YUE-PUB

This repo contains the data for our AACL-IJCNLP 2026 paper YUE-PUB: A Cantonese Pragmatic Understanding Benchmark (https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-aacl.1/).

The benchmark consists of 14 tasks collected from 7 existing pragmatic datasets, covering different forms of pragmatic reasoning, including response classification, implicature recovery, figurative language understanding, presupposition inference, and reference resolution.

Task Description

The benchmark consists of 14 pragmatic understanding tasks, which are grouped into three major pragmatic phenomena.

Task ID	Phenomenon	Description	Source
Task 1–2	Implicature	Response Classification	CIRCA
Task 3	Implicature	Response Classification	CIRCA
Task 4	Implicature	Implicature Recovery	GRICE
Task 5–6	Implicature	Agreement / Sarcasm Detection	FigQA
Task 7	Implicature	Figurative Language Understanding	FLUTE
Task 8–9	Implicature	Figurative Language Understanding	FLUTE
Task 10	Implicature	Implicature Natural Language Inference (NLI)	IMPPRES
Task 11	Presupposition	Presupposition Natural Language Inference (NLI)	IMPPRES
Task 12	Presupposition	Presupposition Question Answering	DailyDialog
Task 13	Reference	Deictic Question Answering	GRICE
Task 14	Reference	Reference Resolution via Metonymy	Metonymy

Data Description

This is a dataset suitable for the Cantonese pragmatic understanding task with multiple-choice question answering.

All datasets are stored in the dataset/ folder.

• The benchmark covers 3 major pragmatic phenomena.

phenomena = [
    "implicature",
    "presupposition",
    "reference"
]

• The benchmark consists of 14 tasks collected from 7 existing pragmatic datasets.

sources = [
    "CIRCA",
    "GRICE",
    "FigQA",
    "FLUTE",
    "IMPPRES",
    "DailyDialog",
    "Metonymy"
]

• Each instance contains the dialogue context, question, answer options, ground-truth answer, and the corresponding speech recording. An example is shown below.

{
    "id": "0",
    "context": "背景：X同Y係星期五放工時間差唔多嘅同事。",
    "question": "問：想唔想我順便車你返屋企？",
    "response": "答：我想我自己車我自己返屋企。",
    "options": [
        "直接回答",
        "間接回答"
    ],
    "answer": "直接回答"
}

Citation

@inproceedings{wu-etal-2026-yue,
    title = "{YUE}-{PUB}: A {C}antonese Pragmatic Understanding Benchmark",
    author = "Wu, Chengyan  and
      Gong, Ziwei  and
      Chen, Jinzhi  and
      Wen, Yajie and
      Su, Mengmeng  and
      Xue, Yun  and
      Ma, Bolei",
    editor = "Zhang, Yue  and
      Xu, Ruifeng  and
      Purwarianti, Ayu  and
      Rong, Tong  and
      Suzuki, Jun",
    booktitle = "Findings of the {A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics: {IJCNLP}-{AACL} 2026",
    month = nov,
    year = "2026",
    address = "Hengqin, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-aacl.1/",
    pages = "1--22",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-444-6",
}