CoER-Defender / README.md
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---
library_name: transformers
base_model: Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B
base_model_relation: finetune
language:
- en
tags:
- coer
- agent-security
- research
---
# CoER Defender
[Project page](https://ilianzby.github.io/CoER/) · [Paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.07529) · [Code](https://github.com/ILIANZBY/CoER)
The **final CoER defender**, refined from Co-PPO d430 at Defender-SFT update 360. It is trained to complete legitimate tool-use tasks safely under adaptive indirect prompt injection.
**Download available.** All 70 safetensors shards are uploaded and match their upload manifests; configuration, tokenizer and weight-index files are present. File verification is complete; GPU loading and inference have not been tested as part of this release check.
![The three-stage CoER framework](https://ilianzby.github.io/CoER/assets/framework.png)
*Updated paper Figure 2: Attacker SFT → bilateral Co-PPO → population-guided Defender SFT.*
## Training and role
CoER has three stages: Attacker SFT, bilateral Co-PPO, and population-guided Defender SFT. Historical opponent policies stay frozen; evaluated snapshots refresh the pools during Co-PPO. Online RL ends before supervised refinement.
The paper selects d430 by the highest defender reward during training. Teachers execute tasks from their initial states under retained attacks. Only safe, task-successful demonstrations are retained: **5,760 trajectories**, comprising 4,907 attacked examples and 853 untriggered replays. All assistant turns receive supervision. The released checkpoint is update 360 after one data epoch within a configured two-epoch/720-update schedule.
## Paper-reported results
| Evaluation | Attack success ↓ | Task utility ↑ | Safe-U ↑ |
|---|---:|---:|---:|
| Main common-adaptive panel | 0.25% | 75.40% | 75.40% |
| Main aggregate | 0.22% | 76.32% | 76.32% |
| AgentLAB | 14.12% | 82.82% | 77.13% |
Adaptive results use 1,187 executions (3 compromised; 895 safe completions). Overall ASR uses 1,355 attacked executions, while overall utility uses all 1,512 eligible conditions. AgentLAB uses 949 selected trajectories. Safe-U requires task completion without compromise.
InjecAgent reports 0/1,043 base-payload successes and 20/1,016 enhanced-payload successes (1.97%). These protocol-specific attack metrics are not task utility. Historical-union ASR is 4.97% with four retained attackers and two attempts each, not freshly optimized best responses. Results describe one training run and are transcribed from the September 20 manuscript, not rerun while packaging.
## Download and compatibility
```python
from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
model_dir = snapshot_download("Z-Edgar/CoER-Defender")
```
The checkpoint uses BF16, `Qwen3_5ForConditionalGeneration` and `qwen3_5`. The saved metadata records Transformers 5.3.0, not a tested dependency lock. Use a compatible stack and preserve the supplied tokenizer, special tokens and chat/tool formatting. Evaluation covers text/tool interactions, not multimodal safety.
The release uses smaller standard safetensors shards without changing tensor values. Download the complete repository, not an individual shard. See the [training and evaluation code](https://github.com/ILIANZBY/CoER) for rollout formatting and environment setup.
## Related resources
- Models: [Attacker](https://huggingface.co/Z-Edgar/CoER-Attacker) · [Defender](https://huggingface.co/Z-Edgar/CoER-Defender).
- Training data: [Attacker SFT](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Z-Edgar/CoER-Attacker-SFT) · [Defender SFT](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Z-Edgar/CoER-Defender-SFT) · [RL configurations](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Z-Edgar/CoER-RL).
## Use and licensing
Use in authorized, isolated research environments. Prompt-injection payloads and model outputs may be unsafe; do not attach uncontrolled tools, private data or real accounts. Public access does not grant additional rights beyond applicable source terms. This public repository is not an anonymous-reviewer resource.
The base family is [Qwen3.5-9B](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3.5-9B); its license and notice are preserved in `UPSTREAM_LICENSE`. Rights in intermediate models, fine-tuned weights, training data and teacher outputs remain subject to their respective terms. A separate final-artifact license has not been confirmed.