question stringlengths 1 6.54k | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringclasses 4
values | rationale stringlengths 0 22.5k ⌀ | split stringclasses 1
value | dataset stringclasses 6
values | subject stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after sustaining a stab wound to the lower back. Examination shows right leg weakness in all muscle groups and loss of vibration and proprioception on the same side. There is loss of pain and temperature sensation but preserved motor strength in the left leg. He ... | [
"Anterior cord syndrome",
"Cauda equina syndrome",
"Central cord syndrome",
"Hemisection of the cord"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A young female presents with history of dyspnea on exertion. On examination, she has wide, fixed split S2 with ejection systolic murmur (III/VI) in left second intercostal space. Her ECG shows left axis deviation. The most probable diagnosis is: | [
"Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage",
"Tricuspid atresia",
"Ostium primum atrial septal defect",
"Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary arterial hypertension"
] | C | c. Ostium primum atrial septal defect(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2189, Ghai 8/e p 413)Wide fixed splitting of S2 in association with ejection systolic murmur suggests the diagnosis of atrial septal defectThe presence of left axis deviation in A.S.D., suggests ostium primum type of defect. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Following drugs are used in the treatment of ADHD: | [
"Amphetamine",
"Modafinil",
"Methylphenidate",
"All of the above"
] | D | Pharmacotherapy: Stimulants Non stimulants Methylphenidate, dexmethylphenidate Atomoxetine Amphetamines Bupropion Modafinil Clonidine, Guanfacine Venlafaxine - Stimulants are the preferred group of drugs in children with ADHD - Methylphenidate is the drug of choice for ADHD children * Atomoxetine is efficacious for ADH... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Down's syndrome is | [
"Triploidy",
"Monosomy",
"Trisomy",
"Aneuploidy"
] | C | Ans. c (Trisomy). (Ref Harrison, Medicine, 18th/Ch. 62. Chromosome Disorders)Clinically, the most important of numerical abnormality is trisomy 21, the most frequent cause of Down syndrome.Depending on the maternal age structure of the population and the utilization of prenatal testing, the incidence of trisomy 21 rang... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following reduces the development of unexposed Ag halide crystals, and also acts as antifog agent? | [
"Phenidone",
"Potassium hydroxide",
"Sodium sulfite",
"Sodium bromide"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
By 2 week of age, infants normally show all of the following signs EXCEPT | [
"Copying facial expression",
"Stepping",
"Palmar grasp",
"A negative Babinski reflex"
] | D | By 2 weeks of age, infants show stepping, palmar grasp, the rooting reflex, and the copying of facial expressions. The Babinski reflex is normally positive until a child is approximately 12 months of age. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 62 year old woman with keratoconjunctivitis sicca is most likely to demonstrate corneal staining in which location? | [
"Superior third",
"Middle third (interpalpebral)",
"Inferior third",
"Diffuse over entire cornea"
] | B | Rose Bengal staining is a very useful test for detecting even mild cases of Kerato conjuctivitis sicca .Depending upon the severity of Kerato conjunctivitis sicca three staining patterns A, B and C have been described: 'C' pattern represents mild or early cases with fine punctate stains in th.e interpalpebral area; 'B'... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which is MC genetic cause of Mental Retardation | [
"Tuberous sclerosis",
"Cri-du-chat syndrome",
"Fragile-x-syndrome",
"Angle's syndrome"
] | C | Most common cause of MR is fragile X syndrome. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic disorder. FXS is caused by changes in a gene that scientists called the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene when it was first discovered. The FMR1 gene usually makes a protein called fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are excitatory neurotransmitters except | [
"Gamma-aminobutyric acid",
"Acetylcholine",
"Dopamine",
"Serotomin"
] | A | GABA is the major inhibitory mediator in the brain, including being responsible for presynaptic inhibition. GABA, which exists as b-aminobutyrate in the body fluidsReference: Ganong review of medical physiology 23rd edition Page no; 141 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is a peroxisomal disorder? | [
"Zellweger syndrome",
"Dicarboxylic aciduria",
"Jamaican vomiting sickness",
"Refsum disease"
] | A | Zellweger syndrome is a rare disease characterized by the absence of functional peroxisomes. The long chain fatty acids (C26-C36) are not oxidized. They accumulate in tissues, paicularly in brain, liver and kidney. Hence the disorder is also known as cerebrohepatorenal syndrome. This condition is apparent at bih and is... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following surgical approach for first described by Orringer for the management of carcinoma oesophagus | [
"Tranhiatal",
"Thoracoscopic",
"Left thoracoabdominal",
"Right thoracoabdominal"
] | A | Transhiatal approach for esophagectomy was described by Orringer. Useful in cancers of lower third of oesophagus Other methods or two-stage Ivor-Lewis method with thoracic and abdominal incisions and a three-stage McKeown operation with additional neck incision, paicularly useful in proximal cancers. Reference: Bailey ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 13-year-old boy with patchy depigmented skin on the right flank and upper thigh in segmental distribution. The depigmentation started 1 year back but has been static for last 4 months. Mother reports use of topical steroids which was ineffective. | [
"Piebaldism",
"Segmental vitiligo",
"Hypomelanosis of Ito",
"Hypopigmented streaks"
] | B | Ans. (b) Segmental vitiligo.* Vitiligo is an acquired autoimmune condition targeting melanocytes and present with localized or widespread white depigmented patches. Thyroid autoimmune dysfunction is associated.* Piebaldism is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by white forelock and circumscribed depigmented ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glanzmann thrombasthenia is due to | [
"Decreased GpIb",
"Decreased GpIIb/IIa",
"Anti-GpIIb/IIIa antibodies",
"Inhibition or deficiency of ADAMTS 13"
] | B | Glanzmann thrombasthenia is an autosomal recessive disorder. There is a failure of primary platelet aggregation with ADP or collagen due to inherited deficiency of two platelets membrane glycoproteins. It is caused due to deficiency of glycoprotein IIb- IIa. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Cyclosporine inducced HTN is treated by a) Clonidine b) Enalapril c) Nifedipine d) Methyl dopa | [
"ad",
"bc",
"ac",
"bd"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
An unruptured ectopic pregnancy patient underwent salpingostomy procedure, where | [
"Tubal incision is left open for secondary healing",
"Tubal Incision is closed with sutures",
"Milking of the tube is done",
"Paial excision of tube"
] | A | SalpingostomyThis procedure is typically used to remove a small unruptured pregnancy. A 10- to 15-mm linear incision is made on the antimesenteric border of the fallopian tube over the pregnancy. The products usually will extrude from the incision. Small bleeding sites are controlled with needlepoint electrocoagulation... | train | med_mcqa | null |
100 % Oxygen therapy used in | [
"Cluster headache",
"Migraine",
"Congenital spherocytosis",
"COPD"
] | A | (A) Cluster headache # CLUSTER HEADACHES are rare, extremely painful, & debilitating headaches that occur in groups or clusters.> These headaches affect one side of the head (unilateral) & may involve tearing of the eyes & a stuffy nose.> Unlike migraines, more men experience this type of headache than women.> They can... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A trained dai caters for a population of - | [
"1000",
"2000",
"3000",
"4000"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1000 Local dais (Traditional birth attendants)o Under Rural Health Scheme, all categories of local dies are trained to improve their knowledge in the elementary concepts of: -o MCHii) Sterilization (Small family norm)Trainingo Training is for 30 working days.o They are paid a stipend of Rs. 300 during... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following drugs used to treat type-II diabetes mellitus causes weight loss | [
"Metformin",
"Glimepiride",
"Repaglinide",
"Gliclazide"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Metformin Effect of antidiabetic drugs on weight Increased : Sulfonylureas, insulin, pioglitazone Decreased : Metformin, GLP-1 antagonists, pramlinitide No effect: DPP-4 inhibitors | train | med_mcqa | null |
| HIAA urine levels are suggestive of | [
"Carcinoid tumors",
"Colon cancer",
"Malignant melanoma",
"None of the above"
] | A | Patients with renal disease may have falsely low 5-HIAA levels in the urine. 5-HIAA is increased in untreated patients with malabsorption, who have increased urinary tryptophan metabolites. Such patients include those with celiac disease, tropical sprue, Whipple disease, stasis syndrome, and cystic fibrosis. Ref: guyto... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Larger DNA segments can be cloned in | [
"Plasmids",
"Bacteriophage",
"Cosmids",
"Bacterial Aificial Chromosomes"
] | D | Hybrid DNA molecules can be constructed in cloning vectors typically using bacterial plasmids, phages, or cosmids. A clone is a large population of identical molecules, bacteria, or cells that arise from a common ancestor. Molecular cloning allows for the production of a large number of identical DNA molecules, which c... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Hutchisons traid is seen – | [
"Primary syphilis",
"Congenital syphilis",
"Secondary syphilis",
"Tertiary syphilis"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Late complication of elbow dislocation | [
"Median nerve injury",
"Brachial aery injury",
"Myositis ossificans",
"paresthesia on medial elbow"
] | C | Myositis ossificans: MYOSITIS OSSIFICANS * Acquired development of non neoplastic heterotopic ossification within soft tissues * Most often in response to localized trauma * Although the process most commonly develops within skeletal muscle, the term itself is a misnomer, because nonmuscular tissue may be involved, and... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Goitre is prevalent at higher altitude, is an example of - | [
"Direct association",
"Indirect association",
"Causal association",
"Temporal association"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Four numbered instrument formula other than G.M.T. is: | [
"Chistle",
"Hoe",
"Angle former",
"Hatchet"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is/are true about dobutamine: | [
"Selective (3 2 receptor agonist",
"T ventricular filling pressure",
"Half life is about 2 min",
"Dopamine receptor agonist"
] | C | Ans. (C) Half life is about 2 minDobutamine:Derivative of dopamine, but not a Dl ot D2 receptor agonist.Has action on alpha & beta receptors also.Yet, only prominent action of clinically employed doses is increased force of cardiac contraction & outPut, without significant change in hea rate, peripheral resistance & BP... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Structural proteins are: | [
"Fibrous",
"Globular",
"Branched",
"Compound"
] | A | A i.e. Fibrous | train | med_mcqa | null |
ESI act does not cover which of the following:September 2010 | [
"Hotel employee",
"Transpoters",
"Railway employees",
"Factory employees"
] | C | Ans. C: Railway employeesThis act covers all employees including engaged through the contracts but whose remuneration does not exceed Rs. 10, 000 p.m. including staff in the class of administrative, canteen, loading-unloading, security, etc.Apprentices who are appointed for learning the work with no right of being abso... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of Thrombotic Pulmonary Embolism is | [
"progesterone pills",
"Deep vein thrombosis",
"Septicemia",
"Idiopathic"
] | B | (B) Deep vein thrombosis# DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS in the leg or in the pelvis is most likely the cause of pulmonary embolism, but in about 80-90%, it occurs without any previous clinical manifestations.> Pulmonary embolism: Following dislodgement of venous thrombi generally from femoral and iliac veins.> Causes: Multipl... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following drugs act on ionic channels except: | [
"Nicotine",
"Insulin",
"Glibenclamide",
"Diazepam"
] | B | Ans. B. Insulina. insulin acts on enzymatic (tyrosine kinase) receptorsb. Nicotine acts on NM and NN receptors which are ion channel receptorsc. Diazepam acts on GABA-BZD-Cl channel complex that mediates entry of chlorided. Glibenclamide is a sulfonylurea that acts on ACh sensitive K+ channels. | train | med_mcqa | null |
For which of the following disorders enzyme replacement therapy is available? | [
"Gaucher disease",
"Niemann Pick disease",
"Mucolipidosis",
"Metachromatic leukodystrophy"
] | A | Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive disorder causing a deficiency of beta-glucocerebrosidase, which causes an accumulation of sphingolipid within phagocytic cells throughout the body. Clinical features include, Anemia and thrombocytopenia Hypersplenism Pathologic fractures Bone marrow aspirates reveal typical Gau... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following conditions are associated with the development of Necrotizing papillitis, EXCEPT: | [
"Diabetes mellitus",
"Sickle cell disease",
"Analgesic nephropathy",
"Tuberculous pyelonephritis"
] | D | Common causes of papillary necrosis are diabetes mellitus, analgesic nephropathy, sickle cell disease and urinary tract obstruction. Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of renal papillary necrosis. Analgesic nephropathy is associated with the use of more than 1 kg analgesics. Ref: Radiology Illustrated: Uroradio... | train | med_mcqa | null |
No of inpatient beds in PHC ? | [
"6",
"10",
"20",
"25"
] | A | Medical care OPD services- 4 hours in the morning and 2 hours in the afternoon/evening 24 hour emergency services Referral services Inpatient services-6 beds (refer pgno:905 park 23rd edition) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vidian neurectomy is done in - | [
"Vasomotor rhinitis",
"Allergic rhinitis",
"Infective rhinitis",
"Rhinitis sicca"
] | A | (A) (Vasomotor rhinitis) (183- Dhingra 5th)* Vidian neurectomy (sectioning the parasympathetic secretomotor fibre to nose) is the treatment of choice for vasomotor rhinitis.* Vasomotor rhinitis is due to over activity of the parasympathetic system.* Alternating nasal obstruction, early morning rhinorrhea are its charac... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fat halo sign is associated with | [
"Ulcerative colitis",
"Crohn's disease",
"Plummer Vinson syndrome",
"Chiladiti syndrome"
] | B | The 'Fat halo sign' refers to a feature seen on CT examination of the abdomen, and represents infiltration of the submucosa with fat, between the muscularis propria and the mucosa. It is characterized by an inner (mucosa) and outer (muscularis propria and serosa) ring of enhancing bowel wall along with a non-enhancing ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Scrub typhus is transmitted by: | [
"Flea",
"Mite",
"Tick",
"Mosquito"
] | B | Mite | train | med_mcqa | null |
Caseous necrosis is seen in? | [
"CMV infection",
"Staphylococcal infection",
"Treponemal infection",
"HSV infection"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Treponemal infection o Caseous necrosis is a feature of syphilis which is caused by tremonemal infection.Caseous necrosiso It is a variant of coagulative necrosis. It is most commonly encountered when cell death is attributable to certain organisms e.g., mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), syphilis and f... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A group of expes discuss a health topic in front of an audience, with no specific order of speeches. This method of communication is: | [
"Focused group discussion (FGD)",
"Panel discussion",
"Symposium",
"Seminar"
] | B | Panel discussion: 1. '4-8 persons' who are qualified to talk about the topic sit and discuss a given problem / topic in front of a target group of audience. 2. Panel comprises of a chairman or moderator, and 4 - 8 speakers. 3. There is 'no specific agenda, no order of speaking and no set speeches'. 4. After the speaker... | train | med_mcqa | null |
which of the following is a SNRI | [
"duloxetine",
"seraline",
"citalopram",
"ironiazid"
] | A | SNRI * IMPOANCE Dual antidepressant like TCA but better than TCA has it has no dryness of mouth, hypotension, sedation * MECHANISM Inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and dopamine * DRUGS VENLEFEXINE DESVENLEFEXINE DULOXETINE * USE Duloxetine===PAIN ASSOSIATED WITH DIABTIC NEUROPATHY and STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Bilious vomiting is seen in all except: | [
"Jejunal atresia",
"Volvulus of small intestine",
"Duodenal atresia",
"Pyloric stenosis"
] | D | Ans: d (Pyloric stenosis)Ref: Bailey & Love, 24th ed, p. 1033 & 23rd ed, p. 899 | train | med_mcqa | null |
For which of the following seizures would carbamazepine, phenytoin, and primidone be prescribed as the appropriate drug treatment for prevention? | [
"Complex paial",
"Simple paial",
"status epilepticus",
"Generalized tonic clonic"
] | D | Generalized tonic-clonic seizures are convulsive and can be the result of paial seizures. Carbamazepine, phenytoin, and primidone are among the drugs recommended for generalized seizures. Primidone is a prototype deoxy barbiturate. Phenytoin is a hydantoin and these drugs are highly fat soluble. They stabilize membrane... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Primary action of superior oblique: March 2013 (a) | [
"Adduction",
"Intorsion",
"Abduction",
"Extorsion"
] | B | Ans. B i.e. Intorsion Extraocular muscles Intoors of the eye: Superior oblique & Superior rectus Action of superior oblique: Abduction, Inoion & Depression Nerve supply of superior oblique: Trochlear (4th cranial nerve) Levator palpebrae superioris is supplied by: 3rd cranial nerve (oculomotor) Muscle attached to poste... | train | med_mcqa | null |
SABE is most commonly due to:March 2013 | [
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Streptococcus pneumonia",
"Streptococcus viridans",
"HACEK group bacteria"
] | B | B i.e. Streptococcus viridansSubacute bacterial endocarditis/Endocarditis lentaIt can be considered a form of Type III hypersensitivity.It is usually caused by a form of streptococci viridians bacteria that normally live in the mouth and throat (Streptococcus mutans, mitis, sanguis or milleri).Osler's nodes can indicat... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All the following are causes of acute pancreatis except - | [
"Gall stone",
"Alcohol",
"Hemachromatosis",
"Hypercalcemia"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., HemochromatosisCauses of Acute PancreatitisCommon causes Gallstones (including microlithiasis) - most commonHyperiglyceridemiaEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), especially after biliary manometry.Trauma (especially blunt abdominal trauma)Postooperative (abdominal and nonabdominal o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
The maximum contribution to the floor of the orbit is by - | [
"Maxilla",
"Sphenoid",
"Palatine",
"Zygomatic"
] | A | The orbital floor is mainly formed by the orbital surface of the maxilla.
Other contributions are:-
The lower part of the orbital surface of the zygomatic bone, anterolaterally.
The orbital process of palatine bone at the posterior angle. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common site for berry aneurysm rupture | [
"Anterior circulation of brai",
"Posterior circulation of brain",
"Ascending aoa",
"Descending aoa"
] | A | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Anterior circulation of brain The most common sites in descending order of frequency are - Li Proximal poion of anterior communicating aery (at the junction of anterior communicating aery with cerebral aery) At the origin of the posterior communicating aery from the stem of the internal carotid aery. ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Meiosis in spermatogenesis occurs in which of the following step - | [
"Primary spermatocyte to intermediate spermatocyte",
"Primary spermatocyte to secondary spermatocyte",
"Secondary spermatocyte to round spermatid",
"Round spermatid to elongated spermatid"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gastrointestinal enteritis necroticans is caused by- | [
"Clostridium difficile",
"Clostridium perfringens",
"Cl. botulinum",
"C. Jejuni"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Glycogenolysis is mediated by: | [
"Alpha 1 receptor",
"Alpha l+beta2 receptor",
"Beta 2 receptor",
"Alpha 2 + beta 1 receptor"
] | B | Ans: b (Alpha 1 + beta 2 receptors) Ref: Katzung, 10th ed, p. 130Glycogenolysis is mainly mediated by beta 2 receptors in the liver, but role of alpha 1 receptors have been mentioned in Katzung.Relative selectivity of adrenoceptor agonists. Relative Receptor AffinitiesAlpha agonists Phenylephrine, methoxaminea, > a 2 >... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Antacid drug that typically causes diarrhea? | [
"Sodium bicarbonate",
"Magnesium hydroxide",
"Calcium bicarbonate",
"Aluminium hydroxide"
] | B | Ans. b (Magnesium hydroxide) (Ref. KDT 6th/pg. 635).Mag. hydroxide has low water solubility: its aqueous suspension (milk of magnesia) has low concentration of OH- ions and thus low alkalinity. However, it reacts with HCI promptly and is an efficacious antacid (1 g mEq HCI). Rebound acidity is mild and brief. All Mg sa... | train | med_mcqa | null |
ERCP in pancratitis is done to know about – a) Gall stoneb) Associated cholangitisc) Ascitesd) Pancreatic divisume) Annular pancreas | [
"abcd",
"abde",
"acde",
"ade"
] | B | ERCP can be used in pancreatitis to evaluate conditions which can predispose to pancreatitis (e.g. Gall stone, pancreatic divisum, annular pancreas) and associated biliary cholangitis. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which one of the following organism normally inhabits the healthy human oral cavity? | [
"M. fermentans",
"M. hominis",
"M. pneumoniae",
"M. orale"
] | D | Members of the mycoplasma group that are pathogenic for humans include M. pneumoniae and U. urealyticum. M. pneumoniae is best known as the causative agent of primary atypical pneumonia (PAP), which may be confused clinically with influenza or legionellosis. It also is associated with arthritis, pericarditis, aseptic m... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Forceps are applied in all the following except : | [
"After coming head in breech presentation",
"Face presentation",
"Occipitoposterior",
"Brow presentation"
] | D | Brow presentation | train | med_mcqa | null |
Oil drop is seen in | [
"Psoriasis of nails",
"Clubbing",
"Lichen planus of nails",
"Tinea unguium"
] | A | Oil drop sign is seen in nail psoriasis IADVL textbook of dermatology page 1035 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei is | [
"Mucinous tumour of appendix",
"Ovarian tumour",
"Colorectal carcinoma",
"None of the above"
] | A | Most common cause of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei is mucinoous tumour of appendix > mucinous tumour of ovary. | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following is true of 'placebo' ? | [
"Placebo is a dummy medication",
"Placebo is the inert material added to the drug for making tablets",
"Placebos do not produce any effect",
"All patients respond to placebo"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Not true about parapharyngeal abscess | [
"Torticollis",
"Drooling of saliva",
"Trismus",
"Horner's syndrome"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient operated for thyroid surgery for a thyroid swelling, later in the evening developed difficulty in breathing. There was swelling in the neck. The immediate management would be | [
"Epinephrine injection",
"Tracheostomy",
"IV calcium gluconate",
"Open the wound sutures in the ward"
] | D | Haemorrhage is the most frequent life-threatening complication of thyroidectomy. Around 1 in 50 patients will develop a haematoma, and in almost all cases this will develop in the first 24 hours. If an aerial bleed occurs, the tension in the central compament pressure can rise until it exceeds venous pressure. Venous o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about primary peritonitis | [
"Mostly monobacterial",
"It is chemical peritonitis proceeds secondary peritonitis",
"Needs peritoneal lavage",
"Occurs with Cirrhosis of liver"
] | D | (D) Occurs with Cirrhosis of liver # # PRIMARY (SPONTANEOUS) BACTERIAL PERITONITIS> Peritonitis is either primary (without an apparent source of contamination) or secondary.> The types of organisms found and the clinical presentations of these two processes are different. In adults, primary bacterial peritonitis (PBP) ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fibers more susceptible to hypoxia are: | [
"Preganglionic",
"Postganglionic",
"Both",
"None"
] | A | Preganglionic nerve fibers are more susceptible to hypoxia Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition ,pag number:72,73 | train | med_mcqa | null |
True about antenatal doppler analysis is all except | [
"Reduction in end diastolic flow is associated with poor out come",
"Reduction in EDF is associated with IUGR",
"In normal gestation placental resistance is high",
"S/D ratio is high in IUGR"
] | C | C i.e. In normal gestation placental resistance is high Doppler ultrasound analysis in pregnancy The routine use of doppler in pregnancy is constroversialQ. TVS (transvaginal sonography) is method of choice for monitoring infeility disorders, diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy & differentiating abnormal & normal 1st trimes... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient with abdomen injury presents to the emergency depament with signs of peritonitis and shock. Airway and breathing were secured and IV fluids were staed with two large bore cannulas. The next line of management should be | [
"FAST",
"Exploratory laparotomy under general anaesthesia",
"Inseion of abdominal drain followed by laparotomy",
"Laproscopy"
] | B | . Haemodynmically unstable-investigations need to be suspended as immediate surgical correction needed. Pg No. 372 bailey 27th edition | train | med_mcqa | null |
All are chemical carcinogens except | [
"Beta carotene",
"Benzene",
"Thorostat",
"Nitrates"
] | A | Ans. a (Betacarotene). (Ref. Robbin Pathology, 6th ed., 307)CHEMICAL CARCINOGENSDirect actingProcarcinogensOthersa-propiolactoneBenzopyreneThorostatDimethyl sulfateDibenzanthraceneNitrosamineDiepoxybutane3-methyl cholanthrineVinyl chlorideAnticancerous drugsAromatic aminesNickel1-acetyl imidazoleAmidesChromiumDimethyl ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Third hea sound is seen in all except | [
"Athletes",
"Mitral stenosis",
"Constrictive pericarditis",
"LVF"
] | B | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1448 The third hea sound (S3 ) occurs during the rapid filling phase of ventricular diastole. It can be a normal finding in children, adolescents, and young adults; however, in older patients, it signifies hea failure. A left-sided S3 is a low-pitched sound best heard over the left ventricu- la... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Kartagener's syndrome includes - | [
"Situs inversus",
"Bronchiectasis",
"Male infertility",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Myofibroblast is seen in - | [
"Normal connective tissue",
"Muscle septa",
"Wound margin",
"Bronchus"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Wound margin | train | med_mcqa | null |
Soft tissue mass in chest with rib erosion in X-Ray is seen in all except: | [
"Leukemia",
"Ewing's sarcoma",
"Multiple myeloma",
"Osteosarcoma"
] | D | D i.e. Osteosarcoma Soft tissue mass with rib erosion can be seen in leukemia (osteolytic expanding geographical lesion caused by collection of leukaemic cells/chloroma-Grainger 1777 ), lymphoma (rib involvement is common with multiple lytic occasionally expanding lesions with soft tissue masses-Grainger 1779), Ewing's... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient having prinzmetal angina is started with ISMN. Patient got symptomatic relief from angina. What is the MOA? | [
"Endothelium independent coronary vasodilatation",
"Reduced cardiac contractility",
"Increased left ventricular end diastolic volume",
"Decreased diastolic perfusion pressure"
] | A | ANS. A# Important points on nitrates1. All nitrates have high FPM metabolism except ISMN (Isosorbide mononitrate)2. Skin rashes are maximum with Pentaerythritol tetranitrate3. Nitrates used in acute attack: NTG and ISDN (Isosorbide dinitrite) | train | med_mcqa | null |
Same or closely related antigens present in different biological species are known as | [
"Sequestrated antigens",
"Isoantigens",
"Haptens",
"Heterophile antigens"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
A composite index combining indicators representing longevity, knowledge and income is | [
"Physical quality of life index",
"Human development index",
"Sullivan's index",
"Human poverty index"
] | B | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
n–3 PUFA is present in all except – | [
"Mustard oil",
"Corn oil",
"Fish oil",
"Groundnut oil"
] | D | POLYUNSATURATED FATTYACEDS
Polyunsaturated fatty acids have more than one double bond. According to the position of first double bond they or divided into
1) n-3 fatty acids or ω-3 fatty acids or omega-3 fatty acids
This are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, with first double bond beginning at the third car... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Last skull suture to close is: | [
"Occipital sutures",
"Frontal suture",
"Coronal suture",
"Sagittal suture"
] | A | Ref. Textbook of forensic medicine. Krishnan Vij. Page. 45
Occipital suture is the other name for lambdoid suture. Look at above question for detail | train | med_mcqa | null |
Naming and fluency is impaired in: | [
"Broca's aphasia",
"Wernicke's aphasia",
"Anomic aphasia",
"Transcortical sensory aphasia"
] | A | Ans. a. Broca's aphasia (Ref: Harrison 19/e p279, 18/e p203, 3286)Naming and fluency is impaired in Broea's aphasia,"Broca's Aphasia: Speech is nonfluent, labored, interrupted by many word-finding pauses, and usually dysarthric. It is impoverished in function words but enriched in meaning-appropriate nouns. Abnormal wo... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Unilateral small smooth kidney is seen in - | [
"Reflux nephropathy",
"Lobar infarction",
"Renal artery stenosis",
"Chronic glomerulonephritis"
] | C | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Most common cause of poal hypeension in children is _______ | [
"Extrahepatic compression",
"Budd chiari syndrome",
"Veno-Occlusive disease",
"Post necrotic"
] | A | Causes of poal hypeension pre sinusoidal extrahepatic(mostcommoon):poal vein/splenic vein thrombosis,splenic AV fistula,massive splenomegaly intrahepatic:sarcoidosis,schistosomiasis,congenital hepatic fibrosis,myeloproliferative disorders,nodular degenerative hyperplasia,idiopathic poal fibrosis sinusoidal cirrhosis du... | train | med_mcqa | null |
WE - are absorbed in the DCT: | [
"Water",
"Potassium",
"Potassium",
"Sodium"
] | B | B i.e. PotassiumPotassium once filtered in the tubular fluid is reabsorbed only in the proximal tubules. Nowhere else it is reabsorbed so it is not reabsorbed in the DCT, rather it is secreted into the tubular fluid in DCTQ.Water reabsorption in DCTEarly pa of distal tubule is impermeable to water.Late DCT becomes perm... | train | med_mcqa | null |
In acoustic neuroma all are seen except - | [
"Loss of corneal reflex",
"Tinnitus",
"Facial palsy",
"Diplopia"
] | C | In Acoustic Neuroma
Loss of corneal reflex is seen – due to the involvement of Tringeminal nerve
Tinnitus – due to pressure on cochlear nerve
Large tumors can cause diplopia
As far as facial nerve palsy is concerned – Scott Brown 7th/ed vol-3 pg 3931
“Vestibular schwannomas, although inevitably grossly distort the VI... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A patient presents with sudden onset of breathlessness after a subclan vein cannulation. On examination, breath sounds are absent while the chest is hyper-resonant on percussion on one side. Most likely cause is: | [
"latrogenic Pneumothorax",
"Subclan Vein air embolus",
"Malposition of cannula",
"Cardiac Arrhythmia"
] | A | Answer is A (Iatrogenic Pneumothorax): Subclan vein cannulation is an impoant cause of iatrogenic pneumothorax. Absence of breath sounds and Hyper-resonance of chest wall on percussion alongwith sudden breathlessness after attempted subclan vein cannulation suggests a diagnosis of Iatrogenic Pneumothorax. Common causes... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Primary hemostasis is disturbed in | [
"Platelet disorder",
"lupus anticoagulant",
"hemophilia",
"Liver disease"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Which of the following does not posses both DNA and RNA? | [
"Bacteria",
"Fungus",
"Virus",
"Spirochete"
] | C | Ans. c. Virus | train | med_mcqa | null |
Maxwell Lyon's sign is a feature of: | [
"Trachoma",
"Spring catarrh",
"Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis",
"Acanthamoeba keratitis"
] | B | A/K/A warm weather ketratoconjuctivitis /Vernal ketratoconjuctivitis more common in young boys spontaneously resolves at age of pubey type of type 1 HSN (IgE mediated )type 1>type 4. features - cobblestone appearance (hall mark)(large papillae) Maxewell lyon sign - coagulated coppy dishrage forming psudomembrane seen o... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 35 year old patient complains of abdominal cramps along with profuse diarrhea. The treating physician wants to process the stool specimen for isolation of Campylobacter jejuni. Which of the following is the method of choice for the culture of stool ? | [
"Culture on TCBS medium incubated at 37degC under aerobic conditions",
"Culture on Skirrow's medium incubated at 42degC under micro-aerophilic conditions.",
"Culture on MacConkey's medium incubated at 42degC under anaerobic contions",
"Culture on Wilson and Blair's medium incubated at 37deg under microaerophi... | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Culture on skirrow's medium incubated at 42degC under micro-aerophilic conditions . Compylobacter jejuni is thermophilic, growing well at 42degC. Inoculated plates are incubated under microaerophilic conditions with an atmosphere of 5% 02, 10% CO2 and 85% N2 at 42degC. . Plating media commonly used ar... | train | med_mcqa | null |
One Krebs cycle generates how many ATP ? | [
"6",
"12",
"24",
"36"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 12 This question is slightly different from previous one. Here the examiner is asking about the generaion of ATPs per TCA cycle.In a single TCA cycle 10 molecules of ATP are produced (12 molecules according to older calculations). | train | med_mcqa | null |
Blood brain barrier is not present in - | [
"Anterior pituitary",
"Cerebellum",
"Areapostrema",
"Cingulate gyrus"
] | C | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Area postremao Certain areas of brain have fenestrated capillaries and because of their permeability, are said to be outside blood- brain barrier.o These areas are located around the third ventricle and are therefore called circumventricular organs,o These areas are:-Posterior pituitary (neurohypophys... | train | med_mcqa | null |
VDRL is a - | [
"Slide flocculation test",
"Tube floccolation test",
"Gel precipitation test",
"Indirect haemagglutination test"
] | A | The VDRL test for syphilis is an example of a slide flocculation test. When a drop each of the antigen and the antiserum are placed on a slide and mixed by shaking, floccules appear. Reference: Anathanarayan & paniker's 9th edition, pg no: 106 <\p> | train | med_mcqa | null |
Vitamin B1 is required for which reaction | [
"Transamination",
"Oxidative decarboxylation",
"Carboxylation",
"All of the above"
] | B | Ans. is 'b' i.e.,Oxidative decarboxylation Active form (coenzyme form) of thiamine is thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), also called thiamine diphosphate (TDP).TPP acts as coenzyme forOxidative decarboxylation:- Pyruvate dehydrogenase, a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, brached-chain keto acid dehydrogenase.Transketolase in PPP... | train | med_mcqa | null |
On administration of LA in an area of infection, it is not effective because of increase in | [
"Cations",
"Free base",
"Uncharged base",
"None"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are tumor markers, except | [
"CEA",
"HCG",
"Alpha-fetoprotein",
"Beta-2 macroglobulin"
] | D | Beta-2 microglobulin and not beta macroglobulin may be used as a tumor marker (as in multiple myeloma). | train | med_mcqa | null |
About trisomy 13, which of the following is a true statement | [
"Bilateral mircophthalmia",
"Neurofibroma",
"Rocker bottom feet",
"Dermoid cyst"
] | A | Ans. a. Bilateral mircophthalmia | train | med_mcqa | null |
Best treatment to prevent gas gangrene - | [
"Thorough debridement",
"Anti serum",
"Vaccnation",
"Antibiotics"
] | A | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Urea cycle is linked to TCA cycle by - | [
"Arginine",
"Ornithine",
"Oxaloacetate",
"Fumarate"
] | D | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fumarate |Ref: Harper 29th/e p. 276-277]o Fumarate is released during urea cycle, which is an intermediate of Kreb's cycle, thus linking the two.Both urea cycle and TCA cycle have been explained in previous years. | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 70-year-old patient with long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus presents with complaints of pain in the left, ear with purulent drainage. On physical examination, the patient is afebrile. The pinna of the left ear is tender, and the external auditory canal is swollen and edematous. The white blood cell count is norma... | [
"Pseudomonas aeruginosa",
"Streptococcus pneumoniae",
"Candida albicans",
"Haemophilus influenzae"
] | A | Ear pain and drainage in an elderly diabetic patient must raise concern about malignant external otitis. The swelling and inflammation of the external auditory meatus strongly suggest this diagnosis. This infection usually occurs in older, poorly controlled diabetics and is almost always caused by P aeruginosa. It can ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
All of the following are o3 fatty acids, EXCEPT? | [
"a-Linolenic acid",
"Eicosapentaenoic acid",
"Docosahexaenoic acid",
"g-Linolenic acid"
] | D | Delta system--when counting stas from carboxy end Omega system--when counting stas from the methyl group (omega C) o3 fatty acids are a-Linolenic acid Eicosapentaenoic acid Docosahexaenoic acid g-Linolenic acid (18:3 cis D6,9,12) is a o6 fatty acid. Fatty acid No of carbons No of double bonds Positon Dietary Source alp... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Traumatic eye with late presentation of hyperaemic sclera with unilateral proptosis is due to: | [
"Retrobulbar hematoma",
"Retrobulbar cellulitis",
"Carotico-cavernous fistula",
"Pneumo-orbit"
] | A | Severe blunt trauma to the orbit can occasionally cause a retrobulbar hematoma. When a retrobulbar hematoma is large enough, it can cause an abrupt increase in intraocular pressure, causing decreased blood flow to the optic nerve and loss of vision. The conscious patient will complain of pain, proptosis, and decreasing... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A boy presented with multiple non-suppurative osteomyelitic dactylitis with sickle cell anaemia. What will be the causative organism? | [
"Salmonella typhi",
"S. aureus",
"H. influenzae",
"Peptococcus magnus"
] | A | (A) Salmonella typhi[?]Salmonella Osteomyelitis:Sub-acute form; Curiously, patients with sickle-cell disease are prone to infection by Salmonella typhi.More commonly in children with sickle cell anaemia.Occurs during the convalescent phase after an attack of typhoid fever.Multiple bones are affected bilaterally symmetr... | train | med_mcqa | null |
A 50 year old female patient complains of difficulty in swallowing. Patient gives h/o multiple diagnostic CT-scans of the head and neck region. This patient may be predominantly susceptible to which of the following? | [
"Medullary thyroid carcinoma",
"Follicular thyroid carcinoma",
"Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma",
"Papillary thyroid carcinoma"
] | D | The incidence of thyroid carcinomas, predominantly papillary thyroid carcinomas, increases in humans after radiation exposure. There is strong dependence on age at exposure—susceptibility to radiation-induced thyroid cancer is higher in children than adults. There is little evidence for a dose response for individuals ... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Causes of acute flaccid paralysis - | [
"Poliomyelitis",
"Tick paralysis",
"ADEM",
"All of the above"
] | D | null | train | med_mcqa | null |
Fastest to slowest route of absorption of local anaesthetic is? | [
"Tracheal >Lumbar epidural > Intercostal block > Subcutaneous.",
"Tracheal > Intercostal block > Lumbar epidural > Subcutaneous.",
"Subcutaneous> Intercostal block > Lumbar epidural >Tracheal.",
"Lumbar epidural > Intercostal block >Tracheal > Subcutaneous."
] | B | According, the rate of systemic absorption is greatest with intercostal nerve blocks followed by caudal, lumbar epidural, brachial plexus block femoral and sciatic nerve blocks. Sequence of systemic absorption IV > Tracheal > Intercostal block > Para cervical block > Caudal > Lumbar epidural > Brachial Plexus > Sciatic... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Gastric emptying is decreased by all of the following EXCEPT: | [
"Protein breakdown products",
"CCK",
"Enterogastric reflexes",
"Gastrin"
] | D | Acidity of the chyme, hyper- or hypo-osmolarity of the duodenal contents, irritation of the duodenal mucosa, protein or fat breakdown products in duodenum are the factors sensed by the duodenal receptors. Gastric emptying will then be decreased, by a combination of neural and hormonal signals. Neural signals would be e... | train | med_mcqa | null |
Delirium & dementia can be differentiated by? | [
"Loss of memory",
"Apraxia",
"Delusion",
"Altered sensorium"
] | D | ANSWER: (D) Altered sensoriumREF: Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry 10th ed chapter-10Repeat Psychiatry 2013 Session 1, June 2010 | train | med_mcqa | null |
Puerperal pyrexia is fever for 24 hours or more after child bih if temperature is more than : | [
"99' F",
"99.5deg F",
"100deg F",
"100.4deg F"
] | D | 100.4deg F | train | med_mcqa | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.