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H: Buck, Boost..etc Is there always an IC for that? First of all I am still in school so perhaps I have not been exposed to material that may answer this question for me. I have recently become interested in power electronics. I have purchased a book on the subject and I am taking an online course. Like usual they s...
H: What is the current through this parallel circuit? I'm trying to solve the attached circuit for I1 and I2. I think I1 is just 5A but I'm not so sure about I2, I think it might be just 10/5=2A but I'm not sure if the voltage in the top right part is still equal to 10V or not. I'm new to electronics, thanks in advanc...
H: Control dual color LED without microcontroller I have a latching, SPDT switch with dual color LEDs (the first page of the datasheet), that can either be Red or Blue depending on the polarity of the voltage. I would like them to be one color when the button is in position one, and the other color when the button is ...
H: What are the possible boot modes in the S32K146 (NXP S32K Series MCU) I have been investigating S32K146 MCU boot modes and possible mode selection options. I am interested to know the possible boot modes and how it can be set up. From datasheet (Page -92): It can be seen that boot can happen from the flash memory....
H: Opamp output sinewave is distorted I'm using an opamp to amplify a 3.5 Vpp (peak to peak) 10 kHz sinewave which seems fine apart from a tiny noise mostly visible at its' peaks which does not particularly concern me much. The blue sinewave is the input and the output is the red sinewave amplified at 6.7 Vpp. There i...
H: NFC spectrum analysis, weird frequencies showing I apologize for the picture quality, I did not have an opportunity to export the screenshots. I have a problem properly interpreting this signal. The subcarrier peak is visible but the data seems to be noisy? I assume using a pre amplifier wouldn't get me a better re...
H: Audio jack detection to turn on device without power loss I'm trying to make simple headphones amp and I wonder - is there any way to use stereo jack connector with N-C switches like this: to turn on the amp so the battery is mechanically disconnected? I mean that, if my connectors had N-O switches, it would be ea...
H: Effects of Neodymium magnets on PCB I'm currently doing a project that consists of: Arduino Nano. Battery. Buck Boost converter. GPS module. TSL2561 light sensor. BH1750FVI light sensors. LSM6DS3 Accelerometer. HDC1080. MicroSD shield with microSD All of the sensors are I2C based, GPS is UART and SD card is SPI. ...
H: Why does USB only use 2 lines for RX, TX instead of multiple data lines? Wouldn't it be faster if there were multiple data lines (say 8) to transmit/receive data (say sequential bytes) instead of using a single line to transmit sequential bits? AI: It would be faster indeed if instead of one line you'd feed multipl...
H: How to plot response of a non-linear state space model in Simulink? I am trying to plot a non-linear model in order to compare it with it's linearized counterpart. I am following this paper Nonlinear Model & Controller Design for Magnetic Levitation System and trying to reproduce the results the authors obtained. I...
H: How do I drive 60 back-to-back LEDs (Christmas Lights)? I would like to reuse some old LED strings. I hope to replace the (failed) original controller with an AVR chip, but I do not know how to construct the differential MOSFET driver stage. The sketch below is not complete (as the string is in fact 5 blocks of 12...
H: DC converters for solar cell As we know, the voltage level of a solar cell is lower than what a rechargable battery needs, and thus a DC converter is placed in between.( With feedback control for optimum V-I curve) This just confused me, so what the solar cell is delivering?? DC converter provides power from outlet...
H: PoS-SoP convertion of function bellow (NOT using K-map) Function F as: $$ F=\overline{C} \space \space \overline{D} +A\overline{D} + A\overline{B}$$ is a SoP (sum of products) which is given by grouping K-map's 1's. I tried to complement the function \$F\$ to get PoS (product of sums), like: $$ \overline{F}= (C+ D)...
H: Chimp climbing wires not electrocuted? Reference video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5-Fy4ULdPg The chimp is climbing both wires out of phase (i would have to assume, it is in Japan), do the power lines have to be closed for the chimp to do that? How is it possible that the chimp is not electrocuted? It was sta...
H: 3 phase voltage problem when connecting to servo I have 380V 3 phase with the following line to neutral voltages: L1: 238V, L2: 234V, L3: 224V. The system has a single phase servo driver that takes in L3 and N, however when hooked up L1, L2, and L3, change to the following: 394V, 400V, 0V. I'm not sure why this dis...
H: Output voltage of op-amp in open loop configuration What is the output voltage of op amp in open loop configuration when voltage in inverting input is greater than the one in the non-inverting input? Is there a technical term for this output voltage? Do datasheets refer to it? AI: What is the output voltage of op...
H: 74LVC and similar... can a logic 1 output sink current? Say I am running my 74LVC125 at 2.5V. At the A input I have a logic 1 and at the nOE input, I have a logic 0, so the device should be driving a logic 1 onto the Y output. With no load connected to the Y output, I should observe 2.5V at the output, obviously. N...
H: I have a college senior design question I'm in my second to last year of mechanical engineering. So next year I'm going to be going into senior design. For those that have gone into any engineering course and have done senior design projects... How are design projects chosen? Do I chose one from a list of does a pr...
H: Floating analog input using Arduino with 1m cable I use an analog input from an Arduino to read the value from a piezo plugged in parallel with a 1M ohm resistor. I followed this tutorial from Arduino: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Knock Here is my schematic: It worked perfectly until I decided to use a 1m ca...
H: Altium 18 PCB Filter Select X *except* if Y I'm trying to create a PCB filter that will allow me to select everything on the board except for components that have an 0402 or 0603 package size. We have a parameter in our passive parts called "Package" which can be '0402' or '0603', so this would be a perfect way to ...
H: How to test a MOV with no visible damage As far as i know cumulative degradation occurs in a MOV when multiple surges appears in a circuit, A way to minimize this degradation is having multiple MOVs in parallel. This kind of damage can be internal and so not detectable by visual inspection. In this situation i can ...
H: What step have I missed designing this differential amplifier? First time posting on EE.SE and I hope this question isn't too broad. This will be a long post. I should also point out: I'm asking the process and not the solution the problem. I've did create a circuit that works, but I also found a circuit online tha...
H: Is it OK that I solder inside my bedroom? I'm a hobbyist solderer using tin lead solder to occasionally repair broken electronics. As I don't solder all day every day, I use my normal writing desk in my bedroom, which stands next to my bed, for soldering, cleaning it afterwards with soap and water to remove flux re...
H: How can 400V & 690V on e-motors result in the same power Forgive my ignorance, but how can two 3-phase ratings on the same motor result in the same output power? The one I have is rated for 0.7kW in triangle for both 400V and 690V. AI: simulate this circuit – Schematic created using CircuitLab Figure 1. Connection ...
H: Why do we use a CMOS for inverting a circuit when the PMOS already achieves that? The output in a PMOS is as follows: I/P O/P 0 1 1 0 Why can't I just use this instead of using a CMOS for inverting logic? (Please explain in simple terms as I am a beginner in this topic and subject) AI: In a...
H: Continuous, frequency-domain digital equalizer I'm facing a real case of DSP application. I have a basic knowledge of digital filtering and telecommunication issues. The input of my "black-box" is a digital audio signal (say a common WAV file, stereo 44100 Hz, 16-bit). I need to develop a digital equalizer and crea...
H: Rearranging transfer function for Bode diagram Hi, I have been given this circuit and need to find its transfer function for then realizing its Bode diagram. The problem is that I don't know how to arrange the terms to find the asymptotes of the diagram. After some calculations I found : \$\frac{j\omega*R3*(R1+R...
H: How to write data to end of line of existing file (STM32CubeMX FATFS SDIO issue)? I have successfully coded write data into a CSV file is an SD card using STM32 CubeMS FATFS SDIO interface 1-bit mode. But I can't find the file append function in HAL FATFS driver to write data to existing file. Is there another way ...
H: How to drive p-channel MOSFET I need a high side switch. I thought about using a p-channel MOSFET. The source will be connected to around 50V-60V. How can I drive this MOSFET? I can't find a driver which can switch between 60V and 45V in order to put the MOSFET on and off. They all switch between ground and Vcc, wh...
H: Is input current of a gate driver auto-regulated? I have tried googling, but almost everything I can find on gate drivers discusses only the maximum current parameters. I'm looking at a gate driver for a university project. The gate driver uses 3.3V logic, and on the datasheet lists the maximum 'Input Logic Current...
H: what is the German/Austrian nomenclature(Voltage and current direction) in electronic circuit? AS I came from a country where we use the french system in defining the voltage current arrows in electronic circuit, I am confused about the German/Austrian system where I see the voltage arrow is directed from positive ...
H: How fast do power plants need to respond to demand? I've heard the layman's description of electrical grid response time before - it usually contains the word "instant" or "real-time". But I'm interested in the actual response times of the various types of power generation. My limited ability to research has led m...
H: Why is the potentiometer setup in this configuration in this 555 circuit I just started learning about chips and signals using the book Make: Electronics, in one of the circuits, used to generate a pulse in Monostable mode a potentiometer is used to vary the pulse length. What I'm having trouble understanding is w...
H: Operating Voltage Range Question Almost certainly a neophyte question. I'm trying to understand the difference between nominal voltage and operation voltage range. My intuition was that, for a given power supply, it would hold a voltage within a few volts (hence, it would have an operational voltage range within a...
H: Burst mode in synchronous buck converter with current mode control? I read this previous question: The meaning of Burst Mode It says burst mode happens when the resistance of the load is light and the system stops switching the MOSFETs. However, I just cannot understand how the light load decreases the load current...
H: Diode on op-amp output to drive tube I am working on a tube based guitar amplifier, and found an interesting schematic online. There is an op-amp that has diodes across a resistor in the feedback path. I understand what it makes the op-amp do, instantly skip over any value less then abs(0.5V). What I'm asking is if...
H: RF Antenna design for 2 different operating frequencies I have noticed that my mobile phone sometimes shows it is using the 3G and then other times the 4G. How is that possible if they are using the same antenna? I assume it would use a microcontroller to switch the path going to the antenna to have the correct imp...
H: What's the source of this noise in my Arduino oscillator? I've been experimenting with techniques to rapidly switch on and off the digital output pins in an Arduino. This is the code I use: #define PIN3_ON PORTD |= 0x8 #define PIN3_OFF PORTD &= ~0x8 #define NOP __asm__ __volatile__ ("nop\n\tnop\n\tnop\n\tnop\n\tnop...
H: Troubleshooting TL071 to TA8207 100 Hertz hum I worked out to build a pre-amplifier connected to a power driver in a single setups(a pcb). Problem arises when it's powered up. here are a few questions. Setup has a TL071CP as preamp with a unity gain. an input impedance of **10meg** through a 100n polyester cap. ...
H: DC-DC step down 12V to 5V source versus straight 5V source Here is the scenario: I have a project needing 3 supply powers: 3.3V to run the microcontroller (max 100mA) 5V to run a bunch of adressable LEDs (max 8A, the most current intensive) 12V to supply op amps (max 15mA x 6 = 90mA for all opamps supplies) The ...
H: RF Development board layout questions I was looking at the development board layout for the MMZ09312B and I had a few questions: datasheet: http://cache.freescale.com/files/rf_if/doc/data_sheet/MMZ09312B.pdf Are large polygon pours away from the signal path a good practice? For example in the test circuit the top ...
H: USBL Hydrophone Array Spacing I am trying to design a USBL acoustic pinger location system for a school project. I am struggling to determine if the frequency of the acoustic beacon ping places a constraint on the distances between hydrophones in the array. I have found in one source online that the hydrophones mus...
H: Why is there a grounding clip on this solder sucker instead of a third prong on the plug? As most of these inexpensive tools tend to omit the ground altogether (such as in soldering irons), why would ground be added as a clip instead of a third prong? Is there an advantage for it to be implemented this way? AI: Som...
H: Which is positive? Green or black? I tried cutting my old Gameboy Advance SP Charger wires out since the adaptor doesn't work anymore. I am planning to attach it on a USB cord to replace the adaptor. I have noticed that the wires aren't colored red and black which is the usual. The wires are enclosed in a single bl...
H: Unexpected behaviour of operational amplifier in an LDR light sensor Here is the circuit I have set up in my breadboard It is a light sensor using an LDR. I am using the op amp as comparator. When indoors light is reduced, the LED lights up and I am able to set the lighting threshold with the help of the potentio...
H: Accumulate output from PID controller I have come across a handful of examples of PID controllers where the process input is the accumulated PID output, i.e. the controller loop is u += pid(...) rather than u = pid(...) where u is the process input. For the sake of example, say we are using PID to control the speed...
H: Using less than 10 LEDs on LM3914 The LM3914 IC has a divider that works over 10 LEDs. Does this IC enable using less than 10 leds and does it automatically adjust the scale based on the number of LEDs (eg 5)? AI: Does this IC enable using less than 10 LEDs Yes. ... and does it automatically adjust the scale base...
H: Opto-Isolater always on by higher voltage I use an AQH3213 Opto-Isolater. When I use 3.3V on the 'dc motor side', everything works fine and it 'turns off and on in an interval of 1 second'. But when I use 5V, it's always on.... Do you have any suggestions what I do wrong? The simple test code is correct, because i...
H: Does a plugged in 12v usb-charger use energy when no device is connected? I hard-wired a 12v cigarette-plug into my a-pillar. The whole point is to have an additional phone charger on the leftside where my phone mostly sits. I connected it directly to the battery ( with a fuse ), so I can use it when the engine is ...
H: Ultrasonic Pulse Generator using Power Mosfet and Gate Driver. Confused about datasheet compatibility I'm working on a project for University. The goal is to create an ultrasonic flaw detector that can measure flaws within a piece of metal. I have only taken introductory courses in the different branches of electri...
H: Building circuit to amplify small sensor signals using an Instrumentation Amplifier and 24-Bit ADC I'm a beginner when it comes to circuit design and I have spent the last few weeks doing research on this topic. I have now chosen some ICs (Instrumentation Amplifier and ADC) and would like to build the circuit. Howe...
H: Single battery for different voltage components So I have a 12V DC motor and a 6V stepper motor. Ideally, I would like both of them to draw from the same 12V battery pack (due to build constraints). The DC motor will be fine but the extra 6V running through the stepper could damage it, right? Is there a way I could...
H: IC Identification - TT617-18-1 Does anyone have any ideas what this chip is please? Tried searching but to no avail. (I think the chip Identifier is the TT617-18-1). Thanks in advance. AI: It is a "Call Progress Tone Generator" please follow the link https://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/courses/ece4760/FinalProjec...
H: Power NMOS used as voltage switch I've designed a PCB schematic that uses a MOS device to switch one of the higher power rails. I've looked through the datasheets many times, and believe it should work, according to the Current-Voltage characteristics of the device. However, I'm very apprehensive about this, as I a...
H: what is simultaneous switching output noise? Can someone explain to me what simultaneous switching output noise is (SSO) is it the same thing as simultaneous switching noise (SSN)? from what I understand when lots of pins are switching together it affects current draw from the source and this is a problem for paral...
H: Understanding ladder PLC logic I'm trying to understand the flow logic of ladder language. Is it sequential like C/C++? "i don't think so" Particular case: I've been trying to something very simple but cant make it happen as I want! Figure 1. ladder logic for counting and reset The timer never resets, I've tried ...
H: How to automatically assemble lithium polymer battery? I'm redesigning a product for automatic assembly (DFA / DFX). The current product includes a lithium polymer battery with solderable leads, very similar to this: Right now the leads are hand-soldered. How do I make this into something that can be assembled au...
H: How do I keep this VCCS stable? I have designed a circuit to measure impedance of certain tissues. It injects a constant current from two electrodes and measures the voltage at different electrodes. The system mainly consists of a frequency generator, voltage controlled current source, some multiplexers connecting ...
H: Ltspice ac anlysis with dc offset I am doing ac analysis of a simple passive RC low pass filter. The input is a 2 V peak to peak sinusoidal signal. R=1.2k and c=12nF. I want to add a 2.5 V dc offset to the input signal. When I change the dc offset value of the signal generator I always see the same magnitude value....
H: Conductivity formula for Metals Is there any expression for the direct change in conductivity of metals with temperature ? I am aware of change in resistivity with temperature. AI: Since $$\sigma = \frac1\rho $$ and, for a good approximation on typical temperatures where the metal is solid and and warmer than 180 ...
H: Help identify the discrete component in this battery pack I am rebuilding a NiMH battery pack for a RF remote control device which can be recharged by plugging the device in. The battery pack is connected with three wires: black to the negative red to the positive BLUE through a mysterious discrete component to th...
H: Problem with interrupt-based timer on STM32F411 I was following this online tutorial and cannot get the interrupt-based timer to work. I know the timer is running because if I uncomment the five lines in the main loop, I get a nice square wave output. But with those lines commented out, the timer interrupt is not...
H: Does anyone know how the low tone control of the Boss Metalzone works? https://electricdruid.net/boss-mt-2-metal-zone-pedal-analysis/ https://sound-au.com/articles/gyrator-filters.htm#s9 I have been using these websites to try and work out how the eq works, but I've had a bit of a problem when it comes to the gyr...
H: Differential transimpedance amplifier I have found an opamp schematic that I don't understand. As far as I know a transimpedance amplifier "converts" my input current into an output voltage. But in this case the positive and the negative inputs are driven by an input current. Does that mean that my current differe...
H: Creating DNF with variable in output column I am trying to model an Arbiter in VHDL. For this I've created a Moore automaton and am currently mapping the output. The output should be when mapping from the state: z1 z0 | y 0 0 | 0000 0 1 | inB 1 0 | inA 1 1 | inA So basically depending on the state z either...
H: Does anyone know how the Boss Metalzone sweepable mids affect the bandpass? https://electricdruid.net/boss-mt-2-metal-zone-pedal-analysis/ https://sound-au.com/project150.htm Like in the original question - I'm struggling to understand the relationship between the op-amp on the right to the op-amp on the left. As...
H: TP4056 to charge xS1P li-po li-ion Very related to this question. While it's already clear that several TP4056 can't be used to charge and discharge several cells, it's not clear to me if it's possible to only charge a battery pack with several cells in series. The input and output GND pads are connected, but what ...
H: How make a dual +-12V supply from a 24V SMPS I'm trying to power a home-made load cell transmitter using a 24V single SMPS. I need to make +12, 0 and -12 Volts that are capable of 50mA. I wish to power multiple channels of opamps and bridges. I don't have much budget and availability of components in India. I have ...
H: Is it better to control an amplitude of audio signal or gain? I'm creating simple headphones amplifier with an opamp (basic non-inverting config with RC high-pass on NI) and I wonder, what's better - to control an amplitude of input signal, or a gain of an opamp? What are benefits from gain control over signal cont...
H: UART - Writing and reading AT commands I am working with a B-L072Z-LRWAN1 board and a 8pya00-simcom-evb v1.02 board with SIM7000E. This SIM module operates through AT commands and I need to send these commands through an UART connected between mentioned boards. I have already set up the UART in the B-L072Z-LRWAN1 a...
H: Can a magnet cause a microwave oven to unsafely radiate energy? I've already successfully warped the colors on a large old CRT Television by setting unshielded speakers on top of it. If I understand correctly, this was due to the deviation of the electro-magnetic (EM) radiation beam from its intended target, as inf...
H: Driving LED with 555 timer and BC639 transistor I am trying to produce an LED dimmer circuit using a 555 timer circuit and a BC639 NPN transistor. I know there are better transistors that would suit the task better, but the BC639 is what I have to work with. I've got the 555 timer configured so that it is outputti...
H: Speaker crossover wiring Came across some old Arcam speakers (cut open) and using the parts to build a bluetooth speaker box. Only problem is I can't figure out the wiring on the crossover/filter. The original speakers are pretty old so Google didn't help much. Image of component side Have a 2-channel audio amp ...
H: What is a "reverse type" tsop? I was looking through a datasheet, when I noticed this sentence: TSOP package is suitable for cards, and reverse type TSOP is also provided. What is a "reverse type" TSOP? I am familiar with TSOP packages. AI: The difference is shown on page 3 of the datasheet you linked to. It is...
H: L293D Enable pins can reduce chip heat? I use a L293D to drive a 7.4V (280mA/phase) stepper motor. I rotate the small motor 1 rev per DAY. The L293D is hot all the time even though the motor turns only once per day. I saw there are “Enable” pins, and I keep them high all the time. If I set the Enable pins LOW most ...
H: Reversing P-channel mosfet for polarity protection component selection Situation: I'm trying to implement a reverse polarity circuit using a p-channel mosfet and a voltage divider using a resistor + schottsky diode. More information here if you need a refresher. The key point here is that the MOSFET is reversed. Th...
H: Blown oddball fuse I have a device that has a blown Daito BD20 DC400V 2A fuse. Datasheet here: https://www.furutaka-netsel.co.jp/pdf/daito/bd.pdf . These are rather odd looking, solder-in fuses and they are apparently a bit hard to find. The fuse also has an interesting internal construction; the top just snaps ...
H: How do you measure quiescent current? How do you measure quiescent current? (For instance, a Battery connected device) AI: You measure it like you would active current use. Nothing changes. Quiescent current is the amount of current a circuit, that is doing nothing, takes. You would connect it to a ammeter just the...
H: Step down open collector circuit I'm trying to use the LPD3806-400 incremental encoder with an Arduino DUE. I have the problem that the datasheet says 5 V to 24 V and also the output is open collector. Therefore, I have to pull up the output. I guess this can be done with the standard pull-up resistor method. Howev...
H: How do I create a working bandpass filter in LTSpice? I am attempting to create a bandpass filter in LTSpice. I am fairly new to the program, which is probably contributing to my difficulties. The filter I am creating needs to have a center frequency of 1200 Hz, with the cutoff frequencies at 1080 Hz and 1320 Hz. W...
H: Is there a relay that disconnects BOTH positive and ground wires? My latest time-lapse camera rig, was failing to run due to the constant ground connection on the camera power input. This is an off-grid, solar-powered rig, combining a Raspberry Pi and an Arduino, to share tasks using a minimum of energy. As a novic...
H: Simple way to avoid current draw on resistor divider sense? This is a simple, but complicated question. I measure voltage on several lines, more than 3'000. The lines can be up to 100V. I only need to measure at certain time, and would like to avoid current draw from the sense lines when it's not being measured. I ...
H: Can Flash controllers make a card readonly? It is said in this answer here that Some of them have a controller chip that will permanently lock them to read only if they detect a write error, as a preservation measure. Is it possible for a flash controller to permanently lock a SD card into readonly such that i...
H: Output voltage of boost converter in shutdown mode (no switching) Is it common that a boost DCDC converter has an output voltage which is the same as the input voltage, when the switching does not occur? I'm reading the TPS55340EVM-017 datasheet. In the caption for Figure 14, it is described that the EN voltage go...
H: A question about reverse polarity protection diode Is the function of 1N4001 before the 5V regulator reverse polarity protection? Is this a fine method? And I sometimes see 1N4148. Can any diode(besides zener) be used for such function? AI: Yes, this diode is probably for reverse polarity protection. It does its ...
H: Convert bit to bin Xilinx file How can I convert a .bit (output from ISE Project Navigator) into a .bin file? For what I understand, .bit files are similar to .bin but with a header that specifies things like the board and stuff. AI: Better than convert, it is possible to directly generate the bin file with ISE Pro...
H: Do poles enhance frequency or cause it to dip I'm a bit confused about the idea of poles. In some of my courses such as digital signal processing, we are taught that in filter design, you place a pole at a frequency you want to enhance and a zero where you want to cause a dip. In other courses in which we deal with...
H: Using a usb-c laptop charger to charge a phone I don't really know anything about electronics and I'm not sure if it's the right place to ask, but still. Is it OK to charge my phone with my laptop's charger? Here's info on the laptop charger: And here's info on the phone charger: AI: Generally speaking, the fact t...
H: How to 'fix' this in an enclosure without glueing? I have an enclosure, and want to fix/put a STM32 inside, a relay and probably later a small circuit board. However, the STM (STM32F103C8T6) and the relay do not have holes to fix them... and I do not want to glue them because maybe later I want to change/add compo...
H: How to find value of unknown resistance when only net voltage and current across unknown resistor is given (in parallel) I have just started learning thus as it was not my core subject. I searched on google and tried to search for a relevant youtube video. But I was not able to find a proper answer. AI: Actually s...
H: How much current can a 0.1" pitch pin header pass? I'm curious how much current it is safe to pass through a 0.1" pitch pin header. I'm sure it will depend on the gauge and stranding of the wire attached to it as well, but assuming that is not the limiting factor how much could be safely passed? AI: Samtecs TSW sta...
H: Raspberry PI controlled LED strip flickering I have the following circuit, the gate is driven by a pwm pin on a raspberry pi zero. The LED, successfully light when my program commands it to. However, the LEDs flicker occasionally when the duty cycle is set to anything less than 100. What can I do to stop the LEDs...
H: Understanding Zener diode datasheet I am a beginner in electronics, and if you have a look at my profile, you'll understand that I'm completely confused in nomenclature of components. I recently downloaded a datasheet of a Zener diode series, but I need a bit of help in studying it. I can't understand most of the c...
H: Single push button relay with reset I have an automotive application where I would need a 12V relay/circuit that can be toggled with single button between on/off. But it should reset itself back to when input voltage drops to zero. I found this: https://www.the12volt.com/installbay/uploads/E33_Latching_Relay_2.gif...
H: What does it mean to "gate the clock"? In my lecture notes I keep reading "do not gate the clock". I tried searching on the Internet, but I'm unable to find the exact meaning of this phrase. AI: To "gate the clock" means put a logic gate in the clock line to switch it on or off. simulate this circuit – Schematic ...
H: SPST Power Switch with LED for Guitar Amplifier I would like to have a power switch for the solid state guitar amp I am building, but I would like an LED indicator to know when it is on. I know how to do this using a dpdt on-off, but would it be possible to use an spst and still have the LED? AI: Yes. Put the LED i...
H: Is this an encoder? Correct naming of circuitry Newby to the digital circuitry world please be nice. For a rock paper scissors game, I've created the following to determine a winner, however I don't know what this circuit would be called in the realm of correct terminology. I'm tempted to simply call it an encoder ...
H: Headphone Audio Noise I built an audio mixer, and tested it with two different pairs of headphones. When I test it with one pair of headphones (I'll call Headphones #1), there is no noise (except for a few "pop" sounds when it first connects). When I test it with the second pair of headphones, there is very audible...
H: Is it necessary to integrate the output voltage of Rogowski Coils, but not the output voltage of current transformers? I have researched how Rogowski Coils works, and I have seen the integrator circuit at the output of the coil, I have seen the waveforms, done the math, I know that it's necessary to integrate the s...
H: Solenoid circuit current draw doesn't match calculations I have a circuit of 6 solenoids connected to Darlington Array (http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/uln2803a.pdf) and driven by 18V (2x9V batteries) as can be seen below: From what I understand, each load should draw 200mA (18V/88Ohm) and when all of them are sw...