|
Download README.md from BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel: direct link, hf CLI and curl.
- Browser
- Download file 11.7 kB
-
https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel/resolve/main/README.md
- Command line
-
hf download hf://datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel/README.md
-
curl -L -H "Authorization: Bearer $HF_TOKEN" -o README.md https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel/resolve/main/README.md
11.7 kB
| license: other | |
| task_categories: | |
| - text-generation | |
| - translation | |
| - text-classification | |
| - feature-extraction | |
| language: | |
| - ba | |
| - ru | |
| tags: | |
| - bashkir | |
| - russian | |
| - parallel-corpus | |
| - machine-translation | |
| - low-resource | |
| - turkic-languages | |
| - opus | |
| - nllb | |
| - til-mt | |
| pretty_name: Bashkir-Russian Parallel Corpus | |
| size_categories: | |
| - 1M<n<10M | |
| dataset_info: | |
| features: | |
| - name: rus | |
| dtype: string | |
| - name: bak | |
| dtype: string | |
| - name: static_sim | |
| dtype: float64 | |
| - name: length_rus | |
| dtype: int64 | |
| - name: length_bak | |
| dtype: int64 | |
| splits: | |
| - name: train | |
| num_bytes: 0 | |
| num_examples: 3040085 | |
| configs: | |
| - config_name: default | |
| data_files: | |
| - split: train | |
| path: data/train-* | |
| # Dataset Card for Bashkir-Russian Parallel Corpus | |
| ## Dataset Details | |
| ### Dataset Description | |
| **Bashkir-Russian Parallel Corpus** is a large-scale sentence-aligned parallel corpus for the Bashkir–Russian language pair, assembled from **authentic human-created translations**. It contains **3,040,085 unique parallel sentence pairs**, where each Bashkir sentence is aligned with its Russian counterpart. | |
| The corpus combines data from three open parallel corpora: **TIL-MT Corpus** (Turkic Interlingua), **NLLB (OPUS)**, and **Wikimedia (OPUS)**. All pairs were filtered by semantic similarity to remove misaligned and noisy entries, keeping only high-confidence translation pairs. Full duplicates were removed during compilation. | |
| It is designed to support NLP research and applications for Bashkir, a low-resource Turkic language. | |
| - **Curated by:** BashkirNLPWorld | |
| - **Language(s) (NLP):** Bashkir (`ba`), Russian (`ru`), Cyrillic script | |
| - **License:** `other` – see **Licensing** below. | |
| ### What BashkirNLPWorld contributed | |
| The BashkirNLPWorld team built this dataset end-to-end on top of open sources: | |
| - **Aggregation** of three independent parallel corpora into a single unified dataset. | |
| - **Field normalization** to a minimal two-column schema (`rus`, `bak`). | |
| - **Semantic filtering** using multilingual sentence embeddings (cosine similarity). | |
| - **Deduplication** by the key `(rus, bak)` — full duplicates removed, 0 duplicates in the final release. | |
| - **Noise filtering** — removal of identical strings and pairs with anomalous length ratios. | |
| - **Machine-readable packaging** as UTF-8 JSONL, ready for `datasets.load_dataset`. | |
| - **Documentation** of sources, filtering criteria, statistics, and dataset limitations. | |
| ### Dataset Sources | |
| - **Repository:** [https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel](https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel) | |
| - **Original sources:** | |
| - **TIL-MT Corpus** — Turkic Interlingua parallel corpus (ba–ru) | |
| - **NLLB (OPUS)** — NLLB ba–ru parallel corpus from opus.nlpl.eu | |
| - **Wikimedia (OPUS)** — Wikimedia ba–ru parallel corpus from opus.nlpl.eu | |
| - **Related datasets:** | |
| - [Bashkir Lexicon (Machine Fund)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-lexicon) | |
| - [Bashkir News Binary Classification](https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-news-binary) | |
| - [Bashkir News Multiclass Classification](https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-news-multiclass) | |
| - [Bashkir News Multilabel Classification](https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-news-multilabel) | |
| - [Bashkir Web Corpus](https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-web-corpus) | |
| ## Licensing | |
| - **Original sentence pairs** belong to their respective source corpora (**TIL-MT**, **NLLB/OPUS**, **Wikimedia/OPUS**) and their contributors. BashkirNLPWorld does not claim ownership of this content. | |
| - **The structured compilation, metadata, unified schema, deduplication, filtering, and documentation** created by BashkirNLPWorld are released under **CC BY-SA 4.0**. | |
| - Users are responsible for complying with applicable law and the licenses of the original sources when reusing the data. | |
| - Rights holders can request removal of specific entries by contacting the maintainers — we respond within 14 business days and remove disputed content in the next release. | |
| ## Uses | |
| ### Direct Use | |
| - Training and fine-tuning machine translation systems (Bashkir ↔ Russian) | |
| - Cross-lingual representation learning and multilingual model training | |
| - Linguistic research on Bashkir–Russian translation patterns | |
| - Evaluation of translation quality and semantic alignment | |
| - Data augmentation for low-resource Turkic NLP | |
| - Instruction tuning of generative LLMs for Bashkir | |
| ### Out-of-Scope Use | |
| - Re-licensing the original sentence pairs under a different license | |
| - Treating the dataset as a gold-standard translation reference without verification against the original sources | |
| - Any use that violates the rights of the original content creators | |
| ## Dataset Structure | |
| ### Data Fields | |
| | Field | Type | Description | Missing | | |
| |-------|------|-------------|---------| | |
| | `rus` | string | Russian sentence | 0% | | |
| | `bak` | string | Bashkir sentence | 0% | | |
| ### Data Splits | |
| The dataset contains a single split (`train`) with all **3,040,085** examples. Users are encouraged to create their own train/validation/test splits. | |
| ### Example Record | |
| ```json | |
| { | |
| "rus": "Будто надсмехаясь над ним, повстанцы оглядываются назад.", | |
| "bak": "Көлгән һымаҡ, артҡа әйләнеп ҡарайҙар." | |
| } | |
| ``` | |
| ## Dataset Statistics | |
| ### Overview | |
| | Metric | Records | % | | |
| |--------|--------:|---:| | |
| | Total records | 3,040,085 | 100.00% | | |
| | Unique `(rus, bak)` pairs | 3,040,085 | 100.00% | | |
| | Full duplicates | 0 | 0.00% | | |
| ### Semantic Similarity (`static_sim`) | |
| | Statistic | Value | | |
| |-----------|------:| | |
| | Count | 3,040,085 | | |
| | Min | 0.2500 | | |
| | Max | 1.0000 | | |
| | Mean | 0.6270 | | |
| | Median | 0.6393 | | |
| | Std Dev | 0.1923 | | |
| | p1 | 0.2614 | | |
| | p5 | 0.3031 | | |
| | p25 | 0.4708 | | |
| | p50 | 0.6393 | | |
| | p75 | 0.7887 | | |
| | p95 | 0.9130 | | |
| | p99 | 0.9708 | | |
| ### Russian Sentence Length (`length_rus`, characters) | |
| | Statistic | Value | | |
| |-----------|------:| | |
| | Count | 3,040,085 | | |
| | Min | 1 | | |
| | Max | 511 | | |
| | Mean | 84.65 | | |
| | Median | 66 | | |
| | Std Dev | 65.25 | | |
| | p1 | 12 | | |
| | p5 | 19 | | |
| | p25 | 39 | | |
| | p50 | 66 | | |
| | p75 | 109 | | |
| | p95 | 213 | | |
| | p99 | 329 | | |
| ### Bashkir Sentence Length (`length_bak`, characters) | |
| | Statistic | Value | | |
| |-----------|------:| | |
| | Count | 3,040,085 | | |
| | Min | 1 | | |
| | Max | 511 | | |
| | Mean | 84.79 | | |
| | Median | 68 | | |
| | Std Dev | 62.56 | | |
| | p1 | 12 | | |
| | p5 | 21 | | |
| | p25 | 43 | | |
| | p50 | 68 | | |
| | p75 | 107 | | |
| | p95 | 208 | | |
| | p99 | 320 | | |
| ### Russian Length Distribution (bins) | |
| | Range (chars) | Records | % | | |
| |---------------|--------:|---:| | |
| | 0–20 | 153,605 | 5.05% | | |
| | 20–40 | 612,774 | 20.16% | | |
| | 40–60 | 580,963 | 19.11% | | |
| | 60–80 | 459,889 | 15.13% | | |
| | 80–100 | 342,592 | 11.27% | | |
| | 100–150 | 489,456 | 16.10% | | |
| | 150–200 | 215,316 | 7.08% | | |
| | 200–300 | 140,162 | 4.61% | | |
| | 300–512 | 45,328 | 1.49% | | |
| ### Pairs by Semantic Similarity Threshold | |
| | Threshold | Remaining Pairs | % of total | | |
| |-----------|----------------:|-----------:| | |
| | `sim >= 0.25` | 3,040,085 | 100.00% | | |
| | `sim >= 0.5` | 2,162,120 | 71.12% | | |
| | `sim >= 0.6` | 1,713,096 | 56.35% | | |
| | `sim >= 0.7` | 1,219,305 | 40.11% | | |
| | `sim >= 0.8` | 698,411 | 22.97% | | |
| | `sim >= 0.9` | 198,125 | 6.52% | | |
| ## Dataset Creation | |
| ### Curation Rationale | |
| Bashkir is a low-resource Turkic language with limited parallel data. The goal was to consolidate the most reliable openly available Bashkir–Russian parallel corpora into a single clean, deduplicated, and filtered resource suitable for machine translation and linguistic research. | |
| ### Data Collection and Processing | |
| 1. Collected parallel data from three sources: | |
| - **TIL-MT Corpus** (Turkic Interlingua, ba–ru) | |
| - **NLLB (OPUS)** (ba–ru) | |
| - **Wikimedia (OPUS)** (ba–ru) | |
| 2. Normalized the schema to two fields: `rus`, `bak`. | |
| 3. Filtered by **semantic similarity** using multilingual sentence embeddings. | |
| 4. Removed pairs where `rus == bak` (non-translations, duplicated strings). | |
| 5. Removed pairs shorter than 5 characters. | |
| 6. Removed pairs with length ratio greater than 3 (anomalous alignment). | |
| 7. Deduplicated by `(rus, bak)`. | |
| 8. Saved as UTF-8 JSONL. | |
| **Tools:** Python 3, Hugging Face `datasets`, `sentence-transformers`. | |
| ### Source Data Producers | |
| The original sentence pairs were produced by the authors, compilers, and contributors of the **TIL-MT Corpus**, **NLLB**, and **Wikimedia** projects. BashkirNLPWorld is responsible for aggregation, filtering, deduplication, unified schema, metadata, and packaging. | |
| ### Annotations | |
| No manual annotations were added. All sentence pairs come from the original parallel corpora. | |
| ### Personal and Sensitive Information | |
| The dataset contains publicly available sentence pairs and does not intentionally include personally identifiable information. | |
| ## Bias, Risks, and Limitations | |
| - **Source imbalance:** the three sources contribute different volumes and domains; the corpus is not domain-balanced. | |
| - **Domain skew:** Wikimedia and NLLB data are skewed toward encyclopedic, religious, and technical texts. | |
| - **Length skew:** 44.3% of Russian sentences are shorter than 60 characters; long sentences (>300 chars) account for only 1.49%. | |
| - **Semantic similarity skew:** 28.9% of pairs have `static_sim < 0.5`, which may indicate loose or noisy translations. | |
| - **Residual noise:** despite semantic filtering, a small fraction of pairs may be imperfect translations (e.g., non-translated proper nouns such as "Любомир!" — "Любомир!"). | |
| - **No document context:** sentences are aligned out of their original document context. | |
| - **Source snapshot:** reflects the state of the upstream corpora at collection time. | |
| ### Recommendations | |
| - Account for semantic similarity distribution when training models — consider a higher threshold (`static_sim >= 0.6` or `>= 0.7`) for higher precision. | |
| - Balance domains or sources if training a domain-specific MT system. | |
| - Filter out pairs with identical Russian and Bashkir strings before training. | |
| - For commercial use, verify the license status of specific source components. | |
| - Report issues via the Hugging Face repository. | |
| ## Citation | |
| **BibTeX:** | |
| ```bibtex | |
| @dataset{bashkirnlpworld2026bashkirrussianparallel, | |
| author = {BashkirNLPWorld}, | |
| title = {Bashkir-Russian Parallel Corpus}, | |
| year = {2026}, | |
| publisher = {Hugging Face}, | |
| url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel} | |
| } | |
| ``` | |
| **APA:** | |
| BashkirNLPWorld. (2026). *Bashkir-Russian Parallel Corpus* [Data set]. Hugging Face. https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel | |
| ## Glossary | |
| - **Parallel corpus** – a collection of texts aligned across two or more languages at the sentence level. | |
| - **Sentence alignment** – the task of matching sentences across languages that are translations of each other. | |
| - **Semantic similarity (`static_sim`)** – cosine similarity between multilingual sentence embeddings, ranging from 0 to 1. | |
| - **OPUS** – an open collection of parallel corpora (opus.nlpl.eu). | |
| - **NLLB** – No Language Left Behind, a multilingual translation project by Meta AI. | |
| - **TIL-MT** – Turkic Interlingua Machine Translation, a project focused on Turkic languages. | |
| - **Low-resource language** – a language with limited digital resources and tools. | |
| ## Dataset Card Authors | |
| - BashkirNLPWorld | |
| ## Dataset Card Contact | |
| For questions, takedown requests, or collaboration, please open an issue: | |
| [https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel/discussions](https://huggingface.co/datasets/BashkirNLPWorld/bashkir-russian-parallel/discussions) |