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H: What is the importance of the input and output impedance of a BJT What is the significance of the input and output impedance in a BJT circuit? High output impedance means little to no current will flow at the output, why is this important? AI: The gain of an amplifier, a single device, depends on the GM, the dIout/...
H: Output resistance of BJT common emitter circuit I have found this circuit on a video, he talks about output resistance of the BJT of common emitter amplifier circuit not being infinite but very large so that it must be included in the re model. In some other websites they do not include Ro for the common emitter re...
H: Light-emitting diode luminous intensity at sub-mA currents I am trying to find a graph or table that relates the light intensity (either relative, absolute, or total luminous flux) of a light-emitting diode at the low range of drive currents - below 1 mA and ideally down to nA and pA levels. Most, if not all, datas...
H: Will these two transistors (BC558A and BC558B) function in the same way? I'm currently following this guide on making an Arduino OpenTherm Controller. After finding almost all of the parts without any issue; my only question remained with the "PNP transistor" named in the hardware list. As someone who is new to ele...
H: High Power UV led array for SLA printer I have a question about a LED array I am designing for a home-made 3D SLA printer. I find the subject of high power led drivers quite confusing but I believe I understand how it works now and I need someone to confirm my findings. My total LED array will consist of 80, 3W UV ...
H: Auxiliary contacts on contactor to power solenoid valve I'm just trying to introduce cold water in to industrial shredder. Connected cold water supply to machine. That's not good because when I forget to turn off water it will overflow. I have not seen whats inside machine, but I know there will be a PLC, contacto...
H: Implementing circuit with d-flipflop in verilog I'm fairly new to Verilog and I'm currently trying to do a structural implementation of a circuit that consists of an d flipflop, it has inputs x and y, x and y are exclusive or'd and that result is exclusive or'd with the current state, and used as the input to the d...
H: What are the symbols in the picture? Not brilliant pic but bigger picture from UK vehicle wiring diagram, windscreen wiper motor. AI: If the symbols have any defined meaning in the auto electrics business I do not know but we can make a few guesses at what they are likely to signal. Window wiper symbol at the bott...
H: High-side vs low-side reverse polarity protection I need to make a reverse polarity and over-voltage protection for a fairly powerful device (45W @ 12V input) and after some research I noticed a weird peculiarity. A typical reverse polarity protection circuit is shown below; it uses a p-channel MOSFET in a high-sid...
H: How to design a module that counts logic 1s in multiple inputs in Verilog? For example, I have two inputs, whose value can be either St1 or St0. The changes of states are synchronous to the same clock, say 1MHz of frequency. I want to design a Verilog module that counts how many St1 have appeared in a certain amoun...
H: How can I isolate voltage dividers so they aren't interfered with by other parts of the circuit? I have a small and very basic circuit that PWMs an RGB LED. It has a potentiometer to allow me to set brightness level for night time and a LDR that allows me to detect night time. I took some measurements of the LDR u...
H: Voltage Matching with Thermistor I am working on a circuit for a science competition, and one of the tasks is cooling a thing of water to a certain temperature (we are doing about 25C to 18C) and then using that to trigger a circuit. To do this, I am using a PTC thermistor, I have a TTC-103 one. The challenge I am ...
H: Modifying a buck converter for lower current rating I have been learning about buck converters and I think I understand the principle of their design. However, I am unsure of how a current rating would be calculated for a particular design. The schematic below is rated at 3A (Vin=48v; Vout=5v). However, if I want t...
H: Is this cheap extension cord safely rated for 1625W? Comparing two cables that I have, a cheap extension cord and an expensive "heavy duty" extension cord, both are rated for the same load. Is this an inflated rating or is it accurate for the white extension cable? AI: The difference between the two lies in isolati...
H: How does this serial input DAC work? This is the datasheet for 6379A: datasheet I looked at the timing charts, but I’m still having trouble figuring out how the IC treats the serial input. Apparently, SI is sampled at positive clock edge, but what indicates the start of the input? I mean where are MSB and LSB? Al...
H: AND Gate Stays Open I have a very simple circuit on a breadboard with two push-button switches, an AND gate (74LS08), and an LED. I have the two switches hooked up to pins 1 and 2, while the LED goes from 3 to ground. Pin 14 is given 5 volts, while pin 7 goes to ground. I'm just trying to test to see if the AND gat...
H: What is the name of these little plastic things that protect wires from being cut into by the sharp edges of a drilled hole? What is the name of these little plastic things that protect wires from being cut into by the sharp edges of a drilled hole? AI: Summary: I've been doing a lot of research on this and found s...
H: Addition and subtraction of binary digits I have to solve the following exercise : Extend the circuit of the first part (the first part was an adder of integer numbers of 2 binary digits) in order to execute addition and subtraction of integers numbers of 2 binary digits (AB+-CD). Considering that numbers AB, CD ar...
H: Confused about circuit analysis example This is probably going to seem like a dumb question but how would you calculate the current i1 in this example? AI: Assuming the 12V voltage source is supposed to be an ideal voltage source it forces 12V across the 4m resistor. It doesn't matter what the 6V source and its res...
H: Power Transformer: 110V and 220V input, with two 15V outputs 180 degrees out of phase I have never designed a power supply before and have a few questions and would appreciate any help. Firstly, I want to use a transformer that can both take 220V and 110V inputs. Can I use a center tap transformer and for 110V put...
H: Confusion understanding a transducer manual for wiring In the Setra Model 270 transducer manual the following instructions are given: Do they mean that the excitation negative terminal should be separate with the output signal's ground? And the shield is connected to the excitation negative terminal? Is my way of ...
H: Understanding electronic loads I found an article about electronic loads and tried to simulate the circuit in LTSpice. However it didn't work. Here is the link to the full article, where I tried to recreate the following figure: Do you agree that this circuit is wrong and not working!? I'd argue that we have to us...
H: What is the proper procedure to charge a lead acid battery? I have a 12 V 6 Ah lead acid battery, and have been instructed to charge it using a configurable power source. They told me I should use a float charge, setting the voltage at a fixed level according to the battery datasheet, and end the charge when the ch...
H: Addition of 2 unsigned values in VHDL IEEE numeric_std : why this choice? In VHDL, the IEEE numeric_std package does not behave as one could expect. The addition of two unsigned values coded on 8 bits is not given on 9 bits, but on 8 bits. What are the reasons of this choice ? AI: This "choice" allows the hardware...
H: Can't reach desired voltage on opamp output I have tried to make signal amplifier just to gain some op-amps knowledge, but unfortunately it doesn't work. It simply doesn't reach desired voltage (set by resistors). I have used my old cellphone headphone audio output as an input for op-amp. The OPA454 was powered by...
H: How do I calculate the resistor R2 in this current limiter? How can I calculate the resistor R2 of the above circuit? I know how to calculate R2 to control the base of Q2 but I don't know what I have to do to take into account the current from the collector of Q1. I must keep the current consumption low. AI: Since...
H: Effects of Different AC Adapters On Various Electronics Long time programmer starting to learn about electrical engineering a little bit. I have a Raspberry Pi, an Arduino, and various simple projects I've soldered together out of kits and schematics friends have given me. Recently I moved and lost many of my AC...
H: Programming STM32F407 discovery by the ST-Link V2 I have a STM32F4 Discovery board and a ST-Link/V2 programmer. I want to use my own ST-Link (not the embedded one) for programming and debugging the board. I faced to a problem that i still haven't been able to solve that. I use ST-LINK Utility software and every th...
H: What does it mean if my voltage regulator is acting as a wire? When i connect 24V to my input pin, and connect ground pin to my Ground, it gives a short circuit at the bench power supply. What does this mean? Did i kill my voltage regulator? AI: Yes, it's probably burned out. If you don't have the proper capacitors...
H: What is a high impedance low level signal? What is a high impedance low level signal? (I'm reading the circuit designer's companion by Peter Wilson) AI: It is a weak signal. High impedance means that the device or circuit that outputs the signal has a high output impedance. In simplified terms you could think of it...
H: What battery should I use in a remote control for a score marker? I need help in choosing the right battery for my project. I built a ping pong score marker for my school two years ago. It is separated in two parts: The score marker. It has the displays, an Arduino Mega and the drivers for the displays. The cont...
H: regarding the sampling frequence In my project I am using PIC32MX250F128B controller and 23LC1024 SRAM. I have written a code to sample the analog signal from the vibration sensor. For this I am triggering my ADC with the help of timer 3 and have set the sampling freq at 20khz. First I checked my system by giving 5...
H: Question about a high voltage setup/scenario I was wondering what would occur in the following setup. Say you have an circuit basically like this: V1 is a source of high voltage (high enough for corona discharge to occur), and no current can flow through the source. The resistor has a high enough resistance that ...
H: Why do designers use op-amps with fractional gains? I often find designs like the following simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab Where the gain is less than one (\$\ R_2/R_1 < 1\$) Why not simply use a resistive voltage divider? Beyond the inversion (which tends to be irrelevant in many appli...
H: Choosing correct relay for LED power supply rating I have a 500W 24V power supply for running 24V LED strips. The power supply says it's rated for ~21 amps (500W / 24V). Assume input is US 120V household power. I want to control the 120V supply with a relay driven by 5V Arduino logic signal. I'll be driving 4x 24...
H: Why high quality broadcast studio monitors use a middle range AB amplifier? I had an issue with my Genelec 8010A studio monitors. Until recently I was truly happy with these monitors. The sound quality is exceptional, pure, precise the dynamic is impressive even though you need a subwoofer to have a better cover th...
H: How do I remove the offset from the DAC output and change the range? This DAC has an output range of 1-3 volts. Here's the datasheet: Datasheet I'm getting pulses with different amplitudes, frequencies, duty cycles and widths varying from 0.2 ms to 2 s from the DAC. I want an output range of 0-4 volts instead (Vcc=...
H: Is this capacitor polarized? I recovered a few capacitors of this style from an old cassette player. As far as I can tell, it seems like Mylar film, but the “100⊖” marking has me wondering. Is this some peculiar shaped tantalum capacitor, or is the indicator not a polarity marking? AI: My guess would be 10 nF mylar...
H: Operational amplifier for higher slew rate what are the possible ways to improve slew rate of an operational amplifier in CMOS technology? AI: What defines the SlewRate? dv/dt = I/C Many opamps have an internally-compensated "BIG CAP" approach. Examine the schematic of the Fairchild UA709, find its several Rs and C...
H: DSP Library not working in MPLAB X I have to make a digital filter with a dsPIC30F4011 (I'm completely new to microcontrollers). I was reading the documentation about the DSP Library to figure out how to use it. I created a simple C program based on a piece of code I saw in the documentation: #include <stdio.h> #in...
H: What are the optimal methods for controlling specific header pins via Micro-USB? Besides buying a Raspberry Pi with GPIO, what is involved in creating a circuit board that can send data to specific pins through a micro-USB cable, as well as read from data from sensors? I am open to designing my own PCB or using low...
H: Sense resistance based current sensing http://www.carotron.com/articles/current-sensing-circuit/ http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/appnotes/01332b.pdf https://www.arrow.com/en/research-and-events/articles/how-to-maximize-low-side-sensing-performance All the above article and many other articles says that in low...
H: Can anyone actually explain how electrons flow in a circuit? Can anyone actually explain properly how the electrons flow in a circuit? None of this nonsense like, electrons flow like a chain.. in some cases Electrons flow like water in other cases Imagine this, imagine that, no tell me what exactly happens to the e...
H: Amplify my 3.3V DAC signal to 220V In one of my projects I need to generate different kind of 220V amplitude waveform signals in order to send commands to a heater using the pilot wire protocol. Here are the needed waveforms: Is there a way to use a DAC and then amplify the output of the DAC to a 220V amplitude. I...
H: How much is the permeability of this attached inductor core? I want to use this inductor for AC line filter as line reactor. Its inductance value is 6 mH but I don't know the exact value of permeability of the material. It will be used with VFD at the input to remove the harmonics. The input current will be from 2 ...
H: How is the tuning-word of a DDS sent and coded? I have read that a DDS have two inputs one for master clock another for the tuning word. By processing these two inputs the DDS generates the output waveform at a desired frequency. And if I'm not wrong we need to send this tuning word to the DDS via its SPI interface...
H: How can a dominant state be the one with bigger voltage difference? I am studying about CAN buses, and there is one thing I just can't find an explanation for. I understand that the idea of a wired-and connection is, that if any node is driving the bus to the dominant state, the bus will get to the dominant state r...
H: Asynchronous write to EEPROM There is Stm32l052 with built-in EEPROM (2k). 4 ADC channels are used, data is collected by the trigger every 40 microseconds. Data from the ADC is processed in the interrupt (determined by the output of values beyond the boundaries). So, using the standard Hal libraries during recordin...
H: VHDL Error " Integer literal is not of type ieee.std_logic_1164.STD_LOGIC_VECTOR." I'm new to VHDL and I'm getting the following error when I try to compile my code: ** Error: F:\midterm night\assg 3\toplevel_design.vhd(18): near "<byte 0x93>": illegal character found in source ** Error: F:\midterm night\assg 3\to...
H: A question on factors affecting the offset removal of an opamp circuit I will use a function generator module which outputs 0-1V sine-wave for frequencies of interest from 0.5Hz to 30kHz importance. So my input will be 0-1V sine wave but I want to obtain an AC sine wave with 1V amplitude and 0V offset i.e symmetric...
H: Measuring phase shift between current and voltage with microcontroller I am trying to understand how this design is used to measure phase shift between current and voltage of an AC signal. From my understand there should be a PWM signal generated on the output. Resistors R3 and R4 are there to drop the 12 V output ...
H: Norton's equivalent circuit with independent sources I need to find the current flowing through \$R_{5}\$ by using Norton's theorem. What I tried to do was: Open-circuit the part of the circuit where there is \$R_{5}\$. Calculate \$R_{n}\$ by open-circuiting the independent current sources (that is, \$I_{1}\$) an...
H: What happens when an op amp misses one of the power rails? I would like to know what happens when a dual power supply op amp misses one of the power rails and what kinds of damage I can expect for op amp. What prompted this question: I have a analog PID module from SRS (SIM960). It usually works in a mainframe that...
H: PID Run Away Motor Control I have a PID controlling a DC motor. I am attempting to control the speed of the motor very precisely. My controller allows me to change the direction of the motor and give it a pwm for speed. Therefore, I have a PID that has a plus and minus maximum and minimum. In order to speed up the ...
H: Why is my DC motor making a rattling scraping sound? The DC motor on my hob extractor fan is making a rattling and scraping sound when I switch it on. I know it is coming from just the motor because I have tried running the motor on its own. What could be causing this sound? How can it be fixed? Thanks! AI: Its alm...
H: Current spikes on rising and falling edge of NPN BJT switch I am simulating a simple NPN BJT switch for PWM in LTspice, and I observe some current transients on the rising and falling edges that I do not understand. The circuit is here: Picture of the falling edge: Picture of the rising edge: On the falling edge...
H: What does 1 and 0 mean on this power supply? I have a Shaw Scientific power supply. On the front there is a switch to set the voltage from 0 to 12 volts. There is an on/off switch. There are connections for ac and also for dc. Then there is a switch with two options, 1 and 0. What could this function be ? AI: If yo...
H: How does the transistor topology look like for a gate of this logic inverter? How does a single inverter gate of this hex inverter, look like in transistor level? I don't mean the actual photo, but how does the transistor topology look like? Does the BJT inverter (see below), with two resistors, represent the exac...
H: Average Inductor Voltage equals Zero? Okay I already read this post which answers the question mathematically here, at the end of the top answer the poster said: "Thus, the only way to keep current from going to infinity is the condition I(T)=0 " So does this means that the indcutor does not have some property tha...
H: How do I find the current equations for the RLC Series Circuit? Let's talk about a RLC series circuit. R, L and C are in series with a battery and a switch. The switch is open. L and C are discharged. At t=0, the switch is closed and the battery (V1) feeds the circuit. To find the equation for the voltage across th...
H: Expected and actual unity gain bandwidth LM324N I have an LM324N configured as a unity gain voltage follower. The split rail power supply +/- 4.5V is provided using AA batteries. I am aware that better opamps exist, but this is for study purposes only. simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab As ...
H: High voltage to low voltage in ps/nanosecond time (Zener/opamp?) So I have a signal that goes from 0 to ~800volts in 30ns. I would like to use this signal to trigger a camera (input impedance of 50ohm) which takes a max of 10 volts and requires the rise time to be 1ns for this 10 volts. I tried a 10 volt zener diod...
H: Identify 4 pin Connector I need to get some more of this connector and solder my own cables however I can't find this exact one online. It looks like some variant of JST but from looking up the different types of JST I can't find one that matches this. The cable came with a LiDAR sensor. One end is a JST SH 1mm and...
H: Confusion on Servo and PWM (AVR) For reference im using an AVR Atmega 328p, and the servo specs i'll be using says this: Pulse Cycle: 20 ms (I assume this means the "period") Pulse Width: 600-2400 µs So from my understanding, using fast PWM and lets say a 1Mhz clock. I make the Width by setting 2 values. One whe...
H: i want to duplicate a signal generator output I want to duplicate signal generator output to dual. since i want to use same signal to two different place. Is this possible without amplifying and inverting the signals. Let me share some circuit. i just tried using two OP-AMP 741 and failed. I have only basic know...
H: Low power design, choosing correct buck-boost converter for LiPo battery I want your opinion on subject considering low power applications. I want to build basic loraWan tracker with Murata Lora module(3V3), and I want to use LiPo battery. What Im struggling with is power design circuit. I want a dc/dc buck-boost c...
H: Is there a 74HCT03 equivalent I can just replace "as is" Is there a 74HCT03 equivalent I can just replace "as is"? Of course, it will be better to buy the same exact chip reference but is it always the case? Many chips are equivalents pin-to-pin, right? If so, (in limits of current & voltages of course)...is thi...
H: Trying to understand floating voltage I'm trying to understand the concept of a floated voltage, and why it is needed in some cases. For my own case, I am using a variac connected to a rectifier to provide a DC voltage for a circuit, (charging a large capacitor for discharge). The circuit needs a ground connection,...
H: Battery first time charging duration Why does some manufacturer which I know using NiMH battery in their products recommends to charge the product for like 24 hours the first time you charge it, yet the seller usually tells to charge only 8-10 hours the first time you charge it. Which one should we follow? If we s...
H: What are the initial conditions used to find the coefficients in the current equations? Suppose a RLC series circuit. R, L and C are in series with a battery and a switch. The switch is open. L and C are discharged. At t=0, the switch is closed and the battery (V1) feeds the circuit. I apply KVL to the circuit and ...
H: Inverting, single-supply comparator not working as expected I am trying to convert an input sine wave to a square wave. The sine wave is centered at 2.5V and has an amplitude of 2V, with a frequency of 100kHz. I am looking for a hysteresis of 100mV centered around 2.5V. (ie. 50mV below and 50mV above 2.5V) I am try...
H: How does Wi-Fi deal with multiple frames received at once? Right now I'm trying to establish a network of 30+ transceivers with NRF24L01 modules - one of them acting as central. However there are big problems, whenever two or more nodes try to send data to one node. As far as I know, WiFi devices are able to recei...
H: Will an AC series motor work with DC supply? I have read that a DC series motor can be operated using AC supply, but there will be excessive heating in the core and yoke and also a low power factor. So, construction is modified to have laminated core and yoke to reduce eddy current losses (heating) and also compens...
H: How to find max load limit in datasheet? I have а datasheet but I don't understand: how to find max load limit in datasheet? Can I use this SSR to switch the load (12V DC), and what current can I count on? Thanks. AI: The maximum current through the output is listed in the datasheet: So do not exceed 150 mA. But h...
H: MOSFET driver circuit configuration for half bridge MOSFETs for power amplifier I am making a class D audio amplifier and I am using a MOSFET driver to control two MOSFETs in a half bridge configuration as shown in the circuit below When I connected the circuit without the MOSFET half-bridge, I grounded Vs and I g...
H: kicad: LM1117 can't choose Power output line I have an LM1117 regulator and I have this problem: When I "Perform electrical rules check" I have this error: ErrType(5): Conflict problem between pins. Severity error. - @ (224,79 mm,92.71 mm): Pin 4 (Power output) of component U1 is connected to - @ (224,79 mm,92.71 m...
H: How Does Line Frequency Affect Coils of a Contactor? I am using a generator as my source voltage, which produces 240VAC @ 240Hz. I was planning to use the following contactor from TE: CONTACTOR 4PST 40A 240V In the datasheet it says this contactor's coil's activating voltage needs to be 50/60Hz. Now what happens if...
H: Explanation of 3 Tone Control Circuit I'm building an analog drum machine and want to have a 3 tone control circuit to individually adjust the bass, midtones, and treble frequencies on each of my instrument channels. I thought it would be fairly simple to find a circuit that I could modify to my liking, but it's pr...
H: Why is it that true random number generators are not in every computer? I understand that one of the fundamental pillars of the programmable computer, is that we should implement features with software rather than hardware, anytime it is possible & more efficient (or less efficient but to a degree that we can deal ...
H: How much current will this LED draw? Sorry if this is a really basic question - software engineer here, so I'm a little out of my element. I'm working on an IoT project, and I'm planning on using this button with a red LED inside of it. For most of their products, this manufacturer lists how much current their stuf...
H: STM32F407 discovery board jumpers What is the usage of Jumper1(JP1), Jumper2(JP2) and Jumper3(JP3) on the STM32F407 discovery board? AI: The manual is pretty clear — JP1 is for measuring the current consumed by the board. It's even labeled "Idd" in the silkscreen. JP2 and JP3 on the back are just extra ground conne...
H: Can I use the external trigger to simultaneous capture waveforms on two oscilloscopes? I want to look at synchronization in a 6 oscillator network (oscillators are about 100 kHz, 1.5 V_pp, if this matters). I have a 4 channel oscilloscope (Tektronix TDS 2024B) and a 2 channel oscilloscope (Tektronix TDS 1001B). Can...
H: Calculate input impedance of this circuit I'm not too sure about this. It says neglecting all other capacitances so then surely the Cgs capactior is zero and thus that connection from the gate to between the two caps is relevant. So isn't the input impedance just the series combination of C1 and C2: $$Z_{in}=\fra...
H: Difference between low signal and no signal for a SR latch? I am struggling to understand how the SR latch works. When an input has designation 0, this means "low signal" correct? Is this completely different than "no signal"? Doesn't a logic gate need some kind of signal in both input wires in order to produce an...
H: Why is there a minimum input resistance? I was looking at this multimeter, and it says, Output rate:     0.1 V/A (use with a device having a 1 M-ohm input resistance or higher) Where can I read why this minimum resistance is required? Alternatively, what would happen if my voltmeter has smaller resistance? AI: ...
H: Vias not connected to ground plane I recently designed my first 2 PCBs. Both have a 5v copper plane on the top layer and a ground plane on the bottom layer. I use short traces and vias to connect top components to the ground plane. As you can see in my image, the bottom PCB was manufactured as expected. The top P...
H: Which suppresor device will be use for 2pole AC contactor 240v coil voltage in coil as well as contact side? I need an AC contactor for a 1 hp motor. For the contactor safety I'm goint to use the suppression device on the both coil and contact side. Please suggest me which suppressor device will be use! I have read...
H: Is this an artifact of DDS technique? When I sample a sine wave output of a DDS based bench function generator I have noticed there is always harmonics of the fundamental frequency. For example, below is the function generator's output set for 2Hz 1Vrms sine wave in time series and this is sampled by a 16-bit singl...
H: Voltage across LED and source when LED is floating from one end Refer to these pictures and can you explain why is there 3.335V coming across LED and the LED isn't even turning on. Also to note is that changing the resistor value does not change voltage at D2(A2) when switch is open. (I am using the D2(A2) point as...
H: ULN2003 Saturation Voltage help I'm busy designed a PCB that will use a Raspberry Pi's GPIOs to to drive several optoisolators. Additionally I'm also interfacing with an IO module that works with HIGH > 1V. Because of the number of optoisolators I'm using I don't want to overload the Pi's GPIO's and planned on usi...
H: Rising Edge-Triggered Truth Tables I'm trying to debug some issues in an old (early-90's is old now, isn't it?) circuit, and noticed something in at least two different chip's truth-tables, and thought I'd ask here.. In the 74LS74 (Positive Edge-Triggered Flip-Flop) and the 74LS374 (Edge-Triggered Latch) datasheets...
H: Base current and Vce relation in NPN transistor output characteristics Regarding the active region of an NPN transistor and output curves, for a fixed Ib when the Vce is increased the Ic increases; namely Early effect. The reason if Im not mistaken is that the increase in Vce makes the base thinner. How can we lo...
H: How to reduce noise in SMPS (Switching mode power supply) circuit I am just using a reference design of SMPS (from Microchip) to boost input voltage from 12V to 90V as the image below: It's working normally but the problem is the noise at the output of 90V. I measured the amplitude Vpeak-peak of noise around 150mV...
H: Can I charge each Lithium ion battery, that are connected in series, with individual charger? I don't know if I can do this and just want to make sure that it can work before I actually test it so that I don't have to worry about blowing my room up... The batteries have the same capacity so there won't be over disc...
H: Can a relay be used to power a 3.3 V appliance? I'm a programming student and I got into an Arduino class this semester. Here's some backstory behind this question: I need to make a Bluetooth module switch modes from master to slave and back, but I found out that the module only switches modes by being unpowered th...
H: Buffer with TL084CN and resistors simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab There are two buffers made with the TL084CN, which is part of the conditioning of an LTS25-P transformer. Currently, I have put a 100ohm resistor in the non-inverting input, and the feedback is without the resistor. Is it...
H: Schematic Feedback I am looking for design feedback regarding the following schematic. The idea is very simple. The Controller board pulls the relay coil terminal low on the relay board to activate the relay.The relay board is 6 feet away from the controller board. Once the relay is activated the brushless pump t...
H: NMOS - connect body to source or ground? I've had some weird occurances in labs etc. (using Cadence) where sometimes we would be told to connect the body/bulk/substrate terminal of our NMOS devices to the most negative part of the circuit (ground) and sometimes we were told to connect the body/bulk/substrate termin...
H: Can i use an AC 15A 250V / 30A 125V rocker in place of a 15A 125V / 10A 250V one? Amazon sent me the wrong replacement switch so i am wondering if i can use it? Original switch is AC 15A 125V / 10A 250V new one is AC 15A 250V / 30A 125V can i use it without damaging the appliance? AI: Yes you can use it. The rep...
H: How to know the size (W/L) for a circuit to source or sink a minimum of 4 times as much current as a minimum sized conventional inverter? Consider the tri-state NAND below (i.e. if EN is high, output is NAND of A&B; if EN low, output is floating. Assume EN and ~EN always track). Show work. a) Label each transistor ...