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109,803 | 109,461 | 572f703ca23a5019007fc62a | generic | Linking the information back together is the key to this system. In the relational model, some bit of information was used as a "key", uniquely defining a particular record. When information was being collected about a user, information stored in the optional tables would be found by searching for this key. For instanc... | What is a key used for? | {'text': 'uniquely defining a particular record', 'answer_start': 135} |
22,922 | 22,580 | 56f6f44f711bf01900a44890 | generic | Southampton (i/saʊθˈæmptən, -hæmptən/) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated 75 miles (121 km) south-west of London and 19 miles (31 km) north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest. It lies at the norther... | In what ceremonial county is Southampton located? | {'text': 'Hampshire', 'answer_start': 87} |
8,322 | 7,980 | 5ad00a9d77cf76001a6867e3 | generic | Sassou also won the following presidential election in July 2009. According to the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights, a non-governmental organization, the election was marked by "very low" turnout and "fraud and irregularities". | What governmental organization commented on the election? | {'text': 'Congolese Observatory of Human Rights', 'answer_start': 83} |
36,906 | 36,564 | 5ad176a0645df0001a2d1d19 | generic | The Persian Gulf War was a conflict between Iraq and a coalition force of 34 nations led by the United States. The lead up to the war began with the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990 which was met with immediate economic sanctions by the United Nations against Iraq. The coalition commenced hostilities in January ... | When did hostilities in the Chinese Gulf War begin? | {'text': 'January 1991', 'answer_start': 312} |
36,178 | 35,836 | 570aec4d6b8089140040f616 | generic | It was only in the 1980s that digital telephony transmission networks became possible, such as with ISDN networks, assuring a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s) for compressed video and audio transmission. During this time, there was also research into other forms of digital video and audio communication. Many o... | What is an example of an early form of digital video and audio communication? | {'text': 'the Media space', 'answer_start': 350} |
49,132 | 48,790 | 5ace540432bba1001ae4a2c4 | generic | The world's largest deposit of natural bitumen, known as the Athabasca oil sands is located in the McMurray Formation of Northern Alberta. This formation is from the early Cretaceous, and is composed of numerous lenses of oil-bearing sand with up to 20% oil. Isotopic studies attribute the oil deposits to be about 110 m... | Located in the Peace River, what is the largest deposit of natural bitumen known as? | {'text': 'Athabasca oil sands', 'answer_start': 61} |
118,315 | 117,973 | 5acf9e4c77cf76001a685561 | generic | South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was adm... | In what year was the League of Nations founded? | {'text': '1919', 'answer_start': 118} |
34,272 | 33,930 | 570a56e04103511400d59622 | generic | Furthermore, in terms of job prospects, as of 2014 the average starting salary of an Imperial graduate was the highest of any UK university. In terms of specific course salaries, the Sunday Times ranked Computing graduates from Imperial as earning the second highest average starting salary in the UK after graduation, o... | In which year did Imperial University claim the award for being voted the highest in the UK for Job Prospects? | {'text': '2014', 'answer_start': 487} |
38,308 | 37,966 | 570bfb6dec8fbc190045bbf5 | generic | The inherent ambiguity of many control characters, combined with their historical usage, created problems when transferring "plain text" files between systems. The best example of this is the newline problem on various operating systems. Teletype machines required that a line of text be terminated with both "Carriage R... | Teletype machines had to have two codes to termanate a line, what were they? | {'text': '"Carriage Return" (which moves the printhead to the beginning of the line) and "Line Feed" (which advances the paper one line without moving the printhead)', 'answer_start': 309} |
98,973 | 98,631 | 5a46af695fd40d001a27dc6a | generic | The first mention of the name "Rajasthan" appears in James Tod's 1829 publication Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India, while the earliest known record of "Rajputana" as a name for the region is in George Thomas's 1800 memoir Military Memories. John Keay, in his book I... | When was the word Ferishta coined by the British? | {'text': '1829', 'answer_start': 390} |
103,311 | 102,969 | 572ebc76cb0c0d14000f14e9 | generic | However, performance enhancements cannot be generalized as the benefits and limitations of the system are dependent on many factors. One problem is that the system is subject to gaming. Sometimes, one person enters the destination for a large group of people going to the same floor. The dispatching algorithm is usually... | Why is this a bad practice? | {'text': 'this will make the computer think multiple people are waiting and will allocate empty cars to serve this one person', 'answer_start': 622} |
114,041 | 113,699 | 573019f0b2c2fd1400568864 | generic | The islands are at relatively low altitudes, with central Ireland and southern Great Britain particularly low lying: the lowest point in the islands is Holme, Cambridgeshire at −2.75 m (−9.02 ft). The Scottish Highlands in the northern part of Great Britain are mountainous, with Ben Nevis being the highest point on the... | Where is the highest point in the British Isles? | {'text': 'Ben Nevis', 'answer_start': 280} |
52,855 | 52,513 | 5725cafc89a1e219009abebf | generic | Incandescent bulbs have been replaced in many applications by other types of electric light, such as fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent lamps (CFL), cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL), high-intensity discharge lamps, and light-emitting diode lamps (LED). Some jurisdictions, such as the European Union, China, Can... | How is the United States treating incandescent light bulbs? | {'text': 'phasing out the use of incandescent light bulbs', 'answer_start': 365} |
11,490 | 11,148 | 56de7a464396321400ee2941 | generic | BBC Television returned on 7 June 1946 at 15:00. Jasmine Bligh, one of the original announcers, made the first announcement, saying, 'Good afternoon everybody. How are you? Do you remember me, Jasmine Bligh?'. The Mickey Mouse cartoon of 1939 was repeated twenty minutes later.[unreliable source?] Alexandra Palace was t... | In the decade following the war, where did a large portion of the BBC move to? | {'text': 'Lime Grove Studios', 'answer_start': 432} |
64,382 | 64,040 | 5ad0217377cf76001a686b17 | generic | As the European population was severely reduced, land became more plentiful for the survivors, and labour consequently more expensive. Attempts by landowners to forcibly reduce wages, such as the English 1351 Statute of Laborers, were doomed to fail. These efforts resulted in nothing more than fostering resentment amon... | What English law was scrapped in order to forcibly reduce wages? | {'text': 'Statute of Laborers', 'answer_start': 209} |
94,936 | 94,594 | 5acfcba277cf76001a686060 | generic | Other sources include fortified food and dietary supplements, which come in various forms. A 1998 review concluded that zinc oxide, one of the most common supplements in the United States, and zinc carbonate are nearly insoluble and poorly absorbed in the body. This review cited studies which found low plasma zinc conc... | What is the recommended daily dose of zinc supplement in unhealthy adults? | {'text': '20 mg/day', 'answer_start': 577} |
84,226 | 83,884 | 5727f67d3acd2414000df0f1 | generic | On 11 October 1951, the Wafd government abrogated the 1936 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty, which had given the British control over the Suez Canal until 1956. The popularity of this move, as well as that of government-sponsored guerrilla attacks against the British, put pressure on Nasser to act. According to Sadat, Nasser deci... | Who helped Nasser with the assassination attempt? | {'text': 'Hassan Ibrahim', 'answer_start': 396} |
82,440 | 82,098 | 5acffad777cf76001a6866ce | generic | The atmosphere is severely dry nine months of the year, and average annual snowfall is only 18 inches (46 cm), due to the rain shadow effect. Western passes receive small amounts of fresh snow each year but remain traversible all year round. Low temperatures are prevalent throughout these western regions, where bleak d... | What has an annual average of only 9 inches? | {'text': 'snowfall', 'answer_start': 75} |
30,719 | 30,377 | 5706b8b42eaba6190074ac78 | generic | A new generation of clubs such as Liverpool's Cream and the Ministry of Sound were opened to provide a venue for more commercial sounds. Major record companies began to open "superclubs" promoting their own acts. These superclubs entered into sponsorship deals initially with fast food, soft drinks, and clothing compani... | who began opening "superclubs"? | {'text': 'Major record companies', 'answer_start': 137} |
103,768 | 103,426 | 5acee39d32bba1001ae4b8a7 | generic | On 11 July 2011, Neptune completed its first full barycentric orbit since its discovery in 1846, although it did not appear at its exact discovery position in the sky, because Earth was in a different location in its 365.26-day orbit. Because of the motion of the Sun in relation to the barycentre of the Solar System, o... | Why did Neptune appear to be in it's exact discover position? | {'text': 'Earth was in a different location', 'answer_start': 176} |
28,417 | 28,075 | 5a81fce131013a001a33504d | generic | Natural phonology is a theory based on the publications of its proponent David Stampe in 1969 and (more explicitly) in 1979. In this view, phonology is based on a set of universal phonological processes that interact with one another; which ones are active and which are suppressed is language-specific. Rather than acti... | Aside from being active what other condition can the natural morphology exist in? | {'text': 'suppressed', 'answer_start': 271} |
16,207 | 15,865 | 56e087477aa994140058e5bb | generic | In 1953, Korolev was given the go-ahead to develop the R-7 Semyorka rocket, which represented a major advance from the German design. Although some of its components (notably boosters) still resembled the German G-4, the new rocket incorporated staged design, a completely new control system, and a new fuel. It was succ... | The first satellite launched into space used what rocket? | {'text': 'R-7 Semyorka rocket', 'answer_start': 55} |
19,681 | 19,339 | 56e77c8900c9c71400d771a2 | generic | The RIBA has three parts to the education process: Part I which is generally a three-year first degree, a year-out of at least one year work experience in an architectural practice precedes the Part II which is generally a two-year post graduate diploma or masters. A further year out must be taken before the RIBA Part ... | What occurs between the second and third parts of the education process prescribed by the Royal Institute? | {'text': 'A further year out', 'answer_start': 266} |
15,885 | 15,543 | 5acd27b607355d001abf3725 | generic | They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromo... | What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers? | {'text': 's', 'answer_start': 85} |
70,837 | 70,495 | 5726ea8d708984140094d5d3 | generic | On 24 March 2009, the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Science and Technology, NigComSat Ltd. and CGWIC signed another contract for the in-orbit delivery of the NigComSat-1R satellite. NigComSat-1R was also a DFH-4 satellite, and the replacement for the failed NigComSat-1 was successfully launched into orbit by China in Xi... | What paid for Nigeria's fourth satellite? | {'text': 'the insurance policy on NigComSat-1', 'answer_start': 439} |
86,589 | 86,247 | 572a9ea734ae481900deabe4 | generic | In Commonwealth realms other than the UK, royal assent is granted or withheld either by the realm's sovereign or, more frequently, by the representative of the sovereign, the governor-general. In federated realms, assent in each state, province, or territory is granted or withheld by the representatives of the sovereig... | Who grants royal assent in Canada? | {'text': 'lieutenant governors of the provinces', 'answer_start': 494} |
47,461 | 47,119 | 5a8cefc4fd22b3001a8d906e | generic | Memorization is a method of learning that allows an individual to recall information verbatim. Rote learning is the method most often used. Methods of memorizing things have been the subject of much discussion over the years with some writers, such as Cosmos Rossellius using visual alphabets. The spacing effect shows t... | What learning tool did Cosmo Kramer write about? | {'text': 'using visual alphabets', 'answer_start': 270} |
92,395 | 92,053 | 572956463f37b31900478286 | generic | The first debate was held on September 30 at the University of Miami, moderated by Jim Lehrer of PBS. During the debate, slated to focus on foreign policy, Kerry accused Bush of having failed to gain international support for the 2003 Invasion of Iraq, saying the only countries assisting the U.S. during the invasion we... | What was thought to be the main focal point of the debate? | {'text': 'foreign policy', 'answer_start': 140} |
98,416 | 98,074 | 5ad398a7604f3c001a3fe800 | generic | Construction is currently underway on the Miami Intermodal Center and Miami Central Station, a massive transportation hub servicing Metrorail, Amtrak, Tri-Rail, Metrobus, Greyhound Lines, taxis, rental cars, MIA Mover, private automobiles, bicycles and pedestrians adjacent to Miami International Airport. Completion of ... | When was Phase III of the Miami Center Station supposed to enter service? | {'text': '2013', 'answer_start': 565} |
102,732 | 102,390 | 57318b4e05b4da19006bd278 | generic | Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukr... | What was Spielberg's mother's career? | {'text': 'restaurateur and concert pianist', 'answer_start': 121} |
29,946 | 29,604 | 5706d3592eaba6190074ad1c | generic | The tourism district would comprise several key areas in the city; the Marina District, Ducktown, Chelsea, South Inlet, Bader Field, and Gardner's Basin. Also included are 10 roadways that lead into the district, including several in the city's northern end, or North Beach. Gardner's Basin, which is home to the Atlanti... | How many roadways will be included in the district? | {'text': '10', 'answer_start': 172} |
85,665 | 85,323 | 572829f73acd2414000df5ec | generic | St. John's is served by St. John's International Airport (YYT), located 10 minutes northwest of the downtown core. In 2011, roughly 1,400,000 passengers travelled through the airport making it the second busiest airport in Atlantic Canada in passenger volume. Regular destinations include Halifax, Montreal, Ottawa, Toro... | About how many passengers travelled through St. John's International Airport in 2011? | {'text': '1,400,000', 'answer_start': 132} |
74,262 | 73,920 | 572b8670be1ee31400cb83fc | generic | In addition to the Jazz Festival (described above), New Haven serves as the home city of the annual International Festival of Arts and Ideas. New Haven's Saint Patrick's Day parade, which began in 1842, is New England's oldest St. Patty's Day parade and draws the largest crowds of any one-day spectator event in Connect... | As one of the oldest and largest traditions, how long have the city been celebrating Saint Patrick's Day? | {'text': '1842', 'answer_start': 197} |
15,519 | 15,177 | 56e063197aa994140058e43b | generic | From 1958, the Union Castle shipping line gradually reduced its service calls to the island. Curnow Shipping, based in Avonmouth, replaced the Union-Castle Line mailship service in 1977, using the RMS (Royal Mail Ship) St Helena. | What year was Union-Castle Line mailship replaced? | {'text': '1977', 'answer_start': 181} |
122,475 | 122,133 | 5731b52eb9d445190005e48b | generic | Much of YouTube's revenue goes to the copyright holders of the videos. In 2010 it was reported that nearly a third of the videos with advertisements were uploaded without permission of the copyright holders. YouTube gives an option for copyright holders to locate and remove their videos or to have them continue running... | Which major gaming company claimed copyright ad revenue rights against uploaders? | {'text': 'Nintendo', 'answer_start': 508} |
44,803 | 44,461 | 57100b34a58dae1900cd67f5 | generic | As there is no research indicating which of the three components is essential in defining sexual orientation, all three are used independently and provide different conclusions regarding sexual orientation. Savin Williams (2006) discusses this issue and notes that by basing findings regarding sexual orientation on a si... | Why does basing sexual orientation on one component cause problems? | {'text': 'Because of the limited populations that each component captures', 'answer_start': 677} |
42,538 | 42,196 | 570dcd700b85d914000d7b77 | generic | Adolescence (from Latin adolescere, meaning "to grow up") is a transitional stage of physical and psychological human development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority). The period of adolescence is most closely associated with the teenage years, though its physical, p... | What is another term for legal adulthood? | {'text': 'age of majority', 'answer_start': 203} |
49,313 | 48,971 | 571b5e2e9499d21900609c6d | generic | In British English, the word 'asphalt' is used to refer to a mixture of mineral aggregate and asphalt/bitumen (also called tarmac in common parlance). When bitumen is mixed with clay it is usually called asphaltum. The earlier word 'asphaltum' is now archaic and not commonly used.[citation needed] In American English, ... | To what type of aggregate did asphalt used to refer? | {'text': 'mixture', 'answer_start': 61} |
76,672 | 76,330 | 5a8c9919fd22b3001a8d8bb0 | generic | The only words of Jesus on the cross in the Mark and Matthew accounts, this is a quotation of Psalm 22. Since other verses of the same Psalm are cited in the crucifixion accounts, it is often considered a literary and theological creation. Geza Vermes, however, points out that the verse is cited in Aramaic rather than ... | What language was learned by Geza Vermes when he was a child? | {'text': 'Hebrew', 'answer_start': 324} |
17,501 | 17,159 | 56e19be4e3433e1400423018 | generic | Despite its relative lexical unity, the two dialectal blocks of Catalan (Eastern and Western) show some differences in word choices. Any lexical divergence within any of the two groups can be explained as an archaism. Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element. | What form is innovative? | {'text': 'Central Catalan', 'answer_start': 232} |
79,228 | 78,886 | 5ad219ded7d075001a42841a | generic | The primary responsibility for a boy's studies lies with his House Master, but he is assisted by an additional director of studies, known as a tutor. Classes, colloquially known as "divs" (divisions), are organised on a School basis; the classrooms are separate from the houses. New school buildings have appeared for te... | Who was one of the first House Master's? | {'text': 'Henry Woodyer', 'answer_start': 386} |
6,267 | 5,925 | 56db06dae7c41114004b4c70 | generic | With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by voc... | What season were contestants allowed use a musical instrument when they sing? | {'text': 'seven', 'answer_start': 443} |
16,081 | 15,739 | 56e176a2cd28a01900c6797b | generic | The nickel hydrogen battery was used for the first time in 1977 aboard the U.S. Navy's Navigation technology satellite-2 (NTS-2). For example, the ISS, Mars Odyssey and the Mars Global Surveyor are equipped with nickel-hydrogen batteries. In the dark part of its orbit, the Hubble Space Telescope is also powered by nick... | What year was the first nickel hydrogen battery used? | {'text': '1977', 'answer_start': 59} |
71,003 | 70,661 | 5726d36b708984140094d285 | generic | The fortified city temporarily fell to the French invasion in 1672 (the Disaster Year); where the French invasion was only stopped west of Utrecht at the Old Hollandic Waterline. In 1674, only two years after the French left, the centre of Utrecht was struck by a tornado. The halt to building before construction of fly... | What collapsed during the tornado | {'text': 'The halt to building before construction of flying buttresses in the 15th century now proved to be the undoing of the central section of the cathedral', 'answer_start': 273} |
103,451 | 103,109 | 572f1256cb0c0d14000f1760 | generic | The passenger cabs are mechanically separated from the lift mechanism, thus allowing the elevator shafts to be used continuously while passengers board and embark from the cabs, as well as move through show scenes on various floors. The passenger cabs, which are automated guided vehicles or AGVs, move into the vertical... | What action do the cabs take before the elevator begins to move? | {'text': 'move into the vertical motion shaft and lock themselves in', 'answer_start': 298} |
95,276 | 94,934 | 572996956aef051400154ffa | generic | The Croatian Latin alphabet (Gajica) followed suit shortly afterwards, when Ljudevit Gaj defined it as standard Latin with five extra letters that had diacritics, apparently borrowing much from Czech, but also from Polish, and inventing the unique digraphs "lj", "nj" and "dž". These digraphs are represented as "ļ, ń an... | How many extra letters does the Croatian Latin alphabet have? | {'text': 'five', 'answer_start': 123} |
1,319 | 977 | 56cbf12a6d243a140015ee08 | generic | Chopin arrived in Paris in late September 1831; he would never return to Poland, thus becoming one of many expatriates of the Polish Great Emigration. In France he used the French versions of his given names, and after receiving French citizenship in 1835, he travelled on a French passport. However, Chopin remained clo... | In what year did Frédéric officially acquire French citizenship? | {'text': '1835', 'answer_start': 251} |
96,768 | 96,426 | 572a4a80fed8de19000d5b77 | generic | The establishment of Ottoman military aviation dates back to between June 1909 and July 1911. The Ottoman Empire started preparing its first pilots and planes, and with the founding of the Aviation School (Tayyare Mektebi) in Yeşilköy on 3 July 1912, the Empire began to tutor its own flight officers. The founding of th... | On what date was the Aviation School founded? | {'text': '3 July 1912', 'answer_start': 238} |
15,124 | 14,782 | 5acf6cc177cf76001a684def | generic | The English term comics is used as a singular noun when it refers to the medium and a plural when referring to particular instances, such as individual strips or comic books. Though the term derives from the humorous (or comic) work that predominated in early American newspaper comic strips, it has become standard also... | When is the term comics considered multiple rather than plural? | {'text': 'when it refers to the medium', 'answer_start': 51} |
110,462 | 110,120 | 572fbae9a23a5019007fc8ee | generic | Ter-Petrosyan led Armenia alongside Defense Minister Vazgen Sargsyan through the Nagorno-Karabakh War with neighboring Azerbaijan. The initial post-Soviet years were marred by economic difficulties, which had their roots early in the Karabakh conflict when the Azerbaijani Popular Front managed to pressure the Azerbaija... | How does Armenia get most of it's commodities? | {'text': 'rail traffic', 'answer_start': 478} |
199 | 199 | 138412 | pubqa | On Monday 15 January 2007, a municipality in Denmark received the first of several complaints from citizens who reported severe diarrhoea and vomiting over the weekend. Over the same period, the drinking water in many houses was reported to be discoloured and of unusual smell and taste. The local authorities immediatel... | What is the date of the event?
| {'answer_id': 274468, 'document_id': 445597, 'question_id': 138412, 'text': 'January 2007', 'answer_start': 13, 'answer_category': 'SHORT'} |
10,930 | 10,588 | 5acfb03577cf76001a685885 | generic | Meanwhile, the Industrial Revolution laid open the door for mass production and consumption. Aesthetics became a criterion for the middle class as ornamented products, once within the province of expensive craftsmanship, became cheaper under machine production. | What became cheap enough for the lower class to buy? | {'text': 'ornamented products', 'answer_start': 147} |
77,063 | 76,721 | 5a8c7ba9fd22b3001a8d88f1 | generic | Eclectic readings also normally give an impression of the number of witnesses to each available reading. Although a reading supported by the majority of witnesses is frequently preferred, this does not follow automatically. For example, a second edition of a Shakespeare play may include an addition alluding to an event... | Why do people prefer a first edition Shakespeare play? | {'text': 'may include an addition alluding to an event known to have happened between the two editions', 'answer_start': 276} |
16,320 | 15,978 | 56e108fce3433e1400422b15 | generic | Apollo 11 left lunar orbit and returned to Earth, landing safely in the Pacific Ocean on July 24, 1969. When the spacecraft splashed down, 2,982 days had passed since Kennedy's commitment to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth before the end of the decade; the mission was completed with 161 ... | Where did the Apollo 11 mission land back on Earth? | {'text': 'Pacific Ocean', 'answer_start': 72} |
13,258 | 12,916 | 56df4e488bc80c19004e4a3e | generic | The city is roughly bisected by the North Canadian River (recently renamed the Oklahoma River inside city limits). The North Canadian once had sufficient flow to flood every year, wreaking destruction on surrounding areas, including the central business district and the original Oklahoma City Zoo. In the 1940s, a dam w... | What is the new name for the part of the North Canadian River that resides within the city limits? | {'text': 'Oklahoma River', 'answer_start': 79} |
51,602 | 51,260 | 5a0ce7f5f5590b0018dab64a | generic | A key aspect of the Gates Foundation's U.S. efforts involves an overhaul of the country's education policies at both the K-12 and college levels, including support for teacher evaluations and charter schools and opposition to seniority-based layoffs and other aspects of the education system that are typically backed by... | What group has donated to the two largest national charter schools? | {'text': 'the Gates Foundation', 'answer_start': 16} |
77,706 | 77,364 | 57277ad5f1498d1400e8f957 | generic | At the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers. The network originally served as a competitor to AMC – which at the time was known as "American Movie Classics" and maintained a virtually identical format to TCM, as both networks largely focused on films released p... | By what year was AMC showing commercials? | {'text': '2002', 'answer_start': 483} |
82,520 | 82,178 | 5727ee1f3acd2414000df00d | generic | Tibet has various festivals that are commonly performed to worship the Buddha[citation needed] throughout the year. Losar is the Tibetan New Year Festival. Preparations for the festive event are manifested by special offerings to family shrine deities, painted doors with religious symbols, and other painstaking jobs do... | What do Tibetan's eat on New Year's Eve? | {'text': 'Guthuk', 'answer_start': 362} |
94,511 | 94,169 | 5729693f3f37b3190047834e | generic | Many minerals provide pigments which have been used in green paints and dyes over the centuries. Pigments, in this case, are minerals which reflect the color green, rather that emitting it through luminescent or phosphorescent qualities. The large number of green pigments makes it impossible to mention them all. Among ... | What are green paints and dyes usually made of? | {'text': 'minerals', 'answer_start': 5} |
5,716 | 5,374 | 56d1d5e8e7d4791d00902283 | generic | While he searched for enlightenment, Gautama combined the yoga practice of his teacher Kalama with what later became known as "the immeasurables".[dubious – discuss] Gautama thus invented a new kind of human, one without egotism.[dubious – discuss] What Thich Nhat Hanh calls the "Four Immeasurable Minds" of love, compa... | The Four Immeasurables are taught as a form of what? | {'text': 'meditation', 'answer_start': 546} |
46,645 | 46,303 | 5aceb35532bba1001ae4b0c0 | generic | Rufinus relates a story that as Bishop Alexander stood by a window, he watched boys playing on the seashore below, imitating the ritual of Christian baptism. He sent for the children and discovered that one of the boys (Athanasius) had acted as bishop. After questioning Athanasius, Bishop Alexander informed him that th... | Why was Athanasius ordered to continue baptising? | {'text': 'not been properly catechized', 'answer_start': 549} |
124,630 | 124,288 | 5ad3dfe2604f3c001a3ff499 | generic | Though Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions of whole blood, they may accept some blood plasma fractions at their own discretion. The Watch Tower Society provides pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents prohibiting major blood components, in which members can specify which allowable fractions a... | What is one of the Protestant religions who are fine with blood transfusions? | {'text': "Jehovah's Witnesses", 'answer_start': 7} |
128,058 | 127,716 | 5733a3cbd058e614000b5f40 | generic | The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in... | In what year was the The College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame created? | {'text': '1842', 'answer_start': 85} |
1,224 | 882 | 56d20bf6e7d4791d00902622 | generic | In 1817 the Saxon Palace was requisitioned by Warsaw's Russian governor for military use, and the Warsaw Lyceum was reestablished in the Kazimierz Palace (today the rectorate of Warsaw University). Fryderyk and his family moved to a building, which still survives, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace. During this period, F... | What was the place Chopin was invited to as a friend of ruler's son? | {'text': 'Belweder Palace', 'answer_start': 357} |
73,264 | 72,922 | 57273572dd62a815002e9991 | generic | NAACP had many problem's with JFK's "token" proposal. They wanted jobs. One day after the order took effect, NAACP labor secretary Herbert Hill filed complaints against the hiring and promoting practices of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation. Lockheed was doing business with the Defense Department on the first billion-dolla... | Who did Lockheed sign an agreement with to seek out more minority workers? | {'text': 'Vice President Johnson', 'answer_start': 530} |
98,027 | 97,685 | 572a8f95111d821400f38bf5 | generic | Western commentators post-9/11 often perceive madaris as places of radical revivalism with a connotation of anti-Americanism and radical extremism, frequently associated in the Western press with Wahhabi attitudes toward non-Muslims. In Arabic the word madrasa simply means "school" and does not imply a political or rel... | What are the origins of western schools? | {'text': 'institutions of the Catholic church', 'answer_start': 925} |
101,014 | 100,672 | 572e97b4c246551400ce43a3 | generic | British post-punk entered the 1980s with support from members of the critical community—American critic Greil Marcus characterised "Britain's postpunk pop avant-garde" in a 1980 Rolling Stone article as "sparked by a tension, humour and sense of paradox plainly unique in present day pop music"—as well as media figures ... | What corporation was John Peel a DJ for? | {'text': 'BBC', 'answer_start': 328} |
120,308 | 119,966 | 57312cffa5e9cc1400cdbcc1 | generic | According to both indigenous American and European accounts and documents, American civilizations at the time of European encounter had achieved many accomplishments. For instance, the Aztecs built one of the largest cities in the world, Tenochtitlan, the ancient site of Mexico City, with an estimated population of 200... | What had the civilizations in the Americas achieved by the time the Europeans encountered them? | {'text': 'many accomplishments', 'answer_start': 145} |
121,934 | 121,592 | 5731b729b9d445190005e4a9 | generic | The same divine agencies who caused disease or harm also had the power to avert it, and so might be placated in advance. Divine consideration might be sought to avoid the inconvenient delays of a journey, or encounters with banditry, piracy and shipwreck, with due gratitude to be rendered on safe arrival or return. In ... | What was expected when the divine intervention benefited the patron? | {'text': 'gratitude', 'answer_start': 265} |
99,260 | 98,918 | 5ace44f632bba1001ae4a13a | generic | Intermittent warfare lasting from July 23, 1670 until July 1695, plus the typhoons of 1671 and 1693, and in particular the smallpox epidemic of 1688, reduced the Chamorro population from 50,000 to 10,000 to less than 5,000.:86 Precipitated by the death of Quipuha, and the murder of Father San Vitores and Pedro Calungso... | What did Quipuha dies of? | {'text': 'smallpox', 'answer_start': 123} |
123,155 | 122,813 | 5731f248e17f3d1400422563 | generic | Soteriologically, most Methodists are Arminian, emphasizing that Christ accomplished salvation for every human being, and that humans must exercise an act of the will to receive it (as opposed to the traditional Calvinist doctrine of monergism). Methodism is traditionally low church in liturgy, although this varies gre... | Methodists believe that Christ achieved salvation for whom? | {'text': 'every human being', 'answer_start': 99} |
89,368 | 89,026 | 5ad138be645df0001a2d123b | generic | Labour went on to win the 1950 general election, but with a much reduced majority of five seats. Soon afterwards, defence became a divisive issue within the party, especially defence spending (which reached a peak of 14% of GDP in 1951 during the Korean War), straining public finances and forcing savings elsewhere. The... | What was a uniting issue in the party? | {'text': 'defence', 'answer_start': 114} |
48,822 | 48,480 | 5acf9a7577cf76001a685427 | generic | After the assassination of Uthman in 656, Ali, a member of the Quraysh tribe and the cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was elected as the caliph. He soon met with resistance from several factions, owing to his relative political inexperience. Ali moved his capital from Medina to Kufa. The resulting conflict, which las... | Why did Ali meet with little resistance? | {'text': 'political inexperience', 'answer_start': 220} |
55,207 | 54,865 | 5a62793df8d794001af1c004 | generic | Downstream operations, which now also includes the chemicals business, generates a third of Shell's profits worldwide and is known for its global network of more than 40,000 petrol stations and its 47 oil refineries. The downstream business, which in some countries also included oil refining, generally included a retai... | How many of Shell's operations are controlled in London instead of Hague? | {'text': 'virtually all', 'answer_start': 828} |
62,808 | 62,466 | 5a6687f8f038b7001ab0bf62 | generic | Lossy data compression is the converse of lossless data compression. In these schemes, some loss of information is acceptable. Dropping nonessential detail from the data source can save storage space. Lossy data compression schemes are designed by research on how people perceive the data in question. For example, the h... | What type of data compression is the converse of subtle variations? | {'text': 'Lossy', 'answer_start': 0} |
104,438 | 104,096 | 5a77509b2d6d7f001a4a9fd2 | generic | After the incorporation of these states to the United States in the first half of the 19th century, the Spanish language was later reinforced in the country by the acquisition of Puerto Rico in 1898. Later waves of emigration from Mexico, Cuba, El Salvador and elsewhere in Hispanic America to the United States beginnin... | What strengthened the role of the English language in the the country? | {'text': 'emigration from Mexico, Cuba, El Salvador and elsewhere in Hispanic America to the United States', 'answer_start': 215} |
15,104 | 14,762 | 56e01244231d4119001abf19 | generic | Comics are a medium used to express ideas by images, often combined with text or other visual information. Comics frequently takes the form of juxtaposed sequences of panels of images. Often textual devices such as speech balloons, captions, and onomatopoeia indicate dialogue, narration, sound effects, or other informa... | The various sizes as well as how panels are arranged help with what aspect of comics? | {'text': 'narrative pacing', 'answer_start': 371} |
49,789 | 49,447 | 5726434238643c19005ad3d1 | generic | At the time of her accession, the government was led by the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne, who at once became a powerful influence on the politically inexperienced Queen, who relied on him for advice. Charles Greville supposed that the widowed and childless Melbourne was "passionately fond of her as he might be of... | Where did Queen Victoria reside? | {'text': 'Buckingham Palace', 'answer_start': 578} |
60,242 | 59,900 | 5a6bc2004eec6b001a80a59a | generic | The act of predation can be broken down into a maximum of four stages: Detection of prey, attack, capture and finally consumption. The relationship between predator and prey is one that is typically beneficial to the predator, and detrimental to the prey species. Sometimes, however, predation has indirect benefits to t... | What term is used to describe how prey evades a predator? | {'text': 'evolutionary arms race', 'answer_start': 478} |
76,561 | 76,219 | 5a8c7970fd22b3001a8d8894 | generic | An early non-Christian reference to the crucifixion of Jesus is likely to be Mara Bar-Serapion's letter to his son, written sometime after AD 73 but before the 3rd century AD. The letter includes no Christian themes and the author is presumed to be a pagan. The letter refers to the retributions that followed the unjust... | Who did Socrates write a letter to about the crucifixion? | {'text': 'his son', 'answer_start': 107} |
108,189 | 107,847 | 573026ab04bcaa1900d7724c | generic | Reflections generally affect polarization. For radio waves, one important reflector is the ionosphere which can change the wave's polarization. Thus for signals received following reflection by the ionosphere (a skywave), a consistent polarization cannot be expected. For line-of-sight communications or ground wave prop... | What reflector can change the waves polarization? | {'text': 'ionosphere', 'answer_start': 91} |
54,178 | 53,836 | 5726c9c25951b619008f7e21 | generic | On 27 June 1950, two days after the KPA invaded and three months before the Chinese entered the war, President Truman dispatched the United States Seventh Fleet to the Taiwan Strait, to prevent hostilities between the Nationalist Republic of China (Taiwan) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). On 4 August 1950, wit... | What provoked China to join the war? | {'text': 'American aggression in the guise of the UN', 'answer_start': 605} |
73,365 | 73,023 | 5ad4159d604f3c001a400317 | generic | The category of Native American applies to the diverse group of people who lived in North America before European settlement. During the U.S. government's westward expansion, Native Americans were displaced from their land which had been their home for centuries. Instead, they were forced onto reservations which were f... | Where were Native Americans forced to live after they won their land? | {'text': 'reservations', 'answer_start': 295} |
8,318 | 7,976 | 56dcf8689a695914005b94a2 | generic | Sassou also won the following presidential election in July 2009. According to the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights, a non-governmental organization, the election was marked by "very low" turnout and "fraud and irregularities". | What kind of turnout did the Congolese Observatory of Human Rights experience in the 2009 elections? | {'text': 'very low', 'answer_start': 183} |
117,966 | 117,624 | 573120dda5e9cc1400cdbc4d | generic | Funafuti is the only port but there is a deep-water berth in the harbour at Nukufetau. The merchant marine fleet consists of two passenger/cargo ships Nivaga III and Manu Folau. These ships carry cargo and passengers between the main atolls and travel between Suva, Fiji and Funafuti 3 to 4 times a year. The Nivaga III ... | What do Tuvalu's merchant fleet carry? | {'text': 'cargo and passengers', 'answer_start': 196} |
120,321 | 119,979 | 57313428e6313a140071cd17 | generic | The first indigenous group encountered by Columbus were the 250,000 Taínos of Hispaniola who represented the dominant culture in the Greater Antilles and the Bahamas. Within thirty years about 70% of the Taínos had died. They had no immunity to European diseases, so outbreaks of measles and smallpox ravaged their popul... | Why were outbreaks of measles and smallpox able to so easily decimate the Taínos' population? | {'text': 'no immunity to European diseases', 'answer_start': 230} |
56,576 | 56,234 | 57267360f1498d1400e8e002 | generic | The noise-based speed is defined as the exposure that will lead to a given signal-to-noise ratio on individual pixels. Two ratios are used, the 40:1 ("excellent image quality") and the 10:1 ("acceptable image quality") ratio. These ratios have been subjectively determined based on a resolution of 70 pixels per cm (178 ... | What factors influence the noise-based speed? | {'text': 'the properties of the sensor and somewhat affected by the noise in the electronic gain and AD converter', 'answer_start': 547} |
126,825 | 126,483 | 57329aaa328d981900601fcb | generic | As one of their first acts after end of the War of the Castilian Succession in 1479, Ferdinand and Isabella established the centrally organized and efficient Holy Brotherhood (Santa Hermandad) as a national police force. They adapted an existing brotherhood to the purpose of a general police acting under officials appo... | What war ended in 1479? | {'text': 'War of the Castilian Succession', 'answer_start': 44} |
114,466 | 114,124 | 5a79e4bf17ab25001a8a0186 | generic | A standard adult football match consists of two periods of 45 minutes each, known as halves. Each half runs continuously, meaning that the clock is not stopped when the ball is out of play. There is usually a 15-minute half-time break between halves. The end of the match is known as full-time. The referee is the offici... | What year did an incident reduce additional time? | {'text': '1891', 'answer_start': 1150} |
1,871 | 1,529 | 56ccf53362d2951400fa64fd | generic | Nevertheless, the ethno-geographic caste hierarchy favoring the Mongols and other ethnicities were accorded higher status than the Han Chinese majority. Although Han Chinese who were recruited as advisers were often actually more influential than high officials, their status was not as well defined. Kublai also abolish... | When did Ayurbarwada Buyantu Khan reign? | {'text': '1311–1320', 'answer_start': 447} |
50,114 | 49,772 | 57267420dd62a815002e8574 | generic | During Victoria's first pregnancy in 1840, in the first few months of the marriage, 18-year-old Edward Oxford attempted to assassinate her while she was riding in a carriage with Prince Albert on her way to visit her mother. Oxford fired twice, but either both bullets missed or, as he later claimed, the guns had no sho... | What happened to Edward Oxford to after he was found guilty of high treason? | {'text': 'acquitted on the grounds of insanity', 'answer_start': 379} |
93,447 | 93,105 | 572913b8af94a219006aa037 | generic | Most common glass contains other ingredients to change its properties. Lead glass or flint glass is more 'brilliant' because the increased refractive index causes noticeably more specular reflection and increased optical dispersion. Adding barium also increases the refractive index. Thorium oxide gives glass a high ref... | What element is used in glass to keep it from becoming too hot? | {'text': 'Iron', 'answer_start': 514} |
40,234 | 39,892 | 570c67dcfed7b91900d459b3 | generic | John's royal household was based around several groups of followers. One group was the familiares regis, John's immediate friends and knights who travelled around the country with him. They also played an important role in organising and leading military campaigns. Another section of royal followers were the curia regi... | John's royal household was based around what? | {'text': 'several groups of followers', 'answer_start': 40} |
74,064 | 73,722 | 572779a2dd62a815002e9dfa | generic | The city has many distinct neighborhoods. In addition to Downtown, centered on the central business district and the Green, are the following neighborhoods: the west central neighborhoods of Dixwell and Dwight; the southern neighborhoods of The Hill, historic water-front City Point (or Oyster Point), and the harborside... | What east-central neighborhood in New Haven is home to a large number of Italian-Americans? | {'text': 'Wooster Square', 'answer_start': 573} |
16,530 | 16,188 | 5a4d7eb1755ab9001a10f40f | generic | Web browsers consist of a user interface, layout engine, rendering engine, JavaScript interpreter, UI backend, networking component and data persistence component. These components achieve different functionalities of a web browser and together provide all capabilities of a web browser. | What are two things that make up a UI backend? | {'text': 'user interface, layout engine', 'answer_start': 26} |
3,071 | 2,729 | 5ad23d95d7d075001a42889a | generic | After wrapping up in England, production travelled to Morocco in June, with filming taking place in Oujda, Tangier and Erfoud, after preliminary work was completed by the production's second unit. An explosion filmed in Morocco holds a Guinness World Record for the "Largest film stunt explosion" in cinematic history, w... | Screenwriter Chris Corbould was credited with what Guinness World Record? | {'text': 'Largest film stunt explosion', 'answer_start': 267} |
4,517 | 4,175 | 56d10b9a17492d1400aab7fa | generic | Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, anchoring Lincoln Square on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, is home to numerous influential arts organizations, including the Metropolitan Opera, New York City Opera, New York Philharmonic, and New York City Ballet, as well as the Vivian Beaumont Theater, the Juilliard School, ... | In what square is the theater named after Lee Strasberg located? | {'text': 'Union Square', 'answer_start': 417} |
86,076 | 85,734 | 57281a634b864d1900164489 | generic | PS3's hardware has also been used to build supercomputers for high-performance computing. Fixstars Solutions sells a version of Yellow Dog Linux for PlayStation 3 (originally sold by Terra Soft Solutions). RapidMind produced a stream programming package for PS3, but were acquired by Intel in 2009. Also, on January 3, 2... | What company sold Yellow Dog Linux before Fixstars Solutions? | {'text': 'Terra Soft Solutions', 'answer_start': 183} |
10,063 | 9,721 | 5ad30f62604f3c001a3fdb1c | generic | A cardinal who is not a bishop is still entitled to wear and use the episcopal vestments and other pontificalia (episcopal regalia: mitre, crozier, zucchetto, pectoral cross and ring). Even if not a bishop, any cardinal has both actual and honorary precedence over non-cardinal patriarchs, as well as the archbishops and... | What six items make up the episcopal regalia? | {'text': 'mitre, crozier, zucchetto, pectoral cross and ring', 'answer_start': 132} |
100,228 | 99,886 | 572ba616111d821400f38f34 | generic | Nouns are also inflected for number, distinguishing between singular and plural. Typical of a Slavic language, Czech cardinal numbers one through four allow the nouns and adjectives they modify to take any case, but numbers over five place these nouns and adjectives in the genitive case when the entire expression is in... | What are inflected for number in Czech? | {'text': 'Nouns', 'answer_start': 0} |
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