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#
# Copyright (c) 2025 Horizon Robotics. All Rights Reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
# implied. See the License for the specific language governing
# permissions and limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
import time
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from typing import Literal
from embodied_gen.utils.general import filter_warnings
filter_warnings()
import numpy as np
import trimesh
import trimesh.transformations as tra
import tyro
import yaml
sys.path.append(".")
from embodied_gen.utils.geometry import (
sample_surface_points,
)
from embodied_gen.utils.io_utils import (
URDFFile,
load_json,
load_mesh,
write_json,
)
from embodied_gen.utils.log import logger
from embodied_gen.utils.vis_utils import show_grasps
__all__ = [
"GraspGenHyperConfig",
"GraspGenXHyperConfig",
"GraspPoseConfig",
"GraspGenerator",
"run_grasp",
"entrypoint",
]
FINGER_CENTER_CACHE: dict[str, np.ndarray] = {
"franka_panda": np.array([0.0, 0.0, 0.1034], dtype=np.float64),
}
GRIPPER_GEOMETRY_CACHE: dict[str, dict[str, float]] = {
"franka_panda": {
"width": 0.10537486,
"depth": 0.10527314,
},
}
@dataclass
class GraspGenHyperConfig:
gripper_config: str = (
"~/.cache/huggingface/hub/GraspGenModels/checkpoints/graspgen_{}.yml"
)
grasp_threshold: float = -1.0
num_grasps: int = 4000
return_topk: bool = True
topk_num_grasps: int = 4000
mesh_scale: tuple[float, float, float] = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
num_sample_points: int = 2000
min_grasps: int = 40
max_tries: int = 6
remove_outliers: bool = False
@dataclass
class GraspGenXHyperConfig:
checkpoint_root: str = "~/.cache/huggingface/hub/GraspGenXModels/release"
gen_pth: str | None = None
dis_pth: str | None = None
assets_dir: str = (
"thirdparty/gripper_descriptions/gripper_descriptions/assets"
)
grasp_threshold: float = -1.0
num_grasps: int = 4000
return_topk: bool = True
topk_num_grasps: int = 4000
mesh_scale: tuple[float, float, float] = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
num_sample_points: int = 2000
min_grasps: int = 40
max_tries: int = 6
remove_outliers: bool = False
@dataclass
class GraspPoseConfig:
urdf_paths: list[str] = field(default_factory=list)
model_name: str = "GraspGen"
gripper_name: str = "franka_panda"
mesh_type: Literal["collision", "visual"] = "collision"
update_urdf: bool = True
overwrite: bool = True
gripper_mesh_path: str = (
f"embodied_gen/scripts/affordance_annot/{gripper_name}/coll_mesh.obj"
)
grasps_per_part: int = 20
visualize_grasps: bool = False
visualizer_port: int = 8080
graspgen: GraspGenHyperConfig | None = None
class GraspGenerator:
def __init__(self, cfg: GraspPoseConfig):
self.cfg = cfg
self.grasp_visualizer = None
self.validate_config(cfg)
self.modules = self.load_model()
self.pipeline = self.build_sampler()
self.finger_center = FINGER_CENTER_CACHE.get(
self.cfg.gripper_name,
np.array([0.0, 0.0, 0.0], dtype=np.float64),
)
(
self.local_contact_points,
self.local_closing_directions,
) = self.build_local_contact_samples()
def validate_config(self, cfg: GraspPoseConfig) -> None:
cfg.model_name = cfg.model_name.lower()
if cfg.model_name not in {"graspgen", "graspgenx"}:
raise ValueError(
"unsupported model '{}', available models: GraspGen, GraspGenX".format(
cfg.model_name
)
)
cfg.graspgen = (
GraspGenHyperConfig()
if cfg.model_name == "graspgen"
else GraspGenXHyperConfig()
)
if cfg.model_name == "graspgen":
cfg.graspgen.gripper_config = cfg.graspgen.gripper_config.format(
cfg.gripper_name
)
def load_model(self):
if self.cfg.model_name == "graspgen":
sys.path.append("thirdparty/GraspGen")
from grasp_gen.grasp_server import GraspGenSampler, load_grasp_cfg
return {
"GraspGenSampler": GraspGenSampler,
"model_cfg": load_grasp_cfg,
}
if self.cfg.model_name == "graspgenx":
sys.path.append("thirdparty/GraspGenX")
from graspgenx.grasp_server import GraspGenXSampler
from graspgenx.utils.checkpoint_io import load_model_cfg
return {
"GraspGenSampler": GraspGenXSampler,
"model_cfg": load_model_cfg,
}
@staticmethod
def _extract_checkpoint_filenames(yml_path: str) -> list[str]:
"""Recursively collect all `checkpoint: <name>.pth` entries.
Walks a GraspGen config yaml so we know every weight file it
requires.
"""
with open(yml_path) as f:
cfg = yaml.safe_load(f)
names: set[str] = set()
def _walk(node) -> None:
if isinstance(node, dict):
for key, value in node.items():
if (
key == "checkpoint"
and isinstance(value, str)
and value.strip()
):
names.add(value.strip())
else:
_walk(value)
elif isinstance(node, list):
for item in node:
_walk(item)
_walk(cfg)
return sorted(names)
@staticmethod
def _dir_has_pth(directory: str, filename: str | None) -> bool:
if filename:
return os.path.exists(os.path.join(directory, filename))
return os.path.isdir(directory) and any(
f.endswith(".pth") for f in os.listdir(directory)
)
def _ensure_checkpoints(
self,
is_ready: callable,
repo_id: str,
allow_patterns: str,
download_dir: str,
desc: str,
) -> None:
"""Download `desc` weights from `repo_id` unless already ready.
Re-checks afterwards so a stale/partial local cache (e.g. config
present but a referenced .pth missing) is retried instead of
silently failing deep inside third-party code.
"""
if is_ready():
return
logger.info(
f"Downloading {desc} weights from Hugging Face. "
"First-time use may take several minutes; please wait patiently."
)
from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
snapshot_download(
repo_id=repo_id,
allow_patterns=allow_patterns,
local_dir=os.path.expanduser(download_dir),
)
if not is_ready():
raise FileNotFoundError(
f"{desc} checkpoint(s) still missing after downloading from "
f"Hugging Face repo '{repo_id}'. The local cache may be from "
"a previous partial download; please remove it and retry, "
"or download manually."
)
def build_sampler(self):
if self.cfg.model_name == "graspgen":
gripper_config = os.path.expanduser(
self.cfg.graspgen.gripper_config
)
checkpoints_dir = os.path.dirname(gripper_config)
def _graspgen_ready() -> bool:
if not os.path.exists(gripper_config):
return False
required = self._extract_checkpoint_filenames(gripper_config)
return all(
os.path.exists(os.path.join(checkpoints_dir, name))
for name in required
)
self._ensure_checkpoints(
_graspgen_ready,
"adithyamurali/GraspGenModels",
"checkpoints/*",
"~/.cache/huggingface/hub/GraspGenModels",
"GraspGen",
)
grasp_cfg = self.modules["model_cfg"](gripper_config)
return self.modules["GraspGenSampler"](grasp_cfg)
if self.cfg.model_name == "graspgenx":
checkpoint_root = os.path.expanduser(
self.cfg.graspgen.checkpoint_root
)
gen_dir = os.path.join(checkpoint_root, "gen")
dis_dir = os.path.join(checkpoint_root, "dis")
def _graspgenx_ready() -> bool:
return (
os.path.exists(os.path.join(gen_dir, "config.yaml"))
and self._dir_has_pth(gen_dir, self.cfg.graspgen.gen_pth)
and self._dir_has_pth(dis_dir, self.cfg.graspgen.dis_pth)
)
self._ensure_checkpoints(
_graspgenx_ready,
"adithyamurali/GraspGenXModel",
"release/*",
"~/.cache/huggingface/hub/GraspGenXModels",
"GraspGenX",
)
model_cfg = self.modules["model_cfg"](
os.path.join(checkpoint_root, "gen"),
os.path.join(checkpoint_root, "dis"),
self.cfg.graspgen.gen_pth,
self.cfg.graspgen.dis_pth,
)
return self.modules["GraspGenSampler"](
model_cfg,
self.cfg.gripper_name,
assets_dir=self.cfg.graspgen.assets_dir,
)
def update_urdf(self, urdf_path: str | None, grasp_path: str) -> None:
if urdf_path is None or not self.cfg.update_urdf:
return
URDFFile(urdf_path).write(
{
"custom_data/affordance/affordance_annot": os.path.relpath(
grasp_path,
os.path.dirname(urdf_path),
),
}
)
def get_part_seg_mesh_transform(self, urdf: URDFFile) -> dict:
return {
"origin_xyz": urdf.read(
".//custom_data/affordance/visual_seg/origin",
attr="xyz",
default="0 0 0",
),
"origin_rpy": urdf.read(
".//custom_data/affordance/visual_seg/origin",
attr="rpy",
default="0 0 0",
),
"scale": urdf.read(
".//custom_data/affordance/visual_seg/geometry/mesh",
attr="scale",
default="1.0 1.0 1.0",
),
}
def add_grasps_to_affordance(
self,
affordance_payload: dict,
grasps: np.ndarray,
confidences: np.ndarray,
part_grasp_ids: dict[int, list[int]] | None,
) -> None:
for affordance in affordance_payload.get("affordances", []):
if (
not isinstance(affordance, dict)
or affordance.get("id") is None
):
continue
affordance.pop("grasps", None)
affordance.pop("confidences", None)
grasp_ids = part_grasp_ids.get(int(affordance["id"]), [])
grasp_group = {}
for grasp_idx in grasp_ids:
grasp = grasps[grasp_idx]
quaternion = tra.quaternion_from_matrix(grasp[:3, :3])
grasp_group[f"grasp_{grasp_idx}"] = {
"confidence": float(confidences[grasp_idx]),
"position": grasp[:3, 3].tolist(),
"orientation": {
"w": float(quaternion[0]),
"xyz": quaternion[1:].tolist(),
},
}
affordance["grasp_group"] = grasp_group
def infer_grasps(
self,
mesh: trimesh.Trimesh,
mesh_path: str,
) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray] | None:
points = sample_surface_points(
mesh, self.cfg.graspgen.num_sample_points
)
center_transform = tra.translation_matrix(-points.mean(axis=0))
centered_points = tra.transform_points(
points, center_transform
).astype(np.float32)
topk_limit = (
self.cfg.graspgen.topk_num_grasps
if self.cfg.graspgen.return_topk
else -1
)
grasps, confidences = self.modules["GraspGenSampler"].run_inference(
centered_points,
self.pipeline,
grasp_threshold=self.cfg.graspgen.grasp_threshold,
num_grasps=self.cfg.graspgen.num_grasps,
topk_num_grasps=topk_limit,
min_grasps=self.cfg.graspgen.min_grasps,
max_tries=self.cfg.graspgen.max_tries,
remove_outliers=self.cfg.graspgen.remove_outliers,
)
confidences = confidences.detach().cpu().numpy()
grasps = grasps.detach().cpu().numpy()
if len(grasps) == 0:
logger.error(f"No grasp poses generated for mesh: {mesh_path}")
return None
grasps = np.asarray(
[tra.inverse_matrix(center_transform) @ grasp for grasp in grasps]
)
return grasps, confidences
def get_grasp_centers(
self,
grasps: np.ndarray,
) -> np.ndarray:
local_centers = np.repeat(
np.asarray(self.finger_center, dtype=np.float64)[None, :],
len(grasps),
axis=0,
)
grasp_center_points = (
np.einsum(
"nij,nj->ni",
grasps[:, :3, :3],
local_centers,
)
+ grasps[:, :3, 3]
)
return grasp_center_points
def build_local_contact_samples(self) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
geometry = GRIPPER_GEOMETRY_CACHE.get(self.cfg.gripper_name)
if geometry is None:
return (
np.asarray(self.finger_center, dtype=np.float64)[None, :],
np.array([[1.0, 0.0, 0.0]], dtype=np.float64),
)
half_width = float(geometry["width"]) / 2.0
depth = float(geometry["depth"])
z_values = np.linspace(depth - 0.015, depth, 6, dtype=np.float64)
points = []
directions = []
for z_value in z_values:
points.extend(
[
[-half_width, 0.0, z_value],
[half_width, 0.0, z_value],
]
)
directions.extend(
[
[1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
[-1.0, 0.0, 0.0],
]
)
return (
np.asarray(points, dtype=np.float64),
np.asarray(directions, dtype=np.float64),
)
def get_grasp_contact_rays(
self,
grasps: np.ndarray,
) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
local_contact_points = np.repeat(
self.local_contact_points[None, :, :],
len(grasps),
axis=0,
)
local_closing_directions = np.repeat(
self.local_closing_directions[None, :, :],
len(grasps),
axis=0,
)
ray_origins = (
np.einsum(
"nij,nkj->nki",
grasps[:, :3, :3],
local_contact_points,
)
+ grasps[:, None, :3, 3]
)
ray_directions = np.einsum(
"nij,nkj->nki",
grasps[:, :3, :3],
local_closing_directions,
)
ray_norms = np.linalg.norm(ray_directions, axis=-1, keepdims=True)
ray_directions = np.divide(
ray_directions,
ray_norms,
out=np.zeros_like(ray_directions),
where=ray_norms > 0.0,
)
return ray_origins, ray_directions
def bind_contact_rays_to_faces(
self,
part_mesh: trimesh.Trimesh,
ray_origins: np.ndarray,
ray_directions: np.ndarray,
) -> np.ndarray:
ray_origins = np.asarray(ray_origins, dtype=np.float64)
ray_directions = np.asarray(ray_directions, dtype=np.float64)
if (
not isinstance(part_mesh, trimesh.Trimesh)
or len(part_mesh.faces) == 0
):
return np.full(len(ray_origins), -1, dtype=np.int64)
try:
face_ids = part_mesh.ray.intersects_first(
ray_origins,
ray_directions,
)
return np.asarray(face_ids, dtype=np.int64)
except Exception as exc:
logger.warning(
"Failed to raycast grasp closing directions to part mesh: "
f"{exc}"
)
return np.full(len(ray_origins), -1, dtype=np.int64)
def classify_grasps_by_contact(
self,
grasps: np.ndarray,
part_mesh: trimesh.Trimesh,
face_ids: np.ndarray | None,
) -> tuple[np.ndarray | None, np.ndarray | None]:
if face_ids is None:
return None, None
face_ids = np.asarray(face_ids, dtype=np.int64)
if len(face_ids) != len(part_mesh.faces):
raise ValueError(
"face_ids length must match segmentation mesh faces, got "
f"{len(face_ids)} and {len(part_mesh.faces)}"
)
ray_origins, ray_directions = self.get_grasp_contact_rays(grasps)
num_grasps, num_contact_points, _ = ray_origins.shape
logger.info(
"Binding {} grasp closing rays to {} part faces.".format(
num_grasps * num_contact_points,
len(part_mesh.faces),
)
)
nearest_face_ids = self.bind_contact_rays_to_faces(
part_mesh,
ray_origins.reshape(-1, 3),
ray_directions.reshape(-1, 3),
).reshape(num_grasps, num_contact_points)
contact_part_ids = self.parts_for_faces(
nearest_face_ids.reshape(-1),
face_ids,
).reshape(num_grasps, num_contact_points)
grasp_part_ids = np.full(num_grasps, -1, dtype=np.int64)
contact_scores = np.zeros(num_grasps, dtype=np.float64)
for grasp_idx, part_ids in enumerate(contact_part_ids):
valid_part_ids = part_ids[part_ids >= 0]
if len(valid_part_ids) == 0:
continue
unique_ids, counts = np.unique(
valid_part_ids,
return_counts=True,
)
best_idx = int(np.argmax(counts))
grasp_part_ids[grasp_idx] = int(unique_ids[best_idx])
contact_scores[grasp_idx] = float(counts[best_idx]) / float(
num_contact_points
)
return grasp_part_ids, contact_scores
def parts_for_faces(
self,
nearest_face_ids: np.ndarray,
face_ids: np.ndarray | None,
) -> np.ndarray | None:
if face_ids is None:
return None
nearest_face_ids = np.asarray(nearest_face_ids, dtype=np.int64)
grasp_part_ids = np.full(len(nearest_face_ids), -1, dtype=np.int64)
valid_mask = (nearest_face_ids >= 0) & (
nearest_face_ids < len(face_ids)
)
grasp_part_ids[valid_mask] = face_ids[nearest_face_ids[valid_mask]]
return grasp_part_ids
def pick_top_grasps(
self,
grasps: np.ndarray,
confidences: np.ndarray,
part_ids: np.ndarray | None,
graspable_part_ids: set[int] | None = None,
part_scores: np.ndarray | None = None,
) -> tuple[
np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, dict[int, list[int]] | None
]:
if part_ids is None:
return (
grasps,
confidences,
np.arange(len(grasps), dtype=np.int64),
None,
)
part_ids = np.asarray(part_ids, dtype=np.int64)
selected_indices = []
selected_part_ids = []
for part_id in sorted(
int(pid) for pid in np.unique(part_ids[part_ids >= 0])
):
if (
graspable_part_ids is not None
and part_id not in graspable_part_ids
):
continue
part_indices = np.flatnonzero(part_ids == part_id)
if part_scores is None:
rank = np.argsort(
-confidences[part_indices],
kind="mergesort",
)
else:
rank = np.lexsort(
(
-confidences[part_indices],
-part_scores[part_indices],
)
)
ranked_indices = part_indices[rank]
if len(ranked_indices) > self.cfg.grasps_per_part:
selected = ranked_indices[: self.cfg.grasps_per_part]
else:
selected = ranked_indices
selected_indices.extend(int(idx) for idx in selected)
selected_part_ids.extend([part_id] * len(selected))
selected_indices = np.asarray(selected_indices, dtype=np.int64)
if len(selected_indices) == 0:
return (
grasps[:0],
confidences[:0],
selected_indices,
{},
)
part_grasp_ids: dict[int, list[int]] = {}
for new_idx, part_id in enumerate(selected_part_ids):
part_grasp_ids.setdefault(part_id, []).append(new_idx)
return (
grasps[selected_indices],
confidences[selected_indices],
selected_indices,
part_grasp_ids,
)
def select_grasps(
self,
grasps: np.ndarray,
confidences: np.ndarray,
part_mesh: trimesh.Trimesh,
face_ids: np.ndarray,
affordance_payload: dict,
) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, dict[int, list[int]]]:
original_count = len(grasps)
# Raycast from fingertip samples along the gripper closing direction.
grasp_center_points = self.get_grasp_centers(grasps)
grasp_part_ids, contact_scores = self.classify_grasps_by_contact(
grasps,
part_mesh,
face_ids,
)
affordances = affordance_payload.get("affordances", [])
graspable_part_ids = {
int(affordance["id"])
for affordance in affordances
if isinstance(affordance, dict)
and affordance.get("id") is not None
and affordance.get("graspable") is True
}
# Select top grasps per part
grasps, confidences, selected_indices, part_grasp_ids = (
self.pick_top_grasps(
grasps,
confidences,
grasp_part_ids,
graspable_part_ids,
contact_scores,
)
)
grasp_center_points = grasp_center_points[selected_indices]
if len(grasps) == 0:
logger.info(
"Selected per-part grasps: {} -> 0 grasps across 0 parts".format(
original_count,
)
)
return grasps, confidences, grasp_center_points, part_grasp_ids
logger.info(
"Selected per-part grasps: {} -> {} grasps across {} parts, confidences range from {:.4f} to {:.4f}".format(
original_count,
len(grasps),
len(part_grasp_ids),
np.min(confidences),
np.max(confidences),
)
)
return grasps, confidences, grasp_center_points, part_grasp_ids
def process(
self,
urdf_path: str,
) -> bool:
try:
return self._process_impl(urdf_path)
except Exception as exc:
logger.error(
"Grasp generation failed for URDF {}: {}".format(
urdf_path,
exc,
)
)
return False
def _process_impl(
self,
urdf_path: str,
) -> bool:
urdf = URDFFile(urdf_path)
mesh_path = urdf.get_mesh_path(self.cfg.mesh_type)
mesh_transform = urdf.get_mesh_transform(self.cfg.mesh_type)
seg_mesh_path = urdf.get_mesh_part_seg_path()
seg_mesh_transform = self.get_part_seg_mesh_transform(urdf)
affordance_path = urdf.get_affordance_annot_path()
affordance_payload = load_json(affordance_path)
if not self.cfg.overwrite:
has_existing_grasp_group = any(
isinstance(affordance, dict) and "grasp_group" in affordance
for affordance in affordance_payload.get("affordances", [])
)
if has_existing_grasp_group:
logger.info(
f"Skip existing grasp poses in affordance JSON: {affordance_path}"
)
return True
logger.info(f"Generating grasps for mesh: {mesh_path}")
mesh = load_mesh(
mesh_path,
apply_origin=True,
apply_scale=True,
**mesh_transform,
)
seg_mesh, face_ids = load_mesh(
seg_mesh_path,
apply_origin=True,
apply_scale=True,
**seg_mesh_transform,
)
grasp_result = self.infer_grasps(mesh, mesh_path)
if grasp_result is None:
return False
grasps, confidences = grasp_result
grasps, confidences, grasp_center_points, part_grasp_ids = (
self.select_grasps(
grasps,
confidences,
seg_mesh,
face_ids,
affordance_payload,
)
)
self.add_grasps_to_affordance(
affordance_payload,
grasps,
confidences,
part_grasp_ids,
)
write_json(affordance_payload, affordance_path)
logger.info(f"Saved predicted grasp poses to {affordance_path}")
self.update_urdf(urdf_path, affordance_path)
logger.info(
"Grasp generation succeeded: {} -> {} ({} grasps)".format(
mesh_path,
affordance_path,
len(grasps),
)
)
if self.cfg.visualize_grasps:
gripper_mesh = load_mesh(self.cfg.gripper_mesh_path)
self.grasp_visualizer = show_grasps(
mesh,
grasps,
confidences,
self.cfg.gripper_name,
self.cfg.model_name,
grasp_center_points=grasp_center_points,
visualizer=self.grasp_visualizer,
visualizer_port=self.cfg.visualizer_port,
gripper_info=self.pipeline.get_gripper_info()
if self.cfg.model_name == "graspgenx"
else None,
gripper_mesh=gripper_mesh,
)
return True
def run_grasp(cfg: GraspPoseConfig) -> None:
generator = GraspGenerator(cfg)
for urdf_path in cfg.urdf_paths:
generator.process(urdf_path)
if cfg.visualize_grasps and generator.grasp_visualizer is not None:
logger.info(
"Keeping grasp visualization alive at http://localhost:{} "
"(press Ctrl+C to exit).".format(cfg.visualizer_port)
)
try:
while True:
time.sleep(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
logger.info("Stopping grasp visualization.")
def entrypoint(*args, **kwargs) -> None:
cfg = tyro.cli(GraspPoseConfig)
run_grasp(cfg)
if __name__ == "__main__":
entrypoint()
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