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tiny-voca / dizione /data /function_words.txt

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# Function words: weak forms and how each word takes sentence stress.
#
# Written by hand. The dictionary gives every word its full, stressed form;
# in running speech these words are unstressed or half stressed, and a few
# have a different vowel. The choices among valid weak forms (for example
# "of" with ʌ, "has" with ɐ) follow the tokens the TTS model was trained on.
#
# Columns (separated by two or more spaces): word, class, form, final form.
#   u    never stressed
#   uf   unstressed; stressed when it is the last word of its clause
#   ur   unstressed; stressed when no stressed word follows in the clause
#   s    secondary stress; primary when no stressed word follows in the clause
#   ss   always secondary stress
#   si   secondary when it opens the clause, otherwise unstressed; primary
#        when no stressed word follows
#   pf   stressed as written; the final form when it closes the clause
# The form is the medial one. The final form is used when the word is
# promoted; without it the marked (or first) vowel takes the primary stress.

# articles, pronouns, determiners
the         u    ð ə
a           u    ɐ
an          u    ɐ n
i           uf   aɪ
you         u    j uː
he          u    h iː
she         u    ʃ iː
it          u    ɪ t
we          u    w iː
they        u    ð eɪ
me          ss   m ˌiː
him         ss   h ˌɪ m
her         u    h ɜː
us          ss   ˌʌ s
them        ss   ð ˌɛ m
my          uf   m aɪ
your        u    j ʊɹ
his         uf   h ɪ z
its         u    ɪ t s
our         ss   ˌaʊ ɚ
their       u    ð ɛɹ
this        uf   ð ɪ s
that        uf   ð æ t
these       uf   ð iː z
those       uf   ð oʊ z
some        ss   s ˌʌ m
any         ss   ˌɛ n i
who         s    h ˌuː
whose       s    h ˌuː z
which       ss   w ˌɪ tʃ
what        si   w ˌʌ t
where       s    w ˌɛɹ
when        si   w ˌɛ n
why         s    w ˌaɪ
how         s    h ˌaʊ
there       uf   ð ɛɹ

# auxiliaries
am          u    æ m
is          u    ɪ z
are         u    ɑːɹ
was         u    w ʌ z
were        u    w ɜː
be          uf   b iː
been        ss   b ˌɪ n
being       s    b ˌiː ɪ ŋ
have        uf   h æ v
has         uf   h ɐ z            h ˈæ z
had         uf   h æ d            h ˌæ d
having      ss   h ˌæ v ɪ ŋ
will        ur   w ɪ l
would       uf   w ʊ d
shall       ss   ʃ ˌæ l
should      s    ʃ ˌʊ d
can         ur   k æ n
could       uf   k ʊ d
might       s    m ˌaɪ t
get         ur   ɡ ɛ t
got         ur   ɡ ɑː t
getting     ss   ɡ ˌɛ ɾ ɪ ŋ
go          s    ɡ ˌoʊ
goes        ur   ɡ oʊ z
going       s    ɡ ˌoʊ ɪ ŋ
gone        ur   ɡ ɔ n
went        uf   w ɛ n t
make        ss   m ˌeɪ k
makes       ss   m ˌeɪ k s
making      ss   m ˌeɪ k ɪ ŋ
made        s    m ˌeɪ d
put         ss   p ˌʊ t
doing       ss   d ˌuː ɪ ŋ
became      ss   b ɪ k ˌeɪ m
become      s    b ɪ k ˌʌ m

# contractions
i'm         u    aɪ m
i'll        u    aɪ l
i've        u    aɪ v
i'd         u    aɪ d
you're      u    j ʊɹ
you'll      u    j uː l
you've      u    j uː v
you'd       u    j uː d
he's        u    h iː z
he'll       u    h iː l
he'd        u    h iː d
she's       u    ʃ iː z
she'll      u    ʃ iː l
she'd       u    ʃ iː d
it's        u    ɪ t s
it'll       ss   ˌɪ ɾ əl
we're       u    w ɪɹ
we'll       u    w iː l
we've       u    w iː v
we'd        u    w iː d
they're     u    ð eɪ ɚ
they'll     u    ð eɪ l
they've     u    ð eɪ v
they'd      u    ð eɪ d
that's      u    ð æ t s
there's     u    ð ɛɹ z
what's      ss   w ˌʌ t s
who's       ss   h ˌuː z
where's     ss   w ˌɛɹ z
how's       ss   h ˌaʊ z
isn't       s    ˌɪ z ə n t
won't       uf   w oʊ n t
couldn't    s    k ˌʊ d ə n t
shouldn't   s    ʃ ˌʊ d ə n t

# prepositions, conjunctions, particles
of          u    ʌ v
to          uf   t ə              t uː
in          uf   ɪ n
on          s    ˌɔ n
at          u    æ t
by          uf   b aɪ
for         u    f ɔːɹ
from        u    f ɹ ʌ m
with        u    w ɪ ð
as          u    æ z
than        u    ð ɐ n
and         uf   æ n d
or          u    ɔːɹ
if          u    ɪ f
but         s    b ˌʌ t
so          s    s ˌoʊ
not         s    n ˌɑː t
up          s    ˌʌ p
down        s    d ˌaʊ n
about       s    ɐ b ˌaʊ t
above       s    ə b ˌʌ v
across      ss   ə k ɹ ˌɑː s
among       ss   ɐ m ˌʌ ŋ
before      s    b ᵻ f ˌoːɹ
behind      s    b ᵻ h ˌaɪ n d
below       s    b ᵻ l ˌoʊ
beneath     ss   b ᵻ n ˌiː θ
beside      s    b ᵻ s ˌaɪ d
between     s    b ᵻ t w ˌiː n
beyond      ss   b ᵻ j ˌɔ n d
into        ss   ˌɪ n t ʊ
onto        ss   ˌɑː n t ʊ
unto        ss   ˌʌ n t ʊ
upon        ss   ə p ˌɑː n
over        s    ˌoʊ v ɚ
under       s    ˌʌ n d ɚ
near        s    n ˌɪɹ
nearly      ss   n ˌɪɹ l i
through     ur   θ ɹ uː
within      s    w ɪ ð ˌɪ n
without     s    w ɪ ð ˌaʊ t
while       s    w ˌaɪ l
though      s    ð ˌoʊ
together    s    t ə ɡ ˌɛ ð ɚ
already     s    ɔː l ɹ ˌɛ d i
whenever    ss   w ɛ n ˌɛ v ɚ
sir         s    s ˌɜː

# numbers: "one" weakens at the end of a clause; the teens are stressed on the
# first syllable before another word and on "teen" at the end
one         pf   w ˈʌ n           w ˌʌ n
thirteen    pf   θ ˈɜː t iː n     θ ɜː t ˈiː n
fourteen    pf   f ˈoːɹ t iː n    f oːɹ t ˈiː n
fifteen     pf   f ˈɪ f t iː n    f ɪ f t ˈiː n
sixteen     pf   s ˈɪ k s t iː n  s ɪ k s t ˈiː n
seventeen   pf   s ˈɛ v ə n t iː n  s ɛ v ə n t ˈiː n
eighteen    pf   ˈeɪ t iː n       eɪ t ˈiː n
nineteen    pf   n ˈaɪ n t iː n   n aɪ n t ˈiː n

	# Function words: weak forms and how each word takes sentence stress.
	#
	# Written by hand. The dictionary gives every word its full, stressed form;
	# in running speech these words are unstressed or half stressed, and a few
	# have a different vowel. The choices among valid weak forms (for example
	# "of" with ʌ, "has" with ɐ) follow the tokens the TTS model was trained on.
	#
	# Columns (separated by two or more spaces): word, class, form, final form.
	# u never stressed
	# uf unstressed; stressed when it is the last word of its clause
	# ur unstressed; stressed when no stressed word follows in the clause
	# s secondary stress; primary when no stressed word follows in the clause
	# ss always secondary stress
	# si secondary when it opens the clause, otherwise unstressed; primary
	# when no stressed word follows
	# pf stressed as written; the final form when it closes the clause
	# The form is the medial one. The final form is used when the word is
	# promoted; without it the marked (or first) vowel takes the primary stress.

	# articles, pronouns, determiners
	the u ð ə
	a u ɐ
	an u ɐ n
	i uf aɪ
	you u j uː
	he u h iː
	she u ʃ iː
	it u ɪ t
	we u w iː
	they u ð eɪ
	me ss m ˌiː
	him ss h ˌɪ m
	her u h ɜː
	us ss ˌʌ s
	them ss ð ˌɛ m
	my uf m aɪ
	your u j ʊɹ
	his uf h ɪ z
	its u ɪ t s
	our ss ˌaʊ ɚ
	their u ð ɛɹ
	this uf ð ɪ s
	that uf ð æ t
	these uf ð iː z
	those uf ð oʊ z
	some ss s ˌʌ m
	any ss ˌɛ n i
	who s h ˌuː
	whose s h ˌuː z
	which ss w ˌɪ tʃ
	what si w ˌʌ t
	where s w ˌɛɹ
	when si w ˌɛ n
	why s w ˌaɪ
	how s h ˌaʊ
	there uf ð ɛɹ

	# auxiliaries
	am u æ m
	is u ɪ z
	are u ɑːɹ
	was u w ʌ z
	were u w ɜː
	be uf b iː
	been ss b ˌɪ n
	being s b ˌiː ɪ ŋ
	have uf h æ v
	has uf h ɐ z h ˈæ z
	had uf h æ d h ˌæ d
	having ss h ˌæ v ɪ ŋ
	will ur w ɪ l
	would uf w ʊ d
	shall ss ʃ ˌæ l
	should s ʃ ˌʊ d
	can ur k æ n
	could uf k ʊ d
	might s m ˌaɪ t
	get ur ɡ ɛ t
	got ur ɡ ɑː t
	getting ss ɡ ˌɛ ɾ ɪ ŋ
	go s ɡ ˌoʊ
	goes ur ɡ oʊ z
	going s ɡ ˌoʊ ɪ ŋ
	gone ur ɡ ɔ n
	went uf w ɛ n t
	make ss m ˌeɪ k
	makes ss m ˌeɪ k s
	making ss m ˌeɪ k ɪ ŋ
	made s m ˌeɪ d
	put ss p ˌʊ t
	doing ss d ˌuː ɪ ŋ
	became ss b ɪ k ˌeɪ m
	become s b ɪ k ˌʌ m

	# contractions
	i'm u aɪ m
	i'll u aɪ l
	i've u aɪ v
	i'd u aɪ d
	you're u j ʊɹ
	you'll u j uː l
	you've u j uː v
	you'd u j uː d
	he's u h iː z
	he'll u h iː l
	he'd u h iː d
	she's u ʃ iː z
	she'll u ʃ iː l
	she'd u ʃ iː d
	it's u ɪ t s
	it'll ss ˌɪ ɾ əl
	we're u w ɪɹ
	we'll u w iː l
	we've u w iː v
	we'd u w iː d
	they're u ð eɪ ɚ
	they'll u ð eɪ l
	they've u ð eɪ v
	they'd u ð eɪ d
	that's u ð æ t s
	there's u ð ɛɹ z
	what's ss w ˌʌ t s
	who's ss h ˌuː z
	where's ss w ˌɛɹ z
	how's ss h ˌaʊ z
	isn't s ˌɪ z ə n t
	won't uf w oʊ n t
	couldn't s k ˌʊ d ə n t
	shouldn't s ʃ ˌʊ d ə n t

	# prepositions, conjunctions, particles
	of u ʌ v
	to uf t ə t uː
	in uf ɪ n
	on s ˌɔ n
	at u æ t
	by uf b aɪ
	for u f ɔːɹ
	from u f ɹ ʌ m
	with u w ɪ ð
	as u æ z
	than u ð ɐ n
	and uf æ n d
	or u ɔːɹ
	if u ɪ f
	but s b ˌʌ t
	so s s ˌoʊ
	not s n ˌɑː t
	up s ˌʌ p
	down s d ˌaʊ n
	about s ɐ b ˌaʊ t
	above s ə b ˌʌ v
	across ss ə k ɹ ˌɑː s
	among ss ɐ m ˌʌ ŋ
	before s b ᵻ f ˌoːɹ
	behind s b ᵻ h ˌaɪ n d
	below s b ᵻ l ˌoʊ
	beneath ss b ᵻ n ˌiː θ
	beside s b ᵻ s ˌaɪ d
	between s b ᵻ t w ˌiː n
	beyond ss b ᵻ j ˌɔ n d
	into ss ˌɪ n t ʊ
	onto ss ˌɑː n t ʊ
	unto ss ˌʌ n t ʊ
	upon ss ə p ˌɑː n
	over s ˌoʊ v ɚ
	under s ˌʌ n d ɚ
	near s n ˌɪɹ
	nearly ss n ˌɪɹ l i
	through ur θ ɹ uː
	within s w ɪ ð ˌɪ n
	without s w ɪ ð ˌaʊ t
	while s w ˌaɪ l
	though s ð ˌoʊ
	together s t ə ɡ ˌɛ ð ɚ
	already s ɔː l ɹ ˌɛ d i
	whenever ss w ɛ n ˌɛ v ɚ
	sir s s ˌɜː

	# numbers: "one" weakens at the end of a clause; the teens are stressed on the
	# first syllable before another word and on "teen" at the end
	one pf w ˈʌ n w ˌʌ n
	thirteen pf θ ˈɜː t iː n θ ɜː t ˈiː n
	fourteen pf f ˈoːɹ t iː n f oːɹ t ˈiː n
	fifteen pf f ˈɪ f t iː n f ɪ f t ˈiː n
	sixteen pf s ˈɪ k s t iː n s ɪ k s t ˈiː n
	seventeen pf s ˈɛ v ə n t iː n s ɛ v ə n t ˈiː n
	eighteen pf ˈeɪ t iː n eɪ t ˈiː n
	nineteen pf n ˈaɪ n t iː n n aɪ n t ˈiː n