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83,000 | Nanotechnology developments in medicine allow microdoses of drugs and therapies to be delivered directly to infected cells, instead of killing large groups of cells, often at the expense of healthy cells. Gold at a nano-level has the ability to bind to certain types of biological material, which means that certain type... | Auger architectomics | 0.783927 |
83,001 | This process in nanotechnology led to the discovery of gas bubbles inside yeasts. This is considered a paradigm shift, since naked gas bubbles are not expected inside any type of cell due to structured water in the cytoplasm. This was exposed in a fluconazole-treated bubble-like sensor of the yeast Nadsonia. This is th... | Auger architectomics | 0.783927 |
83,002 | Auger architectomics is a scientific imaging technique that allows biologists, working in the field of nano-technology, to slice open the cells of living organisms to view and assess their internal workings. Using argon gas etching to open the cells and a scanning electron microscope to create a three-dimensional view,... | Auger architectomics | 0.783927 |
83,003 | PIPES is the common name for piperazine-N,N′-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid), and is a frequently used buffering agent in biochemistry. It is an ethanesulfonic acid buffer developed by Good et al. in the 1960s. | PIPES | 0.783927 |
83,004 | Liquid Robotics established the Strategic Advisory Board in September 2011. The distinguished board of advisors include: Robert S. Gelbard, Chairman, Washington Global Partners, LLC, former Foreign Service Officer, U.S. Department of State, Ambassador to Indonesia and Bolivia Walter L. Sharp, General, U.S. Army (Ret.) | Liquid Robotics | 0.783927 |
83,005 | Liquid Robotics is an American marine robotics corporation that designs, manufactures and sells the Wave Glider, a wave and solar powered unmanned surface vehicle (USV). The Wave Glider harvests energy from ocean waves for propulsion. With this energy source, Wave Gliders can spend many months at a time at sea, collect... | Liquid Robotics | 0.783927 |
83,006 | On September 7, 2017, Liquid Robotics announced the Next Generation Wave Glider with advancements to the platform’s operational range, and performance for missions in high sea states (sea state 6 and greater) and high latitudes. Changes include advancements for expanded sensor payloads and increased energy and storage ... | Liquid Robotics | 0.783927 |
83,007 | In an absorption refrigerator, a suitable combination of refrigerant and absorbent is used. The most common combinations are ammonia (refrigerant) and water (absorbent), and water (refrigerant) and lithium bromide (absorbent). Absorption refrigeration systems can be powered by combustion of fossil fuels (e.g., coal, oi... | Heat pump and refrigeration cycle | 0.783926 |
83,008 | Let (X, T) be a Hausdorff topological space and let Σ be a σ-algebra on X that contains the topology T (so that every open set is a measurable set, and Σ is at least as fine as the Borel σ-algebra on X). Then a measure μ on the measurable space (X, Σ) is called inner regular if, for every set A in Σ, μ ( A ) = sup { μ ... | Inner regular measure | 0.783926 |
83,009 | For smooth functions the formula is a result in multivariate calculus which follows from a change of variables. More general forms of the formula for Lipschitz functions were first established by Herbert Federer (Federer 1959), and for BV functions by Fleming & Rishel (1960). A precise statement of the formula is as fo... | Coarea formula | 0.783926 |
83,010 | In the mathematical field of geometric measure theory, the coarea formula expresses the integral of a function over an open set in Euclidean space in terms of integrals over the level sets of another function. A special case is Fubini's theorem, which says under suitable hypotheses that the integral of a function over ... | Coarea formula | 0.783926 |
83,011 | The Riesz–Fischer theorem also applies in a more general setting. Let R be an inner product space consisting of functions (for example, measurable functions on the line, analytic functions in the unit disc; in old literature, sometimes called Euclidean Space), and let { φ n } {\displaystyle \{\varphi _{n}\}} be an orth... | Riesz–Fischer theorem | 0.783926 |
83,012 | Conversely, if { a n } {\displaystyle \{a_{n}\}\,} is a two-sided sequence of complex numbers (that is, its indices range from negative infinity to positive infinity) such that then there exists a function f such that f is square-integrable and the values a n {\displaystyle a_{n}} are the Fourier coefficients of f. Thi... | Riesz–Fischer theorem | 0.783926 |
83,013 | The most common form of the theorem states that a measurable function on {\displaystyle } is square integrable if and only if the corresponding Fourier series converges in the Lp space L 2 . {\displaystyle L^{2}.} This means that if the Nth partial sum of the Fourier series corresponding to a square-integrable functio... | Riesz–Fischer theorem | 0.783926 |
83,014 | In theoretical computer science, a pseudorandom generator for low-degree polynomials is an efficient procedure that maps a short truly random seed to a longer pseudorandom string in such a way that low-degree polynomials cannot distinguish the output distribution of the generator from the truly random distribution. Tha... | Pseudorandom generators for polynomials | 0.783926 |
83,015 | Star clusters are important in many areas of astronomy. The reason behind this is that almost all the stars in old clusters were born at roughly the same time. Various properties of all the stars in a cluster are a function only of mass, and so stellar evolution theories rely on observations of open and globular cluste... | Star cluster | 0.783923 |
83,016 | Furthermore, several universities, including the University of Pittsburgh are experimenting with altmetrics at an institute level.However, it is also observed that an article needs little attention to jump to the upper quartile of ranked papers, suggesting that not enough sources of altmetrics are currently available t... | Altmetrics | 0.783922 |
83,017 | For example, L-form organisms have been observed in mouse lungs after experimental inoculation with Nocardia caviae, and a recent study suggested that these organisms may infect immunosuppressed patients having undergone bone marrow transplants. The formation of strains of bacteria lacking cell walls has also been prop... | L-form bacteria | 0.783922 |
83,018 | Another methodology of induction relies on nanotechnology and landscape ecology. Microfluidics devices can be built in order to challenge peptidoglycan synthesis by extreme spatial confinement. After biological dispersal through a constricted (sub-micrometre scale) biological corridor connecting adjacent micro habitat ... | L-form bacteria | 0.783922 |
83,019 | The Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy is awarded annually by the American Astronomical Society to a young astronomer (aged less than 36, or within 8 years of the award of their PhD) for a significant contribution to observational or theoretical astronomy. | Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy | 0.783922 |
83,020 | Organic agricultural ecosystems rely on the services of biodiversity for the recycling of nutrients through soils instead of relying on the supplementation of synthetic fertilizers.The model for ecological recycling agriculture adheres to the following principals: Protection of biodiversity. Use of renewable energy. Re... | Ecological recycling | 0.783922 |
83,021 | The basic idea of a balance of nature, however, can be traced back to the Greeks: Democritus, Epicurus, and their Roman disciple Lucretius.Following the Greeks, the idea of a hydrological cycle (water is considered a nutrient) was validated and quantified by Halley in 1687. Dumas and Boussingault (1844) provided a key ... | Ecological recycling | 0.783922 |
83,022 | Although the moving cylinder's bore is around ¾ of the outer diameter, not ½, it is its seal diameter that matters, not its internal clearance bore. The celebrated mechanical engineer Harry Ricardo began his career by working in his grandfather, Alexander Rendel's, civil engineering practice. | Hydraulic intensifier | 0.78392 |
83,023 | In queueing theory, Bartlett's theorem gives the distribution of the number of customers in a given part of a system at a fixed time. | Bartlett's theorem | 0.78392 |
83,024 | The differential of such a morphism f = ( f l: A l → B l + n ) {\displaystyle f=(f_{l}\colon A_{l}\rightarrow B_{l+n})} of degree n is defined to be f l + 1 ∘ d A + ( − 1 ) n + 1 d B ∘ f l {\displaystyle f_{l+1}\circ d_{A}+(-1)^{n+1}d_{B}\circ f_{l}} , where d A , d B {\displaystyle d_{A},d_{B}} are the differentials o... | Differential graded category | 0.78392 |
83,025 | In mathematics, especially homological algebra, a differential graded category, often shortened to dg-category or DG category, is a category whose morphism sets are endowed with the additional structure of a differential graded Z {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} } -module. In detail, this means that Hom ( A , B ) {\display... | Differential graded category | 0.78392 |
83,026 | A pathogen undergoing a host switch is driven by selection pressures to acquire the necessary changes allowing for survival and transmission in the new host species. According to a 2008 Microbiology and Molecular Biology Review, this process of host switching can be defined by three stages: Isolated infection-An isolat... | Host switch | 0.783919 |
83,027 | There is also an algebraic proof of the Johnson circles theorem, using a simple vector computation. There are vectors u → , v → , w → , {\displaystyle {\vec {u}},{\vec {v}},{\vec {w}},} all of length r, such that the Johnson circles are centered respectively at H + u → , H + v → , H + w → . {\displaystyle H+{\vec {u}},... | Johnson circles | 0.783919 |
83,028 | Now the midpoints of the sides of any triangle are the images of its vertices by a homothety with factor −½, centered at the barycenter of the triangle. Applied to the anticomplementary triangle, which is itself obtained from the Johnson triangle by a homothety with factor 2, it follows from composition of homotheties ... | Johnson circles | 0.783919 |
83,029 | In geometry, a set of Johnson circles comprises three circles of equal radius r sharing one common point of intersection H. In such a configuration the circles usually have a total of four intersections (points where at least two of them meet): the common point H that they all share, and for each of the three pairs of ... | Johnson circles | 0.783919 |
83,030 | It is similar to the Johnson triangle, and is homothetic by a factor 2 centered at H, their common circumcenter. Johnson's theorem: The 2-wise intersection points of the Johnson circles (vertices of the reference triangle △ABC) lie on a circle of the same radius r as the Johnson circles. This property is also well know... | Johnson circles | 0.783919 |
83,031 | The Weak Interaction Studies with 32Ar Decay (WISArD) experiment investigates the weak interaction to search for physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). The WISArD setup reuses some of the WITCH experiment's infrastructure, as well as its superconducting magnet. The experiment measures the angular correlation between p... | On-Line Isotope Mass Separator | 0.783918 |
83,032 | The product ΣA × ΣB has the homotopy type of the mapping cone of ∈ (Arkowitz (1962)). Whitehead products for homotopy groups with coefficients are obtained by taking A and B to be Moore spaces (Hilton (1965), pp. 110–114) There is a weak homotopy equivalence between a wedge of suspensions of finitely many spaces and ... | Generalised Whitehead product | 0.783917 |
83,033 | The generalised Whitehead product assigns to an element α in the homotopy set and an element β in the homotopy set , an element in the homotopy set , where A, B, and X are spaces, Σ is the suspension (topology), and ∧ is the smash product. This was introduced by Cohen (1957) and Hilton (1965) and later studied in det... | Generalised Whitehead product | 0.783917 |
83,034 | The most common algebraic constructions are groups. These are sets such that any two members of the set can be combined to yield a third member of the set (subject to certain restrictions). In homotopy theory, one assigns a group to each space X and positive integer p called the pth homotopy group of X. These groups ha... | Generalised Whitehead product | 0.783917 |
83,035 | Some of these properties are connectedness (is the space in one or several pieces), the number of holes the space has, the knottedness of the space, and so on. Spaces are then studied by assigning algebraic constructions to them. This is similar to what is done in high school analytic geometry whereby to certain curves... | Generalised Whitehead product | 0.783917 |
83,036 | However, current research suggests that neuronal noise is beneficial to non-linear or complex neural networks up until optimal value. A theory by Anderson and colleagues supports that neural noise is beneficial. Their theory suggests that noise produced in the visual cortex helps linearize or smooth the threshold of ac... | Neuronal noise | 0.783916 |
83,037 | Non-linear neural networks are a network of complex neurons that have many connections with one another such as the neuronal systems found within our brains. Comparatively, linear networks are an experimental view of analyzing a neural system by placing neurons in series with each other. Initially, noise in complex com... | Neuronal noise | 0.783916 |
83,038 | If a specific input signal is initiated in the dendrites of a neuron, then a hypervariability exists in the number of vesicles released from the axon terminal fiber into the synapse. This characteristic is true for fibers without neural input signals, such as pacemaker neurons, as mentioned previously, and cortical pyr... | Neuronal noise | 0.783916 |
83,039 | The goal is to determine whether it is possible to fold the paper so that every crease is folded, no folds occur elsewhere, and the whole folded sheet of paper lies flat.To fold flat, the number of creases must be even. This follows, for instance, from Maekawa's theorem, which states that the number of mountain folds a... | Kawasaki's theorem | 0.783914 |
83,040 | Kawasaki's theorem or Kawasaki–Justin theorem is a theorem in the mathematics of paper folding that describes the crease patterns with a single vertex that may be folded to form a flat figure. It states that the pattern is flat-foldable if and only if alternatingly adding and subtracting the angles of consecutive folds... | Kawasaki's theorem | 0.783914 |
83,041 | The fact that this condition is sufficient—that is, that crease patterns with evenly many angles, alternatingly summing to π can always be flat-folded—may have been first stated by Hull (1994).Kawasaki himself has called the result Husimi's theorem, after Kôdi Husimi, and some other authors have followed this terminolo... | Kawasaki's theorem | 0.783914 |
83,042 | In the late 1970s, Kôdi Husimi and David A. Huffman independently observed that flat-folded figures with four creases have opposite angles adding to π, a special case of Kawasaki's theorem. Huffman included the result in a 1976 paper on curved creases, and Husimi published the four-crease theorem in a book on origami g... | Kawasaki's theorem | 0.783914 |
83,043 | Kawasaki's theorem, applied to each of the vertices of an arbitrary crease pattern, determines whether the crease pattern is locally flat-foldable, meaning that the part of the crease pattern near the vertex can be flat-folded. However, there exist crease patterns that are locally flat-foldable but that have no global ... | Kawasaki's theorem | 0.783914 |
83,044 | Gödel's incompleteness theorems show that Hilbert's program cannot be realized: if a consistent recursively enumerable theory is strong enough to formalize its own metamathematics (whether something is a proof or not), i.e. strong enough to model a weak fragment of arithmetic (Robinson arithmetic suffices), then the th... | Equiconsistency | 0.783913 |
83,045 | Denoting by V = K n {\displaystyle V=K^{n}} the n {\displaystyle n} -dimensional vector space over the field K {\displaystyle K} , and by G r ( k , V ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {Gr} (k,V)} the Grassmannian of k {\displaystyle k} -dimensional subspaces of V {\displaystyle V} , the Plücker embedding is the map ι defined by... | Plucker relations | 0.783912 |
83,046 | In mathematics, the Plücker map embeds the Grassmannian G r ( k , V ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {Gr} (k,V)} , whose elements are k-dimensional subspaces of an n-dimensional vector space V, either real or complex, in a projective space, thereby realizing it as an algebraic variety. More precisely, the Plücker map embeds G ... | Plucker relations | 0.783912 |
83,047 | The Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory is a laboratory located 500 metres underground in Bure in the Meuse département. It allows study of the geological formation in order to evaluate its capacity for deep geological repository of high-level and long-lived medium-level radioactive waste. It is managed b... | Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory | 0.783911 |
83,048 | v {\displaystyle v} is set to be future-directed and choose the first tetrad covector n a {\displaystyle n_{a}} as n a = − d v {\displaystyle n_{a}=-dv} , and then there will be a unique vector field l a {\displaystyle l^{a}} as null normals to S v 2 {\displaystyle S_{v}^{2}} satisfying the cross-normalization l a n a ... | Non-expanding horizon | 0.783911 |
83,049 | A three-dimensional submanifold ∆ is defined as a generic (rotating and distorted) NEH if it respects the following conditions: (i) ∆ is null and topologically S 2 × R {\displaystyle S^{2}\times \mathbb {R} } ; (ii) Along any null normal field l {\displaystyle l} tangent to ∆, the outgoing expansion rate θ ( l ) := h ^... | Non-expanding horizon | 0.783911 |
83,050 | A non-expanding horizon (NEH) is an enclosed null surface whose intrinsic structure is preserved. An NEH is the geometric prototype of an isolated horizon which describes a black hole in equilibrium with its exterior from the quasilocal perspective. It is based on the concept and geometry of NEHs that the two quasiloca... | Non-expanding horizon | 0.783911 |
83,051 | So far, the definition and boundary conditions of NEHs have been introduced. The boundary conditions include those for an arbitrary NEH, specific characteristics for Einstein-Maxwell (electromagnetic) NEHs, as well as further properties in an adapted tetrad. Based on NEHs, WIHs which have valid surface gravity can be d... | Non-expanding horizon | 0.783911 |
83,052 | The RASC publishes a number of books and periodicals, and issues awards to recognize accomplishments in astronomy and outreach activities. | Royal Astronomical Society of Canada | 0.783909 |
83,053 | The RASC mandate is five-fold: to stimulate interest and to promote and increase knowledge in astronomy and related sciences; to acquire and maintain equipment, libraries, and other property necessary for the pursuit of its aims; to publish journals, books, and other material containing information on the progress of a... | Royal Astronomical Society of Canada | 0.783909 |
83,054 | There are about 5100 members from coast to coast to coast, and internationally. The membership is composed primarily of amateur astronomers and also includes numerous professional astronomers and astronomy educators. The RASC is the Canadian equivalent of the British Astronomical Association. | Royal Astronomical Society of Canada | 0.783909 |
83,055 | The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada (RASC) is a national, non-profit, charitable organization devoted to the advancement of astronomy and related sciences. At present, there are 30 local branches of the Society, called Centres, in towns and cities across the country from St. John's, Newfoundland, to Victoria, Brit... | Royal Astronomical Society of Canada | 0.783909 |
83,056 | Most Centres have public education programs, including special outreach star nights when the public is given an opportunity to look through a telescope courtesy of a RASC volunteer. In 2009, the International Year of Astronomy, many Centres were instrumental in organizing events of educational astronomy outreach for th... | Royal Astronomical Society of Canada | 0.783909 |
83,057 | Physically, AFDX can be a cascaded star topology of multiple dual redundant Ethernet switches; however, the AFDX Virtual links are modeled as time-switched single-transmitter bus connections, thus following the safety model of a single-transmitter bus topology previously used in aircraft. Logical topologies are often c... | Network topology | 0.783909 |
83,058 | A network's logical topology is not necessarily the same as its physical topology. For example, the original twisted pair Ethernet using repeater hubs was a logical bus topology carried on a physical star topology. Token Ring is a logical ring topology, but is wired as a physical star from the media access unit. | Network topology | 0.783909 |
83,059 | Two basic categories of network topologies exist, physical topologies and logical topologies.The transmission medium layout used to link devices is the physical topology of the network. For conductive or fiber optical mediums, this refers to the layout of cabling, the locations of nodes, and the links between the nodes... | Network topology | 0.783909 |
83,060 | Examples of network topologies are found in local area networks (LAN), a common computer network installation. Any given node in the LAN has one or more physical links to other devices in the network; graphically mapping these links results in a geometric shape that can be used to describe the physical topology of the ... | Network topology | 0.783909 |
83,061 | Physical topology is the placement of the various components of a network (e.g., device location and cable installation), while logical topology illustrates how data flows within a network. Distances between nodes, physical interconnections, transmission rates, or signal types may differ between two different networks,... | Network topology | 0.783909 |
83,062 | Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a communication network. Network topology can be used to define or describe the arrangement of various types of telecommunication networks, including command and control radio networks, industrial fieldbusses and computer networks. Network topo... | Network topology | 0.783909 |
83,063 | In organic chemistry, alpha-olefins (or α-olefins) are a family of organic compounds which are alkenes (also known as olefins) with a chemical formula CxH2x, distinguished by having a double bond at the primary or alpha (α) position. This location of a double bond enhances the reactivity of the compound and makes it us... | Alpha-olefin | 0.783908 |
83,064 | Although the top carbon does bond to six others, it does so using a total of no more than eight electrons.The dication, noting the weak bonds forming the upright edges of the pyramid, shown as dashed lines in the structure, have a Wiberg bond order of about 0.54; it follows that the total bond order is 5 × 0.54 + 1 = 3... | Hexamethylbenzene | 0.783908 |
83,065 | However, a modification of the Hogeveen approach was reported in 2016, along with a high-quality crystal structure determination of 2•HSO3F. The pyramidal core is about 1.18 ångströms high, and each of the methyl groups on the ring is located slightly above that base plane to give a somewhat inverted tetrahedral geomet... | Hexamethylbenzene | 0.783908 |
83,066 | The structure does not violate the octet rule since the carbon–carbon bonds formed are not two-electron bonds, and is pedagogically valuable for illustrating that a carbon atom "can with more than four atoms". Steven Bachrach has demonstrated that the compound is hypercoordinated but not hypervalent, and also explaine... | Hexamethylbenzene | 0.783908 |
83,067 | Hexamethylbenzene can be used as a ligand in organometallic compounds. An example from organoruthenium chemistry shows structural change in the ligand associated with changes in the oxidation state of the metal centre, though the same change is not observed in the analogous organoiron system.In 2016 the crystal structu... | Hexamethylbenzene | 0.783908 |
83,068 | According to the Blue Book, this chemical can be systematically named as 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexamethylbenzene. The locants (the numbers in front of the name) are superfluous, however, as the name hexamethylbenzene uniquely identifies a single substance and thus is the formal IUPAC name for the compound. It is an aromatic comp... | Hexamethylbenzene | 0.783908 |
83,069 | Known cations of sandwich complexes of cobalt and rhodium with hexamethylbenzene take the form n+ (M = Co, Fe, Rh, Ru; n = 1, 2), where the metal centre is bound by the π electrons of the two arene moieties, and can easily be synthesised from appropriate metal salts by ligand exchange, for example: CoBr2 + 2 AlBr3 → 2+... | Hexamethylbenzene | 0.783908 |
83,070 | It forms orange-yellow 1:1 adduct with picryl chloride, probably due to π-stacking of the aromatic systems. Oxidation with trifluoroperacetic acid or hydrogen peroxide gives 2,3,4,5,6,6-hexamethyl-2,4-cyclohexadienone:) It has also been used as a solvent for 3He-NMR spectroscopy.Just as with benzene itself, the electro... | Hexamethylbenzene | 0.783908 |
83,071 | Like the rational integers, Z {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} } is a Euclidean domain. The ring of integers of an algebraic number field is the unique maximal order in the field. It is always a Dedekind domain. | Number ring | 0.783907 |
83,072 | And indeed, in algebraic number theory the elements of Z {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} } are often called the "rational integers" because of this. The next simplest example is the ring of Gaussian integers Z {\displaystyle \mathbb {Z} } , consisting of complex numbers whose real and imaginary parts are integers. It is th... | Number ring | 0.783907 |
83,073 | In mathematics, the ring of integers of an algebraic number field K {\displaystyle K} is the ring of all algebraic integers contained in K {\displaystyle K} . An algebraic integer is a root of a monic polynomial with integer coefficients: x n + c n − 1 x n − 1 + ⋯ + c 0 {\displaystyle x^{n}+c_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\cdots +c_{0}... | Number ring | 0.783907 |
83,074 | 2-Picoline was the first pyridine compound reported to be isolated in pure form. It was isolated from coal tar in 1846 by T. Anderson. This chemistry was practiced by Reilly Industries. It is now mainly produced by two principal routes. | 2-Methylpyridine | 0.783907 |
83,075 | This coincides with the Cramer–Rao bound in classical statistics, which gives the lower bound (in the sense of matrix inequality) of the ensemble variance of any unbiased estimator. Such lower bound can be reached by maximum-likelihood estimator for large data size. | Bayesian operational modal analysis | 0.783906 |
83,076 | Bayesian formulations have been developed for OMA in the time domain and in the frequency domain using the spectral density matrix and fast Fourier transform (FFT) of ambient vibration data. Based on the formulation for FFT data, fast algorithms have been developed for computing the posterior statistics of modal parame... | Bayesian operational modal analysis | 0.783906 |
83,077 | Algorithms are needed for efficient computation of the statistics (e.g., mean and variance) of the modal parameters from the posterior distribution. Unlike non-Bayesian methods, the algorithms are often implicit and iterative. E.g., optimization algorithms may be involved in the determination of most probable value, wh... | Bayesian operational modal analysis | 0.783906 |
83,078 | In the absence of (input) loading information, the identified modal properties from OMA often have significantly larger uncertainty (or variability) than their counterparts identified using free vibration or forced vibration (known input) tests. Quantifying and calculating the identification uncertainty of the modal pa... | Bayesian operational modal analysis | 0.783906 |
83,079 | Niklas, Karl J. (1997) The Evolutionary Biology of Plants. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-58082-2. | Vessel member | 0.783902 |
83,080 | Mitochondrial DNA testing of the Custer State Park herd have shown that 6% of the animals have bovine DNA traits and Dr. Derr from Texas A&M University, who led a study into bison genetics, conceded that the ‘hybrid’ animals tested were at least 15-20 generations from the original base stock and those animals contained... | Bovid hybrid | 0.783902 |
83,081 | In India, Nepal, Tibet, and Mongolia, cattle are crossbred with yaks. This gives rise to the infertile male dzo, often used as oxen, as well as fertile females which are bred into cattle breeds and can serve as milk cows. The "Dwarf Lulu" breed of cattle was tested for DNA markers and found to be a mixture of both type... | Bovid hybrid | 0.783902 |
83,082 | This allows children to view the lecture ahead of time and then spend class time practicing, refining, and applying what they have previously learned. The idea of creating artificial intelligence led some computer scientists to believe that teachers could be replaced by computers, through something like an expert syste... | Education reform | 0.783901 |
83,083 | It also moved reform efforts towards issues of school accountability (including No Child Left Behind) and the use of merit pay and other incentives. There have been studies that show smaller class sizes and newer buildings (both of which require higher funding to implement) lead to academic improvements. It should also... | Education reform | 0.783901 |
83,084 | These disadvantages facing students of color are apparent early on in early childhood education. By the age of five, children of color are impacted by opportunity gaps indicated by poverty, school readiness gap, segregated low-income neighborhoods, implicit bias, and inequalities within the justice system as Hispanic a... | Education reform | 0.783901 |
83,085 | In the first decade of the 21st century, several issues are salient in debates over further education reform: Longer school day or school year After-school tutoring Charter schools, school choice, or school vouchers Smaller class sizes Improved teacher quality Improved training Higher credential standards Generally hig... | Education reform | 0.783901 |
83,086 | Notes ReferencesHandbook of Chemistry and Physics, 71st edition, CRC Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1990. | Magnesium chloride | 0.783901 |
83,087 | David A. Bader (born May 4, 1969) is a Distinguished Professor and Director of the Institute for Data Science at the New Jersey Institute of Technology. Previously, he served as the Chair of the Georgia Institute of Technology School of Computational Science & Engineering, where he was also a founding professor, and th... | David Bader (computer scientist) | 0.783901 |
83,088 | 2005 NSF CAREER Award2006 IBM Faculty Award for making fundamental contributions to the design and optimization of parallel scientific libraries for multicore processors.2007 Georgia Tech College of Computing Dean's Award2009 IEEE Fellow2010 In June 2010, Intel supported Bader's research on graph analytics with a 3-yea... | David Bader (computer scientist) | 0.783901 |
83,089 | His main areas of research are at the intersection of high-performance computing and real-world applications, including cybersecurity, massive-scale analytics, and computational genomics. Bader built the first Linux supercomputer using commodity processors and a high-speed interconnection network.Bader is an IEEE Fello... | David Bader (computer scientist) | 0.783901 |
83,090 | In October 2018, Bader was named Editor-in-Chief of ACM Transactions on Parallel Computing.In July 2019, Bader joined the New Jersey Institute of Technology as a Distinguished Professor in the Ying Wu College of Computing Sciences and was named the first director of the school's new Institute for Data Science. The inst... | David Bader (computer scientist) | 0.783901 |
83,091 | in electrical engineering in 1991 from Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He then received a Ph.D. in electrical engineering in 1996 from the University of Maryland, College Park. While at UMD in 1992, Bader was awarded a NASA Graduate Student Researchers Fellowship by Gerald Soffen, project scientist for th... | David Bader (computer scientist) | 0.783901 |
83,092 | Bader is the son of chemistry professor Morris Bader and his wife Karen. He is an Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America, earning the rank in 1985. Bader graduated from Liberty High School in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania in 1987.He received a B.S. in computer engineering in 1990 and an M.S. | David Bader (computer scientist) | 0.783901 |
83,093 | The National Center for Atmospheric Research Land Surface Model (LSM) is a unidimensional computational model developed by Gordon Bonan that describes ecological processes joined in many ecosystem models, hydrological processes found in hydrological models and flow of surface common in surface models using atmospheric ... | NCAR LSM 1.0 | 0.7839 |
83,094 | Paul Joseph Kelly (June 26, 1915 – July 15, 1995) was an American mathematician who worked in geometry and graph theory. | Paul Kelly (mathematician) | 0.783899 |
83,095 | Kelly is known for posing the reconstruction conjecture with his advisor Ulam, which states that every graph is uniquely determined by the ensemble of subgraphs formed by deleting one vertex in each possible way. He also proved a special case of this conjecture, for trees.He is the coauthor of three textbooks: Projecti... | Paul Kelly (mathematician) | 0.783899 |
83,096 | In mathematics and theoretical physics, a tensor is antisymmetric on (or with respect to) an index subset if it alternates sign (+/−) when any two indices of the subset are interchanged. The index subset must generally either be all covariant or all contravariant. For example, holds when the tensor is antisymmetric wit... | Antisymmetric tensor | 0.783899 |
83,097 | Machine translation is use of either rule-based or probabilistic (i.e. statistical and, most recently, neural network-based) machine learning approaches to translation of text or speech from one language to another, including the contextual, idiomatic and pragmatic nuances of both languages. | Translation engine | 0.783899 |
83,098 | Helium and nitrogen are rapidly mixed to the surface due to the large convective core and high mass loss, and their presence in the stellar wind creates the characteristic Wolf–Rayet emission spectrum. The ZAMS at very high masses curves back to cooler temperatures, and at LMC metallicities the maximum temperature pred... | Heaviest star | 0.783897 |
83,099 | The topology of a polymer chain or a polymer network is crucial in determining the macroscopic properties of a polymeric material, especially mechanical properties like elasticity and physical properties involving phase transitions. To date, several polymers with topological interest have been developed, which have bee... | Topological polymers | 0.783896 |
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