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The dataset generation failed
Error code: DatasetGenerationError
Exception: TypeError
Message: Couldn't cast array of type
struct<author: string, author_url: string, content_license: string, context_id: string, revision_attribution: list<item: struct<content_license: string, contributor: struct<display_name: string, profile_url: string, user_type: string>, created_at: timestamp[s], raw_file: string, raw_sha256: string, revision_guid: string, revision_number: int64, revision_type: string, revision_url: string>>, url: string, source_dataset: string, synthetic: bool>
to
{'author': Value('string'), 'author_url': Value('string'), 'content_license': Value('string'), 'context_id': Value('string'), 'revision_attribution': List({'content_license': Value('string'), 'contributor': {'display_name': Value('string'), 'profile_url': Value('string'), 'user_type': Value('string')}, 'created_at': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'raw_file': Value('string'), 'raw_sha256': Value('string'), 'revision_guid': Value('string'), 'revision_number': Value('int64'), 'revision_type': Value('string'), 'revision_url': Value('string')}), 'url': Value('string')}
Traceback: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1827, in _prepare_split_single
for key, table in generator:
^^^^^^^^^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 613, in wrapped
for item in generator(*args, **kwargs):
~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 343, in _generate_tables
self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 132, in _cast_table
pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2378, in table_cast
return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2312, in cast_table_to_schema
cast_array_to_feature(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
table[name] if name in table_column_names else pa.array([None] * len(table), type=schema.field(name).type),
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
feature,
^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 1861, in wrapper
return pa.chunked_array([func(chunk, *args, **kwargs) for chunk in array.chunks])
~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2118, in cast_array_to_feature
casted_array_values = _c(array.values, feature.feature)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 1863, in wrapper
return func(array, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2158, in cast_array_to_feature
raise TypeError(f"Couldn't cast array of type\n{_short_str(array.type)}\nto\n{_short_str(feature)}")
TypeError: Couldn't cast array of type
struct<author: string, author_url: string, content_license: string, context_id: string, revision_attribution: list<item: struct<content_license: string, contributor: struct<display_name: string, profile_url: string, user_type: string>, created_at: timestamp[s], raw_file: string, raw_sha256: string, revision_guid: string, revision_number: int64, revision_type: string, revision_url: string>>, url: string, source_dataset: string, synthetic: bool>
to
{'author': Value('string'), 'author_url': Value('string'), 'content_license': Value('string'), 'context_id': Value('string'), 'revision_attribution': List({'content_license': Value('string'), 'contributor': {'display_name': Value('string'), 'profile_url': Value('string'), 'user_type': Value('string')}, 'created_at': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'raw_file': Value('string'), 'raw_sha256': Value('string'), 'revision_guid': Value('string'), 'revision_number': Value('int64'), 'revision_type': Value('string'), 'revision_url': Value('string')}), 'url': Value('string')}
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 1369, in compute_config_parquet_and_info_response
parquet_operations, partial, estimated_dataset_info = stream_convert_to_parquet(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
builder, max_dataset_size_bytes=max_dataset_size_bytes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
)
^
File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/config/parquet_and_info.py", line 948, in stream_convert_to_parquet
builder._prepare_split(split_generator=splits_generators[split], file_format="parquet")
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1694, in _prepare_split
for job_id, done, content in self._prepare_split_single(
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^
gen_kwargs=gen_kwargs, job_id=job_id, **_prepare_split_args
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
):
^
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.14/site-packages/datasets/builder.py", line 1880, in _prepare_split_single
raise DatasetGenerationError("An error occurred while generating the dataset") from e
datasets.exceptions.DatasetGenerationError: An error occurred while generating the datasetNeed help to make the dataset viewer work? Make sure to review how to configure the dataset viewer, and open a discussion for direct support.
accepted_status dict | candidate_answers list | content_license string | context_sources list | contexts list | domain string | external_citations list | ground_truth_type string | group_id string | hard_case_family list | id string | oracle dict | provenance dict | query string | retrieval_challenge string | scores list | split string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
{
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{
"answer_html": "<p>I searched for this question and obtained the answer, which I will expand on.</p>\n<p>There is a mechanism called 'allele exclusion' (allelic exclusion),\nwhich means that when one of a pair of immunoglobulin/TCR genes is successfully reconstituted and\nbecomes a functional gene, the other... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Blue Various",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/53374/blue-various",
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"html": "<p>I have not been able to find any literature that clearly states this, but if I understand correctly, T and B cells are diploid.</p>\n<p>If so, there are two sets of genomes, and if both are TCR/VDJ reconstituted, it would seem that one cell would have two different TC... | biology | [
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"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | Why don't each of T and B cells make two different TCRs/antibodies, except for the class switch?
I have not been able to find any literature that clearly states this, but if I understand correctly, T and B cells are diploid.
If so, there are two sets of genomes, and if both are TCR/VDJ reconstituted, it would seem ... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112863,
"score": 0
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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{
"answer_html": "<p>Since, the topic itself is under research i would refrain from making bold assumptions but my hypothesis (based on evolutionary benefit; extra nutrient availability in pistil) is plausible enough and helpful for understanding your topic, but before that let me explain to you some prerequisi... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "TheRedHyacinth",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76194/theredhyacinth",
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{
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"display_name":... | [
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"html": "<p>In over 60% of angiosperms, pollen grains are shed off at 2-celled stage (Vegetative cell and a generative cell) and in the other 40% it is shed off at 3-celled stage (Vegetative cell and 2 male gametes). During the pollen pistil interaction, if the pollen grain is 2-... | biology | [
"https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php?lebo1=1-13",
"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.589712/full"
] | metadata_grounded | ea3c2e40fc3a7e827df82fe0f3f0c55ad39be0f2bf97fd4799cb6efa23f294a9 | [
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"original_provenance": {
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"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
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"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | Why do pollen grains tend to remain in the 2 celled stage in most angiosperms?
In over 60% of angiosperms, pollen grains are shed off at 2-celled stage (Vegetative cell and a generative cell) and in the other 40% it is shed off at 3-celled stage (Vegetative cell and 2 male gametes). During the pollen pistil interaction... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112557,
"score": 1
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": 112582,
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{
"answer_html": "<p>Voltage is a <em>potential difference</em>. Membrane potential is a difference across a membrane. When you calculate a difference A - B or B - A, you get a number that has the same magnitude but opposite sign. So, if A is inside a cell and B is outside a cell, how do you know if the differe... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Jasmine",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76264/jasmine",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
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{
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"display_name": "Jasmine",
... | [
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"html": "<p>In Hodgkin and Huxley's articles (1952, J. Physiol.; 1990, Bulletin of Mathematical Biology), the gate variables are formulated as\n<a href=\"https://i.sstatic.net/t7PS1.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.sstatic.net/t7PS1.png\" alt=\"original form... | biology | [
"http://nelson.beckman.illinois.edu/courses/physl317/part1/Lec3_HHsection.pdf",
"https://i.sstatic.net/Uu73Y.png",
"https://i.sstatic.net/t7PS1.png",
"https://i.sstatic.net/xAxiO.png",
"https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4614-7320-6_127-3"
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"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
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"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | Why is there a negative sign before voltage in the gate variable functions of the Hodgkin-Huxley model?
In Hodgkin and Huxley's articles (1952, J. Physiol.; 1990, Bulletin of Mathematical Biology), the gate variables are formulated as
[image: original form; source: https://i.sstatic.net/t7PS1.png] (https://i.sstatic.ne... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112582,
"score": 1
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": 112588,
"scientific_correctness_verified": false
} | [
{
"answer_html": "<p>The restriction endonuclease (RE) isolated from <em>E. coli</em> K strain was a type I restriction endonuclease, identified/characterized by <a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5312500/\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Meselson and Yuan</a><sup>1</sup> in 1968. Type I REs are site speci... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Meenakshi",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76271/meenakshi",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
"revision_attribution": [
{
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"contributor": {
"display_name": "Meenaksh... | [
{
"context_id": "question",
"html": "<p>I kind of have confusion between the first restriction endonuclease to be isolated and discovered.\nIn class XII NCERT, it says that,\n"In the year 1963, the two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophage in Escherichia coli were discovered. ... | biology | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EcoRI#History",
"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5312500/",
"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.0500923102#sec-1",
"https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.0500923102#sec-2"
] | metadata_grounded | bdb23504291692042bc7c149ddd3faf3287589a180c484749a39813aa199c3c3 | [
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"original_provenance": {
"attribution_required": true,
"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
"license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
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"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | Which was the first restriction endonuclease to be isolated?
I kind of have confusion between the first restriction endonuclease to be isolated and discovered.
In class XII NCERT, it says that,
"In the year 1963, the two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophage in Escherichia coli were discovered... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112588,
"score": 4
}
] | train |
{
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"scientific_correctness_verified": false
} | [
{
"answer_html": "<p>From my experience, this is definitely a species of Coprinopsis, as you said. However, when it comes to this and related genera I find that the great diversity of species makes it pretty hard to pin down IDs. Coprinopsis martinii/acuminata like you suggested indeed seem pretty promising app... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Living.my.cottagcore.dream",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76277/living-my-cottagcore-dream",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
"revision_attribution": [
{
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"contributor": {
... | [
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"html": "<p>I'm new at trying to describe mushrooms though I will try my best.</p>\n<ul>\n<li>subtract from growth : grass</li>\n<li>color : light grey/brown then a faded orange at the top</li>\n<li>gill color is also light brown</li>\n<li>ovate shape</li>\n<li>believe the gills ... | biology | [
"https://i.sstatic.net/sKORF.jpg"
] | metadata_grounded | 9fa9478c0ec2422160785ecf55ec51d0390d2c1ef80b3a22b19657eada16bbe6 | [
"no_accepted_answer"
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"original_provenance": {
"attribution_required": true,
"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
"license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
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"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | Trying to identify a mushroom found in my backyard
I'm new at trying to describe mushrooms though I will try my best.
subtract from growth : grass
color : light grey/brown then a faded orange at the top
gill color is also light brown
ovate shape
believe the gills attachment is adnate
I think th... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112602,
"score": 2
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": 112630,
"scientific_correctness_verified": false
} | [
{
"answer_html": "<p>I found <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrmarachne_formicaria\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">this ant mimicking spider</a>. Could it have been a female? The green legs don´t fit and the 4(?) white dots. I don´t have much experience with spiders, but that might just be variation of t... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Faloney",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76280/faloney",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
"revision_attribution": [
{
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"contributor": {
"display_name": "Faloney",
... | [
{
"context_id": "question",
"html": "<p><a href=\"https://i.sstatic.net/CsvIb.jpg\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.sstatic.net/CsvIb.jpg\" alt=\"enter image description here\" /></a>I saw this tiny insect and I first thought it was an ant because of the body shape. However its legs were re... | biology | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant_mimicry#Spiders",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliophanus",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumping_spider",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrmarachne_formicaria",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spider_anatomy#Abdomen",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spider_anatomy#Ce... | metadata_grounded | f126d0ea11f40f1a2db8319f8a487182e70e19a84c74f0086c6a109af5d90645 | [
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"citation_heavy",
"multiple_answer_candidates"
] | RHM-82eaf6de0c15682c0b404423 | {
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"original_provenance": {
"attribution_required": true,
"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
"license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | I’ve been searching the internet for days and I can’t seem to find out what insect this is, can anyone help?
[image: enter image description here; source: https://i.sstatic.net/CsvIb.jpg] (https://i.sstatic.net/CsvIb.jpg)I saw this tiny insect and I first thought it was an ant because of the body shape. However its leg... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112605,
"score": 1
},
{
"answer_id": 112630,
"score": 4
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": 112603,
"scientific_correctness_verified": false
} | [
{
"answer_html": "<p>It's a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tube_worm\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Tube Worm</a>.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://i.sstatic.net/QLLmE.png\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.sstatic.net/QLLmE.png\" alt=\"Squiggled tubes on a rock\" /></a></p>\n<p><sup>Calcareous... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Katie Mulholland",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76287/katie-mulholland",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
"revision_attribution": [
{
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"contributor": {
"display_na... | [
{
"context_id": "question",
"html": "<p>This is Calcareus tube worm and Was found and Located on Culebra Island, Puerto Rico</p>\n<p>Picture 1: A up close image of the shell</p>\n<p>Picture 2: a view of the top part of the shell showing the shells coloring.</p>\n<p>Credits for the answer: @Jiminy Cricket</p... | biology | [
"http://www.seasky.org/deep-sea/giant-tube-worm.html",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tube_worm",
"https://gohiking.ca/animals/fish/marine-worms/calcareous-tube-worm/",
"https://i.sstatic.net/FBwWk.jpg",
"https://i.sstatic.net/Gg4Xb.png",
"https://i.sstatic.net/QLLmE.png",
"https://i.sstatic.net/Ysa4U.j... | metadata_grounded | 24c0e7bb3d25ed20066b18b334b79ea1cf4d806a3c5141a3baf6e85ea2099bd7 | [
"multiple_sources",
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] | RHM-8317c57a4ffc68353b62d73f | {
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"rules_version": "scientific_metadata_v3"
} | {
"original_provenance": {
"attribution_required": true,
"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
"license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | What type of shell is this?(Answered)
This is Calcareus tube worm and Was found and Located on Culebra Island, Puerto Rico
Picture 1: A up close image of the shell
Picture 2: a view of the top part of the shell showing the shells coloring.
Credits for the answer: @Jiminy Cricket
Website Credits:
htt... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112603,
"score": 1
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": 112629,
"scientific_correctness_verified": false
} | [
{
"answer_html": "<p>This is a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beetle\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">beetle</a> rather than a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termite\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">termite</a>:\nin comparison to a termite, most beetles have sclerotized forewings (so-called <a href=... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "mherzl",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76297/mherzl",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
"revision_attribution": [
{
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"contributor": {
"display_name": "mherzl",
... | [
{
"context_id": "question",
"html": "<p>Noticed this bug on my kitchen floor, and am wondering whether it is a termite:</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://i.sstatic.net/yPA4a.jpg\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.sstatic.net/yPA4a.jpg\" alt=\"enter image description here\" /></a>\n<a href=\"https://... | biology | [
"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cluster_of_Dead_Formosan_Termites.jpg?fastcci_from=398956&c1=398956&d1=15&s=200&a=list",
"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Heterotermes_alates.jpg?fastcci_from=398956&c1=398956&d1=15&s=200&a=list",
"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isoptera.jpg",
"https:/... | metadata_grounded | efae4cbf3cdb554abc8f3d5497c127c627d8b305c7c75d7ba8e63b46eebbae52 | [
"multiple_sources",
"citation_heavy"
] | RHM-7ba83df41bbabd99707d9dde | {
"canonical_answer": null,
"rules_version": "scientific_metadata_v3"
} | {
"original_provenance": {
"attribution_required": true,
"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
"license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | Is this bug a termite?
Noticed this bug on my kitchen floor, and am wondering whether it is a termite:
[image: enter image description here; source: https://i.sstatic.net/yPA4a.jpg] (https://i.sstatic.net/yPA4a.jpg)
[image: enter image description here; source: https://i.sstatic.net/6rZ1h.jpg] (https://i.sstatic.ne... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112629,
"score": 5
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"scientific_correctness_verified": false
} | [
{
"answer_html": "<p>This is a <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heteroptera\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">true bug (Heteroptera)</a>, likely a nymph of the family <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyparochromidae\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\">Rhyparochromidae</a>. Until recently, this family was p... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Monkeywrench",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76303/monkeywrench",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
"revision_attribution": [
{
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"contributor": {
"display_name": "Mo... | [
{
"context_id": "question",
"html": "<p>The creature in the attached photos just started appearing in small numbers<a href=\"https://i.sstatic.net/2UsT7.jpg\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer\"><img src=\"https://i.sstatic.net/2UsT7.jpg\" alt=\"insect, actual size\" /></a> in various locations inside my home. Woul... | biology | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geocoris",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heteroptera",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyparochromidae",
"https://i.sstatic.net/1IjBG.jpg",
"https://i.sstatic.net/2UsT7.jpg",
"https://i.sstatic.net/GnRLn.jpg",
"https://i.sstatic.net/XjSHC.png"
] | metadata_grounded | df7503caac11722886a3ed40bbc1301362519b68e1990080d0945d2fb0708afe | [
"no_accepted_answer",
"multiple_sources",
"citation_heavy"
] | RHM-578ae0295dafd4be57eef45a | {
"canonical_answer": null,
"rules_version": "scientific_metadata_v3"
} | {
"original_provenance": {
"attribution_required": true,
"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
"license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | Need help identifying insects in home, Morgan Hill CA
The creature in the attached photos just started appearing in small numbers[image: insect, actual size; source: https://i.sstatic.net/2UsT7.jpg] (https://i.sstatic.net/2UsT7.jpg) in various locations inside my home. Would like to positively identify.
[image: ins... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112628,
"score": 2
}
] | train |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"scientific_correctness_verified": false
} | [
{
"answer_html": "<p>This entirely depends on what you want to get out of it. If you need the RNA or DNA, then trizol extraction can work, but no need to buy a special kit for it, just the trizol and chloroform will work too - though for <a href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroRNA\" rel=\"nofollow noreferr... | CC BY-SA 4.0 | [
{
"author": "Lara",
"author_url": "https://biology.stackexchange.com/users/76304/lara",
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"context_id": "question",
"revision_attribution": [
{
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"contributor": {
"display_name": "Lara",
"... | [
{
"context_id": "question",
"html": "<p>I need to extract total protein from 2mm skin biopsies for western blots.</p>\n<p>I was thinking about <code>miRNeasy Micro Kit (50) Cat. #217084</code> while it's ok for total RNA extraction, I am not sure if it is still fine for proteins. There's a trizol (quiazol) ... | biology | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagenase",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MicroRNA",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioimmunoprecipitation_assay_buffer"
] | metadata_grounded | 31da0db79be01fdd207929b306f2b781a9e81256626214e3c7bd556e8896f458 | [
"no_accepted_answer",
"multiple_sources"
] | RHM-24b72095896204d9191c1abd | {
"canonical_answer": null,
"rules_version": "scientific_metadata_v3"
} | {
"original_provenance": {
"attribution_required": true,
"collected_at": "2026-10-01T03:03:12.794960+00:00",
"license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
"raw_file": "raw/codex_api_v1/01e5186067e30dc1b8d7a145670ab7edd6b017797b271a481af8b7b7f55f13c2_0... | What is the best way/kit to extract total proteins from biopsy tissue?
I need to extract total protein from 2mm skin biopsies for western blots.
I was thinking about miRNeasy Micro Kit (50) Cat. #217084 while it's ok for total RNA extraction, I am not sure if it is still fine for proteins. There's a trizol (quiazol... | Metadata-grounded challenge flags; semantic conflict and scientific correctness are not asserted | [
{
"answer_id": 112618,
"score": 1
}
] | train |
End of preview.
RAG-HardCases-MultiDomain
RegalFire — AI Data Foundry · Omar Soliman · ootiris@gmail.com
Problem
Multidomain scientific and fictional-policy RAG/evidence cases. 1,115 records in this source-derived release. Do not sum it with its public ancestors as unique examples.
Sources and provenance
SOURCE_LOCK.json pins approved releases and file hashes. Per-record source IDs and hashes link to source rows. Selected normalized native scientific-computing sources accompany the affected products in native_scicomp_source.jsonl; raw API scrape files are not included. Source URLs, author attribution and revision contributors are retained. Unverified Bionic inputs are excluded.
Schema and extraction
See schema.json for required fields/types. Nested source content and labels are independently validated. Scientific flags use acceptance, score order, answer count, literal citations and thread age. Multiple answers are not labelled conflicting/disagreeing. GCC answers are independently recomputed. Duplicate template/value content is removed.
What labels mean
Scientific records are metadata_grounded with no canonical truth; GCC records are deterministic_source_grounded with fictional answers and evidence.
Validation and reproduction
Install Python 3.10+ dependencies: pip install jsonschema huggingface_hub. Run in the repository directory: python validator/validate.py . Pinned public ancestors require network or a populated HF cache; credentials are unnecessary. The validator does not import the builder. Source computational checkers were implemented independently from source generators. See validation_report.json, robustness_report.json and QA_REPORT.md.
Splits and leakage
{"holdout": 192, "test": 199, "train": 653, "validation": 71}. Scientific threads, normalized shared text/code and near questions (5-shingle Jaccard >=0.85) are globally grouped across the two scientific-derived products. Synthetic task families are kept in one split, with repeated source grid groups united. Source master seeds identify an entire generation run, not independent per-task seeds. These are template-held-out splits, not fresh-generation-seed experiments. Uneven splits are intentional. Public holdout labels are visible and are not secret or contamination-free. Exhaustive semantic near-duplicate detection is not claimed.
Intended uses and limitations
Research, regression and scoped private adaptation. No measured model performance, clients, ROI or clinical claims. Scientific code is not executed; community answers are not expert labels. Clinical flags and email-like content are excluded heuristically, not certified absent. Agent errors are controlled harness operations, not real-agent logs; counterfactual recovery is prediction correction, not physical intervention. Validation checks the specified contracts, not universal scientific correctness.
License
cc-by-sa-4.0. Preserve attribution, revision contributors and source notices. Scientific content remains CC BY-SA 4.0; MIT synthetic rows retain MIT notices. See THIRD_PARTY_LICENSES.md. No private exclusivity is promised for public source adaptations.
Custom / Private Dataset Work
RegalFire builds custom AI datasets, evaluation sets and reproducible data pipelines for research and production systems.
Available:
- custom schemas
- private sources
- private holdout sets
- custom validators
- domain-specific hard cases
- continuous generation
- regression datasets
Contact: ootiris@gmail.com Hugging Face: RegalFire
Public license obligations remain applicable. Confidential private work requires client-owned or otherwise permitted sources.
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