id string | question string | answer string | documents list |
|---|---|---|---|
train_14700 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Legislative activity in the 115th Congress on unauthorized childhood arrivals (foreign nationals who as children were brought to live in the United States by their parents or other adults) comes in response to a decision announced by the Trump Administration on September 5, 2017, to terminate the Deferred Action for Ch... | [
"Unauthorized childhood arrivals is a general term used to describe foreign nationals who as children were brought to live in the United States by their parents or other adults. Sometimes referred to as Dreamers , they represent a subset of the larger unauthorized alien population in the United States. Many observe... |
train_14701 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional interest in the performance of the credit and debit card (checking account services) markets and how recent developments are affecting customers is growing. This report discusses these developments and examines the costs and availability of consumer retail payments services, particularly those provided by... | [
"The consumer retail payments system facilitates transactions to purchase goods and services, pay bills, obtain cash through withdrawals and advances, and make person-to-person payments. Consumers may use cash, checks, or traditional electronic banking products to facilitate these transactions. Traditional electron... |
train_14702 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007 (CCRAA; P.L. 110-84) establishes a new loan forgiveness provision for borrowers of loans made under the William D. Ford Direct Loan (DL) program who are employed in public service jobs for 10 years during the repayment of their loans. Borrowers who make 120 monthly paym... | [
"The College Cost Reduction and Access Act of 2007 amended the Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) to establish a new loan forgiveness provision under the William D. Ford Direct Loan (DL) program for borrowers who are employed full-time in public service jobs for ten years during the repayment of their loans. Borrow... |
train_14703 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Committees are integral to the work of Congress in determining the policy needs of the nation and acting on them. This report provides a brief overview of six features of the committee system in the House: organization, hearings, markup, reporting, oversight, and publications. Committees in the House have four primary ... | [
"At the beginning of a Congress, or at the early organization meetings prior to the new Congress, committees organize. Members are assigned to full committees, committee chairs and ranking minority Members are determined, subcommittees are created and Members are assigned, and committee rules are adopted. Once pane... |
train_14704 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The President signed into law H.R. 3590, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148), on March 23, 2010. Seven days later, a second bill, H.R. 4872, was signed into law by the President to modify ACA. This second law, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (HCERA; P.L. 111-152),... | [
"The President signed into law H.R. 3590 , the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148 ), on March 23, 2010. Seven days later, a second bill, H.R. 4872 , was signed into law by the President to modify ACA. This second law, the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (the Reconcili... |
train_14705 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Pakistan experienced a catastrophic natural disaster that has precipitated a humanitarian crisis of major proportions. Widespread flooding affected about 20 million Pakistanis and inundated an area the size of Florida within the country. Congressional interest in the flooding stems from the significant humanitarian and... | [
"Widespread flooding in Pakistan affected millions of people and caused a significant humanitarian disaster with widespread economic and security consequences for the country. A stable, democratic, prosperous Pakistan actively combating religious militancy is considered vital to U.S. interests. The humanitarian eff... |
train_14706 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Research on climate change has identified a wide array of sources that emit greenhouse gases (GHGs). Among the six gases that have generally been the primary focus of concern, methane is the second-most abundant, accounting for approximately 8% of total U.S. GHG emissions in 2008. Methane is emitted from a number of so... | [
"In the climate change policy debate, methane capture projects have garnered attention for their ability to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Methane capture projects prevent the release of methane, a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), into the atmosphere. The captured methane is generally flared or used for energy purp... |
train_14707 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The capture and subsequent release of five Japanese civilians in two differenthostage-taking situations by Islamicterrorist groups in Iraq in April 2004 underscored the high stakes for both the Japanese government of PrimeMinister Junichiro Koizumi and for the U.S.-ledcoalition. Except for the small Communist and Socia... | [
"RS21816 -- Japan's Self-Defense Forces in Iraq: Motivations, Constraints, and Implications for U.S.-Japan AllianceCooperation Updated April 30, 2004 The April 8, 2004 seizure of three Japanese civilian volunteers near the chaotic city of Fallujah, created the first major test of Prime Minister JunichiroKoizumi's c... |
train_14708 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Even today, after the passage of some three decades, the 1979-1981 Iran Hostage Crisis remains an event familiar to most Americans. Many might be unaware that the 52 American mostly military and diplomatic personnel held hostage in Tehran for 444 days continue to strive for significant compensation for their ordeal. Th... | [
"E ven today, after the passage of more than three decades, the 1979-1981 Iran Hostage Crisis remains an event familiar to most Americans. Many might be unaware that the 52 American mostly military and diplomatic personnel held hostage in Tehran for 444 days or their survivors continue to strive for signif icant co... |
train_14709 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Federal Reserve (Fed) is the subject of legislation being considered in the 115th Congress. This report analyzes Fed bills that have seen committee or floor action and the policy debate surrounding them. The bills contain wide-ranging changes that can be grouped into five broad categories: Fed governance. Some prop... | [
"The Federal Reserve's (Fed's) responsibilities as the nation's central bank fall into four main categories: (1) monetary policy, (2) provision of emergency liquidity through the lender of last resort function, (3) supervision of certain types of banks and other financial firms for safety and soundness, and (4) pro... |
train_14710 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Medical malpractice liability is governed by state law, but Congress has the power, under the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution (Art. I, § 8, cl. 3), to enact tort reform laws that would affect actions for medical malpractice liability brought under state law. In the 112th Congress, H.R. 5, the Help Efficient, A... | [
"This report does not examine the merits or possible effects of medical malpractice litigation or medical malpractice liability reform on the health care system or on the cost of liability insurance premiums. Rather, this report explains specific tort reform proposals that are commonly considered in medical malprac... |
train_14711 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides a summary and analysis of legislative proposals that would provide voting representation in Congress to residents of the District of Columbia. Since the issue of voting representation for District residents was first broached in 1801, Congress has considered five legislative options: (1) seek votin... | [
"The Constitution, ratified in 1789, provided for the creation and governance of a permanent home for the national government. Article I, Section 8, Clause 17, called for the creation of a federal district to serve as the permanent seat of the new national government and granted Congress the power To exercise exclu... |
train_14712 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The cruise industry is a significant and growing contributor to the U.S. economy, providing more than $32 billion in benefits annually and generating more than 330,000 U.S. jobs, but also making the environmental impacts of its activities an issue to many. Although cruise ships represent a small fraction of the entire ... | [
"More than 53,000 commercial vessels—tankers, bulk carriers, container ships, barges, and passenger ships—travel the oceans and other waters of the world, carrying cargo and passengers for commerce, transport, and recreation. Their activities are regulated and scrutinized in a number of respects by international pr... |
train_14713 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On May 9, 2007, President George W. Bush issued National Security Presidential Directive (NSPD) 51, which is also identified as Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 20, on National Continuity Policy. The directive updates longstanding continuity directives designed to assure that governing entities are able ... | [
"On May 9, 2007, President George W. Bush issued National Security Presidential Directive (NSPD) 51, which is also identified as Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 20 (NSPD 51/HSPD 20), on National Continuity Policy. NSPD 51/HSPD 20 updates longstanding continuity policy expressed in various directives... |
train_14714 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides a summary of seven proposed, interim final, and final rules affecting the Medicaid program that were issued by the George W. Bush Administration during 2007 and 2008. These rules addressed Medicaid and graduate medical education, cost limits on public providers, provider taxes, rehabilitation servi... | [
"Medicaid finances the delivery of primary and acute care medical services, and long-term care, for certain low-income populations, including more than 68 million individuals in FY2010. Combined federal and state spending exceeded $381 billion in FY2009. It is the largest or second-largest item in state budgets, an... |
train_14715 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) must inspect most meat, poultry, and processed egg products for safety, wholesomeness, and labeling. Federal inspectors or their state counterparts are present at all times in virtually all slaughter plants and for at least part of ... | [
"The U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) is responsible for inspecting most meat, poultry, and processed egg products for safety, wholesomeness, and proper labeling. Federal inspectors or their state counterparts are present at all times in virtually all slaughter pla... |
train_14716 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Credit unions currently can make loans only to their members, to other credit unions, and to credit union organizations. In addition, there are restrictions in law on their business lending activities from which the credit union industry has long advocated for relief. Specific restrictions on business lending include a... | [
"The original concept of a credit union was of a cooperative organization formed for the purpose of promoting thrift among its members and providing them with a source of low-cost credit. During the past couple of decades, technology, competition, and economic conditions have brought many changes to the financial s... |
train_14717 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Representative Duffy introduced H.R. 5278, the Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act (PROMESA), on May 18, 2016. This bill is a revised version of H.R. 4900, introduced by Representative Duffy on April 12, 2016. The House Committee on Natural Resources marked up H.R. 5278 on May 25, 2016. Amendm... | [
"T his report provides a summary and analysis of H.R. 5278 , the Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act (PROMESA), which Representative Duffy introduced on May 18, 2016. This bill is a revised version of H.R. 4900 , which Representative Duffy had introduced on April 12, 2016. The House Commit... |
train_14718 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Changing a consumer's telephone service provider without his/her knowledge or consent is known as "slamming." This unauthorized change can occur for several reasons ranging from computer or human error to unscrupulous or illegal marketing practices. Regardless of the reason, slamming has a negative impact on both consu... | [
"The significant increase in the unauthorized change of a consumer's telephone service provider, a practice known as slamming, has prompted regulators, Members of Congress, and industry representatives to examine ways to protect consumers against this growing problem. The 105 th Congress held several hearings and i... |
train_14719 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Nearly three decades after the most recent order was placed for a new nuclear power plant in the United States, several utilities are now expressing interest in building a total of up to 30 new reactors. The renewed interest in nuclear power has resulted primarily from higher prices for natural gas, improved operation ... | [
"Construction of new nuclear power plants in the United States was almost unimaginable during the 1980s and 1990s. Vague rumors about possible new reactors would occasionally prompt a flurry of speculation, but they were invariably unfounded. In fact, no reactor has been ordered in the United States since 1978, and... |
train_14720 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Sex trafficking is a state crime. Federal law, however, makes it a federal crime to conduct the activities of a sex trafficking enterprise in a way that affects interstate or foreign commerce or that involves travel in interstate or foreign commerce. Section 1591 of Title 18 of the United States Code outlaws sex traffi... | [
"Sex trafficking is a state crime. Nevertheless, it is also a federal crime when it involves conducting the activities of a sex trafficking enterprise in a way that affects interstate or foreign commerce or that involves travel in interstate or foreign commerce. Section 1591 of Title 18 of the United States Code ou... |
train_14721 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Although the 11th recession of the postwar period officially ended in June 2009, one economic indicator that is very visible in people's daily lives—the unemployment rate—has continued to rise. With the unemployment rate at 9.8% in November 2010, those still employed or able to find jobs are quite likely to know person... | [
"Although the 11 th recession of the postwar period officially ended in June 2009, one economic indicator that is very visible in people's daily lives—the unemployment rate—has continued to rise. With the unemployment rate at 9.8% in November 2010, those still employed or able to find jobs are quite likely to know ... |
train_14722 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On October 30, 2017, the House Rules Committee posted an amendment in the nature of a substitute for the Community Health And Medical Professionals Improve Our Nation Act of 2017 (CHAMPION Act, H.R. 3922). The amendment considered by the House struck the text of the CHAMPION Act and replaced it with the text of the ame... | [
"O n October 3, 2017, the House Energy and Commerce Committee introduced the Community Health and Medical Professionals Improve Our Nation Act of 2017 (the CHAMPION Act, H.R. 3922 ). This bill was marked up by the committee on October 4, 2017. On October 30, 2017, the House Rules Committee posted an amendment in th... |
train_14723 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Daylight Saving Time (DST) is a period of the year between spring and fall when clocks in most parts of the United States are set one hour ahead of standard time. The time period for DST begins on the second Sunday in March and ends on the first Sunday in November. The beginning and ending dates are set in statute. Con... | [
"Daylight Saving Time (DST) is a period of the year between spring and fall when clocks in most parts of the United States are set one hour ahead of standard time. The beginning and ending dates and times—the second Sunday in March at two o'clock ante meridian and the first Sunday in November at two o'clock ante me... |
train_14724 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The minimum wage under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) is generally applicable to any state, territory, or possession of the United States such as Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Implementation has been gradual, though the ultimate ... | [
"When Congress crafted the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) during 1937 and 1938, there appears to have been little concern about how its provisions might affect the territories and possessions of the United States. Gradually, through various procedures and over different time periods, the federal minimum wage has c... |
train_14725 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Western Hemisphere countries supply the United States with 50% of its imported crude oil. Three countries in the hemisphere—Canada, Mexico, and Venezuela—account for the lion's share. Other significant oil producers in the region include Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Trinidad and Tobago, and Argentina. In terms of proven ... | [
"The United States is the top oil consumer in the world, consuming some 20.7 million barrels of oil per day (mbd) in 2006, according to Department of Energy statistics, with net oil imports accounting for 12.3 mbd or almost 60% of the total. Western Hemisphere countries supplied the United States with about 46% of ... |
train_14726 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On April 4, 2017, the Trump Administration issued National Security Presidential Memorandum (NSPM)-4: Organization of the National Security Council, the Homeland Security Council, and Subcommittees. NSPM-4 details how the executive branch intends to manage and coordinate national and homeland security issues among rele... | [
"The National Security Council (NSC) was established by statute in 1947 to create an interdepartmental body to advise the President on matters of national security. More specifically, the NSC was created to integrate domestic, foreign, and military policies related to national security, and to facilitate cooperatio... |
train_14727 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On March 28, 2017, President Trump signed Executive Order 13783, directing federal agencies to review existing regulations and policies that potentially burden the development or use of domestically produced energy resources. Acting pursuant to the order, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is reviewing and ... | [
"On March 28, 2017, President Trump issued Executive Order 13783, which aims to promote the development or use of domestically produced energy resources. Among its specific provisions, the order rescinded the Obama Administration's \"Climate Action Plan\" (CAP). The CAP aimed to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (... |
train_14728 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The drug package that a community pharmacist hands to a patient, or a hospital pharmacist sends to a patient's bedside, or a physician administers in the medical office has reached the end of a complicated path. That path is called a supply or distribution chain. The upstream portion of the chain includes the journey o... | [
"The prescription drug that you picked up on the way to work this morning may have changed hands many times before the pharmacy clerk handed you the amber vial with its sticker label and perhaps one or two multi-page information inserts about the drug. That means that there were many potential opportunities for you... |
train_14729 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, Congress increased focus on state and local homeland security assistance by, among other things, establishing the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and authorizing DHS to administer federal homeland security grant programs. These homeland security grants have bee... | [
"Congress has enacted legislation and appropriated grant funding to states and localities for homeland security purposes since 1996. One of the first programs to provide this type of funding was the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici Program which was established by Congress in the 1996 Department of Defense Reauthorization Act a... |
train_14730 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Central America has received renewed attention from U.S. policymakers over the past few years as the region has become a major transit corridor for illicit drugs and has surpassed Mexico as the largest source of irregular migration to the United States. These narcotics and migrant flows are the latest symptoms of deep-... | [
"Instability in Central America—particularly the \"Northern Triangle\" nations of El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras—is one of the most pressing challenges for U.S. policy in the Western Hemisphere. These countries are struggling with widespread insecurity, fragile political and judicial systems, and high levels ... |
train_14731 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Gambling, once widely outlawed, is now a regulated, taxed activity that is legal in some form—bingo, card games, slot machines, state-run lotteries, casinos, and even online—in all but two states. Like so many other industries, the gambling industry is being transformed by technology that has begun to shift patronage f... | [
"Gambling, once widely outlawed, is now a heavily regulated, taxed activity that is legal in some form in all states except Hawaii and Utah. No federal legislation governing online gambling has been passed in recent Congresses, but there have been major developments at the state level. Three states and the U.S. Vir... |
train_14732 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Legislation recently passed by the House of Representatives—H.R. 3388—and pending in the Senate—S. 1885—would provide new regulatory tools to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to oversee autonomous vehicles. Autonomous vehicles are seen as a way to reduce motor vehicle crashes; for example, the... | [
"Autonomous vehicles, which would carry out many or all of their functions without the intervention of a driver, may bring sweeping social and economic changes in their wake. The elderly, disabled Americans, urban residents, and those who do not own a car may have new travel options. Travel on public roads and high... |
train_14733 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Social Security covers about 94% of all workers in the United States. Most of the remaining 6% of non-covered workers are public employees. About one-fourth of state and local government employees are not covered by Social Security for various historical and other reasons. The 1935 Social Security Act did not extend co... | [
"Across the United States, about 27.5% of state and local government employees (about 6.6 million persons) work in positions that are not covered by Social Security. Coverage rates vary considerably across states. Congress made Social Security coverage mandatory, starting in July 1991, for most state and local gove... |
train_14734 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In 1933, during the first 100 days of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, the Securities Act of 1933 and the Glass-Steagall Act (GSA) were enacted, setting up a pervasive regulatory scheme for the public offering of securities and generally prohibiting commercial banks from underwriting and dealing in those sec... | [
"In 1933, during the first 100 days of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, the Securities Act of 1933 and the Glass-Steagall Act (GSA) were enacted, setting up a pervasive regulatory scheme for the public offering of securities and generally prohibiting commercial banks from underwriting and dealing in thos... |
train_14735 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Constitution provides Congress with the power to punish and discipline its Members. Since the House Committee on Ethics was created during the 90th Congress, it has been authorized to investigate allegations of misconduct against Members and staff, and if necessary, recommend sanctions that are then considered by t... | [
"The United States Constitution vests Congress with broad authority to discipline its Members. Article I, Section 5, clause 2, provides Congress with the power to \"...determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.\" Init... |
train_14736 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Biopower—a form of renewable energy—is the generation of electric power from biomass feedstocks. In 2014, Biopower comprised about 1.6% of total U.S. electricity generation and accounted for close to 12% of U.S. renewable electricity generation. Its advantages include a potential for baseload power production, greenhou... | [
"Biopower—the production of electricity from biomass feedstocks—contributes to the U.S. electricity portfolio and has done so for more than a century. Biopower comprised approximately 1.6% of total U.S. electricity generation in 2014. By comparison, electricity generated from fossil fuels and nuclear electric power... |
train_14737 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Agriculture appropriations bill funds the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), except for the Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and—in even-numbered fiscal years—the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC). (For CFTC, the Agriculture appropriations subcommittee has jurisdict... | [
"The FY2017 appropriation for Agriculture and Related Agencies was enacted on May 5, 2017, as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act ( P.L. 115-31 , Division A). The fiscal year started on October 1, 2016, under a continuing resolution (CR) that lasted until December 9, 2016 ( P.L. 114-223 , Division C). A sec... |
train_14738 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution provides a right against "unreasonable searches and seizures." To deter the federal and state governments from violating this right, courts have developed an "exclusionary rule," which requires that evidence obtained as a result of an invalid search or seizure be excluded f... | [
"The U.S. Supreme Court recognized in 1803 that in order to maintain a society governed by laws, a legal remedy should accompany each legal right. Toward this end, courts apply various remedies to ensure effective enforcement of constitutional rights. For example, courts sometimes order retrials to remedy violation... |
train_14739 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congressional policymakers are concerned about potential inefficiencies and inefficacies in the operation of the federal government, particularly as it relates to decisions regarding information technology (IT) investments. These concerns have increased as federal IT spending has grown to approximately $70 billion annu... | [
"The federal government spends approximately $70 billion annually on information technology (IT) goods and services. The Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) has the potential to serve as a critical IT management tool for achieving greater efficiencies and breaking down the so-called \"stove pipes\" that separate ... |
train_14740 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Sex trafficking is a state crime. Federal law, however, makes it a federal crime to conduct the activities of a sex trafficking enterprise in a way that affects interstate or foreign commerce or that involves travel in interstate or foreign commerce. Section 1591 of Title 18 of the United States Code outlaws sex traffi... | [
"Sex trafficking is a state crime. Nevertheless, it is also a federal crime when it involves conducting the activities of a sex trafficking enterprise in a way that affects interstate or foreign commerce or that involves travel in interstate or foreign commerce. Section 1591 of Title 18 of the United States Code ou... |
train_14741 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Oregon and California Railroad (O&C) lands consist of 2.6 million acres of timberland in western Oregon. The majority of these lands (2.5 million acres) were originally granted to the Oregon & California Railroad Company in 1866 for constructing approximately 300 miles of the Oregon portion of a railroad from Portl... | [
"The Oregon & California Railroad (O&C) lands consist of 2.6 million acres of timberland in western Oregon (see Figure 1 ). The majority of these lands (2.5 million acres) were originally granted to the Oregon & California Railroad Company in 1866 for constructing approximately 300 miles of the Oregon portion of a ... |
train_14742 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the United States, the term "big oil companies" is likely to be taken to mean the major private international oil companies, largely based in Europe or America. However, while some of those companies are indeed among the largest in the world, by many important measures, a majority of the largest oil companies are st... | [
"In June 2007, ExxonMobil Corporation and ConocoPhillips, two of the largest U.S. oil companies, abandoned their multi-billion dollar investments in the heavy oil deposits of the Orinoco basin in Venezuela. This action followed the breakdown of negotiations between the companies and the government of President Hugo... |
train_14743 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The international investment position of the United States is an annual measure of the assets Americans own abroad and the assets foreigners own in the United States. The net position, or the difference between the two, sometimes is referred to as a measure of U.S. international indebtedness. This designation is not st... | [
"The U.S. international investment position represents the accumulated nominal value of U.S.-owned assets abroad and foreign-owned assets in the United States measured on an annual basis at the end o f the calendar year. Some observers refer to the net of this investment position (or the difference between the valu... |
train_14744 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | To provide funding for discretionary spending programs of the government, Congress generally uses an annual appropriations process. Under congressional rules, when making decisions about the funding of individual items or programs, however, Congress may be constrained by the terms of previously enacted legislation. The... | [
"To provide funding for discretionary spending programs of the government, Congress generally uses an annual appropriations process. Under congressional rules, when making decisions about the funding of individual items or programs, however, Congress may be constrained by the terms of previously enacted legislation... |
train_14745 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress has passed several laws to provide consumers greater access tolocal network television stations, particularly via satellite. The 1988 Satellite Home Viewer Act (SHVA), amendedin1994, was expanded in 1999 with the Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act (SHVIA). SHVIA allows (notrequires) satellite companies to r... | [
"RS20425 -- Satellite Television: Historical Information on SHVIA and LOCAL Updated December 15, 2004 The 1999 Satellite Home Viewer Improvement Act (1) (SHVIA) expands on and extends some provisions of the 1988Satellite Home Viewer Act (SHVA), as amended, regarding consumer reception of television signals via sate... |
train_14746 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Executive orders, presidential memoranda, and proclamations are used extensively by Presidents to achieve policy goals, set uniform standards for managing the executive branch, or outline a policy view intended to influence the behavior of private citizens. The U.S. Constitution does not define these presidential instr... | [
"Executive orders are one vehicle of many through which the President may exercise his authority. While the President's ability to use executive orders as a means of implementing presidential power has been established as a matter of law and practice, it is equally well established that the substance of an executiv... |
train_14747 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On March 31, 2015, after a phone call between President Obama and Egyptian President Abdelfattah al Sisi, the White House announced that beginning in FY2018, the United States would stop providing cash flow financing (CFF) to Egypt. Cash flow financing is the financial mechanism that enables foreign governments to pay ... | [
"Cash flow financing (CFF) is a statutory provision in the Arms Export Control Act that enables presidentially authorized recipients of U.S. foreign military aid to pay for U.S. defense equipment in partial installments over time rather than all at once. Countries which are not authorized by the President to benefi... |
train_14748 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States is responding to the international AIDS pandemic through the President'sEmergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), which includes bilateral programs and contributionsto the multilateral Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria. PEPFAR overall appears ontarget to meet the Administration's five-yea... | [
"In May 2001, President Bush made the founding pledge of $200 million to a new,yet-to-be-named global fund to fight AIDS at a White House Rose Garden ceremony attended byU.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan and Nigeria's President Olusegun Obasanjo. (7) U.S. officials played aprominent role in the subsequent negotiati... |
train_14749 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | "Gang of Four" intelligence notifications generally are oral briefings of certain particularly sensitive non-covert action intelligence activities, including principally, but not exclusively, intelligence collection programs that the intelligence community typically limits to the chairmen and ranking Members of the two... | [
"On November 9, 2012, CIA Director David Petraeus (General, U.S. Army, retired) resigned over admission of an extra-marital affair. Notification of congressional intelligence oversight committees, traditionally provided by means of \"Gang of Four\" or \"Gang of Eight\" briefings, did not occur prior to the public a... |
train_14750 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | As the largest and one of the most influential countries in Latin America, Brazil has emergedas a leading voice for developing countries in setting regional and multilateral trade agendas. TheUnited States and Brazil have cultivated a constructive relationship in pursuit of their respectiveefforts to promote trade libe... | [
"David Ricardo postulated the rationale for free trade some 200 years agowhen he argued that countries could improve their national welfare if they exploitedtheir comparative advantage by exporting those goods at which they were relativelymore efficient at producing and importing the rest. Later arguments for trade... |
train_14751 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report surveys existing law for legal issues that have arisen, or may arise in the future, on account of climate change and government responses thereto. At the threshold of many climate-change-related lawsuits are two barriers—whether the plaintiff has standing to sue and whether the claim being made presents a p... | [
"This report surveys existing law for legal issues that have arisen, or may arise in the future, on account of climate change and government responses thereto. The reader interested in proposals for new laws to deal with climate change is referred to other works. Of course, while this report covers many of the majo... |
train_14752 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides information and analysis on a boycott, divestment, and sanctions ("BDS") movement against Israel. The BDS movement is generally seen as a loose grouping of actors from various countries who advocate or engage in economic measures against Israel or Israel-related individuals or organizations, though... | [
"This report provides information and analysis on the following: Background on a \"BDS\" (boycott, divestment, and sanctions) movement against Israel. Private economic measures and product labeling policies—including those of the United States and European Union (EU)—that \"differentiate\" between (1) Israel in gen... |
train_14753 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 1, 2010, the Defense Department released a report on the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), a legislatively mandated assessment of defense strategy and priorities. The review is the sixth full scale assessment of U.S. defense policy since the end of the Cold War, beginning with the 1990 Base Force analy... | [
"On February 1, 2010, the Defense Department released a report on the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review, a legislatively mandated assessment of defense strategy, force structure, weapons programs, and operations designed to guide defense programming, operational planning, and budgets projected as far as twenty years ... |
train_14754 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Justice Stevens's position on the death penalty has undergone a thorough transformation during his tenure on the Court. Although Stevens initially supported the imposition of the death penalty in accordance with adequately protective state enacted guidelines, over the next 35 years the Justice has voted to narrow the a... | [
"Justice Stevens's position on the death penalty has transformed during his tenure on the Court. Although Stevens initially supported the imposition of the death penalty in accordance with adequately protective state enacted guidelines, over the next 35 years the Justice has voted to narrow the application of the d... |
train_14755 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Section 102(b) of the Arms Export Control Act (AECA) requires the President to impose sanctions on any country that he has determined is a "non-nuclear-weapon state" andhas received or detonated a "nuclear explosive device." Sanctions include prohibitions onforeign assistance; munitions sales and licenses; foreign mili... | [
"The text of � 102(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act under discussion here providesas follows: Except as provided in paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), in the event that the President determines that any country, after the effective date of partB of the Nuclear Proliferation Prevention Act of 1994 -- (B) is a non-n... |
train_14756 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Fueled by stimulus funding in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), electric utilities have accelerated their deployment of smart meters to millions of homes across the United States with help from the Department of Energy's Smart Grid Investment Grant program. As the meters multiply, so do issues ... | [
"Smart meter technology is a key component of the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) that will help the smart grid link the \"two-way flow of electricity with the two-way flow of information.\" Privacy and security concerns surrounding smart meter technology arise from the meters' essential functions, which inc... |
train_14757 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Chinese Communist Party's 17th Congress, held from October 15 to 21, 2007, demonstrated the Party's efforts to try to adapt and redefine itself in the face of emerging economic and social challenges while still trying to maintain its authoritarian one-Party rule. The Congress validated and re-emphasized the priorit... | [
"Periodically (approximately every five years) the Chinese Communist Party holds a Congress, attended by some 2,000 senior Party members, to authorize important policy and leadership decisions within the Party for the coming five years. In addition to authorizing substantive policies, the Party at its Congress sele... |
train_14758 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the FY2016 debate on the level of defense spending, Congress is considering how to stay within the spending limits, or caps, set by the Budget Control Act (BCA). Under the BCA, all defense spending for the defense base budget—excluding amounts designated for "Overseas Contingency Operations" (OCO) or emergencies—is ... | [
"In the current debate on the level of FY2016 defense spending, Congress is considering how to stay within the spending limits, or caps, set by the Budget Control Act (BCA) as amended ( P.L. 112-75 , P.L. 112-240 , P.L. 113-67 ). Under the BCA, all defense spending for the defense base budget—excluding amounts desi... |
train_14759 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has long been accused of unlawfully discriminating against minority and female farmers in the management of its various programs, particularly in its Farm Service Agency loan programs. While USDA has taken concrete steps to address these allegations of discrimination, the resul... | [
"The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has long been accused of unlawfully discriminating against minority and female farmers in the management of its various programs, particularly in its Farm Service Agency loan programs. While USDA has taken concrete steps to address these allegations of discrimination, the ... |
train_14760 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report summarizes provisions of selected legislation—enacted and proposed—that addresses oil spill policy issues raised after the April 20, 2010, explosion and resulting oil spill at the Deepwater Horizon drilling platform in the Gulf of Mexico. The 2010 Gulf oil spill has generated considerable interest in oil sp... | [
"On April 20, 2010, an explosion occurred at the Deepwater Horizon drilling platform in the Gulf of Mexico, resulting in 11 fatalities. The incident disabled the facility and led to a full evacuation before the platform sank into the Gulf on April 22. A significant release of oil at the sea floor was soon discovere... |
train_14761 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | One of the major motivations for the 2017 tax revision (P.L. 115-97) was concern about the international tax system. Issues associated with these rules involved the allocation of investment between the United States and other countries, the loss of revenue due to the artificial shifting of profit out of the United Stat... | [
"O ne of the major motivations for the 2017 tax revision was concern about the international tax system. Issues associated with these rules involved the allocation of investment between the United States and other countries, the loss of revenue due to the artificial shifting of profit out of the United States by mu... |
train_14762 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Drought in the Southeast has brought congressional attention to an ongoing interstate water conflict among Alabama, Florida, and Georgia over water allocation and management of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) basin. Reservoir drawdown and predictions for a continued drought have Georgia's upper basin municip... | [
"In most quarters, conflict in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) basin is considered an aspect of a debate over allocation of scarce water resources. But it might also be considered an aspect of an ongoing debate over the protection of endangered species and allocation of other living resources. This secon... |
train_14763 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On February 13, 2016, Justice Antonin Scalia passed away unexpectedly at the age of 79, vacating a seat on the Supreme Court which he had held for nearly 30 years. Justice Scalia's lengthy tenure on the Court, coupled with his strongly held views on how constitutional and statutory texts are to be interpreted, led him ... | [
"O n February 13, 2016, Justice Antonin Scalia passed away unexpectedly at the age of 79, vacating a seat on the Supreme Court which he had held for nearly 30 years. Justice Scalia's lengthy tenure on the Court, coupled with his strongly held views on how constitutional and statutory texts are to be interpreted, le... |
train_14764 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The United States has long recognized the dangers inherent in the spread of nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) weapons, and missiles. This report, which analyzes NBC weapons programs potential threat patterns around the globe, is updated as needed. The total number of nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons in t... | [
"In the mid-1990s, the primary threat posed by NBC weapons to the United States shifted from an all-out U.S.-Russian strategic exchange to less overwhelming, but more numerous and perhaps less predictable threats. The dissolution of the Soviet Union had turned some Russian weapons of mass destruction (WMD) strength... |
train_14765 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | By all accounts, the U.S. military dominates state-on-state conflict. In the past, non-stateactors (terrorists, guerrillas, drug traffickers) appeared to be less threatening to U.S. national securitythan the well funded, well organized, and potent armed forces of an enemy nation-state. The terroristattacks of September... | [
"By all accounts, the U.S. military dominates state-on-state conflict. The United States has notfaced a true peer military competitor since the Soviet Union disintegrated. Recent conflicts, such asPanama, Libya, Iraq (Desert Storm) Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq (Iraqi Freedom) illustratethat U.S. armed forc... |
train_14766 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The President makes appointments to certain positions within the federal government, either using authorities granted to the President alone or with the advice and consent of the Senate. There are some 151 full-time leadership positions on 34 federal regulatory and other collegial boards and commissions for which the S... | [
"The President is responsible for appointing individuals to certain positions in the federal government. In some instances, the President makes these appointments using authorities granted to the President alone. Other appointments, generally referred to with the abbreviation PAS, are made by the President with the... |
train_14767 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Financing the obligations of the United States has always been a central concern of Congress and the President. If policy decisions and economic conditions lead to levels of government spending which exceed revenue collection, the government will incur debt. Levels of federal debt are reported in terms of debt held by ... | [
"Congress debates the appropriate level of spending and revenues in every fiscal year through the budget and appropriations process. If resulting policy decisions, along with prevailing economic conditions, lead to levels of government spending which exceed revenue collection, the government will incur a budget def... |
train_14768 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Congress has been actively engaged in efforts to reauthorize the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), most recently amended by the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB; P.L. 107-110). It is anticipated that the 113th Congress may continue to work on ESEA reauthorization issues. As part of the reauthorization debate... | [
"Congress has been actively engaged in efforts to reauthorize the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), most recently amended by the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB; P.L. 107-110 ). During the 113 th Congress, both the House and Senate have considered legislation to reauthorize the ESEA. On June 12, 2013, t... |
train_14769 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | President Barack Obama's Administration and a number of Members of Congress welcomed Malawian President Joyce Banda's accession to power, largely because she reversed a number of controversial decisions taken by her predecessor, Bingu wa Mutharika. Banda succeeded him after he died in early April 2012 while serving a c... | [
"Political challenges facing Malawian President Joyce Banda have mounted in recent months, following a brief political honeymoon after she succeeded Bingu wa Mutharika, her predecessor, after he died in April 2012. In March 2013, there were street clashes between supporters of Banda and the political opposition aft... |
train_14770 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Final congressional action on the FY2003 legislative branch bill was completed on February 13, 2003, when both houses agreed to the conference report on H.J.Res. 2 , the FY2003omnibus appropriations resolution. The President signed the resolution into law on February 20( P.L. 108-7 ) Division H of P.L. 108-7 contains $... | [
"On February 20, 2003, the President signed into law H.J.Res. 2 , FY2003 OmnibusAppropriations Act, containing FY2003 legislative branch appropriations language ( P.L. 108-7 ). The Senate adopted its version of the FY2003 language as an amendment introduced by Senator TedStevens on January 12, 2003. The Senate and ... |
train_14771 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Since 2005, the Energy and Water Development (E&W) appropriations bill has funded all Department of Energy (DOE) programs, including those operated by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE). That office conducts two types of programs: research and development (R&D), usually conducted in partnership... | [
"The Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) of the Department of Energy (DOE) invests in high-risk, potentially high-value research, development, and deployment (RD&D) in the fields of energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies. EERE also manages a portfolio of grant programs that support ... |
train_14772 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Prior to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, insurance covering terrorism losses was normally included in commercial insurance policies without additional cost to the policyholders. Following the attacks, this ceased to be the case as insurers and reinsurers pulled back from offering terrorism coverage. Some fea... | [
"Prior to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, insurance covering terrorism losses was normally included in general insurance policies without additional cost to the policyholders. Following the attacks, both primary insurers and reinsurers pulled back from offering terrorism coverage. Because insurance is re... |
train_14773 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Early in the 110th Congress, the Chairmen of the House and Senate Judiciary Committees introduced essentially identical versions of the Court Security Improvement Act of 2007 (H.R. 660 and S. 378), which mirrored legislation that the Senate passed at the close of the 109th Congress. Each house reported (S.Rept. 110-42;... | [
"It is a federal crime: (1) to assault, kidnap or kill a federal judge during or on account of the performance of his or her duties; or (2) to assault, kidnap, or murder an immediate member of a federal judge's family with the intent to obstruct (or retaliate for) the judge's performance of his or her duties; or (3... |
train_14774 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | On April 1, 2014, House Budget Committee Chairman Paul Ryan released the chairman's mark of the FY2015 House budget resolution together with his non-binding report entitled The Path to Prosperity: Fiscal Year 2015 Budget Resolution, which outlines his budgetary objectives. The House Budget Committee considered and amen... | [
"On April 1, 2014, Representative Paul Ryan, the chairman of the House Budget Committee, released the chairman's mark of the FY2015 House budget resolution. Additional detail on budgetary objectives and justifications was provided in Chairman Ryan's report entitled The Path to Prosperity: Fiscal Year 2015 Budget Re... |
train_14775 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report monitors actions taken by the 108th Congress on FY2005 appropriations for the Departments of Commerce, Justice, and State, the judiciary and related agencies (often referred to as the CJS appropriations). The Administration requested $43.216 billion for CJS appropriations in its FY2005 budget request sent t... | [
"The 2005 appropriation for Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies, which was incorporated into the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2004 ( P.L. 108-447 ), was signed into law on December 8, 2004. The Conference Report (H. Rept 108-792) was approved by both the Senate and the House on Novem... |
train_14776 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The explosion of the Deepwater Horizon oil rig and subsequent oil spill into the Gulf of Mexico has led to substantial damages, particularly in the form of lost wages and income. BP has begun to make interim payments to compensate for lost income resulting from the oil spill. Individuals and businesses impacted by the ... | [
"The explosion of the Deepwater Horizon oil rig and subsequent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico have led to substantial damages, particularly in the form of lost wages and income. BP has made payments for claims to compensate for losses resulting from the oil spill and established an escrow fund to pay future claims... |
train_14777 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Social Security is formally known as the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. This report focuses on the Survivors Insurance component of Social Security. When workers die, their spouses, former spouses, and dependents may qualify for Social Security survivors benefits. This report describes ho... | [
"T he Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program, better known as Social Security, is administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA). The Survivors Insurance component of OASDI covers insured workers in case of death. When a worker insured by Social Security dies, his or her family may q... |
train_14778 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Military action in Iraq disrupted the world's crude oil supplies, but sufficient world supply was available during the disruption to keep the resulting price spikes within tolerable levels. With theelimination of the regime of Saddam Hussein, the resumption of Iraqi oil exports seems near, worldoil prices have fallen, ... | [
"Military action in Iraq raised concerns about disruption of the world's crude oil supplies. Themagnitude and duration of that disruption were key considerations in formulating a U.S. energypolicy response. But the quantity of oil supply lost during the most recent Iraq conflict has beenmuch smaller than during the... |
train_14779 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The People's Republic of China (PRC) has the world's largest number of Internet users, estimated at 500 million people. Despite government efforts to limit the flow of online news, Chinese Internet users are able to access unprecedented amounts of information, and political activists have utilized the web as a vital co... | [
"The People's Republic of China (PRC) has the world's largest number of Internet users, estimated at 500 million people, including an estimated 300 million people with accounts on Twitter-like microblogging sites. Despite government efforts to limit the flow of information, Chinese Internet users are able to access... |
train_14780 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Energy Information Administration in its Short-Term Energy and Winter Fuels Outlook (STEWFO) for the 2008-2009 winter heating season initially warned consumers of the likelihood of higher heating costs. Average expenditures for those heating with natural gas were forecasted to see their expenditures rise by more th... | [
"The Energy Information Administration (EIA), in its October 2008 Short-Term Energy and Winter Fuels Outlook (STEWFO), warned consumers that not only might they expect the prices of natural gas, heating oil, propane, and electricity to be higher in the winter of 2008-2009 compared to those of 2007-2008, but that th... |
train_14781 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Madagascar, an Indian Ocean island country, ranks among the world's poorest countries; is the world's fourth-largest island; and is extremely biologically diverse, with thousands of unique species of flora and fauna. It has experienced political instability since early 2009, initiated by tensions between the country's ... | [
"On June 14, 2012, Andry Rajoelina, the president of Madagascar's unelected transitional government, the High Transitional Authority (HAT, its French acronym), agreed to meet with Marc Ravalomanana, the country's former, most recently elected president. Ravalomanana was ousted by a Rajoelina-led coalition of civili... |
train_14782 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report provides an overview of S. 852, the Fairness in Asbestos Injury Resolution (FAIR) Act of 2005. The bill would largely remove asbestos claims from the courts in favor of the no-fault administrative process set out in the bill. The bill would establish the Office of Asbestos Disease Compensation to award dama... | [
"Claims of asbestos-related injury have flooded the courts since the 1970s, but litigation has proven to be an inadequate means to resolving all the claims. The Supreme Court has twice struck down attempted global asbestos settlements, in both instances inviting Congress to craft a legislative solution. In an attem... |
train_14783 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Higher Education Amendments (HEA) of 1998 added a provision to the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, to suspend eligibility for federal student assistance (grants, loans, or work assistance under Title IV of the HEA) for any student who is convicted of a state or federal offense for the sale or possession o... | [
"The Higher Education Amendments (HEA) of 1998 ( P.L. 105-244 ) added a provision, Section 484(r), to the Higher Education Act of 1965 to suspend eligibility for federal student aid (grants, loans or work assistance under Title IV of the HEA) to students who were convicted for the sale or possession of a controlled... |
train_14784 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Immigration is a leading policy concern for many countries around the world, including the United States. Members of Congress have for several years had immigration policy as one of their main legislative issues. Yet, determining an optimal immigration policy has grown increasingly complex as economic, cultural, and se... | [
"Immigration is a leading policy concern for many countries around the world. Improvements in technology, the fluidity of capital, increases in foreign direct investments, and other economic developments have increased the economic interdependence among countries. Lower-cost transportation and faster communication ... |
train_14785 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) (P.L. 108-173) addressed the rising costs of prescription drugs for the elderly by providing a mechanism for beneficiaries to obtain affordable prescription drug insurance coverage. The Medicare prescription drug benefit, otherwise known a... | [
"One of the motivating factors for Congress to create Medicare Part D in the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) ( P.L. 108-173 ) was seniors' rising out-of-pocket drug costs. Prior to MMA, 38% of Medicare beneficiaries did not have drug insurance coverage. People without su... |
train_14786 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administers and supervises several life insurance programs for active servicemembers and veterans. The VA supervises the Servicemembers' Group Life Insurance (SGLI) and Veterans' Group Life Insurance (VGLI) programs, which are administered by the Office of Servicemembers' Group L... | [
"The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has administered and supervised several life insurance programs for servicemembers and veterans since 1919. Currently, three VA life insurance programs that provide benefits to the families of servicemembers and veterans are still enrolling new policyholders. These programs ... |
train_14787 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Enacted on December 18, 2015, Title II of Division G of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113; H.R. 2029) provided $8.14 billion for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for FY2016. The act appropriated funding for the full fiscal year through September 30, 2016, for the 12 regular appropriations... | [
"P.L. 114-113 ( H.R. 2029 ) , the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 201 6 , was signed into law on December 18, 2015. The act i ncluded all 12 regular appropriations acts . P.L. 114-113 provided a total of $8.14 billion for the Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) in Title II of Di vision G —Department of the Int... |
train_14788 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Authorization for the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), a "sunset" agency established in 1974, expired on September 30, 2005. In the past, Congress has used the reauthorization process to consider amendments to the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA), which provides the basis for federal regulation of commodity fut... | [
"Futures contracts—like other financial derivatives such as options or swaps—gain or lose value as the price of some underlying commodity rises or falls. They allow traders to invest in corn, gold, or T-bills without actually owning the underlying commodities themselves. Futures can be used to avoid, or \"hedge,\" ... |
train_14789 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | U.S. ratification of the United Nations (U.N.) Convention on the Rights of the Child (hereinafter referred to as CRC or the Convention) may be a key area of focus during the 114th Congress, particularly if President Barack Obama seeks the advice and consent of the Senate. Background and Current Status CRC is an interna... | [
"The 114 th Congress may demonstrate an interest in U.S. ratification of the United Nations (U.N.) Convention on the Rights of the Child (hereinafter referred to as CRC or the Convention), particularly if the Obama Administration submits it to the Senate for its advice and consent. CRC is an international treaty th... |
train_14790 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In the aftermath of presidentially declared disasters, Congress has used a variety of programs to help states and local governments finance recovery efforts, among them the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program. Over the years, Congress has appropriated supplemental CDBG funds to assist states and communitie... | [
"The CDBG program, administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), is the federal government's largest and most widely available source of financial assistance to support state and local government-directed neighborhood revitalization, housing rehabilitation, and economic development activiti... |
train_14791 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Whether and when noncitizens may receive particular types of government assistance can be difficult to ascertain because of the various federal, state, and local laws governing their eligibility for such assistance. The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 was enacted to esta... | [
"Congress's interest in the receipt of government assistance by noncitizens dates back to at least 1882, when the country's first general immigration law excluded aliens who were deemed \"likely to become a public charge\" after they came to the United States. The term public charge has historically meant persons w... |
train_14792 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Authorities may enter and search a home without a warrant if they have probable cause and reason to believe that evidence is being destroyed within the home. So declared the United States Supreme Court in an 8-1 decision, Kentucky v. King, 131 S.Ct. 1849 (2011)(No. 09-1272). The Kentucky Supreme Court had overturned Ki... | [
"The United States Supreme Court recently held that the police may enter and search a home without the usually required warrant if they reasonably believe steps are being taken within the home to destroy the evidence they seek, Kentucky v. King . In doing so, the Court rejected limitations which some of the state a... |
train_14793 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Recent high petroleum prices, and the related economic burden on consumers and energy-intensive industries, has raised the issue of stimulating domestic supplies of crude oil. One possible source is the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), which is estimated to contain significant quantities of ... | [
"Recent high petroleum prices, and the economic burden on consumers and energy-intensive industries, has raised the issue of stimulating domestic supplies of crude oil. One possible source is the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), which is estimated to contain significant quantities of oil... |
train_14794 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Federal agencies often collect information from the public to accomplish their missions, but those information collection requirements can also impose a substantial paperwork burden on the public. The Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. §§ 3501-3520) established the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OI... | [
"Federal agencies often must collect information from the public to accomplish their missions. For example, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) collects information from taxpayers and their employers to know the correct amount of taxes owed. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) within the Department of Labor collect... |
train_14795 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Energy and Water Development appropriations bill in the past included funding for civil works projects of the Army Corps of Engineers (Corps), the Department of the Interior's Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), most of the Department of Energy (DOE), and a number of independent agencies. For FY2006, the Congress reorgani... | [
"The Bush Administration's FY2007 budget request was released in February 2006. The request followed the reorganization of appropriations subcommittees in 2005, in which the Energy and Water Development appropriations bill acquired Department of Energy (DOE) programs that previously had been included in the appropr... |
train_14796 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | In general, corporate inversions are transactions in which a U.S. corporation "inverts" its ownership structure so that it now has a foreign parent. There are various ways in which this can be achieved. Corporate inversions have been controversial because it appears, in at least some cases, the primary motivation is th... | [
"At its most basic level, corporate inversions are transactions in which a U.S. company changes its ownership structure so it now has a foreign parent. There are various ways in which this can be achieved. Corporate inversions can result in U.S. tax savings, in part because the United States taxes domestic corporat... |
train_14797 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | The Treasury, Postal Service, Executive Office of the President, and General Government FY2002 appropriation, P.L. 107-67 , totals $32.4 billion. Congressional Budget Office scorekeepingputs the totals at $32.8 billion ($15.7 billion mandatory and $17.1 discretionary. The House passedan appropriation totaling $32.7 bil... | [
"P.L. 107-67 ( H.R. 2590 ), Department of the Treasury, Postal Service, ExecutiveOffice of the President, and General Government Appropriations for FY2002, was approved by thePresident November 12. Congress has received several messages from the President allocating funds from the Emergency Response Fund by P.L. 10... |
train_14798 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | This report discusses FY2016 appropriations (discretionary budget authority) for the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and Bureau of the Census (Census Bureau), which make up the Economics and Statistics Administration (ESA) in the U.S. Department of Commerce. The report will not be updated. The FY2016 budget request f... | [
"This report discusses the FY2016 budget request, related congressional actions, and appropriations (discretionary budget authority) for the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and Bureau of the Census (Census Bureau). These entities make up the Economics and Statistics Administration (ESA) in the U.S. Department of ... |
train_14799 | Write a detailed summary of the following government report. | Thermoelectric generating plants and manufacturing facilities withdraw large volumes of water for production and, especially, to absorb heat from their industrial processes. Water withdrawals by power producers and manufacturers represent more than one-half of water withdrawn daily for various uses in the United States... | [
"Thermoelectric generating plants and many manufacturing facilities withdraw large volumes of water for use in production and, especially, to absorb waste heat from their industrial processes. Water withdrawals by electric generating plants, used primarily for cooling, are the largest category by sector in the Unit... |
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