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README.md
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We introduce **Ripple-65B Preview**, a 65B parameter dense Transformer model pretrained on 12 trillion tokens that scores [PLACEHOLDER] on TerminalBench 2.1,
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surpassing significantly-larger US open-weight models such as Muse Spark Open 816B (76.4), Inkling-975B (63.8), and Nemotron 3 Ultra 550B (56.4).
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Starting from an initial Olmo 3 baseline, we iteratively improved all aspects of the training recipe, including the pretraining scaling laws, model architecture, and data.
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Our final Ripple model ladder improves Compute Efficiency (CE) on code by **16x** relative to the Olmo 3 ladder, with the advantage further increasing with scale up to
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**55x** for the full hero run.
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Ripple-65B was codesigned to be trained and served efficiently on NVIDIA hardware.
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The model is also fast at token generation when running on datacenter GPUs, easily reaching 250+ tok/s with DFlash2 on 4xB200 prior to quantization.
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**Pre-training.** Ripple-65B Preview is pretrained from scratch on a 12T text-only corpus at 8K sequence length.
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**Post-training.** We use a standard post-training recipe consisting of midtraining, long context, SFT, and mixed domain RL.
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## Base Model
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<div align="center">
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| Benchmark (Metric) | # Shots |
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</div>
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</p>
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We introduce **Ripple-65B Preview**, a 65B parameter dense Transformer model pretrained on 12 trillion tokens that scores [PLACEHOLDER] on TerminalBench 2.1,
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surpassing significantly-larger US open-weight models such as Reflection Beam 501B (80.1), Muse Spark Open 816B (76.4), Inkling-975B (63.8), and Nemotron 3 Ultra 550B (56.4).
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Starting from an initial Olmo 3 baseline, we iteratively improved all aspects of the training recipe, including the pretraining scaling laws, model architecture, and data.
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Our final Ripple v1 model ladder improves Compute Efficiency (CE) on code by **16x** relative to the Olmo 3 ladder, with the advantage further increasing with scale up to
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**55x** for the full hero run.
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Ripple-65B was codesigned to be trained and served efficiently on NVIDIA hardware.
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The model is also fast at token generation when running on datacenter GPUs, easily reaching 250+ tok/s with DFlash2 on 4xB200 prior to quantization.
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**Pre-training.** Ripple-65B Preview is pretrained from scratch on a 12T text-only corpus at 8K sequence length.
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Ripple-65B Base Preview is a **pretrain-only checkpoint** without any midtraining or synthetic QA data.
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**Post-training.** We use a standard post-training recipe consisting of midtraining, long context, SFT, and mixed domain RL.
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## Base Model
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Ripple-65B Base Preview is a pretrain-only checkpoint and deliberately does not include synthetic QA data.
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Nemotron 3 Ultra Base uses a two-phase pretraining data mix approach in which both phases include substantial synthetic data, including QA and SFT data.
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We show official eval scores for all provided evals; for missing evals, we run the evals ourselves and show the results in italics.
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Evaluation is performed on an internal fork of [Olmes](https://github.com/allenai/olmes).
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<div align="center">
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| Benchmark (Metric) | # Shots | Ripple-65B | Laguna-M.1 | DeepSeek V3.1 Base | DeepSeek V4 Flash Base | Nemotron 3 Ultra |
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| **Model** | | | | | | |
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| Architecture | β | Dense | MoE | MoE | MoE | MoE |
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| Total params | β | 65B | 225B | 671B | 284B | 550B |
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| Active params | β | 65B | 23B | 37B | 13B | 55B |
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| Training tokens (T) | β | 12T | 30T+ | 15.6T | 32T+ | 20T |
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| Training FLOPs (6ND) | β | 4.7e24 | 4.2e24 | 3.5e24 | 2.5e24 | 6.6e24 |
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| **World Knowledge** | | | | | | |
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| MMLU (MC acc) | 5-shot | *83.7* | *76.6* | *88.3* | 88.7 | **89.1** |
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| MMLU-Pro (CoT EM) | 5-shot | *61.5* | *52.2* | *57.8* | 68.3 | **79.1** |
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| AGIEval-En (acc) | 3-5-shot | *74.4* | *66.2* | *81.9* | **83.9** | 78.7 |
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| GPQA main (CoT EM) | 5-shot | *37.7* | *31.7* | *30.8* | *44.0* | ***49.6*** |
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| GPQA-Diamond (CoT EM) | 5-shot | *38.4* | *27.8* | *37.4* | *44.4* | ***53.0*** |
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| C-Eval (MC acc) | 5-shot | *69.6* | *59.3* | *90.7* | **92.1** | *82.2* |
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| SuperGPQA (MC acc) | 5-shot | *34.2* | *24.5* | *43.1* | 46.5 | ***52.9*** |
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| SimpleQA-Verified (EM) | 25-shot | *10.1* | *10.8* | *17.3* | **30.1** | *27.1* |
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| **Language & Reasoning** | | | | | | |
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| BBH (CoT EM) | 3-shot | *85.6* | *79.6* | *87.2* | 86.9 | ***88.0*** |
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| BBEH (EM) | 1-shot | *17.9* | *14.2* | *18.4* | **25.4** | *21.2* |
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| DROP (F1) | 1-shot | *77.8* | *66.8* | *81.2* | **88.6** | *87.6* |
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| HellaSwag (acc_norm) | 0-shot | *84.6* | *86.2* | *86.8* | 85.7 | ***89.1*** |
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| HellaSwag (acc_norm) | 10-shot | *87.2* | *88.1* | *89.4* | *88.8* | **90.5** |
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| ARC-Challenge (MC acc) | 25-shot | *95.7* | *90.8* | *95.1* | *95.8* | **97.4**[^d] |
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| ARC-Challenge (acc_norm) | 25-shot | *72.3* | *69.0* | *71.8* | *73.5* | ***74.1*** |
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| OpenBookQA (acc_norm) | 0-shot | *47.4* | *48.6* | ***50.4*** | *48.0* | 48.6 |
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| PIQA (acc_norm) | 0-shot | *83.6* | *84.8* | ***85.2*** | *84.7* | 83.8 |
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| WinoGrande (acc) | 5-shot | ***83.4*** | *83.2* | *83.2* | *81.4*[^a] | 79.3 |
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| **Code & Math** | | | | | | |
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| HumanEval (pass@1, n=20, T=0.2) | 0-shot | *70.9* | *83.4* | *69.8* | 69.5 | **83.8**[^b] |
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| MBPP sanitized-378 (pass@1, n=32, T=0.2) | 3-shot | *81.5* | *81.1* | *75.2* | *74.6* | **86.0**[^c] |
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| BigCodeBench (pass@1, n=5, T=0.8) | 3-shot | *49.2* | *50.5* | ***59.9*** | 56.8 | *55.6* |
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| GSM8K (CoT EM) | 8-shot | *88.5* | *80.4* | *79.6*[^e] | **90.8** | 88.1 |
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| GSM1K (CoT EM) | 8-shot | *88.4* | *79.7* | *81.8*[^e] | *83.2* | ***90.2*** |
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| MATH (flex EM) | 4-shot | *59.1* | *52.5* | *59.7* | 57.4 | **82.0** |
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| MGSM (CoT EM, 11-lang avg) | 8-shot | *78.2* | *65.4* | *81.7* | 85.7 | **87.7** |
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</div>
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