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CTF-TFM / data /calculation.py
Update data/calculation.py
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"""
HVAC Calculator Code Documentation
Developed by: Dr Majed Abuseif, Deakin University
© 2025
"""

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from typing import Dict, List, Optional, NamedTuple, Any
from enum import Enum
from data.material_library import Construction, GlazingMaterial, DoorMaterial
from data.internal_loads import PEOPLE_ACTIVITY_LEVELS, DIVERSITY_FACTORS, LIGHTING_FIXTURE_TYPES, EQUIPMENT_HEAT_GAINS, VENTILATION_RATES, INFILTRATION_SETTINGS
from datetime import datetime
from collections import defaultdict
import logging
import streamlit as st
import plotly.graph_objects as go
from utils.ctf_calculations import CTFCalculator, ComponentType, CTFCoefficients
import math

# Configure logging
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Initialize session_state for climate data
if "climate_data" not in st.session_state:
    st.session_state["climate_data"] = {
        "latitude": 0.0,
        "longitude": 0.0,
        "timezone": 0.0
    }

class SolarCalculations:
    """Class for performing solar radiation and angle calculations based on ASHRAE methodologies."""

    @staticmethod
    def day_of_year(month: int, day: int, year: int) -> int:
        """Calculate day of the year (n) from month, day, and year, accounting for leap years."""
        days_in_month = [31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31]
        if year % 4 == 0 and (year % 100 != 0 or year % 400 == 0):
            days_in_month[1] = 29
        return sum(days_in_month[:month-1]) + day

    @staticmethod
    def equation_of_time(n: int) -> float:
        """Calculate Equation of Time (EOT) in minutes using Spencer's formula."""
        B = (n - 1) * 360 / 365
        B_rad = math.radians(B)
        EOT = 229.2 * (0.000075 + 0.001868 * math.cos(B_rad) - 0.032077 * math.sin(B_rad) -
                       0.014615 * math.cos(2 * B_rad) - 0.04089 * math.sin(2 * B_rad))
        return EOT

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_solar_parameters(
        hourly_data: List[Dict[str, Any]],
        latitude: float,
        longitude: float,
        timezone: float,
        ground_reflectivity: float,
        components: Dict
    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Calculate solar angles and ground-reflected radiation for hourly data with GHI > 0."""
        # Display input parameters in Streamlit UI
        st.write("### Input Parameters")
        st.write(f"- **Latitude**: {latitude}°")
        st.write(f"- **Longitude**: {longitude}°")
        st.write(f"- **Timezone**: {timezone} hours")
        st.write(f"- **Ground Reflectivity**: {ground_reflectivity}")
        year = 2025
        st.write(f"- **Year**: {year}")
        st.write("")  # Add spacing

        results = []
        lambda_std = 15 * timezone  # Standard meridian longitude (°)
        first_hour = True

        for record in hourly_data:
            if record["global_horizontal_radiation"] <= 0:
                continue  # Skip hours with no solar radiation

            # Step 1: Extract data
            month = record["month"]
            day = record["day"]
            hour = record["hour"]
            ghi = record["global_horizontal_radiation"]
            dni = record["direct_normal_radiation"]
            dhi = record["diffuse_horizontal_radiation"]

            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"### Calculations for First Hour (Month: {month}, Day: {day}, Hour: {hour})")
                st.write(f"- **Global Horizontal Radiation (GHI)**: {ghi} W/m²")
                st.write(f"- **Direct Normal Radiation (DNI)**: {dni} W/m²")
                st.write(f"- **Diffuse Horizontal Radiation (DHI)**: {dhi} W/m²")

            # Step 2: Local Solar Time (LST) with Equation of Time
            n = SolarCalculations.day_of_year(month, day, year)
            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"- **Day of Year (n)**: {n}")

            EOT = SolarCalculations.equation_of_time(n)
            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"- **Equation of Time (EOT)**: {EOT:.2f} minutes")

            standard_time = hour - 1 + 0.5  # Convert to decimal, assume mid-hour
            LST = standard_time + (4 * (lambda_std - longitude) + EOT)/60 
            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"- **Local Solar Time (LST)**: {LST:.2f} hours")

            # Step 3: Solar Declination (δ)
            delta = 23.45 * math.sin(math.radians(360 / 365 * (284 + n)))
            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"- **Solar Declination (δ)**: {delta:.2f}°")

            # Step 4: Hour Angle (HRA)
            hra = 15 * (LST - 12)
            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"- **Hour Angle (HRA)**: {hra:.2f}°")

            # Step 5: Solar Altitude (α) and Azimuth (Az)
            phi = math.radians(latitude)
            delta_rad = math.radians(delta)
            hra_rad = math.radians(hra)

            sin_alpha = math.sin(phi) * math.sin(delta_rad) + math.cos(phi) * math.cos(delta_rad) * math.cos(hra_rad)
            alpha = math.degrees(math.asin(sin_alpha))
            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"- **Solar Altitude (α)**: {alpha:.2f}°")

            if abs(math.cos(math.radians(alpha))) < 0.01:
                azimuth = 0  # North at sunrise/sunset
            else:
                sin_az = math.cos(delta_rad) * math.sin(hra_rad) / math.cos(math.radians(alpha))
                cos_az = (sin_alpha * math.sin(phi) - math.sin(delta_rad)) / (math.cos(math.radians(alpha)) * math.cos(phi))
                azimuth = math.degrees(math.atan2(sin_az, cos_az))
                if hra > 0:  # Afternoon
                    azimuth = 360 - azimuth if azimuth > 0 else -azimuth
            if first_hour:
                st.write(f"- **Solar Azimuth (Az)**: {azimuth:.2f}°")

            # Step 6: Calculate component-specific solar parameters
            component_results = []
            first_component = True  # Initialize first_component before the loop
            for comp_type, comp_list in components.items():
                for comp in comp_list:
                    surface_tilt = getattr(comp, 'tilt', 0.0)  # Default to 0 if not specified
                    surface_azimuth = getattr(comp, 'azimuth', 0.0)  # Default to 0 if not specified
                    u_value = getattr(comp, 'u_value', 0.0)  # U-value for heat transfer, default 0
                    view_factor = (1 - math.cos(math.radians(surface_tilt))) / 2
                    ground_reflected = ground_reflectivity * ghi * view_factor

                    # Calculate incidence angle for direct radiation
                    cos_theta = (math.sin(delta_rad) * math.sin(phi) * math.cos(math.radians(surface_tilt)) +
                                 math.sin(delta_rad) * math.cos(phi) * math.sin(math.radians(surface_tilt)) * math.cos(math.radians(azimuth - surface_azimuth)) +
                                 math.cos(delta_rad) * math.cos(phi) * math.cos(math.radians(surface_tilt)) * math.cos(hra_rad) +
                                 math.cos(delta_rad) * math.sin(math.radians(surface_tilt)) * math.sin(hra_rad) * math.cos(math.radians(azimuth - surface_azimuth)))
                    cos_theta = max(0, min(1, cos_theta))  # Ensure within [0,1]

                    # Calculate solar heat gain for windows/skylights
                    solar_heat_gain = 0
                    shgc = getattr(comp, 'shgc', 0.4) if comp.component_type in [ComponentType.WINDOW, ComponentType.SKYLIGHT] else None  # SHGC only for windows/skylights
                    if comp.component_type in [ComponentType.WINDOW, ComponentType.SKYLIGHT]:
                        shgc = getattr(comp, 'shgc', 0.4)  # Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, default 0.4
                        direct_radiation = dni * cos_theta
                        diffuse_radiation = dhi * view_factor
                        solar_heat_gain = comp.area * shgc * (direct_radiation + diffuse_radiation + ground_reflected) / 1000  # Convert to kW

                    # Calculate sol-air temperature for opaque surfaces
                    sol_air_temp = None
                    if comp.component_type in [ComponentType.WALL, ComponentType.ROOF, ComponentType.DOOR]:
                        absorptivity = getattr(comp, 'absorptivity', 0.6)  # Default absorptivity
                        direct_radiation = dni * cos_theta
                        diffuse_radiation = dhi * view_factor
                        total_radiation = direct_radiation + diffuse_radiation + ground_reflected
                        sol_air_temp = record["dry_bulb"] + (absorptivity * total_radiation) / comp.h_out - (comp.eps * comp.delta_R) / comp.h_out
                        sol_air_temp = round(sol_air_temp, 2)

                    component_results.append({
                        "component_id": getattr(comp, 'id', 'unknown_component'),
                        "sol_air_temp": sol_air_temp,
                        "solar_heat_gain": round(solar_heat_gain, 2)
                    })

                    # Display first component's parameters and results
                    if first_hour and first_component:
                        st.write(f"#### First Component Parameters (ID: {getattr(comp, 'id', 'unknown_component')})")
                        st.write(f"- **Component Type**: {comp.component_type}")
                        st.write(f"- **Area**: {comp.area:.2f} m²")
                        st.write(f"- **U-Value**: {u_value:.2f} W/m²·K")
                        st.write(f"- **Surface Tilt**: {surface_tilt:.2f}°")
                        st.write(f"- **Surface Azimuth**: {surface_azimuth:.2f}°")
                        # Debug component type
                        st.write(f"- **Debug: Component Type Value**: {comp.component_type}")
                        logger.info(f"Processing component ID: {getattr(comp, 'id', 'unknown_component')}, Type: {comp.component_type}")
                        
                        if comp.component_type in [ComponentType.WINDOW, ComponentType.SKYLIGHT]:
                            st.write(f"- **Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)**: {shgc:.2f}")
                            st.write(f"- **Direct Radiation**: {direct_radiation:.2f} W/m²")
                            st.write(f"- **Diffuse Radiation**: {diffuse_radiation:.2f} W/m²")
                            st.write(f"- **Ground-Reflected Radiation**: {ground_reflected:.2f} W/m²")
                            st.write(f"- **Solar Heat Gain**: {solar_heat_gain:.2f} kW")
                        elif comp.component_type in [ComponentType.WALL, ComponentType.ROOF, ComponentType.DOOR]:
                            st.write(f"- **Absorptivity**: {absorptivity:.2f}")
                            st.write(f"- **Outdoor Dry Bulb Temperature**: {record['dry_bulb']:.2f}°C")
                            st.write(f"- **External Heat Transfer Coefficient (h_out)**: {comp.h_out:.2f} W/m²·K")
                            st.write(f"- **Emissivity (eps)**: {comp.eps:.2f}")
                            st.write(f"- **Delta R**: {comp.delta_R:.2f} m²·K/W")
                            st.write(f"- **Direct Radiation**: {direct_radiation:.2f} W/m²")
                            st.write(f"- **Diffuse Radiation**: {diffuse_radiation:.2f} W/m²")
                            st.write(f"- **Ground-Reflected Radiation**: {ground_reflected:.2f} W/m²")
                            st.write(f"- **Total Radiation**: {total_radiation:.2f} W/m²")
                            st.write(f"- **Sol-Air Temperature**: {sol_air_temp:.2f}°C")
                        else:
                            st.warning(f"Unexpected component type: {comp.component_type}")
                            logger.warning(f"Unexpected component type: {comp.component_type} for component ID: {getattr(comp, 'id', 'unknown_component')}")
                        first_component = False
        
        if first_hour:
            st.write(f"- **Ground-Reflected Radiation (I_gr)**: {ground_reflected:.2f} W/m²")
            st.write("")  # Add spacing
            first_hour = False

            # Store results
            result = {
                "month": month,
                "day": day,
                "hour": hour,
                "declination": round(delta, 2),
                "LST": round(LST, 2),
                "HRA": round(hra, 2),
                "altitude": round(alpha, 2),
                "azimuth": round(azimuth, 2),
                "ground_reflected": round(ground_reflected, 2),
                "component_results": component_results
            }
            results.append(result)

        return results

class TFMCalculations:
    @staticmethod
    def calculate_conduction_load(component, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float, hour: int, sol_air_temp: Optional[float] = None, mode: str = "none") -> tuple[float, float]:
        """Calculate conduction load for heating and cooling in kW based on mode."""
        if mode == "none":
            return 0, 0
        # Use sol-air temperature for opaque surfaces (walls, roofs, doors), otherwise outdoor temperature
        delta_t = (sol_air_temp if sol_air_temp is not None and component.component_type in [ComponentType.WALL, ComponentType.ROOF, ComponentType.DOOR] else outdoor_temp) - indoor_temp
        if mode == "cooling" and delta_t <= 0:
            return 0, 0
        if mode == "heating" and delta_t >= 0:
            return 0, 0

        # Get CTF coefficients using CTFCalculator
        ctf = CTFCalculator.calculate_ctf_coefficients(component)
        
        # Initialize history terms (simplified: assume steady-state history for demonstration)
        # In practice, maintain temperature and flux histories
        load = component.u_value * component.area * delta_t
        for i in range(len(ctf.Y)):
            load += component.area * ctf.Y[i] * (outdoor_temp - indoor_temp) * np.exp(-i * 3600 / 3600)
            load -= component.area * ctf.Z[i] * (outdoor_temp - indoor_temp) * np.exp(-i * 3600 / 3600)
            # Note: F terms require flux history, omitted here for simplicity
        cooling_load = load / 1000 if mode == "cooling" else 0
        heating_load = -load / 1000 if mode == "heating" else 0
        return cooling_load, heating_load

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_internal_load(internal_loads: Dict, hour: int, operation_hours: int, area: float) -> float:
        """Calculate total internal load in kW."""
        total_load = 0
        for group in internal_loads.get("people", []):
            activity_data = group["activity_data"]
            sensible = (activity_data["sensible_min_w"] + activity_data["sensible_max_w"]) / 2
            latent = (activity_data["latent_min_w"] + activity_data["latent_max_w"]) / 2
            load_per_person = sensible + latent
            total_load += group["num_people"] * load_per_person * group["diversity_factor"]
        for light in internal_loads.get("lighting", []):
            lpd = light["lpd"]
            lighting_operating_hours = light["operating_hours"]
            fraction = min(lighting_operating_hours, operation_hours) / operation_hours if operation_hours > 0 else 0
            lighting_load = lpd * area * fraction
            total_load += lighting_load
        equipment = internal_loads.get("equipment")
        if equipment:
            total_power_density = equipment.get("total_power_density", 0)
            equipment_load = total_power_density * area
            total_load += equipment_load
        return total_load / 1000

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_ventilation_load(internal_loads: Dict, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float, area: float, building_info: Dict, mode: str = "none") -> tuple[float, float]:
        """Calculate ventilation load for heating and cooling in kW based on mode."""
        if mode == "none":
            return 0, 0
        ventilation = internal_loads.get("ventilation")
        if not ventilation:
            return 0, 0
        space_rate = ventilation.get("space_rate", 0.3)  # L/s/m²
        people_rate = ventilation.get("people_rate", 2.5)  # L/s/person
        num_people = sum(group["num_people"] for group in internal_loads.get("people", []))
        ventilation_flow = (space_rate * area + people_rate * num_people) / 1000  # m³/s
        air_density = 1.2  # kg/m³
        specific_heat = 1000  # J/kg·K
        delta_t = outdoor_temp - indoor_temp
        if mode == "cooling" and delta_t <= 0:
            return 0, 0
        if mode == "heating" and delta_t >= 0:
            return 0, 0
        load = ventilation_flow * air_density * specific_heat * delta_t / 1000  # kW
        cooling_load = load if mode == "cooling" else 0
        heating_load = -load if mode == "heating" else 0
        return cooling_load, heating_load

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_infiltration_load(internal_loads: Dict, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float, area: float, building_info: Dict, mode: str = "none") -> tuple[float, float]:
        """Calculate infiltration load for heating and cooling in kW based on mode."""
        if mode == "none":
            return 0, 0
        infiltration = internal_loads.get("infiltration")
        if not infiltration:
            return 0, 0
        method = infiltration.get("method", "ACH")
        settings = infiltration.get("settings", {})
        building_height = building_info.get("building_height", 3.0)
        volume = area * building_height  # m³
        air_density = 1.2  # kg/m³
        specific_heat = 1000  # J/kg·K
        delta_t = outdoor_temp - indoor_temp
        if mode == "cooling" and delta_t <= 0:
            return 0, 0
        if mode == "heating" and delta_t >= 0:
            return 0, 0
        if method == "ACH":
            ach = settings.get("rate", 0.5)
            infiltration_flow = ach * volume / 3600  # m³/s
        elif method == "Crack Flow":
            ela = settings.get("ela", 0.0001)  # m²/m²
            wind_speed = 4.0  # m/s (assumed)
            infiltration_flow = ela * area * wind_speed / 2  # m³/s
        else:  # Empirical Equations
            c = settings.get("c", 0.1)
            n = settings.get("n", 0.65)
            delta_t_abs = abs(delta_t)
            infiltration_flow = c * (delta_t_abs ** n) * area / 3600  # m³/s
        load = infiltration_flow * air_density * specific_heat * delta_t / 1000  # kW
        cooling_load = load if mode == "cooling" else 0
        heating_load = -load if mode == "heating" else 0
        return cooling_load, heating_load

    @staticmethod
    def get_adaptive_comfort_temp(outdoor_temp: float) -> float:
        """Calculate adaptive comfort temperature per ASHRAE 55."""
        if 10 <= outdoor_temp <= 33.5:
            return 0.31 * outdoor_temp + 17.8
        return 24.0  # Default to standard setpoint if outside range

    @staticmethod
    def filter_hourly_data(hourly_data: List[Dict], sim_period: Dict, climate_data: Dict) -> List[Dict]:
        """Filter hourly data based on simulation period, ignoring year."""
        if sim_period["type"] == "Full Year":
            return hourly_data
        filtered_data = []
        if sim_period["type"] == "From-to":
            start_month = sim_period["start_date"].month
            start_day = sim_period["start_date"].day
            end_month = sim_period["end_date"].month
            end_day = sim_period["end_date"].day
            for data in hourly_data:
                month, day = data["month"], data["day"]
                if (month > start_month or (month == start_month and day >= start_day)) and \
                   (month < end_month or (month == end_month and day <= end_day)):
                    filtered_data.append(data)
        elif sim_period["type"] in ["HDD", "CDD"]:
            base_temp = sim_period.get("base_temp", 18.3 if sim_period["type"] == "HDD" else 23.9)
            for data in hourly_data:
                temp = data["dry_bulb"]
                if (sim_period["type"] == "HDD" and temp < base_temp) or (sim_period["type"] == "CDD" and temp > base_temp):
                    filtered_data.append(data)
        return filtered_data

    @staticmethod
    def get_indoor_conditions(indoor_conditions: Dict, hour: int, outdoor_temp: float) -> Dict:
        """Determine indoor conditions based on user settings."""
        if indoor_conditions["type"] == "Fixed":
            mode = "none" if abs(outdoor_temp - 18) < 0.01 else "cooling" if outdoor_temp > 18 else "heating"
            if mode == "cooling":
                return {
                    "temperature": indoor_conditions.get("cooling_setpoint", {}).get("temperature", 24.0),
                    "rh": indoor_conditions.get("cooling_setpoint", {}).get("rh", 50.0)
                }
            elif mode == "heating":
                return {
                    "temperature": indoor_conditions.get("heating_setpoint", {}).get("temperature", 22.0),
                    "rh": indoor_conditions.get("heating_setpoint", {}).get("rh", 50.0)
                }
            else:
                return {"temperature": 24.0, "rh": 50.0}
        elif indoor_conditions["type"] == "Time-varying":
            schedule = indoor_conditions.get("schedule", [])
            if schedule:
                hour_idx = hour % 24
                for entry in schedule:
                    if entry["hour"] == hour_idx:
                        return {"temperature": entry["temperature"], "rh": entry["rh"]}
            return {"temperature": 24.0, "rh": 50.0}
        else:  # Adaptive
            return {"temperature": TFMCalculations.get_adaptive_comfort_temp(outdoor_temp), "rh": 50.0}

    @staticmethod
    def calculate_tfm_loads(components: Dict, hourly_data: List[Dict], indoor_conditions: Dict, internal_loads: Dict, building_info: Dict, sim_period: Dict, hvac_settings: Dict) -> List[Dict]:
        """Calculate TFM loads for heating and cooling with user-defined filters and temperature threshold."""
        filtered_data = TFMCalculations.filter_hourly_data(hourly_data, sim_period, building_info)
        temp_loads = []
        building_orientation = building_info.get("orientation_angle", 0.0)
        operating_periods = hvac_settings.get("operating_hours", [{"start": 8, "end": 18}])
        area = building_info.get("floor_area", 100.0)
        
        # Pre-calculate CTF coefficients for all components using CTFCalculator
        for comp_list in components.values():
            for comp in comp_list:
                comp.ctf = CTFCalculator.calculate_ctf_coefficients(comp)

        # Calculate solar parameters using integrated SolarCalculations class
        climate_data = building_info.get("climate_data", {})
        ground_reflectivity = building_info.get("ground_reflectivity", 0.2)
        solar_results = SolarCalculations.calculate_solar_parameters(
            hourly_data=filtered_data,
            latitude=climate_data.get("latitude", 0.0),
            longitude=climate_data.get("longitude", 0.0),
            timezone=climate_data.get("timezone", 0.0),
            ground_reflectivity=ground_reflectivity,
            components=components
        )

        # Create a dictionary for quick lookup of solar results by hour
        solar_results_by_hour = {(res["month"], res["day"], res["hour"]): res for res in solar_results}

        # Log presence of fenestration components
        fenestration_count = sum(len(comp_list) for comp_type, comp_list in components.items() 
                                if comp_type in ['windows', 'skylights'])
        logger.info(f"Number of fenestration components (windows/skylights): {fenestration_count}")

        for hour_data in filtered_data:
            hour = hour_data["hour"]
            outdoor_temp = hour_data["dry_bulb"]
            indoor_cond = TFMCalculations.get_indoor_conditions(indoor_conditions, hour, outdoor_temp)
            indoor_temp = indoor_cond["temperature"]
            # Initialize all loads to 0
            conduction_cooling = conduction_heating = solar = internal = ventilation_cooling = ventilation_heating = infiltration_cooling = infiltration_heating = 0
            # Check if hour is within operating periods
            is_operating = False
            for period in operating_periods:
                start_hour = period.get("start", 8)
                end_hour = period.get("end", 18)
                if start_hour <= hour % 24 <= end_hour:
                    is_operating = True
                    break
            # Determine mode based on temperature threshold (18°C)
            mode = "none" if abs(outdoor_temp - 18) < 0.01 else "cooling" if outdoor_temp > 18 else "heating"
            if is_operating and mode == "cooling":
                for comp_type, comp_list in components.items():
                    for comp in comp_list:
                        # Get solar result for this component and hour
                        solar_key = (hour_data["month"], hour_data["day"], hour)
                        solar_result = next((res for res in solar_results_by_hour.get(solar_key, {}).get("component_results", []) 
                                             if res["component_id"] == getattr(comp, 'id', 'unknown_component')), None)
                        sol_air_temp = solar_result.get("sol_air_temp") if solar_result else None
                        cool_load, _ = TFMCalculations.calculate_conduction_load(comp, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp, hour, sol_air_temp, mode="cooling")
                        conduction_cooling += cool_load
                        if solar_result and comp.component_type in [ComponentType.WINDOW, ComponentType.SKYLIGHT]:
                            solar_heat_gain = solar_result.get("solar_heat_gain", 0)
                            solar += solar_heat_gain
                            logger.info(f"Adding solar heat gain for component {getattr(comp, 'id', 'unknown_component')} "
                                        f"at {hour_data['month']}/{hour_data['day']}/{hour}: {solar_heat_gain:.2f} kW")
                logger.info(f"Total solar load for {hour_data['month']}/{hour_data['day']}/{hour}: {solar:.2f} kW")
                internal = TFMCalculations.calculate_internal_load(internal_loads, hour, max([p["end"] - p["start"] for p in operating_periods]), area)
                ventilation_cooling, _ = TFMCalculations.calculate_ventilation_load(internal_loads, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp, area, building_info, mode="cooling")
                infiltration_cooling, _ = TFMCalculations.calculate_infiltration_load(internal_loads, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp, area, building_info, mode="cooling")
            elif is_operating and mode == "heating":
                for comp_type, comp_list in components.items():
                    for comp in comp_list:
                        # Get solar result for this component and hour
                        solar_key = (hour_data["month"], hour_data["day"], hour)
                        solar_result = next((res for res in solar_results_by_hour.get(solar_key, {}).get("component_results", []) 
                                             if res["component_id"] == getattr(comp, 'id', 'unknown_component')), None)
                        sol_air_temp = solar_result.get("sol_air_temp") if solar_result else None
                        _, heat_load = TFMCalculations.calculate_conduction_load(comp, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp, hour, sol_air_temp, mode="heating")
                        conduction_heating += heat_load
                internal = TFMCalculations.calculate_internal_load(internal_loads, hour, max([p["end"] - p["start"] for p in operating_periods]), area)
                _, ventilation_heating = TFMCalculations.calculate_ventilation_load(internal_loads, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp, area, building_info, mode="heating")
                _, infiltration_heating = TFMCalculations.calculate_infiltration_load(internal_loads, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp, area, building_info, mode="heating")
            else:  # mode == "none" or not is_operating
                internal = 0  # No internal loads when no heating or cooling is needed or outside operating hours
            # Calculate total loads, subtracting internal load for heating
            total_cooling = conduction_cooling + solar + internal + ventilation_cooling + infiltration_cooling
            total_heating = max(conduction_heating + ventilation_heating + infiltration_heating - internal, 0)
            # Enforce mutual exclusivity within hour
            if mode == "cooling":
                total_heating = 0
            elif mode == "heating":
                total_cooling = 0
            temp_loads.append({
                "hour": hour,
                "month": hour_data["month"],
                "day": hour_data["day"],
                "conduction_cooling": conduction_cooling,
                "conduction_heating": conduction_heating,
                "solar": solar,
                "internal": internal,
                "ventilation_cooling": ventilation_cooling,
                "ventilation_heating": ventilation_heating,
                "infiltration_cooling": infiltration_cooling,
                "infiltration_heating": infiltration_heating,
                "total_cooling": total_cooling,
                "total_heating": total_heating
            })
        # Group loads by day and apply daily control
        loads_by_day = defaultdict(list)
        for load in temp_loads:
            day_key = (load["month"], load["day"])
            loads_by_day[day_key].append(load)
        final_loads = []
        for day_key, day_loads in loads_by_day.items():
            # Count hours with non-zero cooling and heating loads
            cooling_hours = sum(1 for load in day_loads if load["total_cooling"] > 0)
            heating_hours = sum(1 for load in day_loads if load["total_heating"] > 0)
            # Apply daily control
            for load in day_loads:
                if cooling_hours > heating_hours:
                    load["total_heating"] = 0  # Keep cooling components, zero heating total
                elif heating_hours > cooling_hours:
                    load["total_cooling"] = 0  # Keep heating components, zero cooling total
                else:  # Equal hours
                    load["total_cooling"] = 0
                    load["total_heating"] = 0  # Zero both totals, keep components
                final_loads.append(load)
        return final_loads

    @staticmethod
    def display_results(loads: List[Dict]):
        """Display simulation results including equipment sizing, load breakdown, monthly loads, and summary table."""
        df = pd.DataFrame(loads)
        if df.empty:
            st.error("No load calculations available.")
            return

        # Equipment Sizing
        st.subheader("Equipment Sizing")
        peak_cooling_load = df["total_cooling"].max() if "total_cooling" in df else 0.0
        peak_heating_load = df["total_heating"].max() if "total_heating" in df else 0.0
        col1, col2 = st.columns(2)
        with col1:
            st.metric("Cooling Equipment Size", f"{peak_cooling_load:.2f} kW", help="Peak hourly cooling load")
        with col2:
            st.metric("Heating Equipment Size", f"{peak_heating_load:.2f} kW", help="Peak hourly heating load")

        # Pie Charts for Load Breakdown
        st.subheader("Load Breakdown")
        cooling_totals = {
            "Conduction": df["conduction_cooling"].sum(),
            "Solar": df["solar"].sum(),
            "Internal": df["internal"].sum(),
            "Ventilation": df["ventilation_cooling"].sum(),
            "Infiltration": df["infiltration_cooling"].sum()
        }
        heating_totals = {
            "Conduction": df["conduction_heating"].sum(),
            "Ventilation": df["ventilation_heating"].sum(),
            "Infiltration": df["infiltration_heating"].sum()
        }
        col1, col2 = st.columns(2)
        with col1:
            fig_cooling = go.Figure(data=[
                go.Pie(labels=list(cooling_totals.keys()), values=list(cooling_totals.values()))
            ])
            fig_cooling.update_layout(title="Cooling Load Breakdown (kWh)", width=400, height=400)
            st.plotly_chart(fig_cooling, use_container_width=True)
        with col2:
            fig_heating = go.Figure(data=[
                go.Pie(labels=list(heating_totals.keys()), values=list(heating_totals.values()))
            ])
            fig_heating.update_layout(title="Heating Load Breakdown (kWh)", width=400, height=400)
            st.plotly_chart(fig_heating, use_container_width=True)

        # Monthly Loads Bar Chart
        st.subheader("Monthly Heating and Cooling Loads")
        df["month_name"] = df["month"].map({
            1: "Jan", 2: "Feb", 3: "Mar", 4: "Apr", 5: "May", 6: "Jun",
            7: "Jul", 8: "Aug", 9: "Sep", 10: "Oct", 11: "Nov", 12: "Dec"
        })
        monthly_loads = df.groupby("month_name")[["total_cooling", "total_heating"]].sum().reindex(
            ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"]
        )
        fig_monthly = go.Figure(data=[
            go.Bar(name="Cooling Load (kWh)", x=monthly_loads.index, y=monthly_loads["total_cooling"]),
            go.Bar(name="Heating Load (kWh)", x=monthly_loads.index, y=monthly_loads["total_heating"])
        ])
        fig_monthly.update_layout(
            title="Monthly Heating and Cooling Loads",
            xaxis_title="Month",
            yaxis_title="Load (kWh)",
            barmode="group",
            width=800,
            height=400
        )
        st.plotly_chart(fig_monthly, use_container_width=True)

        # Detailed Load Summary Table
        st.subheader("Load Summary")
        summary_row = {
            "hour": "Total",
            "month_name": "",
            "conduction_cooling": df["conduction_cooling"].sum(),
            "conduction_heating": df["conduction_heating"].sum(),
            "solar": df["solar"].sum(),
            "internal": df["internal"].sum(),
            "ventilation_cooling": df["ventilation_cooling"].sum(),
            "ventilation_heating": df["ventilation_heating"].sum(),
            "infiltration_cooling": df["infiltration_cooling"].sum(),
            "infiltration_heating": df["infiltration_heating"].sum(),
            "total_cooling": df["total_cooling"].sum(),
            "total_heating": df["total_heating"].sum()
        }
        display_df = df[["hour", "month_name", "conduction_cooling", "conduction_heating", "solar",
                         "internal", "ventilation_cooling", "ventilation_heating",
                         "infiltration_cooling", "infiltration_heating", "total_cooling", "total_heating"]]
        display_df = pd.concat([display_df, pd.DataFrame([summary_row])], ignore_index=True)
        st.dataframe(display_df.rename(columns={"month_name": "Month"}), use_container_width=True)