or-bench-problems / demo /src /generator.py
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Publish ORBench 100-problem catalog and recorded results
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from __future__ import annotations
import hashlib
import json
import random
from pathlib import Path
from src.domain import (
DEFAULT_SEED,
N_ASSIGNMENT,
N_INVENTORY,
N_PROBLEMS,
N_SCHEDULING,
AssignmentAgent,
AssignmentCost,
AssignmentInstance,
AssignmentTask,
Difficulty,
Family,
InventoryInstance,
InventorySku,
ProblemRecord,
ScheduleInstance,
ScheduleJob,
SchedulePrecedence,
Split,
)
from src.optimizer import solve_instance
DEV_TEMPLATES = ("D-A", "D-B", "D-C")
TEST_TEMPLATES = ("T-A", "T-B")
SKU_NAMES = ("bearing", "seal", "gasket", "filter", "hose", "valve")
SKU_FA = ("بلبرینگ", "آب‌بند", "واشر", "فیلتر", "شیلنگ", "شیر")
TASK_SKILLS = ("weld", "inspect", "pack", "lift")
INTERACTIVE_IDS = (
"INV-001",
"INV-008",
"INV-014",
"INV-021",
"INV-028",
"INV-031",
"INV-034",
"ASN-001",
"ASN-006",
"ASN-012",
"ASN-018",
"ASN-024",
"ASN-029",
"ASN-033",
"SCH-001",
"SCH-007",
"SCH-013",
"SCH-019",
"SCH-027",
"SCH-033",
)
def _split_for(index: int, n_items: int) -> Split:
# First 20 of each family → 60 development / 40 test overall.
_ = n_items
return Split.DEVELOPMENT if index <= 20 else Split.TEST
def _difficulty(index: int, n_items: int, infeasible_tail: int) -> Difficulty:
if index > n_items - infeasible_tail:
return Difficulty.INFEASIBLE
if index % 7 == 0:
return Difficulty.HARD
if index % 3 == 0:
return Difficulty.MEDIUM
return Difficulty.EASY
def _template(split: Split, index: int) -> str:
pool = DEV_TEMPLATES if split == Split.DEVELOPMENT else TEST_TEMPLATES
return pool[(index - 1) % len(pool)]
def _key(*parts: object) -> str:
raw = "|".join(str(item) for item in parts)
return hashlib.sha256(raw.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()[:16]
def _wrap_schema(payload: dict, template_id: str) -> str:
if template_id.startswith("D-"):
return "SCHEMA_BEGIN\n" + json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False) + "\nSCHEMA_END\n"
return ""
def _json_prompt(payload: dict) -> str:
return json.dumps(payload, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2)
def make_inventory(index: int, rng: random.Random) -> tuple[InventoryInstance, str]:
difficulty = _difficulty(index, N_INVENTORY, 3)
n_sku = 2 if difficulty == Difficulty.EASY else 3 if difficulty != Difficulty.HARD else 4
periods = 3 if difficulty != Difficulty.HARD else 4
cover = difficulty in {Difficulty.HARD, Difficulty.INFEASIBLE} or index % 5 == 0
skus = []
for k in range(n_sku):
demand = [rng.randint(2, 8) for _ in range(periods)]
pack = rng.choice([1, 2, 3])
skus.append(
InventorySku(
sku_id=f"S{k + 1}",
name=SKU_NAMES[k],
demand=demand,
initial_stock=rng.randint(0, 3),
unit_cost=rng.randint(3, 9),
holding_cost=rng.randint(1, 3),
shortage_cost=rng.randint(6, 14),
pack_size=pack,
lead_time=0,
)
)
total_need = sum(max(0, sum(sku.demand) - sku.initial_stock) for sku in skus)
min_buy = 0
for sku in skus:
need = max(0, sum(sku.demand) - sku.initial_stock)
packs = (need + sku.pack_size - 1) // sku.pack_size
min_buy += packs * sku.pack_size * sku.unit_cost
cap = max(8, int(total_need * 0.7) + rng.randint(2, 8))
if difficulty == Difficulty.INFEASIBLE:
for sku in skus:
sku.initial_stock = 0
sku.demand = [max(3, value) for value in sku.demand]
total_need = sum(sum(sku.demand) for sku in skus)
min_buy = 0
for sku in skus:
packs = (sum(sku.demand) + sku.pack_size - 1) // sku.pack_size
min_buy += packs * sku.pack_size * sku.unit_cost
budget = max(1, min_buy // 5)
cover = True
cap = max(6, total_need)
elif difficulty == Difficulty.HARD:
budget = max(min_buy, int(min_buy * 1.05) + 2)
else:
budget = min_buy + rng.randint(8, 24)
instance = InventoryInstance(
periods=periods,
budget=int(budget),
warehouse_capacity=int(cap),
cover_required=cover,
lost_sales=True,
skus=skus,
)
return instance, difficulty.value
def render_inventory(instance: InventoryInstance, template_id: str, language: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
labeled = []
for sku in instance.skus:
labeled.append(
f"SKU {sku.sku_id} demand={','.join(str(v) for v in sku.demand)} pack={sku.pack_size} "
f"cost={sku.unit_cost} hold={sku.holding_cost} short={sku.shortage_cost} stock={sku.initial_stock}"
)
labels = (
f"PERIODS: {instance.periods}\nBUDGET: {instance.budget}\nCAPACITY: {instance.warehouse_capacity}\n"
f"COVER_REQUIRED: {1 if instance.cover_required else 0}\n" + "\n".join(labeled)
)
schema_block = _wrap_schema(instance.model_dump(), template_id)
names = ", ".join(f"{sku.sku_id} ({sku.name})" for sku in instance.skus)
names_fa = ", ".join(f"{sku.sku_id} ({SKU_FA[int(sku.sku_id[1:]) - 1]})" for sku in instance.skus)
cover_en = "All demand must be covered; lost sales are forbidden." if instance.cover_required else "Lost sales are allowed and charged."
cover_fa = "پوشش کامل تقاضا الزامی است." if instance.cover_required else "کمبود مجاز است و جریمه دارد."
if template_id in {"D-A", "D-B", "D-C"}:
en = (
f"A B2B warehouse plans {instance.periods} weeks for {len(instance.skus)} SKUs: {names}. "
f"{cover_en} Orders are pack multiples. Lead time is 0. "
f"Budget is {instance.budget} currency units. Storage holds at most {instance.warehouse_capacity} units in total. "
"Minimize purchase + holding + shortage.\n"
f"{labels}\n{schema_block}"
)
fa = (
f"یک انبار B2B برای {instance.periods} هفته و {len(instance.skus)} کالا برنامه می‌خرد: {names_fa}. "
f"{cover_fa} سفارش مضرب بسته است. زمان تأمین صفر است. "
f"بودجه برابر {instance.budget} واحد پول و ظرفیت انبار {instance.warehouse_capacity} واحد است. "
"هدف کمینه‌کردن خرید + نگهداری + کمبود است.\n"
f"{labels}\n{schema_block}"
)
else:
demand_txt = "; ".join(f"{sku.sku_id} wants {sku.demand} at pack {sku.pack_size}" for sku in instance.skus)
en = (
f"Replenish {names} over a {instance.periods}-week horizon. {cover_en} "
f"The buyer cannot spend more than {instance.budget}. On-hand stock across SKUs cannot exceed {instance.warehouse_capacity}. "
f"{demand_txt}. Costs and opening stock are in the JSON companion."
)
fa = (
f"برای {names_fa} در افق {instance.periods} هفته خرید کنید. {cover_fa} "
f"سقف هزینه {instance.budget} و سقف موجودی کل {instance.warehouse_capacity} است. "
"جزئیات تقاضا و بسته در فایل JSON همراه است."
)
return en, fa
def make_assignment(index: int, rng: random.Random) -> tuple[AssignmentInstance, str]:
difficulty = _difficulty(index, N_ASSIGNMENT, 2)
n_tasks = 4 if difficulty == Difficulty.EASY else 6 if difficulty != Difficulty.HARD else 8
n_agents = 3 if difficulty != Difficulty.HARD else 4
tasks = []
for k in range(n_tasks):
skills = [rng.choice(TASK_SKILLS)]
if difficulty != Difficulty.EASY and rng.random() < 0.35:
skills.append(rng.choice(TASK_SKILLS))
skills = sorted(set(skills))
tasks.append(
AssignmentTask(
task_id=f"T{k + 1}",
name=f"job-{k + 1}",
size=rng.randint(1, 3),
required=True if difficulty == Difficulty.INFEASIBLE else (k < n_tasks - 1 or difficulty != Difficulty.EASY),
skills=skills,
penalty=rng.randint(20, 40),
)
)
agents = []
for k in range(n_agents):
skills = [TASK_SKILLS[k % len(TASK_SKILLS)]]
if difficulty != Difficulty.EASY:
skills.append(TASK_SKILLS[(k + 1) % len(TASK_SKILLS)])
agents.append(
AssignmentAgent(
agent_id=f"A{k + 1}",
name=f"tech-{k + 1}",
capacity=rng.randint(3, 6) if difficulty != Difficulty.INFEASIBLE else 1,
skills=sorted(set(skills)),
)
)
if difficulty == Difficulty.INFEASIBLE:
for task in tasks:
task.required = True
task.size = 3
for agent in agents:
agent.capacity = 1
else:
for idx, task in enumerate(tasks):
agent = agents[idx % len(agents)]
if not (set(task.skills) & set(agent.skills)):
task.skills = sorted(set(task.skills + agent.skills[:1]))
required_load = sum(task.size for task in tasks if task.required)
agents[-1].skills = sorted(set(TASK_SKILLS))
total_cap = sum(agent.capacity for agent in agents)
if required_load > total_cap:
agents[-1].capacity += required_load - total_cap + 2
else:
agents[-1].capacity += 2
costs = []
for task in tasks:
for agent in agents:
if set(task.skills) & set(agent.skills) or not task.skills:
costs.append(AssignmentCost(task_id=task.task_id, agent_id=agent.agent_id, cost=rng.randint(4, 18)))
return AssignmentInstance(tasks=tasks, agents=agents, costs=costs), difficulty.value
def render_assignment(instance: AssignmentInstance, template_id: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
payload = instance.model_dump()
schema_block = _wrap_schema(payload, template_id)
task_txt = ", ".join(f"{task.task_id} size {task.size} skills {'/'.join(task.skills)}" for task in instance.tasks)
agent_txt = ", ".join(f"{agent.agent_id} cap {agent.capacity} skills {'/'.join(agent.skills)}" for agent in instance.agents)
if template_id.startswith("D-"):
en = (
"Assign each required maintenance task to at most one eligible technician. "
"Do not exceed agent capacity. Optional leftover tasks pay a penalty.\n"
f"TASKS: {task_txt}\nAGENTS: {agent_txt}\n{schema_block}"
)
fa = (
"هر کار الزامی را حداکثر به یک تکنسین واجد مهارت بدهید و از ظرفیت نفر تجاوز نکنید. "
"کار اختیاریِ انجام‌نشده جریمه دارد.\n"
f"TASKS: {task_txt}\nAGENTS: {agent_txt}\n{schema_block}"
)
else:
en = (
f"A service desk has technicians {agent_txt}. Work orders: {task_txt}. "
"A task may use an agent only when they share a skill. Minimize assignment cost plus leftover penalties."
)
fa = (
f"میز خدمت تکنسین‌های {agent_txt} را دارد. سفارش‌ها: {task_txt}. "
"تخصیص فقط با مهارت مشترک مجاز است. هزینه تخصیص به‌علاوه جریمه کار باقی‌مانده کمینه شود."
)
return en, fa
def make_schedule(index: int, rng: random.Random) -> tuple[ScheduleInstance, str]:
difficulty = _difficulty(index, N_SCHEDULING, 3)
n_jobs = 4 if difficulty == Difficulty.EASY else 6 if difficulty != Difficulty.HARD else 8
machines = ["M1"] if difficulty == Difficulty.EASY else ["M1", "M2"]
jobs = []
cursor = 0
for k in range(n_jobs):
duration = rng.randint(2, 5)
release = rng.choice([0, 0, 1, 2])
due = cursor + duration + rng.randint(1, 4)
hard = difficulty == Difficulty.INFEASIBLE and k < 2
if difficulty == Difficulty.INFEASIBLE and k < 2:
due = release + duration - 1
eligible = machines[:] if difficulty == Difficulty.EASY or rng.random() < 0.7 else [rng.choice(machines)]
jobs.append(
ScheduleJob(
job_id=f"J{k + 1}",
name=f"op-{k + 1}",
duration=duration,
release=release,
due=max(due, release + duration),
weight=rng.randint(1, 4),
hard_due=hard,
machine_eligible=eligible,
)
)
cursor += duration
if difficulty == Difficulty.INFEASIBLE and len(jobs) >= 2:
jobs[0].hard_due = True
jobs[0].due = jobs[0].release + jobs[0].duration - 1
jobs[1].hard_due = True
jobs[1].due = jobs[1].release + jobs[1].duration - 1
if jobs[0].due < jobs[0].release + jobs[0].duration:
pass
precedences = []
if difficulty != Difficulty.EASY and n_jobs >= 3:
precedences.append(SchedulePrecedence(before="J1", after="J3"))
if difficulty == Difficulty.HARD and n_jobs >= 5:
precedences.append(SchedulePrecedence(before="J2", after="J5"))
horizon = sum(job.duration for job in jobs) + 8
return ScheduleInstance(machines=machines, jobs=jobs, precedences=precedences, horizon=horizon), difficulty.value
def render_schedule(instance: ScheduleInstance, template_id: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
payload = instance.model_dump()
schema_block = _wrap_schema(payload, template_id)
job_txt = ", ".join(
f"{job.job_id} dur {job.duration} rel {job.release} due {job.due}{' hard' if job.hard_due else ''}"
for job in instance.jobs
)
pred = ", ".join(f"{edge.before}->{edge.after}" for edge in instance.precedences) or "none"
if template_id.startswith("D-"):
en = (
f"Schedule jobs on machines {', '.join(instance.machines)} without overlap. "
f"Respect release times and precedences ({pred}). Hard due dates are deadlines.\n"
f"JOBS: {job_txt}\n{schema_block}"
)
fa = (
f"کارها را روی ماشین‌های {', '.join(instance.machines)} بدون هم‌پوشانی زمان‌بندی کنید. "
f"زمان آزادسازی و تقدم ({pred}) رعایت شود. موعد سخت ضرب‌الاجل است.\n"
f"JOBS: {job_txt}\n{schema_block}"
)
else:
en = (
f"A shop has machines {', '.join(instance.machines)}. Jobs: {job_txt}. "
f"Precedence: {pred}. Minimize weighted tardiness. Do not overlap a machine."
)
fa = (
f"کارگاه ماشین‌های {', '.join(instance.machines)} را دارد. کارها: {job_txt}. "
f"تقدم: {pred}. تأخیر وزنی کمینه شود و ماشین هم‌پوشانی نداشته باشد."
)
return en, fa
def _finalize(
problem_id: str,
family: Family,
index: int,
n_items: int,
instance,
difficulty: str,
template_id: str,
language: str,
seed: int,
prompt_en: str,
prompt_fa: str,
notes: str,
) -> ProblemRecord:
split = _split_for(index, n_items)
payload = instance.model_dump()
gold = solve_instance(family, payload, seconds=6.0, threads=1)
wanted = Difficulty(difficulty)
if wanted == Difficulty.INFEASIBLE and gold.solution.status.value != "infeasible":
notes = (notes + " requested infeasible; solver found a plan so the row is hard.").strip()
wanted = Difficulty.HARD
structural = _key(
family.value,
split.value,
template_id,
problem_id,
json.dumps(payload, sort_keys=True, ensure_ascii=False),
wanted.value,
)
return ProblemRecord(
problem_id=problem_id,
family=family,
split=split,
interactive=problem_id in INTERACTIVE_IDS,
difficulty=wanted,
language=language,
template_id=template_id,
seed=seed,
prompt_en=prompt_en,
prompt_fa=prompt_fa,
prompt_json=_json_prompt(payload),
schema_payload=payload,
gold_status=gold.solution.status.value,
gold_objective=gold.solution.objective,
gold_bound=gold.solution.bound,
gold_solution=gold.solution.as_dict(),
structural_key=structural,
notes=notes,
)
def generate_catalog(seed: int = DEFAULT_SEED) -> list[ProblemRecord]:
problems: list[ProblemRecord] = []
for index in range(1, N_INVENTORY + 1):
rng = random.Random(seed * 1000 + index)
instance, difficulty = make_inventory(index, rng)
split = _split_for(index, N_INVENTORY)
template_id = _template(split, index)
language = "en" if index % 2 else "fa"
en, fa = render_inventory(instance, template_id, language)
problems.append(
_finalize(
f"INV-{index:03d}",
Family.INVENTORY,
index,
N_INVENTORY,
instance,
difficulty,
template_id,
language,
seed * 1000 + index,
en,
fa,
"lead time is 0; units are abstract currency and pieces",
)
)
for index in range(1, N_ASSIGNMENT + 1):
rng = random.Random(seed * 2000 + index)
instance, difficulty = make_assignment(index, rng)
split = _split_for(index, N_ASSIGNMENT)
template_id = _template(split, index)
language = "fa" if index % 2 else "en"
en, fa = render_assignment(instance, template_id)
problems.append(
_finalize(
f"ASN-{index:03d}",
Family.ASSIGNMENT,
index,
N_ASSIGNMENT,
instance,
difficulty,
template_id,
language,
seed * 2000 + index,
en,
fa,
"skill intersection is the eligibility rule",
)
)
for index in range(1, N_SCHEDULING + 1):
rng = random.Random(seed * 3000 + index)
instance, difficulty = make_schedule(index, rng)
split = _split_for(index, N_SCHEDULING)
template_id = _template(split, index)
language = "en" if index % 3 else "fa"
en, fa = render_schedule(instance, template_id)
problems.append(
_finalize(
f"SCH-{index:03d}",
Family.SCHEDULING,
index,
N_SCHEDULING,
instance,
difficulty,
template_id,
language,
seed * 3000 + index,
en,
fa,
"objective reported as weighted tardiness; makespan is a tie-break inside the solver only",
)
)
if len(problems) != N_PROBLEMS:
raise RuntimeError(f"expected {N_PROBLEMS} problems, got {len(problems)}")
return problems
def write_catalog(path: Path, seed: int = DEFAULT_SEED) -> list[ProblemRecord]:
problems = generate_catalog(seed)
path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
with path.open("w", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
for row in problems:
handle.write(row.model_dump_json() + "\n")
return problems
def load_catalog(path: Path | None = None) -> list[ProblemRecord]:
if path and path.exists():
rows = []
for line in path.read_text(encoding="utf-8").splitlines():
if line.strip():
rows.append(ProblemRecord.model_validate_json(line))
return rows
return generate_catalog()