| <!DOCTYPE html> |
| <html lang="en"> |
| <head> |
| <meta charset="UTF-8"> |
| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> |
| <title>C++ Exam Cheat Sheet - OOP</title> |
| <script src="https://cdn.tailwindcss.com"></script> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.4.0/css/all.min.css"> |
| <script> |
| tailwind.config = { |
| theme: { |
| extend: { |
| colors: { |
| primary: '#2563eb', |
| secondary: '#f59e0b', |
| tertiary: '#10b981', |
| dark: '#1e293b', |
| light: '#f8fafc' |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| } |
| </script> |
| <style> |
| @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=JetBrains+Mono:wght@400;500;700&family=Poppins:wght@300;400;500;600;700&display=swap'); |
| |
| body { |
| font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif; |
| background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f9ff 0%, #e0f2fe 100%); |
| color: #1e293b; |
| } |
| |
| h1, h2, h3 { |
| font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif; |
| font-weight: 700; |
| } |
| |
| .code-font { |
| font-family: 'JetBrains Mono', monospace; |
| } |
| |
| .header-gradient { |
| background: linear-gradient(135deg, #2563eb 0%, #1d4ed8 100%); |
| } |
| |
| .unit-card { |
| transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease; |
| border-radius: 16px; |
| overflow: hidden; |
| border: none; |
| } |
| |
| .unit-card:hover { |
| transform: translateY(-5px); |
| box-shadow: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 10px 10px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04); |
| } |
| |
| .unit-1 { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3b82f6 0%, #2563eb 100%); } |
| .unit-2 { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f59e0b 0%, #d97706 100%); } |
| .unit-3 { background: linear-gradient(135deg, #10b981 0%, #059669 100%); } |
| |
| .code-block { |
| background: #1e293b; |
| border-radius: 12px; |
| padding: 1.5rem; |
| position: relative; |
| overflow-x: auto; |
| } |
| |
| .code-block::before { |
| content: ''; |
| position: absolute; |
| top: 12px; |
| left: 12px; |
| width: 12px; |
| height: 12px; |
| background: #ef4444; |
| border-radius: 50%; |
| box-shadow: 20px 0 0 #f59e0b, 40px 0 0 #10b981; |
| } |
| |
| .tip-card { |
| border-left: 4px solid #f59e0b; |
| background: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.1); |
| } |
| |
| .tip-card i { |
| color: #f59e0b; |
| } |
| |
| .table-container { |
| overflow-x: auto; |
| } |
| |
| .highlight { |
| background: linear-gradient(120deg, rgba(251, 191, 36, 0.3) 0%, rgba(251, 191, 36, 0) 100%); |
| padding: 0.2rem 0.4rem; |
| border-radius: 4px; |
| font-weight: 600; |
| } |
| |
| .key-point { |
| background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.1); |
| border-radius: 8px; |
| padding: 1.5rem; |
| } |
| |
| .concept-pill { |
| background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.1); |
| padding: 0.5rem 1rem; |
| border-radius: 9999px; |
| font-weight: 600; |
| display: inline-flex; |
| align-items: center; |
| gap: 0.5rem; |
| } |
| |
| .badge { |
| padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem; |
| border-radius: 9999px; |
| font-weight: 600; |
| font-size: 0.75rem; |
| } |
| |
| @media (max-width: 768px) { |
| .header-content { |
| flex-direction: column; |
| text-align: center; |
| } |
| } |
| </style> |
| </head> |
| <body class="min-h-screen py-8 px-4 sm:px-6 lg:px-8"> |
| <div class="max-w-6xl mx-auto"> |
| |
| <header class="header-gradient text-white rounded-2xl shadow-xl mb-12 overflow-hidden"> |
| <div class="p-8 md:p-12"> |
| <div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row items-center justify-between gap-6 header-content"> |
| <div class="flex items-center gap-4"> |
| <div class="bg-white/20 p-4 rounded-xl"> |
| <i class="fas fa-file-code text-4xl"></i> |
| </div> |
| <div> |
| <h1 class="text-3xl md:text-4xl font-bold">C++ Exam Cheat Sheet (1-Page)</h1> |
| <div class="mt-2 flex flex-wrap gap-2"> |
| <span class="badge bg-white/20">OOP</span> |
| <span class="badge bg-white/20">C++</span> |
| <span class="badge bg-white/20">Exam Prep</span> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="text-center md:text-right"> |
| <p class="text-lg font-medium"><i class="fas fa-book mr-2"></i>Subject: Object-Oriented Programming with C++</p> |
| <p class="text-lg mt-1"><i class="fas fa-user-graduate mr-2"></i>For: Diploma in Computer Engineering (2nd Year)</p> |
| <p class="text-lg mt-1"><i class="fas fa-database mr-2"></i>Based on: Official Question Bank (Units 1–3)</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </header> |
|
|
| <div class="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-8"> |
| |
| <div class="unit-card bg-white shadow-lg"> |
| <div class="unit-1 text-white p-6"> |
| <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold flex items-center gap-2"> |
| <i class="fas fa-cube"></i> UNIT 1: Principles of OOP |
| </h2> |
| </div> |
| <div class="p-6"> |
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <div class="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-primary">OOP Definition (2 marks)</h3> |
| <span class="badge bg-primary/20 text-primary">Key Concept</span> |
| </div> |
| <div class="bg-blue-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-primary mb-4"> |
| <p class="font-medium"> |
| <span class="highlight">OOP</span> = Object-Oriented Programming. It uses |
| <span class="highlight">objects</span> (instances of classes) to model real-world entities. |
| Focuses on <span class="highlight">data security, reusability, and modularity</span>. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="mt-4"> |
| <h4 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-2">Core Concepts (Remember A PIE):</h4> |
| <div class="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-3"> |
| <div class="concept-pill text-primary"> |
| <i class="fas fa-eye-slash"></i> <span class="font-bold">A</span>bstracton → Hide internal details |
| </div> |
| <div class="concept-pill text-primary"> |
| <i class="fas fa-shapes"></i> <span class="font-bold">P</span>olymorphism → One name, many forms |
| </div> |
| <div class="concept-pill text-primary"> |
| <i class="fas fa-sitemap"></i> <span class="font-bold">I</span>nheritance → Reuse parent class |
| </div> |
| <div class="concept-pill text-primary"> |
| <i class="fas fa-box"></i> <span class="font-bold">E</span>ncapsulation → Bind data + functions |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-primary mb-4">OOP vs POP (3 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="table-container"> |
| <table class="min-w-full divide-y divide-gray-200 border border-gray-200 rounded-lg overflow-hidden"> |
| <thead class="bg-primary/10"> |
| <tr> |
| <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium text-dark">Feature</th> |
| <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium text-dark">OOP</th> |
| <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium text-dark">POP</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody class="divide-y divide-gray-200"> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium">Approach</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">Bottom-up</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">Top-down</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium">Data & Functions</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">Combined (in objects)</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">Separate</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium">Inheritance</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 text-green-600"><i class="fas fa-check-circle mr-1"></i> Yes</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 text-red-600"><i class="fas fa-times-circle mr-1"></i> No</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium">Access Control</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 text-green-600"><i class="fas fa-check-circle mr-1"></i> (public/private)</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 text-red-600"><i class="fas fa-times-circle mr-1"></i> No</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium">Examples</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">C++, Java</td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">C, BASIC</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-primary mb-4">Access Specifiers (3–4 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="table-container"> |
| <table class="min-w-full divide-y divide-gray-200 border border-gray-200 rounded-lg overflow-hidden"> |
| <thead class="bg-primary/10"> |
| <tr> |
| <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium text-dark">Specifier</th> |
| <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium text-dark">Access</th> |
| </tr> |
| </thead> |
| <tbody class="divide-y divide-gray-200"> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium"><code>public</code></td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">Anywhere</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium"><code>private</code></td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">Only in class</td> |
| </tr> |
| <tr class="hover:bg-gray-50"> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3 font-medium"><code>protected</code></td> |
| <td class="px-4 py-3">In class & derived classes</td> |
| </tr> |
| </tbody> |
| </table> |
| </div> |
| <div class="mt-4 bg-yellow-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-yellow-500"> |
| <p class="font-medium text-dark"> |
| <i class="fas fa-exclamation-circle text-yellow-500 mr-2"></i> |
| <code>private</code> members <span class="font-bold">cannot be accessed in <code>main()</code></span>. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-primary mb-4">Scope Resolution Operator (::) (3 marks)</h3> |
| <p class="mb-4">Used to:</p> |
| <ol class="list-decimal list-inside mb-4 space-y-2"> |
| <li>Access <span class="highlight">global variable</span> when local has same name</li> |
| <li>Define <span class="highlight">member functions outside class</span></li> |
| </ol> |
| <div class="code-block"> |
| <pre class="text-green-400 code-font"><code>int x = 10; |
| int main() { |
| int x = 20; |
| cout << ::x; // prints 10 |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="unit-card bg-white shadow-lg"> |
| <div class="unit-2 text-white p-6"> |
| <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold flex items-center gap-2"> |
| <i class="fas fa-functions"></i> UNIT 2: Functions, Classes & Objects |
| </h2> |
| </div> |
| <div class="p-6"> |
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-secondary mb-4">Inline Function (3–4 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="bg-amber-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-secondary mb-4"> |
| <p class="font-medium"> |
| Function expanded at compile time for speed. Use <code class="highlight">inline</code> keyword. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="code-block"> |
| <pre class="text-green-400 code-font"><code>inline int cube(int a) { |
| return a * a * a; |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="mt-4 bg-yellow-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-yellow-500"> |
| <p class="font-medium text-dark"> |
| <i class="fas fa-lightbulb text-yellow-500 mr-2"></i> |
| Use for <span class="font-bold">short, frequently called functions</span>. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-secondary mb-4">Function Overloading (3–4 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="bg-amber-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-secondary mb-4"> |
| <p class="font-medium"> |
| Same name, <span class="highlight">different parameters</span> (number or type). |
| <span class="font-bold">Not by return type</span>. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="code-block"> |
| <pre class="text-green-400 code-font"><code>class Cal { |
| public: |
| int add(int a, int b) { return a+b; } |
| int add(int a, int b, int c) { return a+b+c; } |
| };</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-secondary mb-4">Friend Function (3 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="bg-amber-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-secondary mb-4"> |
| <p class="font-medium"> |
| Non-member function that can access <code>private</code> members using <code>friend</code>. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="code-block"> |
| <pre class="text-green-400 code-font"><code>class Test { |
| int a; |
| public: |
| friend void show(Test t); |
| }; |
|
|
| void show(Test t) { |
| cout << t.a; // OK! |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-secondary mb-4">Class & Object (2 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4"> |
| <div class="key-point"> |
| <h4 class="font-bold text-lg text-secondary mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"> |
| <i class="fas fa-blueprint"></i> Class |
| </h4> |
| <p>Blueprint (<code class="bg-secondary/10 p-1 rounded">class Student {};</code>)</p> |
| </div> |
| <div class="key-point"> |
| <h4 class="font-bold text-lg text-secondary mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"> |
| <i class="fas fa-cube"></i> Object |
| </h4> |
| <p>Instance (<code class="bg-secondary/10 p-1 rounded">Student s1;</code>)</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="mt-4 bg-yellow-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-yellow-500"> |
| <p class="font-medium text-dark"> |
| <i class="fas fa-info-circle text-yellow-500 mr-2"></i> |
| An <span class="font-bold">instance of a class</span> = object created at runtime. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="unit-card bg-white shadow-lg"> |
| <div class="unit-3 text-white p-6"> |
| <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold flex items-center gap-2"> |
| <i class="fas fa-tools"></i> UNIT 3: Constructor & Destructor |
| </h2> |
| </div> |
| <div class="p-6"> |
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-tertiary mb-4">Constructor (3 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="bg-emerald-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-tertiary mb-4"> |
| <p class="font-medium"> |
| Special function with <span class="highlight">same name as class</span>, called |
| <span class="highlight">automatically</span> when object is created. |
| <span class="font-bold">No return type</span>. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| <div> |
| <h4 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-3">Types:</h4> |
| <div class="space-y-3"> |
| <div class="flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <div class="bg-tertiary text-white rounded-full h-6 w-6 flex items-center justify-center mt-1 flex-shrink-0">1</div> |
| <div> |
| <span class="font-bold">Default</span> → No parameters |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <div class="bg-tertiary text-white rounded-full h-6 w-6 flex items-center justify-center mt-1 flex-shrink-0">2</div> |
| <div> |
| <span class="font-bold">Parameterized</span> → Takes parameters |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <div class="bg-tertiary text-white rounded-full h-6 w-6 flex items-center justify-center mt-1 flex-shrink-0">3</div> |
| <div> |
| <span class="font-bold">Copy</span> → Initializes using another object |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="mb-8"> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-tertiary mb-4">Parameterized Constructor (3–4 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="code-block"> |
| <pre class="text-green-400 code-font"><code>class Student { |
| public: |
| int id; |
| string name; |
| Student(int i, string n) { |
| id = i; |
| name = n; |
| } |
| }; |
|
|
| // Usage: Student s(101, "Rahul");</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="text-xl font-bold text-tertiary mb-4">Program: Student Details (3 marks)</h3> |
| <div class="code-block"> |
| <pre class="text-green-400 code-font"><code>#include <iostream> |
| using namespace std; |
|
|
| class Student { |
| public: |
| int id; |
| string name; |
| float salary; |
| Student(int i, string n, float s) { |
| id = i; |
| name = n; |
| salary = s; |
| } |
| void display() { |
| cout << id << " " << name << " " << salary << endl; |
| } |
| }; |
|
|
| int main() { |
| Student s1(101, "Rahul", 50000); |
| s1.display(); |
| return 0; |
| }</code></pre> |
| </div> |
| <div class="mt-4 bg-emerald-50 p-4 rounded-lg border-l-4 border-emerald-500"> |
| <p class="font-medium text-dark"> |
| <i class="fas fa-pen-alt text-emerald-500 mr-2"></i> |
| <span class="font-bold">Write this in exam</span> — covers Q25, Q27, and constructor use. |
| </p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <div class="mt-12 bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-lg overflow-hidden"> |
| <div class="bg-gradient-to-r from-primary to-secondary p-6"> |
| <h2 class="text-2xl font-bold text-white flex items-center gap-3"> |
| <i class="fas fa-lightbulb"></i> Quick Tips for Exam |
| </h2> |
| </div> |
| <div class="p-6 grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-6"> |
| <div class="tip-card p-5 rounded-lg flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <i class="fas fa-pen text-2xl mt-1"></i> |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-2">Write Neatly & Underline</h3> |
| <p>Underline keywords: <code class="bg-primary/10 p-1 rounded">private</code>, |
| <code class="bg-primary/10 p-1 rounded">friend</code>, |
| <code class="bg-primary/10 p-1 rounded">inline</code>, |
| <code class="bg-primary/10 p-1 rounded">::</code></p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="tip-card p-5 rounded-lg flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <i class="fas fa-table text-2xl mt-1"></i> |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-2">Draw Tables</h3> |
| <p>For comparisons (OOP vs POP, access specifiers) to organize information clearly.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="tip-card p-5 rounded-lg flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <i class="fas fa-code text-2xl mt-1"></i> |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-2">Write Small Code</h3> |
| <p>Even 4 lines with comments = full marks. Focus on key concepts.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="tip-card p-5 rounded-lg flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <i class="fas fa-hourglass-half text-2xl mt-1"></i> |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-2">Time Management</h3> |
| <p>Spend 1 min per 2 marks — don't over-write answers.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="tip-card p-5 rounded-lg flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <i class="fas fa-exclamation-triangle text-2xl mt-1"></i> |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-2">Don't Leave Blanks</h3> |
| <p>If blank, write something — definition, syntax, or example.</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| |
| <div class="tip-card p-5 rounded-lg flex items-start gap-3"> |
| <i class="fas fa-check-circle text-2xl mt-1"></i> |
| <div> |
| <h3 class="font-bold text-lg text-dark mb-2">Review Core Concepts</h3> |
| <p>Focus on A PIE (Abstraction, Polymorphism, Inheritance, Encapsulation).</p> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
|
|
| |
| <footer class="mt-12 text-center text-gray-600"> |
| <p class="mb-2">C++ Exam Cheat Sheet - Diploma in Computer Engineering (2nd Year)</p> |
| <p>Based on Official Question Bank - Units 1–3</p> |
| <div class="mt-4 flex justify-center gap-4"> |
| <a href="#" class="text-primary hover:text-primary/80"><i class="fab fa-github"></i></a> |
| <a href="#" class="text-primary hover:text-primary/80"><i class="fab fa-linkedin"></i></a> |
| <a href="#" class="text-primary hover:text-primary/80"><i class="fas fa-envelope"></i></a> |
| </div> |
| </footer> |
| </div> |
| </body> |
| </html> |
