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Workplace Software and Skills SENIOR CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS TAMMIE BOLLING, PELLISSIPPI STATE COMMUNITY COLLEGE ANGELA MITCHELL, WILMINGTON COLLEGE TANYA SCOTT, SOUTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY/UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GLOBAL CAMPUS NYROBI WHEELER, BELLEVUE UNIVERSITY
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OpenStax Rice University 6100 Main Street MS-375 Houston, Texas 77005 To learn more about OpenStax, visit https://openstax.org. Individual print copies and bulk orders can be purchased through our website. ©2023 Rice University. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4....
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OPENSTAX OpenStax provides free, peer-reviewed, openly licensed textbooks for introductory college and Advanced Placement® courses and low-cost, personalized courseware that helps students learn. A nonprofit ed tech initiative based at Rice University, we’re committed to helping students access the tools they need to ...
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Begin your learning journey and succeed in your future workplace with OpenStax Kinetic! Learn with us today! openstax.org/kinetic Ready to enhance your Workplace Software and Skills learning experience? OpenStax Kinetic, OpenStax's free online learning research platform, empowers you to master crucial ski...
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CONTENTS Preface 1 Technology in Everyday Life and Business 71 Chapter Scenario 7 1.1Computing from Inception to Today 8 1.2Computer Hardware and Networks 28 1.3The Internet, Cloud Computing, and the Internet of Things 32 1.4Safety, Security, Privacy, and the Ethical Use of Technology 47 Chapter Review 52 Essentials of...
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4.5Working with Graphics and Text Tools in Google Docs 292 4.6Managing Long Documents in Google Docs 311 Chapter Review 321 Advanced Document Preparation 3295 Chapter Scenario 329 5.1Creating Different Document Types in Microsoft Word 330 5.2Mail Merge in Microsoft Word 346 5.3Creating Forms in Microsoft Word 353 5.4Cr...
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Working with Spreadsheets 5959 Chapter Scenario 595 9.1Microsoft Excel Basics 596 9.2Text and Numbers in Microsoft Excel 604 9.3Calculations and Basic Formulas in Microsoft Excel 610 9.4Formatting and Templates in Microsoft Excel 615 9.5Google Sheets Basics 627 9.6Text and Numbers in Google Sheets 633 9.7Calculations a...
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13.2Microsoft Access: Main Features and Navigation 868 13.3Querying a Database 877 13.4Maintaining Records in a Database 895 13.5Creating Reports in Microsoft Access 903 13.6Creating Forms in Microsoft Access 911 Chapter Review 921 Advanced Database Use 93114 Chapter Scenario 931 14.1Advanced Queries in Microsoft Acces...
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Preface About OpenStax OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit charitable corporation. As an educational initiative, it's our mission to improve educational access and learning for everyone. Through our partnerships with philanthropic organizations and our alliance with other educational res...
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By teaching their basic and advanced features, users of all levels can learn the skills necessary for success in their jobs. Applications covered in depth from Microsoft 365 include Word, PowerPoint, Excel, and Access, as well as overviews of integrations with Outlook, Calendar, and Teams. Applications covered in depth...
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Key Terms Key terms are bold and are followed by a definition in context. Definitions of key terms are also listed in the Glossary, which appears at the end of the chapter. Assessments A variety of assessments allow instructors to confirm core conceptual understanding, elicit brief explanations that demonstrate student...
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development through travel opportunities. Dr. Mitchell holds a master's degree in Business Administration and a doctorate in Operations Research. Dr. Mitchell is involved in her local community by serving on several nonprofit boards and volunteering regularly for community events. Prior to Wilmington College, Dr. Mitch...
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Glenn McQueary, Houston Community College Heather Beatty, Ashworth College John Christie, Regis College Julie Goff Lindsey, Linn Benton Community College Laura Bantz, McHenry County College Lawrence Chui, University of St. Thomas Lisa Breaux, San Jacinto College Mariya Breyter, New York University Michael MacLeod, Aust...
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Figure2 Visit our academic integrity slider (https://www.openstax.org/r/academic-integrity-slider). Click and drag icons along the continuum to align these practices with your institution and course policies. You may then include the graphic on your syllabus, present it in your first course meeting, or create a handout...
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Figure1.1 Today’s workspaces represent decades of advances in technology. Portable personal computers, cellular communications, tablets, and advances in artificial intelligence have changed the way people do their jobs. (credit: modification of "Home office, Computer, Desk" by Pexels/Pixabay, CC0) Chapter Outline 1.1Co...
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1.1 Computing from Inception to Today Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Explain the evolution of computing in the workplace • Explain the rise of computing for personal use • Discuss the use of technology in today’s workplace • Describe key technologies in mobile devices, digital im...
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Hollerith went on to improve the initial punch card system and eventually founded IBM, one of the first major computing companies. Figure1.3 (a) Jacquard’s loom, which performed calculations using a punch card system, was an early development in computing, as was (b) Herman Hollerith’s punch-card tabulating machine, fo...
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Figure1.4 Grace Hopper, shown here in 1960 with a UNIVAC computer, earned her PhD in mathematics and went on to an illustrious career in computer science. (credit: “Grace Hopper and UNIVAC” by Public.Resource.Org/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) SPOTLIGHT ON ETHICS Grace Hopper: A Pioneer in Computer Science Historically, science, t...
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to focus on developing software and an operating system for the new computers. It is also when Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak founded Apple, creating the Apple I computer with a single circuit board. Xerox’s revolutionary Alto computer, shown in Figure 1.5, introduced in 1973, included a screen resembling those we use to...
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Figure1.6 Computing technology has transformed the modern workspace. People no longer have to be “in the office.” (credit: “left”: modification of work by Cory Zanker; credit “center”: modification of work by “@Saigon”/Flickr; credit “right”: modification of work by Daniel Lobo) Computing for Personal Use By the 1970s,...
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In the early 1980s, personal computers were made available to the average consumer through retailers such as Sears and Radio Shack. In 1981, IBM introduced a personal computer—first kno wn by the code name “Acorn” and subsequently renamed the IBM PC—that included the Micr osoft operating system and Office software, as ...
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Technology Today The rapid trajectory of innovations in computing has forever changed today’s workplace, where computing power is at our fingertips. It is difficult to imagine any industry that doesn’t depend on computing technology as an integral part of its business. Some of the more basic technologies that are prese...
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the elderly. This virtual option has not only added convenience, but has also improved communication between patient and provider, increased speed of care, and allowed patients to take a better informed and more active role in addressing their own health-care needs. And, of course, the use of virtual technology for hea...
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REAL-WORLD APPLICATION Technology and Food Trucks Food trucks have been growing in popularity in the early decades of the twenty-first century. In fact, the food truck industry has grown at a faster rate than traditional restaurants. The availability of technology has helped foster this growth, especially in two areas:...
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large-company executives who could afford the purchase price as well as the $50-per-month plan to use the device. But they underestimated the appeal of the cell phone. Sales far exceeded projections, and the concept of the cell phone quickly replaced the unwieldy mobile car phones of the past. The overwhelming demand, ...
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battle for market share. At the end of 2022, the Android operating system had a majority share of the market worldwide (nearly 72 percent). Today, nearly 90 percent of Americans own a cell phone; of those, nearly 60 percent are smartphones. LINK TO LEARNING It seems that people are either iPhone users or Android device...
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Figure1.13 Kirsch took a photo of his son Walden and was able to capture the image digitally using binary digits. Part (a) shows the digital scan of Walden Kirsch from (b), the original photo. (credit a: modification of “NBSFirstScanImage” by Russell A. Kirsch/ Wikimedia Commons, Public Domain; credit b: modification o...
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new products to consumers and to allow consumers to interact with a new product concept. Even small businesses have capitalized on the technology, which enables them to bring ideas in front of consumers quickly without the expense of creating an actual prototype of the product. This concept has application across a wid...
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new game concepts were developed. At times, these new game concepts contained what some considered to be inappropriate language and situations. The American Psychological Association even considers the playing of violent video games as a risk factor for aggression. The violence in video games prompted a congressional h...
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soon as they enter the market. Figure1.15 (a) Historically, the rate of adoption for new technologies has taken decades. (b) Now, new products to the market reach more than a 50 percent adoption rate in just a few years. (credit a and b: modification of work by Our World in Data, CC BY 4.0) Computers today typically do...
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takes to get fifty million users for a product. Radio took thirty-eight years after its invention to become that popular, while the hit game Angry Birds needed only about thirty-eight days to reach that milestone. Figure 1.16 shows some common products and how long each of them took to reach the same milestone. Figure1...
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on the brain. The use of robots in the workplace can reduce errors, increase safety, enhance productivity, and reduce time spent on routine tasks for employees. Robotics has been a part of the manufacturing environment for some time. But today we see increasingly unique applications of robotics in the workplace. For ex...
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energy and activity statistics” by Marco Verch/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) Some professional athletes use wearables to improve performance and track incidences of concussions. Wearables for children are becoming more popular for location tracking. The possibilities are endless. It is estimated that there are nearly a billion we...
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strategic tasks as opposed to more routine and mundane responsibilities such as sending invoices or even turning on the office lights. Job satisfaction can be increased by giving employees more control over their workspaces. A unique application of the technology is its use in schools, which is being piloted in Texas w...
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resources field may have spent hours sifting through résumés for contact information to schedule interviews. With technology, this process can be automated, freeing up time for the employee to focus on more meaningful tasks such as interviewing candidates and decision making. In a manufacturing environment, technology ...
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enjoy in your personal life. For example, suppose you really enjoy genealogy and local history. Perhaps you decide you want to learn more about the history of your hometown. For local history, you might visit the local historical society or find internet resources about the history of your hometown. Then, you can deter...
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even the heating and cooling systems in our homes incorporate computer technology that enables us to send and receive information from these devices. Today’s smartphones are essentially minicomputers. How Computers Work Most computers consist of a few basic elements. The motherboardis the hardware that runs communicati...
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selecting computers, they’ll investigate some basic functions that have to do with how fast the devices process information and how well they store data. The information processing cycleis the sequence of events involved in processing information—input, pr ocessing, storage, and output: • Input consists of entering the...
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complex, self-contained within a small area like your home or dispersed over a large geographic area. These different types of networks are called personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), and wide area networks (WANs). Personal area networks typically connect personal computers and devices within a sm...
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individual’s identity for economic gain. The increase of hackers, individuals who gain unauthorized access to computer systems in an attempt to steal someone’s information, has become a major issue and has led to the development of such software programs as Norton Antivirus and LifeLock to protect consumers’ identities...
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switching circuit to wirelessly connect computers in a network. The telephone system would allow these computers to communicate with one another, exchange data, and run shared programs. Researchers and engineers from both the public and the private sector came together to form the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARP...
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domain name. With the DNS, the foundation of the World Wide Web (WWW) was put into place. The term internet simply refers to the interconnected computers, a network that now extends across the world. The WWW is the content that has been collected over the internet and is available online. By 1981, the network had grown...
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Figure1.23 Major milestones in the creation of the internet came in layers. LINK TO LEARNING HTML is used to create web pages. The information is contained behind the scenes and is used to format text and the layout of the page. Read this article about HTML and the process used (https://openstax.org/r/ 78HTMLProcess) t...
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without the internet, even routine tasks can seem impossible. For example, some companies can be contacted only via the internet, so you may need internet access to even apply for a job. Because of the global nature of the internet, it might be assumed that everyone has access in some way. But even in the United States...
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Conducting Effective Searches Conducting searches on the internet is straightforward, but there are some techniques that will make your searches more effective. Because of the vast amount of information available on the internet, incorporating some simple changes to your search strategies can make a huge difference. Yo...
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MAC TIP To search within a web page on a Mac, type Command+F. Figure1.26 Using the advanced search features, you can restrict your search to a location or date range. You can also search using voice or search with an image. (Google Search is a trademark of Google LLC.) To conduct an internet search, it is best to use s...
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theaters” “Atlanta.” Use the tilde (~) to search for synonyms for the word you type. For example, searching “~coat” might return search results including jackets and sweatshirts. The asterisk (*) can be used to search partial words. This can be very helpful if you want to search for a specific person or location but ar...
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When conducting research on the internet, there always will be some question of the credibility of the information you find. Because virtually anyone can create a website or post information on the internet, you should read with a critical eye. There is a wealth of quality information available, but it is just as easy ...
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Communication, Collaboration, and Social Media Through the internet and the software programs available today, we can stay connected to colleagues and family across great distances. Email, the Google Workspace of programs, Microsoft 365, and social media sites have all had a significant impact on business and personal ...
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example, have a social media site where they share financial tips and banking products/promotions available to their customers. Consumer products companies can use the sites to get feedback on product attributes or advertising strategies. Small businesses can use social media sites to offer promotions to bring more foo...
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libraries think about the services they provide. Figure1.28 Many libraries today have computer workstations where users can access the internet and conduct research. (credit: modification of “Vancouver Public Central Library” by GoToVan/Flickr, CC BY 2.0) Libraries can be a source of research that might otherwise be un...
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inventory. Today, e-commerce makes up about 15 percent of all retail sales across the world, with over twenty million e-commerce sites worldwide, representing nearly $4 trillion in sales. E-commerce jobs are expected to reach nearly 500,000 by the end of the 2020s; it is predicted that by 2040, 95 percent of purchases ...
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Figure1.29 Cloud computing enables you to store much more data than can be kept on any physical computing device. (credit: “Cloud-Computing” by Learntek/Flickr, Public Domain) The cloudis the term used to describe servers that are located at different locations and that are accessed via the internet. These servers are ...
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4. Use two-factor authentication. This means that to access the system, you will need two pieces of identification, typically your username and password as well as one additional means of identification, such as an email to verify your identity, a code sent to your cell phone, or an answer to a personal question. 5. Ma...
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Internet of Things (IoT): Integration and Collaboration The Internet of Things (IoT)refers to the extension of internet connectivity beyond computers, to enable the transfer of information between machines and other objects, people, and animals by connecting them to the internet in some way. With the IoT, the physical ...
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personal information, such as a Social Security number or credit card information for economic gain. An increase in the number of hackers—individuals who gain unauthorized access to computer systems in an attempt to steal someone’s information—has pr ompted the development of software programs designed to protect consu...
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REAL-WORLD APPLICATION Please Pass the Password Some tips for creating a strong password include: • Avoid using a real name (either your own or the company’s) as your password. • Use a combination of letters and numbers with at least eight characters. • Do not use a complete word such as “password.” • Do not reuse pass...
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files are handy to have in case of a sudden shutdown, as they may help to recover a file that might otherwise be lost. Many temporary files are automatically deleted once the task is complete or the file is saved permanently. But others may stick around; these files are saved in your temp folder. On a Windows computer,...
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and/or career? (3) Is the information hurtful or detrimental to someone else? Ensuring Privacy Privacy involves practices related to the collection and use of data about an individual. Many companies will have privacy policies when you sign up as a customer or purveyor of their content. It is important to read these po...
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Chapter Review Key Terms Android operating system Google software operating system used to run non-iPhone mobile phones such as Samsung’s Galaxy artificial intelligence (AI) use of computers, robots, and machines to behave “intelligently,” engaging in autonomous decision making and behaviors augmented reality (AR) use ...
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internet protocol address (IP address) unique combination of characters used to identify the location of a host computer internet service provider (ISP) company that provides individuals or organizations with access to the internet intranet private network for internal company use; can be combined with cloud technology...
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sent and received over a network, most notably the internet triangulation research technique whereby information is verified and validated through multiple sources virtual reality (VR) simulated environment in which users can interact as if they were physically present wearable device that uses computing technology to ...
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Summary 1.1Computing from Inception to Today • Early computers were used predominantly by engineers and scientists to handle large amounts of data. Key companies in the evolution of computing include IBM, Hewlett Packard, Xerox, Apple, and Microsoft. • With the invention of the microprocessor, computers became availabl...
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2. What is the main operating system for iPhone mobile devices? a. Android b. Google c. iOS d. SMS 3. What are direct deposit, high-speed printers/copiers, and automated inventory systems all examples of? a. outdated technology b. future developments in technology c. early-stage developments in technology d. advances i...
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a. HTTP b. HTML c. URL d. IP address 11. What is Wikipedia? a. an internet service provider b. a web browser on mobile phones c. a domain name d. a free source of information 12. ________ is the protocol used to connect computers together in a LAN. a. HTML b. Ethernet c. IP address d. Web application 13. Which operator...
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c. a list of web pages a user visits, stored on a computer’s browser d. ads that entice users to click on them 19. ________ encrypts information on your computer, making it inaccessible until you give the hacker something valuable. a. Phishing b. Data masking c. Spoofing d. Ransomware Practice Exercises 20. Conduct res...
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34. What are some advantages of using smart spaces in business today? 35. What is the information processing cycle and why is it important? 36. Why is it important to understand the basic components of a computer? 37. Which network would you likely have in your home? At your place of business? 38. What capabilities mus...
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60 1 • Chapter Review Access for free at openstax.org
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Figure2.1 Software applications are what allow us to interact with our computer’s hardware. It is essential to learn how to use programs like calendars, word processors, and email clients to communicate with others and create documents in the workplace. (credit: "wocintech (microsoft) - 241" by WOCinTech Chat/Flickr, C...
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