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<div class="tr-shell">
<header class="tr-topbar">
<div class="tr-brand">
<span class="tr-mark"><i data-lucide="git-branch" aria-hidden="true"></i></span>
<span class="tr-brand-copy">
<strong>COMPLEXITY</strong>
<span class="text-small">Research companion</span>
</span>
</div>
<nav class="tr-actions" aria-label="Research links">
<a class="btn btn-ghost" href="https://www.complexity-ai.fr/papers/token-identity-routing-residual-experts.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i data-lucide="file-text" aria-hidden="true"></i> Paper</a>
<a class="btn btn-ghost" href="https://github.com/Complexity-ML/tmlr-paper-pool" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i data-lucide="package-open" aria-hidden="true"></i> Supplement</a>
<a class="btn btn-ghost" href="https://github.com/Complexity-ML/tmlr-paper-pool" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i data-lucide="github" aria-hidden="true"></i> Code</a>
</nav>
</header>
<section class="tr-hero">
<div class="tr-hero-copy">
<span class="tr-kicker text-small">Interactive architecture study</span>
<h2>Token identity as a routing signal for residual MLP experts</h2>
<p>Explore how a fixed lexical lookup selects a narrow residual parameter subspace while a shared dense SwiGLU path handles contextual computation.</p>
<div class="tr-chip-row">
<span class="viz-badge">306.5M parameters</span>
<span class="viz-badge">8B training tokens</span>
<span class="viz-badge">fixed top-2 routing</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tr-note text-small">
Interactive companion — not additional experimental evidence.
</div>
</section>
<nav class="tr-tabs" aria-label="Interactive paper sections">
<button class="btn tr-tab" type="button" role="tab" aria-selected="true" data-view="overview">Architecture</button>
<button class="btn tr-tab" type="button" role="tab" aria-selected="false" data-view="routing">Routing lab</button>
<button class="btn tr-tab" type="button" role="tab" aria-selected="false" data-view="results">Results</button>
<button class="btn tr-tab" type="button" role="tab" aria-selected="false" data-view="compare">Live compare</button>
</nav>
<section class="tr-view tr-overview is-active" data-panel="overview" role="tabpanel">
<div>
<div class="tr-chip-row" aria-label="Select a token">
<span class="text-small text-muted">Token</span>
<button class="btn tr-token-choice is-selected" type="button" data-token="routing">routing</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-choice" type="button" data-token="context">context</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-choice" type="button" data-token="expert">expert</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-choice" type="button" data-token="shared">shared</button>
</div>
<div class="tr-architecture" role="img" aria-label="The contextual hidden state enters both a shared SwiGLU branch and two selected residual experts. Token identity controls only the fixed route table.">
<svg class="tr-lines" aria-hidden="true">
<path data-from=".tr-context" data-from-anchor="bottom" data-to=".tr-shared" data-to-anchor="top" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="1.5"/>
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</svg>
<div class="tr-node tr-context">
<strong>Contextual hidden state <em>x<sub>t</sub></em></strong>
<span class="text-small">The same contextual vector enters both branches</span>
</div>
<div class="tr-node tr-token route-active">
<strong>Token identifier <em>t</em></strong>
<span class="text-small" data-token-id>routing · tokenizer ID 22447</span>
</div>
<div class="tr-node tr-shared">
<strong>Shared SwiGLU</strong>
<span class="text-small">Width 3,840 · all tokens · contextual computation</span>
</div>
<div class="tr-node tr-table route-active">
<strong>Fixed route table <em>r<sub>l</sub>(t)</em></strong>
<span class="text-small">Selects two of four experts</span>
</div>
<div class="tr-node tr-experts route-active">
<strong style="grid-column:1/-1">Residual experts</strong>
<span class="tr-expert" data-expert="0">E0</span>
<span class="tr-expert route-active" data-expert="1">E1</span>
<span class="tr-expert route-active" data-expert="2">E2</span>
<span class="tr-expert" data-expert="3">E3</span>
</div>
<button class="btn tr-sum" type="button" data-tooltip="Element-wise branch sum" aria-label="Add the branch outputs">+</button>
<div class="tr-node tr-output">
<strong>Feed-forward output</strong>
<span class="text-small">Shared path + 0.5 E<span data-route-a>1</span> + 0.5 E<span data-route-b>2</span></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<aside class="tr-side">
<div class="tr-metric-grid">
<div class="card viz-stat">
<span class="text-muted text-small">Matched pair</span>
<span class="viz-stat-value">306.5M</span>
<span class="text-small">trainable parameters</span>
</div>
<div class="card viz-stat">
<span class="text-muted text-small">Primary run</span>
<span class="viz-stat-value">8B</span>
<span class="text-small">FineWeb-Edu tokens</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card tr-route-detail">
<div class="tr-node-head">
<i data-lucide="route" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<strong>Selected route</strong>
</div>
<p data-route-copy>“routing” selects E1 + E2 in layer 1. The primary route is checkpoint-derived; the published inference runtime derives the cyclic secondary route.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<strong>Scope of evidence</strong>
<p class="text-muted">One matched 306.5M run pair. The result is reported as an observation, not a claim of statistical significance.</p>
</div>
</aside>
</section>
<section class="tr-view" data-panel="routing" role="tabpanel">
<div class="tr-routing-layout">
<div>
<div class="tr-run-head">
<div>
<strong>Layer-specific deterministic routes</strong>
<div class="text-small text-muted">Checkpoint-derived tokenizer IDs and fixed top-2 assignments.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tr-token-grid" style="margin-top:12px">
<button class="btn tr-token-btn is-selected" type="button" data-lab-token="routing">routing</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-btn" type="button" data-lab-token="context">context</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-btn" type="button" data-lab-token="expert">expert</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-btn" type="button" data-lab-token="shared">shared</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-btn" type="button" data-lab-token="token">token</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-btn" type="button" data-lab-token="model">model</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-btn" type="button" data-lab-token="dense">dense</button>
<button class="btn tr-token-btn" type="button" data-lab-token="learned">learned</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="tr-route-matrix" aria-label="Expert assignment matrix">
<span></span><span class="text-small text-center">E0</span><span class="text-small text-center">E1</span><span class="text-small text-center">E2</span><span class="text-small text-center">E3</span>
<span class="text-small">Layer 1</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="1-0">—</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="1-1">0.5</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="1-2">0.5</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="1-3">—</span>
<span class="text-small">Layer 6</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="6-0">—</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="6-1">—</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="6-2">0.5</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="6-3">0.5</span>
<span class="text-small">Layer 12</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="12-0">0.5</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="12-1">—</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="12-2">—</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="12-3">0.5</span>
<span class="text-small">Layer 18</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="18-0">—</span><span class="tr-route-cell" data-cell="18-1">—</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="18-2">0.5</span><span class="tr-route-cell is-on" data-cell="18-3">0.5</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tr-note text-small" data-lab-detail>Token “routing” follows a reproducible, layer-specific route. A different occurrence of the same token keeps the same route, while its hidden-state input still changes with context.</div>
</section>
<section class="tr-view" data-panel="results" role="tabpanel">
<div class="tr-results-layout">
<div>
<div class="tr-run-head">
<div>
<strong>Last common evaluation point</strong>
<div class="text-small text-muted">Fixed evaluation stream from the FineWeb-Edu training split · lower is better</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tr-result-chart" role="img" aria-label="Evaluation NLL: dense 2.9482, token-routed 2.9329.">
<div class="tr-bar-group">
<div class="tr-bar" style="height:81%"><span>2.9482</span></div>
<div class="tr-bar routed" style="height:68%"><span>2.9329</span></div>
<div class="tr-bar-label text-small">Evaluation NLL</div>
</div>
<div class="tr-bar-group">
<div class="tr-bar" style="height:75%"><span>1.00×</span></div>
<div class="tr-bar routed" style="height:96%"><span>0.79×</span></div>
<div class="tr-bar-label text-small">Training throughput</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tr-legend text-small" style="margin-top:30px">
<span class="tr-swatch"></span><span>Dense</span>
<span class="tr-swatch routed"></span><span>Token-routed</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card">
<table class="table table-sm">
<thead>
<tr><th>Measurement</th><th class="text-end">Dense</th><th class="text-end">Routed</th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr><td>Parameters</td><td class="text-end">306.5M</td><td class="text-end">306.5M</td></tr>
<tr><td>Evaluation NLL</td><td class="text-end">2.9482</td><td class="text-end">2.9329</td></tr>
<tr><td>NLL difference</td><td class="text-end">—</td><td class="text-end">−0.0153</td></tr>
<tr><td>Training tokens</td><td class="text-end">8B</td><td class="text-end">8B</td></tr>
<tr><td>Seeds</td><td class="text-end">1</td><td class="text-end">1</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="text-small text-muted">Single-seed matched-run observation. Evaluation is not held out; downstream multiple-choice differences are within one reported standard error.</p>
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="tr-view" data-panel="compare" role="tabpanel">
<div class="tr-prompt-row">
<label class="form-label">
Prompt
<input class="form-control" data-prompt value="Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that" />
</label>
<button class="btn btn-primary" type="button" data-run>
<i data-lucide="play" aria-hidden="true"></i> Run comparison
</button>
</div>
<div class="tr-compare-grid">
<div class="card">
<div class="tr-run-head">
<strong>Dense-306</strong>
<span class="viz-badge" data-dense-state>ready</span>
</div>
<p class="tr-generation" data-dense-output aria-live="polite">Dense output will stream here token by token.</p>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="tr-run-head">
<strong>TR-MOE-306</strong>
<span class="viz-badge" data-routed-state>ready</span>
</div>
<p class="tr-generation" data-routed-output aria-live="polite">Token-routed output will stream here token by token.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tr-status text-small" data-status>Public CPU inference · SSE streaming · qualitative comparison only</div>
</section>
</div>
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const COMPARE_ENDPOINT = "https://pacific-i64-compare-306.hf.space/v1/compare";
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