🌐 WebRetriever: A Large-Scale Comprehensive Benchmark for Efficient Web Agent Evaluation

ECCV 2026

📃 Paper • 🏆 Leaderboard • 💻 Code

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Overview

Existing web agent evaluation suffers from three key limitations: (1) insufficient benchmark coverage — offline benchmarks lack real-world fidelity, while online benchmarks remain limited in website scale, domain diversity, and intent variety, leading to biased and overly optimistic assessments; (2) unscalable evaluation methods — human annotation is costly and impractical at scale, and current automated approaches lack sufficient accuracy on complex queries; (3) narrow evaluation dimensions — existing protocols fail to systematically assess agents' ability to leverage external knowledge and execute end-to-end workflows required for real-world deployment. WebRetriever addresses all three gaps through large-scale diverse benchmarking, a reliable automated evaluation method, and deployment-oriented evaluation protocols.

Dataset

Comparison with Existing Benchmarks

Intent-Type	Benchmarks	Setting	Online	Interactive	Websites	Tasks
General	MiniWoB	Synthetic	❌	✔️	100	100
	MiniWoB++	Synthetic	❌	✔️	100	100
	WebArena	Semi-real	❌	✔️	4	812
	VisualWebArena	Semi-real	❌	✔️	3	910
	REAL	Semi-real	❌	✔️	11	112
	WebLINX	Real	❌	❌	155	1,368
	Mind2Web	Real	❌	❌	137	1,341
	Mind2Web-Live	Real	✔️	✔️	46	104
	MMInA	Real	✔️	✔️	14	1,050
	AssistantBench	Real	✔️	✔️	258	214
	WebVoyager	Real	✔️	✔️	15	643
	Bearcubs	Real	✔️	✔️	108	111
	Online-Mind2Web	Real	✔️	✔️	136	300
Professional	WebShop	Semi-real	❌	✔️	1	500
	ST-WebAgentBench	Semi-real	❌	✔️	3	222
	Wonderbread	Semi-real	❌	✔️	4	598
	WorkArena	Real	✔️	✔️	5	33
	WorkArena++	Real	✔️	✔️	5	682
	OmniACT	Real	✔️	✔️	27	736
General & Professional	WebRetriever	Real	✔️	✔️	800	1,550

Three Evaluation Protocols (1,550 tasks)

Protocol	Description
Protocol I	Navigation-only: reach the target page based on task description (1,000 tasks)
Protocol II	Navigation with operational documentation as guidance (1,000 tasks)
Protocol III	End-to-end: navigation + information extraction (100 tasks)

Notably, Protocols I and II share 550 overlapping tasks, with the sole difference being the availability of operational documentation.

Citation

@inproceedings{dong2026webretriever,
  title={WebRetriever: A Large-Scale Comprehensive Benchmark for Efficient Web Agent Evaluation},
  author={Dong, Wei and Fu, Tianyu and Yu, Zhe and Wang, Hanning and Su, Anyang and Fang, Zhizhou and Chen, Yuyang and Wang, Shuo and Wu, Minghui and Jiang, Ping and others},
  booktitle={European Conference on Computer Vision},
  pages={507--524},
  year={2026},
  organization={Springer}
}

License

This dataset is released under the CC BY 4.0 license.