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78,900 | SS Sołdek, the first ship built in Poland after World War II (1948)Alfred Korzybski, Polish philosopher and mathematician who developed the field of general semantics and is known for the map–territory relation. Mieczysław Wolfke, Polish physicist considered "one of precursors in the development of holography" (a quote... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,901 | Ignacy Domeyko - geologist and mineralogist, a geological map of Chile, describing the Jurassic rock formations, and discovered deposits of a rare mineral (1846). Paweł Strzelecki, Polish explorer and geologist; in 1840 he climbed the highest peak on mainland Australia and named it Mount Kosciuszko; he made a geologica... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,902 | Adam Freytag, mathematician and military engineer, wrote Architectura militaris nova et aucta, the first manual of bastion fortifications of the so-called Old Dutch system (1631). Krzysztof Arciszewski, Polish–Lithuanian nobleman, military officer, engineer, and ethnographer. Arciszewski also served as a general of art... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,903 | In April the same year, Polish scientists with support from the Polish Ministry of Economy began the procedure for granting a patent to their discovery around the world. Maximal entropy random walk (MERW) is a popular type of biased random walk on a graph, used e.g. in complex network analysis, image analysis, tractogr... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,904 | Piorun (missile), a man-portable air-defense system designed to destroy low-flying aircraft, airplanes, helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles. Polish Artificial Heart Program launched by the Foundation for Cardiac Surgery Development in Zabrze. Graphene acquisition, in 2011 the Institute of Electronic Materials Tech... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,905 | Poland joins the European Southern Observatory ESO (2014), 16-nation intergovernmental research organisation for astronomy. Poland becomes a member the European Space Agency (2012). PW-Sat, the first Polish satellite was launched into space (2012); other Polish satellites include Lem and Heweliusz. | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,906 | He discovered two different tumor viruses — murine leukemia virus and mouse polyomavirus — capable of causing cancers in laboratory mice. Ryszard Gryglewski, Polish physician and pharmacologist. He co-discovered prostacyclin (1976), which set off many further scientific discoveries. Wacław Szybalski, Polish-American me... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,907 | He is known for his early hypothesis of the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs, suggesting in 1975 together with Fridolin Sulser that downregulation of beta-adrenergic receptors is responsible for their effects. Zbyszek Darzynkiewicz, Polish-American cell biologist active in cancer research and in developing n... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,908 | Stefan Kudelski, Polish audio engineer known for creating the Nagra series of professional audio recorders. Zdzisław Pawlak, Polish mathematician and computer scientist; known for his contribution to many branches of theoretical computer science; he is credited with introducing the rough set theory and also known for h... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,909 | Jacek Karpiński, Polish pioneer in computer engineering and computer science. He became a developer of one of the first machine learning algorithms, techniques for character and image recognition. In 1971, he designed one of the first minicomputers, the K-202. | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,910 | Karol Borsuk, Polish mathematician; his main area of interest was topology; he introduced the theory of absolute retracts (ARs) and absolute neighborhood retracts (ANRs), and the cohomotopy groups, later called Borsuk–Spanier cohomotopy groups; he also founded shape theory; Borsuk's conjecture, Borsuk-Ulam theorem. Jer... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,911 | Anna Wierzbicka, Polish linguist; known for her work in semantics, pragmatics and cross-cultural linguistics; she's credited with formulating the theory of natural semantic metalanguage and the concept of semantic primes. Michał Misiurewicz, Polish mathematician known for his contributions to chaotic dynamical systems ... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,912 | In 2007, he shared the Nobel Prize in Economics. Artur Ekert, Polish physicist; one of the pioneers of quantum cryptography. Jacek Pałkiewicz, Polish journalist, traveler and explorer; fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, discoverer of the sources of the Amazon River (1996). | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,913 | Tomasz Dietl, Polish physicist; known for developing the theory, confirmed in recent years, of diluted ferromagnetic semiconductors, and for demonstrating new methods in controlling magnetization. Ryszard Horodecki, Polish physicist; he contributed largely to the field of quantum informatics and theoretical physics; Pe... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,914 | The system consists of a formal language for writing mathematical definitions and proofs, a proof assistant, which is able to mechanically check proofs written in this language, and a library of formalized mathematics, which can be used in the proof of new theorems; it was designed by Mieczysław G. Bekker, Polish engin... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,915 | Foundation For Polish Science - a non-governmental organisation aiming at supporting academics with high potential - since (1991) Stanisław Kamiński, Polish aeronautical engineer, designer of PZL W-3 Sokół, a helicopter, FAA certificate in (1989) Paul Baran, Polish-American engineer who was a pioneer in the development... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,916 | Tadeusz Reichstein, Polish-Swiss chemist and the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (1950), who was awarded for his work on the isolation of cortisone. Władysław Świątecki, Polish physicist noted for pioneering research in nuclear physics including the nuclear shell model and for independently predicting th... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,917 | Stefan Banach, Polish mathematician who is considered the founder of modern functional analysis. He is known for Banach space, Banach-Tarski paradox, Banach algebra, Functional analysis, Banach fixed-point theorem, uniform boundedness principle, Banach–Alaoglu theorem and Banach measure. Lwów School of Mathematics was ... | Timeline of Polish science and technology | 0.78557 |
78,918 | In the mathematics of topological vector spaces, Minlos's theorem states that a cylindrical measure on the dual of a nuclear space is a Radon measure if its Fourier transform is continuous. It is named after Robert Adol'fovich Minlos and can be proved using Sazonov's theorem. | Minlos' theorem | 0.785568 |
78,919 | Basic quantum mechanics defines the possible single orbital wavefunctions. In a software implementation, these can be provided either as a table or through a set of logic statements. Alternatively group theory may be used to compute them. Electrons in a single orbital are called equivalent electrons. | Configuration state function | 0.785567 |
78,920 | At the most fundamental level, a configuration state function can be constructed from a set of M {\displaystyle M} orbitals and a number N {\displaystyle N} of electrons using the following genealogical algorithm: distribute the N {\displaystyle N} electrons over the set of M {\displaystyle M} orbitals giving a configu... | Configuration state function | 0.785567 |
78,921 | In quantum chemistry, a configuration state function (CSF), is a symmetry-adapted linear combination of Slater determinants. A CSF must not be confused with a configuration. In general, one configuration gives rise to several CSFs; all have the same total quantum numbers for spin and spatial parts but differ in their i... | Configuration state function | 0.785567 |
78,922 | During springtime in the polar regions of Earth, unique photochemistry converts inert halide salt ions (e.g. Br−) into reactive halogen species (e.g. Br atoms and BrO) that episodically deplete ozone in the atmospheric boundary layer to near zero levels. These processes are favored by light and low temperature conditio... | Tropospheric ozone depletion events | 0.785566 |
78,923 | The different reactivity of halogens as compared to OH and ozone has broad impacts on atmospheric chemistry. These include near complete removal and deposition of mercury, alteration of oxidation fates for organic gases, and export of bromine into the free troposphere. The deposition of reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) i... | Tropospheric ozone depletion events | 0.785566 |
78,924 | Dollar The official currency of the United States, usually abbreviated as USD. unitary elastic universal bank universal basic income unskilled labor Labor that requires no specialized skills, education, or training to perform. urban economics utilitarianism utility The usefulness of a good or service in satisfying a ne... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,925 | modern monetary theory modern portfolio theory modified gross national income Modigliani–Miller theorem monetarism A school of thought in monetary economics which emphasizes the role of governments in controlling the amount of money in circulation (the money supply). Monetarists assert that variations in the money supp... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,926 | Lerner paradox Lerner symmetry theorem Lewis–Mogridge position liability Financial responsibility for something. liberal paradox limit price loan local multiplier effect Also called the local premium The additional economic benefit accrued to a geographic area from money being spent in the local economy. local tax Any ... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,927 | Arrow's impossibility theorem Also called the general possibility theorem or Arrow's paradox. When voters have three or more distinct options, no ranked voting electoral system can convert the ranked preferences of individuals into a community-wide (complete and transitive) ranking while also meeting the specified set ... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,928 | Elliott wave principle Ellsberg paradox endogenous growth theory envelope theorem endogenous variable energy modeling Engel curve engineering economics Previously known as engineering economy, is a subset of economics concerned with the use and "...application of economic principles" in the analysis of engineering deci... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,929 | domestic final supply (DFS) Same as aggregate supply. Dorfman–Steiner condition Dorfman–Steiner theorem double marginalization Doughnut model Downs–Thomson paradox dual-sector model Duggan–Schwartz theorem duopoly A situation in which there are exactly two suppliers for a particular good or service. dynamic discrete ch... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,930 | The application of economic analysis to demography, the study of human populations, including size, growth, density, distribution, and vital statistics. depreciation The gradual decrease in the economic value of the capital stock of a firm, nation, or other entity, either through physical depreciation, obsolescence, or... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,931 | DAD–SAS model dead cat bounce deadweight loss Also called excess burden or allocative inefficiency. A loss of economic efficiency that occurs when the free-market equilibrium for a good or service is not achieved. Deadweight loss can be caused by monopoly pricing in the case of artificial scarcity, an externality, a ta... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,932 | This means that once the transfer agents at the bank medallion stamp the bond, it is highly liquid on the secondary market. Bondareva–Shapley theorem Describes a necessary and sufficient condition for the non-emptiness of the core of a cooperative game in characteristic function form. boots theory Also called the Sam V... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,933 | welfare cost of business cycles welfare cost of inflation welfare economics A branch of economics that uses microeconomic techniques to evaluate well-being (welfare) at the aggregate (economy-wide) level. welfare trap Weller's theorem willingness to accept (WTA) The minimum amount of money that а person is willing to a... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,934 | It can refer to the income velocity of money, which is the frequency with which the average same unit of currency is used to purchase newly domestically produced goods and services within a given time period. In other words, it is the number of times one unit of money is spent to buy goods and services per unit time. V... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,935 | tax tax-benefit model tax benefits of debt tax credit tax deduction tax rate Taylor rule technological theory of social production terms of trade The rules that countries impose on each other in order to trade with each other. Thatcherism theory of the firm thermoeconomics Thirlwall's Law throw away paradox tight money... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,936 | occupational choice model occupational licensing Okun's law Okishio's theorem oligopoly An industry with only a few firms. If these firms collude, they form a cartel, which may reduce output and drive up profits in the same way a monopoly does. oligopsony open energy modelling initiative open energy system models open-... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,937 | A monopoly firm produces less output, has higher costs, and sells its output for a higher price than it would if constrained by competition. monopsony moral hazard mortgage motivation moving equilibrium theorem multiplier multiplier uncertainty Any lack of perfect knowledge of the multiplier effect of a particular poli... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,938 | happiness economics Harrington paradox Harris–Todaro model Harrod–Domar model Hauser's law health economics Heckscher–Ohlin model Heckscher–Ohlin theorem hedonic index hedonic regression Henry George theorem Herfindahl–Hirschman index heterodox economics Hicksian demand function hiding hand principle Hindu rate of grow... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,939 | gains from trade Gale–Shapley algorithm Galor–Zeira model Gandhian economics GDP deflator general equilibrium theory Georgism Gerschenkron effect Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem Gibbard's theorem Gibrat's law Gibson's paradox Giffen good gift economy Gini coefficient global labor arbitrage gold standard good Goodhart's l... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,940 | This analysis later became a fundamental concept of macroeconomics. Most modern textbooks now list only three functions, that of medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value, not considering a standard of deferred payment as a distinguished function, but rather subsuming it in the others. fundamental theorem... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,941 | Freiburg school freshwater economics frictional unemployment Unemployment that is a result of workers moving from one job to another, as opposed to structural unemployment. Friedman rule Friedman's k-percent rule Frisch–Waugh–Lovell theorem full employment full employment output (Y*) How much output is produced in the ... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,942 | fiscal policy A government’s policy on taxes and spending. fiscal theory of the price level Fisher equation Fisher separation theorem fixed costs Costs that have to be paid even if a firm is not producing anything. foreign exchange market Also called the currency market or abbreviated Forex or FX. | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,943 | Aumann's agreement theorem If the probabilistic beliefs of agents who share a common prior and update their probabilistic beliefs by Bayes' rule, regarding a fixed event, are common knowledge then these probabilities must coincide. Thus, agents cannot have common knowledge of a disagreement over the posterior probabili... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,944 | It assumes that there is no diminishing return of capital. Alchian–Allen effect Also called the shipping the good apples out theorem, or the third law of demand. When the prices of two substitute goods, such as high and low grades of the same product, are both increased by a fixed per-unit amount, consumption will shif... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,945 | In its broadest sense, an economy may be defined as "a social domain that emphasizes the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with the production, use, and management of resources". Edgeworth box Edgeworth paradox Edgeworth's limit theorem effective demand efficiency dividend efficiency wage effic... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,946 | In most countries, the CPI, along with the population census, is one of the most closely watched national economic statistics. consumer surplus the difference between the maximum price a consumer is willing to pay and the actual price they do pay. If a consumer is willing to pay more for a unit of a good than the curre... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,947 | A class of economic models that use actual economic data to estimate how an economy might react to changes in policy, technology, or other external factors. computational economics A research discipline at the interface of economics, computer science, and management science which encompasses computational modeling of e... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,948 | classical general equilibrium model club good Coase conjecture Coase theorem cobweb model collective action collective action problem collusion command economy An economy in which the government directs all economic activity. commerce Relates to "the exchange of goods and services, especially on a large scale". | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,949 | Birmingham school A school of thought based around opposing the gold standard, advocating for expansionary monetary policy, and belief in underconsumption. Bishop–Cannings theorem A theorem in evolutionary game theory that states that (i) all members of a mixed evolutionarily stable strategy have the same payoff, and (... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,950 | Bellman equation The dynamic programming equation associated with discrete-time optimization problems. It writes the "value" of a decision problem at a certain point in time in terms of the payoff from some initial choices and the "value" of the remaining decision problem that results from those initial choices. beques... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,951 | Price stickiness can cause recessions to linger. stochastic frontier analysis stock-flow consistent model Stockholm School Stolper–Samuelson theorem store of value St. Petersburg paradox strategic complements Strauss–Howe generational theory structural unemployment Unemployment created due to a decrease in demand for t... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,952 | solidarity economy Solow residual Solow–Swan model Sonnenschein–Mantel–Debreu theorem sovereign wealth fund stabilization policy stagflation A simultaneous economic phenomenon during which inflation and unemployment are both rising. standard of deferred payment standard of living state tax Any tax paid to a state gover... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,953 | risk aversion risk premium risk-return relationship The direct relationship between the risk of an investment and its expected return or profit; the higher the risk, the higher the opportunity for gain or loss and vice versa. rivalry Robin Hood effect Robinson Crusoe economy Robustness The ability of a financial tradin... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,954 | (See also real prices.) nominal wages Wages measured in money. (See also real wages.) non-convexity non-price determinant of demand Any reason other than price that changes the will to buy a good or service, for example, fads, income, taste, future expectation, and population. non-rivalry normal good North–South model ... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,955 | Keynes–Ramsey rule Keynes's theory of wages and prices Khazzoom–Brookes postulate King–Plosser–Rebelo preferences Kitchin cycle Kiyotaki–Moore model Knightian uncertainty A lack of any quantifiable knowledge about some possible occurrence, as opposed to the presence of quantifiable risk (e.g., that in statistical noise... | Glossary of economics | 0.785566 |
78,956 | In plasma physics, a lower hybrid oscillation is a longitudinal oscillation of ions and electrons in a magnetized plasma. The direction of propagation must be very nearly perpendicular to the stationary magnetic field, within about √me/mi radians. Otherwise the electrons can move along the field lines fast enough to sh... | Lower hybrid oscillation | 0.785565 |
78,957 | In general relativity, gravity can be regarded as not a force but a consequence of a curved spacetime geometry where the source of curvature is the stress–energy tensor (representing matter, for instance). Thus, for example, the path of a planet orbiting around a star is the projection of a geodesic of the curved 4-dim... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,958 | Vectors also describe many other physical quantities, such as displacement, acceleration, momentum, and angular momentum. Other physical vectors, such as the electric and magnetic field, are represented as a system of vectors at each point of a physical space; that is, a vector field. Tensors also have extensive applic... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,959 | The stress–energy tensor (sometimes stress–energy–momentum tensor or energy–momentum tensor) is a tensor quantity in physics that describes the density and flux of energy and momentum in spacetime, generalizing the stress tensor of Newtonian physics. It is an attribute of matter, radiation, and non-gravitational force ... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,960 | The mathematics of general relativity is complex. In Newton's theories of motion, an object's length and the rate at which time passes remain constant while the object accelerates, meaning that many problems in Newtonian mechanics may be solved by algebra alone. In relativity, however, an object's length and the rate a... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,961 | The equation for the covariant derivative can be written in terms of Christoffel symbols. The Christoffel symbols find frequent use in Einstein's theory of general relativity, where spacetime is represented by a curved 4-dimensional Lorentz manifold with a Levi-Civita connection. The Einstein field equations – which de... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,962 | According to Birkhoff's theorem, the Schwarzschild metric is the most general spherically symmetric, vacuum solution of the Einstein field equations. A Schwarzschild black hole or static black hole is a black hole that has no charge or angular momentum. A Schwarzschild black hole is described by the Schwarzschild metri... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,963 | The covariant derivative is a generalization of the directional derivative from vector calculus. As with the directional derivative, the covariant derivative is a rule, which takes as its inputs: (1) a vector, u, (along which the derivative is taken) defined at a point P, and (2) a vector field, v, defined in a neighbo... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,964 | In physics, as well as mathematics, a vector is often identified with a tuple, or list of numbers, which depend on a coordinate system or reference frame. If the coordinates are transformed, such as by rotation or stretching the coordinate system, the components of the vector also transform. The vector itself doesn't c... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,965 | In mathematics, physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector (sometimes called a geometric or spatial vector, or – as here – simply a vector) is a geometric object that has both a magnitude (or length) and direction. A vector is what is needed to "carry" the point A to the point B; the Latin word vector means "one who ... | Introduction to the mathematics of general relativity | 0.785565 |
78,966 | The tetrachloroferrate anion, with iron(III) in the center, has tetrahedral geometry. It is useful as a non-coordinating anion comparable to perchlorate. Several organoammonium salts have been studied for their novel material properties. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate is one of several ionic liquids tha... | Tetrachloroferrate | 0.785565 |
78,967 | Perxenic acid is the unstable conjugate acid of the perxenate anion, formed by the solution of xenon tetroxide in water. It has not been isolated as a free acid, because under acidic conditions it rapidly decomposes into xenon trioxide and oxygen gas: 2 HXeO3−6 + 6 H+ → 2 XeO3 + 4 H2O + O2Its extrapolated formula, H4Xe... | Perxenate | 0.785562 |
78,968 | The Data Center developed data management programs that reflect the changing world of geophysics. These programs are now part of the National Centers for Environmental Information. == References == | National Geophysical Data Center | 0.785562 |
78,969 | Fast Software Encryption, often abbreviated FSE, is a workshop for cryptography research, focused on symmetric-key cryptography with an emphasis on fast, practical techniques, as opposed to theory. Though "encryption" is part of the conference title, it is not limited to encryption research; research on other symmetric... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,970 | The first workshop in the series of conferences that became known as Eurocrypt was held in 1982. In 1984, the name "Eurocrypt" was first used. Generally, there have been published proceedings including all papers at the conference every year, with two exceptions; in 1983, no proceedings was produced, and in 1986, the p... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,971 | Eurocrypt (or EUROCRYPT) is a conference for cryptography research. The full name of the conference is now the Annual International Conference on the Theory and Applications of Cryptographic Techniques. Eurocrypt is one of the IACR flagship conferences, along with CRYPTO and ASIACRYPT. Eurocrypt is held annually in the... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,972 | Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems (CHES) is a conference for cryptography research, focusing on the implementation of cryptographic algorithms. The two general areas treated are the efficient and the secure implementation of algorithms. Related topics such as random number generators, physical unclonable func... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,973 | CRYPTO, the International Cryptology Conference, is an academic conference on all aspects of cryptography and cryptanalysis. It is held yearly in August in Santa Barbara, California at the University of California, Santa Barbara.The first CRYPTO was held in 1981. It was the first major conference on cryptology and was ... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,974 | The needs of the theoretical cryptography (TC) community are best understood in relation to the two communities between which it resides: the Theory of Computation (TOC) community and the Cryptography/Security community. All three communities have grown in volume in recent years. This increase in volume makes the hosti... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,975 | The founding steering committee consists of Mihir Bellare, Ivan Damgard, Oded Goldreich, Shafi Goldwasser, Johan Hastad, Russell Impagliazzo, Ueli Maurer, Silvio Micali, Moni Naor, and Tatsuaki Okamoto. The importance of the theoretical study of Cryptography is widely recognized by now. This area has contributed much t... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,976 | The Theory of Cryptography Conference, often abbreviated TCC, is an annual conference for theoretical cryptography research. It was first held in 2004 at MIT, and was also held at MIT in 2005, both times in February. TCC became an IACR-sponsored workshop in 2006. | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,977 | The Real World Crypto Symposium is a conference for applied cryptography research, which was started in 2012 by Kenny Paterson and Nigel Smart. The winner of the Levchin Prize is announced at RWC.Announcements made at the symposium include the first known chosen prefix attack on SHA-1 and the inclusion of end-to-end en... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,978 | The IACR organizes and sponsors three annual flagship conferences, four area conferences in specific sub-areas of cryptography, and one symposium: Crypto (flagship) Eurocrypt (flagship) Asiacrypt (flagship) Fast Software Encryption (FSE) Public Key Cryptography (PKC) Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems (CHES) T... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,979 | PKC or Public-Key Cryptography is the short name of the International Workshop on Theory and Practice in Public Key Cryptography (modified as International Conference on Theory and Practice in Public Key Cryptography since 2006). | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,980 | Asiacrypt (also ASIACRYPT) is an international conference for cryptography research. The full name of the conference is currently International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, though this has varied over time. Asiacrypt is a conference sponsored by the IACR since 2000, a... | Fast Software Encryption | 0.785561 |
78,981 | The Heaviside step potential mainly serves as an exercise in introductory quantum mechanics, as the solution requires understanding of a variety of quantum mechanical concepts: wavefunction normalization, continuity, incident/reflection/transmission amplitudes, and probabilities. A similar problem to the one considered... | Solution of Schrödinger equation for a step potential | 0.78556 |
78,982 | Modified Active Gas Sampling (MAGS) is an environmental engineering assessment technique which rapidly detects unsaturated soil source areas impacted by volatile organic compounds. The technique was developed by HSA Engineers & Scientists in Fort Myers, Florida in 2002, led by Richard Lewis, Steven Folsom, and Brian Mo... | Modified active gas sampling | 0.78556 |
78,983 | One closed-form solution to the above set of equations was developed by S. Bancroft. Its properties are well known; in particular, proponents claim it is superior in low-GDOP situations, compared to iterative least squares methods.Bancroft's method is algebraic, as opposed to numerical, and can be used for four or more... | Global positioning | 0.785558 |
78,984 | The interaction of the conduction band with the f-orbitals results in a hybridization and an energy gap ϵ g {\displaystyle \epsilon _{\mathrm {g} }} . If the chemical potential lies in the hybridization gap, an insulating behavior can be seen in the dc-resistivity at low temperatures. In recent times, angle-resolved ph... | Kondo insulator | 0.785558 |
78,985 | In solid-state physics, Kondo insulators (also referred as Kondo semiconductors and heavy fermion semiconductors) are understood as materials with strongly correlated electrons, that open up a narrow band gap (in the order of 10 meV) at low temperatures with the chemical potential lying in the gap, whereas in heavy fer... | Kondo insulator | 0.785558 |
78,986 | It is handled as a single database by a federated database management system (FDBMS), which transparently integrates multiple autonomous DBMSs, possibly of different types (in which case it would also be a heterogeneous database system), and provides them with an integrated conceptual view. Sometimes the term multi-dat... | Distributed database management system | 0.785557 |
78,987 | Possible uses include security monitoring, alerting, statistics gathering and authorization. Many databases provide active database features in the form of database triggers. | Distributed database management system | 0.785557 |
78,988 | Phosphorus triiodide (PI3) is an inorganic compound with the formula PI3. A red solid, it is too unstable to be stored; it is, nevertheless, commercially available. It is widely used in organic chemistry for converting alcohols to alkyl iodides. It is also a powerful reducing agent. Note that phosphorus also forms a lo... | Phosphorus triiodide | 0.785555 |
78,989 | The Gillis and Gilman approach considers bend and shear forces in the beam. The compliance equation is: C = 8 L 3 E ∗ w t 3 ( 1 + 3 c ( t L ) 2 − n + α s E ∗ 4 μ ( t L ) 2 ) {\displaystyle C={\frac {8L^{3}}{E^{*}wt^{3}}}\left(1+3c\left({\frac {t}{L}}\right)^{2-n}+{\frac {\alpha _{s}E^{*}}{4\mu }}\left({\frac {t}{L}}\ri... | Bond characterization | 0.785554 |
78,990 | In mathematics, the category of medial magmas, also known as the medial category, and denoted Med, is the category whose objects are medial magmas (that is, sets with a medial binary operation), and whose morphisms are magma homomorphisms (which are equivalent to homomorphisms in the sense of universal algebra). The ca... | Category of medial magmas | 0.785554 |
78,991 | Anthropologists no longer regard "race" as a useful concept in understanding human evolution and variation." The anthropologist C. Loring Brace (1996) concurred, stating that the book was an amalgamation of bad biology and inexcusable anthropology. It is not science but advocacy, and advocacy of 'racialism'". Similarly... | Race, Evolution, and Behavior | 0.785552 |
78,992 | According to Richard R. Valencia, the response to the first edition of Rushton's book was "overwhelmingly negative", with only a small number of supporters, many being, like Rushton, Pioneer Fund grantees, such as psychologists Arthur Jensen, Michael Levin, Richard Lynn, and Linda Gottfredson.Valencia identified the ma... | Race, Evolution, and Behavior | 0.785552 |
78,993 | Differential K theory is a debunked theory proposed by Rushton, which attempts to apply r/K selection theory to human races. According to Rushton, this theory explains race differences in fertility, IQ, criminality, and sexual anatomy and behavior. The theory also hypothesizes that a single factor, the "K factor", affe... | Race, Evolution, and Behavior | 0.785552 |
78,994 | The book grew out of Rushton's 1989 paper, "Evolutionary Biology and Heritable Traits (With Reference to Oriental-White-Black Difference)". The 1st unabridged edition was published in 1995, the 2nd unabridged edition in 1997, and the 3rd unabridged edition in 2000. Rushton argues that Mongoloid, Caucasoid and Negroid p... | Race, Evolution, and Behavior | 0.785552 |
78,995 | In structural geology section restoration or palinspastic restoration is a technique used to progressively undeform a geological section in an attempt to validate the interpretation used to build the section. It is also used to provide insights into the geometry of earlier stages of the geological development of an are... | Section restoration | 0.785551 |
78,996 | In most section restorations there is an element of backstripping and decompaction. This is necessary to adjust the geometry of the section for the compactional effects of later sediment loading. | Section restoration | 0.785551 |
78,997 | For elliptic partial differential equations, Harnack's inequality states that the supremum of a positive solution in some connected open region is bounded by some constant times the infimum, possibly with an added term containing a functional norm of the data: sup u ≤ C ( inf u + ‖ f ‖ ) {\displaystyle \sup u\leq C(\in... | Harnack's inequality | 0.785549 |
78,998 | In mathematics, Harnack's inequality is an inequality relating the values of a positive harmonic function at two points, introduced by A. Harnack (1887). Harnack's inequality is used to prove Harnack's theorem about the convergence of sequences of harmonic functions. J. Serrin (1955), and J. Moser (1961, 1964) generali... | Harnack's inequality | 0.785549 |
78,999 | Digital signal processing and other applications typically use fast convolution algorithms to reduce the cost of the convolution to O(N log N) complexity. The most common fast convolution algorithms use fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms via the circular convolution theorem. Specifically, the circular convolution ... | Convolution kernel | 0.785549 |
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