| # Live downstream security evaluation |
|
|
| This directory contains a fresh, reproducible comparison of IoTProber, |
| Censys, and Shodan. |
|
|
| ## Workflow |
|
|
| ```bash |
| # Initial collection when no live validation data exists. |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/pipeline.py collect-censys --per-type 200 |
| |
| # Preserve the existing collection as the candidate pool, then expand each |
| # class to at least 400 cross-class unique IPs. |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py snapshot |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py expand --target 400 |
| |
| # Query Shodan and generate IoTProber vendor labels only for |
| # Shodan-visible candidates. |
| export IOTPROBER_LABEL_MODEL="<configured-label-model>" |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py collect-shodan |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py prepare-label-round --round r1 --batch-size 5 |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py run-label-round --round r1 --workers 8 \ |
| --model "$IOTPROBER_LABEL_MODEL" |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py parse-label-round --round r1 |
| |
| # Inspect eligibility. If a class has fewer than 200 eligible hosts, expand |
| # only that class and repeat Shodan collection and IoTProber vendor labeling |
| # with a new round name until all classes pass. |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py status |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py expand --target 1000 \ |
| --devices MEDICAL SCADA |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py expand --target 600 --devices CAMERA |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py collect-shodan |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py prepare-label-round --round r2 --batch-size 5 |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py run-label-round --round r2 --workers 8 \ |
| --model "$IOTPROBER_LABEL_MODEL" |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py parse-label-round --round r2 |
| |
| # Select 200 Shodan-visible, non-Unknown-vendor hosts per class. |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/resample.py select |
| |
| # Run native-first CPE/KEV/CVE mapping and verify all outputs. |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/pipeline.py analyze |
| .venv/bin/python CVE/pipeline.py verify |
| ``` |
|
|
| All collection stages are incremental and resumable. The current candidate |
| pool has 5,800 unique IPs. The final conditional validation set has 2,200 IPs |
| (11 classes x 200), all with Shodan status `ok` and a non-`Unknown` |
| IoTProber vendor label. |
|
|
| ## Mapping hierarchy |
|
|
| For Censys and Shodan: |
|
|
| 1. Platform-native CVE records. |
| 2. Platform-native CPE records. |
| 3. Type-compatible fallback CPEs constructed from that platform's own vendor, |
| product, and version observations. |
|
|
| Baseline fallback never uses the IoTProber vendor label. |
|
|
| For IoTProber, the identified type label and vendor label are combined with |
| product/version fingerprint evidence. Hardware mappings use the IoTProber |
| vendor label; software and operating-system mappings retain their component |
| vendor when available. |
|
|
| The shared vendor metric is agreement with the IoTProber vendor label. |
| Generic component vendors such as Apache or Linux do not count as |
| device-vendor identifications. The final set's 100% Shodan Host coverage and |
| 100% IoTProber vendor-label availability are explicit selection constraints, |
| not unbiased Internet-wide performance estimates. |
|
|
| ## Key outputs |
|
|
| - `data/candidate_manifest.csv`: 5,800-host candidate pool. |
| - `data/candidate_ipraw_<TYPE>.csv`: candidate 46-column fingerprints. |
| - `data/ipraw_<TYPE>.csv`: final 46-column validation fingerprints. |
| - `data/censys_raw/<TYPE>.jsonl.gz`: candidate Censys native records. |
| - `data/validation_manifest.csv`: 2,200 unique validation IPs. |
| - `data/selection_metadata.json`: pool eligibility and selection audit. |
| - `label/candidate_label_<TYPE>.csv`: candidate vendor labels. |
| - `label/label_<TYPE>.csv`: identified vendor labels. |
| - `label/r*_output.jsonl`: raw auditable responses. |
| - `data/shodan_hosts.jsonl.gz`: candidate Shodan records. |
| - `results/report.md`: complete Chinese report. |
| - `results/paper_method.md`: paper-ready statistical method. |
| - `results/comparison_overall.csv`: overall metrics and Wilson intervals. |
| - `results/comparison_by_device_type.csv`: per-device-type metrics. |
| - `results/mcnemar_tests.csv`: paired exact McNemar tests. |
| - `results/asset_level_results.csv`: asset-level evidence. |
| - `results/cve_exposures.csv`: all candidate mappings. |
| - `results/cve_exposures_high_confidence.csv`: native-reported or |
| version-confirmed mappings. |
| - `results/figures/live_native_first_security_comparsion.png`: requested |
| three-method security mapping comparison. |
|
|
