answer string | choices dict | id string | kind string | lang string | question string | steps list | subject string | text string | topic string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(D) Neanderthal; Neanderthal brains averaged larger than modern human brains. | {
"A": "Habilis",
"B": "Erectus",
"C": "Australopithecus",
"D": "Neanderthal"
} | bio_1101 | multiple_choice | en | Which hominin had the largest brain? | [
"Eliminate small apes.",
"Spot big-brained archaics.",
"Choose Neanderthal."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Neanderthals brained biggest.
Steps:
1. Eliminate small apes.
2. Spot big-brained archaics.
3. Choose Neanderthal.
Answer: (D) | evolution |
(B) Lake; lakes hold still freshwater unlike oceans, reefs, and estuaries. | {
"A": "Ocean",
"B": "Lake",
"C": "Coral reef",
"D": "Estuary"
} | bio_1102 | multiple_choice | en | Which is a freshwater habitat? | [
"Eliminate salt water.",
"Spot still fresh water.",
"Choose lake."
] | biology | Answer: (B) Lakes hold fresh water.
Steps:
1. Eliminate salt water.
2. Spot still fresh water.
3. Choose lake.
Answer: (B) | ecology |
(A) Capillaries; thin capillaries swap gases with surrounding tissues. | {
"A": "Capillaries",
"B": "Arteries",
"C": "Veins",
"D": "Aorta"
} | bio_1103 | multiple_choice | en | Which vessels exchange gases with tissues? | [
"Eliminate thick pipes.",
"Spot thin exchangers.",
"Choose capillaries."
] | biology | Answer: (A) Capillaries trade gases.
Steps:
1. Eliminate thick pipes.
2. Spot thin exchangers.
3. Choose capillaries.
Answer: (A) | physiology |
(D) D; vitamin D mineralizes growing bones, and its lack bends them into rickets. | {
"A": "C",
"B": "B12",
"C": "K",
"D": "D"
} | bio_1104 | multiple_choice | en | Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets? | [
"Eliminate blood vitamins.",
"Spot bone mineralizer.",
"Choose D."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Rickets lacks vitamin D.
Steps:
1. Eliminate blood vitamins.
2. Spot bone mineralizer.
3. Choose D.
Answer: (D) | biochemistry |
(C) Anafáze; v anafázi se sesterské chromatidy rozcházejí k pólům buňky. | {
"A": "Profáze",
"B": "Metafáze",
"C": "Anafáze",
"D": "Telofáze"
} | bio_1105 | multiple_choice | cs | Která fáze mitózy rozděluje chromatidy? | [
"Vylučte řazení a balení.",
"Přiřaďte rozchod anafázi.",
"Zvolte anafázi."
] | biology | Answer: (C) Chromatidy dělí anafáze.
Steps:
1. Vylučte řazení a balení.
2. Přiřaďte rozchod anafázi.
3. Zvolte anafázi.
Answer: (C) | cell_biology |
(A) A; the dominant allele A shows in heterozygous Aa. | {
"A": "A",
"B": "a",
"C": "Both equally",
"D": "Neither"
} | bio_1106 | multiple_choice | en | Which allele is expressed in Aa? | [
"Eliminate hidden recessive.",
"Spot dominant show.",
"Choose A."
] | biology | Answer: (A) Dominant A shows.
Steps:
1. Eliminate hidden recessive.
2. Spot dominant show.
3. Choose A.
Answer: (A) | genetics |
The response is 2 g; heritability 0.4 times the 5 g selection difference gives the gain. | null | bio_1107 | worked_example | en | Weight heritability is 0.4 and the selection difference is 5 g. Predict the response to selection. | [
"Multiply R = 0.4 x 5 = 2 g.",
"Recompute: 2 / 5 = 0.4.",
"Report 2 g."
] | biology | Answer: 2 g.
Steps:
1. Multiply R = 0.4 x 5 = 2 g.
2. Recompute: 2 / 5 = 0.4.
3. Report 2 g. | evolution |
100 cubic meters of snow; 0.5 m depth over 200 m² gives the volume. | null | bio_1108 | worked_example | en | Snow is 50 cm deep over 200 m². Calculate the snow volume. | [
"Convert 50 cm = 0.5 m.",
"Multiply 0.5 x 200 = 100 m³.",
"Recompute: 100 / 200 = 0.5."
] | biology | Answer: 100 m³.
Steps:
1. Convert 50 cm = 0.5 m.
2. Multiply 0.5 x 200 = 100 m³.
3. Recompute: 100 / 200 = 0.5. | ecology |
45 cm long; 25 percent of 180 cm gives the femur length. | null | bio_1109 | worked_example | en | The femur is 25 percent of height. Calculate femur length for 180 cm height. | [
"Convert 25 percent = 0.25.",
"Multiply 180 x 0.25 = 45.",
"Recompute: 45/180 = 0.25."
] | biology | Answer: 45 cm.
Steps:
1. Convert 25 percent = 0.25.
2. Multiply 180 x 0.25 = 45.
3. Recompute: 45/180 = 0.25. | physiology |
250 gramů sacharidů; polovina z 500 gramů chleba dá cukernou část. | null | bio_1110 | worked_example | cs | Chléb obsahuje 50 procent sacharidů. Kolik gramů sacharidů je v 500 g chleba? | [
"Převeďte 50 procent = 0,5.",
"Vynásobte 500 x 0,5 = 250.",
"Přepočítejte: 250 / 500 = 0,5."
] | biology | Answer: 250 g sacharidů.
Steps:
1. Převeďte 50 procent = 0,5.
2. Vynásobte 500 x 0,5 = 250.
3. Přepočítejte: 250 / 500 = 0,5. | biochemistry |
5 times longer; 50 µm divided by 10 µm gives the ratio. | null | bio_1111 | worked_example | en | A flagellum is 50 µm long on a 10 µm cell. How many times longer is the flagellum? | [
"Divide 50 / 10 = 5.",
"Recompute: 5 x 10 = 50.",
"Report 5 times."
] | biology | Answer: 5 times longer.
Steps:
1. Divide 50 / 10 = 5.
2. Recompute: 5 x 10 = 50.
3. Report 5 times. | cell_biology |
Amplified genes stretch chromosome bands into uniform bright regions that mark drug-resistant tumors. | null | bio_1112 | concept | en | Explain homogeneously staining regions. | [
"Amplify genes massively.",
"Stretch bands uniform.",
"Mark resistant tumors."
] | biology | Answer: HSRs flag gene overdose.
Steps:
1. Amplify genes massively.
2. Stretch bands uniform.
3. Mark resistant tumors. | genetics |
Flesh, hooks, wings, and floats bribe animals and winds to plant offspring far from the parent's shade. | null | bio_1113 | concept | en | Explain the evolution of seed dispersal. | [
"Bribe animals with flesh.",
"Hook fur, float winds.",
"Escape parental shade."
] | biology | Answer: Seeds hitch rides outward.
Steps:
1. Bribe animals with flesh.
2. Hook fur, float winds.
3. Escape parental shade. | evolution |
A slow river of grass feeds alligators and panthers through wet summers and dry winters. | null | bio_1114 | concept | en | Describe the Everglades ecosystem. | [
"Flow river of grass.",
"Feed gators, panthers.",
"Cycle wet and dry."
] | biology | Answer: Everglades flow grassy slow.
Steps:
1. Flow river of grass.
2. Feed gators, panthers.
3. Cycle wet and dry. | ecology |
Játra tvoří žluč, ukládají glykogen, odbourávají jedy a vyrábějí bílkoviny krevní plazmy. | null | bio_1115 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete funkci jater. | [
"Tvořte žluč.",
"Ukládejte glykogen.",
"Odbourávejte jedy."
] | biology | Answer: Játra vaří, skladují a čistí.
Steps:
1. Tvořte žluč.
2. Ukládejte glykogen.
3. Odbourávejte jedy. | physiology |
Nitrogen-rich sugar chains armor fungal walls and insect shells with tough, flexible chitin. | null | bio_1116 | concept | en | Describe the structure of chitin. | [
"Chain amino sugars.",
"Armor fungi, insects.",
"Flex shells tough."
] | biology | Answer: Chitin armors bugs, fungi.
Steps:
1. Chain amino sugars.
2. Armor fungi, insects.
3. Flex shells tough. | biochemistry |
Polo kinases mature centrosomes, break the nuclear envelope, and license the final cut of cytokinesis. | null | bio_1117 | concept | en | Explain polo-like kinases in mitosis. | [
"Mature centrosomes.",
"Break envelope open.",
"License final cut."
] | biology | Answer: Polo kinases pace division.
Steps:
1. Mature centrosomes.
2. Break envelope open.
3. License final cut. | cell_biology |
Repeat-rich gaps snap under stress and mark fragile X and cancer breakpoints. | null | bio_1118 | concept | en | Explain fragile sites on chromosomes. | [
"Repeat DNA richly.",
"Snap under stress.",
"Mark disease breaks."
] | biology | Answer: Fragile sites snap first.
Steps:
1. Repeat DNA richly.
2. Snap under stress.
3. Mark disease breaks. | genetics |
Nectar and pollen bribes shaped bee tongues and orchid traps in tight mutual embrace. | null | bio_1119 | concept | en | Explain the evolution of flowers and pollinators. | [
"Bribe with nectar.",
"Shape tongues, traps.",
"Embrace mutually tight."
] | biology | Answer: Flowers bribed wings.
Steps:
1. Bribe with nectar.
2. Shape tongues, traps.
3. Embrace mutually tight. | evolution |
Skleníkové plyny zadržují teplo a oteplují planetu; spalováním fosilních paliv efekt sílí. | null | bio_1120 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete skleníkový efekt. | [
"Zadržte teplo plyny.",
"Ohřejte planetu.",
"Posilte spalováním."
] | biology | Answer: Skleníkové plyny topí planetě.
Steps:
1. Zadržte teplo plyny.
2. Ohřejte planetu.
3. Posilte spalováním. | ecology |
(A) Right ventricle; the right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs. | {
"A": "Right ventricle",
"B": "Left ventricle",
"C": "Right atrium",
"D": "Left atrium"
} | bio_1121 | multiple_choice | en | Which chamber pumps to the lungs? | [
"Eliminate body side.",
"Spot lung pump.",
"Choose right ventricle."
] | biology | Answer: (A) Right ventricle feeds lungs.
Steps:
1. Eliminate body side.
2. Spot lung pump.
3. Choose right ventricle.
Answer: (A) | physiology |
(C) Glycogen; muscles stock glucose as glycogen for quick release. | {
"A": "Starch",
"B": "Cellulose",
"C": "Glycogen",
"D": "Sucrose"
} | bio_1122 | multiple_choice | en | Which molecule stores energy in muscles? | [
"Eliminate plant polymers.",
"Spot animal stock.",
"Choose glycogen."
] | biology | Answer: (C) Muscles bank glycogen.
Steps:
1. Eliminate plant polymers.
2. Spot animal stock.
3. Choose glycogen.
Answer: (C) | biochemistry |
(B) Tight junction; tight junctions seal neighboring gut cells leakproof. | {
"A": "Desmosome",
"B": "Tight junction",
"C": "Gap junction",
"D": "Plasmodesma"
} | bio_1123 | multiple_choice | en | Which junction seals gut cells? | [
"Eliminate rivets.",
"Spot sealing belts.",
"Choose tight junction."
] | biology | Answer: (B) Tight junctions seal guts.
Steps:
1. Eliminate rivets.
2. Spot sealing belts.
3. Choose tight junction.
Answer: (B) | cell_biology |
(D) Unknown x aa; crossing to homozygous recessive reveals hidden alleles. | {
"A": "AA x AA",
"B": "Aa x Aa",
"C": "AA x aa",
"D": "Unknown x aa"
} | bio_1124 | multiple_choice | en | Which cross tests an unknown genotype? | [
"Eliminate known crosses.",
"Spot recessive tester.",
"Choose unknown x aa."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Test crosses unmask alleles.
Steps:
1. Eliminate known crosses.
2. Spot recessive tester.
3. Choose unknown x aa.
Answer: (D) | genetics |
(D) Neandrtálec; jejich mozek byl v průměru větší než náš. | {
"A": "Habilis",
"B": "Erectus",
"C": "Australopitékus",
"D": "Neandrtálec"
} | bio_1125 | multiple_choice | cs | Který hominid měl největší mozek? | [
"Vylučte drobné předky.",
"Přiřaďte rekord neandrtálcům.",
"Zvolte neandrtálce."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Největší mozek měl neandrtálec.
Steps:
1. Vylučte drobné předky.
2. Přiřaďte rekord neandrtálcům.
3. Zvolte neandrtálce.
Answer: (D) | evolution |
(B) Swallows; swallows migrate thousands of kilometers between seasons. | {
"A": "Corals",
"B": "Swallows",
"C": "Sponges",
"D": "Barnacles"
} | bio_1126 | multiple_choice | en | Which animals migrate seasonally? | [
"Eliminate sessile life.",
"Spot long fliers.",
"Choose swallows."
] | biology | Answer: (B) Swallows commute seasons.
Steps:
1. Eliminate sessile life.
2. Spot long fliers.
3. Choose swallows.
Answer: (B) | ecology |
24 ribs in total; 12 pairs double to the full cage. | null | bio_1127 | worked_example | en | The ribcage has 12 pairs of ribs. How many ribs is that? | [
"Multiply 12 x 2 = 24.",
"Recompute: 24 / 2 = 12.",
"Report 24 ribs."
] | biology | Answer: 24 ribs.
Steps:
1. Multiply 12 x 2 = 24.
2. Recompute: 24 / 2 = 12.
3. Report 24 ribs. | physiology |
62.5 percent of need; 50 mg of the 80 mg daily dose comes from the orange. | null | bio_1128 | worked_example | en | An orange holds 50 mg of vitamin C and daily need is 80 mg. Calculate the percent covered. | [
"Divide 50 / 80 = 0.625.",
"Convert to 62.5 percent.",
"Recompute: 80 x 0.625 = 50."
] | biology | Answer: 62.5 percent.
Steps:
1. Divide 50 / 80 = 0.625.
2. Convert to 62.5 percent.
3. Recompute: 80 x 0.625 = 50. | biochemistry |
About 1/50, i.e. 2 percent; 2 µm of the 100 µm cell gives the share. | null | bio_1129 | worked_example | en | A mitochondrion is 2 µm long in a 100 µm muscle cell. What fraction of cell length is it? | [
"Divide 2 / 100 = 1/50.",
"Convert to 2 percent.",
"Recompute: 100 / 50 = 2."
] | biology | Answer: 1/50, i.e. 2 percent.
Steps:
1. Divide 2 / 100 = 1/50.
2. Convert to 2 percent.
3. Recompute: 100 / 50 = 2. | cell_biology |
Pravděpodobnost je 1/2, tedy 50 procent; křížení Vv x vv dá Vv a vv stejně často. | null | bio_1130 | worked_example | cs | Při křížení Vv x vv vypočítejte pravděpodobnost potomka s genotypem Vv. | [
"Vypište potomky: Vv nebo vv.",
"Přiřaďte stejné šance 1/2.",
"Převeďte na 50 procent.",
"Přepočítejte: 1/2 + 1/2 = 1."
] | biology | Answer: 1/2, tedy 50 procent.
Steps:
1. Vypište potomky: Vv nebo vv.
2. Přiřaďte stejné šance 1/2.
3. Převeďte na 50 procent.
4. Přepočítejte: 1/2 + 1/2 = 1. | genetics |
80 carriers in 250; 2pq of 0.32 times 250 gives the expected count. | null | bio_1131 | worked_example | en | In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium p=0.2 and q=0.8 in 250 diploid individuals. How many carriers are expected? | [
"Compute 2pq = 2 x 0.2 x 0.8 = 0.32.",
"Multiply 0.32 x 250 = 80.",
"Recompute: 80/250 = 0.32."
] | biology | Answer: 80 carriers.
Steps:
1. Compute 2pq = 2 x 0.2 x 0.8 = 0.32.
2. Multiply 0.32 x 250 = 80.
3. Recompute: 80/250 = 0.32. | evolution |
Seasonal floods drown the world's largest wetland, feeding caimans, jaguars, and hyacinth macaws. | null | bio_1132 | concept | en | Describe the Pantanal wetland ecosystem. | [
"Flood plains yearly.",
"Feed caimans, jaguars.",
"Shelter macaw flocks."
] | biology | Answer: Pantanal floods feed giants.
Steps:
1. Flood plains yearly.
2. Feed caimans, jaguars.
3. Shelter macaw flocks. | ecology |
The reticular formation filters sensory noise and toggles sleep and wakefulness like a dimmer switch. | null | bio_1133 | concept | en | Explain the reticular formation. | [
"Filter sensory noise.",
"Toggle sleep-wake.",
"Dim consciousness up-down."
] | biology | Answer: The reticular tunes arousal.
Steps:
1. Filter sensory noise.
2. Toggle sleep-wake.
3. Dim consciousness up-down. | physiology |
Silk fibroin stacks beta sheets into fibers stronger than steel thread for thread. | null | bio_1134 | concept | en | Describe the structure of silk. | [
"Stack beta sheets.",
"Spin fibers fine.",
"Outpull steel threads."
] | biology | Answer: Silk stacks sheets strong.
Steps:
1. Stack beta sheets.
2. Spin fibers fine.
3. Outpull steel threads. | biochemistry |
Vakuola skladuje vodu, barviva a odpad; tlakem šťávy zpevňuje rostlinnou buňku. | null | bio_1135 | concept | cs | Popište vakuolu a její funkci. | [
"Popište zásobní váček.",
"Uložte vodu a barviva.",
"Zpevněte buňku tlakem."
] | biology | Answer: Vakuola skladuje a zpevňuje.
Steps:
1. Popište zásobní váček.
2. Uložte vodu a barviva.
3. Zpevněte buňku tlakem. | cell_biology |
Telomerase caps fresh breaks with new telomeres, stabilizing fragments but risking genome scrambling. | null | bio_1136 | concept | en | Explain telomere healing at breaks. | [
"Break chromosomes raw.",
"Cap ends with telomeres.",
"Risk scrambled genomes."
] | biology | Answer: Telomeres cap fresh breaks.
Steps:
1. Break chromosomes raw.
2. Cap ends with telomeres.
3. Risk scrambled genomes. | genetics |
Play rehearses hunting, fighting, and social rules safely, repaying its risks with skilled adults. | null | bio_1137 | concept | en | Explain the evolution of play behavior. | [
"Rehearse hunts safely.",
"Practice social rules.",
"Repay risks in skill."
] | biology | Answer: Play trains young safely.
Steps:
1. Rehearse hunts safely.
2. Practice social rules.
3. Repay risks in skill. | evolution |
Brackish shallows mix river and sea, sheltering cod nurseries amid eutrophic dead zones. | null | bio_1138 | concept | en | Describe the Baltic Sea ecosystem. | [
"Mix river with sea.",
"Nurse cod in shallows.",
"Choke zones eutrophic."
] | biology | Answer: Baltic mixes seas brackish.
Steps:
1. Mix river with sea.
2. Nurse cod in shallows.
3. Choke zones eutrophic. | ecology |
The empty stomach releases ghrelin that drives hunger, silenced by food until the next fast. | null | bio_1139 | concept | en | Explain ghrelin and hunger signals. | [
"Empty stomach growls.",
"Release ghrelin.",
"Silence it with food."
] | biology | Answer: Ghrelin growls hunger.
Steps:
1. Empty stomach growls.
2. Release ghrelin.
3. Silence it with food. | physiology |
Cukry jsou sladké sacharidy: glukóza palivem buněk, fruktóza v ovoci a sacharóza v cukrové řepě. | null | bio_1140 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete, co jsou to cukry. | [
"Definujte sladké sacharidy.",
"Uveďte glukózu a fruktózu.",
"Nazvěte zdroj sacharózy."
] | biology | Answer: Cukry sladí palivo buněk.
Steps:
1. Definujte sladké sacharidy.
2. Uveďte glukózu a fruktózu.
3. Nazvěte zdroj sacharózy. | biochemistry |
(C) Chloroplast; chloroplasts photosynthesize only in plant cells and algae. | {
"A": "Mitochondrion",
"B": "Ribosome",
"C": "Chloroplast",
"D": "Nucleus"
} | bio_1141 | multiple_choice | en | Which structure is only in plant cells? | [
"Eliminate shared parts.",
"Spot photosynthesis site.",
"Choose chloroplast."
] | biology | Answer: (C) Only plants green chloroplasts.
Steps:
1. Eliminate shared parts.
2. Spot photosynthesis site.
3. Choose chloroplast.
Answer: (C) | cell_biology |
(A) Watson and Crick; they deduced the double helix from X-ray data in 1953. | {
"A": "Watson and Crick",
"B": "Mendel",
"C": "Darwin",
"D": "Lamarck"
} | bio_1142 | multiple_choice | en | Which scientists discovered the DNA double helix structure? | [
"Eliminate early pioneers.",
"Spot 1953 helix.",
"Choose Watson and Crick."
] | biology | Answer: (A) Watson and Crick solved DNA.
Steps:
1. Eliminate early pioneers.
2. Spot 1953 helix.
3. Choose Watson and Crick.
Answer: (A) | genetics |
(D) Galápagos; finch beaks on the Galápagos showed adaptive radiation to Darwin. | {
"A": "Africa",
"B": "Asia",
"C": "Australia",
"D": "Galápagos"
} | bio_1143 | multiple_choice | en | Where did Darwin observe adaptive radiation? | [
"Eliminate continents.",
"Spot finch islands.",
"Choose Galápagos."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Galápagos radiated finches.
Steps:
1. Eliminate continents.
2. Spot finch islands.
3. Choose Galápagos.
Answer: (D) | evolution |
(B) Venus flytrap; the Venus flytrap snaps shut on insects for nitrogen. | {
"A": "Oak",
"B": "Venus flytrap",
"C": "Grass",
"D": "Moss"
} | bio_1144 | multiple_choice | en | Which is a carnivorous plant? | [
"Eliminate plain growers.",
"Spot insect snapper.",
"Choose Venus flytrap."
] | biology | Answer: (B) Flytraps eat insects.
Steps:
1. Eliminate plain growers.
2. Spot insect snapper.
3. Choose Venus flytrap.
Answer: (B) | ecology |
(B) Slinivka; její beta-buňky vyrábějí inzulin. | {
"A": "Játra",
"B": "Slinivka",
"C": "Ledviny",
"D": "Žlučník"
} | bio_1145 | multiple_choice | cs | Který orgán vyrábí inzulin? | [
"Vylučte filtry a zásoby.",
"Přiřaďte výrobu slinivce.",
"Zvolte slinivku."
] | biology | Answer: (B) Inzulin vyrábí slinivka.
Steps:
1. Vylučte filtry a zásoby.
2. Přiřaďte výrobu slinivce.
3. Zvolte slinivku.
Answer: (B) | physiology |
(D) Potatoes; potato tubers pack starch as storage. | {
"A": "Meat",
"B": "Fish",
"C": "Eggs",
"D": "Potatoes"
} | bio_1146 | multiple_choice | en | Which foods are rich in starch? | [
"Eliminate animal foods.",
"Spot starchy tubers.",
"Choose potatoes."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Potatoes pack starch.
Steps:
1. Eliminate animal foods.
2. Spot starchy tubers.
3. Choose potatoes.
Answer: (D) | biochemistry |
About 1/2, i.e. 50 percent; 5 µm of the 10 µm nucleus gives the share. | null | bio_1147 | worked_example | en | A chromosome is 5 µm long in a 10 µm nucleus. What fraction of nucleus width is it? | [
"Divide 5 / 10 = 1/2.",
"Convert to 50 percent.",
"Recompute: 10 / 2 = 5."
] | biology | Answer: 1/2, i.e. 50 percent.
Steps:
1. Divide 5 / 10 = 1/2.
2. Convert to 50 percent.
3. Recompute: 10 / 2 = 5. | cell_biology |
The probability is 1/4, i.e. 25 percent; the Ww x Ww square yields one ww in four. | null | bio_1148 | worked_example | en | For the cross Ww x Ww, calculate the probability of ww offspring. | [
"List square: WW, Ww, Ww, ww.",
"Count ww: 1 of 4.",
"Convert to 1/4 = 25 percent.",
"Recompute: 1/4+1/2+1/4=1."
] | biology | Answer: 1/4, i.e. 25 percent.
Steps:
1. List square: WW, Ww, Ww, ww.
2. Count ww: 1 of 4.
3. Convert to 1/4 = 25 percent.
4. Recompute: 1/4+1/2+1/4=1. | genetics |
2 AA individuals; p squared of 0.01 times 200 gives the expected count. | null | bio_1149 | worked_example | en | In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium p=0.1 in 200 diploid individuals. How many AA individuals are expected? | [
"Square p: 0.1 x 0.1 = 0.01.",
"Multiply 0.01 x 200 = 2.",
"Recompute: 2/200 = 0.01."
] | biology | Answer: 2 AA individuals.
Steps:
1. Square p: 0.1 x 0.1 = 0.01.
2. Multiply 0.01 x 200 = 2.
3. Recompute: 2/200 = 0.01. | evolution |
Na pastvině žije asi 60 krav; plocha krát hustota dá celkový počet. | null | bio_1150 | worked_example | cs | Pastvina má 30 hektarů a hustota jsou 2 krávy na hektar. Vypočítejte počet krav. | [
"Vynásobte 30 x 2 = 60.",
"Přepočítejte: 60 / 30 = 2.",
"Uveďte asi 60 krav."
] | biology | Answer: Asi 60 krav.
Steps:
1. Vynásobte 30 x 2 = 60.
2. Přepočítejte: 60 / 30 = 2.
3. Uveďte asi 60 krav. | ecology |
10.5 liters weekly; 1.5 liters daily over 7 days sums saliva. | null | bio_1151 | worked_example | en | Glands make 1.5 L of saliva daily. Calculate weekly saliva. | [
"Multiply 1.5 x 7 = 10.5.",
"Recompute: 10.5 / 7 = 1.5.",
"Report 10.5 L."
] | biology | Answer: 10.5 L per week.
Steps:
1. Multiply 1.5 x 7 = 10.5.
2. Recompute: 10.5 / 7 = 1.5.
3. Report 10.5 L. | physiology |
Molybdenum centers nitrogenase, the bacterial enzyme that cracks inert N2 into ammonia for all life. | null | bio_1152 | concept | en | Explain the role of molybdenum in nitrogen fixation. | [
"Center molybdenum in nitrogenase.",
"Crack N2 into ammonia.",
"Feed all life fixed."
] | biology | Answer: Molybdenum cracks nitrogen gas.
Steps:
1. Center molybdenum in nitrogenase.
2. Crack N2 into ammonia.
3. Feed all life fixed. | biochemistry |
Stalled replication forks trigger ATR to pause firing and stabilize forks until stress passes. | null | bio_1153 | concept | en | Explain the intra-S checkpoint. | [
"Stall forks under stress.",
"Pause firing with ATR.",
"Stabilize till stress passes."
] | biology | Answer: Intra-S steadies stressed forks.
Steps:
1. Stall forks under stress.
2. Pause firing with ATR.
3. Stabilize till stress passes. | cell_biology |
One catastrophic shattering and random reassembly scrambles a single chromosome in cancers and birth disorders. | null | bio_1154 | concept | en | Explain chromothripsis. | [
"Shatter one chromosome.",
"Reassemble randomly.",
"Scramble cancers, births."
] | biology | Answer: Chromothripsis shatters once.
Steps:
1. Shatter one chromosome.
2. Reassemble randomly.
3. Scramble cancers, births. | genetics |
Plazi se vyvinuli z obojživelníků: šupiny, vejce s blánami a úsporný metabolismus jim otevřely souš. | null | bio_1155 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete evoluci plazů. | [
"Vyjděte z obojživelníků.",
"Získejte šupiny a vejce.",
"Ovládněte souš."
] | biology | Answer: Plazi dobyli souš šupinami.
Steps:
1. Vyjděte z obojživelníků.
2. Získejte šupiny a vejce.
3. Ovládněte souš. | evolution |
Europe's great delta braids into lagoons that shelter pelicans, sturgeons, and reedbed warblers. | null | bio_1156 | concept | en | Describe the Danube Delta ecosystem. | [
"Braid rivers to lagoons.",
"Shelter pelicans within.",
"Reed warblers dense."
] | biology | Answer: Danube braids bird haven.
Steps:
1. Braid rivers to lagoons.
2. Shelter pelicans within.
3. Reed warblers dense. | ecology |
The appendix harbors backup gut bacteria and immune tissue that reseed the colon after infections. | null | bio_1157 | concept | en | Explain the appendix in immunity. | [
"Harbor backup bacteria.",
"Stock immune tissue.",
"Reseed colon after."
] | biology | Answer: The appendix backs up guts.
Steps:
1. Harbor backup bacteria.
2. Stock immune tissue.
3. Reseed colon after. | physiology |
Phenol polymers glue wood fibers stiff and waterproof, second only to cellulose in abundance. | null | bio_1158 | concept | en | Describe the structure of lignin. | [
"Polymerize phenols.",
"Glue fibers stiff.",
"Waterproof wood hard."
] | biology | Answer: Lignin stiffens wood.
Steps:
1. Polymerize phenols.
2. Glue fibers stiff.
3. Waterproof wood hard. | biochemistry |
Cyclins rise and fall to switch CDK engines on and off, driving each cell cycle transition in turn. | null | bio_1159 | concept | en | Explain CDK-cyclin complexes. | [
"Rise cyclins timely.",
"Switch CDKs on.",
"Drive transitions onward."
] | biology | Answer: Cyclins throttle CDK engines.
Steps:
1. Rise cyclins timely.
2. Switch CDKs on.
3. Drive transitions onward. | cell_biology |
DNA je dvoušroubovicová molekula nesoucí dědičnou informaci; její úseky se nazývají geny. | null | bio_1160 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete, co je to DNA. | [
"Definujte dvoušroubovici.",
"Uložte do ní informaci.",
"Nazvěte úseky geny."
] | biology | Answer: DNA je spirála dědičnosti.
Steps:
1. Definujte dvoušroubovici.
2. Uložte do ní informaci.
3. Nazvěte úseky geny. | genetics |
(A) Devonian; fishes diversified spectacularly in Devonian seas. | {
"A": "Devonian",
"B": "Cambrian",
"C": "Jurassic",
"D": "Triassic"
} | bio_1161 | multiple_choice | en | Which period is called the age of fishes? | [
"Eliminate explosion era.",
"Spot fish boom.",
"Choose Devonian."
] | biology | Answer: (A) Fishes ruled Devonian.
Steps:
1. Eliminate explosion era.
2. Spot fish boom.
3. Choose Devonian.
Answer: (A) | evolution |
(C) Ocean; oceans hold vast salt water. | {
"A": "Lake",
"B": "River",
"C": "Ocean",
"D": "Pond"
} | bio_1162 | multiple_choice | en | Which is a saltwater habitat? | [
"Eliminate fresh water.",
"Spot vast salt.",
"Choose ocean."
] | biology | Answer: (C) Oceans run salty.
Steps:
1. Eliminate fresh water.
2. Spot vast salt.
3. Choose ocean.
Answer: (C) | ecology |
(D) Occipital lobe; the rear occipital lobe processes vision. | {
"A": "Cerebellum",
"B": "Medulla",
"C": "Hypothalamus",
"D": "Occipital lobe"
} | bio_1163 | multiple_choice | en | Which part of the brain handles vision? | [
"Eliminate balance center.",
"Spot rear processor.",
"Choose occipital lobe."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Occiputs see.
Steps:
1. Eliminate balance center.
2. Spot rear processor.
3. Choose occipital lobe.
Answer: (D) | physiology |
(B) Xylitol; xylitol sweetens without feeding tooth decay. | {
"A": "Sucrose",
"B": "Xylitol",
"C": "Glucose",
"D": "Fructose"
} | bio_1164 | multiple_choice | en | Which sweetener is a sugar alcohol? | [
"Eliminate true sugars.",
"Spot tooth-safe alcohol.",
"Choose xylitol."
] | biology | Answer: (B) Xylitol sweets teeth-safe.
Steps:
1. Eliminate true sugars.
2. Spot tooth-safe alcohol.
3. Choose xylitol.
Answer: (B) | biochemistry |
(D) Spermie; bičík žene spermii k vajíčku. | {
"A": "Kožní",
"B": "Svalová",
"C": "Nervová",
"D": "Spermie"
} | bio_1165 | multiple_choice | cs | Která buňka plave pomocí bičíku? | [
"Vylučte pevné tkáně.",
"Přiřaďte bičík spermii.",
"Zvolte spermii."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Bičíkem plave spermie.
Steps:
1. Vylučte pevné tkáně.
2. Přiřaďte bičík spermii.
3. Zvolte spermii.
Answer: (D) | cell_biology |
(C) Multiple allele gene; genes like ABO come in three or more alleles. | {
"A": "Diploid",
"B": "Haploid",
"C": "Multiple allele gene",
"D": "Polyploid"
} | bio_1166 | multiple_choice | en | Which term describes a gene with three alleles? | [
"Eliminate set counts.",
"Spot allele crowds.",
"Choose multiple allele gene."
] | biology | Answer: (C) Alleles crowd genes.
Steps:
1. Eliminate set counts.
2. Spot allele crowds.
3. Choose multiple allele gene.
Answer: (C) | genetics |
The response is 1.2 cm; heritability 0.8 times the 1.5 cm selection difference gives the gain. | null | bio_1167 | worked_example | en | Height heritability is 0.8 and the selection difference is 1.5 cm. Predict the response to selection. | [
"Multiply R = 0.8 x 1.5 = 1.2 cm.",
"Recompute: 1.2 / 1.5 = 0.8.",
"Report 1.2 cm."
] | biology | Answer: 1.2 cm.
Steps:
1. Multiply R = 0.8 x 1.5 = 1.2 cm.
2. Recompute: 1.2 / 1.5 = 0.8.
3. Report 1.2 cm. | evolution |
1200 birds flock; 4 hectares times 300 birds each gives the wetland. | null | bio_1168 | worked_example | en | A wetland covers 4 hectares with 300 birds per hectare. Calculate the birds. | [
"Multiply 4 x 300 = 1200.",
"Recompute: 1200 / 4 = 300.",
"Report 1200 birds."
] | biology | Answer: 1200 birds.
Steps:
1. Multiply 4 x 300 = 1200.
2. Recompute: 1200 / 4 = 300.
3. Report 1200 birds. | ecology |
0.6 liters free; 1.5 liters capacity minus the 0.9 liter meal gives the space. | null | bio_1169 | worked_example | en | The stomach holds 1.5 L and a meal fills 0.9 L. Calculate free space. | [
"Subtract 1.5 - 0.9 = 0.6 L.",
"Recompute: 0.6 + 0.9 = 1.5.",
"Report 0.6 L."
] | biology | Answer: 0.6 L.
Steps:
1. Subtract 1.5 - 0.9 = 0.6 L.
2. Recompute: 0.6 + 0.9 = 1.5.
3. Report 0.6 L. | physiology |
8 gramů bílkovin; 200 gramů jogurtu krát 4 procenta dá bílkovinnou část. | null | bio_1170 | worked_example | cs | Jogurt obsahuje 4 procenta bílkovin. Kolik gramů bílkovin je ve 200 g jogurtu? | [
"Převeďte 4 procenta = 0,04.",
"Vynásobte 200 x 0,04 = 8.",
"Přepočítejte: 8 / 200 = 0,04."
] | biology | Answer: 8 g bílkovin.
Steps:
1. Převeďte 4 procenta = 0,04.
2. Vynásobte 200 x 0,04 = 8.
3. Přepočítejte: 8 / 200 = 0,04. | biochemistry |
About 1/100, i.e. 1 percent; 100 nm of the 10,000 nm nucleus gives the share. | null | bio_1171 | worked_example | en | A nuclear pore is 100 nm wide in a 10 µm nucleus. What fraction of nucleus width is it? | [
"Convert 10 µm = 10000 nm.",
"Divide 100 / 10000 = 1/100.",
"Convert to 1 percent.",
"Recompute: 10000 / 100 = 100."
] | biology | Answer: 1/100, i.e. 1 percent.
Steps:
1. Convert 10 µm = 10000 nm.
2. Divide 100 / 10000 = 1/100.
3. Convert to 1 percent.
4. Recompute: 10000 / 100 = 100. | cell_biology |
Fused sister chromatids tear at anaphase and refuse across cycles, amplifying genes near each break. | null | bio_1172 | concept | en | Explain breakage-fusion-bridge cycles. | [
"Fuse broken sisters.",
"Tear them at anaphase.",
"Amplify genes nearby."
] | biology | Answer: Breakage cycles amplify genes.
Steps:
1. Fuse broken sisters.
2. Tear them at anaphase.
3. Amplify genes nearby. | genetics |
Schools confuse predators, boost foraging finds, and save energy in neighbors' slipstreams. | null | bio_1173 | concept | en | Explain the evolution of schooling in fish. | [
"Confuse predators massed.",
"Find food together.",
"Draft slipstreams cheap."
] | biology | Answer: Schools swirl safe, fed, cheap.
Steps:
1. Confuse predators massed.
2. Find food together.
3. Draft slipstreams cheap. | evolution |
Salt marshes and lagoons shelter flamingos, wild horses, and bulls between Rhône branches. | null | bio_1174 | concept | en | Describe the Camargue wetland ecosystem. | [
"Marsh salt lagoons.",
"Shelter flamingos pink.",
"Graze horses, bulls."
] | biology | Answer: Camargue marshes pink flamingos.
Steps:
1. Marsh salt lagoons.
2. Shelter flamingos pink.
3. Graze horses, bulls. | ecology |
Červovitý přívěsek ukrývá zásobní bakterie a imunitní tkáň pro obnovu střeva po infekci. | null | bio_1175 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete funkci červovitého přívěsku. | [
"Ukryjte zásobní bakterie.",
"Uložte imunitní tkáň.",
"Obnovte střevo po infekci."
] | biology | Answer: Přívěsek zálohuje střevo.
Steps:
1. Ukryjte zásobní bakterie.
2. Uložte imunitní tkáň.
3. Obnovte střevo po infekci. | physiology |
Fatty-acid polymers cork bark and potato skins waterproof against drought and germs. | null | bio_1176 | concept | en | Describe the structure of suberin. | [
"Polymerize fatty acids.",
"Cork bark waterproof.",
"Bar drought, germs."
] | biology | Answer: Suberin corks plants dry.
Steps:
1. Polymerize fatty acids.
2. Cork bark waterproof.
3. Bar drought, germs. | biochemistry |
Unphosphorylated Rb locks E2F genes off; cyclin phosphorylation frees them to launch S phase. | null | bio_1177 | concept | en | Explain the Rb protein in G1. | [
"Lock E2F with Rb.",
"Phosphorylate with cyclins.",
"Launch S phase freed."
] | biology | Answer: Rb gates S phase entry.
Steps:
1. Lock E2F with Rb.
2. Phosphorylate with cyclins.
3. Launch S phase freed. | cell_biology |
Constitutional mutations ride every cell from conception while acquired ones strike single cells during life. | null | bio_1178 | concept | en | Distinguish constitutional from acquired mutations. | [
"Inherit constitutional all.",
"Acquire somatic single.",
"Treat one, screen both."
] | biology | Answer: Born versus made mutations.
Steps:
1. Inherit constitutional all.
2. Acquire somatic single.
3. Treat one, screen both. | genetics |
Where predators vanish and food lies grounded, wings shrink into useless stubs as in kiwis and dodos. | null | bio_1179 | concept | en | Explain the evolution of flightlessness. | [
"Lose island predators.",
"Ground food below.",
"Shrink wings useless."
] | biology | Answer: Flight fades where useless.
Steps:
1. Lose island predators.
2. Ground food below.
3. Shrink wings useless. | evolution |
Rostliny mění světlo, vodu a oxid uhličitý na cukr a kyslík; kyslík dýcháme a cukr je živí. | null | bio_1180 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete fotosyntézu rostlin. | [
"Zachytěte světlo.",
"Rozložte vodu.",
"Složte cukr a kyslík."
] | biology | Answer: Fotosyntéza vaří cukr ze světla.
Steps:
1. Zachytěte světlo.
2. Rozložte vodu.
3. Složte cukr a kyslík. | ecology |
(B) Adrenaline; adrenaline mobilizes the body for fight or flight. | {
"A": "Insulin",
"B": "Adrenaline",
"C": "Thyroxine",
"D": "Melatonin"
} | bio_1181 | multiple_choice | en | Which hormone triggers fight-or-flight? | [
"Eliminate sugar hormones.",
"Spot stress mobilizer.",
"Choose adrenaline."
] | biology | Answer: (B) Adrenaline alarms bodies.
Steps:
1. Eliminate sugar hormones.
2. Spot stress mobilizer.
3. Choose adrenaline.
Answer: (B) | physiology |
(D) Iodine; the thyroid needs iodine to build its hormones. | {
"A": "Iron",
"B": "Calcium",
"C": "Zinc",
"D": "Iodine"
} | bio_1182 | multiple_choice | en | Which mineral is needed for thyroid hormones? | [
"Eliminate blood mineral.",
"Spot goiter preventer.",
"Choose iodine."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Thyroids need iodine.
Steps:
1. Eliminate blood mineral.
2. Spot goiter preventer.
3. Choose iodine.
Answer: (D) | biochemistry |
(A) Rough ER; ribosome-studded rough ER folds new proteins. | {
"A": "Rough ER",
"B": "Smooth ER",
"C": "Lysosome",
"D": "Vacuole"
} | bio_1183 | multiple_choice | en | Which organelle is covered in ribosomes? | [
"Eliminate lipid factory.",
"Spot studded sheets.",
"Choose rough ER."
] | biology | Answer: (A) Rough ER wears ribosomes.
Steps:
1. Eliminate lipid factory.
2. Spot studded sheets.
3. Choose rough ER.
Answer: (A) | cell_biology |
(C) Trait HbAHbS; one sickle copy makes the mild trait, two make disease. | {
"A": "Normal HbAHbA",
"B": "Disease HbSHbS",
"C": "Trait HbAHbS",
"D": "None"
} | bio_1184 | multiple_choice | en | Which genotype has the sickle-cell trait? | [
"Eliminate normal pair.",
"Eliminate disease pair.",
"Choose trait pair."
] | biology | Answer: (C) Traits pair half-sickle.
Steps:
1. Eliminate normal pair.
2. Eliminate disease pair.
3. Choose trait pair.
Answer: (C) | genetics |
(A) Devon; ryby se v devonu rozrůznily v mořích. | {
"A": "Devon",
"B": "Kambrium",
"C": "Jura",
"D": "Trias"
} | bio_1185 | multiple_choice | cs | Která perioda je érou ryb? | [
"Vylučte explozi života.",
"Přiřaďte ryby devonu.",
"Zvolte devon."
] | biology | Answer: (A) Ryby vládly devonu.
Steps:
1. Vylučte explozi života.
2. Přiřaďte ryby devonu.
3. Zvolte devon.
Answer: (A) | evolution |
(D) Temperate rainforest; giant redwoods tower in fog-drenched coastal forests. | {
"A": "Tundra",
"B": "Desert",
"C": "Grassland",
"D": "Temperate rainforest"
} | bio_1186 | multiple_choice | en | Which biome has the tallest trees? | [
"Eliminate treeless lands.",
"Spot fog giants.",
"Choose temperate rainforest."
] | biology | Answer: (D) Redwoods top rainforests.
Steps:
1. Eliminate treeless lands.
2. Spot fog giants.
3. Choose temperate rainforest.
Answer: (D) | ecology |
About 6 liters of blood; 8 percent of 75 kg gives 6 kg, roughly 6 liters. | null | bio_1187 | worked_example | en | Blood is 8 percent of body mass. Estimate blood liters in a 75 kg person. | [
"Multiply 75 x 0.08 = 6 kg.",
"Treat 1 kg as 1 L.",
"Report about 6 L.",
"Recompute: 6/75 = 0.08."
] | biology | Answer: About 6 L.
Steps:
1. Multiply 75 x 0.08 = 6 kg.
2. Treat 1 kg as 1 L.
3. Report about 6 L.
4. Recompute: 6/75 = 0.08. | physiology |
180 kcal from fat; 20 grams times 9 kcal each gives the fat energy. | null | bio_1188 | worked_example | en | A walnut portion weighs 30 g with 20 g of fat. Calculate fat energy in kcal (fat 9 kcal per gram). | [
"Multiply 20 x 9 = 180.",
"Recompute: 180 / 9 = 20.",
"Report 180 kcal."
] | biology | Answer: 180 kcal.
Steps:
1. Multiply 20 x 9 = 180.
2. Recompute: 180 / 9 = 20.
3. Report 180 kcal. | biochemistry |
About 1/100, i.e. 1 percent; 20 nm of the 2000 nm bacterium gives the share. | null | bio_1189 | worked_example | en | A ribosome is 20 nm wide in a 2 µm bacterium. What fraction of cell width is it? | [
"Convert 2 µm = 2000 nm.",
"Divide 20 / 2000 = 1/100.",
"Convert to 1 percent.",
"Recompute: 2000 / 100 = 20."
] | biology | Answer: 1/100, i.e. 1 percent.
Steps:
1. Convert 2 µm = 2000 nm.
2. Divide 20 / 2000 = 1/100.
3. Convert to 1 percent.
4. Recompute: 2000 / 100 = 20. | cell_biology |
Pravděpodobnost je 1/4, tedy 25 procent; čtverec Xx x Xx dá jedno XX ze čtyř. | null | bio_1190 | worked_example | cs | Při křížení Xx x Xx vypočítejte pravděpodobnost potomka s genotypem XX. | [
"Sestavte čtverec: XX, Xx, Xx, xx.",
"Spočítejte XX: 1 ze 4.",
"Převeďte na 1/4 = 25 procent.",
"Přepočítejte: 1/4 + 1/2 + 1/4 = 1."
] | biology | Answer: 1/4, tedy 25 procent.
Steps:
1. Sestavte čtverec: XX, Xx, Xx, xx.
2. Spočítejte XX: 1 ze 4.
3. Převeďte na 1/4 = 25 procent.
4. Přepočítejte: 1/4 + 1/2 + 1/4 = 1. | genetics |
80 aa individuals; q squared of 0.16 times 500 gives the expected count. | null | bio_1191 | worked_example | en | In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium q=0.4 in 500 diploid individuals. How many aa individuals are expected? | [
"Square q: 0.4 x 0.4 = 0.16.",
"Multiply 0.16 x 500 = 80.",
"Recompute: 80/500 = 0.16."
] | biology | Answer: 80 aa individuals.
Steps:
1. Square q: 0.4 x 0.4 = 0.16.
2. Multiply 0.16 x 500 = 80.
3. Recompute: 80/500 = 0.16. | evolution |
Twice-daily tides expose mudflats where millions of birds refuel on worms and shellfish. | null | bio_1192 | concept | en | Describe the Wadden Sea ecosystem. | [
"Expose mudflats tidal.",
"Feed birds millions.",
"Worm flats rich."
] | biology | Answer: Wadden tides feed millions.
Steps:
1. Expose mudflats tidal.
2. Feed birds millions.
3. Worm flats rich. | ecology |
The insula blends taste, smell, and gut feelings into flavor and disgust. | null | bio_1193 | concept | en | Explain the insula in taste. | [
"Blend taste, smell.",
"Add gut feelings.",
"Judge flavor, disgust."
] | biology | Answer: The insula tastes feelings.
Steps:
1. Blend taste, smell.
2. Add gut feelings.
3. Judge flavor, disgust. | physiology |
Fatty-acid cutin varnishes leaves waterproof while letting CO2 slip through pores. | null | bio_1194 | concept | en | Describe the structure of cutin. | [
"Varnish leaves fatty.",
"Waterproof surfaces.",
"Admit CO2 pores."
] | biology | Answer: Cutin varnishes leaves.
Steps:
1. Varnish leaves fatty.
2. Waterproof surfaces.
3. Admit CO2 pores. | biochemistry |
Chromozom tvoří DNA namotaná na histonech; před dělením se zdvojí na dvě chromatidy. | null | bio_1195 | concept | cs | Popište chromozom a jeho stavbu. | [
"Namotejte DNA na histony.",
"Sbalte vlákna do chromozomu.",
"Zdvojte ho před dělením."
] | biology | Answer: Chromozom balí DNA na histonech.
Steps:
1. Namotejte DNA na histony.
2. Sbalte vlákna do chromozomu.
3. Zdvojte ho před dělením. | cell_biology |
Second-site mutations restore gene function in some cells, patching inherited diseases with healthy islands. | null | bio_1196 | concept | en | Explain revertant mosaicism. | [
"Mutate genes faulty.",
"Revert some cells.",
"Patch healthy islands."
] | biology | Answer: Reversions heal patchy islands.
Steps:
1. Mutate genes faulty.
2. Revert some cells.
3. Patch healthy islands. | genetics |
Wolves and lions divide roles to down prey none could kill alone, sharing meat afterward. | null | bio_1197 | concept | en | Explain the evolution of cooperative hunting. | [
"Divide hunter roles.",
"Down giant prey.",
"Share meat after."
] | biology | Answer: Packs kill beyond solo.
Steps:
1. Divide hunter roles.
2. Share meat after.
3. Down giant prey. | evolution |
Floating sargassum mats shelter eels, turtles, and crabs in a sea without shores. | null | bio_1198 | concept | en | Describe the Sargasso Sea ecosystem. | [
"Float sargassum mats.",
"Shelter eels, turtles.",
"Drift shoreless sea."
] | biology | Answer: Sargasso floats shoreless shelter.
Steps:
1. Float sargassum mats.
2. Shelter eels, turtles.
3. Drift shoreless sea. | ecology |
The amygdala flags threats and fires fear that freezes or flees before thought catches up. | null | bio_1199 | concept | en | Explain the amygdala in fear. | [
"Flag threats fast.",
"Fire fear circuits.",
"Freeze or flee."
] | biology | Answer: Amygdalas alarm fear.
Steps:
1. Flag threats fast.
2. Fire fear circuits.
3. Freeze or flee. | physiology |
Fotosyntéza mění světelnou energii na chemickou: z vody a oxidu uhličitého vzniká glukóza a kyslík. | null | bio_1200 | concept | cs | Vysvětlete, co je to fotosyntéza. | [
"Zachytěte světelnou energii.",
"Rozložte vodu a CO2.",
"Složte glukózu a kyslík."
] | biology | Answer: Fotosyntéza mění světlo v cukr.
Steps:
1. Zachytěte světelnou energii.
2. Rozložte vodu a CO2.
3. Složte glukózu a kyslík. | biochemistry |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.