure:
+                closure.add(argname)
+                if argname in self.name2fixturedefs:
+                    working_set.update(self.name2fixturedefs[argname][-1].argnames)
+
+        self.names_closure[:] = sorted(closure, key=self.names_closure.index)
+
+
+class FixtureRequest(abc.ABC):
+    """The type of the ``request`` fixture.
+
+    A request object gives access to the requesting test context and has a
+    ``param`` attribute in case the fixture is parametrized.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pyfuncitem: Function,
+        fixturename: str | None,
+        arg2fixturedefs: dict[str, Sequence[FixtureDef[Any]]],
+        fixture_defs: dict[str, FixtureDef[Any]],
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        #: Fixture for which this request is being performed.
+        self.fixturename: Final = fixturename
+        self._pyfuncitem: Final = pyfuncitem
+        # The FixtureDefs for each fixture name requested by this item.
+        # Starts from the statically-known fixturedefs resolved during
+        # collection. Dynamically requested fixtures (using
+        # `request.getfixturevalue("foo")`) are added dynamically.
+        self._arg2fixturedefs: Final = arg2fixturedefs
+        # The evaluated argnames so far, mapping to the FixtureDef they resolved
+        # to.
+        self._fixture_defs: Final = fixture_defs
+        # Notes on the type of `param`:
+        # -`request.param` is only defined in parametrized fixtures, and will raise
+        #   AttributeError otherwise. Python typing has no notion of "undefined", so
+        #   this cannot be reflected in the type.
+        # - Technically `param` is only (possibly) defined on SubRequest, not
+        #   FixtureRequest, but the typing of that is still in flux so this cheats.
+        # - In the future we might consider using a generic for the param type, but
+        #   for now just using Any.
+        self.param: Any
+
+    @property
+    def _fixturemanager(self) -> FixtureManager:
+        return self._pyfuncitem.session._fixturemanager
+
+    @property
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def _scope(self) -> Scope:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def scope(self) -> _ScopeName:
+        """Scope string, one of "function", "class", "module", "package", "session"."""
+        return self._scope.value
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def _check_scope(
+        self,
+        requested_fixturedef: FixtureDef[object] | PseudoFixtureDef[object],
+        requested_scope: Scope,
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def fixturenames(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Names of all active fixtures in this request."""
+        result = list(self._pyfuncitem.fixturenames)
+        result.extend(set(self._fixture_defs).difference(result))
+        return result
+
+    @property
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def node(self):
+        """Underlying collection node (depends on current request scope)."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @property
+    def config(self) -> Config:
+        """The pytest config object associated with this request."""
+        return self._pyfuncitem.config
+
+    @property
+    def function(self):
+        """Test function object if the request has a per-function scope."""
+        if self.scope != "function":
+            raise AttributeError(
+                f"function not available in {self.scope}-scoped context"
+            )
+        return self._pyfuncitem.obj
+
+    @property
+    def cls(self):
+        """Class (can be None) where the test function was collected."""
+        if self.scope not in ("class", "function"):
+            raise AttributeError(f"cls not available in {self.scope}-scoped context")
+        clscol = self._pyfuncitem.getparent(_pytest.python.Class)
+        if clscol:
+            return clscol.obj
+
+    @property
+    def instance(self):
+        """Instance (can be None) on which test function was collected."""
+        if self.scope != "function":
+            return None
+        return getattr(self._pyfuncitem, "instance", None)
+
+    @property
+    def module(self):
+        """Python module object where the test function was collected."""
+        if self.scope not in ("function", "class", "module"):
+            raise AttributeError(f"module not available in {self.scope}-scoped context")
+        mod = self._pyfuncitem.getparent(_pytest.python.Module)
+        assert mod is not None
+        return mod.obj
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> Path:
+        """Path where the test function was collected."""
+        if self.scope not in ("function", "class", "module", "package"):
+            raise AttributeError(f"path not available in {self.scope}-scoped context")
+        return self._pyfuncitem.path
+
+    @property
+    def keywords(self) -> MutableMapping[str, Any]:
+        """Keywords/markers dictionary for the underlying node."""
+        node: nodes.Node = self.node
+        return node.keywords
+
+    @property
+    def session(self) -> Session:
+        """Pytest session object."""
+        return self._pyfuncitem.session
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    def addfinalizer(self, finalizer: Callable[[], object]) -> None:
+        """Add finalizer/teardown function to be called without arguments after
+        the last test within the requesting test context finished execution."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def applymarker(self, marker: str | MarkDecorator) -> None:
+        """Apply a marker to a single test function invocation.
+
+        This method is useful if you don't want to have a keyword/marker
+        on all function invocations.
+
+        :param marker:
+            An object created by a call to ``pytest.mark.NAME(...)``.
+        """
+        self.node.add_marker(marker)
+
+    def raiseerror(self, msg: str | None) -> NoReturn:
+        """Raise a FixtureLookupError exception.
+
+        :param msg:
+            An optional custom error message.
+        """
+        raise FixtureLookupError(None, self, msg)
+
+    def getfixturevalue(self, argname: str) -> Any:
+        """Dynamically run a named fixture function.
+
+        Declaring fixtures via function argument is recommended where possible.
+        But if you can only decide whether to use another fixture at test
+        setup time, you may use this function to retrieve it inside a fixture
+        or test function body.
+
+        This method can be used during the test setup phase or the test run
+        phase, but during the test teardown phase a fixture's value may not
+        be available.
+
+        :param argname:
+            The fixture name.
+        :raises pytest.FixtureLookupError:
+            If the given fixture could not be found.
+        """
+        # Note that in addition to the use case described in the docstring,
+        # getfixturevalue() is also called by pytest itself during item and fixture
+        # setup to evaluate the fixtures that are requested statically
+        # (using function parameters, autouse, etc).
+
+        fixturedef = self._get_active_fixturedef(argname)
+        assert fixturedef.cached_result is not None, (
+            f'The fixture value for "{argname}" is not available.  '
+            "This can happen when the fixture has already been torn down."
+        )
+        return fixturedef.cached_result[0]
+
+    def _iter_chain(self) -> Iterator[SubRequest]:
+        """Yield all SubRequests in the chain, from self up.
+
+        Note: does *not* yield the TopRequest.
+        """
+        current = self
+        while isinstance(current, SubRequest):
+            yield current
+            current = current._parent_request
+
+    def _get_active_fixturedef(
+        self, argname: str
+    ) -> FixtureDef[object] | PseudoFixtureDef[object]:
+        if argname == "request":
+            cached_result = (self, [0], None)
+            return PseudoFixtureDef(cached_result, Scope.Function)
+
+        # If we already finished computing a fixture by this name in this item,
+        # return it.
+        fixturedef = self._fixture_defs.get(argname)
+        if fixturedef is not None:
+            self._check_scope(fixturedef, fixturedef._scope)
+            return fixturedef
+
+        # Find the appropriate fixturedef.
+        fixturedefs = self._arg2fixturedefs.get(argname, None)
+        if fixturedefs is None:
+            # We arrive here because of a dynamic call to
+            # getfixturevalue(argname) which was naturally
+            # not known at parsing/collection time.
+            fixturedefs = self._fixturemanager.getfixturedefs(argname, self._pyfuncitem)
+            if fixturedefs is not None:
+                self._arg2fixturedefs[argname] = fixturedefs
+        # No fixtures defined with this name.
+        if fixturedefs is None:
+            raise FixtureLookupError(argname, self)
+        # The are no fixtures with this name applicable for the function.
+        if not fixturedefs:
+            raise FixtureLookupError(argname, self)
+        # A fixture may override another fixture with the same name, e.g. a
+        # fixture in a module can override a fixture in a conftest, a fixture in
+        # a class can override a fixture in the module, and so on.
+        # An overriding fixture can request its own name (possibly indirectly);
+        # in this case it gets the value of the fixture it overrides, one level
+        # up.
+        # Check how many `argname`s deep we are, and take the next one.
+        # `fixturedefs` is sorted from furthest to closest, so use negative
+        # indexing to go in reverse.
+        index = -1
+        for request in self._iter_chain():
+            if request.fixturename == argname:
+                index -= 1
+        # If already consumed all of the available levels, fail.
+        if -index > len(fixturedefs):
+            raise FixtureLookupError(argname, self)
+        fixturedef = fixturedefs[index]
+
+        # Prepare a SubRequest object for calling the fixture.
+        try:
+            callspec = self._pyfuncitem.callspec
+        except AttributeError:
+            callspec = None
+        if callspec is not None and argname in callspec.params:
+            param = callspec.params[argname]
+            param_index = callspec.indices[argname]
+            # The parametrize invocation scope overrides the fixture's scope.
+            scope = callspec._arg2scope[argname]
+        else:
+            param = NOTSET
+            param_index = 0
+            scope = fixturedef._scope
+            self._check_fixturedef_without_param(fixturedef)
+        self._check_scope(fixturedef, scope)
+        subrequest = SubRequest(
+            self, scope, param, param_index, fixturedef, _ispytest=True
+        )
+
+        # Make sure the fixture value is cached, running it if it isn't
+        fixturedef.execute(request=subrequest)
+
+        self._fixture_defs[argname] = fixturedef
+        return fixturedef
+
+    def _check_fixturedef_without_param(self, fixturedef: FixtureDef[object]) -> None:
+        """Check that this request is allowed to execute this fixturedef without
+        a param."""
+        funcitem = self._pyfuncitem
+        has_params = fixturedef.params is not None
+        fixtures_not_supported = getattr(funcitem, "nofuncargs", False)
+        if has_params and fixtures_not_supported:
+            msg = (
+                f"{funcitem.name} does not support fixtures, maybe unittest.TestCase subclass?\n"
+                f"Node id: {funcitem.nodeid}\n"
+                f"Function type: {type(funcitem).__name__}"
+            )
+            fail(msg, pytrace=False)
+        if has_params:
+            frame = inspect.stack()[3]
+            frameinfo = inspect.getframeinfo(frame[0])
+            source_path = absolutepath(frameinfo.filename)
+            source_lineno = frameinfo.lineno
+            try:
+                source_path_str = str(source_path.relative_to(funcitem.config.rootpath))
+            except ValueError:
+                source_path_str = str(source_path)
+            location = getlocation(fixturedef.func, funcitem.config.rootpath)
+            msg = (
+                "The requested fixture has no parameter defined for test:\n"
+                f"    {funcitem.nodeid}\n\n"
+                f"Requested fixture '{fixturedef.argname}' defined in:\n"
+                f"{location}\n\n"
+                f"Requested here:\n"
+                f"{source_path_str}:{source_lineno}"
+            )
+            fail(msg, pytrace=False)
+
+    def _get_fixturestack(self) -> list[FixtureDef[Any]]:
+        values = [request._fixturedef for request in self._iter_chain()]
+        values.reverse()
+        return values
+
+
+@final
+class TopRequest(FixtureRequest):
+    """The type of the ``request`` fixture in a test function."""
+
+    def __init__(self, pyfuncitem: Function, *, _ispytest: bool = False) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            fixturename=None,
+            pyfuncitem=pyfuncitem,
+            arg2fixturedefs=pyfuncitem._fixtureinfo.name2fixturedefs.copy(),
+            fixture_defs={},
+            _ispytest=_ispytest,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def _scope(self) -> Scope:
+        return Scope.Function
+
+    def _check_scope(
+        self,
+        requested_fixturedef: FixtureDef[object] | PseudoFixtureDef[object],
+        requested_scope: Scope,
+    ) -> None:
+        # TopRequest always has function scope so always valid.
+        pass
+
+    @property
+    def node(self):
+        return self._pyfuncitem
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<FixtureRequest for {self.node!r}>"
+
+    def _fillfixtures(self) -> None:
+        item = self._pyfuncitem
+        for argname in item.fixturenames:
+            if argname not in item.funcargs:
+                item.funcargs[argname] = self.getfixturevalue(argname)
+
+    def addfinalizer(self, finalizer: Callable[[], object]) -> None:
+        self.node.addfinalizer(finalizer)
+
+
+@final
+class SubRequest(FixtureRequest):
+    """The type of the ``request`` fixture in a fixture function requested
+    (transitively) by a test function."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        request: FixtureRequest,
+        scope: Scope,
+        param: Any,
+        param_index: int,
+        fixturedef: FixtureDef[object],
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            pyfuncitem=request._pyfuncitem,
+            fixturename=fixturedef.argname,
+            fixture_defs=request._fixture_defs,
+            arg2fixturedefs=request._arg2fixturedefs,
+            _ispytest=_ispytest,
+        )
+        self._parent_request: Final[FixtureRequest] = request
+        self._scope_field: Final = scope
+        self._fixturedef: Final[FixtureDef[object]] = fixturedef
+        if param is not NOTSET:
+            self.param = param
+        self.param_index: Final = param_index
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<SubRequest {self.fixturename!r} for {self._pyfuncitem!r}>"
+
+    @property
+    def _scope(self) -> Scope:
+        return self._scope_field
+
+    @property
+    def node(self):
+        scope = self._scope
+        if scope is Scope.Function:
+            # This might also be a non-function Item despite its attribute name.
+            node: nodes.Node | None = self._pyfuncitem
+        elif scope is Scope.Package:
+            node = get_scope_package(self._pyfuncitem, self._fixturedef)
+        else:
+            node = get_scope_node(self._pyfuncitem, scope)
+        if node is None and scope is Scope.Class:
+            # Fallback to function item itself.
+            node = self._pyfuncitem
+        assert node, f'Could not obtain a node for scope "{scope}" for function {self._pyfuncitem!r}'
+        return node
+
+    def _check_scope(
+        self,
+        requested_fixturedef: FixtureDef[object] | PseudoFixtureDef[object],
+        requested_scope: Scope,
+    ) -> None:
+        if isinstance(requested_fixturedef, PseudoFixtureDef):
+            return
+        if self._scope > requested_scope:
+            # Try to report something helpful.
+            argname = requested_fixturedef.argname
+            fixture_stack = "\n".join(
+                self._format_fixturedef_line(fixturedef)
+                for fixturedef in self._get_fixturestack()
+            )
+            requested_fixture = self._format_fixturedef_line(requested_fixturedef)
+            fail(
+                f"ScopeMismatch: You tried to access the {requested_scope.value} scoped "
+                f"fixture {argname} with a {self._scope.value} scoped request object. "
+                f"Requesting fixture stack:\n{fixture_stack}\n"
+                f"Requested fixture:\n{requested_fixture}",
+                pytrace=False,
+            )
+
+    def _format_fixturedef_line(self, fixturedef: FixtureDef[object]) -> str:
+        factory = fixturedef.func
+        path, lineno = getfslineno(factory)
+        if isinstance(path, Path):
+            path = bestrelpath(self._pyfuncitem.session.path, path)
+        signature = inspect.signature(factory)
+        return f"{path}:{lineno + 1}:  def {factory.__name__}{signature}"
+
+    def addfinalizer(self, finalizer: Callable[[], object]) -> None:
+        self._fixturedef.addfinalizer(finalizer)
+
+
+@final
+class FixtureLookupError(LookupError):
+    """Could not return a requested fixture (missing or invalid)."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, argname: str | None, request: FixtureRequest, msg: str | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self.argname = argname
+        self.request = request
+        self.fixturestack = request._get_fixturestack()
+        self.msg = msg
+
+    def formatrepr(self) -> FixtureLookupErrorRepr:
+        tblines: list[str] = []
+        addline = tblines.append
+        stack = [self.request._pyfuncitem.obj]
+        stack.extend(map(lambda x: x.func, self.fixturestack))
+        msg = self.msg
+        if msg is not None:
+            # The last fixture raise an error, let's present
+            # it at the requesting side.
+            stack = stack[:-1]
+        for function in stack:
+            fspath, lineno = getfslineno(function)
+            try:
+                lines, _ = inspect.getsourcelines(get_real_func(function))
+            except (OSError, IndexError, TypeError):
+                error_msg = "file %s, line %s: source code not available"
+                addline(error_msg % (fspath, lineno + 1))
+            else:
+                addline(f"file {fspath}, line {lineno + 1}")
+                for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+                    line = line.rstrip()
+                    addline("  " + line)
+                    if line.lstrip().startswith("def"):
+                        break
+
+        if msg is None:
+            fm = self.request._fixturemanager
+            available = set()
+            parent = self.request._pyfuncitem.parent
+            assert parent is not None
+            for name, fixturedefs in fm._arg2fixturedefs.items():
+                faclist = list(fm._matchfactories(fixturedefs, parent))
+                if faclist:
+                    available.add(name)
+            if self.argname in available:
+                msg = (
+                    f" recursive dependency involving fixture '{self.argname}' detected"
+                )
+            else:
+                msg = f"fixture '{self.argname}' not found"
+            msg += "\n available fixtures: {}".format(", ".join(sorted(available)))
+            msg += "\n use 'pytest --fixtures [testpath]' for help on them."
+
+        return FixtureLookupErrorRepr(fspath, lineno, tblines, msg, self.argname)
+
+
+class FixtureLookupErrorRepr(TerminalRepr):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        filename: str | os.PathLike[str],
+        firstlineno: int,
+        tblines: Sequence[str],
+        errorstring: str,
+        argname: str | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.tblines = tblines
+        self.errorstring = errorstring
+        self.filename = filename
+        self.firstlineno = firstlineno
+        self.argname = argname
+
+    def toterminal(self, tw: TerminalWriter) -> None:
+        # tw.line("FixtureLookupError: %s" %(self.argname), red=True)
+        for tbline in self.tblines:
+            tw.line(tbline.rstrip())
+        lines = self.errorstring.split("\n")
+        if lines:
+            tw.line(
+                f"{FormattedExcinfo.fail_marker}       {lines[0].strip()}",
+                red=True,
+            )
+            for line in lines[1:]:
+                tw.line(
+                    f"{FormattedExcinfo.flow_marker}       {line.strip()}",
+                    red=True,
+                )
+        tw.line()
+        tw.line("%s:%d" % (os.fspath(self.filename), self.firstlineno + 1))
+
+
+def call_fixture_func(
+    fixturefunc: _FixtureFunc[FixtureValue], request: FixtureRequest, kwargs
+) -> FixtureValue:
+    if is_generator(fixturefunc):
+        fixturefunc = cast(
+            Callable[..., Generator[FixtureValue, None, None]], fixturefunc
+        )
+        generator = fixturefunc(**kwargs)
+        try:
+            fixture_result = next(generator)
+        except StopIteration:
+            raise ValueError(f"{request.fixturename} did not yield a value") from None
+        finalizer = functools.partial(_teardown_yield_fixture, fixturefunc, generator)
+        request.addfinalizer(finalizer)
+    else:
+        fixturefunc = cast(Callable[..., FixtureValue], fixturefunc)
+        fixture_result = fixturefunc(**kwargs)
+    return fixture_result
+
+
+def _teardown_yield_fixture(fixturefunc, it) -> None:
+    """Execute the teardown of a fixture function by advancing the iterator
+    after the yield and ensure the iteration ends (if not it means there is
+    more than one yield in the function)."""
+    try:
+        next(it)
+    except StopIteration:
+        pass
+    else:
+        fs, lineno = getfslineno(fixturefunc)
+        fail(
+            f"fixture function has more than one 'yield':\n\n"
+            f"{Source(fixturefunc).indent()}\n"
+            f"{fs}:{lineno + 1}",
+            pytrace=False,
+        )
+
+
+def _eval_scope_callable(
+    scope_callable: Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName],
+    fixture_name: str,
+    config: Config,
+) -> _ScopeName:
+    try:
+        # Type ignored because there is no typing mechanism to specify
+        # keyword arguments, currently.
+        result = scope_callable(fixture_name=fixture_name, config=config)  # type: ignore[call-arg]
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise TypeError(
+            f"Error evaluating {scope_callable} while defining fixture '{fixture_name}'.\n"
+            "Expected a function with the signature (*, fixture_name, config)"
+        ) from e
+    if not isinstance(result, str):
+        fail(
+            f"Expected {scope_callable} to return a 'str' while defining fixture '{fixture_name}', but it returned:\n"
+            f"{result!r}",
+            pytrace=False,
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+@final
+class FixtureDef(Generic[FixtureValue]):
+    """A container for a fixture definition.
+
+    Note: At this time, only explicitly documented fields and methods are
+    considered public stable API.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        config: Config,
+        baseid: str | None,
+        argname: str,
+        func: _FixtureFunc[FixtureValue],
+        scope: Scope | _ScopeName | Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName] | None,
+        params: Sequence[object] | None,
+        ids: tuple[object | None, ...] | Callable[[Any], object | None] | None = None,
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        # The "base" node ID for the fixture.
+        #
+        # This is a node ID prefix. A fixture is only available to a node (e.g.
+        # a `Function` item) if the fixture's baseid is a nodeid of a parent of
+        # node.
+        #
+        # For a fixture found in a Collector's object (e.g. a `Module`s module,
+        # a `Class`'s class), the baseid is the Collector's nodeid.
+        #
+        # For a fixture found in a conftest plugin, the baseid is the conftest's
+        # directory path relative to the rootdir.
+        #
+        # For other plugins, the baseid is the empty string (always matches).
+        self.baseid: Final = baseid or ""
+        # Whether the fixture was found from a node or a conftest in the
+        # collection tree. Will be false for fixtures defined in non-conftest
+        # plugins.
+        self.has_location: Final = baseid is not None
+        # The fixture factory function.
+        self.func: Final = func
+        # The name by which the fixture may be requested.
+        self.argname: Final = argname
+        if scope is None:
+            scope = Scope.Function
+        elif callable(scope):
+            scope = _eval_scope_callable(scope, argname, config)
+        if isinstance(scope, str):
+            scope = Scope.from_user(
+                scope, descr=f"Fixture '{func.__name__}'", where=baseid
+            )
+        self._scope: Final = scope
+        # If the fixture is directly parametrized, the parameter values.
+        self.params: Final = params
+        # If the fixture is directly parametrized, a tuple of explicit IDs to
+        # assign to the parameter values, or a callable to generate an ID given
+        # a parameter value.
+        self.ids: Final = ids
+        # The names requested by the fixtures.
+        self.argnames: Final = getfuncargnames(func, name=argname)
+        # If the fixture was executed, the current value of the fixture.
+        # Can change if the fixture is executed with different parameters.
+        self.cached_result: _FixtureCachedResult[FixtureValue] | None = None
+        self._finalizers: Final[list[Callable[[], object]]] = []
+
+    @property
+    def scope(self) -> _ScopeName:
+        """Scope string, one of "function", "class", "module", "package", "session"."""
+        return self._scope.value
+
+    def addfinalizer(self, finalizer: Callable[[], object]) -> None:
+        self._finalizers.append(finalizer)
+
+    def finish(self, request: SubRequest) -> None:
+        exceptions: list[BaseException] = []
+        while self._finalizers:
+            fin = self._finalizers.pop()
+            try:
+                fin()
+            except BaseException as e:
+                exceptions.append(e)
+        node = request.node
+        node.ihook.pytest_fixture_post_finalizer(fixturedef=self, request=request)
+        # Even if finalization fails, we invalidate the cached fixture
+        # value and remove all finalizers because they may be bound methods
+        # which will keep instances alive.
+        self.cached_result = None
+        self._finalizers.clear()
+        if len(exceptions) == 1:
+            raise exceptions[0]
+        elif len(exceptions) > 1:
+            msg = f'errors while tearing down fixture "{self.argname}" of {node}'
+            raise BaseExceptionGroup(msg, exceptions[::-1])
+
+    def execute(self, request: SubRequest) -> FixtureValue:
+        """Return the value of this fixture, executing it if not cached."""
+        # Ensure that the dependent fixtures requested by this fixture are loaded.
+        # This needs to be done before checking if we have a cached value, since
+        # if a dependent fixture has their cache invalidated, e.g. due to
+        # parametrization, they finalize themselves and fixtures depending on it
+        # (which will likely include this fixture) setting `self.cached_result = None`.
+        # See #4871
+        requested_fixtures_that_should_finalize_us = []
+        for argname in self.argnames:
+            fixturedef = request._get_active_fixturedef(argname)
+            # Saves requested fixtures in a list so we later can add our finalizer
+            # to them, ensuring that if a requested fixture gets torn down we get torn
+            # down first. This is generally handled by SetupState, but still currently
+            # needed when this fixture is not parametrized but depends on a parametrized
+            # fixture.
+            if not isinstance(fixturedef, PseudoFixtureDef):
+                requested_fixtures_that_should_finalize_us.append(fixturedef)
+
+        # Check for (and return) cached value/exception.
+        if self.cached_result is not None:
+            request_cache_key = self.cache_key(request)
+            cache_key = self.cached_result[1]
+            try:
+                # Attempt to make a normal == check: this might fail for objects
+                # which do not implement the standard comparison (like numpy arrays -- #6497).
+                cache_hit = bool(request_cache_key == cache_key)
+            except (ValueError, RuntimeError):
+                # If the comparison raises, use 'is' as fallback.
+                cache_hit = request_cache_key is cache_key
+
+            if cache_hit:
+                if self.cached_result[2] is not None:
+                    exc, exc_tb = self.cached_result[2]
+                    raise exc.with_traceback(exc_tb)
+                else:
+                    result = self.cached_result[0]
+                    return result
+            # We have a previous but differently parametrized fixture instance
+            # so we need to tear it down before creating a new one.
+            self.finish(request)
+            assert self.cached_result is None
+
+        # Add finalizer to requested fixtures we saved previously.
+        # We make sure to do this after checking for cached value to avoid
+        # adding our finalizer multiple times. (#12135)
+        finalizer = functools.partial(self.finish, request=request)
+        for parent_fixture in requested_fixtures_that_should_finalize_us:
+            parent_fixture.addfinalizer(finalizer)
+
+        ihook = request.node.ihook
+        try:
+            # Setup the fixture, run the code in it, and cache the value
+            # in self.cached_result
+            result = ihook.pytest_fixture_setup(fixturedef=self, request=request)
+        finally:
+            # schedule our finalizer, even if the setup failed
+            request.node.addfinalizer(finalizer)
+
+        return result
+
+    def cache_key(self, request: SubRequest) -> object:
+        return getattr(request, "param", None)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<FixtureDef argname={self.argname!r} scope={self.scope!r} baseid={self.baseid!r}>"
+
+
+def resolve_fixture_function(
+    fixturedef: FixtureDef[FixtureValue], request: FixtureRequest
+) -> _FixtureFunc[FixtureValue]:
+    """Get the actual callable that can be called to obtain the fixture
+    value."""
+    fixturefunc = fixturedef.func
+    # The fixture function needs to be bound to the actual
+    # request.instance so that code working with "fixturedef" behaves
+    # as expected.
+    instance = request.instance
+    if instance is not None:
+        # Handle the case where fixture is defined not in a test class, but some other class
+        # (for example a plugin class with a fixture), see #2270.
+        if hasattr(fixturefunc, "__self__") and not isinstance(
+            instance,
+            fixturefunc.__self__.__class__,
+        ):
+            return fixturefunc
+        fixturefunc = getimfunc(fixturedef.func)
+        if fixturefunc != fixturedef.func:
+            fixturefunc = fixturefunc.__get__(instance)
+    return fixturefunc
+
+
+def pytest_fixture_setup(
+    fixturedef: FixtureDef[FixtureValue], request: SubRequest
+) -> FixtureValue:
+    """Execution of fixture setup."""
+    kwargs = {}
+    for argname in fixturedef.argnames:
+        kwargs[argname] = request.getfixturevalue(argname)
+
+    fixturefunc = resolve_fixture_function(fixturedef, request)
+    my_cache_key = fixturedef.cache_key(request)
+    try:
+        result = call_fixture_func(fixturefunc, request, kwargs)
+    except TEST_OUTCOME as e:
+        if isinstance(e, skip.Exception):
+            # The test requested a fixture which caused a skip.
+            # Don't show the fixture as the skip location, as then the user
+            # wouldn't know which test skipped.
+            e._use_item_location = True
+        fixturedef.cached_result = (None, my_cache_key, (e, e.__traceback__))
+        raise
+    fixturedef.cached_result = (result, my_cache_key, None)
+    return result
+
+
+def wrap_function_to_error_out_if_called_directly(
+    function: FixtureFunction,
+    fixture_marker: FixtureFunctionMarker,
+) -> FixtureFunction:
+    """Wrap the given fixture function so we can raise an error about it being called directly,
+    instead of used as an argument in a test function."""
+    name = fixture_marker.name or function.__name__
+    message = (
+        f'Fixture "{name}" called directly. Fixtures are not meant to be called directly,\n'
+        "but are created automatically when test functions request them as parameters.\n"
+        "See https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/explanation/fixtures.html for more information about fixtures, and\n"
+        "https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/deprecations.html#calling-fixtures-directly about how to update your code."
+    )
+
+    @functools.wraps(function)
+    def result(*args, **kwargs):
+        fail(message, pytrace=False)
+
+    # Keep reference to the original function in our own custom attribute so we don't unwrap
+    # further than this point and lose useful wrappings like @mock.patch (#3774).
+    result.__pytest_wrapped__ = _PytestWrapper(function)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+    return cast(FixtureFunction, result)
+
+
+@final
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FixtureFunctionMarker:
+    scope: _ScopeName | Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName]
+    params: tuple[object, ...] | None
+    autouse: bool = False
+    ids: tuple[object | None, ...] | Callable[[Any], object | None] | None = None
+    name: str | None = None
+
+    _ispytest: dataclasses.InitVar[bool] = False
+
+    def __post_init__(self, _ispytest: bool) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+
+    def __call__(self, function: FixtureFunction) -> FixtureFunction:
+        if inspect.isclass(function):
+            raise ValueError("class fixtures not supported (maybe in the future)")
+
+        if getattr(function, "_pytestfixturefunction", False):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"@pytest.fixture is being applied more than once to the same function {function.__name__!r}"
+            )
+
+        if hasattr(function, "pytestmark"):
+            warnings.warn(MARKED_FIXTURE, stacklevel=2)
+
+        function = wrap_function_to_error_out_if_called_directly(function, self)
+
+        name = self.name or function.__name__
+        if name == "request":
+            location = getlocation(function)
+            fail(
+                f"'request' is a reserved word for fixtures, use another name:\n  {location}",
+                pytrace=False,
+            )
+
+        # Type ignored because https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/2087.
+        function._pytestfixturefunction = self  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        return function
+
+
+@overload
+def fixture(
+    fixture_function: FixtureFunction,
+    *,
+    scope: _ScopeName | Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName] = ...,
+    params: Iterable[object] | None = ...,
+    autouse: bool = ...,
+    ids: Sequence[object | None] | Callable[[Any], object | None] | None = ...,
+    name: str | None = ...,
+) -> FixtureFunction: ...
+
+
+@overload
+def fixture(
+    fixture_function: None = ...,
+    *,
+    scope: _ScopeName | Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName] = ...,
+    params: Iterable[object] | None = ...,
+    autouse: bool = ...,
+    ids: Sequence[object | None] | Callable[[Any], object | None] | None = ...,
+    name: str | None = None,
+) -> FixtureFunctionMarker: ...
+
+
+def fixture(
+    fixture_function: FixtureFunction | None = None,
+    *,
+    scope: _ScopeName | Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName] = "function",
+    params: Iterable[object] | None = None,
+    autouse: bool = False,
+    ids: Sequence[object | None] | Callable[[Any], object | None] | None = None,
+    name: str | None = None,
+) -> FixtureFunctionMarker | FixtureFunction:
+    """Decorator to mark a fixture factory function.
+
+    This decorator can be used, with or without parameters, to define a
+    fixture function.
+
+    The name of the fixture function can later be referenced to cause its
+    invocation ahead of running tests: test modules or classes can use the
+    ``pytest.mark.usefixtures(fixturename)`` marker.
+
+    Test functions can directly use fixture names as input arguments in which
+    case the fixture instance returned from the fixture function will be
+    injected.
+
+    Fixtures can provide their values to test functions using ``return`` or
+    ``yield`` statements. When using ``yield`` the code block after the
+    ``yield`` statement is executed as teardown code regardless of the test
+    outcome, and must yield exactly once.
+
+    :param scope:
+        The scope for which this fixture is shared; one of ``"function"``
+        (default), ``"class"``, ``"module"``, ``"package"`` or ``"session"``.
+
+        This parameter may also be a callable which receives ``(fixture_name, config)``
+        as parameters, and must return a ``str`` with one of the values mentioned above.
+
+        See :ref:`dynamic scope` in the docs for more information.
+
+    :param params:
+        An optional list of parameters which will cause multiple invocations
+        of the fixture function and all of the tests using it. The current
+        parameter is available in ``request.param``.
+
+    :param autouse:
+        If True, the fixture func is activated for all tests that can see it.
+        If False (the default), an explicit reference is needed to activate
+        the fixture.
+
+    :param ids:
+        Sequence of ids each corresponding to the params so that they are
+        part of the test id. If no ids are provided they will be generated
+        automatically from the params.
+
+    :param name:
+        The name of the fixture. This defaults to the name of the decorated
+        function. If a fixture is used in the same module in which it is
+        defined, the function name of the fixture will be shadowed by the
+        function arg that requests the fixture; one way to resolve this is to
+        name the decorated function ``fixture_<fixturename>`` and then use
+        ``@pytest.fixture(name='<fixturename>')``.
+    """
+    fixture_marker = FixtureFunctionMarker(
+        scope=scope,
+        params=tuple(params) if params is not None else None,
+        autouse=autouse,
+        ids=None if ids is None else ids if callable(ids) else tuple(ids),
+        name=name,
+        _ispytest=True,
+    )
+
+    # Direct decoration.
+    if fixture_function:
+        return fixture_marker(fixture_function)
+
+    return fixture_marker
+
+
+def yield_fixture(
+    fixture_function=None,
+    *args,
+    scope="function",
+    params=None,
+    autouse=False,
+    ids=None,
+    name=None,
+):
+    """(Return a) decorator to mark a yield-fixture factory function.
+
+    .. deprecated:: 3.0
+        Use :py:func:`pytest.fixture` directly instead.
+    """
+    warnings.warn(YIELD_FIXTURE, stacklevel=2)
+    return fixture(
+        fixture_function,
+        *args,
+        scope=scope,
+        params=params,
+        autouse=autouse,
+        ids=ids,
+        name=name,
+    )
+
+
+@fixture(scope="session")
+def pytestconfig(request: FixtureRequest) -> Config:
+    """Session-scoped fixture that returns the session's :class:`pytest.Config`
+    object.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def test_foo(pytestconfig):
+            if pytestconfig.get_verbosity() > 0:
+                ...
+
+    """
+    return request.config
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    parser.addini(
+        "usefixtures",
+        type="args",
+        default=[],
+        help="List of default fixtures to be used with this project",
+    )
+    group = parser.getgroup("general")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--fixtures",
+        "--funcargs",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="showfixtures",
+        default=False,
+        help="Show available fixtures, sorted by plugin appearance "
+        "(fixtures with leading '_' are only shown with '-v')",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--fixtures-per-test",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="show_fixtures_per_test",
+        default=False,
+        help="Show fixtures per test",
+    )
+
+
+def pytest_cmdline_main(config: Config) -> int | ExitCode | None:
+    if config.option.showfixtures:
+        showfixtures(config)
+        return 0
+    if config.option.show_fixtures_per_test:
+        show_fixtures_per_test(config)
+        return 0
+    return None
+
+
+def _get_direct_parametrize_args(node: nodes.Node) -> set[str]:
+    """Return all direct parametrization arguments of a node, so we don't
+    mistake them for fixtures.
+
+    Check https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/5036.
+
+    These things are done later as well when dealing with parametrization
+    so this could be improved.
+    """
+    parametrize_argnames: set[str] = set()
+    for marker in node.iter_markers(name="parametrize"):
+        if not marker.kwargs.get("indirect", False):
+            p_argnames, _ = ParameterSet._parse_parametrize_args(
+                *marker.args, **marker.kwargs
+            )
+            parametrize_argnames.update(p_argnames)
+    return parametrize_argnames
+
+
+def deduplicate_names(*seqs: Iterable[str]) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """De-duplicate the sequence of names while keeping the original order."""
+    # Ideally we would use a set, but it does not preserve insertion order.
+    return tuple(dict.fromkeys(name for seq in seqs for name in seq))
+
+
+class FixtureManager:
+    """pytest fixture definitions and information is stored and managed
+    from this class.
+
+    During collection fm.parsefactories() is called multiple times to parse
+    fixture function definitions into FixtureDef objects and internal
+    data structures.
+
+    During collection of test functions, metafunc-mechanics instantiate
+    a FuncFixtureInfo object which is cached per node/func-name.
+    This FuncFixtureInfo object is later retrieved by Function nodes
+    which themselves offer a fixturenames attribute.
+
+    The FuncFixtureInfo object holds information about fixtures and FixtureDefs
+    relevant for a particular function. An initial list of fixtures is
+    assembled like this:
+
+    - ini-defined usefixtures
+    - autouse-marked fixtures along the collection chain up from the function
+    - usefixtures markers at module/class/function level
+    - test function funcargs
+
+    Subsequently the funcfixtureinfo.fixturenames attribute is computed
+    as the closure of the fixtures needed to setup the initial fixtures,
+    i.e. fixtures needed by fixture functions themselves are appended
+    to the fixturenames list.
+
+    Upon the test-setup phases all fixturenames are instantiated, retrieved
+    by a lookup of their FuncFixtureInfo.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, session: Session) -> None:
+        self.session = session
+        self.config: Config = session.config
+        # Maps a fixture name (argname) to all of the FixtureDefs in the test
+        # suite/plugins defined with this name. Populated by parsefactories().
+        # TODO: The order of the FixtureDefs list of each arg is significant,
+        #       explain.
+        self._arg2fixturedefs: Final[dict[str, list[FixtureDef[Any]]]] = {}
+        self._holderobjseen: Final[set[object]] = set()
+        # A mapping from a nodeid to a list of autouse fixtures it defines.
+        self._nodeid_autousenames: Final[dict[str, list[str]]] = {
+            "": self.config.getini("usefixtures"),
+        }
+        session.config.pluginmanager.register(self, "funcmanage")
+
+    def getfixtureinfo(
+        self,
+        node: nodes.Item,
+        func: Callable[..., object] | None,
+        cls: type | None,
+    ) -> FuncFixtureInfo:
+        """Calculate the :class:`FuncFixtureInfo` for an item.
+
+        If ``func`` is None, or if the item sets an attribute
+        ``nofuncargs = True``, then ``func`` is not examined at all.
+
+        :param node:
+            The item requesting the fixtures.
+        :param func:
+            The item's function.
+        :param cls:
+            If the function is a method, the method's class.
+        """
+        if func is not None and not getattr(node, "nofuncargs", False):
+            argnames = getfuncargnames(func, name=node.name, cls=cls)
+        else:
+            argnames = ()
+        usefixturesnames = self._getusefixturesnames(node)
+        autousenames = self._getautousenames(node)
+        initialnames = deduplicate_names(autousenames, usefixturesnames, argnames)
+
+        direct_parametrize_args = _get_direct_parametrize_args(node)
+
+        names_closure, arg2fixturedefs = self.getfixtureclosure(
+            parentnode=node,
+            initialnames=initialnames,
+            ignore_args=direct_parametrize_args,
+        )
+
+        return FuncFixtureInfo(argnames, initialnames, names_closure, arg2fixturedefs)
+
+    def pytest_plugin_registered(self, plugin: _PluggyPlugin, plugin_name: str) -> None:
+        # Fixtures defined in conftest plugins are only visible to within the
+        # conftest's directory. This is unlike fixtures in non-conftest plugins
+        # which have global visibility. So for conftests, construct the base
+        # nodeid from the plugin name (which is the conftest path).
+        if plugin_name and plugin_name.endswith("conftest.py"):
+            # Note: we explicitly do *not* use `plugin.__file__` here -- The
+            # difference is that plugin_name has the correct capitalization on
+            # case-insensitive systems (Windows) and other normalization issues
+            # (issue #11816).
+            conftestpath = absolutepath(plugin_name)
+            try:
+                nodeid = str(conftestpath.parent.relative_to(self.config.rootpath))
+            except ValueError:
+                nodeid = ""
+            if nodeid == ".":
+                nodeid = ""
+            if os.sep != nodes.SEP:
+                nodeid = nodeid.replace(os.sep, nodes.SEP)
+        else:
+            nodeid = None
+
+        self.parsefactories(plugin, nodeid)
+
+    def _getautousenames(self, node: nodes.Node) -> Iterator[str]:
+        """Return the names of autouse fixtures applicable to node."""
+        for parentnode in node.listchain():
+            basenames = self._nodeid_autousenames.get(parentnode.nodeid)
+            if basenames:
+                yield from basenames
+
+    def _getusefixturesnames(self, node: nodes.Item) -> Iterator[str]:
+        """Return the names of usefixtures fixtures applicable to node."""
+        for mark in node.iter_markers(name="usefixtures"):
+            yield from mark.args
+
+    def getfixtureclosure(
+        self,
+        parentnode: nodes.Node,
+        initialnames: tuple[str, ...],
+        ignore_args: AbstractSet[str],
+    ) -> tuple[list[str], dict[str, Sequence[FixtureDef[Any]]]]:
+        # Collect the closure of all fixtures, starting with the given
+        # fixturenames as the initial set.  As we have to visit all
+        # factory definitions anyway, we also return an arg2fixturedefs
+        # mapping so that the caller can reuse it and does not have
+        # to re-discover fixturedefs again for each fixturename
+        # (discovering matching fixtures for a given name/node is expensive).
+
+        fixturenames_closure = list(initialnames)
+
+        arg2fixturedefs: dict[str, Sequence[FixtureDef[Any]]] = {}
+        lastlen = -1
+        while lastlen != len(fixturenames_closure):
+            lastlen = len(fixturenames_closure)
+            for argname in fixturenames_closure:
+                if argname in ignore_args:
+                    continue
+                if argname in arg2fixturedefs:
+                    continue
+                fixturedefs = self.getfixturedefs(argname, parentnode)
+                if fixturedefs:
+                    arg2fixturedefs[argname] = fixturedefs
+                    for arg in fixturedefs[-1].argnames:
+                        if arg not in fixturenames_closure:
+                            fixturenames_closure.append(arg)
+
+        def sort_by_scope(arg_name: str) -> Scope:
+            try:
+                fixturedefs = arg2fixturedefs[arg_name]
+            except KeyError:
+                return Scope.Function
+            else:
+                return fixturedefs[-1]._scope
+
+        fixturenames_closure.sort(key=sort_by_scope, reverse=True)
+        return fixturenames_closure, arg2fixturedefs
+
+    def pytest_generate_tests(self, metafunc: Metafunc) -> None:
+        """Generate new tests based on parametrized fixtures used by the given metafunc"""
+
+        def get_parametrize_mark_argnames(mark: Mark) -> Sequence[str]:
+            args, _ = ParameterSet._parse_parametrize_args(*mark.args, **mark.kwargs)
+            return args
+
+        for argname in metafunc.fixturenames:
+            # Get the FixtureDefs for the argname.
+            fixture_defs = metafunc._arg2fixturedefs.get(argname)
+            if not fixture_defs:
+                # Will raise FixtureLookupError at setup time if not parametrized somewhere
+                # else (e.g @pytest.mark.parametrize)
+                continue
+
+            # If the test itself parametrizes using this argname, give it
+            # precedence.
+            if any(
+                argname in get_parametrize_mark_argnames(mark)
+                for mark in metafunc.definition.iter_markers("parametrize")
+            ):
+                continue
+
+            # In the common case we only look at the fixture def with the
+            # closest scope (last in the list). But if the fixture overrides
+            # another fixture, while requesting the super fixture, keep going
+            # in case the super fixture is parametrized (#1953).
+            for fixturedef in reversed(fixture_defs):
+                # Fixture is parametrized, apply it and stop.
+                if fixturedef.params is not None:
+                    metafunc.parametrize(
+                        argname,
+                        fixturedef.params,
+                        indirect=True,
+                        scope=fixturedef.scope,
+                        ids=fixturedef.ids,
+                    )
+                    break
+
+                # Not requesting the overridden super fixture, stop.
+                if argname not in fixturedef.argnames:
+                    break
+
+                # Try next super fixture, if any.
+
+    def pytest_collection_modifyitems(self, items: list[nodes.Item]) -> None:
+        # Separate parametrized setups.
+        items[:] = reorder_items(items)
+
+    def _register_fixture(
+        self,
+        *,
+        name: str,
+        func: _FixtureFunc[object],
+        nodeid: str | None,
+        scope: Scope | _ScopeName | Callable[[str, Config], _ScopeName] = "function",
+        params: Sequence[object] | None = None,
+        ids: tuple[object | None, ...] | Callable[[Any], object | None] | None = None,
+        autouse: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register a fixture
+
+        :param name:
+            The fixture's name.
+        :param func:
+            The fixture's implementation function.
+        :param nodeid:
+            The visibility of the fixture. The fixture will be available to the
+            node with this nodeid and its children in the collection tree.
+            None means that the fixture is visible to the entire collection tree,
+            e.g. a fixture defined for general use in a plugin.
+        :param scope:
+            The fixture's scope.
+        :param params:
+            The fixture's parametrization params.
+        :param ids:
+            The fixture's IDs.
+        :param autouse:
+            Whether this is an autouse fixture.
+        """
+        fixture_def = FixtureDef(
+            config=self.config,
+            baseid=nodeid,
+            argname=name,
+            func=func,
+            scope=scope,
+            params=params,
+            ids=ids,
+            _ispytest=True,
+        )
+
+        faclist = self._arg2fixturedefs.setdefault(name, [])
+        if fixture_def.has_location:
+            faclist.append(fixture_def)
+        else:
+            # fixturedefs with no location are at the front
+            # so this inserts the current fixturedef after the
+            # existing fixturedefs from external plugins but
+            # before the fixturedefs provided in conftests.
+            i = len([f for f in faclist if not f.has_location])
+            faclist.insert(i, fixture_def)
+        if autouse:
+            self._nodeid_autousenames.setdefault(nodeid or "", []).append(name)
+
+    @overload
+    def parsefactories(
+        self,
+        node_or_obj: nodes.Node,
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @overload
+    def parsefactories(
+        self,
+        node_or_obj: object,
+        nodeid: str | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def parsefactories(
+        self,
+        node_or_obj: nodes.Node | object,
+        nodeid: str | NotSetType | None = NOTSET,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Collect fixtures from a collection node or object.
+
+        Found fixtures are parsed into `FixtureDef`s and saved.
+
+        If `node_or_object` is a collection node (with an underlying Python
+        object), the node's object is traversed and the node's nodeid is used to
+        determine the fixtures' visibility. `nodeid` must not be specified in
+        this case.
+
+        If `node_or_object` is an object (e.g. a plugin), the object is
+        traversed and the given `nodeid` is used to determine the fixtures'
+        visibility. `nodeid` must be specified in this case; None and "" mean
+        total visibility.
+        """
+        if nodeid is not NOTSET:
+            holderobj = node_or_obj
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(node_or_obj, nodes.Node)
+            holderobj = cast(object, node_or_obj.obj)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            assert isinstance(node_or_obj.nodeid, str)
+            nodeid = node_or_obj.nodeid
+        if holderobj in self._holderobjseen:
+            return
+
+        # Avoid accessing `@property` (and other descriptors) when iterating fixtures.
+        if not safe_isclass(holderobj) and not isinstance(holderobj, types.ModuleType):
+            holderobj_tp: object = type(holderobj)
+        else:
+            holderobj_tp = holderobj
+
+        self._holderobjseen.add(holderobj)
+        for name in dir(holderobj):
+            # The attribute can be an arbitrary descriptor, so the attribute
+            # access below can raise. safe_getattr() ignores such exceptions.
+            obj_ub = safe_getattr(holderobj_tp, name, None)
+            marker = getfixturemarker(obj_ub)
+            if not isinstance(marker, FixtureFunctionMarker):
+                # Magic globals  with __getattr__ might have got us a wrong
+                # fixture attribute.
+                continue
+
+            # OK we know it is a fixture -- now safe to look up on the _instance_.
+            obj = getattr(holderobj, name)
+
+            if marker.name:
+                name = marker.name
+
+            # During fixture definition we wrap the original fixture function
+            # to issue a warning if called directly, so here we unwrap it in
+            # order to not emit the warning when pytest itself calls the
+            # fixture function.
+            func = get_real_method(obj, holderobj)
+
+            self._register_fixture(
+                name=name,
+                nodeid=nodeid,
+                func=func,
+                scope=marker.scope,
+                params=marker.params,
+                ids=marker.ids,
+                autouse=marker.autouse,
+            )
+
+    def getfixturedefs(
+        self, argname: str, node: nodes.Node
+    ) -> Sequence[FixtureDef[Any]] | None:
+        """Get FixtureDefs for a fixture name which are applicable
+        to a given node.
+
+        Returns None if there are no fixtures at all defined with the given
+        name. (This is different from the case in which there are fixtures
+        with the given name, but none applicable to the node. In this case,
+        an empty result is returned).
+
+        :param argname: Name of the fixture to search for.
+        :param node: The requesting Node.
+        """
+        try:
+            fixturedefs = self._arg2fixturedefs[argname]
+        except KeyError:
+            return None
+        return tuple(self._matchfactories(fixturedefs, node))
+
+    def _matchfactories(
+        self, fixturedefs: Iterable[FixtureDef[Any]], node: nodes.Node
+    ) -> Iterator[FixtureDef[Any]]:
+        parentnodeids = {n.nodeid for n in node.iter_parents()}
+        for fixturedef in fixturedefs:
+            if fixturedef.baseid in parentnodeids:
+                yield fixturedef
+
+
+def show_fixtures_per_test(config: Config) -> int | ExitCode:
+    from _pytest.main import wrap_session
+
+    return wrap_session(config, _show_fixtures_per_test)
+
+
+_PYTEST_DIR = Path(_pytest.__file__).parent
+
+
+def _pretty_fixture_path(invocation_dir: Path, func) -> str:
+    loc = Path(getlocation(func, invocation_dir))
+    prefix = Path("...", "_pytest")
+    try:
+        return str(prefix / loc.relative_to(_PYTEST_DIR))
+    except ValueError:
+        return bestrelpath(invocation_dir, loc)
+
+
+def _show_fixtures_per_test(config: Config, session: Session) -> None:
+    import _pytest.config
+
+    session.perform_collect()
+    invocation_dir = config.invocation_params.dir
+    tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
+    verbose = config.get_verbosity()
+
+    def get_best_relpath(func) -> str:
+        loc = getlocation(func, invocation_dir)
+        return bestrelpath(invocation_dir, Path(loc))
+
+    def write_fixture(fixture_def: FixtureDef[object]) -> None:
+        argname = fixture_def.argname
+        if verbose <= 0 and argname.startswith("_"):
+            return
+        prettypath = _pretty_fixture_path(invocation_dir, fixture_def.func)
+        tw.write(f"{argname}", green=True)
+        tw.write(f" -- {prettypath}", yellow=True)
+        tw.write("\n")
+        fixture_doc = inspect.getdoc(fixture_def.func)
+        if fixture_doc:
+            write_docstring(
+                tw,
+                fixture_doc.split("\n\n", maxsplit=1)[0]
+                if verbose <= 0
+                else fixture_doc,
+            )
+        else:
+            tw.line("    no docstring available", red=True)
+
+    def write_item(item: nodes.Item) -> None:
+        # Not all items have _fixtureinfo attribute.
+        info: FuncFixtureInfo | None = getattr(item, "_fixtureinfo", None)
+        if info is None or not info.name2fixturedefs:
+            # This test item does not use any fixtures.
+            return
+        tw.line()
+        tw.sep("-", f"fixtures used by {item.name}")
+        # TODO: Fix this type ignore.
+        tw.sep("-", f"({get_best_relpath(item.function)})")  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        # dict key not used in loop but needed for sorting.
+        for _, fixturedefs in sorted(info.name2fixturedefs.items()):
+            assert fixturedefs is not None
+            if not fixturedefs:
+                continue
+            # Last item is expected to be the one used by the test item.
+            write_fixture(fixturedefs[-1])
+
+    for session_item in session.items:
+        write_item(session_item)
+
+
+def showfixtures(config: Config) -> int | ExitCode:
+    from _pytest.main import wrap_session
+
+    return wrap_session(config, _showfixtures_main)
+
+
+def _showfixtures_main(config: Config, session: Session) -> None:
+    import _pytest.config
+
+    session.perform_collect()
+    invocation_dir = config.invocation_params.dir
+    tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
+    verbose = config.get_verbosity()
+
+    fm = session._fixturemanager
+
+    available = []
+    seen: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
+
+    for argname, fixturedefs in fm._arg2fixturedefs.items():
+        assert fixturedefs is not None
+        if not fixturedefs:
+            continue
+        for fixturedef in fixturedefs:
+            loc = getlocation(fixturedef.func, invocation_dir)
+            if (fixturedef.argname, loc) in seen:
+                continue
+            seen.add((fixturedef.argname, loc))
+            available.append(
+                (
+                    len(fixturedef.baseid),
+                    fixturedef.func.__module__,
+                    _pretty_fixture_path(invocation_dir, fixturedef.func),
+                    fixturedef.argname,
+                    fixturedef,
+                )
+            )
+
+    available.sort()
+    currentmodule = None
+    for baseid, module, prettypath, argname, fixturedef in available:
+        if currentmodule != module:
+            if not module.startswith("_pytest."):
+                tw.line()
+                tw.sep("-", f"fixtures defined from {module}")
+                currentmodule = module
+        if verbose <= 0 and argname.startswith("_"):
+            continue
+        tw.write(f"{argname}", green=True)
+        if fixturedef.scope != "function":
+            tw.write(f" [{fixturedef.scope} scope]", cyan=True)
+        tw.write(f" -- {prettypath}", yellow=True)
+        tw.write("\n")
+        doc = inspect.getdoc(fixturedef.func)
+        if doc:
+            write_docstring(
+                tw, doc.split("\n\n", maxsplit=1)[0] if verbose <= 0 else doc
+            )
+        else:
+            tw.line("    no docstring available", red=True)
+        tw.line()
+
+
+def write_docstring(tw: TerminalWriter, doc: str, indent: str = "    ") -> None:
+    for line in doc.split("\n"):
+        tw.line(indent + line)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/freeze_support.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""Provides a function to report all internal modules for using freezing
+tools."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import types
+from typing import Iterator
+
+
+def freeze_includes() -> list[str]:
+    """Return a list of module names used by pytest that should be
+    included by cx_freeze."""
+    import _pytest
+
+    result = list(_iter_all_modules(_pytest))
+    return result
+
+
+def _iter_all_modules(
+    package: str | types.ModuleType,
+    prefix: str = "",
+) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Iterate over the names of all modules that can be found in the given
+    package, recursively.
+
+        >>> import _pytest
+        >>> list(_iter_all_modules(_pytest))
+        ['_pytest._argcomplete', '_pytest._code.code', ...]
+    """
+    import os
+    import pkgutil
+
+    if isinstance(package, str):
+        path = package
+    else:
+        # Type ignored because typeshed doesn't define ModuleType.__path__
+        # (only defined on packages).
+        package_path = package.__path__
+        path, prefix = package_path[0], package.__name__ + "."
+    for _, name, is_package in pkgutil.iter_modules([path]):
+        if is_package:
+            for m in _iter_all_modules(os.path.join(path, name), prefix=name + "."):
+                yield prefix + m
+        else:
+            yield prefix + name

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/junitxml.py

@@ -0,0 +1,697 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+"""Report test results in JUnit-XML format, for use with Jenkins and build
+integration servers.
+
+Based on initial code from Ross Lawley.
+
+Output conforms to
+https://github.com/jenkinsci/xunit-plugin/blob/master/src/main/resources/org/jenkinsci/plugins/xunit/types/model/xsd/junit-10.xsd
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import timezone
+import functools
+import os
+import platform
+import re
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Match
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
+
+from _pytest import nodes
+from _pytest import timing
+from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionRepr
+from _pytest._code.code import ReprFileLocation
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import filename_arg
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureRequest
+from _pytest.reports import TestReport
+from _pytest.stash import StashKey
+from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
+import pytest
+
+
+xml_key = StashKey["LogXML"]()
+
+
+def bin_xml_escape(arg: object) -> str:
+    r"""Visually escape invalid XML characters.
+
+    For example, transforms
+        'hello\aworld\b'
+    into
+        'hello#x07world#x08'
+    Note that the #xABs are *not* XML escapes - missing the ampersand &#xAB.
+    The idea is to escape visually for the user rather than for XML itself.
+    """
+
+    def repl(matchobj: Match[str]) -> str:
+        i = ord(matchobj.group())
+        if i <= 0xFF:
+            return f"#x{i:02X}"
+        else:
+            return f"#x{i:04X}"
+
+    # The spec range of valid chars is:
+    # Char ::= #x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] | [#x10000-#x10FFFF]
+    # For an unknown(?) reason, we disallow #x7F (DEL) as well.
+    illegal_xml_re = (
+        "[^\u0009\u000a\u000d\u0020-\u007e\u0080-\ud7ff\ue000-\ufffd\u10000-\u10ffff]"
+    )
+    return re.sub(illegal_xml_re, repl, str(arg))
+
+
+def merge_family(left, right) -> None:
+    result = {}
+    for kl, vl in left.items():
+        for kr, vr in right.items():
+            if not isinstance(vl, list):
+                raise TypeError(type(vl))
+            result[kl] = vl + vr
+    left.update(result)
+
+
+families = {}
+families["_base"] = {"testcase": ["classname", "name"]}
+families["_base_legacy"] = {"testcase": ["file", "line", "url"]}
+
+# xUnit 1.x inherits legacy attributes.
+families["xunit1"] = families["_base"].copy()
+merge_family(families["xunit1"], families["_base_legacy"])
+
+# xUnit 2.x uses strict base attributes.
+families["xunit2"] = families["_base"]
+
+
+class _NodeReporter:
+    def __init__(self, nodeid: str | TestReport, xml: LogXML) -> None:
+        self.id = nodeid
+        self.xml = xml
+        self.add_stats = self.xml.add_stats
+        self.family = self.xml.family
+        self.duration = 0.0
+        self.properties: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
+        self.nodes: list[ET.Element] = []
+        self.attrs: dict[str, str] = {}
+
+    def append(self, node: ET.Element) -> None:
+        self.xml.add_stats(node.tag)
+        self.nodes.append(node)
+
+    def add_property(self, name: str, value: object) -> None:
+        self.properties.append((str(name), bin_xml_escape(value)))
+
+    def add_attribute(self, name: str, value: object) -> None:
+        self.attrs[str(name)] = bin_xml_escape(value)
+
+    def make_properties_node(self) -> ET.Element | None:
+        """Return a Junit node containing custom properties, if any."""
+        if self.properties:
+            properties = ET.Element("properties")
+            for name, value in self.properties:
+                properties.append(ET.Element("property", name=name, value=value))
+            return properties
+        return None
+
+    def record_testreport(self, testreport: TestReport) -> None:
+        names = mangle_test_address(testreport.nodeid)
+        existing_attrs = self.attrs
+        classnames = names[:-1]
+        if self.xml.prefix:
+            classnames.insert(0, self.xml.prefix)
+        attrs: dict[str, str] = {
+            "classname": ".".join(classnames),
+            "name": bin_xml_escape(names[-1]),
+            "file": testreport.location[0],
+        }
+        if testreport.location[1] is not None:
+            attrs["line"] = str(testreport.location[1])
+        if hasattr(testreport, "url"):
+            attrs["url"] = testreport.url
+        self.attrs = attrs
+        self.attrs.update(existing_attrs)  # Restore any user-defined attributes.
+
+        # Preserve legacy testcase behavior.
+        if self.family == "xunit1":
+            return
+
+        # Filter out attributes not permitted by this test family.
+        # Including custom attributes because they are not valid here.
+        temp_attrs = {}
+        for key in self.attrs:
+            if key in families[self.family]["testcase"]:
+                temp_attrs[key] = self.attrs[key]
+        self.attrs = temp_attrs
+
+    def to_xml(self) -> ET.Element:
+        testcase = ET.Element("testcase", self.attrs, time=f"{self.duration:.3f}")
+        properties = self.make_properties_node()
+        if properties is not None:
+            testcase.append(properties)
+        testcase.extend(self.nodes)
+        return testcase
+
+    def _add_simple(self, tag: str, message: str, data: str | None = None) -> None:
+        node = ET.Element(tag, message=message)
+        node.text = bin_xml_escape(data)
+        self.append(node)
+
+    def write_captured_output(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        if not self.xml.log_passing_tests and report.passed:
+            return
+
+        content_out = report.capstdout
+        content_log = report.caplog
+        content_err = report.capstderr
+        if self.xml.logging == "no":
+            return
+        content_all = ""
+        if self.xml.logging in ["log", "all"]:
+            content_all = self._prepare_content(content_log, " Captured Log ")
+        if self.xml.logging in ["system-out", "out-err", "all"]:
+            content_all += self._prepare_content(content_out, " Captured Out ")
+            self._write_content(report, content_all, "system-out")
+            content_all = ""
+        if self.xml.logging in ["system-err", "out-err", "all"]:
+            content_all += self._prepare_content(content_err, " Captured Err ")
+            self._write_content(report, content_all, "system-err")
+            content_all = ""
+        if content_all:
+            self._write_content(report, content_all, "system-out")
+
+    def _prepare_content(self, content: str, header: str) -> str:
+        return "\n".join([header.center(80, "-"), content, ""])
+
+    def _write_content(self, report: TestReport, content: str, jheader: str) -> None:
+        tag = ET.Element(jheader)
+        tag.text = bin_xml_escape(content)
+        self.append(tag)
+
+    def append_pass(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        self.add_stats("passed")
+
+    def append_failure(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        # msg = str(report.longrepr.reprtraceback.extraline)
+        if hasattr(report, "wasxfail"):
+            self._add_simple("skipped", "xfail-marked test passes unexpectedly")
+        else:
+            assert report.longrepr is not None
+            reprcrash: ReprFileLocation | None = getattr(
+                report.longrepr, "reprcrash", None
+            )
+            if reprcrash is not None:
+                message = reprcrash.message
+            else:
+                message = str(report.longrepr)
+            message = bin_xml_escape(message)
+            self._add_simple("failure", message, str(report.longrepr))
+
+    def append_collect_error(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        # msg = str(report.longrepr.reprtraceback.extraline)
+        assert report.longrepr is not None
+        self._add_simple("error", "collection failure", str(report.longrepr))
+
+    def append_collect_skipped(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        self._add_simple("skipped", "collection skipped", str(report.longrepr))
+
+    def append_error(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        assert report.longrepr is not None
+        reprcrash: ReprFileLocation | None = getattr(report.longrepr, "reprcrash", None)
+        if reprcrash is not None:
+            reason = reprcrash.message
+        else:
+            reason = str(report.longrepr)
+
+        if report.when == "teardown":
+            msg = f'failed on teardown with "{reason}"'
+        else:
+            msg = f'failed on setup with "{reason}"'
+        self._add_simple("error", bin_xml_escape(msg), str(report.longrepr))
+
+    def append_skipped(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        if hasattr(report, "wasxfail"):
+            xfailreason = report.wasxfail
+            if xfailreason.startswith("reason: "):
+                xfailreason = xfailreason[8:]
+            xfailreason = bin_xml_escape(xfailreason)
+            skipped = ET.Element("skipped", type="pytest.xfail", message=xfailreason)
+            self.append(skipped)
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(report.longrepr, tuple)
+            filename, lineno, skipreason = report.longrepr
+            if skipreason.startswith("Skipped: "):
+                skipreason = skipreason[9:]
+            details = f"{filename}:{lineno}: {skipreason}"
+
+            skipped = ET.Element(
+                "skipped", type="pytest.skip", message=bin_xml_escape(skipreason)
+            )
+            skipped.text = bin_xml_escape(details)
+            self.append(skipped)
+            self.write_captured_output(report)
+
+    def finalize(self) -> None:
+        data = self.to_xml()
+        self.__dict__.clear()
+        # Type ignored because mypy doesn't like overriding a method.
+        # Also the return value doesn't match...
+        self.to_xml = lambda: data  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+
+
+def _warn_incompatibility_with_xunit2(
+    request: FixtureRequest, fixture_name: str
+) -> None:
+    """Emit a PytestWarning about the given fixture being incompatible with newer xunit revisions."""
+    from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
+
+    xml = request.config.stash.get(xml_key, None)
+    if xml is not None and xml.family not in ("xunit1", "legacy"):
+        request.node.warn(
+            PytestWarning(
+                f"{fixture_name} is incompatible with junit_family '{xml.family}' (use 'legacy' or 'xunit1')"
+            )
+        )
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def record_property(request: FixtureRequest) -> Callable[[str, object], None]:
+    """Add extra properties to the calling test.
+
+    User properties become part of the test report and are available to the
+    configured reporters, like JUnit XML.
+
+    The fixture is callable with ``name, value``. The value is automatically
+    XML-encoded.
+
+    Example::
+
+        def test_function(record_property):
+            record_property("example_key", 1)
+    """
+    _warn_incompatibility_with_xunit2(request, "record_property")
+
+    def append_property(name: str, value: object) -> None:
+        request.node.user_properties.append((name, value))
+
+    return append_property
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def record_xml_attribute(request: FixtureRequest) -> Callable[[str, object], None]:
+    """Add extra xml attributes to the tag for the calling test.
+
+    The fixture is callable with ``name, value``. The value is
+    automatically XML-encoded.
+    """
+    from _pytest.warning_types import PytestExperimentalApiWarning
+
+    request.node.warn(
+        PytestExperimentalApiWarning("record_xml_attribute is an experimental feature")
+    )
+
+    _warn_incompatibility_with_xunit2(request, "record_xml_attribute")
+
+    # Declare noop
+    def add_attr_noop(name: str, value: object) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    attr_func = add_attr_noop
+
+    xml = request.config.stash.get(xml_key, None)
+    if xml is not None:
+        node_reporter = xml.node_reporter(request.node.nodeid)
+        attr_func = node_reporter.add_attribute
+
+    return attr_func
+
+
+def _check_record_param_type(param: str, v: str) -> None:
+    """Used by record_testsuite_property to check that the given parameter name is of the proper
+    type."""
+    __tracebackhide__ = True
+    if not isinstance(v, str):
+        msg = "{param} parameter needs to be a string, but {g} given"  # type: ignore[unreachable]
+        raise TypeError(msg.format(param=param, g=type(v).__name__))
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
+def record_testsuite_property(request: FixtureRequest) -> Callable[[str, object], None]:
+    """Record a new ``<property>`` tag as child of the root ``<testsuite>``.
+
+    This is suitable to writing global information regarding the entire test
+    suite, and is compatible with ``xunit2`` JUnit family.
+
+    This is a ``session``-scoped fixture which is called with ``(name, value)``. Example:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        def test_foo(record_testsuite_property):
+            record_testsuite_property("ARCH", "PPC")
+            record_testsuite_property("STORAGE_TYPE", "CEPH")
+
+    :param name:
+        The property name.
+    :param value:
+        The property value. Will be converted to a string.
+
+    .. warning::
+
+        Currently this fixture **does not work** with the
+        `pytest-xdist <https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest-xdist>`__ plugin. See
+        :issue:`7767` for details.
+    """
+    __tracebackhide__ = True
+
+    def record_func(name: str, value: object) -> None:
+        """No-op function in case --junit-xml was not passed in the command-line."""
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        _check_record_param_type("name", name)
+
+    xml = request.config.stash.get(xml_key, None)
+    if xml is not None:
+        record_func = xml.add_global_property
+    return record_func
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--junitxml",
+        "--junit-xml",
+        action="store",
+        dest="xmlpath",
+        metavar="path",
+        type=functools.partial(filename_arg, optname="--junitxml"),
+        default=None,
+        help="Create junit-xml style report file at given path",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--junitprefix",
+        "--junit-prefix",
+        action="store",
+        metavar="str",
+        default=None,
+        help="Prepend prefix to classnames in junit-xml output",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "junit_suite_name", "Test suite name for JUnit report", default="pytest"
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "junit_logging",
+        "Write captured log messages to JUnit report: "
+        "one of no|log|system-out|system-err|out-err|all",
+        default="no",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "junit_log_passing_tests",
+        "Capture log information for passing tests to JUnit report: ",
+        type="bool",
+        default=True,
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "junit_duration_report",
+        "Duration time to report: one of total|call",
+        default="total",
+    )  # choices=['total', 'call'])
+    parser.addini(
+        "junit_family",
+        "Emit XML for schema: one of legacy|xunit1|xunit2",
+        default="xunit2",
+    )
+
+
+def pytest_configure(config: Config) -> None:
+    xmlpath = config.option.xmlpath
+    # Prevent opening xmllog on worker nodes (xdist).
+    if xmlpath and not hasattr(config, "workerinput"):
+        junit_family = config.getini("junit_family")
+        config.stash[xml_key] = LogXML(
+            xmlpath,
+            config.option.junitprefix,
+            config.getini("junit_suite_name"),
+            config.getini("junit_logging"),
+            config.getini("junit_duration_report"),
+            junit_family,
+            config.getini("junit_log_passing_tests"),
+        )
+        config.pluginmanager.register(config.stash[xml_key])
+
+
+def pytest_unconfigure(config: Config) -> None:
+    xml = config.stash.get(xml_key, None)
+    if xml:
+        del config.stash[xml_key]
+        config.pluginmanager.unregister(xml)
+
+
+def mangle_test_address(address: str) -> list[str]:
+    path, possible_open_bracket, params = address.partition("[")
+    names = path.split("::")
+    # Convert file path to dotted path.
+    names[0] = names[0].replace(nodes.SEP, ".")
+    names[0] = re.sub(r"\.py$", "", names[0])
+    # Put any params back.
+    names[-1] += possible_open_bracket + params
+    return names
+
+
+class LogXML:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        logfile,
+        prefix: str | None,
+        suite_name: str = "pytest",
+        logging: str = "no",
+        report_duration: str = "total",
+        family="xunit1",
+        log_passing_tests: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        logfile = os.path.expanduser(os.path.expandvars(logfile))
+        self.logfile = os.path.normpath(os.path.abspath(logfile))
+        self.prefix = prefix
+        self.suite_name = suite_name
+        self.logging = logging
+        self.log_passing_tests = log_passing_tests
+        self.report_duration = report_duration
+        self.family = family
+        self.stats: dict[str, int] = dict.fromkeys(
+            ["error", "passed", "failure", "skipped"], 0
+        )
+        self.node_reporters: dict[tuple[str | TestReport, object], _NodeReporter] = {}
+        self.node_reporters_ordered: list[_NodeReporter] = []
+        self.global_properties: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
+
+        # List of reports that failed on call but teardown is pending.
+        self.open_reports: list[TestReport] = []
+        self.cnt_double_fail_tests = 0
+
+        # Replaces convenience family with real family.
+        if self.family == "legacy":
+            self.family = "xunit1"
+
+    def finalize(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        nodeid = getattr(report, "nodeid", report)
+        # Local hack to handle xdist report order.
+        workernode = getattr(report, "node", None)
+        reporter = self.node_reporters.pop((nodeid, workernode))
+
+        for propname, propvalue in report.user_properties:
+            reporter.add_property(propname, str(propvalue))
+
+        if reporter is not None:
+            reporter.finalize()
+
+    def node_reporter(self, report: TestReport | str) -> _NodeReporter:
+        nodeid: str | TestReport = getattr(report, "nodeid", report)
+        # Local hack to handle xdist report order.
+        workernode = getattr(report, "node", None)
+
+        key = nodeid, workernode
+
+        if key in self.node_reporters:
+            # TODO: breaks for --dist=each
+            return self.node_reporters[key]
+
+        reporter = _NodeReporter(nodeid, self)
+
+        self.node_reporters[key] = reporter
+        self.node_reporters_ordered.append(reporter)
+
+        return reporter
+
+    def add_stats(self, key: str) -> None:
+        if key in self.stats:
+            self.stats[key] += 1
+
+    def _opentestcase(self, report: TestReport) -> _NodeReporter:
+        reporter = self.node_reporter(report)
+        reporter.record_testreport(report)
+        return reporter
+
+    def pytest_runtest_logreport(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        """Handle a setup/call/teardown report, generating the appropriate
+        XML tags as necessary.
+
+        Note: due to plugins like xdist, this hook may be called in interlaced
+        order with reports from other nodes. For example:
+
+        Usual call order:
+            -> setup node1
+            -> call node1
+            -> teardown node1
+            -> setup node2
+            -> call node2
+            -> teardown node2
+
+        Possible call order in xdist:
+            -> setup node1
+            -> call node1
+            -> setup node2
+            -> call node2
+            -> teardown node2
+            -> teardown node1
+        """
+        close_report = None
+        if report.passed:
+            if report.when == "call":  # ignore setup/teardown
+                reporter = self._opentestcase(report)
+                reporter.append_pass(report)
+        elif report.failed:
+            if report.when == "teardown":
+                # The following vars are needed when xdist plugin is used.
+                report_wid = getattr(report, "worker_id", None)
+                report_ii = getattr(report, "item_index", None)
+                close_report = next(
+                    (
+                        rep
+                        for rep in self.open_reports
+                        if (
+                            rep.nodeid == report.nodeid
+                            and getattr(rep, "item_index", None) == report_ii
+                            and getattr(rep, "worker_id", None) == report_wid
+                        )
+                    ),
+                    None,
+                )
+                if close_report:
+                    # We need to open new testcase in case we have failure in
+                    # call and error in teardown in order to follow junit
+                    # schema.
+                    self.finalize(close_report)
+                    self.cnt_double_fail_tests += 1
+            reporter = self._opentestcase(report)
+            if report.when == "call":
+                reporter.append_failure(report)
+                self.open_reports.append(report)
+                if not self.log_passing_tests:
+                    reporter.write_captured_output(report)
+            else:
+                reporter.append_error(report)
+        elif report.skipped:
+            reporter = self._opentestcase(report)
+            reporter.append_skipped(report)
+        self.update_testcase_duration(report)
+        if report.when == "teardown":
+            reporter = self._opentestcase(report)
+            reporter.write_captured_output(report)
+
+            self.finalize(report)
+            report_wid = getattr(report, "worker_id", None)
+            report_ii = getattr(report, "item_index", None)
+            close_report = next(
+                (
+                    rep
+                    for rep in self.open_reports
+                    if (
+                        rep.nodeid == report.nodeid
+                        and getattr(rep, "item_index", None) == report_ii
+                        and getattr(rep, "worker_id", None) == report_wid
+                    )
+                ),
+                None,
+            )
+            if close_report:
+                self.open_reports.remove(close_report)
+
+    def update_testcase_duration(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        """Accumulate total duration for nodeid from given report and update
+        the Junit.testcase with the new total if already created."""
+        if self.report_duration in {"total", report.when}:
+            reporter = self.node_reporter(report)
+            reporter.duration += getattr(report, "duration", 0.0)
+
+    def pytest_collectreport(self, report: TestReport) -> None:
+        if not report.passed:
+            reporter = self._opentestcase(report)
+            if report.failed:
+                reporter.append_collect_error(report)
+            else:
+                reporter.append_collect_skipped(report)
+
+    def pytest_internalerror(self, excrepr: ExceptionRepr) -> None:
+        reporter = self.node_reporter("internal")
+        reporter.attrs.update(classname="pytest", name="internal")
+        reporter._add_simple("error", "internal error", str(excrepr))
+
+    def pytest_sessionstart(self) -> None:
+        self.suite_start_time = timing.time()
+
+    def pytest_sessionfinish(self) -> None:
+        dirname = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(self.logfile))
+        # exist_ok avoids filesystem race conditions between checking path existence and requesting creation
+        os.makedirs(dirname, exist_ok=True)
+
+        with open(self.logfile, "w", encoding="utf-8") as logfile:
+            suite_stop_time = timing.time()
+            suite_time_delta = suite_stop_time - self.suite_start_time
+
+            numtests = (
+                self.stats["passed"]
+                + self.stats["failure"]
+                + self.stats["skipped"]
+                + self.stats["error"]
+                - self.cnt_double_fail_tests
+            )
+            logfile.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>')
+
+            suite_node = ET.Element(
+                "testsuite",
+                name=self.suite_name,
+                errors=str(self.stats["error"]),
+                failures=str(self.stats["failure"]),
+                skipped=str(self.stats["skipped"]),
+                tests=str(numtests),
+                time=f"{suite_time_delta:.3f}",
+                timestamp=datetime.fromtimestamp(self.suite_start_time, timezone.utc)
+                .astimezone()
+                .isoformat(),
+                hostname=platform.node(),
+            )
+            global_properties = self._get_global_properties_node()
+            if global_properties is not None:
+                suite_node.append(global_properties)
+            for node_reporter in self.node_reporters_ordered:
+                suite_node.append(node_reporter.to_xml())
+            testsuites = ET.Element("testsuites")
+            testsuites.append(suite_node)
+            logfile.write(ET.tostring(testsuites, encoding="unicode"))
+
+    def pytest_terminal_summary(self, terminalreporter: TerminalReporter) -> None:
+        terminalreporter.write_sep("-", f"generated xml file: {self.logfile}")
+
+    def add_global_property(self, name: str, value: object) -> None:
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        _check_record_param_type("name", name)
+        self.global_properties.append((name, bin_xml_escape(value)))
+
+    def _get_global_properties_node(self) -> ET.Element | None:
+        """Return a Junit node containing custom properties, if any."""
+        if self.global_properties:
+            properties = ET.Element("properties")
+            for name, value in self.global_properties:
+                properties.append(ET.Element("property", name=name, value=value))
+            return properties
+        return None

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1072 @@
+"""Core implementation of the testing process: init, session, runtest loop."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import argparse
+import dataclasses
+import fnmatch
+import functools
+import importlib
+import importlib.util
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import sys
+from typing import AbstractSet
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Dict
+from typing import final
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import Literal
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+import warnings
+
+import pluggy
+
+from _pytest import nodes
+import _pytest._code
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import directory_arg
+from _pytest.config import ExitCode
+from _pytest.config import hookimpl
+from _pytest.config import PytestPluginManager
+from _pytest.config import UsageError
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.config.compat import PathAwareHookProxy
+from _pytest.outcomes import exit
+from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
+from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
+from _pytest.pathlib import safe_exists
+from _pytest.pathlib import scandir
+from _pytest.reports import CollectReport
+from _pytest.reports import TestReport
+from _pytest.runner import collect_one_node
+from _pytest.runner import SetupState
+from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from typing_extensions import Self
+
+    from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureManager
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    parser.addini(
+        "norecursedirs",
+        "Directory patterns to avoid for recursion",
+        type="args",
+        default=[
+            "*.egg",
+            ".*",
+            "_darcs",
+            "build",
+            "CVS",
+            "dist",
+            "node_modules",
+            "venv",
+            "{arch}",
+        ],
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "testpaths",
+        "Directories to search for tests when no files or directories are given on the "
+        "command line",
+        type="args",
+        default=[],
+    )
+    group = parser.getgroup("general", "Running and selection options")
+    group._addoption(
+        "-x",
+        "--exitfirst",
+        action="store_const",
+        dest="maxfail",
+        const=1,
+        help="Exit instantly on first error or failed test",
+    )
+    group = parser.getgroup("pytest-warnings")
+    group.addoption(
+        "-W",
+        "--pythonwarnings",
+        action="append",
+        help="Set which warnings to report, see -W option of Python itself",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "filterwarnings",
+        type="linelist",
+        help="Each line specifies a pattern for "
+        "warnings.filterwarnings. "
+        "Processed after -W/--pythonwarnings.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--maxfail",
+        metavar="num",
+        action="store",
+        type=int,
+        dest="maxfail",
+        default=0,
+        help="Exit after first num failures or errors",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--strict-config",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Any warnings encountered while parsing the `pytest` section of the "
+        "configuration file raise errors",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--strict-markers",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Markers not registered in the `markers` section of the configuration "
+        "file raise errors",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--strict",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="(Deprecated) alias to --strict-markers",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "-c",
+        "--config-file",
+        metavar="FILE",
+        type=str,
+        dest="inifilename",
+        help="Load configuration from `FILE` instead of trying to locate one of the "
+        "implicit configuration files.",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--continue-on-collection-errors",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=False,
+        dest="continue_on_collection_errors",
+        help="Force test execution even if collection errors occur",
+    )
+    group._addoption(
+        "--rootdir",
+        action="store",
+        dest="rootdir",
+        help="Define root directory for tests. Can be relative path: 'root_dir', './root_dir', "
+        "'root_dir/another_dir/'; absolute path: '/home/user/root_dir'; path with variables: "
+        "'$HOME/root_dir'.",
+    )
+
+    group = parser.getgroup("collect", "collection")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--collectonly",
+        "--collect-only",
+        "--co",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Only collect tests, don't execute them",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--pyargs",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="Try to interpret all arguments as Python packages",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--ignore",
+        action="append",
+        metavar="path",
+        help="Ignore path during collection (multi-allowed)",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--ignore-glob",
+        action="append",
+        metavar="path",
+        help="Ignore path pattern during collection (multi-allowed)",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--deselect",
+        action="append",
+        metavar="nodeid_prefix",
+        help="Deselect item (via node id prefix) during collection (multi-allowed)",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--confcutdir",
+        dest="confcutdir",
+        default=None,
+        metavar="dir",
+        type=functools.partial(directory_arg, optname="--confcutdir"),
+        help="Only load conftest.py's relative to specified dir",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--noconftest",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="noconftest",
+        default=False,
+        help="Don't load any conftest.py files",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--keepduplicates",
+        "--keep-duplicates",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="keepduplicates",
+        default=False,
+        help="Keep duplicate tests",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--collect-in-virtualenv",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="collect_in_virtualenv",
+        default=False,
+        help="Don't ignore tests in a local virtualenv directory",
+    )
+    group.addoption(
+        "--import-mode",
+        default="prepend",
+        choices=["prepend", "append", "importlib"],
+        dest="importmode",
+        help="Prepend/append to sys.path when importing test modules and conftest "
+        "files. Default: prepend.",
+    )
+    parser.addini(
+        "consider_namespace_packages",
+        type="bool",
+        default=False,
+        help="Consider namespace packages when resolving module names during import",
+    )
+
+    group = parser.getgroup("debugconfig", "test session debugging and configuration")
+    group.addoption(
+        "--basetemp",
+        dest="basetemp",
+        default=None,
+        type=validate_basetemp,
+        metavar="dir",
+        help=(
+            "Base temporary directory for this test run. "
+            "(Warning: this directory is removed if it exists.)"
+        ),
+    )
+
+
+def validate_basetemp(path: str) -> str:
+    # GH 7119
+    msg = "basetemp must not be empty, the current working directory or any parent directory of it"
+
+    # empty path
+    if not path:
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(msg)
+
+    def is_ancestor(base: Path, query: Path) -> bool:
+        """Return whether query is an ancestor of base."""
+        if base == query:
+            return True
+        return query in base.parents
+
+    # check if path is an ancestor of cwd
+    if is_ancestor(Path.cwd(), Path(path).absolute()):
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(msg)
+
+    # check symlinks for ancestors
+    if is_ancestor(Path.cwd().resolve(), Path(path).resolve()):
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(msg)
+
+    return path
+
+
+def wrap_session(
+    config: Config, doit: Callable[[Config, Session], int | ExitCode | None]
+) -> int | ExitCode:
+    """Skeleton command line program."""
+    session = Session.from_config(config)
+    session.exitstatus = ExitCode.OK
+    initstate = 0
+    try:
+        try:
+            config._do_configure()
+            initstate = 1
+            config.hook.pytest_sessionstart(session=session)
+            initstate = 2
+            session.exitstatus = doit(config, session) or 0
+        except UsageError:
+            session.exitstatus = ExitCode.USAGE_ERROR
+            raise
+        except Failed:
+            session.exitstatus = ExitCode.TESTS_FAILED
+        except (KeyboardInterrupt, exit.Exception):
+            excinfo = _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo.from_current()
+            exitstatus: int | ExitCode = ExitCode.INTERRUPTED
+            if isinstance(excinfo.value, exit.Exception):
+                if excinfo.value.returncode is not None:
+                    exitstatus = excinfo.value.returncode
+                if initstate < 2:
+                    sys.stderr.write(f"{excinfo.typename}: {excinfo.value.msg}\n")
+            config.hook.pytest_keyboard_interrupt(excinfo=excinfo)
+            session.exitstatus = exitstatus
+        except BaseException:
+            session.exitstatus = ExitCode.INTERNAL_ERROR
+            excinfo = _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo.from_current()
+            try:
+                config.notify_exception(excinfo, config.option)
+            except exit.Exception as exc:
+                if exc.returncode is not None:
+                    session.exitstatus = exc.returncode
+                sys.stderr.write(f"{type(exc).__name__}: {exc}\n")
+            else:
+                if isinstance(excinfo.value, SystemExit):
+                    sys.stderr.write("mainloop: caught unexpected SystemExit!\n")
+
+    finally:
+        # Explicitly break reference cycle.
+        excinfo = None  # type: ignore
+        os.chdir(session.startpath)
+        if initstate >= 2:
+            try:
+                config.hook.pytest_sessionfinish(
+                    session=session, exitstatus=session.exitstatus
+                )
+            except exit.Exception as exc:
+                if exc.returncode is not None:
+                    session.exitstatus = exc.returncode
+                sys.stderr.write(f"{type(exc).__name__}: {exc}\n")
+        config._ensure_unconfigure()
+    return session.exitstatus
+
+
+def pytest_cmdline_main(config: Config) -> int | ExitCode:
+    return wrap_session(config, _main)
+
+
+def _main(config: Config, session: Session) -> int | ExitCode | None:
+    """Default command line protocol for initialization, session,
+    running tests and reporting."""
+    config.hook.pytest_collection(session=session)
+    config.hook.pytest_runtestloop(session=session)
+
+    if session.testsfailed:
+        return ExitCode.TESTS_FAILED
+    elif session.testscollected == 0:
+        return ExitCode.NO_TESTS_COLLECTED
+    return None
+
+
+def pytest_collection(session: Session) -> None:
+    session.perform_collect()
+
+
+def pytest_runtestloop(session: Session) -> bool:
+    if session.testsfailed and not session.config.option.continue_on_collection_errors:
+        raise session.Interrupted(
+            "%d error%s during collection"
+            % (session.testsfailed, "s" if session.testsfailed != 1 else "")
+        )
+
+    if session.config.option.collectonly:
+        return True
+
+    for i, item in enumerate(session.items):
+        nextitem = session.items[i + 1] if i + 1 < len(session.items) else None
+        item.config.hook.pytest_runtest_protocol(item=item, nextitem=nextitem)
+        if session.shouldfail:
+            raise session.Failed(session.shouldfail)
+        if session.shouldstop:
+            raise session.Interrupted(session.shouldstop)
+    return True
+
+
+def _in_venv(path: Path) -> bool:
+    """Attempt to detect if ``path`` is the root of a Virtual Environment by
+    checking for the existence of the pyvenv.cfg file.
+
+    [https://peps.python.org/pep-0405/]
+
+    For regression protection we also check for conda environments that do not include pyenv.cfg yet --
+    https://github.com/conda/conda/issues/13337 is the conda issue tracking adding pyenv.cfg.
+
+    Checking for the `conda-meta/history` file per https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/12652#issuecomment-2246336902.
+
+    """
+    try:
+        return (
+            path.joinpath("pyvenv.cfg").is_file()
+            or path.joinpath("conda-meta", "history").is_file()
+        )
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+def pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path: Path, config: Config) -> bool | None:
+    if collection_path.name == "__pycache__":
+        return True
+
+    ignore_paths = config._getconftest_pathlist(
+        "collect_ignore", path=collection_path.parent
+    )
+    ignore_paths = ignore_paths or []
+    excludeopt = config.getoption("ignore")
+    if excludeopt:
+        ignore_paths.extend(absolutepath(x) for x in excludeopt)
+
+    if collection_path in ignore_paths:
+        return True
+
+    ignore_globs = config._getconftest_pathlist(
+        "collect_ignore_glob", path=collection_path.parent
+    )
+    ignore_globs = ignore_globs or []
+    excludeglobopt = config.getoption("ignore_glob")
+    if excludeglobopt:
+        ignore_globs.extend(absolutepath(x) for x in excludeglobopt)
+
+    if any(fnmatch.fnmatch(str(collection_path), str(glob)) for glob in ignore_globs):
+        return True
+
+    allow_in_venv = config.getoption("collect_in_virtualenv")
+    if not allow_in_venv and _in_venv(collection_path):
+        return True
+
+    if collection_path.is_dir():
+        norecursepatterns = config.getini("norecursedirs")
+        if any(fnmatch_ex(pat, collection_path) for pat in norecursepatterns):
+            return True
+
+    return None
+
+
+def pytest_collect_directory(
+    path: Path, parent: nodes.Collector
+) -> nodes.Collector | None:
+    return Dir.from_parent(parent, path=path)
+
+
+def pytest_collection_modifyitems(items: list[nodes.Item], config: Config) -> None:
+    deselect_prefixes = tuple(config.getoption("deselect") or [])
+    if not deselect_prefixes:
+        return
+
+    remaining = []
+    deselected = []
+    for colitem in items:
+        if colitem.nodeid.startswith(deselect_prefixes):
+            deselected.append(colitem)
+        else:
+            remaining.append(colitem)
+
+    if deselected:
+        config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=deselected)
+        items[:] = remaining
+
+
+class FSHookProxy:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pm: PytestPluginManager,
+        remove_mods: AbstractSet[object],
+    ) -> None:
+        self.pm = pm
+        self.remove_mods = remove_mods
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> pluggy.HookCaller:
+        x = self.pm.subset_hook_caller(name, remove_plugins=self.remove_mods)
+        self.__dict__[name] = x
+        return x
+
+
+class Interrupted(KeyboardInterrupt):
+    """Signals that the test run was interrupted."""
+
+    __module__ = "builtins"  # For py3.
+
+
+class Failed(Exception):
+    """Signals a stop as failed test run."""
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class _bestrelpath_cache(Dict[Path, str]):
+    __slots__ = ("path",)
+
+    path: Path
+
+    def __missing__(self, path: Path) -> str:
+        r = bestrelpath(self.path, path)
+        self[path] = r
+        return r
+
+
+@final
+class Dir(nodes.Directory):
+    """Collector of files in a file system directory.
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.0
+
+    .. note::
+
+        Python directories with an `__init__.py` file are instead collected by
+        :class:`~pytest.Package` by default. Both are :class:`~pytest.Directory`
+        collectors.
+    """
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_parent(  # type: ignore[override]
+        cls,
+        parent: nodes.Collector,
+        *,
+        path: Path,
+    ) -> Self:
+        """The public constructor.
+
+        :param parent: The parent collector of this Dir.
+        :param path: The directory's path.
+        :type path: pathlib.Path
+        """
+        return super().from_parent(parent=parent, path=path)
+
+    def collect(self) -> Iterable[nodes.Item | nodes.Collector]:
+        config = self.config
+        col: nodes.Collector | None
+        cols: Sequence[nodes.Collector]
+        ihook = self.ihook
+        for direntry in scandir(self.path):
+            if direntry.is_dir():
+                path = Path(direntry.path)
+                if not self.session.isinitpath(path, with_parents=True):
+                    if ihook.pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path=path, config=config):
+                        continue
+                col = ihook.pytest_collect_directory(path=path, parent=self)
+                if col is not None:
+                    yield col
+
+            elif direntry.is_file():
+                path = Path(direntry.path)
+                if not self.session.isinitpath(path):
+                    if ihook.pytest_ignore_collect(collection_path=path, config=config):
+                        continue
+                cols = ihook.pytest_collect_file(file_path=path, parent=self)
+                yield from cols
+
+
+@final
+class Session(nodes.Collector):
+    """The root of the collection tree.
+
+    ``Session`` collects the initial paths given as arguments to pytest.
+    """
+
+    Interrupted = Interrupted
+    Failed = Failed
+    # Set on the session by runner.pytest_sessionstart.
+    _setupstate: SetupState
+    # Set on the session by fixtures.pytest_sessionstart.
+    _fixturemanager: FixtureManager
+    exitstatus: int | ExitCode
+
+    def __init__(self, config: Config) -> None:
+        super().__init__(
+            name="",
+            path=config.rootpath,
+            fspath=None,
+            parent=None,
+            config=config,
+            session=self,
+            nodeid="",
+        )
+        self.testsfailed = 0
+        self.testscollected = 0
+        self._shouldstop: bool | str = False
+        self._shouldfail: bool | str = False
+        self.trace = config.trace.root.get("collection")
+        self._initialpaths: frozenset[Path] = frozenset()
+        self._initialpaths_with_parents: frozenset[Path] = frozenset()
+        self._notfound: list[tuple[str, Sequence[nodes.Collector]]] = []
+        self._initial_parts: list[CollectionArgument] = []
+        self._collection_cache: dict[nodes.Collector, CollectReport] = {}
+        self.items: list[nodes.Item] = []
+
+        self._bestrelpathcache: dict[Path, str] = _bestrelpath_cache(config.rootpath)
+
+        self.config.pluginmanager.register(self, name="session")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_config(cls, config: Config) -> Session:
+        session: Session = cls._create(config=config)
+        return session
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<%s %s exitstatus=%r testsfailed=%d testscollected=%d>" % (
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            self.name,
+            getattr(self, "exitstatus", "<UNSET>"),
+            self.testsfailed,
+            self.testscollected,
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def shouldstop(self) -> bool | str:
+        return self._shouldstop
+
+    @shouldstop.setter
+    def shouldstop(self, value: bool | str) -> None:
+        # The runner checks shouldfail and assumes that if it is set we are
+        # definitely stopping, so prevent unsetting it.
+        if value is False and self._shouldstop:
+            warnings.warn(
+                PytestWarning(
+                    "session.shouldstop cannot be unset after it has been set; ignoring."
+                ),
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            return
+        self._shouldstop = value
+
+    @property
+    def shouldfail(self) -> bool | str:
+        return self._shouldfail
+
+    @shouldfail.setter
+    def shouldfail(self, value: bool | str) -> None:
+        # The runner checks shouldfail and assumes that if it is set we are
+        # definitely stopping, so prevent unsetting it.
+        if value is False and self._shouldfail:
+            warnings.warn(
+                PytestWarning(
+                    "session.shouldfail cannot be unset after it has been set; ignoring."
+                ),
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            return
+        self._shouldfail = value
+
+    @property
+    def startpath(self) -> Path:
+        """The path from which pytest was invoked.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 7.0.0
+        """
+        return self.config.invocation_params.dir
+
+    def _node_location_to_relpath(self, node_path: Path) -> str:
+        # bestrelpath is a quite slow function.
+        return self._bestrelpathcache[node_path]
+
+    @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+    def pytest_collectstart(self) -> None:
+        if self.shouldfail:
+            raise self.Failed(self.shouldfail)
+        if self.shouldstop:
+            raise self.Interrupted(self.shouldstop)
+
+    @hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_logreport(self, report: TestReport | CollectReport) -> None:
+        if report.failed and not hasattr(report, "wasxfail"):
+            self.testsfailed += 1
+            maxfail = self.config.getvalue("maxfail")
+            if maxfail and self.testsfailed >= maxfail:
+                self.shouldfail = "stopping after %d failures" % (self.testsfailed)
+
+    pytest_collectreport = pytest_runtest_logreport
+
+    def isinitpath(
+        self,
+        path: str | os.PathLike[str],
+        *,
+        with_parents: bool = False,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Is path an initial path?
+
+        An initial path is a path explicitly given to pytest on the command
+        line.
+
+        :param with_parents:
+            If set, also return True if the path is a parent of an initial path.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 8.0
+            Added the ``with_parents`` parameter.
+        """
+        # Optimization: Path(Path(...)) is much slower than isinstance.
+        path_ = path if isinstance(path, Path) else Path(path)
+        if with_parents:
+            return path_ in self._initialpaths_with_parents
+        else:
+            return path_ in self._initialpaths
+
+    def gethookproxy(self, fspath: os.PathLike[str]) -> pluggy.HookRelay:
+        # Optimization: Path(Path(...)) is much slower than isinstance.
+        path = fspath if isinstance(fspath, Path) else Path(fspath)
+        pm = self.config.pluginmanager
+        # Check if we have the common case of running
+        # hooks with all conftest.py files.
+        my_conftestmodules = pm._getconftestmodules(path)
+        remove_mods = pm._conftest_plugins.difference(my_conftestmodules)
+        proxy: pluggy.HookRelay
+        if remove_mods:
+            # One or more conftests are not in use at this path.
+            proxy = PathAwareHookProxy(FSHookProxy(pm, remove_mods))  # type: ignore[arg-type,assignment]
+        else:
+            # All plugins are active for this fspath.
+            proxy = self.config.hook
+        return proxy
+
+    def _collect_path(
+        self,
+        path: Path,
+        path_cache: dict[Path, Sequence[nodes.Collector]],
+    ) -> Sequence[nodes.Collector]:
+        """Create a Collector for the given path.
+
+        `path_cache` makes it so the same Collectors are returned for the same
+        path.
+        """
+        if path in path_cache:
+            return path_cache[path]
+
+        if path.is_dir():
+            ihook = self.gethookproxy(path.parent)
+            col: nodes.Collector | None = ihook.pytest_collect_directory(
+                path=path, parent=self
+            )
+            cols: Sequence[nodes.Collector] = (col,) if col is not None else ()
+
+        elif path.is_file():
+            ihook = self.gethookproxy(path)
+            cols = ihook.pytest_collect_file(file_path=path, parent=self)
+
+        else:
+            # Broken symlink or invalid/missing file.
+            cols = ()
+
+        path_cache[path] = cols
+        return cols
+
+    @overload
+    def perform_collect(
+        self, args: Sequence[str] | None = ..., genitems: Literal[True] = ...
+    ) -> Sequence[nodes.Item]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def perform_collect(
+        self, args: Sequence[str] | None = ..., genitems: bool = ...
+    ) -> Sequence[nodes.Item | nodes.Collector]: ...
+
+    def perform_collect(
+        self, args: Sequence[str] | None = None, genitems: bool = True
+    ) -> Sequence[nodes.Item | nodes.Collector]:
+        """Perform the collection phase for this session.
+
+        This is called by the default :hook:`pytest_collection` hook
+        implementation; see the documentation of this hook for more details.
+        For testing purposes, it may also be called directly on a fresh
+        ``Session``.
+
+        This function normally recursively expands any collectors collected
+        from the session to their items, and only items are returned. For
+        testing purposes, this may be suppressed by passing ``genitems=False``,
+        in which case the return value contains these collectors unexpanded,
+        and ``session.items`` is empty.
+        """
+        if args is None:
+            args = self.config.args
+
+        self.trace("perform_collect", self, args)
+        self.trace.root.indent += 1
+
+        hook = self.config.hook
+
+        self._notfound = []
+        self._initial_parts = []
+        self._collection_cache = {}
+        self.items = []
+        items: Sequence[nodes.Item | nodes.Collector] = self.items
+        try:
+            initialpaths: list[Path] = []
+            initialpaths_with_parents: list[Path] = []
+            for arg in args:
+                collection_argument = resolve_collection_argument(
+                    self.config.invocation_params.dir,
+                    arg,
+                    as_pypath=self.config.option.pyargs,
+                )
+                self._initial_parts.append(collection_argument)
+                initialpaths.append(collection_argument.path)
+                initialpaths_with_parents.append(collection_argument.path)
+                initialpaths_with_parents.extend(collection_argument.path.parents)
+            self._initialpaths = frozenset(initialpaths)
+            self._initialpaths_with_parents = frozenset(initialpaths_with_parents)
+
+            rep = collect_one_node(self)
+            self.ihook.pytest_collectreport(report=rep)
+            self.trace.root.indent -= 1
+            if self._notfound:
+                errors = []
+                for arg, collectors in self._notfound:
+                    if collectors:
+                        errors.append(
+                            f"not found: {arg}\n(no match in any of {collectors!r})"
+                        )
+                    else:
+                        errors.append(f"found no collectors for {arg}")
+
+                raise UsageError(*errors)
+
+            if not genitems:
+                items = rep.result
+            else:
+                if rep.passed:
+                    for node in rep.result:
+                        self.items.extend(self.genitems(node))
+
+            self.config.pluginmanager.check_pending()
+            hook.pytest_collection_modifyitems(
+                session=self, config=self.config, items=items
+            )
+        finally:
+            self._notfound = []
+            self._initial_parts = []
+            self._collection_cache = {}
+            hook.pytest_collection_finish(session=self)
+
+        if genitems:
+            self.testscollected = len(items)
+
+        return items
+
+    def _collect_one_node(
+        self,
+        node: nodes.Collector,
+        handle_dupes: bool = True,
+    ) -> tuple[CollectReport, bool]:
+        if node in self._collection_cache and handle_dupes:
+            rep = self._collection_cache[node]
+            return rep, True
+        else:
+            rep = collect_one_node(node)
+            self._collection_cache[node] = rep
+            return rep, False
+
+    def collect(self) -> Iterator[nodes.Item | nodes.Collector]:
+        # This is a cache for the root directories of the initial paths.
+        # We can't use collection_cache for Session because of its special
+        # role as the bootstrapping collector.
+        path_cache: dict[Path, Sequence[nodes.Collector]] = {}
+
+        pm = self.config.pluginmanager
+
+        for collection_argument in self._initial_parts:
+            self.trace("processing argument", collection_argument)
+            self.trace.root.indent += 1
+
+            argpath = collection_argument.path
+            names = collection_argument.parts
+            module_name = collection_argument.module_name
+
+            # resolve_collection_argument() ensures this.
+            if argpath.is_dir():
+                assert not names, f"invalid arg {(argpath, names)!r}"
+
+            paths = [argpath]
+            # Add relevant parents of the path, from the root, e.g.
+            #   /a/b/c.py -> [/, /a, /a/b, /a/b/c.py]
+            if module_name is None:
+                # Paths outside of the confcutdir should not be considered.
+                for path in argpath.parents:
+                    if not pm._is_in_confcutdir(path):
+                        break
+                    paths.insert(0, path)
+            else:
+                # For --pyargs arguments, only consider paths matching the module
+                # name. Paths beyond the package hierarchy are not included.
+                module_name_parts = module_name.split(".")
+                for i, path in enumerate(argpath.parents, 2):
+                    if i > len(module_name_parts) or path.stem != module_name_parts[-i]:
+                        break
+                    paths.insert(0, path)
+
+            # Start going over the parts from the root, collecting each level
+            # and discarding all nodes which don't match the level's part.
+            any_matched_in_initial_part = False
+            notfound_collectors = []
+            work: list[tuple[nodes.Collector | nodes.Item, list[Path | str]]] = [
+                (self, [*paths, *names])
+            ]
+            while work:
+                matchnode, matchparts = work.pop()
+
+                # Pop'd all of the parts, this is a match.
+                if not matchparts:
+                    yield matchnode
+                    any_matched_in_initial_part = True
+                    continue
+
+                # Should have been matched by now, discard.
+                if not isinstance(matchnode, nodes.Collector):
+                    continue
+
+                # Collect this level of matching.
+                # Collecting Session (self) is done directly to avoid endless
+                # recursion to this function.
+                subnodes: Sequence[nodes.Collector | nodes.Item]
+                if isinstance(matchnode, Session):
+                    assert isinstance(matchparts[0], Path)
+                    subnodes = matchnode._collect_path(matchparts[0], path_cache)
+                else:
+                    # For backward compat, files given directly multiple
+                    # times on the command line should not be deduplicated.
+                    handle_dupes = not (
+                        len(matchparts) == 1
+                        and isinstance(matchparts[0], Path)
+                        and matchparts[0].is_file()
+                    )
+                    rep, duplicate = self._collect_one_node(matchnode, handle_dupes)
+                    if not duplicate and not rep.passed:
+                        # Report collection failures here to avoid failing to
+                        # run some test specified in the command line because
+                        # the module could not be imported (#134).
+                        matchnode.ihook.pytest_collectreport(report=rep)
+                    if not rep.passed:
+                        continue
+                    subnodes = rep.result
+
+                # Prune this level.
+                any_matched_in_collector = False
+                for node in reversed(subnodes):
+                    # Path part e.g. `/a/b/` in `/a/b/test_file.py::TestIt::test_it`.
+                    if isinstance(matchparts[0], Path):
+                        is_match = node.path == matchparts[0]
+                        if sys.platform == "win32" and not is_match:
+                            # In case the file paths do not match, fallback to samefile() to
+                            # account for short-paths on Windows (#11895).
+                            same_file = os.path.samefile(node.path, matchparts[0])
+                            # We don't want to match links to the current node,
+                            # otherwise we would match the same file more than once (#12039).
+                            is_match = same_file and (
+                                os.path.islink(node.path)
+                                == os.path.islink(matchparts[0])
+                            )
+
+                    # Name part e.g. `TestIt` in `/a/b/test_file.py::TestIt::test_it`.
+                    else:
+                        # TODO: Remove parametrized workaround once collection structure contains
+                        # parametrization.
+                        is_match = (
+                            node.name == matchparts[0]
+                            or node.name.split("[")[0] == matchparts[0]
+                        )
+                    if is_match:
+                        work.append((node, matchparts[1:]))
+                        any_matched_in_collector = True
+
+                if not any_matched_in_collector:
+                    notfound_collectors.append(matchnode)
+
+            if not any_matched_in_initial_part:
+                report_arg = "::".join((str(argpath), *names))
+                self._notfound.append((report_arg, notfound_collectors))
+
+            self.trace.root.indent -= 1
+
+    def genitems(self, node: nodes.Item | nodes.Collector) -> Iterator[nodes.Item]:
+        self.trace("genitems", node)
+        if isinstance(node, nodes.Item):
+            node.ihook.pytest_itemcollected(item=node)
+            yield node
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(node, nodes.Collector)
+            keepduplicates = self.config.getoption("keepduplicates")
+            # For backward compat, dedup only applies to files.
+            handle_dupes = not (keepduplicates and isinstance(node, nodes.File))
+            rep, duplicate = self._collect_one_node(node, handle_dupes)
+            if duplicate and not keepduplicates:
+                return
+            if rep.passed:
+                for subnode in rep.result:
+                    yield from self.genitems(subnode)
+            if not duplicate:
+                node.ihook.pytest_collectreport(report=rep)
+
+
+def search_pypath(module_name: str) -> str | None:
+    """Search sys.path for the given a dotted module name, and return its file
+    system path if found."""
+    try:
+        spec = importlib.util.find_spec(module_name)
+    # AttributeError: looks like package module, but actually filename
+    # ImportError: module does not exist
+    # ValueError: not a module name
+    except (AttributeError, ImportError, ValueError):
+        return None
+    if spec is None or spec.origin is None or spec.origin == "namespace":
+        return None
+    elif spec.submodule_search_locations:
+        return os.path.dirname(spec.origin)
+    else:
+        return spec.origin
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class CollectionArgument:
+    """A resolved collection argument."""
+
+    path: Path
+    parts: Sequence[str]
+    module_name: str | None
+
+
+def resolve_collection_argument(
+    invocation_path: Path, arg: str, *, as_pypath: bool = False
+) -> CollectionArgument:
+    """Parse path arguments optionally containing selection parts and return (fspath, names).
+
+    Command-line arguments can point to files and/or directories, and optionally contain
+    parts for specific tests selection, for example:
+
+        "pkg/tests/test_foo.py::TestClass::test_foo"
+
+    This function ensures the path exists, and returns a resolved `CollectionArgument`:
+
+        CollectionArgument(
+            path=Path("/full/path/to/pkg/tests/test_foo.py"),
+            parts=["TestClass", "test_foo"],
+            module_name=None,
+        )
+
+    When as_pypath is True, expects that the command-line argument actually contains
+    module paths instead of file-system paths:
+
+        "pkg.tests.test_foo::TestClass::test_foo"
+
+    In which case we search sys.path for a matching module, and then return the *path* to the
+    found module, which may look like this:
+
+        CollectionArgument(
+            path=Path("/home/u/myvenv/lib/site-packages/pkg/tests/test_foo.py"),
+            parts=["TestClass", "test_foo"],
+            module_name="pkg.tests.test_foo",
+        )
+
+    If the path doesn't exist, raise UsageError.
+    If the path is a directory and selection parts are present, raise UsageError.
+    """
+    base, squacket, rest = str(arg).partition("[")
+    strpath, *parts = base.split("::")
+    if parts:
+        parts[-1] = f"{parts[-1]}{squacket}{rest}"
+    module_name = None
+    if as_pypath:
+        pyarg_strpath = search_pypath(strpath)
+        if pyarg_strpath is not None:
+            module_name = strpath
+            strpath = pyarg_strpath
+    fspath = invocation_path / strpath
+    fspath = absolutepath(fspath)
+    if not safe_exists(fspath):
+        msg = (
+            "module or package not found: {arg} (missing __init__.py?)"
+            if as_pypath
+            else "file or directory not found: {arg}"
+        )
+        raise UsageError(msg.format(arg=arg))
+    if parts and fspath.is_dir():
+        msg = (
+            "package argument cannot contain :: selection parts: {arg}"
+            if as_pypath
+            else "directory argument cannot contain :: selection parts: {arg}"
+        )
+        raise UsageError(msg.format(arg=arg))
+    return CollectionArgument(
+        path=fspath,
+        parts=parts,
+        module_name=module_name,
+    )

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/mark/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+"""Generic mechanism for marking and selecting python functions."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import collections
+import dataclasses
+from typing import AbstractSet
+from typing import Collection
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+
+from .expression import Expression
+from .expression import ParseError
+from .structures import EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION
+from .structures import get_empty_parameterset_mark
+from .structures import Mark
+from .structures import MARK_GEN
+from .structures import MarkDecorator
+from .structures import MarkGenerator
+from .structures import ParameterSet
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import ExitCode
+from _pytest.config import hookimpl
+from _pytest.config import UsageError
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import NOT_SET
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.stash import StashKey
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from _pytest.nodes import Item
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "MARK_GEN",
+    "Mark",
+    "MarkDecorator",
+    "MarkGenerator",
+    "ParameterSet",
+    "get_empty_parameterset_mark",
+]
+
+
+old_mark_config_key = StashKey[Optional[Config]]()
+
+
+def param(
+    *values: object,
+    marks: MarkDecorator | Collection[MarkDecorator | Mark] = (),
+    id: str | None = None,
+) -> ParameterSet:
+    """Specify a parameter in `pytest.mark.parametrize`_ calls or
+    :ref:`parametrized fixtures <fixture-parametrize-marks>`.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        @pytest.mark.parametrize(
+            "test_input,expected",
+            [
+                ("3+5", 8),
+                pytest.param("6*9", 42, marks=pytest.mark.xfail),
+            ],
+        )
+        def test_eval(test_input, expected):
+            assert eval(test_input) == expected
+
+    :param values: Variable args of the values of the parameter set, in order.
+    :param marks: A single mark or a list of marks to be applied to this parameter set.
+    :param id: The id to attribute to this parameter set.
+    """
+    return ParameterSet.param(*values, marks=marks, id=id)
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    group = parser.getgroup("general")
+    group._addoption(
+        "-k",
+        action="store",
+        dest="keyword",
+        default="",
+        metavar="EXPRESSION",
+        help="Only run tests which match the given substring expression. "
+        "An expression is a Python evaluable expression "
+        "where all names are substring-matched against test names "
+        "and their parent classes. Example: -k 'test_method or test_"
+        "other' matches all test functions and classes whose name "
+        "contains 'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not test_method' "
+        "matches those that don't contain 'test_method' in their names. "
+        "-k 'not test_method and not test_other' will eliminate the matches. "
+        "Additionally keywords are matched to classes and functions "
+        "containing extra names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, "
+        "as well as functions which have names assigned directly to them. "
+        "The matching is case-insensitive.",
+    )
+
+    group._addoption(
+        "-m",
+        action="store",
+        dest="markexpr",
+        default="",
+        metavar="MARKEXPR",
+        help="Only run tests matching given mark expression. "
+        "For example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.",
+    )
+
+    group.addoption(
+        "--markers",
+        action="store_true",
+        help="show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).",
+    )
+
+    parser.addini("markers", "Register new markers for test functions", "linelist")
+    parser.addini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION, "Default marker for empty parametersets")
+
+
+@hookimpl(tryfirst=True)
+def pytest_cmdline_main(config: Config) -> int | ExitCode | None:
+    import _pytest.config
+
+    if config.option.markers:
+        config._do_configure()
+        tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
+        for line in config.getini("markers"):
+            parts = line.split(":", 1)
+            name = parts[0]
+            rest = parts[1] if len(parts) == 2 else ""
+            tw.write(f"@pytest.mark.{name}:", bold=True)
+            tw.line(rest)
+            tw.line()
+        config._ensure_unconfigure()
+        return 0
+
+    return None
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class KeywordMatcher:
+    """A matcher for keywords.
+
+    Given a list of names, matches any substring of one of these names. The
+    string inclusion check is case-insensitive.
+
+    Will match on the name of colitem, including the names of its parents.
+    Only matches names of items which are either a :class:`Class` or a
+    :class:`Function`.
+
+    Additionally, matches on names in the 'extra_keyword_matches' set of
+    any item, as well as names directly assigned to test functions.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("_names",)
+
+    _names: AbstractSet[str]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_item(cls, item: Item) -> KeywordMatcher:
+        mapped_names = set()
+
+        # Add the names of the current item and any parent items,
+        # except the Session and root Directory's which are not
+        # interesting for matching.
+        import pytest
+
+        for node in item.listchain():
+            if isinstance(node, pytest.Session):
+                continue
+            if isinstance(node, pytest.Directory) and isinstance(
+                node.parent, pytest.Session
+            ):
+                continue
+            mapped_names.add(node.name)
+
+        # Add the names added as extra keywords to current or parent items.
+        mapped_names.update(item.listextrakeywords())
+
+        # Add the names attached to the current function through direct assignment.
+        function_obj = getattr(item, "function", None)
+        if function_obj:
+            mapped_names.update(function_obj.__dict__)
+
+        # Add the markers to the keywords as we no longer handle them correctly.
+        mapped_names.update(mark.name for mark in item.iter_markers())
+
+        return cls(mapped_names)
+
+    def __call__(self, subname: str, /, **kwargs: str | int | bool | None) -> bool:
+        if kwargs:
+            raise UsageError("Keyword expressions do not support call parameters.")
+        subname = subname.lower()
+        names = (name.lower() for name in self._names)
+
+        for name in names:
+            if subname in name:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+def deselect_by_keyword(items: list[Item], config: Config) -> None:
+    keywordexpr = config.option.keyword.lstrip()
+    if not keywordexpr:
+        return
+
+    expr = _parse_expression(keywordexpr, "Wrong expression passed to '-k'")
+
+    remaining = []
+    deselected = []
+    for colitem in items:
+        if not expr.evaluate(KeywordMatcher.from_item(colitem)):
+            deselected.append(colitem)
+        else:
+            remaining.append(colitem)
+
+    if deselected:
+        config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=deselected)
+        items[:] = remaining
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class MarkMatcher:
+    """A matcher for markers which are present.
+
+    Tries to match on any marker names, attached to the given colitem.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("own_mark_name_mapping",)
+
+    own_mark_name_mapping: dict[str, list[Mark]]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_markers(cls, markers: Iterable[Mark]) -> MarkMatcher:
+        mark_name_mapping = collections.defaultdict(list)
+        for mark in markers:
+            mark_name_mapping[mark.name].append(mark)
+        return cls(mark_name_mapping)
+
+    def __call__(self, name: str, /, **kwargs: str | int | bool | None) -> bool:
+        if not (matches := self.own_mark_name_mapping.get(name, [])):
+            return False
+
+        for mark in matches:
+            if all(mark.kwargs.get(k, NOT_SET) == v for k, v in kwargs.items()):
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+
+def deselect_by_mark(items: list[Item], config: Config) -> None:
+    matchexpr = config.option.markexpr
+    if not matchexpr:
+        return
+
+    expr = _parse_expression(matchexpr, "Wrong expression passed to '-m'")
+    remaining: list[Item] = []
+    deselected: list[Item] = []
+    for item in items:
+        if expr.evaluate(MarkMatcher.from_markers(item.iter_markers())):
+            remaining.append(item)
+        else:
+            deselected.append(item)
+    if deselected:
+        config.hook.pytest_deselected(items=deselected)
+        items[:] = remaining
+
+
+def _parse_expression(expr: str, exc_message: str) -> Expression:
+    try:
+        return Expression.compile(expr)
+    except ParseError as e:
+        raise UsageError(f"{exc_message}: {expr}: {e}") from None
+
+
+def pytest_collection_modifyitems(items: list[Item], config: Config) -> None:
+    deselect_by_keyword(items, config)
+    deselect_by_mark(items, config)
+
+
+def pytest_configure(config: Config) -> None:
+    config.stash[old_mark_config_key] = MARK_GEN._config
+    MARK_GEN._config = config
+
+    empty_parameterset = config.getini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION)
+
+    if empty_parameterset not in ("skip", "xfail", "fail_at_collect", None, ""):
+        raise UsageError(
+            f"{EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION!s} must be one of skip, xfail or fail_at_collect"
+            f" but it is {empty_parameterset!r}"
+        )
+
+
+def pytest_unconfigure(config: Config) -> None:
+    MARK_GEN._config = config.stash.get(old_mark_config_key, None)

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/mark/expression.py

@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+r"""Evaluate match expressions, as used by `-k` and `-m`.
+
+The grammar is:
+
+expression: expr? EOF
+expr:       and_expr ('or' and_expr)*
+and_expr:   not_expr ('and' not_expr)*
+not_expr:   'not' not_expr | '(' expr ')' | ident kwargs?
+
+ident:      (\w|:|\+|-|\.|\[|\]|\\|/)+
+kwargs:     ('(' name '=' value ( ', ' name '=' value )*  ')')
+name:       a valid ident, but not a reserved keyword
+value:      (unescaped) string literal | (-)?[0-9]+ | 'False' | 'True' | 'None'
+
+The semantics are:
+
+- Empty expression evaluates to False.
+- ident evaluates to True or False according to a provided matcher function.
+- or/and/not evaluate according to the usual boolean semantics.
+- ident with parentheses and keyword arguments evaluates to True or False according to a provided matcher function.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ast
+import dataclasses
+import enum
+import keyword
+import re
+import types
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import Literal
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import NoReturn
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Protocol
+from typing import Sequence
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Expression",
+    "ParseError",
+]
+
+
+class TokenType(enum.Enum):
+    LPAREN = "left parenthesis"
+    RPAREN = "right parenthesis"
+    OR = "or"
+    AND = "and"
+    NOT = "not"
+    IDENT = "identifier"
+    EOF = "end of input"
+    EQUAL = "="
+    STRING = "string literal"
+    COMMA = ","
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Token:
+    __slots__ = ("type", "value", "pos")
+    type: TokenType
+    value: str
+    pos: int
+
+
+class ParseError(Exception):
+    """The expression contains invalid syntax.
+
+    :param column: The column in the line where the error occurred (1-based).
+    :param message: A description of the error.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, column: int, message: str) -> None:
+        self.column = column
+        self.message = message
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        return f"at column {self.column}: {self.message}"
+
+
+class Scanner:
+    __slots__ = ("tokens", "current")
+
+    def __init__(self, input: str) -> None:
+        self.tokens = self.lex(input)
+        self.current = next(self.tokens)
+
+    def lex(self, input: str) -> Iterator[Token]:
+        pos = 0
+        while pos < len(input):
+            if input[pos] in (" ", "\t"):
+                pos += 1
+            elif input[pos] == "(":
+                yield Token(TokenType.LPAREN, "(", pos)
+                pos += 1
+            elif input[pos] == ")":
+                yield Token(TokenType.RPAREN, ")", pos)
+                pos += 1
+            elif input[pos] == "=":
+                yield Token(TokenType.EQUAL, "=", pos)
+                pos += 1
+            elif input[pos] == ",":
+                yield Token(TokenType.COMMA, ",", pos)
+                pos += 1
+            elif (quote_char := input[pos]) in ("'", '"'):
+                end_quote_pos = input.find(quote_char, pos + 1)
+                if end_quote_pos == -1:
+                    raise ParseError(
+                        pos + 1,
+                        f'closing quote "{quote_char}" is missing',
+                    )
+                value = input[pos : end_quote_pos + 1]
+                if (backslash_pos := input.find("\\")) != -1:
+                    raise ParseError(
+                        backslash_pos + 1,
+                        r'escaping with "\" not supported in marker expression',
+                    )
+                yield Token(TokenType.STRING, value, pos)
+                pos += len(value)
+            else:
+                match = re.match(r"(:?\w|:|\+|-|\.|\[|\]|\\|/)+", input[pos:])
+                if match:
+                    value = match.group(0)
+                    if value == "or":
+                        yield Token(TokenType.OR, value, pos)
+                    elif value == "and":
+                        yield Token(TokenType.AND, value, pos)
+                    elif value == "not":
+                        yield Token(TokenType.NOT, value, pos)
+                    else:
+                        yield Token(TokenType.IDENT, value, pos)
+                    pos += len(value)
+                else:
+                    raise ParseError(
+                        pos + 1,
+                        f'unexpected character "{input[pos]}"',
+                    )
+        yield Token(TokenType.EOF, "", pos)
+
+    @overload
+    def accept(self, type: TokenType, *, reject: Literal[True]) -> Token: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def accept(
+        self, type: TokenType, *, reject: Literal[False] = False
+    ) -> Token | None: ...
+
+    def accept(self, type: TokenType, *, reject: bool = False) -> Token | None:
+        if self.current.type is type:
+            token = self.current
+            if token.type is not TokenType.EOF:
+                self.current = next(self.tokens)
+            return token
+        if reject:
+            self.reject((type,))
+        return None
+
+    def reject(self, expected: Sequence[TokenType]) -> NoReturn:
+        raise ParseError(
+            self.current.pos + 1,
+            "expected {}; got {}".format(
+                " OR ".join(type.value for type in expected),
+                self.current.type.value,
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+# True, False and None are legal match expression identifiers,
+# but illegal as Python identifiers. To fix this, this prefix
+# is added to identifiers in the conversion to Python AST.
+IDENT_PREFIX = "$"
+
+
+def expression(s: Scanner) -> ast.Expression:
+    if s.accept(TokenType.EOF):
+        ret: ast.expr = ast.Constant(False)
+    else:
+        ret = expr(s)
+        s.accept(TokenType.EOF, reject=True)
+    return ast.fix_missing_locations(ast.Expression(ret))
+
+
+def expr(s: Scanner) -> ast.expr:
+    ret = and_expr(s)
+    while s.accept(TokenType.OR):
+        rhs = and_expr(s)
+        ret = ast.BoolOp(ast.Or(), [ret, rhs])
+    return ret
+
+
+def and_expr(s: Scanner) -> ast.expr:
+    ret = not_expr(s)
+    while s.accept(TokenType.AND):
+        rhs = not_expr(s)
+        ret = ast.BoolOp(ast.And(), [ret, rhs])
+    return ret
+
+
+def not_expr(s: Scanner) -> ast.expr:
+    if s.accept(TokenType.NOT):
+        return ast.UnaryOp(ast.Not(), not_expr(s))
+    if s.accept(TokenType.LPAREN):
+        ret = expr(s)
+        s.accept(TokenType.RPAREN, reject=True)
+        return ret
+    ident = s.accept(TokenType.IDENT)
+    if ident:
+        name = ast.Name(IDENT_PREFIX + ident.value, ast.Load())
+        if s.accept(TokenType.LPAREN):
+            ret = ast.Call(func=name, args=[], keywords=all_kwargs(s))
+            s.accept(TokenType.RPAREN, reject=True)
+        else:
+            ret = name
+        return ret
+
+    s.reject((TokenType.NOT, TokenType.LPAREN, TokenType.IDENT))
+
+
+BUILTIN_MATCHERS = {"True": True, "False": False, "None": None}
+
+
+def single_kwarg(s: Scanner) -> ast.keyword:
+    keyword_name = s.accept(TokenType.IDENT, reject=True)
+    if not keyword_name.value.isidentifier():
+        raise ParseError(
+            keyword_name.pos + 1,
+            f"not a valid python identifier {keyword_name.value}",
+        )
+    if keyword.iskeyword(keyword_name.value):
+        raise ParseError(
+            keyword_name.pos + 1,
+            f"unexpected reserved python keyword `{keyword_name.value}`",
+        )
+    s.accept(TokenType.EQUAL, reject=True)
+
+    if value_token := s.accept(TokenType.STRING):
+        value: str | int | bool | None = value_token.value[1:-1]  # strip quotes
+    else:
+        value_token = s.accept(TokenType.IDENT, reject=True)
+        if (
+            (number := value_token.value).isdigit()
+            or number.startswith("-")
+            and number[1:].isdigit()
+        ):
+            value = int(number)
+        elif value_token.value in BUILTIN_MATCHERS:
+            value = BUILTIN_MATCHERS[value_token.value]
+        else:
+            raise ParseError(
+                value_token.pos + 1,
+                f'unexpected character/s "{value_token.value}"',
+            )
+
+    ret = ast.keyword(keyword_name.value, ast.Constant(value))
+    return ret
+
+
+def all_kwargs(s: Scanner) -> list[ast.keyword]:
+    ret = [single_kwarg(s)]
+    while s.accept(TokenType.COMMA):
+        ret.append(single_kwarg(s))
+    return ret
+
+
+class MatcherCall(Protocol):
+    def __call__(self, name: str, /, **kwargs: str | int | bool | None) -> bool: ...
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class MatcherNameAdapter:
+    matcher: MatcherCall
+    name: str
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> bool:
+        return self.matcher(self.name)
+
+    def __call__(self, **kwargs: str | int | bool | None) -> bool:
+        return self.matcher(self.name, **kwargs)
+
+
+class MatcherAdapter(Mapping[str, MatcherNameAdapter]):
+    """Adapts a matcher function to a locals mapping as required by eval()."""
+
+    def __init__(self, matcher: MatcherCall) -> None:
+        self.matcher = matcher
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> MatcherNameAdapter:
+        return MatcherNameAdapter(matcher=self.matcher, name=key[len(IDENT_PREFIX) :])
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+
+class Expression:
+    """A compiled match expression as used by -k and -m.
+
+    The expression can be evaluated against different matchers.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ("code",)
+
+    def __init__(self, code: types.CodeType) -> None:
+        self.code = code
+
+    @classmethod
+    def compile(self, input: str) -> Expression:
+        """Compile a match expression.
+
+        :param input: The input expression - one line.
+        """
+        astexpr = expression(Scanner(input))
+        code: types.CodeType = compile(
+            astexpr,
+            filename="<pytest match expression>",
+            mode="eval",
+        )
+        return Expression(code)
+
+    def evaluate(self, matcher: MatcherCall) -> bool:
+        """Evaluate the match expression.
+
+        :param matcher:
+            Given an identifier, should return whether it matches or not.
+            Should be prepared to handle arbitrary strings as input.
+
+        :returns: Whether the expression matches or not.
+        """
+        ret: bool = bool(eval(self.code, {"__builtins__": {}}, MatcherAdapter(matcher)))
+        return ret

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/mark/structures.py

@@ -0,0 +1,615 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import collections.abc
+import dataclasses
+import inspect
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Collection
+from typing import final
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import MutableMapping
+from typing import NamedTuple
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Union
+import warnings
+
+from .._code import getfslineno
+from ..compat import ascii_escaped
+from ..compat import NOTSET
+from ..compat import NotSetType
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
+from _pytest.deprecated import MARKED_FIXTURE
+from _pytest.outcomes import fail
+from _pytest.scope import _ScopeName
+from _pytest.warning_types import PytestUnknownMarkWarning
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from ..nodes import Node
+
+
+EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION = "empty_parameter_set_mark"
+
+
+def istestfunc(func) -> bool:
+    return callable(func) and getattr(func, "__name__", "<lambda>") != "<lambda>"
+
+
+def get_empty_parameterset_mark(
+    config: Config, argnames: Sequence[str], func
+) -> MarkDecorator:
+    from ..nodes import Collector
+
+    fs, lineno = getfslineno(func)
+    reason = "got empty parameter set %r, function %s at %s:%d" % (
+        argnames,
+        func.__name__,
+        fs,
+        lineno,
+    )
+
+    requested_mark = config.getini(EMPTY_PARAMETERSET_OPTION)
+    if requested_mark in ("", None, "skip"):
+        mark = MARK_GEN.skip(reason=reason)
+    elif requested_mark == "xfail":
+        mark = MARK_GEN.xfail(reason=reason, run=False)
+    elif requested_mark == "fail_at_collect":
+        f_name = func.__name__
+        _, lineno = getfslineno(func)
+        raise Collector.CollectError(
+            "Empty parameter set in '%s' at line %d" % (f_name, lineno + 1)
+        )
+    else:
+        raise LookupError(requested_mark)
+    return mark
+
+
+class ParameterSet(NamedTuple):
+    values: Sequence[object | NotSetType]
+    marks: Collection[MarkDecorator | Mark]
+    id: str | None
+
+    @classmethod
+    def param(
+        cls,
+        *values: object,
+        marks: MarkDecorator | Collection[MarkDecorator | Mark] = (),
+        id: str | None = None,
+    ) -> ParameterSet:
+        if isinstance(marks, MarkDecorator):
+            marks = (marks,)
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(marks, collections.abc.Collection)
+
+        if id is not None:
+            if not isinstance(id, str):
+                raise TypeError(f"Expected id to be a string, got {type(id)}: {id!r}")
+            id = ascii_escaped(id)
+        return cls(values, marks, id)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def extract_from(
+        cls,
+        parameterset: ParameterSet | Sequence[object] | object,
+        force_tuple: bool = False,
+    ) -> ParameterSet:
+        """Extract from an object or objects.
+
+        :param parameterset:
+            A legacy style parameterset that may or may not be a tuple,
+            and may or may not be wrapped into a mess of mark objects.
+
+        :param force_tuple:
+            Enforce tuple wrapping so single argument tuple values
+            don't get decomposed and break tests.
+        """
+        if isinstance(parameterset, cls):
+            return parameterset
+        if force_tuple:
+            return cls.param(parameterset)
+        else:
+            # TODO: Refactor to fix this type-ignore. Currently the following
+            # passes type-checking but crashes:
+            #
+            #   @pytest.mark.parametrize(('x', 'y'), [1, 2])
+            #   def test_foo(x, y): pass
+            return cls(parameterset, marks=[], id=None)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parse_parametrize_args(
+        argnames: str | Sequence[str],
+        argvalues: Iterable[ParameterSet | Sequence[object] | object],
+        *args,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> tuple[Sequence[str], bool]:
+        if isinstance(argnames, str):
+            argnames = [x.strip() for x in argnames.split(",") if x.strip()]
+            force_tuple = len(argnames) == 1
+        else:
+            force_tuple = False
+        return argnames, force_tuple
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parse_parametrize_parameters(
+        argvalues: Iterable[ParameterSet | Sequence[object] | object],
+        force_tuple: bool,
+    ) -> list[ParameterSet]:
+        return [
+            ParameterSet.extract_from(x, force_tuple=force_tuple) for x in argvalues
+        ]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _for_parametrize(
+        cls,
+        argnames: str | Sequence[str],
+        argvalues: Iterable[ParameterSet | Sequence[object] | object],
+        func,
+        config: Config,
+        nodeid: str,
+    ) -> tuple[Sequence[str], list[ParameterSet]]:
+        argnames, force_tuple = cls._parse_parametrize_args(argnames, argvalues)
+        parameters = cls._parse_parametrize_parameters(argvalues, force_tuple)
+        del argvalues
+
+        if parameters:
+            # Check all parameter sets have the correct number of values.
+            for param in parameters:
+                if len(param.values) != len(argnames):
+                    msg = (
+                        '{nodeid}: in "parametrize" the number of names ({names_len}):\n'
+                        "  {names}\n"
+                        "must be equal to the number of values ({values_len}):\n"
+                        "  {values}"
+                    )
+                    fail(
+                        msg.format(
+                            nodeid=nodeid,
+                            values=param.values,
+                            names=argnames,
+                            names_len=len(argnames),
+                            values_len=len(param.values),
+                        ),
+                        pytrace=False,
+                    )
+        else:
+            # Empty parameter set (likely computed at runtime): create a single
+            # parameter set with NOTSET values, with the "empty parameter set" mark applied to it.
+            mark = get_empty_parameterset_mark(config, argnames, func)
+            parameters.append(
+                ParameterSet(values=(NOTSET,) * len(argnames), marks=[mark], id=None)
+            )
+        return argnames, parameters
+
+
+@final
+@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Mark:
+    """A pytest mark."""
+
+    #: Name of the mark.
+    name: str
+    #: Positional arguments of the mark decorator.
+    args: tuple[Any, ...]
+    #: Keyword arguments of the mark decorator.
+    kwargs: Mapping[str, Any]
+
+    #: Source Mark for ids with parametrize Marks.
+    _param_ids_from: Mark | None = dataclasses.field(default=None, repr=False)
+    #: Resolved/generated ids with parametrize Marks.
+    _param_ids_generated: Sequence[str] | None = dataclasses.field(
+        default=None, repr=False
+    )
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        args: tuple[Any, ...],
+        kwargs: Mapping[str, Any],
+        param_ids_from: Mark | None = None,
+        param_ids_generated: Sequence[str] | None = None,
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """:meta private:"""
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        # Weirdness to bypass frozen=True.
+        object.__setattr__(self, "name", name)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "args", args)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "kwargs", kwargs)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_param_ids_from", param_ids_from)
+        object.__setattr__(self, "_param_ids_generated", param_ids_generated)
+
+    def _has_param_ids(self) -> bool:
+        return "ids" in self.kwargs or len(self.args) >= 4
+
+    def combined_with(self, other: Mark) -> Mark:
+        """Return a new Mark which is a combination of this
+        Mark and another Mark.
+
+        Combines by appending args and merging kwargs.
+
+        :param Mark other: The mark to combine with.
+        :rtype: Mark
+        """
+        assert self.name == other.name
+
+        # Remember source of ids with parametrize Marks.
+        param_ids_from: Mark | None = None
+        if self.name == "parametrize":
+            if other._has_param_ids():
+                param_ids_from = other
+            elif self._has_param_ids():
+                param_ids_from = self
+
+        return Mark(
+            self.name,
+            self.args + other.args,
+            dict(self.kwargs, **other.kwargs),
+            param_ids_from=param_ids_from,
+            _ispytest=True,
+        )
+
+
+# A generic parameter designating an object to which a Mark may
+# be applied -- a test function (callable) or class.
+# Note: a lambda is not allowed, but this can't be represented.
+Markable = TypeVar("Markable", bound=Union[Callable[..., object], type])
+
+
+@dataclasses.dataclass
+class MarkDecorator:
+    """A decorator for applying a mark on test functions and classes.
+
+    ``MarkDecorators`` are created with ``pytest.mark``::
+
+        mark1 = pytest.mark.NAME  # Simple MarkDecorator
+        mark2 = pytest.mark.NAME(name1=value)  # Parametrized MarkDecorator
+
+    and can then be applied as decorators to test functions::
+
+        @mark2
+        def test_function():
+            pass
+
+    When a ``MarkDecorator`` is called, it does the following:
+
+    1. If called with a single class as its only positional argument and no
+       additional keyword arguments, it attaches the mark to the class so it
+       gets applied automatically to all test cases found in that class.
+
+    2. If called with a single function as its only positional argument and
+       no additional keyword arguments, it attaches the mark to the function,
+       containing all the arguments already stored internally in the
+       ``MarkDecorator``.
+
+    3. When called in any other case, it returns a new ``MarkDecorator``
+       instance with the original ``MarkDecorator``'s content updated with
+       the arguments passed to this call.
+
+    Note: The rules above prevent a ``MarkDecorator`` from storing only a
+    single function or class reference as its positional argument with no
+    additional keyword or positional arguments. You can work around this by
+    using `with_args()`.
+    """
+
+    mark: Mark
+
+    def __init__(self, mark: Mark, *, _ispytest: bool = False) -> None:
+        """:meta private:"""
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        self.mark = mark
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """Alias for mark.name."""
+        return self.mark.name
+
+    @property
+    def args(self) -> tuple[Any, ...]:
+        """Alias for mark.args."""
+        return self.mark.args
+
+    @property
+    def kwargs(self) -> Mapping[str, Any]:
+        """Alias for mark.kwargs."""
+        return self.mark.kwargs
+
+    @property
+    def markname(self) -> str:
+        """:meta private:"""
+        return self.name  # for backward-compat (2.4.1 had this attr)
+
+    def with_args(self, *args: object, **kwargs: object) -> MarkDecorator:
+        """Return a MarkDecorator with extra arguments added.
+
+        Unlike calling the MarkDecorator, with_args() can be used even
+        if the sole argument is a callable/class.
+        """
+        mark = Mark(self.name, args, kwargs, _ispytest=True)
+        return MarkDecorator(self.mark.combined_with(mark), _ispytest=True)
+
+    # Type ignored because the overloads overlap with an incompatible
+    # return type. Not much we can do about that. Thankfully mypy picks
+    # the first match so it works out even if we break the rules.
+    @overload
+    def __call__(self, arg: Markable) -> Markable:  # type: ignore[overload-overlap]
+        pass
+
+    @overload
+    def __call__(self, *args: object, **kwargs: object) -> MarkDecorator:
+        pass
+
+    def __call__(self, *args: object, **kwargs: object):
+        """Call the MarkDecorator."""
+        if args and not kwargs:
+            func = args[0]
+            is_class = inspect.isclass(func)
+            if len(args) == 1 and (istestfunc(func) or is_class):
+                store_mark(func, self.mark, stacklevel=3)
+                return func
+        return self.with_args(*args, **kwargs)
+
+
+def get_unpacked_marks(
+    obj: object | type,
+    *,
+    consider_mro: bool = True,
+) -> list[Mark]:
+    """Obtain the unpacked marks that are stored on an object.
+
+    If obj is a class and consider_mro is true, return marks applied to
+    this class and all of its super-classes in MRO order. If consider_mro
+    is false, only return marks applied directly to this class.
+    """
+    if isinstance(obj, type):
+        if not consider_mro:
+            mark_lists = [obj.__dict__.get("pytestmark", [])]
+        else:
+            mark_lists = [
+                x.__dict__.get("pytestmark", []) for x in reversed(obj.__mro__)
+            ]
+        mark_list = []
+        for item in mark_lists:
+            if isinstance(item, list):
+                mark_list.extend(item)
+            else:
+                mark_list.append(item)
+    else:
+        mark_attribute = getattr(obj, "pytestmark", [])
+        if isinstance(mark_attribute, list):
+            mark_list = mark_attribute
+        else:
+            mark_list = [mark_attribute]
+    return list(normalize_mark_list(mark_list))
+
+
+def normalize_mark_list(
+    mark_list: Iterable[Mark | MarkDecorator],
+) -> Iterable[Mark]:
+    """
+    Normalize an iterable of Mark or MarkDecorator objects into a list of marks
+    by retrieving the `mark` attribute on MarkDecorator instances.
+
+    :param mark_list: marks to normalize
+    :returns: A new list of the extracted Mark objects
+    """
+    for mark in mark_list:
+        mark_obj = getattr(mark, "mark", mark)
+        if not isinstance(mark_obj, Mark):
+            raise TypeError(f"got {mark_obj!r} instead of Mark")
+        yield mark_obj
+
+
+def store_mark(obj, mark: Mark, *, stacklevel: int = 2) -> None:
+    """Store a Mark on an object.
+
+    This is used to implement the Mark declarations/decorators correctly.
+    """
+    assert isinstance(mark, Mark), mark
+
+    from ..fixtures import getfixturemarker
+
+    if getfixturemarker(obj) is not None:
+        warnings.warn(MARKED_FIXTURE, stacklevel=stacklevel)
+
+    # Always reassign name to avoid updating pytestmark in a reference that
+    # was only borrowed.
+    obj.pytestmark = [*get_unpacked_marks(obj, consider_mro=False), mark]
+
+
+# Typing for builtin pytest marks. This is cheating; it gives builtin marks
+# special privilege, and breaks modularity. But practicality beats purity...
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+
+    class _SkipMarkDecorator(MarkDecorator):
+        @overload  # type: ignore[override,no-overload-impl]
+        def __call__(self, arg: Markable) -> Markable: ...
+
+        @overload
+        def __call__(self, reason: str = ...) -> MarkDecorator: ...
+
+    class _SkipifMarkDecorator(MarkDecorator):
+        def __call__(  # type: ignore[override]
+            self,
+            condition: str | bool = ...,
+            *conditions: str | bool,
+            reason: str = ...,
+        ) -> MarkDecorator: ...
+
+    class _XfailMarkDecorator(MarkDecorator):
+        @overload  # type: ignore[override,no-overload-impl]
+        def __call__(self, arg: Markable) -> Markable: ...
+
+        @overload
+        def __call__(
+            self,
+            condition: str | bool = False,
+            *conditions: str | bool,
+            reason: str = ...,
+            run: bool = ...,
+            raises: None | type[BaseException] | tuple[type[BaseException], ...] = ...,
+            strict: bool = ...,
+        ) -> MarkDecorator: ...
+
+    class _ParametrizeMarkDecorator(MarkDecorator):
+        def __call__(  # type: ignore[override]
+            self,
+            argnames: str | Sequence[str],
+            argvalues: Iterable[ParameterSet | Sequence[object] | object],
+            *,
+            indirect: bool | Sequence[str] = ...,
+            ids: Iterable[None | str | float | int | bool]
+            | Callable[[Any], object | None]
+            | None = ...,
+            scope: _ScopeName | None = ...,
+        ) -> MarkDecorator: ...
+
+    class _UsefixturesMarkDecorator(MarkDecorator):
+        def __call__(self, *fixtures: str) -> MarkDecorator:  # type: ignore[override]
+            ...
+
+    class _FilterwarningsMarkDecorator(MarkDecorator):
+        def __call__(self, *filters: str) -> MarkDecorator:  # type: ignore[override]
+            ...
+
+
+@final
+class MarkGenerator:
+    """Factory for :class:`MarkDecorator` objects - exposed as
+    a ``pytest.mark`` singleton instance.
+
+    Example::
+
+         import pytest
+
+
+         @pytest.mark.slowtest
+         def test_function():
+             pass
+
+    applies a 'slowtest' :class:`Mark` on ``test_function``.
+    """
+
+    # See TYPE_CHECKING above.
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        skip: _SkipMarkDecorator
+        skipif: _SkipifMarkDecorator
+        xfail: _XfailMarkDecorator
+        parametrize: _ParametrizeMarkDecorator
+        usefixtures: _UsefixturesMarkDecorator
+        filterwarnings: _FilterwarningsMarkDecorator
+
+    def __init__(self, *, _ispytest: bool = False) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        self._config: Config | None = None
+        self._markers: set[str] = set()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> MarkDecorator:
+        """Generate a new :class:`MarkDecorator` with the given name."""
+        if name[0] == "_":
+            raise AttributeError("Marker name must NOT start with underscore")
+
+        if self._config is not None:
+            # We store a set of markers as a performance optimisation - if a mark
+            # name is in the set we definitely know it, but a mark may be known and
+            # not in the set.  We therefore start by updating the set!
+            if name not in self._markers:
+                for line in self._config.getini("markers"):
+                    # example lines: "skipif(condition): skip the given test if..."
+                    # or "hypothesis: tests which use Hypothesis", so to get the
+                    # marker name we split on both `:` and `(`.
+                    marker = line.split(":")[0].split("(")[0].strip()
+                    self._markers.add(marker)
+
+            # If the name is not in the set of known marks after updating,
+            # then it really is time to issue a warning or an error.
+            if name not in self._markers:
+                if self._config.option.strict_markers or self._config.option.strict:
+                    fail(
+                        f"{name!r} not found in `markers` configuration option",
+                        pytrace=False,
+                    )
+
+                # Raise a specific error for common misspellings of "parametrize".
+                if name in ["parameterize", "parametrise", "parameterise"]:
+                    __tracebackhide__ = True
+                    fail(f"Unknown '{name}' mark, did you mean 'parametrize'?")
+
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f"Unknown pytest.mark.{name} - is this a typo?  You can register "
+                    "custom marks to avoid this warning - for details, see "
+                    "https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/how-to/mark.html",
+                    PytestUnknownMarkWarning,
+                    2,
+                )
+
+        return MarkDecorator(Mark(name, (), {}, _ispytest=True), _ispytest=True)
+
+
+MARK_GEN = MarkGenerator(_ispytest=True)
+
+
+@final
+class NodeKeywords(MutableMapping[str, Any]):
+    __slots__ = ("node", "parent", "_markers")
+
+    def __init__(self, node: Node) -> None:
+        self.node = node
+        self.parent = node.parent
+        self._markers = {node.name: True}
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key: str) -> Any:
+        try:
+            return self._markers[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            if self.parent is None:
+                raise
+            return self.parent.keywords[key]
+
+    def __setitem__(self, key: str, value: Any) -> None:
+        self._markers[key] = value
+
+    # Note: we could've avoided explicitly implementing some of the methods
+    # below and use the collections.abc fallback, but that would be slow.
+
+    def __contains__(self, key: object) -> bool:
+        return (
+            key in self._markers
+            or self.parent is not None
+            and key in self.parent.keywords
+        )
+
+    def update(  # type: ignore[override]
+        self,
+        other: Mapping[str, Any] | Iterable[tuple[str, Any]] = (),
+        **kwds: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        self._markers.update(other)
+        self._markers.update(kwds)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, key: str) -> None:
+        raise ValueError("cannot delete key in keywords dict")
+
+    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]:
+        # Doesn't need to be fast.
+        yield from self._markers
+        if self.parent is not None:
+            for keyword in self.parent.keywords:
+                # self._marks and self.parent.keywords can have duplicates.
+                if keyword not in self._markers:
+                    yield keyword
+
+    def __len__(self) -> int:
+        # Doesn't need to be fast.
+        return sum(1 for keyword in self)
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<NodeKeywords for node {self.node}>"

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/monkeypatch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+"""Monkeypatching and mocking functionality."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+from typing import Any
+from typing import final
+from typing import Generator
+from typing import Mapping
+from typing import MutableMapping
+from typing import overload
+from typing import TypeVar
+import warnings
+
+from _pytest.fixtures import fixture
+from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
+
+
+RE_IMPORT_ERROR_NAME = re.compile(r"^No module named (.*)$")
+
+
+K = TypeVar("K")
+V = TypeVar("V")
+
+
+@fixture
+def monkeypatch() -> Generator[MonkeyPatch]:
+    """A convenient fixture for monkey-patching.
+
+    The fixture provides these methods to modify objects, dictionaries, or
+    :data:`os.environ`:
+
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.setattr(obj, name, value, raising=True) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.setattr>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.delattr(obj, name, raising=True) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.delattr>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.setitem(mapping, name, value) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.setitem>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.delitem(obj, name, raising=True) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.delitem>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.setenv(name, value, prepend=None) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.setenv>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.delenv(name, raising=True) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.delenv>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.syspath_prepend(path) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.syspath_prepend>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.chdir(path) <pytest.MonkeyPatch.chdir>`
+    * :meth:`monkeypatch.context() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.context>`
+
+    All modifications will be undone after the requesting test function or
+    fixture has finished. The ``raising`` parameter determines if a :class:`KeyError`
+    or :class:`AttributeError` will be raised if the set/deletion operation does not have the
+    specified target.
+
+    To undo modifications done by the fixture in a contained scope,
+    use :meth:`context() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.context>`.
+    """
+    mpatch = MonkeyPatch()
+    yield mpatch
+    mpatch.undo()
+
+
+def resolve(name: str) -> object:
+    # Simplified from zope.dottedname.
+    parts = name.split(".")
+
+    used = parts.pop(0)
+    found: object = __import__(used)
+    for part in parts:
+        used += "." + part
+        try:
+            found = getattr(found, part)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            continue
+        # We use explicit un-nesting of the handling block in order
+        # to avoid nested exceptions.
+        try:
+            __import__(used)
+        except ImportError as ex:
+            expected = str(ex).split()[-1]
+            if expected == used:
+                raise
+            else:
+                raise ImportError(f"import error in {used}: {ex}") from ex
+        found = annotated_getattr(found, part, used)
+    return found
+
+
+def annotated_getattr(obj: object, name: str, ann: str) -> object:
+    try:
+        obj = getattr(obj, name)
+    except AttributeError as e:
+        raise AttributeError(
+            f"{type(obj).__name__!r} object at {ann} has no attribute {name!r}"
+        ) from e
+    return obj
+
+
+def derive_importpath(import_path: str, raising: bool) -> tuple[str, object]:
+    if not isinstance(import_path, str) or "." not in import_path:
+        raise TypeError(f"must be absolute import path string, not {import_path!r}")
+    module, attr = import_path.rsplit(".", 1)
+    target = resolve(module)
+    if raising:
+        annotated_getattr(target, attr, ann=module)
+    return attr, target
+
+
+class Notset:
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return "<notset>"
+
+
+notset = Notset()
+
+
+@final
+class MonkeyPatch:
+    """Helper to conveniently monkeypatch attributes/items/environment
+    variables/syspath.
+
+    Returned by the :fixture:`monkeypatch` fixture.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 6.2
+        Can now also be used directly as `pytest.MonkeyPatch()`, for when
+        the fixture is not available. In this case, use
+        :meth:`with MonkeyPatch.context() as mp: <context>` or remember to call
+        :meth:`undo` explicitly.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self._setattr: list[tuple[object, str, object]] = []
+        self._setitem: list[tuple[Mapping[Any, Any], object, object]] = []
+        self._cwd: str | None = None
+        self._savesyspath: list[str] | None = None
+
+    @classmethod
+    @contextmanager
+    def context(cls) -> Generator[MonkeyPatch]:
+        """Context manager that returns a new :class:`MonkeyPatch` object
+        which undoes any patching done inside the ``with`` block upon exit.
+
+        Example:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            import functools
+
+
+            def test_partial(monkeypatch):
+                with monkeypatch.context() as m:
+                    m.setattr(functools, "partial", 3)
+
+        Useful in situations where it is desired to undo some patches before the test ends,
+        such as mocking ``stdlib`` functions that might break pytest itself if mocked (for examples
+        of this see :issue:`3290`).
+        """
+        m = cls()
+        try:
+            yield m
+        finally:
+            m.undo()
+
+    @overload
+    def setattr(
+        self,
+        target: str,
+        name: object,
+        value: Notset = ...,
+        raising: bool = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def setattr(
+        self,
+        target: object,
+        name: str,
+        value: object,
+        raising: bool = ...,
+    ) -> None: ...
+
+    def setattr(
+        self,
+        target: str | object,
+        name: object | str,
+        value: object = notset,
+        raising: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Set attribute value on target, memorizing the old value.
+
+        For example:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            import os
+
+            monkeypatch.setattr(os, "getcwd", lambda: "/")
+
+        The code above replaces the :func:`os.getcwd` function by a ``lambda`` which
+        always returns ``"/"``.
+
+        For convenience, you can specify a string as ``target`` which
+        will be interpreted as a dotted import path, with the last part
+        being the attribute name:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            monkeypatch.setattr("os.getcwd", lambda: "/")
+
+        Raises :class:`AttributeError` if the attribute does not exist, unless
+        ``raising`` is set to False.
+
+        **Where to patch**
+
+        ``monkeypatch.setattr`` works by (temporarily) changing the object that a name points to with another one.
+        There can be many names pointing to any individual object, so for patching to work you must ensure
+        that you patch the name used by the system under test.
+
+        See the section :ref:`Where to patch <python:where-to-patch>` in the :mod:`unittest.mock`
+        docs for a complete explanation, which is meant for :func:`unittest.mock.patch` but
+        applies to ``monkeypatch.setattr`` as well.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        import inspect
+
+        if isinstance(value, Notset):
+            if not isinstance(target, str):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "use setattr(target, name, value) or "
+                    "setattr(target, value) with target being a dotted "
+                    "import string"
+                )
+            value = name
+            name, target = derive_importpath(target, raising)
+        else:
+            if not isinstance(name, str):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "use setattr(target, name, value) with name being a string or "
+                    "setattr(target, value) with target being a dotted "
+                    "import string"
+                )
+
+        oldval = getattr(target, name, notset)
+        if raising and oldval is notset:
+            raise AttributeError(f"{target!r} has no attribute {name!r}")
+
+        # avoid class descriptors like staticmethod/classmethod
+        if inspect.isclass(target):
+            oldval = target.__dict__.get(name, notset)
+        self._setattr.append((target, name, oldval))
+        setattr(target, name, value)
+
+    def delattr(
+        self,
+        target: object | str,
+        name: str | Notset = notset,
+        raising: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Delete attribute ``name`` from ``target``.
+
+        If no ``name`` is specified and ``target`` is a string
+        it will be interpreted as a dotted import path with the
+        last part being the attribute name.
+
+        Raises AttributeError it the attribute does not exist, unless
+        ``raising`` is set to False.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        import inspect
+
+        if isinstance(name, Notset):
+            if not isinstance(target, str):
+                raise TypeError(
+                    "use delattr(target, name) or "
+                    "delattr(target) with target being a dotted "
+                    "import string"
+                )
+            name, target = derive_importpath(target, raising)
+
+        if not hasattr(target, name):
+            if raising:
+                raise AttributeError(name)
+        else:
+            oldval = getattr(target, name, notset)
+            # Avoid class descriptors like staticmethod/classmethod.
+            if inspect.isclass(target):
+                oldval = target.__dict__.get(name, notset)
+            self._setattr.append((target, name, oldval))
+            delattr(target, name)
+
+    def setitem(self, dic: Mapping[K, V], name: K, value: V) -> None:
+        """Set dictionary entry ``name`` to value."""
+        self._setitem.append((dic, name, dic.get(name, notset)))
+        # Not all Mapping types support indexing, but MutableMapping doesn't support TypedDict
+        dic[name] = value  # type: ignore[index]
+
+    def delitem(self, dic: Mapping[K, V], name: K, raising: bool = True) -> None:
+        """Delete ``name`` from dict.
+
+        Raises ``KeyError`` if it doesn't exist, unless ``raising`` is set to
+        False.
+        """
+        if name not in dic:
+            if raising:
+                raise KeyError(name)
+        else:
+            self._setitem.append((dic, name, dic.get(name, notset)))
+            # Not all Mapping types support indexing, but MutableMapping doesn't support TypedDict
+            del dic[name]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+    def setenv(self, name: str, value: str, prepend: str | None = None) -> None:
+        """Set environment variable ``name`` to ``value``.
+
+        If ``prepend`` is a character, read the current environment variable
+        value and prepend the ``value`` adjoined with the ``prepend``
+        character.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(value, str):
+            warnings.warn(  # type: ignore[unreachable]
+                PytestWarning(
+                    f"Value of environment variable {name} type should be str, but got "
+                    f"{value!r} (type: {type(value).__name__}); converted to str implicitly"
+                ),
+                stacklevel=2,
+            )
+            value = str(value)
+        if prepend and name in os.environ:
+            value = value + prepend + os.environ[name]
+        self.setitem(os.environ, name, value)
+
+    def delenv(self, name: str, raising: bool = True) -> None:
+        """Delete ``name`` from the environment.
+
+        Raises ``KeyError`` if it does not exist, unless ``raising`` is set to
+        False.
+        """
+        environ: MutableMapping[str, str] = os.environ
+        self.delitem(environ, name, raising=raising)
+
+    def syspath_prepend(self, path) -> None:
+        """Prepend ``path`` to ``sys.path`` list of import locations."""
+        if self._savesyspath is None:
+            self._savesyspath = sys.path[:]
+        sys.path.insert(0, str(path))
+
+        # https://github.com/pypa/setuptools/blob/d8b901bc/docs/pkg_resources.txt#L162-L171
+        # this is only needed when pkg_resources was already loaded by the namespace package
+        if "pkg_resources" in sys.modules:
+            from pkg_resources import fixup_namespace_packages
+
+            fixup_namespace_packages(str(path))
+
+        # A call to syspathinsert() usually means that the caller wants to
+        # import some dynamically created files, thus with python3 we
+        # invalidate its import caches.
+        # This is especially important when any namespace package is in use,
+        # since then the mtime based FileFinder cache (that gets created in
+        # this case already) gets not invalidated when writing the new files
+        # quickly afterwards.
+        from importlib import invalidate_caches
+
+        invalidate_caches()
+
+    def chdir(self, path: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> None:
+        """Change the current working directory to the specified path.
+
+        :param path:
+            The path to change into.
+        """
+        if self._cwd is None:
+            self._cwd = os.getcwd()
+        os.chdir(path)
+
+    def undo(self) -> None:
+        """Undo previous changes.
+
+        This call consumes the undo stack. Calling it a second time has no
+        effect unless you do more monkeypatching after the undo call.
+
+        There is generally no need to call `undo()`, since it is
+        called automatically during tear-down.
+
+        .. note::
+            The same `monkeypatch` fixture is used across a
+            single test function invocation. If `monkeypatch` is used both by
+            the test function itself and one of the test fixtures,
+            calling `undo()` will undo all of the changes made in
+            both functions.
+
+            Prefer to use :meth:`context() <pytest.MonkeyPatch.context>` instead.
+        """
+        for obj, name, value in reversed(self._setattr):
+            if value is not notset:
+                setattr(obj, name, value)
+            else:
+                delattr(obj, name)
+        self._setattr[:] = []
+        for dictionary, key, value in reversed(self._setitem):
+            if value is notset:
+                try:
+                    # Not all Mapping types support indexing, but MutableMapping doesn't support TypedDict
+                    del dictionary[key]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass  # Was already deleted, so we have the desired state.
+            else:
+                # Not all Mapping types support indexing, but MutableMapping doesn't support TypedDict
+                dictionary[key] = value  # type: ignore[index]
+        self._setitem[:] = []
+        if self._savesyspath is not None:
+            sys.path[:] = self._savesyspath
+            self._savesyspath = None
+
+        if self._cwd is not None:
+            os.chdir(self._cwd)
+            self._cwd = None

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/outcomes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+"""Exception classes and constants handling test outcomes as well as
+functions creating them."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import cast
+from typing import NoReturn
+from typing import Protocol
+from typing import Type
+from typing import TypeVar
+
+from .warning_types import PytestDeprecationWarning
+
+
+class OutcomeException(BaseException):
+    """OutcomeException and its subclass instances indicate and contain info
+    about test and collection outcomes."""
+
+    def __init__(self, msg: str | None = None, pytrace: bool = True) -> None:
+        if msg is not None and not isinstance(msg, str):
+            error_msg = (  # type: ignore[unreachable]
+                "{} expected string as 'msg' parameter, got '{}' instead.\n"
+                "Perhaps you meant to use a mark?"
+            )
+            raise TypeError(error_msg.format(type(self).__name__, type(msg).__name__))
+        super().__init__(msg)
+        self.msg = msg
+        self.pytrace = pytrace
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        if self.msg is not None:
+            return self.msg
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__} instance>"
+
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+
+TEST_OUTCOME = (OutcomeException, Exception)
+
+
+class Skipped(OutcomeException):
+    # XXX hackish: on 3k we fake to live in the builtins
+    # in order to have Skipped exception printing shorter/nicer
+    __module__ = "builtins"
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        msg: str | None = None,
+        pytrace: bool = True,
+        allow_module_level: bool = False,
+        *,
+        _use_item_location: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(msg=msg, pytrace=pytrace)
+        self.allow_module_level = allow_module_level
+        # If true, the skip location is reported as the item's location,
+        # instead of the place that raises the exception/calls skip().
+        self._use_item_location = _use_item_location
+
+
+class Failed(OutcomeException):
+    """Raised from an explicit call to pytest.fail()."""
+
+    __module__ = "builtins"
+
+
+class Exit(Exception):
+    """Raised for immediate program exits (no tracebacks/summaries)."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, msg: str = "unknown reason", returncode: int | None = None
+    ) -> None:
+        self.msg = msg
+        self.returncode = returncode
+        super().__init__(msg)
+
+
+# Elaborate hack to work around https://github.com/python/mypy/issues/2087.
+# Ideally would just be `exit.Exception = Exit` etc.
+
+_F = TypeVar("_F", bound=Callable[..., object])
+_ET = TypeVar("_ET", bound=Type[BaseException])
+
+
+class _WithException(Protocol[_F, _ET]):
+    Exception: _ET
+    __call__: _F
+
+
+def _with_exception(exception_type: _ET) -> Callable[[_F], _WithException[_F, _ET]]:
+    def decorate(func: _F) -> _WithException[_F, _ET]:
+        func_with_exception = cast(_WithException[_F, _ET], func)
+        func_with_exception.Exception = exception_type
+        return func_with_exception
+
+    return decorate
+
+
+# Exposed helper methods.
+
+
+@_with_exception(Exit)
+def exit(
+    reason: str = "",
+    returncode: int | None = None,
+) -> NoReturn:
+    """Exit testing process.
+
+    :param reason:
+        The message to show as the reason for exiting pytest.  reason has a default value
+        only because `msg` is deprecated.
+
+    :param returncode:
+        Return code to be used when exiting pytest. None means the same as ``0`` (no error), same as :func:`sys.exit`.
+
+    :raises pytest.exit.Exception:
+        The exception that is raised.
+    """
+    __tracebackhide__ = True
+    raise Exit(reason, returncode)
+
+
+@_with_exception(Skipped)
+def skip(
+    reason: str = "",
+    *,
+    allow_module_level: bool = False,
+) -> NoReturn:
+    """Skip an executing test with the given message.
+
+    This function should be called only during testing (setup, call or teardown) or
+    during collection by using the ``allow_module_level`` flag.  This function can
+    be called in doctests as well.
+
+    :param reason:
+        The message to show the user as reason for the skip.
+
+    :param allow_module_level:
+        Allows this function to be called at module level.
+        Raising the skip exception at module level will stop
+        the execution of the module and prevent the collection of all tests in the module,
+        even those defined before the `skip` call.
+
+        Defaults to False.
+
+    :raises pytest.skip.Exception:
+        The exception that is raised.
+
+    .. note::
+        It is better to use the :ref:`pytest.mark.skipif ref` marker when
+        possible to declare a test to be skipped under certain conditions
+        like mismatching platforms or dependencies.
+        Similarly, use the ``# doctest: +SKIP`` directive (see :py:data:`doctest.SKIP`)
+        to skip a doctest statically.
+    """
+    __tracebackhide__ = True
+    raise Skipped(msg=reason, allow_module_level=allow_module_level)
+
+
+@_with_exception(Failed)
+def fail(reason: str = "", pytrace: bool = True) -> NoReturn:
+    """Explicitly fail an executing test with the given message.
+
+    :param reason:
+        The message to show the user as reason for the failure.
+
+    :param pytrace:
+        If False, msg represents the full failure information and no
+        python traceback will be reported.
+
+    :raises pytest.fail.Exception:
+        The exception that is raised.
+    """
+    __tracebackhide__ = True
+    raise Failed(msg=reason, pytrace=pytrace)
+
+
+class XFailed(Failed):
+    """Raised from an explicit call to pytest.xfail()."""
+
+
+@_with_exception(XFailed)
+def xfail(reason: str = "") -> NoReturn:
+    """Imperatively xfail an executing test or setup function with the given reason.
+
+    This function should be called only during testing (setup, call or teardown).
+
+    No other code is executed after using ``xfail()`` (it is implemented
+    internally by raising an exception).
+
+    :param reason:
+        The message to show the user as reason for the xfail.
+
+    .. note::
+        It is better to use the :ref:`pytest.mark.xfail ref` marker when
+        possible to declare a test to be xfailed under certain conditions
+        like known bugs or missing features.
+
+    :raises pytest.xfail.Exception:
+        The exception that is raised.
+    """
+    __tracebackhide__ = True
+    raise XFailed(reason)
+
+
+def importorskip(
+    modname: str,
+    minversion: str | None = None,
+    reason: str | None = None,
+    *,
+    exc_type: type[ImportError] | None = None,
+) -> Any:
+    """Import and return the requested module ``modname``, or skip the
+    current test if the module cannot be imported.
+
+    :param modname:
+        The name of the module to import.
+    :param minversion:
+        If given, the imported module's ``__version__`` attribute must be at
+        least this minimal version, otherwise the test is still skipped.
+    :param reason:
+        If given, this reason is shown as the message when the module cannot
+        be imported.
+    :param exc_type:
+        The exception that should be captured in order to skip modules.
+        Must be :py:class:`ImportError` or a subclass.
+
+        If the module can be imported but raises :class:`ImportError`, pytest will
+        issue a warning to the user, as often users expect the module not to be
+        found (which would raise :class:`ModuleNotFoundError` instead).
+
+        This warning can be suppressed by passing ``exc_type=ImportError`` explicitly.
+
+        See :ref:`import-or-skip-import-error` for details.
+
+
+    :returns:
+        The imported module. This should be assigned to its canonical name.
+
+    :raises pytest.skip.Exception:
+        If the module cannot be imported.
+
+    Example::
+
+        docutils = pytest.importorskip("docutils")
+
+    .. versionadded:: 8.2
+
+        The ``exc_type`` parameter.
+    """
+    import warnings
+
+    __tracebackhide__ = True
+    compile(modname, "", "eval")  # to catch syntaxerrors
+
+    # Until pytest 9.1, we will warn the user if we catch ImportError (instead of ModuleNotFoundError),
+    # as this might be hiding an installation/environment problem, which is not usually what is intended
+    # when using importorskip() (#11523).
+    # In 9.1, to keep the function signature compatible, we just change the code below to:
+    # 1. Use `exc_type = ModuleNotFoundError` if `exc_type` is not given.
+    # 2. Remove `warn_on_import` and the warning handling.
+    if exc_type is None:
+        exc_type = ImportError
+        warn_on_import_error = True
+    else:
+        warn_on_import_error = False
+
+    skipped: Skipped | None = None
+    warning: Warning | None = None
+
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        # Make sure to ignore ImportWarnings that might happen because
+        # of existing directories with the same name we're trying to
+        # import but without a __init__.py file.
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+
+        try:
+            __import__(modname)
+        except exc_type as exc:
+            # Do not raise or issue warnings inside the catch_warnings() block.
+            if reason is None:
+                reason = f"could not import {modname!r}: {exc}"
+            skipped = Skipped(reason, allow_module_level=True)
+
+            if warn_on_import_error and not isinstance(exc, ModuleNotFoundError):
+                lines = [
+                    "",
+                    f"Module '{modname}' was found, but when imported by pytest it raised:",
+                    f"    {exc!r}",
+                    "In pytest 9.1 this warning will become an error by default.",
+                    "You can fix the underlying problem, or alternatively overwrite this behavior and silence this "
+                    "warning by passing exc_type=ImportError explicitly.",
+                    "See https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/deprecations.html#pytest-importorskip-default-behavior-regarding-importerror",
+                ]
+                warning = PytestDeprecationWarning("\n".join(lines))
+
+    if warning:
+        warnings.warn(warning, stacklevel=2)
+    if skipped:
+        raise skipped
+
+    mod = sys.modules[modname]
+    if minversion is None:
+        return mod
+    verattr = getattr(mod, "__version__", None)
+    if minversion is not None:
+        # Imported lazily to improve start-up time.
+        from packaging.version import Version
+
+        if verattr is None or Version(verattr) < Version(minversion):
+            raise Skipped(
+                f"module {modname!r} has __version__ {verattr!r}, required is: {minversion!r}",
+                allow_module_level=True,
+            )
+    return mod

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/pastebin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+"""Submit failure or test session information to a pastebin service."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from io import StringIO
+import tempfile
+from typing import IO
+
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import create_terminal_writer
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.stash import StashKey
+from _pytest.terminal import TerminalReporter
+import pytest
+
+
+pastebinfile_key = StashKey[IO[bytes]]()
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    group = parser.getgroup("terminal reporting")
+    group._addoption(
+        "--pastebin",
+        metavar="mode",
+        action="store",
+        dest="pastebin",
+        default=None,
+        choices=["failed", "all"],
+        help="Send failed|all info to bpaste.net pastebin service",
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.hookimpl(trylast=True)
+def pytest_configure(config: Config) -> None:
+    if config.option.pastebin == "all":
+        tr = config.pluginmanager.getplugin("terminalreporter")
+        # If no terminal reporter plugin is present, nothing we can do here;
+        # this can happen when this function executes in a worker node
+        # when using pytest-xdist, for example.
+        if tr is not None:
+            # pastebin file will be UTF-8 encoded binary file.
+            config.stash[pastebinfile_key] = tempfile.TemporaryFile("w+b")
+            oldwrite = tr._tw.write
+
+            def tee_write(s, **kwargs):
+                oldwrite(s, **kwargs)
+                if isinstance(s, str):
+                    s = s.encode("utf-8")
+                config.stash[pastebinfile_key].write(s)
+
+            tr._tw.write = tee_write
+
+
+def pytest_unconfigure(config: Config) -> None:
+    if pastebinfile_key in config.stash:
+        pastebinfile = config.stash[pastebinfile_key]
+        # Get terminal contents and delete file.
+        pastebinfile.seek(0)
+        sessionlog = pastebinfile.read()
+        pastebinfile.close()
+        del config.stash[pastebinfile_key]
+        # Undo our patching in the terminal reporter.
+        tr = config.pluginmanager.getplugin("terminalreporter")
+        del tr._tw.__dict__["write"]
+        # Write summary.
+        tr.write_sep("=", "Sending information to Paste Service")
+        pastebinurl = create_new_paste(sessionlog)
+        tr.write_line(f"pastebin session-log: {pastebinurl}\n")
+
+
+def create_new_paste(contents: str | bytes) -> str:
+    """Create a new paste using the bpaste.net service.
+
+    :contents: Paste contents string.
+    :returns: URL to the pasted contents, or an error message.
+    """
+    import re
+    from urllib.parse import urlencode
+    from urllib.request import urlopen
+
+    params = {"code": contents, "lexer": "text", "expiry": "1week"}
+    url = "https://bpa.st"
+    try:
+        response: str = (
+            urlopen(url, data=urlencode(params).encode("ascii")).read().decode("utf-8")
+        )
+    except OSError as exc_info:  # urllib errors
+        return f"bad response: {exc_info}"
+    m = re.search(r'href="/raw/(\w+)"', response)
+    if m:
+        return f"{url}/show/{m.group(1)}"
+    else:
+        return "bad response: invalid format ('" + response + "')"
+
+
+def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter: TerminalReporter) -> None:
+    if terminalreporter.config.option.pastebin != "failed":
+        return
+    if "failed" in terminalreporter.stats:
+        terminalreporter.write_sep("=", "Sending information to Paste Service")
+        for rep in terminalreporter.stats["failed"]:
+            try:
+                msg = rep.longrepr.reprtraceback.reprentries[-1].reprfileloc
+            except AttributeError:
+                msg = terminalreporter._getfailureheadline(rep)
+            file = StringIO()
+            tw = create_terminal_writer(terminalreporter.config, file)
+            rep.toterminal(tw)
+            s = file.getvalue()
+            assert len(s)
+            pastebinurl = create_new_paste(s)
+            terminalreporter.write_line(f"{msg} --> {pastebinurl}")

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/pathlib.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1038 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import atexit
+import contextlib
+from enum import Enum
+from errno import EBADF
+from errno import ELOOP
+from errno import ENOENT
+from errno import ENOTDIR
+import fnmatch
+from functools import partial
+from importlib.machinery import ModuleSpec
+from importlib.machinery import PathFinder
+import importlib.util
+import itertools
+import os
+from os.path import expanduser
+from os.path import expandvars
+from os.path import isabs
+from os.path import sep
+from pathlib import Path
+from pathlib import PurePath
+from posixpath import sep as posix_sep
+import shutil
+import sys
+import types
+from types import ModuleType
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Iterator
+from typing import TypeVar
+import uuid
+import warnings
+
+from _pytest.compat import assert_never
+from _pytest.outcomes import skip
+from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
+
+
+if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    from importlib._bootstrap_external import _NamespaceLoader as NamespaceLoader
+else:
+    from importlib.machinery import NamespaceLoader
+
+LOCK_TIMEOUT = 60 * 60 * 24 * 3
+
+_AnyPurePath = TypeVar("_AnyPurePath", bound=PurePath)
+
+# The following function, variables and comments were
+# copied from cpython 3.9 Lib/pathlib.py file.
+
+# EBADF - guard against macOS `stat` throwing EBADF
+_IGNORED_ERRORS = (ENOENT, ENOTDIR, EBADF, ELOOP)
+
+_IGNORED_WINERRORS = (
+    21,  # ERROR_NOT_READY - drive exists but is not accessible
+    1921,  # ERROR_CANT_RESOLVE_FILENAME - fix for broken symlink pointing to itself
+)
+
+
+def _ignore_error(exception: Exception) -> bool:
+    return (
+        getattr(exception, "errno", None) in _IGNORED_ERRORS
+        or getattr(exception, "winerror", None) in _IGNORED_WINERRORS
+    )
+
+
+def get_lock_path(path: _AnyPurePath) -> _AnyPurePath:
+    return path.joinpath(".lock")
+
+
+def on_rm_rf_error(
+    func: Callable[..., Any] | None,
+    path: str,
+    excinfo: BaseException
+    | tuple[type[BaseException], BaseException, types.TracebackType | None],
+    *,
+    start_path: Path,
+) -> bool:
+    """Handle known read-only errors during rmtree.
+
+    The returned value is used only by our own tests.
+    """
+    if isinstance(excinfo, BaseException):
+        exc = excinfo
+    else:
+        exc = excinfo[1]
+
+    # Another process removed the file in the middle of the "rm_rf" (xdist for example).
+    # More context: https://github.com/pytest-dev/pytest/issues/5974#issuecomment-543799018
+    if isinstance(exc, FileNotFoundError):
+        return False
+
+    if not isinstance(exc, PermissionError):
+        warnings.warn(
+            PytestWarning(f"(rm_rf) error removing {path}\n{type(exc)}: {exc}")
+        )
+        return False
+
+    if func not in (os.rmdir, os.remove, os.unlink):
+        if func not in (os.open,):
+            warnings.warn(
+                PytestWarning(
+                    f"(rm_rf) unknown function {func} when removing {path}:\n{type(exc)}: {exc}"
+                )
+            )
+        return False
+
+    # Chmod + retry.
+    import stat
+
+    def chmod_rw(p: str) -> None:
+        mode = os.stat(p).st_mode
+        os.chmod(p, mode | stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR)
+
+    # For files, we need to recursively go upwards in the directories to
+    # ensure they all are also writable.
+    p = Path(path)
+    if p.is_file():
+        for parent in p.parents:
+            chmod_rw(str(parent))
+            # Stop when we reach the original path passed to rm_rf.
+            if parent == start_path:
+                break
+    chmod_rw(str(path))
+
+    func(path)
+    return True
+
+
+def ensure_extended_length_path(path: Path) -> Path:
+    """Get the extended-length version of a path (Windows).
+
+    On Windows, by default, the maximum length of a path (MAX_PATH) is 260
+    characters, and operations on paths longer than that fail. But it is possible
+    to overcome this by converting the path to "extended-length" form before
+    performing the operation:
+    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/fileio/naming-a-file#maximum-path-length-limitation
+
+    On Windows, this function returns the extended-length absolute version of path.
+    On other platforms it returns path unchanged.
+    """
+    if sys.platform.startswith("win32"):
+        path = path.resolve()
+        path = Path(get_extended_length_path_str(str(path)))
+    return path
+
+
+def get_extended_length_path_str(path: str) -> str:
+    """Convert a path to a Windows extended length path."""
+    long_path_prefix = "\\\\?\\"
+    unc_long_path_prefix = "\\\\?\\UNC\\"
+    if path.startswith((long_path_prefix, unc_long_path_prefix)):
+        return path
+    # UNC
+    if path.startswith("\\\\"):
+        return unc_long_path_prefix + path[2:]
+    return long_path_prefix + path
+
+
+def rm_rf(path: Path) -> None:
+    """Remove the path contents recursively, even if some elements
+    are read-only."""
+    path = ensure_extended_length_path(path)
+    onerror = partial(on_rm_rf_error, start_path=path)
+    if sys.version_info >= (3, 12):
+        shutil.rmtree(str(path), onexc=onerror)
+    else:
+        shutil.rmtree(str(path), onerror=onerror)
+
+
+def find_prefixed(root: Path, prefix: str) -> Iterator[os.DirEntry[str]]:
+    """Find all elements in root that begin with the prefix, case-insensitive."""
+    l_prefix = prefix.lower()
+    for x in os.scandir(root):
+        if x.name.lower().startswith(l_prefix):
+            yield x
+
+
+def extract_suffixes(iter: Iterable[os.DirEntry[str]], prefix: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Return the parts of the paths following the prefix.
+
+    :param iter: Iterator over path names.
+    :param prefix: Expected prefix of the path names.
+    """
+    p_len = len(prefix)
+    for entry in iter:
+        yield entry.name[p_len:]
+
+
+def find_suffixes(root: Path, prefix: str) -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Combine find_prefixes and extract_suffixes."""
+    return extract_suffixes(find_prefixed(root, prefix), prefix)
+
+
+def parse_num(maybe_num: str) -> int:
+    """Parse number path suffixes, returns -1 on error."""
+    try:
+        return int(maybe_num)
+    except ValueError:
+        return -1
+
+
+def _force_symlink(root: Path, target: str | PurePath, link_to: str | Path) -> None:
+    """Helper to create the current symlink.
+
+    It's full of race conditions that are reasonably OK to ignore
+    for the context of best effort linking to the latest test run.
+
+    The presumption being that in case of much parallelism
+    the inaccuracy is going to be acceptable.
+    """
+    current_symlink = root.joinpath(target)
+    try:
+        current_symlink.unlink()
+    except OSError:
+        pass
+    try:
+        current_symlink.symlink_to(link_to)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+
+def make_numbered_dir(root: Path, prefix: str, mode: int = 0o700) -> Path:
+    """Create a directory with an increased number as suffix for the given prefix."""
+    for i in range(10):
+        # try up to 10 times to create the folder
+        max_existing = max(map(parse_num, find_suffixes(root, prefix)), default=-1)
+        new_number = max_existing + 1
+        new_path = root.joinpath(f"{prefix}{new_number}")
+        try:
+            new_path.mkdir(mode=mode)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+        else:
+            _force_symlink(root, prefix + "current", new_path)
+            return new_path
+    else:
+        raise OSError(
+            "could not create numbered dir with prefix "
+            f"{prefix} in {root} after 10 tries"
+        )
+
+
+def create_cleanup_lock(p: Path) -> Path:
+    """Create a lock to prevent premature folder cleanup."""
+    lock_path = get_lock_path(p)
+    try:
+        fd = os.open(str(lock_path), os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL, 0o644)
+    except FileExistsError as e:
+        raise OSError(f"cannot create lockfile in {p}") from e
+    else:
+        pid = os.getpid()
+        spid = str(pid).encode()
+        os.write(fd, spid)
+        os.close(fd)
+        if not lock_path.is_file():
+            raise OSError("lock path got renamed after successful creation")
+        return lock_path
+
+
+def register_cleanup_lock_removal(
+    lock_path: Path, register: Any = atexit.register
+) -> Any:
+    """Register a cleanup function for removing a lock, by default on atexit."""
+    pid = os.getpid()
+
+    def cleanup_on_exit(lock_path: Path = lock_path, original_pid: int = pid) -> None:
+        current_pid = os.getpid()
+        if current_pid != original_pid:
+            # fork
+            return
+        try:
+            lock_path.unlink()
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+    return register(cleanup_on_exit)
+
+
+def maybe_delete_a_numbered_dir(path: Path) -> None:
+    """Remove a numbered directory if its lock can be obtained and it does
+    not seem to be in use."""
+    path = ensure_extended_length_path(path)
+    lock_path = None
+    try:
+        lock_path = create_cleanup_lock(path)
+        parent = path.parent
+
+        garbage = parent.joinpath(f"garbage-{uuid.uuid4()}")
+        path.rename(garbage)
+        rm_rf(garbage)
+    except OSError:
+        #  known races:
+        #  * other process did a cleanup at the same time
+        #  * deletable folder was found
+        #  * process cwd (Windows)
+        return
+    finally:
+        # If we created the lock, ensure we remove it even if we failed
+        # to properly remove the numbered dir.
+        if lock_path is not None:
+            try:
+                lock_path.unlink()
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+
+
+def ensure_deletable(path: Path, consider_lock_dead_if_created_before: float) -> bool:
+    """Check if `path` is deletable based on whether the lock file is expired."""
+    if path.is_symlink():
+        return False
+    lock = get_lock_path(path)
+    try:
+        if not lock.is_file():
+            return True
+    except OSError:
+        # we might not have access to the lock file at all, in this case assume
+        # we don't have access to the entire directory (#7491).
+        return False
+    try:
+        lock_time = lock.stat().st_mtime
+    except Exception:
+        return False
+    else:
+        if lock_time < consider_lock_dead_if_created_before:
+            # We want to ignore any errors while trying to remove the lock such as:
+            # - PermissionDenied, like the file permissions have changed since the lock creation;
+            # - FileNotFoundError, in case another pytest process got here first;
+            # and any other cause of failure.
+            with contextlib.suppress(OSError):
+                lock.unlink()
+                return True
+        return False
+
+
+def try_cleanup(path: Path, consider_lock_dead_if_created_before: float) -> None:
+    """Try to cleanup a folder if we can ensure it's deletable."""
+    if ensure_deletable(path, consider_lock_dead_if_created_before):
+        maybe_delete_a_numbered_dir(path)
+
+
+def cleanup_candidates(root: Path, prefix: str, keep: int) -> Iterator[Path]:
+    """List candidates for numbered directories to be removed - follows py.path."""
+    max_existing = max(map(parse_num, find_suffixes(root, prefix)), default=-1)
+    max_delete = max_existing - keep
+    entries = find_prefixed(root, prefix)
+    entries, entries2 = itertools.tee(entries)
+    numbers = map(parse_num, extract_suffixes(entries2, prefix))
+    for entry, number in zip(entries, numbers):
+        if number <= max_delete:
+            yield Path(entry)
+
+
+def cleanup_dead_symlinks(root: Path) -> None:
+    for left_dir in root.iterdir():
+        if left_dir.is_symlink():
+            if not left_dir.resolve().exists():
+                left_dir.unlink()
+
+
+def cleanup_numbered_dir(
+    root: Path, prefix: str, keep: int, consider_lock_dead_if_created_before: float
+) -> None:
+    """Cleanup for lock driven numbered directories."""
+    if not root.exists():
+        return
+    for path in cleanup_candidates(root, prefix, keep):
+        try_cleanup(path, consider_lock_dead_if_created_before)
+    for path in root.glob("garbage-*"):
+        try_cleanup(path, consider_lock_dead_if_created_before)
+
+    cleanup_dead_symlinks(root)
+
+
+def make_numbered_dir_with_cleanup(
+    root: Path,
+    prefix: str,
+    keep: int,
+    lock_timeout: float,
+    mode: int,
+) -> Path:
+    """Create a numbered dir with a cleanup lock and remove old ones."""
+    e = None
+    for i in range(10):
+        try:
+            p = make_numbered_dir(root, prefix, mode)
+            # Only lock the current dir when keep is not 0
+            if keep != 0:
+                lock_path = create_cleanup_lock(p)
+                register_cleanup_lock_removal(lock_path)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            e = exc
+        else:
+            consider_lock_dead_if_created_before = p.stat().st_mtime - lock_timeout
+            # Register a cleanup for program exit
+            atexit.register(
+                cleanup_numbered_dir,
+                root,
+                prefix,
+                keep,
+                consider_lock_dead_if_created_before,
+            )
+            return p
+    assert e is not None
+    raise e
+
+
+def resolve_from_str(input: str, rootpath: Path) -> Path:
+    input = expanduser(input)
+    input = expandvars(input)
+    if isabs(input):
+        return Path(input)
+    else:
+        return rootpath.joinpath(input)
+
+
+def fnmatch_ex(pattern: str, path: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> bool:
+    """A port of FNMatcher from py.path.common which works with PurePath() instances.
+
+    The difference between this algorithm and PurePath.match() is that the
+    latter matches "**" glob expressions for each part of the path, while
+    this algorithm uses the whole path instead.
+
+    For example:
+        "tests/foo/bar/doc/test_foo.py" matches pattern "tests/**/doc/test*.py"
+        with this algorithm, but not with PurePath.match().
+
+    This algorithm was ported to keep backward-compatibility with existing
+    settings which assume paths match according this logic.
+
+    References:
+    * https://bugs.python.org/issue29249
+    * https://bugs.python.org/issue34731
+    """
+    path = PurePath(path)
+    iswin32 = sys.platform.startswith("win")
+
+    if iswin32 and sep not in pattern and posix_sep in pattern:
+        # Running on Windows, the pattern has no Windows path separators,
+        # and the pattern has one or more Posix path separators. Replace
+        # the Posix path separators with the Windows path separator.
+        pattern = pattern.replace(posix_sep, sep)
+
+    if sep not in pattern:
+        name = path.name
+    else:
+        name = str(path)
+        if path.is_absolute() and not os.path.isabs(pattern):
+            pattern = f"*{os.sep}{pattern}"
+    return fnmatch.fnmatch(name, pattern)
+
+
+def parts(s: str) -> set[str]:
+    parts = s.split(sep)
+    return {sep.join(parts[: i + 1]) or sep for i in range(len(parts))}
+
+
+def symlink_or_skip(
+    src: os.PathLike[str] | str,
+    dst: os.PathLike[str] | str,
+    **kwargs: Any,
+) -> None:
+    """Make a symlink, or skip the test in case symlinks are not supported."""
+    try:
+        os.symlink(src, dst, **kwargs)
+    except OSError as e:
+        skip(f"symlinks not supported: {e}")
+
+
+class ImportMode(Enum):
+    """Possible values for `mode` parameter of `import_path`."""
+
+    prepend = "prepend"
+    append = "append"
+    importlib = "importlib"
+
+
+class ImportPathMismatchError(ImportError):
+    """Raised on import_path() if there is a mismatch of __file__'s.
+
+    This can happen when `import_path` is called multiple times with different filenames that has
+    the same basename but reside in packages
+    (for example "/tests1/test_foo.py" and "/tests2/test_foo.py").
+    """
+
+
+def import_path(
+    path: str | os.PathLike[str],
+    *,
+    mode: str | ImportMode = ImportMode.prepend,
+    root: Path,
+    consider_namespace_packages: bool,
+) -> ModuleType:
+    """
+    Import and return a module from the given path, which can be a file (a module) or
+    a directory (a package).
+
+    :param path:
+        Path to the file to import.
+
+    :param mode:
+        Controls the underlying import mechanism that will be used:
+
+        * ImportMode.prepend: the directory containing the module (or package, taking
+          `__init__.py` files into account) will be put at the *start* of `sys.path` before
+          being imported with `importlib.import_module`.
+
+        * ImportMode.append: same as `prepend`, but the directory will be appended
+          to the end of `sys.path`, if not already in `sys.path`.
+
+        * ImportMode.importlib: uses more fine control mechanisms provided by `importlib`
+          to import the module, which avoids having to muck with `sys.path` at all. It effectively
+          allows having same-named test modules in different places.
+
+    :param root:
+        Used as an anchor when mode == ImportMode.importlib to obtain
+        a unique name for the module being imported so it can safely be stored
+        into ``sys.modules``.
+
+    :param consider_namespace_packages:
+        If True, consider namespace packages when resolving module names.
+
+    :raises ImportPathMismatchError:
+        If after importing the given `path` and the module `__file__`
+        are different. Only raised in `prepend` and `append` modes.
+    """
+    path = Path(path)
+    mode = ImportMode(mode)
+
+    if not path.exists():
+        raise ImportError(path)
+
+    if mode is ImportMode.importlib:
+        # Try to import this module using the standard import mechanisms, but
+        # without touching sys.path.
+        try:
+            pkg_root, module_name = resolve_pkg_root_and_module_name(
+                path, consider_namespace_packages=consider_namespace_packages
+            )
+        except CouldNotResolvePathError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            # If the given module name is already in sys.modules, do not import it again.
+            with contextlib.suppress(KeyError):
+                return sys.modules[module_name]
+
+            mod = _import_module_using_spec(
+                module_name, path, pkg_root, insert_modules=False
+            )
+            if mod is not None:
+                return mod
+
+        # Could not import the module with the current sys.path, so we fall back
+        # to importing the file as a single module, not being a part of a package.
+        module_name = module_name_from_path(path, root)
+        with contextlib.suppress(KeyError):
+            return sys.modules[module_name]
+
+        mod = _import_module_using_spec(
+            module_name, path, path.parent, insert_modules=True
+        )
+        if mod is None:
+            raise ImportError(f"Can't find module {module_name} at location {path}")
+        return mod
+
+    try:
+        pkg_root, module_name = resolve_pkg_root_and_module_name(
+            path, consider_namespace_packages=consider_namespace_packages
+        )
+    except CouldNotResolvePathError:
+        pkg_root, module_name = path.parent, path.stem
+
+    # Change sys.path permanently: restoring it at the end of this function would cause surprising
+    # problems because of delayed imports: for example, a conftest.py file imported by this function
+    # might have local imports, which would fail at runtime if we restored sys.path.
+    if mode is ImportMode.append:
+        if str(pkg_root) not in sys.path:
+            sys.path.append(str(pkg_root))
+    elif mode is ImportMode.prepend:
+        if str(pkg_root) != sys.path[0]:
+            sys.path.insert(0, str(pkg_root))
+    else:
+        assert_never(mode)
+
+    importlib.import_module(module_name)
+
+    mod = sys.modules[module_name]
+    if path.name == "__init__.py":
+        return mod
+
+    ignore = os.environ.get("PY_IGNORE_IMPORTMISMATCH", "")
+    if ignore != "1":
+        module_file = mod.__file__
+        if module_file is None:
+            raise ImportPathMismatchError(module_name, module_file, path)
+
+        if module_file.endswith((".pyc", ".pyo")):
+            module_file = module_file[:-1]
+        if module_file.endswith(os.sep + "__init__.py"):
+            module_file = module_file[: -(len(os.sep + "__init__.py"))]
+
+        try:
+            is_same = _is_same(str(path), module_file)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            is_same = False
+
+        if not is_same:
+            raise ImportPathMismatchError(module_name, module_file, path)
+
+    return mod
+
+
+def _import_module_using_spec(
+    module_name: str, module_path: Path, module_location: Path, *, insert_modules: bool
+) -> ModuleType | None:
+    """
+    Tries to import a module by its canonical name, path, and its parent location.
+
+    :param module_name:
+        The expected module name, will become the key of `sys.modules`.
+
+    :param module_path:
+        The file path of the module, for example `/foo/bar/test_demo.py`.
+        If module is a package, pass the path to the  `__init__.py` of the package.
+        If module is a namespace package, pass directory path.
+
+    :param module_location:
+        The parent location of the module.
+        If module is a package, pass the directory containing the `__init__.py` file.
+
+    :param insert_modules:
+        If True, will call `insert_missing_modules` to create empty intermediate modules
+        with made-up module names (when importing test files not reachable from `sys.path`).
+
+    Example 1 of parent_module_*:
+
+        module_name:        "a.b.c.demo"
+        module_path:        Path("a/b/c/demo.py")
+        module_location:    Path("a/b/c/")
+        if "a.b.c" is package ("a/b/c/__init__.py" exists), then
+            parent_module_name:         "a.b.c"
+            parent_module_path:         Path("a/b/c/__init__.py")
+            parent_module_location:     Path("a/b/c/")
+        else:
+            parent_module_name:         "a.b.c"
+            parent_module_path:         Path("a/b/c")
+            parent_module_location:     Path("a/b/")
+
+    Example 2 of parent_module_*:
+
+        module_name:        "a.b.c"
+        module_path:        Path("a/b/c/__init__.py")
+        module_location:    Path("a/b/c/")
+        if  "a.b" is package ("a/b/__init__.py" exists), then
+            parent_module_name:         "a.b"
+            parent_module_path:         Path("a/b/__init__.py")
+            parent_module_location:     Path("a/b/")
+        else:
+            parent_module_name:         "a.b"
+            parent_module_path:         Path("a/b/")
+            parent_module_location:     Path("a/")
+    """
+    # Attempt to import the parent module, seems is our responsibility:
+    # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/73906d5c908c1e0b73c5436faeff7d93698fc074/Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py#L1308-L1311
+    parent_module_name, _, name = module_name.rpartition(".")
+    parent_module: ModuleType | None = None
+    if parent_module_name:
+        parent_module = sys.modules.get(parent_module_name)
+        if parent_module is None:
+            # Get parent_location based on location, get parent_path based on path.
+            if module_path.name == "__init__.py":
+                # If the current module is in a package,
+                # need to leave the package first and then enter the parent module.
+                parent_module_path = module_path.parent.parent
+            else:
+                parent_module_path = module_path.parent
+
+            if (parent_module_path / "__init__.py").is_file():
+                # If the parent module is a package, loading by  __init__.py file.
+                parent_module_path = parent_module_path / "__init__.py"
+
+            parent_module = _import_module_using_spec(
+                parent_module_name,
+                parent_module_path,
+                parent_module_path.parent,
+                insert_modules=insert_modules,
+            )
+
+    # Checking with sys.meta_path first in case one of its hooks can import this module,
+    # such as our own assertion-rewrite hook.
+    for meta_importer in sys.meta_path:
+        spec = meta_importer.find_spec(
+            module_name, [str(module_location), str(module_path)]
+        )
+        if spec_matches_module_path(spec, module_path):
+            break
+    else:
+        loader = None
+        if module_path.is_dir():
+            # The `spec_from_file_location` matches a loader based on the file extension by default.
+            # For a namespace package, need to manually specify a loader.
+            loader = NamespaceLoader(name, module_path, PathFinder())
+
+        spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
+            module_name, str(module_path), loader=loader
+        )
+
+    if spec_matches_module_path(spec, module_path):
+        assert spec is not None
+        # Find spec and import this module.
+        mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        sys.modules[module_name] = mod
+        spec.loader.exec_module(mod)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+
+        # Set this module as an attribute of the parent module (#12194).
+        if parent_module is not None:
+            setattr(parent_module, name, mod)
+
+        if insert_modules:
+            insert_missing_modules(sys.modules, module_name)
+        return mod
+
+    return None
+
+
+def spec_matches_module_path(module_spec: ModuleSpec | None, module_path: Path) -> bool:
+    """Return true if the given ModuleSpec can be used to import the given module path."""
+    if module_spec is None:
+        return False
+
+    if module_spec.origin:
+        return Path(module_spec.origin) == module_path
+
+    # Compare the path with the `module_spec.submodule_Search_Locations` in case
+    # the module is part of a namespace package.
+    # https://docs.python.org/3/library/importlib.html#importlib.machinery.ModuleSpec.submodule_search_locations
+    if module_spec.submodule_search_locations:  # can be None.
+        for path in module_spec.submodule_search_locations:
+            if Path(path) == module_path:
+                return True
+
+    return False
+
+
+# Implement a special _is_same function on Windows which returns True if the two filenames
+# compare equal, to circumvent os.path.samefile returning False for mounts in UNC (#7678).
+if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
+
+    def _is_same(f1: str, f2: str) -> bool:
+        return Path(f1) == Path(f2) or os.path.samefile(f1, f2)
+
+else:
+
+    def _is_same(f1: str, f2: str) -> bool:
+        return os.path.samefile(f1, f2)
+
+
+def module_name_from_path(path: Path, root: Path) -> str:
+    """
+    Return a dotted module name based on the given path, anchored on root.
+
+    For example: path="projects/src/tests/test_foo.py" and root="/projects", the
+    resulting module name will be "src.tests.test_foo".
+    """
+    path = path.with_suffix("")
+    try:
+        relative_path = path.relative_to(root)
+    except ValueError:
+        # If we can't get a relative path to root, use the full path, except
+        # for the first part ("d:\\" or "/" depending on the platform, for example).
+        path_parts = path.parts[1:]
+    else:
+        # Use the parts for the relative path to the root path.
+        path_parts = relative_path.parts
+
+    # Module name for packages do not contain the __init__ file, unless
+    # the `__init__.py` file is at the root.
+    if len(path_parts) >= 2 and path_parts[-1] == "__init__":
+        path_parts = path_parts[:-1]
+
+    # Module names cannot contain ".", normalize them to "_". This prevents
+    # a directory having a "." in the name (".env.310" for example) causing extra intermediate modules.
+    # Also, important to replace "." at the start of paths, as those are considered relative imports.
+    path_parts = tuple(x.replace(".", "_") for x in path_parts)
+
+    return ".".join(path_parts)
+
+
+def insert_missing_modules(modules: dict[str, ModuleType], module_name: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Used by ``import_path`` to create intermediate modules when using mode=importlib.
+
+    When we want to import a module as "src.tests.test_foo" for example, we need
+    to create empty modules "src" and "src.tests" after inserting "src.tests.test_foo",
+    otherwise "src.tests.test_foo" is not importable by ``__import__``.
+    """
+    module_parts = module_name.split(".")
+    while module_name:
+        parent_module_name, _, child_name = module_name.rpartition(".")
+        if parent_module_name:
+            parent_module = modules.get(parent_module_name)
+            if parent_module is None:
+                try:
+                    # If sys.meta_path is empty, calling import_module will issue
+                    # a warning and raise ModuleNotFoundError. To avoid the
+                    # warning, we check sys.meta_path explicitly and raise the error
+                    # ourselves to fall back to creating a dummy module.
+                    if not sys.meta_path:
+                        raise ModuleNotFoundError
+                    parent_module = importlib.import_module(parent_module_name)
+                except ModuleNotFoundError:
+                    parent_module = ModuleType(
+                        module_name,
+                        doc="Empty module created by pytest's importmode=importlib.",
+                    )
+                modules[parent_module_name] = parent_module
+
+            # Add child attribute to the parent that can reference the child
+            # modules.
+            if not hasattr(parent_module, child_name):
+                setattr(parent_module, child_name, modules[module_name])
+
+        module_parts.pop(-1)
+        module_name = ".".join(module_parts)
+
+
+def resolve_package_path(path: Path) -> Path | None:
+    """Return the Python package path by looking for the last
+    directory upwards which still contains an __init__.py.
+
+    Returns None if it cannot be determined.
+    """
+    result = None
+    for parent in itertools.chain((path,), path.parents):
+        if parent.is_dir():
+            if not (parent / "__init__.py").is_file():
+                break
+            if not parent.name.isidentifier():
+                break
+            result = parent
+    return result
+
+
+def resolve_pkg_root_and_module_name(
+    path: Path, *, consider_namespace_packages: bool = False
+) -> tuple[Path, str]:
+    """
+    Return the path to the directory of the root package that contains the
+    given Python file, and its module name:
+
+        src/
+            app/
+                __init__.py
+                core/
+                    __init__.py
+                    models.py
+
+    Passing the full path to `models.py` will yield Path("src") and "app.core.models".
+
+    If consider_namespace_packages is True, then we additionally check upwards in the hierarchy
+    for namespace packages:
+
+    https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/packaging-namespace-packages
+
+    Raises CouldNotResolvePathError if the given path does not belong to a package (missing any __init__.py files).
+    """
+    pkg_root: Path | None = None
+    pkg_path = resolve_package_path(path)
+    if pkg_path is not None:
+        pkg_root = pkg_path.parent
+    if consider_namespace_packages:
+        start = pkg_root if pkg_root is not None else path.parent
+        for candidate in (start, *start.parents):
+            module_name = compute_module_name(candidate, path)
+            if module_name and is_importable(module_name, path):
+                # Point the pkg_root to the root of the namespace package.
+                pkg_root = candidate
+                break
+
+    if pkg_root is not None:
+        module_name = compute_module_name(pkg_root, path)
+        if module_name:
+            return pkg_root, module_name
+
+    raise CouldNotResolvePathError(f"Could not resolve for {path}")
+
+
+def is_importable(module_name: str, module_path: Path) -> bool:
+    """
+    Return if the given module path could be imported normally by Python, akin to the user
+    entering the REPL and importing the corresponding module name directly, and corresponds
+    to the module_path specified.
+
+    :param module_name:
+        Full module name that we want to check if is importable.
+        For example, "app.models".
+
+    :param module_path:
+        Full path to the python module/package we want to check if is importable.
+        For example, "/projects/src/app/models.py".
+    """
+    try:
+        # Note this is different from what we do in ``_import_module_using_spec``, where we explicitly search through
+        # sys.meta_path to be able to pass the path of the module that we want to import (``meta_importer.find_spec``).
+        # Using importlib.util.find_spec() is different, it gives the same results as trying to import
+        # the module normally in the REPL.
+        spec = importlib.util.find_spec(module_name)
+    except (ImportError, ValueError, ImportWarning):
+        return False
+    else:
+        return spec_matches_module_path(spec, module_path)
+
+
+def compute_module_name(root: Path, module_path: Path) -> str | None:
+    """Compute a module name based on a path and a root anchor."""
+    try:
+        path_without_suffix = module_path.with_suffix("")
+    except ValueError:
+        # Empty paths (such as Path.cwd()) might break meta_path hooks (like our own assertion rewriter).
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        relative = path_without_suffix.relative_to(root)
+    except ValueError:  # pragma: no cover
+        return None
+    names = list(relative.parts)
+    if not names:
+        return None
+    if names[-1] == "__init__":
+        names.pop()
+    return ".".join(names)
+
+
+class CouldNotResolvePathError(Exception):
+    """Custom exception raised by resolve_pkg_root_and_module_name."""
+
+
+def scandir(
+    path: str | os.PathLike[str],
+    sort_key: Callable[[os.DirEntry[str]], object] = lambda entry: entry.name,
+) -> list[os.DirEntry[str]]:
+    """Scan a directory recursively, in breadth-first order.
+
+    The returned entries are sorted according to the given key.
+    The default is to sort by name.
+    """
+    entries = []
+    with os.scandir(path) as s:
+        # Skip entries with symlink loops and other brokenness, so the caller
+        # doesn't have to deal with it.
+        for entry in s:
+            try:
+                entry.is_file()
+            except OSError as err:
+                if _ignore_error(err):
+                    continue
+                raise
+            entries.append(entry)
+    entries.sort(key=sort_key)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    return entries
+
+
+def visit(
+    path: str | os.PathLike[str], recurse: Callable[[os.DirEntry[str]], bool]
+) -> Iterator[os.DirEntry[str]]:
+    """Walk a directory recursively, in breadth-first order.
+
+    The `recurse` predicate determines whether a directory is recursed.
+
+    Entries at each directory level are sorted.
+    """
+    entries = scandir(path)
+    yield from entries
+    for entry in entries:
+        if entry.is_dir() and recurse(entry):
+            yield from visit(entry.path, recurse)
+
+
+def absolutepath(path: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> Path:
+    """Convert a path to an absolute path using os.path.abspath.
+
+    Prefer this over Path.resolve() (see #6523).
+    Prefer this over Path.absolute() (not public, doesn't normalize).
+    """
+    return Path(os.path.abspath(path))
+
+
+def commonpath(path1: Path, path2: Path) -> Path | None:
+    """Return the common part shared with the other path, or None if there is
+    no common part.
+
+    If one path is relative and one is absolute, returns None.
+    """
+    try:
+        return Path(os.path.commonpath((str(path1), str(path2))))
+    except ValueError:
+        return None
+
+
+def bestrelpath(directory: Path, dest: Path) -> str:
+    """Return a string which is a relative path from directory to dest such
+    that directory/bestrelpath == dest.
+
+    The paths must be either both absolute or both relative.
+
+    If no such path can be determined, returns dest.
+    """
+    assert isinstance(directory, Path)
+    assert isinstance(dest, Path)
+    if dest == directory:
+        return os.curdir
+    # Find the longest common directory.
+    base = commonpath(directory, dest)
+    # Can be the case on Windows for two absolute paths on different drives.
+    # Can be the case for two relative paths without common prefix.
+    # Can be the case for a relative path and an absolute path.
+    if not base:
+        return str(dest)
+    reldirectory = directory.relative_to(base)
+    reldest = dest.relative_to(base)
+    return os.path.join(
+        # Back from directory to base.
+        *([os.pardir] * len(reldirectory.parts)),
+        # Forward from base to dest.
+        *reldest.parts,
+    )
+
+
+def safe_exists(p: Path) -> bool:
+    """Like Path.exists(), but account for input arguments that might be too long (#11394)."""
+    try:
+        return p.exists()
+    except (ValueError, OSError):
+        # ValueError: stat: path too long for Windows
+        # OSError: [WinError 123] The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect
+        return False

.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/_pytest/pytester.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1766 @@
+# mypy: allow-untyped-defs
+"""(Disabled by default) support for testing pytest and pytest plugins.
+
+PYTEST_DONT_REWRITE
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import collections.abc
+import contextlib
+from fnmatch import fnmatch
+import gc
+import importlib
+from io import StringIO
+import locale
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import platform
+import re
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import traceback
+from typing import Any
+from typing import Callable
+from typing import Final
+from typing import final
+from typing import Generator
+from typing import IO
+from typing import Iterable
+from typing import Literal
+from typing import overload
+from typing import Sequence
+from typing import TextIO
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from weakref import WeakKeyDictionary
+
+from iniconfig import IniConfig
+from iniconfig import SectionWrapper
+
+from _pytest import timing
+from _pytest._code import Source
+from _pytest.capture import _get_multicapture
+from _pytest.compat import NOTSET
+from _pytest.compat import NotSetType
+from _pytest.config import _PluggyPlugin
+from _pytest.config import Config
+from _pytest.config import ExitCode
+from _pytest.config import hookimpl
+from _pytest.config import main
+from _pytest.config import PytestPluginManager
+from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
+from _pytest.deprecated import check_ispytest
+from _pytest.fixtures import fixture
+from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureRequest
+from _pytest.main import Session
+from _pytest.monkeypatch import MonkeyPatch
+from _pytest.nodes import Collector
+from _pytest.nodes import Item
+from _pytest.outcomes import fail
+from _pytest.outcomes import importorskip
+from _pytest.outcomes import skip
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
+from _pytest.pathlib import make_numbered_dir
+from _pytest.reports import CollectReport
+from _pytest.reports import TestReport
+from _pytest.tmpdir import TempPathFactory
+from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import pexpect
+
+
+pytest_plugins = ["pytester_assertions"]
+
+
+IGNORE_PAM = [  # filenames added when obtaining details about the current user
+    "/var/lib/sss/mc/passwd"
+]
+
+
+def pytest_addoption(parser: Parser) -> None:
+    parser.addoption(
+        "--lsof",
+        action="store_true",
+        dest="lsof",
+        default=False,
+        help="Run FD checks if lsof is available",
+    )
+
+    parser.addoption(
+        "--runpytest",
+        default="inprocess",
+        dest="runpytest",
+        choices=("inprocess", "subprocess"),
+        help=(
+            "Run pytest sub runs in tests using an 'inprocess' "
+            "or 'subprocess' (python -m main) method"
+        ),
+    )
+
+    parser.addini(
+        "pytester_example_dir", help="Directory to take the pytester example files from"
+    )
+
+
+def pytest_configure(config: Config) -> None:
+    if config.getvalue("lsof"):
+        checker = LsofFdLeakChecker()
+        if checker.matching_platform():
+            config.pluginmanager.register(checker)
+
+    config.addinivalue_line(
+        "markers",
+        "pytester_example_path(*path_segments): join the given path "
+        "segments to `pytester_example_dir` for this test.",
+    )
+
+
+class LsofFdLeakChecker:
+    def get_open_files(self) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
+        if sys.version_info >= (3, 11):
+            # New in Python 3.11, ignores utf-8 mode
+            encoding = locale.getencoding()
+        else:
+            encoding = locale.getpreferredencoding(False)
+        out = subprocess.run(
+            ("lsof", "-Ffn0", "-p", str(os.getpid())),
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=True,
+            text=True,
+            encoding=encoding,
+        ).stdout
+
+        def isopen(line: str) -> bool:
+            return line.startswith("f") and (
+                "deleted" not in line
+                and "mem" not in line
+                and "txt" not in line
+                and "cwd" not in line
+            )
+
+        open_files = []
+
+        for line in out.split("\n"):
+            if isopen(line):
+                fields = line.split("\0")
+                fd = fields[0][1:]
+                filename = fields[1][1:]
+                if filename in IGNORE_PAM:
+                    continue
+                if filename.startswith("/"):
+                    open_files.append((fd, filename))
+
+        return open_files
+
+    def matching_platform(self) -> bool:
+        try:
+            subprocess.run(("lsof", "-v"), check=True)
+        except (OSError, subprocess.CalledProcessError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    @hookimpl(wrapper=True, tryfirst=True)
+    def pytest_runtest_protocol(self, item: Item) -> Generator[None, object, object]:
+        lines1 = self.get_open_files()
+        try:
+            return (yield)
+        finally:
+            if hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info"):
+                gc.collect()
+            lines2 = self.get_open_files()
+
+            new_fds = {t[0] for t in lines2} - {t[0] for t in lines1}
+            leaked_files = [t for t in lines2 if t[0] in new_fds]
+            if leaked_files:
+                error = [
+                    f"***** {len(leaked_files)} FD leakage detected",
+                    *(str(f) for f in leaked_files),
+                    "*** Before:",
+                    *(str(f) for f in lines1),
+                    "*** After:",
+                    *(str(f) for f in lines2),
+                    f"***** {len(leaked_files)} FD leakage detected",
+                    "*** function {}:{}: {} ".format(*item.location),
+                    "See issue #2366",
+                ]
+                item.warn(PytestWarning("\n".join(error)))
+
+
+# used at least by pytest-xdist plugin
+
+
+@fixture
+def _pytest(request: FixtureRequest) -> PytestArg:
+    """Return a helper which offers a gethookrecorder(hook) method which
+    returns a HookRecorder instance which helps to make assertions about called
+    hooks."""
+    return PytestArg(request)
+
+
+class PytestArg:
+    def __init__(self, request: FixtureRequest) -> None:
+        self._request = request
+
+    def gethookrecorder(self, hook) -> HookRecorder:
+        hookrecorder = HookRecorder(hook._pm)
+        self._request.addfinalizer(hookrecorder.finish_recording)
+        return hookrecorder
+
+
+def get_public_names(values: Iterable[str]) -> list[str]:
+    """Only return names from iterator values without a leading underscore."""
+    return [x for x in values if x[0] != "_"]
+
+
+@final
+class RecordedHookCall:
+    """A recorded call to a hook.
+
+    The arguments to the hook call are set as attributes.
+    For example:
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        calls = hook_recorder.getcalls("pytest_runtest_setup")
+        # Suppose pytest_runtest_setup was called once with `item=an_item`.
+        assert calls[0].item is an_item
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str, kwargs) -> None:
+        self.__dict__.update(kwargs)
+        self._name = name
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        d = self.__dict__.copy()
+        del d["_name"]
+        return f"<RecordedHookCall {self._name!r}(**{d!r})>"
+
+    if TYPE_CHECKING:
+        # The class has undetermined attributes, this tells mypy about it.
+        def __getattr__(self, key: str): ...
+
+
+@final
+class HookRecorder:
+    """Record all hooks called in a plugin manager.
+
+    Hook recorders are created by :class:`Pytester`.
+
+    This wraps all the hook calls in the plugin manager, recording each call
+    before propagating the normal calls.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self, pluginmanager: PytestPluginManager, *, _ispytest: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+
+        self._pluginmanager = pluginmanager
+        self.calls: list[RecordedHookCall] = []
+        self.ret: int | ExitCode | None = None
+
+        def before(hook_name: str, hook_impls, kwargs) -> None:
+            self.calls.append(RecordedHookCall(hook_name, kwargs))
+
+        def after(outcome, hook_name: str, hook_impls, kwargs) -> None:
+            pass
+
+        self._undo_wrapping = pluginmanager.add_hookcall_monitoring(before, after)
+
+    def finish_recording(self) -> None:
+        self._undo_wrapping()
+
+    def getcalls(self, names: str | Iterable[str]) -> list[RecordedHookCall]:
+        """Get all recorded calls to hooks with the given names (or name)."""
+        if isinstance(names, str):
+            names = names.split()
+        return [call for call in self.calls if call._name in names]
+
+    def assert_contains(self, entries: Sequence[tuple[str, str]]) -> None:
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        i = 0
+        entries = list(entries)
+        # Since Python 3.13, f_locals is not a dict, but eval requires a dict.
+        backlocals = dict(sys._getframe(1).f_locals)
+        while entries:
+            name, check = entries.pop(0)
+            for ind, call in enumerate(self.calls[i:]):
+                if call._name == name:
+                    print("NAMEMATCH", name, call)
+                    if eval(check, backlocals, call.__dict__):
+                        print("CHECKERMATCH", repr(check), "->", call)
+                    else:
+                        print("NOCHECKERMATCH", repr(check), "-", call)
+                        continue
+                    i += ind + 1
+                    break
+                print("NONAMEMATCH", name, "with", call)
+            else:
+                fail(f"could not find {name!r} check {check!r}")
+
+    def popcall(self, name: str) -> RecordedHookCall:
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        for i, call in enumerate(self.calls):
+            if call._name == name:
+                del self.calls[i]
+                return call
+        lines = [f"could not find call {name!r}, in:"]
+        lines.extend([f"  {x}" for x in self.calls])
+        fail("\n".join(lines))
+
+    def getcall(self, name: str) -> RecordedHookCall:
+        values = self.getcalls(name)
+        assert len(values) == 1, (name, values)
+        return values[0]
+
+    # functionality for test reports
+
+    @overload
+    def getreports(
+        self,
+        names: Literal["pytest_collectreport"],
+    ) -> Sequence[CollectReport]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def getreports(
+        self,
+        names: Literal["pytest_runtest_logreport"],
+    ) -> Sequence[TestReport]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def getreports(
+        self,
+        names: str | Iterable[str] = (
+            "pytest_collectreport",
+            "pytest_runtest_logreport",
+        ),
+    ) -> Sequence[CollectReport | TestReport]: ...
+
+    def getreports(
+        self,
+        names: str | Iterable[str] = (
+            "pytest_collectreport",
+            "pytest_runtest_logreport",
+        ),
+    ) -> Sequence[CollectReport | TestReport]:
+        return [x.report for x in self.getcalls(names)]
+
+    def matchreport(
+        self,
+        inamepart: str = "",
+        names: str | Iterable[str] = (
+            "pytest_runtest_logreport",
+            "pytest_collectreport",
+        ),
+        when: str | None = None,
+    ) -> CollectReport | TestReport:
+        """Return a testreport whose dotted import path matches."""
+        values = []
+        for rep in self.getreports(names=names):
+            if not when and rep.when != "call" and rep.passed:
+                # setup/teardown passing reports - let's ignore those
+                continue
+            if when and rep.when != when:
+                continue
+            if not inamepart or inamepart in rep.nodeid.split("::"):
+                values.append(rep)
+        if not values:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"could not find test report matching {inamepart!r}: "
+                "no test reports at all!"
+            )
+        if len(values) > 1:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"found 2 or more testreports matching {inamepart!r}: {values}"
+            )
+        return values[0]
+
+    @overload
+    def getfailures(
+        self,
+        names: Literal["pytest_collectreport"],
+    ) -> Sequence[CollectReport]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def getfailures(
+        self,
+        names: Literal["pytest_runtest_logreport"],
+    ) -> Sequence[TestReport]: ...
+
+    @overload
+    def getfailures(
+        self,
+        names: str | Iterable[str] = (
+            "pytest_collectreport",
+            "pytest_runtest_logreport",
+        ),
+    ) -> Sequence[CollectReport | TestReport]: ...
+
+    def getfailures(
+        self,
+        names: str | Iterable[str] = (
+            "pytest_collectreport",
+            "pytest_runtest_logreport",
+        ),
+    ) -> Sequence[CollectReport | TestReport]:
+        return [rep for rep in self.getreports(names) if rep.failed]
+
+    def getfailedcollections(self) -> Sequence[CollectReport]:
+        return self.getfailures("pytest_collectreport")
+
+    def listoutcomes(
+        self,
+    ) -> tuple[
+        Sequence[TestReport],
+        Sequence[CollectReport | TestReport],
+        Sequence[CollectReport | TestReport],
+    ]:
+        passed = []
+        skipped = []
+        failed = []
+        for rep in self.getreports(
+            ("pytest_collectreport", "pytest_runtest_logreport")
+        ):
+            if rep.passed:
+                if rep.when == "call":
+                    assert isinstance(rep, TestReport)
+                    passed.append(rep)
+            elif rep.skipped:
+                skipped.append(rep)
+            else:
+                assert rep.failed, f"Unexpected outcome: {rep!r}"
+                failed.append(rep)
+        return passed, skipped, failed
+
+    def countoutcomes(self) -> list[int]:
+        return [len(x) for x in self.listoutcomes()]
+
+    def assertoutcome(self, passed: int = 0, skipped: int = 0, failed: int = 0) -> None:
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        from _pytest.pytester_assertions import assertoutcome
+
+        outcomes = self.listoutcomes()
+        assertoutcome(
+            outcomes,
+            passed=passed,
+            skipped=skipped,
+            failed=failed,
+        )
+
+    def clear(self) -> None:
+        self.calls[:] = []
+
+
+@fixture
+def linecomp() -> LineComp:
+    """A :class: `LineComp` instance for checking that an input linearly
+    contains a sequence of strings."""
+    return LineComp()
+
+
+@fixture(name="LineMatcher")
+def LineMatcher_fixture(request: FixtureRequest) -> type[LineMatcher]:
+    """A reference to the :class: `LineMatcher`.
+
+    This is instantiable with a list of lines (without their trailing newlines).
+    This is useful for testing large texts, such as the output of commands.
+    """
+    return LineMatcher
+
+
+@fixture
+def pytester(
+    request: FixtureRequest, tmp_path_factory: TempPathFactory, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch
+) -> Pytester:
+    """
+    Facilities to write tests/configuration files, execute pytest in isolation, and match
+    against expected output, perfect for black-box testing of pytest plugins.
+
+    It attempts to isolate the test run from external factors as much as possible, modifying
+    the current working directory to ``path`` and environment variables during initialization.
+
+    It is particularly useful for testing plugins. It is similar to the :fixture:`tmp_path`
+    fixture but provides methods which aid in testing pytest itself.
+    """
+    return Pytester(request, tmp_path_factory, monkeypatch, _ispytest=True)
+
+
+@fixture
+def _sys_snapshot() -> Generator[None]:
+    snappaths = SysPathsSnapshot()
+    snapmods = SysModulesSnapshot()
+    yield
+    snapmods.restore()
+    snappaths.restore()
+
+
+@fixture
+def _config_for_test() -> Generator[Config]:
+    from _pytest.config import get_config
+
+    config = get_config()
+    yield config
+    config._ensure_unconfigure()  # cleanup, e.g. capman closing tmpfiles.
+
+
+# Regex to match the session duration string in the summary: "74.34s".
+rex_session_duration = re.compile(r"\d+\.\d\ds")
+# Regex to match all the counts and phrases in the summary line: "34 passed, 111 skipped".
+rex_outcome = re.compile(r"(\d+) (\w+)")
+
+
+@final
+class RunResult:
+    """The result of running a command from :class:`~pytest.Pytester`."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        ret: int | ExitCode,
+        outlines: list[str],
+        errlines: list[str],
+        duration: float,
+    ) -> None:
+        try:
+            self.ret: int | ExitCode = ExitCode(ret)
+            """The return value."""
+        except ValueError:
+            self.ret = ret
+        self.outlines = outlines
+        """List of lines captured from stdout."""
+        self.errlines = errlines
+        """List of lines captured from stderr."""
+        self.stdout = LineMatcher(outlines)
+        """:class:`~pytest.LineMatcher` of stdout.
+
+        Use e.g. :func:`str(stdout) <pytest.LineMatcher.__str__()>` to reconstruct stdout, or the commonly used
+        :func:`stdout.fnmatch_lines() <pytest.LineMatcher.fnmatch_lines()>` method.
+        """
+        self.stderr = LineMatcher(errlines)
+        """:class:`~pytest.LineMatcher` of stderr."""
+        self.duration = duration
+        """Duration in seconds."""
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return (
+            "<RunResult ret=%s len(stdout.lines)=%d len(stderr.lines)=%d duration=%.2fs>"
+            % (self.ret, len(self.stdout.lines), len(self.stderr.lines), self.duration)
+        )
+
+    def parseoutcomes(self) -> dict[str, int]:
+        """Return a dictionary of outcome noun -> count from parsing the terminal
+        output that the test process produced.
+
+        The returned nouns will always be in plural form::
+
+            ======= 1 failed, 1 passed, 1 warning, 1 error in 0.13s ====
+
+        Will return ``{"failed": 1, "passed": 1, "warnings": 1, "errors": 1}``.
+        """
+        return self.parse_summary_nouns(self.outlines)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_summary_nouns(cls, lines) -> dict[str, int]:
+        """Extract the nouns from a pytest terminal summary line.
+
+        It always returns the plural noun for consistency::
+
+            ======= 1 failed, 1 passed, 1 warning, 1 error in 0.13s ====
+
+        Will return ``{"failed": 1, "passed": 1, "warnings": 1, "errors": 1}``.
+        """
+        for line in reversed(lines):
+            if rex_session_duration.search(line):
+                outcomes = rex_outcome.findall(line)
+                ret = {noun: int(count) for (count, noun) in outcomes}
+                break
+        else:
+            raise ValueError("Pytest terminal summary report not found")
+
+        to_plural = {
+            "warning": "warnings",
+            "error": "errors",
+        }
+        return {to_plural.get(k, k): v for k, v in ret.items()}
+
+    def assert_outcomes(
+        self,
+        passed: int = 0,
+        skipped: int = 0,
+        failed: int = 0,
+        errors: int = 0,
+        xpassed: int = 0,
+        xfailed: int = 0,
+        warnings: int | None = None,
+        deselected: int | None = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Assert that the specified outcomes appear with the respective
+        numbers (0 means it didn't occur) in the text output from a test run.
+
+        ``warnings`` and ``deselected`` are only checked if not None.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        from _pytest.pytester_assertions import assert_outcomes
+
+        outcomes = self.parseoutcomes()
+        assert_outcomes(
+            outcomes,
+            passed=passed,
+            skipped=skipped,
+            failed=failed,
+            errors=errors,
+            xpassed=xpassed,
+            xfailed=xfailed,
+            warnings=warnings,
+            deselected=deselected,
+        )
+
+
+class SysModulesSnapshot:
+    def __init__(self, preserve: Callable[[str], bool] | None = None) -> None:
+        self.__preserve = preserve
+        self.__saved = dict(sys.modules)
+
+    def restore(self) -> None:
+        if self.__preserve:
+            self.__saved.update(
+                (k, m) for k, m in sys.modules.items() if self.__preserve(k)
+            )
+        sys.modules.clear()
+        sys.modules.update(self.__saved)
+
+
+class SysPathsSnapshot:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.__saved = list(sys.path), list(sys.meta_path)
+
+    def restore(self) -> None:
+        sys.path[:], sys.meta_path[:] = self.__saved
+
+
+@final
+class Pytester:
+    """
+    Facilities to write tests/configuration files, execute pytest in isolation, and match
+    against expected output, perfect for black-box testing of pytest plugins.
+
+    It attempts to isolate the test run from external factors as much as possible, modifying
+    the current working directory to :attr:`path` and environment variables during initialization.
+    """
+
+    __test__ = False
+
+    CLOSE_STDIN: Final = NOTSET
+
+    class TimeoutExpired(Exception):
+        pass
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        request: FixtureRequest,
+        tmp_path_factory: TempPathFactory,
+        monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch,
+        *,
+        _ispytest: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        check_ispytest(_ispytest)
+        self._request = request
+        self._mod_collections: WeakKeyDictionary[Collector, list[Item | Collector]] = (
+            WeakKeyDictionary()
+        )
+        if request.function:
+            name: str = request.function.__name__
+        else:
+            name = request.node.name
+        self._name = name
+        self._path: Path = tmp_path_factory.mktemp(name, numbered=True)
+        #: A list of plugins to use with :py:meth:`parseconfig` and
+        #: :py:meth:`runpytest`.  Initially this is an empty list but plugins can
+        #: be added to the list.  The type of items to add to the list depends on
+        #: the method using them so refer to them for details.
+        self.plugins: list[str | _PluggyPlugin] = []
+        self._sys_path_snapshot = SysPathsSnapshot()
+        self._sys_modules_snapshot = self.__take_sys_modules_snapshot()
+        self._request.addfinalizer(self._finalize)
+        self._method = self._request.config.getoption("--runpytest")
+        self._test_tmproot = tmp_path_factory.mktemp(f"tmp-{name}", numbered=True)
+
+        self._monkeypatch = mp = monkeypatch
+        self.chdir()
+        mp.setenv("PYTEST_DEBUG_TEMPROOT", str(self._test_tmproot))
+        # Ensure no unexpected caching via tox.
+        mp.delenv("TOX_ENV_DIR", raising=False)
+        # Discard outer pytest options.
+        mp.delenv("PYTEST_ADDOPTS", raising=False)
+        # Ensure no user config is used.
+        tmphome = str(self.path)
+        mp.setenv("HOME", tmphome)
+        mp.setenv("USERPROFILE", tmphome)
+        # Do not use colors for inner runs by default.
+        mp.setenv("PY_COLORS", "0")
+
+    @property
+    def path(self) -> Path:
+        """Temporary directory path used to create files/run tests from, etc."""
+        return self._path
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<Pytester {self.path!r}>"
+
+    def _finalize(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Clean up global state artifacts.
+
+        Some methods modify the global interpreter state and this tries to
+        clean this up. It does not remove the temporary directory however so
+        it can be looked at after the test run has finished.
+        """
+        self._sys_modules_snapshot.restore()
+        self._sys_path_snapshot.restore()
+
+    def __take_sys_modules_snapshot(self) -> SysModulesSnapshot:
+        # Some zope modules used by twisted-related tests keep internal state
+        # and can't be deleted; we had some trouble in the past with
+        # `zope.interface` for example.
+        #
+        # Preserve readline due to https://bugs.python.org/issue41033.
+        # pexpect issues a SIGWINCH.
+        def preserve_module(name):
+            return name.startswith(("zope", "readline"))
+
+        return SysModulesSnapshot(preserve=preserve_module)
+
+    def make_hook_recorder(self, pluginmanager: PytestPluginManager) -> HookRecorder:
+        """Create a new :class:`HookRecorder` for a :class:`PytestPluginManager`."""
+        pluginmanager.reprec = reprec = HookRecorder(pluginmanager, _ispytest=True)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        self._request.addfinalizer(reprec.finish_recording)
+        return reprec
+
+    def chdir(self) -> None:
+        """Cd into the temporary directory.
+
+        This is done automatically upon instantiation.
+        """
+        self._monkeypatch.chdir(self.path)
+
+    def _makefile(
+        self,
+        ext: str,
+        lines: Sequence[Any | bytes],
+        files: dict[str, str],
+        encoding: str = "utf-8",
+    ) -> Path:
+        items = list(files.items())
+
+        if ext is None:
+            raise TypeError("ext must not be None")
+
+        if ext and not ext.startswith("."):
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"pytester.makefile expects a file extension, try .{ext} instead of {ext}"
+            )
+
+        def to_text(s: Any | bytes) -> str:
+            return s.decode(encoding) if isinstance(s, bytes) else str(s)
+
+        if lines:
+            source = "\n".join(to_text(x) for x in lines)
+            basename = self._name
+            items.insert(0, (basename, source))
+
+        ret = None
+        for basename, value in items:
+            p = self.path.joinpath(basename).with_suffix(ext)
+            p.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+            source_ = Source(value)
+            source = "\n".join(to_text(line) for line in source_.lines)
+            p.write_text(source.strip(), encoding=encoding)
+            if ret is None:
+                ret = p
+        assert ret is not None
+        return ret
+
+    def makefile(self, ext: str, *args: str, **kwargs: str) -> Path:
+        r"""Create new text file(s) in the test directory.
+
+        :param ext:
+            The extension the file(s) should use, including the dot, e.g. `.py`.
+        :param args:
+            All args are treated as strings and joined using newlines.
+            The result is written as contents to the file.  The name of the
+            file is based on the test function requesting this fixture.
+        :param kwargs:
+            Each keyword is the name of a file, while the value of it will
+            be written as contents of the file.
+        :returns:
+            The first created file.
+
+        Examples:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            pytester.makefile(".txt", "line1", "line2")
+
+            pytester.makefile(".ini", pytest="[pytest]\naddopts=-rs\n")
+
+        To create binary files, use :meth:`pathlib.Path.write_bytes` directly:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            filename = pytester.path.joinpath("foo.bin")
+            filename.write_bytes(b"...")
+        """
+        return self._makefile(ext, args, kwargs)
+
+    def makeconftest(self, source: str) -> Path:
+        """Write a conftest.py file.
+
+        :param source: The contents.
+        :returns: The conftest.py file.
+        """
+        return self.makepyfile(conftest=source)
+
+    def makeini(self, source: str) -> Path:
+        """Write a tox.ini file.
+
+        :param source: The contents.
+        :returns: The tox.ini file.
+        """
+        return self.makefile(".ini", tox=source)
+
+    def getinicfg(self, source: str) -> SectionWrapper:
+        """Return the pytest section from the tox.ini config file."""
+        p = self.makeini(source)
+        return IniConfig(str(p))["pytest"]
+
+    def makepyprojecttoml(self, source: str) -> Path:
+        """Write a pyproject.toml file.
+
+        :param source: The contents.
+        :returns: The pyproject.ini file.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 6.0
+        """
+        return self.makefile(".toml", pyproject=source)
+
+    def makepyfile(self, *args, **kwargs) -> Path:
+        r"""Shortcut for .makefile() with a .py extension.
+
+        Defaults to the test name with a '.py' extension, e.g test_foobar.py, overwriting
+        existing files.
+
+        Examples:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            def test_something(pytester):
+                # Initial file is created test_something.py.
+                pytester.makepyfile("foobar")
+                # To create multiple files, pass kwargs accordingly.
+                pytester.makepyfile(custom="foobar")
+                # At this point, both 'test_something.py' & 'custom.py' exist in the test directory.
+
+        """
+        return self._makefile(".py", args, kwargs)
+
+    def maketxtfile(self, *args, **kwargs) -> Path:
+        r"""Shortcut for .makefile() with a .txt extension.
+
+        Defaults to the test name with a '.txt' extension, e.g test_foobar.txt, overwriting
+        existing files.
+
+        Examples:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            def test_something(pytester):
+                # Initial file is created test_something.txt.
+                pytester.maketxtfile("foobar")
+                # To create multiple files, pass kwargs accordingly.
+                pytester.maketxtfile(custom="foobar")
+                # At this point, both 'test_something.txt' & 'custom.txt' exist in the test directory.
+
+        """
+        return self._makefile(".txt", args, kwargs)
+
+    def syspathinsert(self, path: str | os.PathLike[str] | None = None) -> None:
+        """Prepend a directory to sys.path, defaults to :attr:`path`.
+
+        This is undone automatically when this object dies at the end of each
+        test.
+
+        :param path:
+            The path.
+        """
+        if path is None:
+            path = self.path
+
+        self._monkeypatch.syspath_prepend(str(path))
+
+    def mkdir(self, name: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> Path:
+        """Create a new (sub)directory.
+
+        :param name:
+            The name of the directory, relative to the pytester path.
+        :returns:
+            The created directory.
+        :rtype: pathlib.Path
+        """
+        p = self.path / name
+        p.mkdir()
+        return p
+
+    def mkpydir(self, name: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> Path:
+        """Create a new python package.
+
+        This creates a (sub)directory with an empty ``__init__.py`` file so it
+        gets recognised as a Python package.
+        """
+        p = self.path / name
+        p.mkdir()
+        p.joinpath("__init__.py").touch()
+        return p
+
+    def copy_example(self, name: str | None = None) -> Path:
+        """Copy file from project's directory into the testdir.
+
+        :param name:
+            The name of the file to copy.
+        :return:
+            Path to the copied directory (inside ``self.path``).
+        :rtype: pathlib.Path
+        """
+        example_dir_ = self._request.config.getini("pytester_example_dir")
+        if example_dir_ is None:
+            raise ValueError("pytester_example_dir is unset, can't copy examples")
+        example_dir: Path = self._request.config.rootpath / example_dir_
+
+        for extra_element in self._request.node.iter_markers("pytester_example_path"):
+            assert extra_element.args
+            example_dir = example_dir.joinpath(*extra_element.args)
+
+        if name is None:
+            func_name = self._name
+            maybe_dir = example_dir / func_name
+            maybe_file = example_dir / (func_name + ".py")
+
+            if maybe_dir.is_dir():
+                example_path = maybe_dir
+            elif maybe_file.is_file():
+                example_path = maybe_file
+            else:
+                raise LookupError(
+                    f"{func_name} can't be found as module or package in {example_dir}"
+                )
+        else:
+            example_path = example_dir.joinpath(name)
+
+        if example_path.is_dir() and not example_path.joinpath("__init__.py").is_file():
+            shutil.copytree(example_path, self.path, symlinks=True, dirs_exist_ok=True)
+            return self.path
+        elif example_path.is_file():
+            result = self.path.joinpath(example_path.name)
+            shutil.copy(example_path, result)
+            return result
+        else:
+            raise LookupError(
+                f'example "{example_path}" is not found as a file or directory'
+            )
+
+    def getnode(self, config: Config, arg: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> Collector | Item:
+        """Get the collection node of a file.
+
+        :param config:
+           A pytest config.
+           See :py:meth:`parseconfig` and :py:meth:`parseconfigure` for creating it.
+        :param arg:
+            Path to the file.
+        :returns:
+            The node.
+        """
+        session = Session.from_config(config)
+        assert "::" not in str(arg)
+        p = Path(os.path.abspath(arg))
+        config.hook.pytest_sessionstart(session=session)
+        res = session.perform_collect([str(p)], genitems=False)[0]
+        config.hook.pytest_sessionfinish(session=session, exitstatus=ExitCode.OK)
+        return res
+
+    def getpathnode(self, path: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> Collector | Item:
+        """Return the collection node of a file.
+
+        This is like :py:meth:`getnode` but uses :py:meth:`parseconfigure` to
+        create the (configured) pytest Config instance.
+
+        :param path:
+            Path to the file.
+        :returns:
+            The node.
+        """
+        path = Path(path)
+        config = self.parseconfigure(path)
+        session = Session.from_config(config)
+        x = bestrelpath(session.path, path)
+        config.hook.pytest_sessionstart(session=session)
+        res = session.perform_collect([x], genitems=False)[0]
+        config.hook.pytest_sessionfinish(session=session, exitstatus=ExitCode.OK)
+        return res
+
+    def genitems(self, colitems: Sequence[Item | Collector]) -> list[Item]:
+        """Generate all test items from a collection node.
+
+        This recurses into the collection node and returns a list of all the
+        test items contained within.
+
+        :param colitems:
+            The collection nodes.
+        :returns:
+            The collected items.
+        """
+        session = colitems[0].session
+        result: list[Item] = []
+        for colitem in colitems:
+            result.extend(session.genitems(colitem))
+        return result
+
+    def runitem(self, source: str) -> Any:
+        """Run the "test_func" Item.
+
+        The calling test instance (class containing the test method) must
+        provide a ``.getrunner()`` method which should return a runner which
+        can run the test protocol for a single item, e.g.
+        ``_pytest.runner.runtestprotocol``.
+        """
+        # used from runner functional tests
+        item = self.getitem(source)
+        # the test class where we are called from wants to provide the runner
+        testclassinstance = self._request.instance
+        runner = testclassinstance.getrunner()
+        return runner(item)
+
+    def inline_runsource(self, source: str, *cmdlineargs) -> HookRecorder:
+        """Run a test module in process using ``pytest.main()``.
+
+        This run writes "source" into a temporary file and runs
+        ``pytest.main()`` on it, returning a :py:class:`HookRecorder` instance
+        for the result.
+
+        :param source: The source code of the test module.
+        :param cmdlineargs: Any extra command line arguments to use.
+        """
+        p = self.makepyfile(source)
+        values = [*list(cmdlineargs), p]
+        return self.inline_run(*values)
+
+    def inline_genitems(self, *args) -> tuple[list[Item], HookRecorder]:
+        """Run ``pytest.main(['--collect-only'])`` in-process.
+
+        Runs the :py:func:`pytest.main` function to run all of pytest inside
+        the test process itself like :py:meth:`inline_run`, but returns a
+        tuple of the collected items and a :py:class:`HookRecorder` instance.
+        """
+        rec = self.inline_run("--collect-only", *args)
+        items = [x.item for x in rec.getcalls("pytest_itemcollected")]
+        return items, rec
+
+    def inline_run(
+        self,
+        *args: str | os.PathLike[str],
+        plugins=(),
+        no_reraise_ctrlc: bool = False,
+    ) -> HookRecorder:
+        """Run ``pytest.main()`` in-process, returning a HookRecorder.
+
+        Runs the :py:func:`pytest.main` function to run all of pytest inside
+        the test process itself.  This means it can return a
+        :py:class:`HookRecorder` instance which gives more detailed results
+        from that run than can be done by matching stdout/stderr from
+        :py:meth:`runpytest`.
+
+        :param args:
+            Command line arguments to pass to :py:func:`pytest.main`.
+        :param plugins:
+            Extra plugin instances the ``pytest.main()`` instance should use.
+        :param no_reraise_ctrlc:
+            Typically we reraise keyboard interrupts from the child run. If
+            True, the KeyboardInterrupt exception is captured.
+        """
+        # (maybe a cpython bug?) the importlib cache sometimes isn't updated
+        # properly between file creation and inline_run (especially if imports
+        # are interspersed with file creation)
+        importlib.invalidate_caches()
+
+        plugins = list(plugins)
+        finalizers = []
+        try:
+            # Any sys.module or sys.path changes done while running pytest
+            # inline should be reverted after the test run completes to avoid
+            # clashing with later inline tests run within the same pytest test,
+            # e.g. just because they use matching test module names.
+            finalizers.append(self.__take_sys_modules_snapshot().restore)
+            finalizers.append(SysPathsSnapshot().restore)
+
+            # Important note:
+            # - our tests should not leave any other references/registrations
+            #   laying around other than possibly loaded test modules
+            #   referenced from sys.modules, as nothing will clean those up
+            #   automatically
+
+            rec = []
+
+            class Collect:
+                def pytest_configure(x, config: Config) -> None:
+                    rec.append(self.make_hook_recorder(config.pluginmanager))
+
+            plugins.append(Collect())
+            ret = main([str(x) for x in args], plugins=plugins)
+            if len(rec) == 1:
+                reprec = rec.pop()
+            else:
+
+                class reprec:  # type: ignore
+                    pass
+
+            reprec.ret = ret
+
+            # Typically we reraise keyboard interrupts from the child run
+            # because it's our user requesting interruption of the testing.
+            if ret == ExitCode.INTERRUPTED and not no_reraise_ctrlc:
+                calls = reprec.getcalls("pytest_keyboard_interrupt")
+                if calls and calls[-1].excinfo.type == KeyboardInterrupt:
+                    raise KeyboardInterrupt()
+            return reprec
+        finally:
+            for finalizer in finalizers:
+                finalizer()
+
+    def runpytest_inprocess(
+        self, *args: str | os.PathLike[str], **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> RunResult:
+        """Return result of running pytest in-process, providing a similar
+        interface to what self.runpytest() provides."""
+        syspathinsert = kwargs.pop("syspathinsert", False)
+
+        if syspathinsert:
+            self.syspathinsert()
+        now = timing.time()
+        capture = _get_multicapture("sys")
+        capture.start_capturing()
+        try:
+            try:
+                reprec = self.inline_run(*args, **kwargs)
+            except SystemExit as e:
+                ret = e.args[0]
+                try:
+                    ret = ExitCode(e.args[0])
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass
+
+                class reprec:  # type: ignore
+                    ret = ret
+
+            except Exception:
+                traceback.print_exc()
+
+                class reprec:  # type: ignore
+                    ret = ExitCode(3)
+
+        finally:
+            out, err = capture.readouterr()
+            capture.stop_capturing()
+            sys.stdout.write(out)
+            sys.stderr.write(err)
+
+        assert reprec.ret is not None
+        res = RunResult(
+            reprec.ret, out.splitlines(), err.splitlines(), timing.time() - now
+        )
+        res.reprec = reprec  # type: ignore
+        return res
+
+    def runpytest(self, *args: str | os.PathLike[str], **kwargs: Any) -> RunResult:
+        """Run pytest inline or in a subprocess, depending on the command line
+        option "--runpytest" and return a :py:class:`~pytest.RunResult`."""
+        new_args = self._ensure_basetemp(args)
+        if self._method == "inprocess":
+            return self.runpytest_inprocess(*new_args, **kwargs)
+        elif self._method == "subprocess":
+            return self.runpytest_subprocess(*new_args, **kwargs)
+        raise RuntimeError(f"Unrecognized runpytest option: {self._method}")
+
+    def _ensure_basetemp(
+        self, args: Sequence[str | os.PathLike[str]]
+    ) -> list[str | os.PathLike[str]]:
+        new_args = list(args)
+        for x in new_args:
+            if str(x).startswith("--basetemp"):
+                break
+        else:
+            new_args.append(
+                "--basetemp={}".format(self.path.parent.joinpath("basetemp"))
+            )
+        return new_args
+
+    def parseconfig(self, *args: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> Config:
+        """Return a new pytest :class:`pytest.Config` instance from given
+        commandline args.
+
+        This invokes the pytest bootstrapping code in _pytest.config to create a
+        new :py:class:`pytest.PytestPluginManager` and call the
+        :hook:`pytest_cmdline_parse` hook to create a new :class:`pytest.Config`
+        instance.
+
+        If :attr:`plugins` has been populated they should be plugin modules
+        to be registered with the plugin manager.
+        """
+        import _pytest.config
+
+        new_args = self._ensure_basetemp(args)
+        new_args = [str(x) for x in new_args]
+
+        config = _pytest.config._prepareconfig(new_args, self.plugins)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        # we don't know what the test will do with this half-setup config
+        # object and thus we make sure it gets unconfigured properly in any
+        # case (otherwise capturing could still be active, for example)
+        self._request.addfinalizer(config._ensure_unconfigure)
+        return config
+
+    def parseconfigure(self, *args: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> Config:
+        """Return a new pytest configured Config instance.
+
+        Returns a new :py:class:`pytest.Config` instance like
+        :py:meth:`parseconfig`, but also calls the :hook:`pytest_configure`
+        hook.
+        """
+        config = self.parseconfig(*args)
+        config._do_configure()
+        return config
+
+    def getitem(
+        self, source: str | os.PathLike[str], funcname: str = "test_func"
+    ) -> Item:
+        """Return the test item for a test function.
+
+        Writes the source to a python file and runs pytest's collection on
+        the resulting module, returning the test item for the requested
+        function name.
+
+        :param source:
+            The module source.
+        :param funcname:
+            The name of the test function for which to return a test item.
+        :returns:
+            The test item.
+        """
+        items = self.getitems(source)
+        for item in items:
+            if item.name == funcname:
+                return item
+        assert 0, f"{funcname!r} item not found in module:\n{source}\nitems: {items}"
+
+    def getitems(self, source: str | os.PathLike[str]) -> list[Item]:
+        """Return all test items collected from the module.
+
+        Writes the source to a Python file and runs pytest's collection on
+        the resulting module, returning all test items contained within.
+        """
+        modcol = self.getmodulecol(source)
+        return self.genitems([modcol])
+
+    def getmodulecol(
+        self,
+        source: str | os.PathLike[str],
+        configargs=(),
+        *,
+        withinit: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """Return the module collection node for ``source``.
+
+        Writes ``source`` to a file using :py:meth:`makepyfile` and then
+        runs the pytest collection on it, returning the collection node for the
+        test module.
+
+        :param source:
+            The source code of the module to collect.
+
+        :param configargs:
+            Any extra arguments to pass to :py:meth:`parseconfigure`.
+
+        :param withinit:
+            Whether to also write an ``__init__.py`` file to the same
+            directory to ensure it is a package.
+        """
+        if isinstance(source, os.PathLike):
+            path = self.path.joinpath(source)
+            assert not withinit, "not supported for paths"
+        else:
+            kw = {self._name: str(source)}
+            path = self.makepyfile(**kw)
+        if withinit:
+            self.makepyfile(__init__="#")
+        self.config = config = self.parseconfigure(path, *configargs)
+        return self.getnode(config, path)
+
+    def collect_by_name(self, modcol: Collector, name: str) -> Item | Collector | None:
+        """Return the collection node for name from the module collection.
+
+        Searches a module collection node for a collection node matching the
+        given name.
+
+        :param modcol: A module collection node; see :py:meth:`getmodulecol`.
+        :param name: The name of the node to return.
+        """
+        if modcol not in self._mod_collections:
+            self._mod_collections[modcol] = list(modcol.collect())
+        for colitem in self._mod_collections[modcol]:
+            if colitem.name == name:
+                return colitem
+        return None
+
+    def popen(
+        self,
+        cmdargs: Sequence[str | os.PathLike[str]],
+        stdout: int | TextIO = subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr: int | TextIO = subprocess.PIPE,
+        stdin: NotSetType | bytes | IO[Any] | int = CLOSE_STDIN,
+        **kw,
+    ):
+        """Invoke :py:class:`subprocess.Popen`.
+
+        Calls :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` making sure the current working
+        directory is in ``PYTHONPATH``.
+
+        You probably want to use :py:meth:`run` instead.
+        """
+        env = os.environ.copy()
+        env["PYTHONPATH"] = os.pathsep.join(
+            filter(None, [os.getcwd(), env.get("PYTHONPATH", "")])
+        )
+        kw["env"] = env
+
+        if stdin is self.CLOSE_STDIN:
+            kw["stdin"] = subprocess.PIPE
+        elif isinstance(stdin, bytes):
+            kw["stdin"] = subprocess.PIPE
+        else:
+            kw["stdin"] = stdin
+
+        popen = subprocess.Popen(cmdargs, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, **kw)
+        if stdin is self.CLOSE_STDIN:
+            assert popen.stdin is not None
+            popen.stdin.close()
+        elif isinstance(stdin, bytes):
+            assert popen.stdin is not None
+            popen.stdin.write(stdin)
+
+        return popen
+
+    def run(
+        self,
+        *cmdargs: str | os.PathLike[str],
+        timeout: float | None = None,
+        stdin: NotSetType | bytes | IO[Any] | int = CLOSE_STDIN,
+    ) -> RunResult:
+        """Run a command with arguments.
+
+        Run a process using :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` saving the stdout and
+        stderr.
+
+        :param cmdargs:
+            The sequence of arguments to pass to :py:class:`subprocess.Popen`,
+            with path-like objects being converted to :py:class:`str`
+            automatically.
+        :param timeout:
+            The period in seconds after which to timeout and raise
+            :py:class:`Pytester.TimeoutExpired`.
+        :param stdin:
+            Optional standard input.
+
+            - If it is ``CLOSE_STDIN`` (Default), then this method calls
+              :py:class:`subprocess.Popen` with ``stdin=subprocess.PIPE``, and
+              the standard input is closed immediately after the new command is
+              started.
+
+            - If it is of type :py:class:`bytes`, these bytes are sent to the
+              standard input of the command.
+
+            - Otherwise, it is passed through to :py:class:`subprocess.Popen`.
+              For further information in this case, consult the document of the
+              ``stdin`` parameter in :py:class:`subprocess.Popen`.
+        :type stdin: _pytest.compat.NotSetType | bytes | IO[Any] | int
+        :returns:
+            The result.
+
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+
+        cmdargs = tuple(os.fspath(arg) for arg in cmdargs)
+        p1 = self.path.joinpath("stdout")
+        p2 = self.path.joinpath("stderr")
+        print("running:", *cmdargs)
+        print("     in:", Path.cwd())
+
+        with p1.open("w", encoding="utf8") as f1, p2.open("w", encoding="utf8") as f2:
+            now = timing.time()
+            popen = self.popen(
+                cmdargs,
+                stdin=stdin,
+                stdout=f1,
+                stderr=f2,
+                close_fds=(sys.platform != "win32"),
+            )
+            if popen.stdin is not None:
+                popen.stdin.close()
+
+            def handle_timeout() -> None:
+                __tracebackhide__ = True
+
+                timeout_message = f"{timeout} second timeout expired running: {cmdargs}"
+
+                popen.kill()
+                popen.wait()
+                raise self.TimeoutExpired(timeout_message)
+
+            if timeout is None:
+                ret = popen.wait()
+            else:
+                try:
+                    ret = popen.wait(timeout)
+                except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+                    handle_timeout()
+
+        with p1.open(encoding="utf8") as f1, p2.open(encoding="utf8") as f2:
+            out = f1.read().splitlines()
+            err = f2.read().splitlines()
+
+        self._dump_lines(out, sys.stdout)
+        self._dump_lines(err, sys.stderr)
+
+        with contextlib.suppress(ValueError):
+            ret = ExitCode(ret)
+        return RunResult(ret, out, err, timing.time() - now)
+
+    def _dump_lines(self, lines, fp):
+        try:
+            for line in lines:
+                print(line, file=fp)
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            print(f"couldn't print to {fp} because of encoding")
+
+    def _getpytestargs(self) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+        return sys.executable, "-mpytest"
+
+    def runpython(self, script: os.PathLike[str]) -> RunResult:
+        """Run a python script using sys.executable as interpreter."""
+        return self.run(sys.executable, script)
+
+    def runpython_c(self, command: str) -> RunResult:
+        """Run ``python -c "command"``."""
+        return self.run(sys.executable, "-c", command)
+
+    def runpytest_subprocess(
+        self, *args: str | os.PathLike[str], timeout: float | None = None
+    ) -> RunResult:
+        """Run pytest as a subprocess with given arguments.
+
+        Any plugins added to the :py:attr:`plugins` list will be added using the
+        ``-p`` command line option.  Additionally ``--basetemp`` is used to put
+        any temporary files and directories in a numbered directory prefixed
+        with "runpytest-" to not conflict with the normal numbered pytest
+        location for temporary files and directories.
+
+        :param args:
+            The sequence of arguments to pass to the pytest subprocess.
+        :param timeout:
+            The period in seconds after which to timeout and raise
+            :py:class:`Pytester.TimeoutExpired`.
+        :returns:
+            The result.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        p = make_numbered_dir(root=self.path, prefix="runpytest-", mode=0o700)
+        args = (f"--basetemp={p}", *args)
+        plugins = [x for x in self.plugins if isinstance(x, str)]
+        if plugins:
+            args = ("-p", plugins[0], *args)
+        args = self._getpytestargs() + args
+        return self.run(*args, timeout=timeout)
+
+    def spawn_pytest(self, string: str, expect_timeout: float = 10.0) -> pexpect.spawn:
+        """Run pytest using pexpect.
+
+        This makes sure to use the right pytest and sets up the temporary
+        directory locations.
+
+        The pexpect child is returned.
+        """
+        basetemp = self.path / "temp-pexpect"
+        basetemp.mkdir(mode=0o700)
+        invoke = " ".join(map(str, self._getpytestargs()))
+        cmd = f"{invoke} --basetemp={basetemp} {string}"
+        return self.spawn(cmd, expect_timeout=expect_timeout)
+
+    def spawn(self, cmd: str, expect_timeout: float = 10.0) -> pexpect.spawn:
+        """Run a command using pexpect.
+
+        The pexpect child is returned.
+        """
+        pexpect = importorskip("pexpect", "3.0")
+        if hasattr(sys, "pypy_version_info") and "64" in platform.machine():
+            skip("pypy-64 bit not supported")
+        if not hasattr(pexpect, "spawn"):
+            skip("pexpect.spawn not available")
+        logfile = self.path.joinpath("spawn.out").open("wb")
+
+        child = pexpect.spawn(cmd, logfile=logfile, timeout=expect_timeout)
+        self._request.addfinalizer(logfile.close)
+        return child
+
+
+class LineComp:
+    def __init__(self) -> None:
+        self.stringio = StringIO()
+        """:class:`python:io.StringIO()` instance used for input."""
+
+    def assert_contains_lines(self, lines2: Sequence[str]) -> None:
+        """Assert that ``lines2`` are contained (linearly) in :attr:`stringio`'s value.
+
+        Lines are matched using :func:`LineMatcher.fnmatch_lines <pytest.LineMatcher.fnmatch_lines>`.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        val = self.stringio.getvalue()
+        self.stringio.truncate(0)
+        self.stringio.seek(0)
+        lines1 = val.split("\n")
+        LineMatcher(lines1).fnmatch_lines(lines2)
+
+
+class LineMatcher:
+    """Flexible matching of text.
+
+    This is a convenience class to test large texts like the output of
+    commands.
+
+    The constructor takes a list of lines without their trailing newlines, i.e.
+    ``text.splitlines()``.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, lines: list[str]) -> None:
+        self.lines = lines
+        self._log_output: list[str] = []
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """Return the entire original text.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 6.2
+            You can use :meth:`str` in older versions.
+        """
+        return "\n".join(self.lines)
+
+    def _getlines(self, lines2: str | Sequence[str] | Source) -> Sequence[str]:
+        if isinstance(lines2, str):
+            lines2 = Source(lines2)
+        if isinstance(lines2, Source):
+            lines2 = lines2.strip().lines
+        return lines2
+
+    def fnmatch_lines_random(self, lines2: Sequence[str]) -> None:
+        """Check lines exist in the output in any order (using :func:`python:fnmatch.fnmatch`)."""
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        self._match_lines_random(lines2, fnmatch)
+
+    def re_match_lines_random(self, lines2: Sequence[str]) -> None:
+        """Check lines exist in the output in any order (using :func:`python:re.match`)."""
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        self._match_lines_random(lines2, lambda name, pat: bool(re.match(pat, name)))
+
+    def _match_lines_random(
+        self, lines2: Sequence[str], match_func: Callable[[str, str], bool]
+    ) -> None:
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        lines2 = self._getlines(lines2)
+        for line in lines2:
+            for x in self.lines:
+                if line == x or match_func(x, line):
+                    self._log("matched: ", repr(line))
+                    break
+            else:
+                msg = f"line {line!r} not found in output"
+                self._log(msg)
+                self._fail(msg)
+
+    def get_lines_after(self, fnline: str) -> Sequence[str]:
+        """Return all lines following the given line in the text.
+
+        The given line can contain glob wildcards.
+        """
+        for i, line in enumerate(self.lines):
+            if fnline == line or fnmatch(line, fnline):
+                return self.lines[i + 1 :]
+        raise ValueError(f"line {fnline!r} not found in output")
+
+    def _log(self, *args) -> None:
+        self._log_output.append(" ".join(str(x) for x in args))
+
+    @property
+    def _log_text(self) -> str:
+        return "\n".join(self._log_output)
+
+    def fnmatch_lines(
+        self, lines2: Sequence[str], *, consecutive: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """Check lines exist in the output (using :func:`python:fnmatch.fnmatch`).
+
+        The argument is a list of lines which have to match and can use glob
+        wildcards.  If they do not match a pytest.fail() is called.  The
+        matches and non-matches are also shown as part of the error message.
+
+        :param lines2: String patterns to match.
+        :param consecutive: Match lines consecutively?
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        self._match_lines(lines2, fnmatch, "fnmatch", consecutive=consecutive)
+
+    def re_match_lines(
+        self, lines2: Sequence[str], *, consecutive: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        """Check lines exist in the output (using :func:`python:re.match`).
+
+        The argument is a list of lines which have to match using ``re.match``.
+        If they do not match a pytest.fail() is called.
+
+        The matches and non-matches are also shown as part of the error message.
+
+        :param lines2: string patterns to match.
+        :param consecutive: match lines consecutively?
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        self._match_lines(
+            lines2,
+            lambda name, pat: bool(re.match(pat, name)),
+            "re.match",
+            consecutive=consecutive,
+        )
+
+    def _match_lines(
+        self,
+        lines2: Sequence[str],
+        match_func: Callable[[str, str], bool],
+        match_nickname: str,
+        *,
+        consecutive: bool = False,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Underlying implementation of ``fnmatch_lines`` and ``re_match_lines``.
+
+        :param Sequence[str] lines2:
+            List of string patterns to match. The actual format depends on
+            ``match_func``.
+        :param match_func:
+            A callable ``match_func(line, pattern)`` where line is the
+            captured line from stdout/stderr and pattern is the matching
+            pattern.
+        :param str match_nickname:
+            The nickname for the match function that will be logged to stdout
+            when a match occurs.
+        :param consecutive:
+            Match lines consecutively?
+        """
+        if not isinstance(lines2, collections.abc.Sequence):
+            raise TypeError(f"invalid type for lines2: {type(lines2).__name__}")
+        lines2 = self._getlines(lines2)
+        lines1 = self.lines[:]
+        extralines = []
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        wnick = len(match_nickname) + 1
+        started = False
+        for line in lines2:
+            nomatchprinted = False
+            while lines1:
+                nextline = lines1.pop(0)
+                if line == nextline:
+                    self._log("exact match:", repr(line))
+                    started = True
+                    break
+                elif match_func(nextline, line):
+                    self._log(f"{match_nickname}:", repr(line))
+                    self._log(
+                        "{:>{width}}".format("with:", width=wnick), repr(nextline)
+                    )
+                    started = True
+                    break
+                else:
+                    if consecutive and started:
+                        msg = f"no consecutive match: {line!r}"
+                        self._log(msg)
+                        self._log(
+                            "{:>{width}}".format("with:", width=wnick), repr(nextline)
+                        )
+                        self._fail(msg)
+                    if not nomatchprinted:
+                        self._log(
+                            "{:>{width}}".format("nomatch:", width=wnick), repr(line)
+                        )
+                        nomatchprinted = True
+                    self._log("{:>{width}}".format("and:", width=wnick), repr(nextline))
+                extralines.append(nextline)
+            else:
+                msg = f"remains unmatched: {line!r}"
+                self._log(msg)
+                self._fail(msg)
+        self._log_output = []
+
+    def no_fnmatch_line(self, pat: str) -> None:
+        """Ensure captured lines do not match the given pattern, using ``fnmatch.fnmatch``.
+
+        :param str pat: The pattern to match lines.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        self._no_match_line(pat, fnmatch, "fnmatch")
+
+    def no_re_match_line(self, pat: str) -> None:
+        """Ensure captured lines do not match the given pattern, using ``re.match``.
+
+        :param str pat: The regular expression to match lines.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        self._no_match_line(
+            pat, lambda name, pat: bool(re.match(pat, name)), "re.match"
+        )
+
+    def _no_match_line(
+        self, pat: str, match_func: Callable[[str, str], bool], match_nickname: str
+    ) -> None:
+        """Ensure captured lines does not have a the given pattern, using ``fnmatch.fnmatch``.
+
+        :param str pat: The pattern to match lines.
+        """
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        nomatch_printed = False
+        wnick = len(match_nickname) + 1
+        for line in self.lines:
+            if match_func(line, pat):
+                msg = f"{match_nickname}: {pat!r}"
+                self._log(msg)
+                self._log("{:>{width}}".format("with:", width=wnick), repr(line))
+                self._fail(msg)
+            else:
+                if not nomatch_printed:
+                    self._log("{:>{width}}".format("nomatch:", width=wnick), repr(pat))
+                    nomatch_printed = True
+                self._log("{:>{width}}".format("and:", width=wnick), repr(line))
+        self._log_output = []
+
+    def _fail(self, msg: str) -> None:
+        __tracebackhide__ = True
+        log_text = self._log_text
+        self._log_output = []
+        fail(log_text)
+
+    def str(self) -> str:
+        """Return the entire original text."""
+        return str(self)