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RS-CMQA:1
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RS-CMQA:2
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RS-CMQA:3
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RS-CMQA:4
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RS-CMQA:6
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RS-CMQA:8
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RS-CMQA:9
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RS-CMQA:12
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RS-CMQA:13
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RS-CMQA:14
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RS-CMQA:16
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RS-CMQA:19
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RS-CMQA:21
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RS-CMQA:22
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RS-CMQA:24
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RS-CMQA:25
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RS-CMQA:27
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RS-CMQA:31
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RS-CMQA:32
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RS-CMQA:35
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RS-CMQA:37
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RS-CMQA:38
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RS-CMQA:39
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RS-CMQA:41
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RS-CMQA:42
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RS-CMQA:50
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RS-CMQA:56
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RS-CMQA:57
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RS-CMQA:58
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RS-CMQA:60
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RS-CMQA:62
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RS-CMQA:64
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RS-CMQA:65
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RS-CMQA:69
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RS-CMQA:74
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RS-CMQA:80
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RS-CMQA:81
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RS-CMQA:82
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RS-CMQA:83
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{"id":84,"questions_ids":[884],"active":true,"origin_dataset":"droneDeploy","caption":"","info":{"Q1":"No"}}
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RS-CMQA:85
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RS-CMQA:87
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RS-CMQA:88
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{"id":88,"questions_ids":[918,920,921,922,923,924,925,926,927,928,929,930,931,932,933,934,935,936,937,938],"active":true,"origin_dataset":"droneDeploy","caption":"","info":{"Q1":"Yes","Q2":"Car","Q3":"No","Q4":"Upper Left","Q5":"No","Q6":"Lower","Q7":"No","Q8":"Less than One Percent","Q8_tampered_size":0.00237274169921...
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RS-CMQA:90
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RS-CMQA:91
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RS-CMQA:94
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RS-CMQA:96
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RS-CMQA:99
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RS-CMQA:102
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RS-CMQA:103
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{"id":104,"questions_ids":[1204],"active":true,"origin_dataset":"droneDeploy","caption":"","info":{"Q1":"No"}}
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RS-CMQA:105
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RS-CMQA:107
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RS-CMQA:108
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RS-CMQA:109
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RS-CMQA:111
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RS-CMQA:114
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RS-CMQA:115
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RS-CMQA:116
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RS-CMQA:118
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RS-CMQA:120
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RS-CMQA:123
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{"id":123,"questions_ids":[1383,1385,1386,1387,1388,1389,1390,1391,1392,1393,1394,1395,1396,1397,1398,1399,1400,1401,1402,1403],"active":true,"origin_dataset":"droneDeploy","caption":"","info":{"Q1":"Yes","Q2":"Car","Q3":"No","Q4":"Right","Q5":"No","Q6":"Left","Q7":"No","Q8":"Less than One Percent","Q8_tampered_size":0...
124
true
RS-CMQA:124
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{"id":124,"questions_ids":[1404,1406,1407,1408,1409,1410,1411,1412,1413,1414,1415,1416,1417,1418,1419,1420,1421,1422,1423,1424],"active":true,"origin_dataset":"droneDeploy","caption":"","info":{"Q1":"Yes","Q2":"Car","Q3":"No","Q4":"Right","Q5":"No","Q6":"Lower Left","Q7":"No","Q8":"Less than One Percent","Q8_tampered_s...
126
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RS-CMQA:126
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126
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{"id":126,"questions_ids":[1436,1438,1439,1440,1441,1442,1443,1444,1445,1446,1447,1448,1449,1450,1451,1452,1453,1454,1455,1456],"active":true,"origin_dataset":"droneDeploy","caption":"","info":{"Q1":"Yes","Q2":"Car","Q3":"No","Q4":"Middle","Q5":"No","Q6":"Upper Left","Q7":"No","Q8":"Less than One Percent","Q8_tampered_...
End of preview.

RS-CMQA:图像与问答双表 Parquet 转存

本仓库将作者发布的 224 版本数据包 RS_CMQA_224.zip 转为 Hugging Face Parquet。 来源为 RSCMQA 作者仓库 的 数据下载说明,论文为 Copy-Move Forgery Detection and Question Answering for Remote Sensing Image。 本数据卡描述本次实际取得的压缩包,不将其认定为 arXiv v3 对应的最新数据包。

images/full 含 118,481 条图像 ID 元数据;图像与各类掩膜字节集中保存在这张表中。 问答分别放在实际存在的 qa、qa_cn、qa_balanced、qa_balanced_cn 配置中, 通过 qa.img_id = images.image_id 关联,不为每个问题重复存储图像。 图片、掩膜和原始 JSON 保留来源字节;问句、答案和原始问题划分按来源记录保留。 导出不重新编码或缩放图片,不二值化掩膜,不翻译、润色或替换题干。

配置与规模

配置 Split 行数 Parquet 文件数 每行含义
images full 118,481 84 每个原始图像 ID 一行的图像、掩膜与元数据表
qa train 963,334 1 原包一般版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa val 206,425 1 原包一般版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa test 206,427 1 原包一般版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_cn train 963,334 1 原包中文问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_cn val 206,425 1 原包中文问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_cn test 206,427 1 原包中文问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_balanced train 171,677 1 原包平衡版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_balanced val 36,788 1 原包平衡版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_balanced test 36,789 1 原包平衡版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_balanced_cn train 171,677 1 原包中文平衡版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_balanced_cn val 36,788 1 原包中文平衡版问答,保留原始问题划分
qa_balanced_cn test 36,789 1 原包中文平衡版问答,保留原始问题划分

full 表示完整图像元数据表,不是额外的官方测试集。 问答配置只列出压缩包中实际存在的版本与 split;原名 val 保留为 val。 平衡版读取作者单独提供的文件,不在转存时重新采样一般版问答。

图像表字段与资产完整性

六个图像列采用 Hugging Face Image 特征,底层为 {bytes, path}; bytes 是原包文件字节,path 是来源成员的相对路径。缺失资产为 null。

Image 列 原包资产 实际文件数 元数据中缺少此资产的 ID 数
image 原包 image/ 中的主图 118,481 0
original_image 原包 original/ 中的图像 118,481 0
mask 原包 target/ 中的目标区域掩膜 118,481 0
source_mask 原包 source/ 中的来源区域掩膜 118,481 0
background_mask 原包 background/ 中的背景掩膜 118,481 0
segmentation_mask 原包 segmentation/ 中的标注 118,481 0

mask 只对应作者的 target 掩膜,保留原始编码及像素值,未与 source 合并。 source_mask、background_mask 和 segmentation_mask 分列保留, 不把它们统一解释成同一二值篡改标签,也不把缺失掩膜替换成全零图。

字段 含义
image_id All_Images.json 的原始图像 ID,也是 QA 外键所指向的键
active 一般版 JsonFiles/All_Images.json 的 active 标记
sample_id 本次转存的样本标识
label 从原始 Q1 真实性问答整理的图像级标签:real = 0、fake = 1
manipulation 图像操作类别元数据;RS-TQA 假图保留原字符串 Copy / Blur,不重命名为 Copy-move
source_split 图像表固定为 full;不代表作者问题 split
filename_source_id 来源文件名中的 ID 字段
source_image_path、source_mask_path 原包主图与 target 掩膜的相对成员路径
width、height 主图实际尺寸;主图缺失时为 null
has_image 原包是否提供主图文件
has_mask 原包是否提供 target 掩膜文件;不等同于含有非空篡改区域
missing_assets 当前图像 ID 缺失的资产列表
metadata_json 一般版 JsonFiles/All_Images.json 中该图像对象的完整 JSON 内容

图像表元数据统一取自一般版 JsonFiles/All_Images.json, 包括 metadata_json、active 及保留的 questions_ids 信息。 平衡版 All_Images.json 的图像 ID 集合相同,但 active 和 questions_ids 可以不同。 平衡版原注释完整保存在 metadata/original/JsonFilesBalanced/All_Images.json; 使用平衡版时应读取相应注释,不能用图像表的一般版 active 覆盖平衡版标记。

原始字段的完整 schema 记录在 inventory.json,并写入 Parquet 的 Hugging Face 特征元数据。

问答表与原始 split

id、active、img_id、question、type、answer、origin_dataset 按原文件记录保留;source_split、source_file、source_row 记录来源 split、文件与行序。 每个 split 保留原始行顺序,不按 image_id 去重问题。 不同语言、一般版与平衡版分别读取自己的原文件,不互相替换。 所有原始问题记录均保留,包括 active=false 的记录;转存不默认过滤, 使用者应按对应作者配置解释和使用 active 标记。 RS-CMQA 的 Q2 表示对象类别,RS-TQA 的 Q2 表示篡改类别,不能跨数据集直接套用问题编号的含义。

原始 QA split 按问题记录组织,不能视为图像 ID 互斥划分。 同一个图像可以关联多个问题,也可以出现在不同 QA split 中;平衡版同样需检查图像交集。 以下交集按每个 split 内不重复的 img_id 集合计算,包含主图缺失但元数据仍存在的 ID。

问答配置 Split 问题数 不重复的 img_id 数
qa train 963,334 102,624
qa val 206,425 71,530
qa test 206,427 71,636
qa_cn train 963,334 102,624
qa_cn val 206,425 71,530
qa_cn test 206,427 71,636
qa_balanced train 171,677 67,899
qa_balanced val 36,788 29,099
qa_balanced test 36,789 29,054
qa_balanced_cn train 171,677 67,899
qa_balanced_cn val 36,788 29,099
qa_balanced_cn test 36,789 29,054
问答配置 Split 对 共同 img_id 数
qa train/val 63,716
qa train/test 63,593
qa val/test 61,169
qa_cn train/val 63,716
qa_cn train/test 63,593
qa_cn val/test 61,169
qa_balanced train/val 25,723
qa_balanced train/test 25,611
qa_balanced val/test 11,362
qa_balanced_cn train/val 25,723
qa_balanced_cn train/test 25,611
qa_balanced_cn val/test 11,362

如果依据这些 split 评估图像篡改检测或定位,应披露实际图像重叠; 不能仅依据问题 split 名称宣称图像独立的泛化结果。

读取示例

from datasets import load_dataset

repo = 'ThaneJoss/RS-CMQA'
images = load_dataset(repo, "images", split="full", streaming=True)
questions = load_dataset(repo, "qa", split='train', streaming=True)

question = next(iter(questions))
print(question["img_id"], question["question"], question["answer"])

images 与 questions 的行数和顺序不同;关联时使用 questions.img_id = images.image_id, 不要直接按行号配对。读取主图前检查 has_image,保留缺图问题是否进入某个实验由使用者明确记录。 需要读取未解码的文件字节时,可将对应图像列设为 datasets.Image(decode=False)。

原始元数据与转存范围

metadata/original/JsonFiles*/ 按原目录保存所有提供的 JSON 文件原始字节, 包括 All_Images.json、All_Questions.json、Answers.json 以及各个实际存在的 split、语言和平衡版本文件。 QA 表以对应的 split 文件为准,不从 All_Questions.json 重建或覆盖题干。 inventory.json 汇总配置、行数、Parquet 路径、资产数量与图像交集。

这次转存调整存储组织并增加来源索引,不声称重新收集图像、增加标注或修订作者数据。 实际实验使用的配置、缺图筛选、图像划分和掩膜解释应在实验报告中另行写明。

来源中的许可说明

作者 README 的 License 小节 列有 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 链接, 随后将 Global-TQA 图像及其标注的使用限定为学术用途,并声明禁止商业使用。 该句中的 Global-TQA 名称与这里的 RS-CMQA 包名不一致;本数据卡保留这一事实, 不将该名称差异改写成作者已经明确确认本包许可范围。

本次核对的作者仓库根目录没有独立 LICENSE 文件。 模型子目录内的第三方代码许可不能作为数据集许可依据。 因此本转存未自行增加 Hugging Face license 标签,也不额外授予数据使用权; 许可与使用范围以作者对相应数据包的明确声明为准。

引用

作者 README 提供的论文引用如下;使用本 Parquet 转存时,也请注明 本数据仓库 和所用配置。

@article{zhang2025copymove,
    title={Copy-Move Forgery Detection and Question Answering for Remote Sensing Image},
    author={Z. Zhang and E. Zhao and D. Niu and J. Nie and X. Liang and L. Huang},
    journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.02575},
    year={2025},
}
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