Datasets:
Tasks:
Text Retrieval
Modalities:
Text
Formats:
parquet
Sub-tasks:
document-retrieval
Languages:
English
Size:
10K - 100K
License:
id stringlengths 1 6 | title stringlengths 15 150 | text stringlengths 18 6.44k |
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1 | When do I use "can" or "could"? | When should I use _can_? When should I use _could_? What is right under what context? |
100001 | Which phrase is more natural to a native speaker? | "The underlying notions of the problem" or "The problem underlying notions"? Please consider the brevity principle too. |
100013 | "To consolidate cost" | Is it correct to use the expression "consolidate cost" when you add cost figures in a specific period of time? The context is a description of what a piece of code is doing: > consolidate cost over several periods I've found the following definition of _consolidate_ : > to bring together (separate parts) into a single ... |
100014 | "Chance of [gerund]" vs. "chance at [gerund]" | Which is correct? > * If you tell me the cause, I will have a better chance **at** fixing the > problem. > * If you tell me the cause, I will have a better chance **of** fixing the > problem. > A quick Google search for the two phrases returns a nearly equal number of results. So, perhaps both are correct. However,... |
100016 | "Proxime" vs. "proximate" | When should _proxime_ and _proximate_ be used? Can they be used both to mean _spatial_ as well as _temporal_ nearness? Are they being used differently in British and American English? |
100021 | "Winter sales" vs. "winter discounts" vs. "winter offers" | We have a service, and we provide season discounts at this time of the year. Which of the following is the most preferable? > * The winter sales started at "Company X"! > * The winter discounts started at "Company X"! > * The winter offers started at "Company X"! > |
100025 | Using the word "deadbeat" as an adjective | BBC quotes President Obama: > America is "not a deadbeat nation", US President Barack Obama has said, as > he warned Republicans unconditionally to approve a rise in the US debt > ceiling. It appears to me that _deadbeat_ in this context is an adjective. The definition of deadbeat lists it solely as a noun. Has Preside... |
100035 | Usage of "against" in "progress against our strategic objectives" | I have one more question concerning Lucy Kellaway’s 2012 Golden flannel Award . The another contender of the Preposition Award was a usage of _against_. > The first was shown to advantage recently in a statement from Lloyds: “We > have made substantial progress against our strategic objectives”, which > suggests the ba... |
100044 | How should an English speaker pronounce "vice versa"? | When using _vice versa_ in spoken English, I tend to just completely Anglicise it and pronounce it _vise VER-ser_ , with only one syllable in _vice_. The original would be something like _VEE-cay VER-sa_ , but I often hear people use a hybrid pronunciation more like _VY-ser VER-ser_ , with two syllables in each word. W... |
100053 | Meaning of "ant-industry" | In the English translation of Oswald Spengler's _Decline of the West_ that I'm reading, they use the word _ant-industry_. I tried to google it and also used online dictionaries but found no answer to the meaning of this word. I'm guessing it is some kind of composite but something like _anti industry_ doesn't really ma... |
100055 | Difference between "hypotyposis", "ekphrasis" and "iconotext" | What is the difference between _hypotyposis_ , _ekphrasis_ and _iconotext_? |
100058 | Meaning of "strike dread" | What is the meaning of the phrase _strike dread_? I've encountered it many times. |
10006 | Why does "The Punisher" get an article in his name and "Spiderman" doesn't? | Why not > Punisher vs. The Spider-man ? Is the word "the" used however we feel like? Could I call them "Punisher" and "The Spider-man"? |
100061 | What's the origin of the phrase "God's clean earth", and how long has it been around? | > "It isn't every day a man wakes up to discover he's a screaming bender with > no more right to live on God's clean Earth than a weasel." > > \- Dr. Leech, "Blackadder II" What's the origin of that phrase, _God's clean earth_ , and how long has it been in use? Google NGrams gives me nothing. EDIT: Given it really does... |
100064 | Does the letter i serve as a consonant in words like "onion" and "view"? | Some more words: _union, behavior, Daniel_. And the second _i_ in _opinion, familiar, brilliant, California_. I am especially concerned with American English. |
100065 | How to describe students who don't study hard | I want to describe a situation here: > The students who study hard usually get better grade, but in contrast the > students who didn't study hard usually get poor grade. However, I don't want to use "the students who didn't study hard" to depict the other students.(Because lots of vocabularies repeat again.) Any altern... |
100066 | How should I understand "the idea" in this sentence? | The following is an excerpt from a GRE Verbal exercise: > The hypothesis of an expanding Earth has never attracted notable support, > and if it were not for the historical example of continental drift, such > indifference might be a legitimate response to an apparently improbable > concept. _It should be remembered, ho... |
100079 | Is there a difference between "ascendants" and "ancestors"? | Without noticing myself, I've mixed the use of "ascendants" and "ancestors" in some documentation I've written. In an arbitrary hierarchy (of either people or _things_ ), what would be the most correct term to use, to describe my parent(s) parent(s) parent(s), etc.? That is, _descendants_ would be my children, their ch... |
100083 | What is the origin of "-ix" as a feminine variation? | Some words are made feminine by altering the suffix to be _-ix_. Examples: * _dominator → dominatrix_ * _executor → executrix_ * _rector → rectrix_ What is the origin of this variation? From my 5 years of Spanish, and what little I know of Italian/French, it doesn't seem to me to be from the Romance languages... |
100085 | Are "skill set" and "skill sets" both acceptable? | Are the phrases _skill set_ and _skill sets_ both correct? As I see it, _set_ implies a single set of related skills whereas _sets_ can be taken to mean multiple sets of skills around different concentrations. Thoughts? |
10009 | What does ‘ticket to oblivion’ mean? Is this a frequently used phrase? | I found a phrase – ‘Ticket to Oblivion’ in today’s Washington Post article titled ‘State of the Union ‘response’ often a mixed-blessing for the responder.’ I understand this phrase refers to difficulty of making ‘Response addresses,’ which tend to be (or destined to be) outshone by State of Union well-prepared in advan... |
100090 | What does "principle" mean here? | What's the meaning of _principle_ in this definition of _soul_ from Dictionary.com as in _body and soul_? > the principle of life, feeling, thought, and action in humans, regarded as a > distinct entity separate from the body, and commonly held to be separable in > existence from the body; the spiritual part of humans ... |
100093 | Minimum amount of time a job needs to wait before executing again | I am looking for a single word or a phrase for the minimum amount of time a job or task needs to wait before executing again. |
100094 | What is the meaning of the name Zacharias Mulletstein? | I saw the name Zacharias Mulletstein in a newsgroup and thought "what a peculiar yet interesting name." When I mentioned this name to a friend (because the post by this fella was amusing) they said "Oh come now. That person really needs to get a better name." So I'm wondering, what is the meaning of this name? I couldn... |
100097 | What is the origin of the word "conk"? | Is it obsolete to use this word? Where does it come from? I couldn't find the origin of this term. Can I use the phrase "The machine conked out" or should I replace _conked out_ with something else? |
100099 | What is the difference between "dichotomous", "binary", "boolean", etc.? | To classify species we use a method called: dichotomous biological key. It works base on true and false cycles. In computer sciences true and fulse working is called boolean and binary is a 0 and 1 system (which is like true and false). What is the difference between them? Can I use term "Binary biological key"? Are th... |
10010 | What is the correct usage of “vis-à-vis”? | I hear people use the term _vis-à-vis_ all the time in place of what I believe should more correctly be _for example_ or _that is_. What is the most generally accepted correct and appropriate use of _vis-à-vis_ , and what are its origins? |
100109 | Another way to say: "Evidences that show that..." | I need to write something similar to this: > Evidences that show that this method is both safe and provides clinical > benefits support its recommendation. I would like to say it without using "show". I had "Evidence **of that** this method...." written, but I think that it's incorrect. Which would be the correct way t... |
100119 | Is this 'neither' a determiner? | > However, this mirror will give us **neither** knowledge **or** truth. (Harry > Potter book 1, p213) > > However, this mirror will give us **neither** knowledge **nor** truth. As I’m accustomed to ‘neither~nor’ phrase, ‘neither~or’ above is unfamiliar. Is the ‘neither’ in the first sentence a determiner? And when the ... |
100123 | Iambic Tetrameter? | > God and my right shall me defend. I have said this motto a fair few times in my head a number of times and it seems as though iambic tetrameter is the meter that fits best The way I see it is, god AND my RIGHT shall ME deFEND x / x / x / x / I was wonderin... |
100129 | "Go shut the door" or "Go and shut the door": AmE/BrE difference | The usage you put the verb (in its infinitive form) right after "go" is used in AmE but not in BrE, as I heard. For example, > Go shut the door. However, I doubt this is true and want to know the truth. I know it may very well depend on the speaker's age/gender etc. and am not expecting one-or-the-other answers. This q... |
100135 | How to say the opposite of "check" (for lists)? | Suppose you enumerate points of some list, adding "check" after each one. How to speak about the reverse of a "check" (i.e. omission or an opposite for the item)? Like if you have: * Big scary horns ☑ * 180° mounth ☑ * 50-cm claws ☑ * Predatory glare ☒ and say > Look there! Such a beast: big scary horns — check... |
100136 | Present simple vs. present perfect | I'm doing a key word transformation and I've come to this sentence: > There aren't any eggs left. > "We **___ __ ___** eggs". I should complete the sentence with 2–5 words using the word "run". At first I thought of > We run out of eggs. but could I use present simple here if it's not a repeated event? Should I use ... |
100142 | Word to describe a company's brand, products and services | I'm trying to find a word or phrase that sums up a company's brand, products and services. I'm thinking something along the lines of "company initiatives," but that doesn't seem to sum up the three. |
100147 | What pronunciation does Google dictionary use? | I generally use the "define" Google search tool to find what a word means, and how it should be pronounced correctly. Unlike websites like thefreedictionary.com, Google doesn't tell you what pronunciation it's using. I'd like to learn the British pronunciation, rather than the American one (or at least be aware of whic... |
10015 | What is the difference between engagement and promise? | If I have a previous appointment, what can I say instead of appointment? Previous engagement? Promise? And I wonder exactly what they both mean. (I thought they were similar.) |
100150 | Is it unidiomatic to say "an Australian person" or "an Aussie person"? | As mentioned in For people, can you say "a British" like you can say "an Australian"?, you can use "an Australian" to talk about an Australian person. But is it also ok to use "an Australian person"? If not, is it merely too verbose, or does adding "person" make the language seem more cold and impersonal? What about "a... |
100155 | Is there an English idiom “in threes and fives” to describe arriving, gathering, or leaving of people in a pair, trio, or group in succession? | We say ‘san-san-go-go – 三三五五’ in Japanese to describe the status of people coming, arriving, gathering, going, or leaving in a pair, trio, or group in succession in such a way, People gathered in the square ‘san-san-go-go.’ ‘San’ means three in Japanese. ‘Go’ means five, and ‘san-san-go- go’ is used adverbially. I know... |
100163 | Can we say "the problem's"? | > **Possible Duplicate:** > Is using the possessive 's correct in “the car’s antenna”? Can we add apostrophe S, **'s** , to a word for an inanimate object as in the phrase > the problem's underlying assumptions to denote possession? Would it be natural and grammatically correct? |
100166 | The name of an honest woman | Could someone clarify the meaning of the following proverb? > The name of an honest woman is mickle worth. (the entry in the _Oxford Dictionary of English Proverbs_ is not very helpful) |
100171 | "Did you wash your hands?" or "Have you washed your hands?" and why? | > **Possible Duplicate:** > How do the tenses in English correspond temporally to one another? > When do I use present perfect tense instead of the simple past? > When will “Present Perfect vs. Past Tense” cases be affected by culture? > “Did you find” versus “have you found” The first sentence hasn't speci... |
100179 | Grammaticality of "by the bus" when the bus is the only choice | Can the expression "by the bus" be used to specify how I go home when it is the only method to be used? |
10018 | What does "to smack of one of your gags" mean? | Here is the full sentence: > This whole story is starting to smack of one of your gags. |
100184 | Do Americans use the term "garburator" or is there a better equivalent? | Is it obsolete to use the term _garburator_ to refer to a garbage disposal unit in a kitchen? If it is, do we have a better term to replace it with? Also, what is the etymology of this word? |
100188 | What do you call that person who needs other people to be dependent upon? | There are always these people who are weak and insecure and always looking for people to be dependent on for their security. They never have say in their group and meekly agree to what other is doing even if they don't like it. |
100190 | A term to describe "thinking something bad is good" | Let's say someone has an idea that he/she thinks is really good, but in reality it is actually not a very good idea. How can I describe this kind of mentality? |
100191 | Meaning of "the couple that boops noses together in between makeout sessions and sweet nothings" | This is a sentence I've come across while reading 7 Things About Love That Make No Sense > If you’re the couple that just stands on the sidewalk for extended periods > of time and boops noses together in between makeout sessions and sweet > nothings, you deserve to get breadcrumbs thrown at you. Is a metaphor or some r... |
100197 | Why is "writing" spelled with only one T? | > **Possible Duplicate:** > Is there any rhyme or reason to when one should double the last consonant > when adding -ed or -ing? It has always been a word that intuitively I wish to spell with two Ts. So does anyone know why it's not _writting_? Could it just be that the T is harder when said in a continuous tense w... |
10020 | Definite article before schools, colleges, and universities | Is _the_ always used before the name of a school, college, or university? |
100201 | Is it correct to say "It was not happened"? | Is it correct to say "It was not happened"? I have heard people saying "It was not happening" or "It didn't happen" but "It was not happened" is new to me. |
100204 | "I said I would/will go" — which one is correct? | > **Possible Duplicate:** > Usage of “will” and “would” > * I said I will go. > * I said I would go. > Which one is correct? |
100206 | alternatives for "leveraging" | Some people frown upon the use of "leveraging" in formal writing. What would be a good alternative to the expression: > We will be able to investigate X **leveraging** from the knowledge of Y. None of the entries in thesaurus seem to neatly apply to the case. Any ideas? |
100208 | Meaning of "Blunt instrument" | I am having difficulties trying to understand this sentence: > In some respects, Courses of Action are the more basic of the two. In and of > themselves, however, Courses of Action tend to be rather **blunt > instruments**. In Merrian Webster, blunt is: _slow, deficient in feeling; obtuse in understanding; abrupt in ma... |
10021 | Is the correct usage of “Diagnose (verb)” losing its ground? | In spite of many references on the correct usage of _”Diagnose”_ , usage of passive construction followed by a with-phrase – e.g. “ _The patient was diagnosed with cancer_ ” — and usage of patient as object of this verb –e.g. “ _She helped with his story to raise awareness about Chiari, especially so doctor could diagn... |
100210 | Why do photons and protons exhibit such anomalous behavior? | I first noticed in this answer that there is something sneaky going on with the word _photon_ : its ‹t› is the **stressed allophone** of `/t/`, a fully **aspirated** `[tʰ]`. It does not reduce to `[t]` or `[ɾ]` the way it does in words like _voting_. Other words with the same issue include _proton_ and _lepton_. The on... |
100218 | "To shoot out of cannon into sparrows" | In Russian we have idiom/saying "To shoot out of cannon into sparrows" (literal translation) which is used to convey an idea of applying too drastic measures to small problems. I believe there should be some native-English equivalents to this saying. Can you share if there are any? |
100221 | "I did it by myself" vs "I did it myself" | > **Possible Duplicate:** > Myself vs by myself "I did it by myself" and "I did it myself"; what's the exact and subtle difference between the two? |
100231 | very specific tense aspect configuration | I recently tried to translate a German sentence to English and I failed. I won't give you the German version but rather the background configuration of it. Two people talk about an event that has happened in the past. They do not know how exactly it happened though, let's say there are 2 options how it could have gone ... |
100240 | What is the difference between "vocabulary" and "word"? | Why does my English teacher usually point out my mistake when I wrote the following sentence? * I learned a lot of new vocabulary. -> I learned a lot of new vocabulary words. Why do I have to put the word "words" after the word "vocabulary"? and what is the difference between them? How to use them correctly? |
100241 | Can we call something a "word" if it doesn't have a vowel? | It seems self-evident to me, but in the heat of a Scrabble game (no surprise), my opponent claimed that "sh" was a word. I think it's a diphthong, but the printed dictionary definition of "word" didn't resolve the issue. I know that Scrabble-related questions on this site are generally regarded as _infra dig_ , but the... |
100242 | Words based on the names of gods | While the word christen means "to baptise" or "to make Christian", in another sense, it has shed its religious connotations to simply mean "to name" or even "use for the first time". Is there any other word which is based on the **name** (or epithet) of a _god_ or _prophet_ , (or possibly some other _significant_ relig... |
100246 | Need a word that describes a biweekly publication | Our company publishes an internal e-newsletter that we call the <Title> Weekly. We're now going to publish every other week, so the title needs to be changed. The first solution that came to mind was <Title> Biweekly, but a few questions on this site have pointed out that "biweekly" is a troublesome word, and we didn't... |
100253 | Equivalent for Dutch commode? | In Holland we use _commode_ to indicate a dressing table or lowboy specifically for changing diapers and dressing a baby:  The commode is usually ditched after the babies have grown out the diapers. I can't imagine this piece of furniture being absent in the English speakin... |
100257 | Hyphenation and capitalization of "Great-Uncle" when signing books to my nephew's son | When _great-uncle_ is used as a common noun, the hyphen and lack of caps make sense. However, when I sign a book to my nephew, is it _Great-Uncle Don, Great-uncle Don_ , or perhaps _Great Uncle Don_? |
10026 | Is the expression "may or may not" semantically void? | I personally have a hard time accepting the use of "may or may not." To me, it seems as if "may" and "may not" effectively cancel each other out, so the semantics of the sentence in which it appears are no clearer: > I may go to bed early tonight. This seems to indicate that it is likely I will not go to bed early toni... |
100262 | Using "reachable" instead of "available" | Is it possible to use _reachable_ as a replacement for _available_? I noticed that some dictionaries don't have the former term in their database. Is there any origin for this word? |
10027 | Question directed to someone or at someone? | > That question was directed at Sasha OR > That question was directed to Sasha what is the difference? |
100270 | Differing pronunciations of "divisive" | I've always pronounced it `dɪˈvaɪsɪv` (rhymes with _incisive_ ). Today at his press conference, President Obama pronounced it `dɪˈvɪsɪv` (rhymes with _dismissive_ ). I've heard the latter pronunciation off and on. To me, it always sounded like a hyper-correction. I'm wondering now if there are regional variations? AmE ... |
100276 | An or a in given sentence scenario | > **Possible Duplicate:** > When should I use “a” vs “an”? Sorry I couldn't think of a better title, but I don't know how to explain my problem using terminology. I have this sentence: "Aside from that I'm **an** Irish Setter loving, Frank Turner junkie." I understand you should use the word "an" over "a" when the f... |
100282 | "Continuing" vs. "continued" | So, just a few minutes ago we had this question asking whether one could substitute _ongoing availability_ with _continuing availability_ and what the difference would be, if any. Apart from the question looking like spam and being deleted, my gut feeling told me it should've been _continued availability_ instead of _c... |
100285 | What is the difference between "section" and "part"? | What is the difference between "section" and "part"? The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English says for "section": > one of the parts that something such as an object or place is divided into and says for "part": > a piece or feature of something such as an object, area, event, or period of > time I know that "sec... |
100287 | "Repairable" vs. "reparable" vs. "irreparable" vs. "unrepairable" | I've been looking online at these three words, but I'm not able to determine their relationship and the rules surrounding their usage. I believe this is true: * _Repairable_ : Just what you'd think, "capable of being repaired". * _Reparable_ : Exactly the same as _repairable_ (modulo spelling and pronunciation of c... |
100289 | "The proverbial wedding ring"? | In old books, I keep coming accross the saying, > ...is so transparent it could pass through the proverbial wedding ring. What does this mean? |
100294 | "Regards" vs. "Best regards" vs. "With regards" | Which of the three phrases in the concluding phrase is most appropriate when sending a work-related email? Could the three be ranked in terms of their overall level of formality? |
100296 | Which preposition to use with "rename"? | Which is the correct preposition to use with _rename_? 1. rename **to** 2. rename **as** 3. rename **by** |
100299 | Can you use two "and"s in a sentence? | For example, > I like chocolate, vanilla, and lemon and orange ice cream. Indicating "lemon and orange" is a combined flavor, as an item in the list needing an initial _and_. |
100307 | Is there a word to describe what someone is worth, economically? | Is there a word that describes what someone is worth, economically? For example, if Joe has gone to school for five years and has a bachelor's degree in Computer Science, there is a certain minimum value on him. He can easily make more than $15/hour, so that would mean that he is minimally worth $15/hour. |
100310 | Is "farth" a word in any language? | Due to a misreading, a group including myself have searched for the definition of the word "farth" and come up with nothing. We now know that the original text did not actually use this word, but the word still strikes us as feeling eerily familiar and somehow fitting of the context in which is was found - a geographic... |
100319 | Why is 'allopathy' not an accepted synonym for 'mainstream medicine'? | According to Wikipedia, > Allopathic medicine and _allopathy_ (from the Greek prefix ἄλλος, állos, > "other", "different" + the suffix πάϑος, páthos, "suffering") are terms > coined in the early 19th century by Samuel Hahnemann,the founder of > homeopathy, as a synonym for mainstream medicine. > > Never accepted as a m... |
100324 | What is a common English expression for when you were very tired or out of it and said something extremely stupid? | I kept thinking of "spazzing out" but that doesn't quite seem to be it. An example is when you're very tired and kind of dozing off and you say something or ask a question that is incredibly stupid and makes no sense. |
100326 | "Countries List" or "Country List"? | > **Duplicate of:** > “User accounts” or “users account” > “Employee list” or “employees list” > Should a list of tokens be called a “token list” or a “tokens list” > “BookList” or “booksList?” > Is it correct to say “lesson count” or “lessons count”? > "Thing count" or "things count" > And others ... |
100330 | What is the origin of the phrase "Life is too short to ..."? | As the title says, what is the origin of the phrase "Life is too short to ..." used with things conventionally expected, but which you do not want to do? Example: Life is too short to find a pair of matching socks. |
100339 | Single word for one-sided friendship | I am looking for a single word to describe a one-sided friendship. |
100340 | Is it correct to mix past, present and future tense in a sentence? | Is it correct to mix past, present and future tense in a sentence? Is the following sentence correct: > Ask yourself continually, “If I was not doing this already, knowing what I > now know, would I get into it again today?” Is there any other way to re-write the above sentence implying the same meaning? |
100342 | More specific antonym to "lodger" than "landlord" | You can distinguish between someone who's paying for a room and paying for an apartment or house with lodger versus tenant. Is it possible to distinguish between someone who offers a room for rent and offers an apartment or house for rent? Are there any hyponyms for "landlord" that make this distinction? I checked onel... |
100345 | Can ‘on one’s own’ be an adjective, implying 'while one is alone'? | Can this phrase ‘on one’s own’ be used as a post-modifying adjective phrase like below, meaning ‘while one is alone’? > The gangsters wanted to catch him **on his own**. |
10035 | Is there a technical term for the degeneration or evolution of words? | Based on this question, I was curious if there is an actual term that describes how words' meanings change or become deprecated over time. |
100352 | Is “repetitive pattern” a pleonasm that I should avoid? | The context: a warning to a user of a website that tells the user that patterns in an image should be avoided. One of the key characteristics of a pattern is that it _is_ repetitive. There is no such thing as a “non-repetitive pattern”. This makes it a pleonasm. Am I right about this? At the same time, I feel “repetiti... |
100357 | Is there a term that covers advantages and disadvantages? | Is there a term that refers to both advantages and disadvantages? I'm trying to find a succinct name for a section of a report that summarises advantages and disadvantages of a particular product. |
10036 | Why is "primer" pronounced with a short "i" sound? | This word—used to mean an elementary textbook, not a painting material—annoys me to no end. Does anyone know why, exactly, "primer" is pronounced with a short "i" sound? I don't know why, call it intuition, but I can't see why this word isn't spelled "primmer." Are there any particular etymological reasons for this spe... |
100365 | What does the term "kerplewy" mean? | What does the term mean and what is the best way to use it? And, I also wanted to know if there is any information about where it comes from. And by the way, how do we pronounce it? |
100366 | Can you use "many, many" in this way? | Suppose I want to use the phrase "many, many" to compound the "maniness" of the thing I'm describing. > There are **many, many** people. > > The people (of which there are **many, many** ) The first one is standard, but the second one is contended. _Can_ it be used in that way? An example of one that wouldn't be so awk... |
100368 | What does "a success" mean? | I was taught _a success_ means _a successful man_ and not _achievement_. Is that right? |
100371 | How is a thought within a story within a story indicated? | If a story is being told within a story so that it is italicized and a character within this sub-story expresses a thought, something normally italicized, how is that thought conveyed? I would think that one would place that thought in quotes. |
100374 | Meaning of "match Greek with Greek" | From _Christmas Storms and Sunshine_ by Elizabeth Gaskell (4th paragraph): > Jenkins had his wife too. Wives were wanting to finish the completeness of > the quarrel, which existed one memorable Christmas week, some dozen years > ago, between the two neighbours, the two compositors. And with wives, it was > a very pret... |
100376 | Where can you use “and/or”? | I know that in formal contexts, the construction _and/or_ is very ugly and undesirable (and there are many questions here that deal with said formal usage). Has it become acceptable to use it informally, however, as a sort of rhetorical _faux_ formalism or something else altogether? |
100379 | Proper tense and form of questions | Would the following questions demonstrate a proper usage of English? Please, write thorough explanations. > Do you start understanding English songs? > > Are you starting to understand English songs? > > Do you start to understand English songs? |
100388 | Name for a company that resells products | I'm looking for a single word to call a company that does not manufacture products, but instead buys them and sells them again at a different price. I came up with "reseller company"; is this a good description? Is there a better one? |
100389 | Word for a "deep narrow line" | What's the word for a _deep narrow line_? I'm trying to describe the lines you see on a person's body, particularly the abdomen. When someone has very muscular defined six-pack abs, you can clearly see deep narrow lines in between their abs. How do you describe/call these lines? |
100390 | What punctuation mark should I use? | > **Possible Duplicate:** > What is the proper use of [square brackets] in quotes? > What do brackets in a quote mean? When I add information beside a word in a Bible verse, what bracket should I use? Parentheses or square brackets? |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
CQADupstackEnglishRetrieval — BEIR, unified schema
A normalised copy of the dataset behind the mteb task CQADupstackEnglishRetrieval, one of the tasks of the BEIR benchmark as mteb defines it (a member of the aggregate task CQADupstackRetrieval). Same queries, documents
and relevance judgements as the benchmark evaluates — reshaped into one strict schema shared by every dataset
in this collection.
| Source | mteb/cqadupstack-english @ ad9991cb51e3 (the revision pinned in mteb) |
| Domain · languages | stackexchange · eng |
| Queries / documents / qrels | 1,570 / 40,221 / 3,765 |
| Qrels per query | min 1 · mean 2.398 · max 79 |
| Score values | 1 ×3,765 |
| Layout | queries · corpus · qrels, split test |
| License | cc-by-sa-4.0 |
Schema
| config | columns | rules |
|---|---|---|
queries |
id: string, text: string |
ids unique and non-empty; every query has ≥ 1 qrel |
corpus |
id: string, title: string, text: string |
title is always present ("" when the source has none) |
qrels |
query-id: string, corpus-id: string, score: int32 |
referential integrity to both tables; no duplicate pairs; no floats |
Files are Parquet, sorted by id, zstd-compressed, sharded at 500 MB. Every rule above is enforced by a validator
before publishing; provenance.json records the source file hashes, what changed, and the output file hashes.
What changed from the source
- byte-preserved all text — no whitespace, newline, or control-character normalisation
- cast
qrels.scoredouble -> int32 - renamed
_id→id - renamed source splits (
queries←queries/queries,corpus←corpus/corpus) totest
Load it
from datasets import load_dataset
queries = load_dataset("Hyukkyu/beir-cqadupstack-english", "queries", split="test")
corpus = load_dataset("Hyukkyu/beir-cqadupstack-english", "corpus", split="test")
qrels = load_dataset("Hyukkyu/beir-cqadupstack-english", "qrels", split="test")
License and attribution
The data is redistributed under the source's terms — cc-by-sa-4.0. All credit belongs to the
original authors; see the source repository and the references in mteb's task metadata (http://nlp.cis.unimelb.edu.au/resources/cqadupstack/).
This repository is an independent repackaging and is not affiliated with the RTEB or MTEB maintainers.
License discrepancy. The upstream dataset card declares
cc-by-sa-4.0whilemteb'sTaskMetadatadeclaresapache-2.0. This card carries the upstream value as the more conservative choice.
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