A vision-language model read each image together with its QA and judged the item. The pass is not a filter that only removes rows — it rewrites answers it finds wrong but salvageable, drops what it cannot salvage, and adds QA where the image supports more than the source provided. Each row carries the judge's own record in clean_meta, including the cleaner identity, the policy it applied, and its per-item scores for legibility, richness and coverage.

A large share of the QA here was written by the cleaning pass, not by the original dataset. Across the pool that share runs from roughly half to over 80% of a family's turns, and it is reported in the table above. Those rows have an empty org_answer because no pre-clean original exists. Treat them as model-generated supervision: they were judged against the image, but they are not human annotation, and model-written QA is where formatting defects are most likely.

The effect on the answers that were carried over is substantive rather than cosmetic. In this pool the pass corrects values, not just wording — a curve's critical point restated from 4.00 to 2.00, a computed ratio from 1 to Approximately 1.33 — and for some families it removed the content entirely, which is why those families are absent here rather than published empty.

`answer` vs `org_answer`

answer — the cleaned answer. Train on this.
org_answer — the pre-cleaning answer from the same (image, question) in the uncleaned pool. It is empty for QA the cleaning pass added, which have no original.

Where the two differ, the difference is the correction. Keeping both makes every edit auditable instead of asking you to take the cleaning on trust.

Schema

image — HF Image(), renders directly in the dataset viewer
image_sha256 — content hash of the image
n_qa — number of turns attached to this image
qa — list of {question, answer, org_answer}, in source order
family / clean_meta — provenance and the judge's per-row record

A row with more than one entry in qa is a conversation over a single image, not a set of independent questions — the turns depend on each other and the image belongs to all of them. Keep them together and in order when training.

Parquet row groups are written at ~32 MB so the dataset viewer pages without stalling.

What is NOT claimed

No rejection sampling was run against this family: there is no accept/reject verdict per row, and answer is the cleaned reference rather than a model generation that a string verifier confirmed. For that, use the *_RS_think / *_rejected datasets in elliot-mllm.

Examples

10 rows taken straight from this dataset. Images are the original files as stored here - no downscaling, no recompression - and every turn is shown in full.

Example 1 — 8 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	What text labels the large desert in North Africa?	Sahara or Great Desert
2	What large island is located off the southeast coast of Africa?	Madagascar
3	What region is labeled in the Indian subcontinent?	HINDOSTAN
4	What cape is marked at the southern tip of Africa?	Cape of Good Hope
5	What body of water is labeled between Africa and Madagascar?	Mozambique Channel
6	What text is visible along the east coast of Africa, north of the channel?	ZANGUEBAR
7	What text is visible in the bottom center of the map, south of the equator?	BOROROS
8	What text is visible near the bottom right coast of Africa?	SOFALA

Example 2 — 10 turns on one image

#	question	answer (cleaned)	org_answer (pre-judge)
1	What text appears in the top-left area of the image?	F. C. Tucker BAP. CHURCH Culligan Welsh Est. W. Held CH. Hunt Gilmartin J. Mason Sharkey Jaggar Estate Post J. Maurice JAGGAR R. R. Co. AVE. Jaggar Estate Mrs. Heal Proposed Depot AVE S. B Fish R. Co. CO. MC Kenna CH H Hunt S.	F. C. Tucker BAP. CHURCH Culligan Welsh Est. W. Held CH. Hunt Gilmartin J. Masou Sharkey Jaggar Estate Post J. Maurice JAGGAR R. R. Co. AVE. Jaggar Estate Mrs. Heal Proposed Depot AVE S. B Fish R. Co. CO. MC Kenna CH H Hiunt S.
2	What text appears in the bottom-right area of the image?	Morris Franklin Fredrick N. Lawrence E. V. W. Rossiter ST. Jaggar Est. Jaggar Estate SANDFORD MAPLE Jaggar Estate	Morris Franklin Fredrick N. Lawrence Res. E. V. W. Rossiter ST. Jaggar Est. Jaggar Estate L. M. Franklin SANDFORD MAPLE Jaggar Estate
3	What text is shown in the top-right quadrant?	AVE. Jaggar Est. Jaggar Est. Onderdonk T. Wardell DIVISION C. Dupuy W. H. McCormack	AVE. Jaggar Est. Jaggar Est. Onderdonk T. Wardell DIVISION C. Dupuy H. MC. Cormack
4	What name is written just below 'Flood' in the lower-left area?	Mr. Conner	(unchanged)
5	What name is written above 'Flood' and below 'Kelly' in the lower-left area?	Fogerty	(unchanged)
6	What name is written on the far right edge of the map, running vertically?	W. H. McCormack	(unchanged)
7	What name appears below 'Sharkey' in the top-left section?	J. Mason	(unchanged)
8	What railroad abbreviation is visible near the bottom left, next to 'Bradford'?	N. & F. R.	(unchanged)
9	What name is written near 'Flood' and 'Mr. Conner' in the lower-left area?	Kelly	(unchanged)
10	What text is written near 'L.M. Franklin' in the lower center?	H. Clement Res.	(unchanged)

Example 3 — 5 turns on one image

#	question	answer (cleaned)	org_answer (pre-judge)
1	What text can you see in the top-right section?	Ferry Cannon Tompkins Sq. Sheriff Columbia Goerck Attorney Avenue B Mangin Pitt Ridge Willet Avenue D Street Lewis WARD Clinton Avenue C ELEVENTH WARD EAST	Ferry Cannon Tompkius Sq. Sheriff Columbia Goerck Attorney Avenue B Mangin Pitt Ridge Willet Avenue D Street Lewis WARD Clinton Avenue C ELEVENTH WARD EAST
2	What color is the vertical strip labeled 'THIRTEENTH WARD'?	Yellow	(unchanged)
3	What color is the area labeled 'ELEVENTH WARD'?	Red	(unchanged)
4	What text is visible in the green area near the top right, next to 'Avenue B'?	Tompkins Sq	(unchanged)
5	What street names are visible in the extreme bottom right corner?	Jackson, Skib	(unchanged)

Example 4 — 5 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	What are the three county names labeled in large capital letters across the map?	DAWES, BOX BUTTE, SCOTTS BLUFF
2	What numbered highways are marked in red on the map?	14, 34, 150
3	What text appears near the bottom left corner indicating a national monument?	SCOTTS-BLUFF NAT. MON.
4	Name the lakes visible in the bottom right section of the map.	Wild Goose Lake, Swan Lake, Beaver Lake, Long Lake
5	What major river flows horizontally across the middle of the map?	Niobrara

Example 5 — 7 turns on one image

#	question	answer (cleaned)	org_answer (pre-judge)
1	What text is shown in the bottom-left quadrant?	SANTA WASHINGTON PARK DEL REY VENICE BICYCLE FINISH VENICE PICO BLVD. MONICA SEGUNDO	(unchanged)
2	What text can you see in the top-left section?	RANCH, MONICA BLVD, SAN VINCENTE BLVD., RIVIERA CO. CLUB, WILSHIRE BLVD., RANCH, WEST, GIRARD	RANCH MONICA BLVD SAN VINCENTE BLVD. RIVIERA CO. CLUB VILSHIRE BLVD. RANCH WEST GIRARD
3	What text is visible in the upper-right corner?	LOS ANGELES CULVER CITY U. C. L. A. OLYMPIC VILLAGE BEVERLY BLVD.	(unchanged)
4	What text is on the banners in the top left area, excluding 'RIVIERA CO. CLUB'?	START, ROGERS RANCH, FTER'S RANCH	(unchanged)
5	What text is on the banner in the lower right area?	MARATHON COURSE	(unchanged)
6	What text is visible on the right edge and bottom right corner?	WASHINGT, FLOREN, SIDE-BLVD., TORRANC	(unchanged)
7	What text is visible near the top left, below 'START'?	ASAS	(unchanged)

Example 6 — 5 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	What is the name of the village located in the center of the map?	Silk Willoughby
2	What is the name of the parish labeled in the lower central part of the map?	Aswarby and Swarby
3	What railway line is labeled running along the right side of the map?	L. & N. E. R. Essendine & Sleaford
4	What is the name of the stream running vertically in the lower right quadrant?	South Beck
5	What is the name of the town at the top center of the map?	Sleaford

Example 7 — 10 turns on one image

#	question	answer (cleaned)	org_answer (pre-judge)
1	What text is visible in the upper-right corner?	GILLIAM, Powder River, Pendleton, MORROW, GRANT, Canyon City, Heppner, Burnt River, La Grande, L1a, RIVER, WALLA WALLA, Grande River, L3a, UMATILLA, L3a, Ss, Walla, L5a, L5b, Ss, Walla, Umatilla River, Baker, Ss, UNION, L4a, WHEELER.	GILLIAM Powder Pendleton MORROW GRANT Canyon River Heppner Burnt Grande L1a RIVER WALLA Grande River L3a La UMATILAA L3a Ss Walla L5a L5b L5b Ss Walla Matilla River Baker Ss UNION L4a WHEELER
2	What text can you see in the top-left section?	Goldendale, River, Prineville, Condon, John Day River, Deschutes, Oregon City, Madras, Bend, MULTNOMAH, River, L5a, CLACKAMAS, L6c, RIVER, Hood River, Moro, CROOK, HOOD, The Dalles, River, WASCO, JEFFERSON, L3a, PORTLAND, Oregon, SHERMAN, L5a, R, Fossil.	Galdendale River Prineville Condon John Deschutes City Madras Bend MULTNOMAH River L5a CLACKAMAS L6c RIVER Hood River Moro CROOK HOOD The L5a Day Dalles River WASCO JEFFERSON L3a PORTLAND Oregon SHERRMAN L5a R Fossil
3	What text is shown in the bottom-right quadrant?	Silvies River, Malheur River, Willow Creek, Burns, Malheur Lake, River, Owyhee River, Jordan River, Harney County, Vale, Silver Creek, MALHEUR (County), HARNEY (County).	Silvies Malheur Willow Burns Lake River River Owyhee R Jordan Harney Vale R Creek Silver Malheur MALHEUR Cr S L City HARNEY
4	What large word is spelled out in spaced-out capital letters across the center of the map?	OREGON (specifically the letters REGON are clearly visible across Deschutes, Crook, Wheeler, Grant, and Malheur counties).	(unchanged)
5	Which river flows north through the center of the map, passing near the towns of Fossil and Condon?	John Day River	(unchanged)
6	What two lakes are visible in the bottom-left area, south of the Deschutes county line?	Summer Lake and Lake Abert	(unchanged)
7	What city is located in the bottom-left corner near the Klamath River?	Klamath Falls	(unchanged)
8	Which county contains the city of Bend?	Deschutes	(unchanged)
9	What river flows through the city of Baker?	Powder River	(unchanged)
10	Which county is in the far right, containing the city of Vale?	Malheur	(unchanged)

Example 8 — 10 turns on one image

#	question	answer (cleaned)	org_answer (pre-judge)
1	What text can you see in the bottom-left section?	PARK ROAD EMPRESS NORTHBROOK ALDERS BROOK SELBORNE ROAD WESTBURY R. RIVER RODING ALDERSBROOK Ilford Golf Course Water Works BELGRAVE GORDON RD. AV. ARGYLE Ilford Bridge	PARK ROAD EMPRESS NORTHBROOK ALDERS BROOK SELBORNE ROAD WESTBURY R. RIVER RODING ALDERSBROOK Golf Course Water Works BELGRAVE GORDON RD. AV. ARGYLE Ilford B
2	What text can you see in the top-left section?	WANSTEAD CAVENDISH GS REDCLIFFE GDS. Highland Farm LENNOX GS. BELGRAVE ROAD VAUGHAN SACKVILLE GARDENS SEYMOUR GARDENS KENSINGTON GDS. COURTLAND AVENUE AVENUE STANHOPE GDS. COWLEY ROAD HIGHLANDS GARDENS DE VERE GARDENS ENDSLEIGH GDS. CLARENDON GARDENS ARLINGTON GDS. RANELAGH GDS. BEAUFORT GS ROAD BETHELL THE DRIVE MAYFAIR AVENUE HOLCOMBE ROAD THE SQ.	WANSTEAD CAVENDISH GS REDCLIFFE GDS. Farm LENNOX GS. BELGRAVE ROAD VAUGHAN SACKVILLE GARDENS SEYMOUR GARDENS KENSINGTON GDS. COURTLAND AVENUE AVENUE STANHOPE GDS. COWLEY ROAD HIGHLANDS GARDENS DE GARDENS ENDSLEIGH GDS. CLARENDON GARDENS ARLINGTON GDS. RANELAGH GDS. BEAUFORT GS ROAD BETHELL THE DRIVE MAYFAIR AVENUE HOLCOMBE ROAD THE SQ.
3	What color is the area labeled 'Valentines Park'?	Green	(unchanged)
4	What color is the body of water labeled 'The Lake'?	Blue	(unchanged)
5	What color are the major roads such as 'Roman Road'?	Yellow	(unchanged)
6	What is the purple building labeled near the railway?	Water Works	(unchanged)
7	What text is visible on the bridge crossing the river near the bottom center?	Ilford Bridge	(unchanged)
8	What text is visible in the top left corner near the building symbol?	Highland Farm	(unchanged)
9	What is the full name of the road labeled 'DE GARDENS' in the existing answer?	De Vere Gardens	(unchanged)
10	What road runs vertically near the center, labeled 'SEAL ROAD'?	Seal Road	(unchanged)

Example 9 — 5 turns on one image

#	question	answer
1	What numbers are visible on the right-hand margin of the map?	10, 5
2	What text is visible in the top-right quadrant, specifically around the regions of Aweah and Bedee?	AWEAH, BEDEE, Kabshary, R. Yeon, Yeon, Kouka, Angernow, Old Bornou, New Bornou, Affagay, Sansan, Katagoom, R. Shashum, Hadeiga, Bedkekariee, Salt Lakes, Lari, Woodie, SHINA, BOBYRA, Mora, Mana, Mendefy Hills, Karowa, Masfeia, R. Shary
3	What text is visible in the bottom-left quadrant, including the regions of Waree and Benin?	WAREE, Benin, New Town, Waree, Lake, Eboe, Tom Shot Pond, Andeny Town, Nw. Calabar, R. St. Bartholomew, Fernando Po Island, Southend, Gato, Benin or Formosa R., R. Quorra, Old Calebar, R. Rio del Rey, Chaki, Fudeboo, Ladoolie, Kiama, R. Oli, Tshow, Raka
4	What text is visible in the bottom-right quadrant, including the regions of Adamowa and Biafra?	ADAMOWA, Adamowa, Jacoba, JACOBA, BIAFRA, CALBONGOS, Rumby M., Cameroon M., Borea, Mungo Cr., Town, Borea R., R. Shary
5	What text is visible in the top-left quadrant, including the annotations about Clapperton and Park?	Gotoÿege, Soccatoo, Here Captn Clapperton died, Carmasse, Ladoolie, Eyeo or Katunga, Kiama, R. Moussa, R. or supposed, GOOBER, ADER, Kalawawa, Zirmie, Kashna, Kano, Tagama, Samina Cora, Tassowo, Sackwa, Gubbie, Gourmon, Fellatas, Youri, Wawa, Tabra, Womba, Guari, NYFFE, Boussa, BOUSSA, Here Mr. Park was wrecked

Example 10 — 8 turns on one image

#	question	answer (cleaned)	org_answer (pre-judge)
1	What text appears in the top-right area of the image?	River Nasliednika, Sakmarsk, River Aktuba, River Kobda, Orsk, Mt. Kisylck, Ilezk, 4, Urtasymsk, Ilek, Tanaliskaja, 5, 50°, Ilinskaja, Tabinsk, Ural, Bugultchan, Krasnogorskaj, Orenburg	RIVER River Nasliednika Sakmarsk River River Aktuba River Kobda Orsk Mt. Kisylck Ilezk 4 Urtasymsk Ilek Tanaliskaja 5 50⁰ Ilinskaja Tabinsk Ural Bugultchan Krasnogorskaj Orenburg
2	What text is visible in the upper-left corner?	Gorodistch Saratov Sviashsk Kusnetzk Bogoroslan Atkarsk Stavropol Bugulma Bielebei Samara River Syzran Buzuluk Sergievsk Pedrovsk River Borla Samara Urbach Tetiushi Singilei Uralsk Kama Karsun Simbirsk River Jerschow River Andrejewka URAL Nikolaievsk River Pomary Bulnsk Aiatyr Augustowka Gorodok Khvalinsk Volsk Laischev Tchistopol Sterlitamak Uzen Alexandrovka	(unchanged)
3	What text can you see in the bottom-left section?	Steppes Panitzkaia Volga Tsaritsyn Manych Inderskaia Kamischin Marsh Yenotaievsk Selitrianoie Torgovaia Tchernoi Khaki Volga River Lake Great Tolovai Depression Krasnol Lake R. Salt Iar Little R. Samara RIVER Dubovka Lakes Zarevka Uzen HILLS Bogdo HILLS Elton River SAND SARPA Iar Medwieditza Mt. Manych Uzen Astrakhan Kamish Kirghiz Mergenevskoi URAL Kalplnskoi SAND Mouths of the Volga HILLS	(unchanged)
4	What text is written vertically along the bottom edge of the map?	CASPIAN	(unchanged)
5	What large decorative letters appear in the top-left, top-right, and bottom-right corners?	S, I, and A	(unchanged)
6	What is the full name of the steppe region labeled in the lower center?	Kirghiz Steppes	(unchanged)
7	What major river is labeled vertically in the center of the map?	Ural River	(unchanged)
8	What major river is labeled vertically along the left side of the map?	Volga	(unchanged)

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maptext_cleaned

How this was cleaned

answer vs org_answer