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| import csv | |
| from pathlib import Path | |
| DATA_FILE = Path("") | |
| def load_rows(path=DATA_FILE): | |
| """讀取 CSV；utf-8-sig 也能正確處理政府資料常見的 BOM。""" | |
| with open(path, encoding="utf-8-sig", newline="") as file: | |
| return list(csv.DictReader(file)) | |
| def parse_count(value): | |
| """將數字欄位轉成整數或浮點數；空白或非數字代表未知，不當成 0。""" | |
| cleaned = (value or "").strip().replace(",", "") | |
| if not cleaned or cleaned == "-": | |
| return None | |
| try: | |
| return int(cleaned) | |
| except ValueError: | |
| try: | |
| return float(cleaned) | |
| except ValueError: | |
| return None | |
| def analyze_extremes(rows, field): | |
| """找出指定欄位在各統計期中最高與最低的年份與數值。""" | |
| valid_rows = [] | |
| for row in rows: | |
| period = row.get("統計期", "").strip() | |
| val = parse_count(row.get(field)) | |
| if period and val is not None: | |
| valid_rows.append((period, val)) | |
| if not valid_rows: | |
| return None, None | |
| max_item = max(valid_rows, key=lambda item: item[1]) | |
| min_item = min(valid_rows, key=lambda item: item[1]) | |
| return max_item, min_item | |
| def print_text_chart(rows, field, label, limit=10): | |
| """在 Console 印出簡單長條圖，讓數字趨勢便於檢視。""" | |
| valid_rows = [] | |
| for row in rows: | |
| period = row.get("統計期", "").strip() | |
| val = parse_count(row.get(field)) | |
| if period and val is not None: | |
| valid_rows.append((period, val)) | |
| if not valid_rows: | |
| print(f"沒有符合條件的資料：{label}") | |
| return | |
| visible = valid_rows[-limit:] | |
| largest = max(value for _, value in visible) | |
| print(f"\n=== {label} 近期趨勢與長條圖 ===") | |
| print(f"統計期 人數 | 比例長條") | |
| for period, value in visible: | |
| bar_length = round(value / largest * 24) if largest else 0 | |
| print(f"{period:<6} {value:>10,} | {'█' * bar_length}") | |
| def main(): | |
| rows = load_rows() | |
| fields = list(rows[0]) if rows else [] | |
| print("=== 資料分析：人口統計資料 ===") | |
| print(f"讀入 {len(rows)} 列資料") | |
| print(f"欄位：{', '.join(fields)}") | |
| print() | |
| targets = [ | |
| ("", "全部總計人口"), | |
| ("", "男性人口"), | |
| ("", "女性人口") | |
| ] | |
| for field, label in targets: | |
| max_item, min_item = analyze_extremes(rows, field) | |
| if max_item and min_item: | |
| print(f"【{label}分析】") | |
| print(f" - 最高：{max_item[0]}（共 {max_item[1]:,} 人）") | |
| print(f" - 最低：{min_item[0]}（共 {min_item[1]:,} 人）") | |
| print() | |
| # 範例：印出總計人口的近期長條圖 | |
| # print_text_chart(rows, "人口數/總計[人]", "全部總計人口") | |
| if __name__ == "__main__": | |
| main() |