license: cc-by-nc-4.0
pretty_name: MineEngine
language:
- en
tags:
- minecraft
- multiplayer
- world-model
- video
- first-person
- depth
- segmentation
- embodied-ai
- game
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
configs:
- config_name: default
data_files: metadata.parquet
MineEngine dataset
Two-player Minecraft episodes recorded with MineEngine, an automated multiplayer data engine. In every episode two bot players act together in one shared world: building, breaking, PvP, fighting mobs, riding, farming, redstone, water and lava. For each player the dataset has the first-person video, the action of every frame and the camera pose that rendered it; for each world, a state log that replays the world exactly; and for every frame a per-pixel white box rendered from that log: block type, block state, face, entity id, depth and dig stage.
| Episodes | 2,952 (two players each) |
| First-person video | 82.5 h (41.3 h per player), 1280 × 720, 20 fps |
| Episode types | 38 (of the 45 in MineEngine) |
| Biomes | 44, plus flat worlds; dawn, day, dusk and night; clear, rain, snow and thunderstorms |
| White box | per frame, 192 × 336 channels + a 384 × 672 white-box video |
| Size | 267 GB, one tar file per episode |
Files
metadata.parquet one row per episode (see below)
episodes/<wave>/<batch>/<episode>.tar one file per episode
Inside <episode>.tar:
<episode>/capture/Alpha.mp4 first-person video, 1280 × 720, 20 fps
<episode>/capture/Alpha.camera_meta.json per-frame camera meta of that video (render time, pose, FOV)
<episode>/capture/Alpha.actions.json.gz per-frame actions, position, yaw / pitch, player state
<episode>/capture/Alpha.meta.json recorder meta
<episode>/capture/Alpha.episode_info.json episode type, environment (biome, time, weather), skins, roles
<episode>/capture/Bravo.* the same for the second player
<episode>/capture/world.events.jsonl.gz world-state log: block changes, entities, damage, digging ... per tick
<episode>/capture/world.snapshot_start.json.gz, world.snapshot_end.json.gz
<episode>/whitebox/episode.json, states.json, types.json, world.npz
<episode>/whitebox/Alpha/gbuf.npz white-box channels [F, 192, 336]
<episode>/whitebox/Alpha/cams.npz camera per frame (c2w, eye, yaw, pitch, vfov, t_ms, pair_ok)
<episode>/whitebox/Alpha/proxy.mp4 the white box as a video, 384 × 672
<episode>/whitebox/Alpha/state.jsonl.gz per-frame state: the player, the other player, every entity, events
<episode>/whitebox/Bravo/...
The white-box channels (logdepth, shade, edge, pid, btype, bstate, face, fx, block) are documented in
docs/whitebox_channels.md; the capture files
in capture/OUTPUT_SCHEMA.md. Frame i of
gbuf.npz, cams.npz, proxy.mp4 and state.jsonl is the same moment.
metadata.parquet columns: episode, path, wave, batch, episode_type, category (build / destroy / fight / move /
interaction), world (normal / flat), biome, time_of_day, weather, seconds, valid, size_bytes, sha256.
valid is false for the 44 episodes in which a bot reported an error during the episode; their files are complete as recorded.
Usage
import io, json, gzip, tarfile
import numpy as np
from huggingface_hub import hf_hub_download
path = hf_hub_download("ZiyangYe/MineEngine", "episodes/w1/w1_j0_b0/w1_j0_b0_000013_000.tar", repo_type="dataset")
with tarfile.open(path) as tf:
ep = "w1_j0_b0_000013_000"
gbuf = np.load(io.BytesIO(tf.extractfile(f"{ep}/whitebox/Alpha/gbuf.npz").read()))
actions = json.loads(gzip.decompress(tf.extractfile(f"{ep}/capture/Alpha.actions.json.gz").read()))
tf.extract(f"{ep}/capture/Alpha.mp4", "out") # the first-person video
print(gbuf["btype"].shape, len(actions))
Select episodes with metadata.parquet, e.g. all PvP episodes at night:
import pandas as pd
m = pd.read_parquet("hf://datasets/ZiyangYe/MineEngine/metadata.parquet")
m[(m.category == "fight") & (m.time_of_day == "night")]
The white box can also be re-rendered from the logs with the MineEngine code (python -m mineengine.cap2proxy), for
example at another resolution.
How it was made
Captured with MineEngine on headless Linux GPU servers, four worlds per RTX 6000D GPU, in two waves (October 2026). Each world
runs a Paper 1.21 server with the MirrorBot plugin, two Mineflayer bots and two Minecraft clients with the capture mod. The
white boxes were rendered with mineengine.cap2proxy from the world-state logs. Player skins are MineEngine's procedural skins
and the Minecraft default skins.
Licence
The dataset is released under CC BY-NC 4.0. The Minecraft content visible in the videos and images is © Mojang / Microsoft and is shown under the Minecraft Usage Guidelines. NOT AN OFFICIAL MINECRAFT PRODUCT. NOT APPROVED BY OR ASSOCIATED WITH MOJANG OR MICROSOFT.