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84,700 | Since 2001, the RoboJackets have run Technology Enrichment Sessions (TE Sessions) each fall to expose high school students to science, technology, engineering and mathematics. The sessions, typically 10 weeks in length, focus on concepts and skills needed to participate in the FIRST Robotics Competition. The sessions c... | RoboJackets | 0.78319 |
84,701 | Coon building. In 2003, due to renovations of the Coon building and the mechanical engineering department's move to new buildings, the RoboJackets were moved across the alley to the "Tin Building". After the move, the organization expanded to encompass a new IGVC team (started in 2003) and a RoboCup team (started in 20... | RoboJackets | 0.78319 |
84,702 | RoboJackets is a group of Georgia Tech students, faculty, and alumni that aims to enhance the understanding of the field of robotics and its applications. The team also strives to increase of the number of students exposed to it. The group, located in the Student Competition Center, allows students to engage in a wide ... | RoboJackets | 0.78319 |
84,703 | In an article in AI & Society, Boyles and Joaquin maintain that such AIs would not be that friendly considering the following: the infinite amount of antecedent counterfactual conditions that would have to be programmed into a machine, the difficulty of cashing out the set of moral values—that is, those that are more i... | Friendly artificial intelligence | 0.783188 |
84,704 | Some critics believe that both human-level AI and superintelligence are unlikely, and that therefore friendly AI is unlikely. Writing in The Guardian, Alan Winfield compares human-level artificial intelligence with faster-than-light travel in terms of difficulty, and states that while we need to be "cautious and prepar... | Friendly artificial intelligence | 0.783188 |
84,705 | Apollonius (c. 200 BC) discussed evolutes in Book V of his Conics. However, Huygens is sometimes credited with being the first to study them (1673). Huygens formulated his theory of evolutes sometime around 1659 to help solve the problem of finding the tautochrone curve, which in turn helped him construct an isochronou... | Evolute | 0.783188 |
84,706 | In the differential geometry of curves, the evolute of a curve is the locus of all its centers of curvature. That is to say that when the center of curvature of each point on a curve is drawn, the resultant shape will be the evolute of that curve. The evolute of a circle is therefore a single point at its center. Equiv... | Evolute | 0.783188 |
84,707 | (See the diagrams of the evolutes of the parabola, the ellipse, the cycloid and the nephroid.) For any arc of the evolute that does not include a cusp, the length of the arc equals the difference between the radii of curvature at its endpoints. This fact leads to an easy proof of the Tait–Kneser theorem on nesting of o... | Evolute | 0.783188 |
84,708 | Thus, in the presence of matter, space-time becomes non-Euclidean, resolving the apparent conflict between Newton's proof of the conservation of angular momentum and Einstein's theory of special relativity.Mach's question regarding the bulging of rotating bodies is resolved because local space-time geometry is informin... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,709 | According to Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity, instantaneous action at a distance violates the relativistic upper limit on speed of propagation of information. If one of the interacting objects were to suddenly be displaced from its position, the other object would feel its influence instantaneously, mean... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,710 | Direct interaction electrodynamics is explicitly symmetrical in time and avoids the infinite energy predicted in the field immediately surrounding point particles. Feynman and Wheeler have shown that it can account for radiation and radiative damping (which had been considered strong evidence for the independent existe... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,711 | This resulted in the Fokker-Tetrode-Schwarzschild action integral. This kind of electrodynamic theory is often called "direct interaction" to distinguish it from field theories where action at a distance is mediated by a localized field (localized in the sense that its dynamics are determined by the nearby field parame... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,712 | (The mathematical proof is valid only in the case of a Euclidean geometry.) Gravity is also known as a force of attraction between two objects because of their mass. From a Newtonian perspective, action at a distance can be regarded as "a phenomenon in which a change in intrinsic properties of one system induces a chan... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,713 | This term was used most often in the context of early theories of gravity and electromagnetism to describe how an object responds to the influence of distant objects. For example, Coulomb's law and Newton's law of universal gravitation are such early theories. More generally, "action at a distance" describes the failur... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,714 | In physics, action at a distance is the concept that an object can be affected without being physically touched (as in mechanical contact) by another object. That is, it is the non-local interaction of objects that are separated in space. Non-contact forces is action at a distance affecting specifically an object's mot... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,715 | Many advocates of the many-worlds interpretation argue that it can explain these correlations in a way that does not require a violation of locality, by allowing measurements to have non-unique outcomes. If "action" is defined as a force, physical work or information, then it should be stated clearly that entanglement ... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,716 | Interpretations of quantum mechanics vary in their response to the EPR-type experiments. The Bohm interpretation gives an explanation based on nonlocal hidden variables for the correlations seen in entanglement. | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,717 | In the 1960s John Bell derived an inequality that indicated a testable difference between the predictions of quantum mechanics and local hidden variables theories. To date, all experiments testing Bell-type inequalities in situations analogous to the EPR thought experiment have results consistent with the predictions o... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,718 | Since the early twentieth century, quantum mechanics has posed new challenges for the view that physical processes should obey locality. Whether quantum entanglement counts as action-at-a-distance hinges on the nature of the wave function and decoherence, issues over which there is still considerable debate among scien... | Action at a distance | 0.783185 |
84,719 | Analytical Chemistry Services Engineered Solutions Contract Research and Development == References == | NanoScale Corporation | 0.783185 |
84,720 | NanoScale developed, manufactured, and sold nano-crystalline metal oxides and other materials for a wide array of applications, including odor neutralization, hazardous chemical neutralization, and environmental remediation. Scientists affiliated with NanoScale Corporation have collaborated to write, and publish, many ... | NanoScale Corporation | 0.783185 |
84,721 | An alternative derivation of the maximum likelihood estimator can be performed via matrix calculus formulae (see also differential of a determinant and differential of the inverse matrix). It also verifies the aforementioned fact about the maximum likelihood estimate of the mean. Re-write the likelihood in the log form... | Estimation of covariance matrices | 0.783184 |
84,722 | Then the expression above becomes det ( S ) − n 2 det ( B ) n 2 exp ( − 1 2 tr ( B ) ) . {\displaystyle \det(S)^{-{\frac {n}{2}}}\det(B)^{\frac {n}{2}}\exp \left(-{1 \over 2}\operatorname {tr} (B)\right).} The positive-definite matrix B can be diagonalized, and then the problem of finding the value of B that maximi... | Estimation of covariance matrices | 0.783184 |
84,723 | It follows from the spectral theorem of linear algebra that a positive-definite symmetric matrix S has a unique positive-definite symmetric square root S1/2. We can again use the "cyclic property" of the trace to write det ( Σ ) − n 2 exp ( − 1 2 tr ( S 1 2 Σ − 1 S 1 2 ) ) . {\displaystyle \det(\Sigma )^{-{\frac {n... | Estimation of covariance matrices | 0.783184 |
84,724 | In statistics, sometimes the covariance matrix of a multivariate random variable is not known but has to be estimated. Estimation of covariance matrices then deals with the question of how to approximate the actual covariance matrix on the basis of a sample from the multivariate distribution. Simple cases, where observ... | Estimation of covariance matrices | 0.783184 |
84,725 | Sedimentary rocks provide a multitude of products which modern and ancient society has come to utilise. Art: marble, although a metamorphosed limestone, is an example of the use of sedimentary rocks in the pursuit of aesthetics and art Architectural uses: stone derived from sedimentary rocks is used for dimension stone... | Sedimentary geology | 0.783184 |
84,726 | The methods employed by sedimentologists to gather data and evidence on the nature and depositional conditions of sedimentary rocks include; Measuring and describing the outcrop and distribution of the rock unit; Describing the rock formation, a formal process of documenting thickness, lithology, outcrop, distribution,... | Sedimentary geology | 0.783184 |
84,727 | The concept of magnetic fields being frozen into fluids with infinite electrical conductivity was first proposed by Hannes Alfvén in a 1943 paper titled "On the Existence of Electromagnetic-Hydrodynamic Waves" published in the journal Arkiv för matematik, astronomi och fysik. He wrote: In view of the infinite conductiv... | Alfvén's Theorem | 0.783181 |
84,728 | Kelvin's circulation theorem states that vortex tubes moving with an ideal fluid are frozen to the fluid, analogous to how magnetic flux tubes moving with a perfectly conducting ideal-MHD fluid are frozen to the fluid. The ideal induction equation takes the same form as the equation for vorticity ω = ∇ × v in an ideal ... | Alfvén's Theorem | 0.783181 |
84,729 | Informally, Alfvén's theorem refers to the fundamental result in ideal magnetohydrodynamic theory that electrically conducting fluids and the magnetic fields within are constrained to move together in the limit of large magnetic Reynolds numbers (Rm)—such as when the fluid is a perfect conductor or when velocity and le... | Alfvén's Theorem | 0.783181 |
84,730 | In mathematical terms, Alfvén's theorem states that, in an electrically conducting fluid in the limit of a large magnetic Reynolds number, the magnetic flux ΦB through an orientable, open material surface advected by a macroscopic, space- and time-dependent velocity field v is constant, or D Φ B D t = 0 , {\displaystyl... | Alfvén's Theorem | 0.783181 |
84,731 | Alfvén's theorem is frequently expressed in terms of magnetic flux tubes and magnetic field lines. A magnetic flux tube is a tube- or cylinder-like region of space containing a magnetic field such that its sides are everywhere parallel to the field. Consequently, the magnetic flux through these sides is zero, and the c... | Alfvén's Theorem | 0.783181 |
84,732 | Alfvén's theorem indicates that the magnetic field topology cannot change in a perfectly conducting fluid. However, this would lead to highly tangled magnetic fields with very complicated topologies that should impede the fluid motions. Astrophysical plasmas with high electrical conductivities do not generally show suc... | Alfvén's Theorem | 0.783181 |
84,733 | Fix a base field k and let L i e ( x 1 , … , x n ) {\displaystyle {\mathcal {Lie}}(x_{1},\dots ,x_{n})} denote the free Lie algebra over k with generators x 1 , … , x n {\displaystyle x_{1},\dots ,x_{n}} and L i e ( n ) ⊂ L i e ( x 1 , … , x n ) {\displaystyle {\mathcal {Lie}}(n)\subset {\mathcal {Lie}}(x_{1},\dots ,x_... | Lie operad | 0.783181 |
84,734 | The Koszul-dual of L i e {\displaystyle {\mathcal {Lie}}} is the commutative-ring operad, an operad whose algebras are the commutative rings over k. | Lie operad | 0.783181 |
84,735 | In mathematics, the Lie operad is an operad whose algebras are Lie algebras. The notion (at least one version) was introduced by Ginzburg & Kapranov (1994) in their formulation of Koszul duality. | Lie operad | 0.783181 |
84,736 | Ross moved back to Chicago and led the mathematics department at an experimental school started by Ph.D.s during the Great Depression, People's Junior College, where he also taught physics. Ross became an assistant professor at St. Louis University in 1935 and stayed for about 11 years. | PROMYS | 0.78318 |
84,737 | Ross earned a M.S. degree and finished his Ph.D. in number theory at the University of Chicago in 1931 with Dickson as his adviser. | PROMYS | 0.78318 |
84,738 | Ross used his salary from a year at the shop to enroll for one term at the University of Chicago in Moore's course. Moore gave Ross special attention, knowing his untraditional background, and arranged for Ross to attend the topology class as the sole undergraduate.In Moore's teaching style, he would propose a conjectu... | PROMYS | 0.78318 |
84,739 | Ross left Odesa—now part of Ukraine—in 1922 with the intention of returning to Chicago and studying topology with E. H. Moore at the University of Chicago. After negotiating his way home, he worked at a family friend's bookbinding shop and continued to learn English at the Lewis Institute. He also changed his surname f... | PROMYS | 0.78318 |
84,740 | During this time, Ross was not taught with textbooks or lectured on geometric proofs. His geometry teacher would ask the class to prove and justify ideas on the blackboard per trial and error. Many universities were closed due to the famine, but Odesa University reopened and let a small group of adolescents attend, inc... | PROMYS | 0.78318 |
84,741 | The AlloSphere is a research facility in a theatre-like pavilion in a spherical shape, of opaque material, used to project computer-generated imagery and sounds. Included are GIS, scientific, artistic, and other information. Located at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB) the AlloSphere grew out of the sc... | AlloSphere | 0.783176 |
84,742 | This property is useful in image recognition. An image of an object is easily scaled when the object is moved towards or away from the camera. In quantum mechanics and especially quantum field theory, Fourier space is enormously useful and used extensively because momentum and position are Fourier transforms of each ot... | Mellin transformation | 0.783175 |
84,743 | The Mellin Transform is widely used in computer science for the analysis of algorithmsbecause of its scale invariance property. The magnitude of the Mellin Transform of a scaled function is identical to the magnitude of the original function for purely imaginary inputs. This scale invariance property is analogous to th... | Mellin transformation | 0.783175 |
84,744 | In probability theory, the Mellin transform is an essential tool in studying the distributions of products of random variables. If X is a random variable, and X+ = max{X,0} denotes its positive part, while X − = max{−X,0} is its negative part, then the Mellin transform of X is defined as M X ( s ) = ∫ 0 ∞ x s d F X + (... | Mellin transformation | 0.783175 |
84,745 | Is Mars Habitable? follows a similar theme, but is more of a reply and refutation of the book Mars and Its Canals (1906) by astronomer Percival Lowell. Lowell famously argued that an advanced, intelligent civilization engineered Martian canals on the surface of the planet, a now-discredited idea. Wallace's book evaluat... | Is Mars Habitable? | 0.783174 |
84,746 | In physics, nonlinear resonance is the occurrence of resonance in a nonlinear system. In nonlinear resonance the system behaviour – resonance frequencies and modes – depends on the amplitude of the oscillations, while for linear systems this is independent of amplitude. The mixing of modes in non-linear systems is term... | Nonlinear resonance | 0.783173 |
84,747 | Various researchers cited by Wired have classified adversarial hallucinations as a high-dimensional statistical phenomenon, or have attributed hallucinations to insufficient training data. Some researchers believe that some "incorrect" AI responses classified by humans as "hallucinations" in the case of object detectio... | Hallucination (artificial intelligence) | 0.783173 |
84,748 | The concept of "hallucination" is applied more broadly than just natural language processing. A confident response from any AI that seems unjustified by the training data can be labeled a hallucination. An early public example was when AlphaGo made a bizarre move 78 in the fourth challenge match against Lee Sedol in 20... | Hallucination (artificial intelligence) | 0.783173 |
84,749 | While attorneys swear an oath to set aside their personal prejudices, biases, and beliefs to faithfully uphold the law and represent their clients, generative artificial intelligence is the product of programming devised by humans who did not have to swear such an oath. As such, these systems hold no allegiance to any ... | Hallucination (artificial intelligence) | 0.783173 |
84,750 | Asked about astrophysical magnetic fields, ChatGPT incorrectly volunteered that "(strong) magnetic fields of black holes are generated by the extremely strong gravitational forces in their vicinity". (In reality, as a consequence of the no-hair theorem, a black hole without an accretion disk is believed to have no magn... | Hallucination (artificial intelligence) | 0.783173 |
84,751 | In the field of artificial intelligence (AI), a hallucination or artificial hallucination (also called confabulation or delusion) is a confident response by an AI that does not seem to be justified by its training data. For example, a hallucinating chatbot might, when asked to generate a financial report for a company,... | Hallucination (artificial intelligence) | 0.783173 |
84,752 | In natural language processing, a hallucination is often defined as "generated content that is nonsensical or unfaithful to the provided source content". Depending on whether the output contradicts the prompt or not they could be divided to closed-domain and open-domain respectively.Hallucination was shown to be a stat... | Hallucination (artificial intelligence) | 0.783173 |
84,753 | Native libraries can be called from Java code running under the Android Runtime using System.loadLibrary, part of the standard Android Java classes.Command-line tools can be compiled with the NDK and installed using adb.Android uses Bionic as its C library, and the LLVM libc++ as its C++ Standard Library. The NDK also ... | Android NDK | 0.783173 |
84,754 | The other effects of general relativity on clustering statistics are observed when the light from a background galaxy passes near, or through, a closer galaxy or cluster. These two effects are the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect (ISW) and gravitational lensing. In ISW, when a photon passes through a low area of gravitati... | Redshift-space distortions | 0.783172 |
84,755 | It is caused by a Doppler shift associated with the random peculiar velocities of galaxies bound in structures such as clusters. The large velocities that lead to this effect are associated with the gravity of the cluster by means of the virial theorem; they change the observed redshifts of the galaxies in the cluster.... | Redshift-space distortions | 0.783172 |
84,756 | Regulating Lines is a design concept in architecture, which uses proportions of geometry in buildings giving its harmony and order. A prominent architect who espoused this concept was Le Corbusier. | Regulating Lines | 0.783171 |
84,757 | The AuroraMax project is an outreach and education initiative carried out by the combined effort of The Canadian Space Agency, Astronomy North, University of Calgary and The city of Yellowknife in Yellowknife Northwest Territories. The AuroraMax provides a place to explore and discover the wonder and science behind phe... | Aurora Max | 0.78317 |
84,758 | 1,2-Bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane (dmpe) is a diphosphine ligand in coordination chemistry. It is a colorless, air-sensitive liquid that is soluble in organic solvents. With the formula (CH2PMe2)2, dmpe is used as a compact strongly basic spectator ligand (Me = methyl), Representative complexes include V(dmpe)2(BH4)2, M... | 1,2-Bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane | 0.78317 |
84,759 | Semiclassical Transition State Theory (SCTST) is an efficient chemical rate theory, which aims to calculate accurate rate constants of chemical reactions, including nuclear quantum effects such as tunnelling, from ab initio quantum chemistry. The method makes use of the semiclassical WKB wavefunction, Bohr-sommerfeld t... | Semiclassical transition state theory | 0.78317 |
84,760 | Microsoft SQL Server Master Data Services (MDS) is a Master Data Management (MDM) product from Microsoft that ships as a part of the Microsoft SQL Server relational database management system. Master data management (MDM) allows an organization to discover and define non-transactional lists of data, and compile maintai... | Microsoft SQL Server Master Data Services | 0.783167 |
84,761 | The DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (DECIGO) is a proposed Japanese, space-based, gravitational wave observatory. It was first described as a "short range space gravity wave antenna" (短距離型スペース重力波アンテナ, Tankyorigata Supēsu Jūryokuha Antena) in a presentation given by Seiji Kawamura in an October ... | Deci-hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory | 0.783166 |
84,762 | N-Iodosuccinimide (NIS) is a reagent used in organic chemistry for the iodination of alkenes and as a mild oxidant.NIS is the iodine analog of N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS) and N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) which are used for similar applications. == References == | N-Iodosuccinimide | 0.783164 |
84,763 | which show the authority constraints for a given individual or a given group.While this innovative visual language is an essential feature of time geography, Hägerstrand's colleague Bo Lenntorp emphasized that it is the product of an underlying ontology, and "not the other way around. | Time geography | 0.783164 |
84,764 | The Swedish geographer Torsten Hägerstrand created time geography in the mid-1960s based on ideas he had developed during his earlier empirical research on human migration patterns in Sweden. He sought "some way of finding out the workings of large socio-environmental mechanisms" using "a physical approach involving th... | Time geography | 0.783164 |
84,765 | Time geography or time-space geography is an evolving transdisciplinary perspective on spatial and temporal processes and events such as social interaction, ecological interaction, social and environmental change, and biographies of individuals. Time geography "is not a subject area per se", but rather an integrative o... | Time geography | 0.783164 |
84,766 | On the other hand one ought to be able to imagine it with sufficient clarity for it to be of guidance in empirical and theoretical research. "By 1981, geographers Nigel Thrift and Allan Pred were already defending time geography against those who would see it "merely as a rigid descriptive model of spatial and temporal... | Time geography | 0.783164 |
84,767 | In the field of hyperbolic geometry, the hexagonal tiling honeycomb is one of 11 regular paracompact honeycombs in 3-dimensional hyperbolic space. It is paracompact because it has cells composed of an infinite number of faces. Each cell is a hexagonal tiling whose vertices lie on a horosphere, a surface in hyperbolic s... | Cantellated hexagonal tiling honeycomb | 0.78316 |
84,768 | The space ℓ q used for the discrete definition can be replaced by an arbitrary sequence space Y with unconditional basis, and the weights an = 2−θn, bn = 2(1−θ)n, that are used for the Kθ,q-norm, can be replaced by general weights a n , b n > 0 , ∑ n = 1 ∞ min ( a n , b n ) < ∞ . {\displaystyle a_{n},b_{n}>0,\ \ \sum _... | Complex interpolation | 0.783157 |
84,769 | There is also a reiteration theorem for the complex method. Theorem. Let (X0, X1) be a compatible couple of complex Banach spaces, and assume that X0 ∩ X1 is dense in X0 and in X1. | Complex interpolation | 0.783157 |
84,770 | An intermediate space X of the compatible couple (X0, X1) is said to be of class θ if ( X 0 , X 1 ) θ , 1 ⊂ X ⊂ ( X 0 , X 1 ) θ , ∞ , {\displaystyle (X_{0},X_{1})_{\theta ,1}\subset X\subset (X_{0},X_{1})_{\theta ,\infty },} with continuous injections. Beside all real interpolation spaces (X0, X1)θ,q with parameter θ a... | Complex interpolation | 0.783157 |
84,771 | Lions and Peetre have proved that: Theorem. If the linear operator T is compact from X0 to a Banach space Y and bounded from X1 to Y, then T is compact from (X0, X1)θ,q to Y when 0 < θ < 1, 1 ≤ q ≤ ∞.Davis, Figiel, Johnson and Pełczyński have used interpolation in their proof of the following result: Theorem. A bounded... | Complex interpolation | 0.783157 |
84,772 | Unlike classical digital states (which are discrete), a qubit is continuous-valued, describable by a direction on the Bloch sphere. Despite being continuously valued in this way, a qubit is the smallest possible unit of quantum information, and despite the qubit state being continuous-valued, it is impossible to measur... | Quantum Information | 0.783157 |
84,773 | In the 1980s, interest arose in whether it might be possible to use quantum effects to disprove Einstein's theory of relativity. If it were possible to clone an unknown quantum state, it would be possible to use entangled quantum states to transmit information faster than the speed of light, disproving Einstein's theor... | Quantum Information | 0.783157 |
84,774 | In 1960s, Stratonovich, Helstrom and Gordon proposed a formulation of optical communications using quantum mechanics. This was the first historical appearance of quantum information theory. They mainly studied error probabilities and channel capacities for communication. Later, Alexander Holevo obtained an upper bound ... | Quantum Information | 0.783157 |
84,775 | Despite all the excitement and interest over studying isolated quantum systems and trying to find a way to circumvent the theory of relativity, research in quantum information theory became stagnant in the 1980s. However, around the same time another avenue started dabbling into quantum information and computation: Cry... | Quantum Information | 0.783157 |
84,776 | no-broadcast theorem, which prevents an arbitrary qubit from being delivered to multiple recipients, although it can be transported from place to place (e.g. via quantum teleportation). no-hiding theorem, which demonstrates the conservation of quantum information.These theorems are proven from unitarity, which accordin... | Quantum Information | 0.783157 |
84,777 | no-teleportation theorem, which states that a qubit cannot be (wholly) converted into classical bits; that is, it cannot be fully "read". no-cloning theorem, which prevents an arbitrary qubit from being copied. no-deleting theorem, which prevents an arbitrary qubit from being deleted. | Quantum Information | 0.783157 |
84,778 | The Balian–Low theorem has been extended to exact Gabor frames. | Balian–Low theorem | 0.783156 |
84,779 | Suppose g is a square-integrable function on the real line, and consider the so-called Gabor system g m , n ( x ) = e 2 π i m b x g ( x − n a ) , {\displaystyle g_{m,n}(x)=e^{2\pi imbx}g(x-na),} for integers m and n, and a,b>0 satisfying ab=1. The Balian–Low theorem states that if { g m , n: m , n ∈ Z } {\displaystyle ... | Balian–Low theorem | 0.783156 |
84,780 | In mathematics, the Balian–Low theorem in Fourier analysis is named for Roger Balian and Francis E. Low. The theorem states that there is no well-localized window function (or Gabor atom) g either in time or frequency for an exact Gabor frame (Riesz Basis). | Balian–Low theorem | 0.783156 |
84,781 | Another application of bioprinting in the field of drug delivery is non-hydrogel drug delivery systems. These systems allow localized delivery of personalized drugs. The implants are printed in the same additive manufacturing manner as hydrogels, using various flexible bio-inks, and then loaded with drugs and inserted ... | Bioprinting drug delivery | 0.783154 |
84,782 | Bioprinting drug delivery is a method of using the three-dimensional printing of biomaterials through an additive manufacturing technique to develop drug delivery vehicles that are biocompatible tissue-specific hydrogels or implantable devices. 3D bioprinting uses printed cells and biological molecules to manufacture t... | Bioprinting drug delivery | 0.783154 |
84,783 | Studies have been conducted that show the use of 3D printing to develop indwelling bladder devices with an elastic polymer bio-ink that delivered lidocaine hydrochloride directly to the site of action. This method offers treatments for severe bladder diseases. 3D printing pursuable vascular constructs have also been ex... | Bioprinting drug delivery | 0.783154 |
84,784 | Researchers have also studied 3D printing a bladder device for intravesical drug delivery. This method takes a slightly different approach than the above-mentioned procedure of loading an implant with a specific drug. Instead, intravesical instillation provides an alternative to oral medication and offers high drug con... | Bioprinting drug delivery | 0.783154 |
84,785 | Researchers printed several implants out of a flexible resin that contained 0.5% levofloxacin, then conducted several mechanical and in vitro tests to evaluate the ability of the implants to release the levofloxacin. The results showed no interaction between the resin and the drug, the resistance of the implant without... | Bioprinting drug delivery | 0.783154 |
84,786 | A few examples of this can be seen in a study that resulted in a self-folding hydrogel in vitro model for ductal carcinoma. The goal of this study was to create a self-folding approach to curved hydrogel microstructures to mimic the geometry of ducts and acini within mammary glands. The researchers used microstructures... | Bioprinting drug delivery | 0.783154 |
84,787 | Since proteins have been seen as effective bio-ink candidates for drug delivery hydrogels, several applications exist for using proteins as bio-inks for 3D printing. Bertassoni et al. experimented to bioprint cell-laden methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels at concentrations ranging from 7 to 15% with varying cell de... | Bioprinting drug delivery | 0.783154 |
84,788 | Since interpretation of continuous EEG monitoring requires a trained neurologist, automated interpretation software has been proposed. Algorithms and machine learning have been studied, however logistical and mathematic challenges remain. | Neonatal seizure | 0.783153 |
84,789 | {\displaystyle \mathbb {C} ^{*}.} An important insight of Deligne is that in the mixed case there is a more complicated noncommutative proalgebraic group that can be used to the same effect using Tannakian formalism. Moreover, the category of (mixed) Hodge structures admits a good notion of tensor product, correspondin... | Hodge filtration | 0.783152 |
84,790 | A mixed Hodge structure on an abelian group H Z {\displaystyle H_{\mathbb {Z} }} consists of a finite decreasing filtration Fp on the complex vector space H (the complexification of H Z {\displaystyle H_{\mathbb {Z} }} ), called the Hodge filtration and a finite increasing filtration Wi on the rational vector space H Q... | Hodge filtration | 0.783152 |
84,791 | Debarre, Olivier, Periods and Moduli Arapura, Donu, Complex Algebraic Varieties and their Cohomology (PDF), pp. 120–123, archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-01-04 (Gives tools for computing hodge numbers using sheaf cohomology) A Naive Guide to Mixed Hodge Theory Dimca, Alexandru (1992). Singularities and Topology... | Hodge filtration | 0.783152 |
84,792 | In mathematics, a Hodge structure, named after W. V. D. Hodge, is an algebraic structure at the level of linear algebra, similar to the one that Hodge theory gives to the cohomology groups of a smooth and compact Kähler manifold. Hodge structures have been generalized for all complex varieties (even if they are singula... | Hodge filtration | 0.783152 |
84,793 | Statistics such as the bias ratio and first order autocorrelation are sometimes used to indicate the potential presence of these problems. While the Treynor ratio considers only the systematic risk of a portfolio, the Sharpe ratio considers both systematic and idiosyncratic risks. Which one is more relevant will depend... | Sharpe ratio | 0.783152 |
84,794 | However, they also have resonance, including 1,3-dipole contributing structures: The most appropriate resonance structure is dependent upon the substituent pattern (the identity of the R and R′ groups). The 3-dimensional structure of the nitrilium ylide itself may also provide a clue as to the most appropriate resonanc... | Nitrile ylide | 0.783151 |
84,795 | Cartographers generate today stereopairs using computer programs in order to visualise topography in three dimensions. Computerised stereo visualisation applies stereo matching programs. In biology and chemistry, complex molecular structures are often rendered in stereopairs. The same technique can also be applied to a... | 3D viewer | 0.783151 |
84,796 | Stereopair photographs provided a way for 3-dimensional (3D) visualisations of aerial photographs; since about 2000, 3D aerial views are mainly based on digital stereo imaging technologies. One issue related to stereo images is the amount of disk space needed to save such files. Indeed, a stereo image usually requires ... | 3D viewer | 0.783151 |
84,797 | The content of the theorem becomes somewhat clearer if it is placed in its historical context. In the theory of representations of finite groups, one can form an object R {\displaystyle R} called the representation ring of G {\displaystyle G} in a way entirely analogous to the construction of the Burnside ring outline... | Segal's conjecture | 0.783149 |
84,798 | In the mathematical theory of functions of one or more complex variables, and also in complex algebraic geometry, a biholomorphism or biholomorphic function is a bijective holomorphic function whose inverse is also holomorphic. | Biholomorphic map | 0.783147 |
84,799 | If n = 1 , {\displaystyle n=1,} every simply connected open set other than the whole complex plane is biholomorphic to the unit disc (this is the Riemann mapping theorem). The situation is very different in higher dimensions. For example, open unit balls and open unit polydiscs are not biholomorphically equivalent for ... | Biholomorphic map | 0.783147 |
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