| # Licences, sources and attributions |
|
|
| Every dataset keeps its own licence. The data was segmented, cleaned (invalid values masked, |
| duplicates removed), filtered (series overlapping the fev-bench, GIFT-Eval and TIME test data |
| removed; covariate collections use data before a fixed cutoff per source), paired with known-future |
| inputs (covariates) and given neutral series ids (the Wikipedia and subway collections keep article |
| titles or station names as ids). |
|
|
| ## Univariate datasets (`univariate/<folder>`) |
|
|
| | Folder | Dataset | Licence | |
| |---|---|---| |
| | `ajile` | [AJILE12: long-term naturalistic human intracranial (ECoG) recordings and pose (DANDI 000055)](https://dandiarchive.org/dandiset/000055) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `arpa-e-perform` | [ARPA-E PERFORM datasets (NREL time-coincident load, wind, solar; actuals)](https://data.openei.org/submissions/5772) | CC-BY-4.0 (OEDI) | |
| | `australian-electricity-demand` | [Australian Electricity Demand (Monash TSF repository)](https://zenodo.org/records/4659727) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `azure-vm-traces-2017` | [Azure Public Dataset V1 (2017 VM traces), via CloudOps TSF](https://github.com/Azure/AzurePublicDataset/blob/master/AzurePublicDatasetV1.md) | CC-BY-4.0 (data); MIT (code) | |
| | `batch-distillation` | [Batch Distillation Data for Developing Machine Learning Anomaly Detection Methods (lab-scale plant)](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17395544) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `bdg-2` | [Building Data Genome Project 2 (BDG2) sites Bear, Fox, Panther, Rat, Bull, Hog](https://github.com/buds-lab/building-data-genome-project-2) | CC-BY-SA-4.0 | |
| | `bidmc32hr` | [BIDMC32HR (TSER archive; from PhysioNet BIDMC PPG and Respiration Dataset)](https://physionet.org/content/bidmc/1.0.0/) | ODC-By-1.0 (PhysioNet) | |
| | `borealis` | [6-second load measurement dataset (Waterloo, ON households; Ardakanian, Huo, Keshav), via BuildingsBench/LOTSA](https://borealisdata.ca/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.5683/SP2/R4SVBF) | CC0-1.0 | |
| | `borg-cluster-data-2011` | [Google cluster-usage traces ClusterData2011_2 (Borg), via LOTSA (CloudOps TSF)](https://github.com/google/cluster-data/blob/master/ClusterData2011_2.md) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `camels-de` | [CAMELS-DE: hydrometeorological time series and attributes for 1582 catchments in Germany](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13837553) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `cdc-fluview-who-nrevss` | [CDC FluView WHO/NREVSS clinical and public-health lab influenza data, via LOTSA](https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/fluview/fluportaldashboard.html) | US Government work (public domain) | |
| | `cesnet` | [CESNET-TimeSeries24 (institution-level aggregates, 10-minute and 1-day)](https://zenodo.org/records/13382427) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `eia930` | [EIA Form 930 Hourly Electric Grid Monitor (balancing-authority demand, net generation, interchange, generation by fuel)](https://www.eia.gov/electricity/gridmonitor/) | Public domain (U.S. government work) | |
| | `eigenworms` | [EigenWorms (UEA multivariate classification archive), via UTSD (thuml)](https://www.timeseriesclassification.com/description.php?Dataset=EigenWorms) | CC-BY-4.0 (Open Worm Movement Database) | |
| | `elecdemand` | [Half-hourly electricity demand for Victoria, Australia, 2014 (fpp2 'elecdemand'), via Monash](https://zenodo.org/records/4656069) | CC-BY-4.0 (Monash copy); original AEMO data under AEMO copyright permissions | |
| | `era5` | [ERA5 reanalysis (ECMWF/C3S), via LOTSA (ClimateLearn/WeatherBench 5.625deg), UTSD (ERA5 Surface/Pressure) and Chronos datasets (weatherbench_hourly)](https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/datasets/reanalysis-era5-single-levels) | CC-BY-4.0 (Copernicus products since 2025-07-02; earlier, the Licence to use Copernicus Products) | |
| | `factorynet-aursad` | [AURSAD: Universal Robot Screwdriving Anomaly Detection Dataset (via FactoryNet)](https://zenodo.org/records/4487073) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `factorynet-cnc` | [CNC Mill Tool Wear (University of Michigan SMART lab), via Kaggle](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/shasun/tool-wear-detection-in-cnc-mill) | CC0-1.0 | |
| | `freshretailnet` | [FreshRetailNet-50K (Dingdong fresh retail, censored demand)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Dingdong-Inc/FreshRetailNet-50K) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `gpm-mergir` | [NCEP/CPC L3 Half Hourly 4km Global (60S-60N) Merged IR V1 (GPM_MERGIR), NASA GES DISC](https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_MERGIR_1/summary) | NASA EOSDIS open data (no restrictions) | |
| | `ideal` | [IDEAL Household Energy Dataset (255 UK homes; electricity, gas, room and boiler sensors, weather)](https://datashare.ed.ac.uk/handle/10283/3647) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `ideal-hourly` | [IDEAL Household Energy Dataset (hourly processed copy in NREL BuildingsBench)](https://datashare.ed.ac.uk/handle/10283/3647) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `lcl` | [Low Carbon London: SmartMeter Energy Consumption Data in London Households (UK Power Networks)](https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/smartmeter-energy-consumption-data-in-london-households-vqm0d) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `london-smart-meters` | [SmartMeter Energy Consumption Data in London Households (UK Power Networks, Low Carbon London trial)](https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/smartmeter-energy-use-data-in-london-households/) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `m100-ipmi` | [M100 ExaData (CINECA Marconi100 telemetry), IPMI plugin data](https://zenodo.org/records/7588815) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `metro-traffic` | [Metro Interstate Traffic Volume (MnDOT counts on I-94, UCI Machine Learning Repository)](https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/492/metro+interstate+traffic+volume) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `museval-austin-water` | [City of Austin, Austin Water - Residential Water Consumption (monthly, 'Total Gallons'), via Synthefy MUSEval](https://data.austintexas.gov/Utilities-and-City-Services/Austin-Water-Residential-Water-Consumption/sxk7-7k6z) | Public domain (licence field on the City of Austin open data portal) | |
| | `museval-beijing-embassy` | [Beijing PM2.5 Data (US Embassy in Beijing, UCI Machine Learning Repository), via Synthefy MUSEval](https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/381/beijing+pm2+5+data) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `museval-causalrivers` | [CausalRivers (river discharge from German state agencies, 15-minute)](https://causalrivers.github.io/) | DL-DE-BY-2.0 (Datenlizenz Deutschland - Namensnennung 2.0) | |
| | `museval-cgm` | [Open D1NAMO dataset (type-1 diabetes: CGM glucose, insulin, food, Zephyr BioHarness HR/BR/posture/activity/HRV/core temp)](https://zenodo.org/records/5651217) | CC-BY-SA-4.0 | |
| | `museval-mn-interstate` | [Metro Interstate Traffic Volume (UCI Machine Learning Repository), via Synthefy MUSEval](https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/492/metro+interstate+traffic+volume) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `museval-mta-ridership` | [MTA Daily Ridership Data: 2020-2025 (NY State Open Data, vxuj-8kew)](https://data.ny.gov/Transportation/MTA-Daily-Ridership-Data-2020-2025/vxuj-8kew) | OPEN-NY Terms of Use | |
| | `museval-traffic-pems` | [Caltrans PeMS traffic data, via Synthefy MUSEval](https://pems.dot.ca.gov/) | Public domain (Caltrans PeMS) | |
| | `national-illness` | [ILI / 'national_illness' (CDC ILINet weekly, Autoformer benchmark)](https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/fluview/fluportaldashboard.html) | US Government work (CDC; public domain) | |
| | `nhanes-pax80` | [NHANES 2011-2014 Physical Activity Monitor, raw 80 Hz accelerometer data (PAX80_G / PAX80_H)](https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Data/Nhanes/Public/2011/DataFiles/PAX80_G.htm) | US Government work; NCHS data-use restrictions (see Attributions) | |
| | `nmt-eeg` | [NMT Scalp EEG Dataset (NUST / Pak-Emirates Military Hospital)](https://dll.seecs.nust.edu.pk/downloads/) | CC-BY-SA-4.0 | |
| | `ntu-fi-humanid-csi-amplitude` | [NTU-Fi HumanID (WiFi CSI human identification), SenseFi benchmark](https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/dzvgyxkx2f) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `nyc-taxi` | [NYC TLC taxi trip records, aggregated (OpenCity NYC_TAXI from UrbanGPT; GluonTS taxi_30min and taxi_1h)](https://www.nyc.gov/site/tlc/about/tlc-trip-record-data.page) | NYC Open Data terms (no use restrictions) | |
| | `pedestrian-counts` | [City of Melbourne Pedestrian Counting System, hourly counts (Monash TSF repository)](https://zenodo.org/records/4656626) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `pems-bay` | [PEMS-BAY (DCRNN; 325 Bay Area Caltrans PeMS sensors, 5-min, 2017), via OpenCity and LOTSA (LibCity)](https://github.com/liyaguang/DCRNN) | Public domain (Caltrans PeMS) | |
| | `pems-districts` | [PEMS03 / PEMS04 / PEMS07 / PEMS08 (Caltrans PeMS district traffic flow, ASTGCN/STSGCN versions)](https://pems.dot.ca.gov/) | Public domain (Caltrans PeMS) | |
| | `project-tycho` | [Project Tycho Level 2 v1.1.0 (University of Pittsburgh)](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12608994) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `residential-load-power` | [Residential Power and Battery Data (SwitchDin, via Monash)](https://zenodo.org/records/8219786) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `residential-pv-power` | [Residential Power and Battery Data (SwitchDin/Monash), via LOTSA residential_pv_power](https://zenodo.org/records/8219786) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `smart` | [UMass Smart* Home dataset (homes B, C, D, F and G), via BuildingsBench and LOTSA](https://traces.cs.umass.edu/docs/traces/smartstar/) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `solar-power` | [Solar Power Dataset (4 Seconds Observations), Monash; from AEMO NEMWeb](https://zenodo.org/records/4656027) | CC-BY-4.0 (Monash copy); original AEMO data under AEMO copyright permissions | |
| | `subseasonal` | [SubseasonalClimateUSA (Microsoft subseasonal_data), US ground-truth variables, via LOTSA](https://github.com/microsoft/subseasonal_data) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `subseasonal-precip` | [SubseasonalClimateUSA US precipitation ground truth (us_precip), via LOTSA](https://github.com/microsoft/subseasonal_data) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `telecomts-real` | [TelecomTS (5G testbed observability dataset), real-anomaly files](https://huggingface.co/datasets/AliMaatouk/TelecomTS) | MIT | |
| | `traffic` | [Traffic (San Francisco Bay Area freeway occupancy, 862 sensors, hourly; LSTNet, Monash 'traffic_hourly')](https://zenodo.org/records/4656132) | Public domain (Caltrans PeMS) | |
| | `umass-sundance` | [UMass Smart* SunDance dataset (hourly net-meter, solar and weather data, 100 sites, 2015)](https://traces.cs.umass.edu/docs/traces/smartstar/) | CC-BY-4.0 | |
| | `urbangpt-chicago-taxi` | [UrbanGPT CHI_taxi (Chicago taxi in/outflow by 77 community areas, 30-min)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/bjdwh/UrbanGPT_ori_stdata) | City of Chicago data portal terms (see Attributions) | |
| | `urbangpt-nyc-crime` | [UrbanGPT NYC_CRIME (NYPD complaint counts by grid cell, from NYC Open Data)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/bjdwh/UrbanGPT_ori_stdata) | Apache-2.0 (UrbanGPT); NYC Open Data terms of use | |
| | `ushcn-daily` | [U.S. Historical Climatology Network (USHCN) daily temperature, precipitation and snow](https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ncdc%3AC00895) | US Government work (NOAA/NCEI; public domain) | |
| | `wiki-daily-100k` | [Wikimedia daily pageviews of 100,000 Wikipedia pages (Chronos datasets wiki_daily_100k)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/autogluon/chronos_datasets) | CC0-1.0 (Wikimedia pageview dumps) | |
| | `wiki-rolling-nips` | [Wikimedia daily pageviews (GluonTS wiki-rolling_nips)](https://github.com/awslabs/gluonts) | CC0-1.0 (Wikimedia pageviews); Apache-2.0 (GluonTS) | |
| | `wikipedia` | [Wikimedia pageview series, rebuilt from the Wikimedia pageview dumps](https://dumps.wikimedia.org/other/pageview_complete/readme.html) | CC0-1.0 (Wikimedia pageview dumps) | |
| | `wind-farms` | [Monash Wind Farms Dataset (339 Australian wind farms, minutely), original data from AEMO](https://zenodo.org/records/4654909) | CC-BY-4.0 (Monash copy); original AEMO data under AEMO copyright permissions | |
| | `wind-power` | [Wind Power Dataset (4 Seconds Observations), Monash; from AEMO NEMWeb](https://zenodo.org/records/4656032) | CC-BY-4.0 (Monash copy); original AEMO data under AEMO copyright permissions | |
| | `worldtrace` | [WorldTrace (UniTraj): processed, OSM map-matched GPS trajectories](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenTrace/WorldTrace) | ODbL-1.0 | |
| | `worms` | [UCR/UEA archive Worms (C. elegans movement, eigenworm series)](https://www.timeseriesclassification.com/description.php?Dataset=Worms) | CC-BY-4.0 (Open Worm Movement Database) | |
| | `zhou2016` | [Zhou2016 three-class motor imagery EEG dataset (MOABB Zhou2016)](https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.2061654) | CC0-1.0 (original figshare) | |
|
|
| ## Covariate collections (`covariates/<folder>`) |
|
|
| | Folder | Data | Licence | |
| |---|---|---| |
| | `aemo_solar_farm_nwp` | AEMO NEMweb Dispatch_SCADA (DISPATCH_UNIT_SCADA) and Next_Day_PreDispatch (PREDISPATCH UNIT_SOLUTION); Open-Meteo Previous Runs API (ECMWF IFS 0.25); farm metadata from the OpenNEM station registry | AEMO copyright permissions (use with attribution); Open-Meteo / ECMWF CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `aemo_wem_load_forecast` | AEMO Wholesale Electricity Market (Western Australia, SWIS) operational load with AEMO's pre-dispatch energy requirement forecast | AEMO copyright permissions (use with attribution) | |
| | `aemo_wind_farm_nwp` | AEMO NEMweb Dispatch_SCADA (DISPATCH_UNIT_SCADA) and Next_Day_PreDispatch (PREDISPATCH UNIT_SOLUTION); Open-Meteo Previous Runs API (ECMWF IFS 0.25); farm metadata from the OpenNEM station registry | AEMO copyright permissions (use with attribution); Open-Meteo / ECMWF CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `asos_temperature_mos` | Iowa Environmental Mesonet: ASOS routine METAR temperature and GFS MOS (MAV) archive | Public domain (NWS) | |
| | `battery_drive_cycles` | McMaster University (Kollmeyer et al.), LG 18650HG2 Li-ion battery data, Mendeley Data cp3473x7xv v3: drive-cycle cycler CSVs | CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `bcb_focus_inflation` | Banco Central do Brasil: Focus market expectations (Olinda OData ExpectativaMercadoMensais, baseCalculo 0) and SGS monthly IPCA component series | ODbL 1.0 (BCB open data portal: Focus survey and SGS series) | |
| | `bts_airport_schedule` | US DOT BTS Airline On-Time Performance (Reporting Carrier, PREZIP monthly files) | US Government work (BTS/DOT), public domain | |
| | `cams_europe_air_quality` | EEA E2a up-to-date air quality observations; CAMS European air quality ensemble forecast via the Open-Meteo Single Runs API | Copernicus licence (CAMS; free, with attribution); EEA re-use policy (CC BY 4.0); Open-Meteo CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `city_load_weather_forecast` | EIA-930 hourly demand by subregion (six-month SUBREGION bulk files); GFS MOS (MAV) from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet for one airport per PJM/ERCOT/ISO-NE subregion | US Government work, public domain (EIA; NWS MOS via the Iowa Environmental Mesonet) | |
| | `covid_hub_admissions` | CDC COVID-19 Forecast Hub (NHSN target); hub ensemble model-output | CC0 / US public domain (CDC Forecast Hub) | |
| | `cpc_monthly_outlook` | NOAA CPC official long-lead outlooks (station probabilities, all leads, temperature and precipitation) mapped to climate divisions; NOAA NCEI nClimDiv divisional temperature | US government works (NOAA/NWS/NCEI), public domain in the US | |
| | `dk_wind_solar_dayahead` | Energinet Energi Data Service: Forecasts_Hour and ProductionConsumptionSettlement | CC BY 4.0 (Energi Data Service, Energinet) | |
| | `eia930_ba_load_weather` | EIA-930 balancing-authority demand with NASA POWER weather | Public domain (EIA); NASA POWER open data | |
| | `eia930_ba_solar_weather` | EIA-930 balancing-authority solar generation with NASA POWER weather | Public domain (EIA); NASA POWER open data | |
| | `eia930_ba_wind_weather` | EIA-930 balancing-authority wind generation with NASA POWER weather | Public domain (EIA); NASA POWER open data | |
| | `eia930_demand_da` | U.S. EIA Form EIA-930 Hourly Electric Grid Monitor, bulk file EBA.zip (UTC hourly series) | US government public domain | |
| | `eia930_subregion_load_weather` | EIA-930 sub-region demand with NASA POWER weather | Public domain (EIA); NASA POWER open data | |
| | `eirgrid_ireland_demand_wind` | EirGrid Smart Grid Dashboard (SYSTEM_DEMAND, WIND_ACTUAL, WIND_FCAST; ROI and NI) and SEMO reports BM-010 PUB_DailyLoadFcst and BM-013 PUB_4DayAggRollWindUnitFcst | EirGrid Group Open Data Licence (covers the dashboard and the SEMO reports) | |
| | `elia_load_dayahead` | Elia Open Data, ods001 'Measured and forecasted total load on the Belgian grid (Historical data)' | Elia Open Data Licence | |
| | `elia_wind_solar_dayahead` | Elia Open Data, ods031 (wind power production estimation and forecast, historical) and ods032 (photovoltaic power production estimation and forecast, historical) | Elia Open Data Licence | |
| | `enso_forecast_plume` | NOAA observed Niño 3.4 index with the IRI ENSO forecast probabilities of El Niño and La Niña | IRI ENSO Forecast Data CC BY 4.0; NOAA public domain | |
| | `eu_wind_farm_nwp` | Elexon BMRS (B1610 per-BM-unit metered output) + Open-Meteo Previous Runs (ECMWF IFS 0.25) | BMRS data licence (Elexon): use incl. commercial, with attribution; Open-Meteo / ECMWF CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `eurostat_flash_hicp` | Eurostat HICP: first-published data prc_hicp_fp (ECOICOP 1, to 2025-12) and prc_hicp_fpd (ECOICOP 2, 2026 on) flash/final, euro-indicator release pages, and prc_hicp_minr (current vintage) | Eurostat re-use policy: free re-use with attribution (Commission Decision 2011/833/EU; CC BY 4.0) | |
| | `fi_rail_timetable` | Fintraffic Digitraffic rail API: /api/v1/trains/{date} (final data) and /api/v1/trains/history/{date}/{train} (version histories), passenger trains | CC BY 4.0 (Digitraffic open data licence, as stated by Fintraffic) | |
| | `gb_gsp_solar_nwp` | Sheffield Solar PV_Live GSP generation + Open-Meteo Previous Runs API (ECMWF IFS 0.25) | PV_Live CC BY 4.0; NESO Open Data Licence; Open-Meteo / ECMWF CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `gb_unit_output_availability` | Elexon BMRS Insights API: UOU2T14D (2-14 day output usable by BM unit) and B1610 (actual generation output per generation unit) | BMRS data licence (Elexon): use incl. commercial, with attribution | |
| | `gb_wind_generation` | Elexon BMRS Insights API: WINDFOR (wind generation forecast, every publish) and FUELHH (WIND fuel type outturn) | BMRS data licence (Elexon): use incl. commercial, with attribution | |
| | `hai_setpoints` | HAI ICS security dataset (NSR / icsdataset), release HAI 22.04, normal training files train1-6 | CC BY-SA 4.0 | |
| | `hotel_bookings_otb64` | Hotel booking demand datasets (two hotels in Portugal; Antonio, Almeida and Nunes 2019, Data in Brief) | CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `london_dtou_tariff` | UK Power Networks Low Carbon London: SmartMeter Energy Consumption Data in London Households (LCL-FullData.zip) + 2013 dToU schedule (Tariffs.xlsx) | CC BY 4.0 (London Datastore dataset licence field) | |
| | `mbta_planned_disruptions` | MBTA Open Data Portal, MBTA Gated Station Entries (ArcGIS 001c177f07594e7c99f193dde32284c9); scheduled trips from archived MBTA GTFS feeds | CC0 (MBTA gated station entries); MassDOT Developers License Agreement (GTFS) | |
| | `mlb_attendance_schedule` | Retrosheet game logs 2022-2025 and original regular-season schedules 2023-2026 (retrosheet.org), with MLB attendance | Retrosheet notice (https://www.retrosheet.org/notice.txt): free use incl. commercial, with the required statement | |
| | `neso_demand_dayahead` | NESO Data Portal: Day Ahead Half Hourly Demand Forecast Performance (1B), Embedded Wind and Solar Forecasts (archives), Historic Demand Data | NESO Open Data Licence | |
| | `nist_nzertf_house` | NIST Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF), instrumented hourly data Year 1 and Year 2 | US Government work (NIST; open and free) | |
| | `noaa_tide_predictions` | NOAA CO-OPS (Tides and Currents API: water_level, predictions) | US Government work, public domain (NOAA) | |
| | `nwm_streamflow_forecast` | USGS NWIS instantaneous discharge (00060) and NOAA National Water Model v3.1 medium-range forecast (member 1, 00Z) streamflow at the NWM route-link reach of each gauge | US Government work, public domain (NOAA NWM; USGS, provisional data statement) | |
| | `nyc_subway_events` | MTA Subway Hourly Ridership: Beginning 2025 (data.ny.gov 5wq4-mkjj), 12 station complexes; event schedules from Retrosheet and dated Wikipedia team-season revisions | OPEN-NY Terms of Use (MTA ridership); Retrosheet notice; CC BY-SA 4.0 (event dates from Wikipedia team-season articles) | |
| | `nyc_taxi_permitted_events` | NYC TLC trip records (yellow, green, FHVHV pickups per zone-hour) and NYC CECM Permitted Event Information - Historical (bkfu-528j) geocoded to taxi zones | NYC Open Data terms of use | |
| | `nz_node_price_schedule` | NZ Electricity Authority EMI datasets: WITS forecast price schedules (PRSL long, PRSS short) and final energy prices | CC BY 4.0 (EMI datasets) | |
| | `ons_brazil_load_forecast` | ONS (Operador Nacional do Sistema Eletrico, Brazil) Dados Abertos API: carga verificada and carga programada, half-hourly per subsystem | Creative Commons Attribution (ONS Dados Abertos) | |
| | `ons_brazil_load_weather` | ONS Brazil subsystem load with NASA POWER weather | CC-BY (ONS Dados Abertos); NASA POWER open data | |
| | `panasonic_battery_drive_cycles` | Panasonic 18650PF drive-cycle test data, P. Kollmeyer, UW-Madison (Mendeley Data wykht8y7tg v1), drive-cycle .mat files | CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `pvdaq_site_solar_weather` | NREL PVDAQ site output (DOE Solar Data Prize system 2107) with NASA POWER weather | CC-BY-4.0 (NREL/OEDI); NASA POWER open data | |
| | `rba_smp_forecasts` | RBA Statement on Monetary Policy forecast archive (smp-forecast-archive.xlsx, Nov 2018 - Aug 2026); targets from the ABS Data API (CPI, CPI_Q trimmed mean, LF unemployment rate) | CC BY 4.0 (Reserve Bank of Australia); ABS data CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `rfc_river_forecasts` | NWS River Forecast Centers RVF stage forecasts (IEM AFOS text archive) + USGS NWIS IV gauge height 00065 | US Government work, public domain (NWS; USGS, provisional data statement) | |
| | `rsv_hub_admissions` | CDC RSV Forecast Hub (NHSN target); hub ensemble model-output | CC0 / US public domain (CDC Forecast Hub) | |
| | `rte_france_load_j1` | RTE eCO2mix national data via ODRE (opendatasoft): eco2mix-national-cons-def and eco2mix-national-tr | Licence Ouverte v2.0 (Etalab) | |
| | `sbb_rail_delays` | opentransportdata.swiss: Ist-Daten v2 (actual data per operating day) and GTFS FP2026 timetable releases | opentransportdata.swiss Terms of Use (open data; cite the source) | |
| | `seoul_metro_kbo` | Seoul Metro station gate counts (data.go.kr 15048032) with KBO game schedules at Jamsil Baseball Stadium from the Seoul sports-facility event list ([data.seoul.go.kr OA-15497](https://data.seoul.go.kr/dataList/OA-15497/S/1/datasetView.do)) | data.go.kr: no restriction on use (Seoul Metro); KOGL Type 1, source attribution (Seoul event list) | |
| | `stofs_water_level_forecast` | NOAA STOFS-2D-Global (AWS noaa-gestofs-pds) + NOAA CO-OPS water_level | US Government work, public domain (NOAA) | |
| | `surfrad_solar_hrrr` | NOAA GML SURFRAD and SOLRAD 1-minute radiation/meteorology files; NOAA HRRR DSWRF (AWS open data, via the hrrrzarr mirror, checked against GRIB2) | CC0 1.0 (SURFRAD/SOLRAD, NOAA GML); NOAA open data (HRRR) | |
| | `swpc_f107_45day` | NOAA SWPC 45-day forecast (NCEI archive) + GFZ Potsdam daily F10.7 (DRAO Penticton) | US Government work, public domain (NOAA SWPC); GFZ F10.7 CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `swpc_kp_forecast` | NOAA SWPC 3-day forecast (NCEI archive) + GFZ Potsdam Kp | US Government work, public domain (NOAA SWPC); GFZ Kp CC BY 4.0 | |
| | `tennessee_eastman_setpoints` | Extended Tennessee Eastman simulation database (Reinartz, Kulahci, Ravn 2021, DTU Data 10.11583/DTU.13385936.v1): SpVariation and ModeTransition runs | CC0 | |
| | `transit_scheduled_service` | BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit): hourly origin-destination ridership files and archived GTFS timetable versions | BART Developer License Agreement (ridership and GTFS) | |
| | `uk_roadworks_traffic` | National Highways WebTRIS traffic flow with National Highways planned roadworks (England) | Open Government Licence v3.0 | |
| | `us_ba_load_mos` | EIA-930 Hourly Electric Grid Monitor six-month BALANCE files + IEM GFS MOS (MAV) archive | US government public domain | |
| | `wikipedia_sports_fixtures` | Wikimedia pageviews + Wikipedia club season articles (as-of revisions); article list in `articles.csv` | CC0 (pageviews) / CC BY-SA 4.0 (wikitext) | |
| | `wikipedia_tv_episodes` | Wikimedia pageviews + Wikipedia episode lists (as-of revisions); article list in `articles.csv` | CC0 (pageviews) / CC BY-SA 4.0 (wikitext) | |
|
|
| ## Licence texts |
|
|
| The licences named above, with links to their texts: |
|
|
| - CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode |
| - CC BY-SA 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode |
| - CC0 1.0: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode |
| - ODbL 1.0: https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/ |
| - ODC-By 1.0: https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1-0/ |
| - DL-DE-BY-2.0: https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-2-0 |
| - OGL v3.0: https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ |
| - Licence Ouverte 2.0: https://www.etalab.gouv.fr/licence-ouverte-open-licence/ |
| - KOGL Type 1: https://www.kogl.or.kr/info/licenseType1.do |
| - MIT: https://opensource.org/license/mit |
| - Apache-2.0: https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
|
|
| Other terms (government open-data terms, AEMO, BMRS, Elia, EirGrid, NESO, OPEN-NY, NYC Open Data, |
| BART, MassDOT, opentransportdata.swiss, Retrosheet) are linked from each dataset's source page. |
|
|
| ## Share-alike datasets |
|
|
| These folders are offered under the same licence as their source. Each holds a `LICENSE.md` with the |
| licence and a link to its text: |
|
|
| - `univariate/bdg-2`: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode) |
| - `univariate/museval-cgm`: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode) |
| - `univariate/nmt-eeg`: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode) |
| - `univariate/worldtrace`: ODbL 1.0 (https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/) |
| - `covariates/bcb_focus_inflation`: ODbL 1.0 (https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/) |
| - `covariates/hai_setpoints`: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode) |
| - `covariates/nyc_subway_events`: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode) |
| - `covariates/wikipedia_sports_fixtures`: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode) |
| - `covariates/wikipedia_tv_episodes`: CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode) |
|
|
| Share-alike applies to these folders and to adapted versions of them. The other datasets keep their |
| own licences. Changes made to all of them: segmented, cleaned and filtered as described at the top. |
|
|
| ## Trained on, not redistributed |
|
|
| The released models were also trained on these public datasets, which are not in this dataset. |
| They are credited here; their own licences and terms apply: |
|
|
| - [LargeAQ](https://github.com/PoorOtterBob/CauAir) |
| - [Oikolab Weather Dataset](https://zenodo.org/records/5184708) |
| - [EPA AirNow (data from state, local and tribal air agencies)](https://www.airnow.gov/) |
| - [Uber and Lyft Boston rideshare prices](https://zenodo.org/records/5122114) |
| - [UCI Bike Sharing Dataset](https://archive.ics.uci.edu/dataset/275/bike+sharing+dataset) |
| - [Hourly energy demand, generation and weather for Spain](https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/nicholasjhana/energy-consumption-generation-prices-and-weather) |
| - [ENTSO-E Transparency Platform, as compiled in PriceFM](https://huggingface.co/RunyaoYu/PriceFM) |
| - [UoMo mobile-traffic datasets TrafficNC / TrafficNJ / TrafficSD](https://github.com/tsinghua-fib-lab/UoMo) |
| - [NN5 forecasting competition](https://zenodo.org/records/4656117) |
| - [CIF 2016 forecasting competition dataset](https://zenodo.org/records/4656042) |
| - [M1 forecasting competition](https://zenodo.org/records/4656159) |
| - [Indian agricultural market (mandi) prices, Agmarknet](https://agmarknet.gov.in/) |
| - [Wikipedia web traffic, as extended in LOTSA](https://huggingface.co/datasets/Salesforce/lotsa_data) |
| - [Kaggle Web Traffic Time Series Forecasting competition (2017)](https://www.kaggle.com/competitions/web-traffic-time-series-forecasting) |
| - [MUSEval Wikipedia series](https://github.com/Synthefy/MUSEval) |
|
|
| ## Attributions |
|
|
| ### Univariate datasets |
|
|
| - **ERA5** (ECMWF / Copernicus Climate Change Service): "Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change |
| Service information 2026. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use |
| that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains." Hersbach et al. (2020). |
| WeatherBench / ClimateLearn regridding: CC BY 4.0, Rasp et al. (2020). |
| - **US government works** (no copyright in the US): GPM_MERGIR (NASA GES DISC), USHCN daily (NOAA |
| NCEI), EIA Form 930 (U.S. Energy Information Administration), CDC FluView WHO/NREVSS and ILINet |
| (CDC). |
| - **NHANES 2011-2014 PAX80** (CDC / NCHS), with the NCHS data-use restrictions |
| (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data_access/restrictions.htm), which apply to every user: "Use the data |
| in this dataset for statistical reporting and analysis only. Make no attempt to learn the identity |
| of any person or establishment included in these data. Not link this dataset with individually |
| identifiable data from other NCHS or non-NCHS datasets. Not engage in any efforts to assess |
| disclosure methodologies applied to protect individuals and establishments." |
| - **Caltrans PeMS** (PEMS03/04/07/08, PEMS-BAY, Traffic): data from Caltrans PeMS (pems.dot.ca.gov), |
| "considered in the public domain"; processing by ASTGCN, STSGCN, DCRNN and LSTNet. The |
| `museval-traffic-pems` series were obtained through Synthefy MUSEval. |
| - **AEMO** (Monash Wind Farms, Wind Power, Solar Power, Australian Electricity Demand, Victoria |
| electricity demand): "Source: Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO); AEMO is the author of the |
| original material." Monash Time Series Forecasting Archive, Godahewa et al. (2021), CC BY 4.0. |
| - **CC BY 4.0 sources** (creator, title, licence, changes made as above): M100 ExaData (CINECA; |
| Borghesi et al.), Google cluster-usage traces 2011, Azure Public Dataset V1 (Microsoft), |
| Residential Power and Battery Data (compiled by SwitchDin, made available through Monash |
| University; Bergmeir et al. 2023), AURSAD (Leporowski et al.), NTU-Fi HumanID (Yang et al.), |
| CESNET-TimeSeries24 (Koumar et al.), SmartMeter Energy Consumption Data in London Households and |
| Low Carbon London (UK Power Networks, London Datastore), CAMELS-DE (Dolich et al. 2024), |
| AJILE12 (Peterson et al. 2022; DANDI 000055), SubseasonalClimateUSA (Microsoft), UMass Smart* Home |
| and SunDance, IDEAL Household Energy Dataset, ARPA-E PERFORM (NREL / OEDI), Batch Distillation Data |
| (Arweiler et al.), FreshRetailNet-50K (Dingdong), EigenWorms and Worms (Open Worm Movement |
| Database, Javer et al., Schafer lab; Yemini et al. 2013; UEA/UCR archive). |
| - **Melbourne pedestrian counts**: City of Melbourne, Pedestrian Counting System (CC BY 4.0), via the |
| Monash Time Series Forecasting Archive (Godahewa et al. 2021, Zenodo 4656626). |
| - **Project Tycho**: Van Panhuis W., Cross A., Burke D., Project Tycho data release, Level 2 |
| version 1.1.0, doi:10.5281/zenodo.12608994 (CC BY 4.0). |
| - **UCI Machine Learning Repository** (CC BY 4.0): Metro Interstate Traffic Volume (Hogue 2019, |
| doi:10.24432/C5X60B; traffic counts from MnDOT; only the traffic volume is included) and Beijing |
| PM2.5 Data (Chen 2015, doi:10.24432/C5JS49; only the PM2.5 series is included). The MUSEval copies |
| were obtained through Synthefy MUSEval. |
| - **CNC Mill Tool Wear**: SMART lab, University of Michigan; published on Kaggle under CC0. |
| - **NYPD complaint data** (UrbanGPT NYC_CRIME): NYPD Complaint Data, NYC Open Data (City of New |
| York), aggregated to grid cells by UrbanGPT (HKUDS, Apache-2.0). |
| - **AJILE12, NMT Scalp EEG and Open D1NAMO** hold recordings of people: make no attempt to identify |
| any participant. |
| - **BIDMC32HR**: ODC-By 1.0 (PhysioNet; Pimentel et al. 2016; Goldberger et al. 2000). |
| - **CausalRivers**: Datenlizenz Deutschland - Namensnennung 2.0 (dl-de/by-2-0). "Datenquelle: |
| TLUBN Thüringen, LHW Sachsen-Anhalt, LfULG Sachsen, LUNG M-V, SenMVKU Berlin, LfU Brandenburg, GDWS, |
| LfU Bayern, dl-de/by-2-0." |
| - **NYC TLC trip records** (aggregated): NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission, NYC Open Data. |
| - **MTA Daily Ridership**: Metropolitan Transportation Authority, data.ny.gov (OPEN-NY Terms of Use). |
| - **City of Chicago data** (UrbanGPT CHI_taxi): "This site provides applications using data that has |
| been modified for use from its original source, www.cityofchicago.org, the official website of the |
| City of Chicago. The City of Chicago makes no claims as to the content, accuracy, timeliness, or |
| completeness of any of the data provided at this site. The data provided at this site is subject to |
| change at any time. It is understood that the data provided at this site is being used at one's own |
| risk." |
| - **City of Austin**, Austin Water residential consumption: public domain; the City of Austin makes |
| no warranty as to the data. |
| - **6-second load measurement dataset** (Borealis): CC0. **Zhou2016**: CC0 (Zhou et al. 2016). |
| - **TelecomTS** (Maatouk et al.): MIT licence, as stated on its dataset card; the licence text is in |
| `univariate/telecomts-real/LICENSE.md`. |
| - **Wikimedia pageviews**: Wikimedia Foundation, pageview dumps (CC0). `wiki-daily-100k` was |
| obtained through the Chronos datasets (autogluon/chronos_datasets) and `wiki-rolling-nips` through |
| GluonTS (Apache-2.0). |
| - **WorldTrace / UniTraj** (`univariate/worldtrace`): "Contains information from |
| [WorldTrace (UniTraj)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenTrace/WorldTrace), which is made |
| available under the [ODbL 1.0](https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/)"; map matching uses data © OpenStreetMap |
| contributors (https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright). The folder is a derived database offered |
| under the ODbL 1.0: the entire derived WorldTrace database the released models were trained on |
| (844,593 series segments, 2,000,000,442 values), offered as ODbL s.4.6 asks. |
| - **NMT Scalp EEG** (Khan et al. 2022; `univariate/nmt-eeg`), **Building Data Genome Project 2** |
| (Miller et al. 2020; `univariate/bdg-2`) and **Open D1NAMO** (Dubosson et al. 2018; |
| `univariate/museval-cgm`): [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode). Changes: as described at the top. |
| The folders are offered under CC BY-SA 4.0. |
| - **Processed copies**: some series were obtained through LOTSA (Salesforce), UTSD, OpenCity and the |
| Chronos datasets, whose processing code and files carry Apache-2.0 notices; the data keep the |
| original owners' terms given above. |
| |
| ### Covariate collections |
| |
| - **NASA POWER** (weather paired with energy targets): "These data were obtained from the NASA |
| Langley Research Center POWER Project funded through the NASA Earth Science Directorate Applied |
| Science Program." |
| - **Open-Meteo / ECMWF** (numerical weather prediction inputs): "Weather data by Open-Meteo.com |
| (CC BY 4.0)". "Copyright 2026 European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Source: |
| www.ecmwf.int. Licence: CC BY 4.0. ECMWF does not accept any liability whatsoever for any error or |
| omission in the data, their availability, or for any loss or damage arising from their use." |
| - **US government works**: EIA-930 (EIA), NWS MOS via the Iowa Environmental Mesonet archive, NOAA |
| CPC, NOAA CO-OPS, NOAA STOFS, NOAA National Water Model, NWS River Forecast Centers with USGS |
| gauges, NOAA SWPC, NOAA SURFRAD / SOLRAD and HRRR (NOAA GML, NOAA/NCEP), BTS, NIST NZERTF, CDC |
| COVID-19 and RSV Forecast Hubs (the hubs ask users to contact covidhub@cdc.gov and rsvhub@cdc.gov |
| about attribution; targets from NHSN). |
| - **AEMO** (solar and wind farm forecasts; WEM load and load forecasts): "Source: Australian Energy |
| Market Operator (AEMO)." |
| - **Elexon BMRS**: "Contains BMRS data © Elexon Limited copyright and database right 2026." |
| - **NESO**: "Supported by National Energy SO Open Data." **Sheffield Solar**: "PV_Live by Sheffield |
| Solar is licensed under CC BY 4.0." |
| - **EirGrid**: "Supported by EirGrid Group Data." **Elia**: "Source: Elia Open Data." |
| **Energinet**: "Source: Energinet (www.energidataservice.dk)", CC BY 4.0. |
| - **RTE**: Licence Ouverte 2.0, "Source: RTE, eCO2mix (via ODRE)". |
| - **ONS Brazil**: "Fonte: Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico (ONS), dados.ons.org.br" (CC BY). |
| - **NREL PVDAQ** (DOE Solar Data Prize system 2107): CC BY 4.0, NREL / OEDI. |
| - **NZ Electricity Authority EMI**: CC BY 4.0, "Source: Electricity Authority, emi.ea.govt.nz". |
| - **Eurostat**: CC BY 4.0, "Source: Eurostat". **Reserve Bank of Australia**: CC BY 4.0, "Source: |
| Reserve Bank of Australia"; **Australian Bureau of Statistics**: CC BY 4.0. |
| - **Banco Central do Brasil** Focus survey and SGS series (`covariates/bcb_focus_inflation`): "Fonte: |
| Banco Central do Brasil, Sistema de Expectativas de Mercado"; contains information from the |
| [BCB open data portal](https://dadosabertos.bcb.gov.br/), which is made available under the |
| [ODbL 1.0](https://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1-0/). The targets are SGS series published by the Banco Central do |
| Brasil (Departamento Econômico), computed from IBGE's IPCA. The folder is a derived database |
| offered under the ODbL 1.0. The models also trained on an IGP-M series (FGV's index, with its |
| Focus expectations), which is not in this dataset; for that part, ODbL s.4.6(b) is met by the method: the Focus expectations come from the BCB Olinda OData |
| service (ExpectativaMercadoMensais, baseCalculo 0) and the target from SGS series 189, cleaned and |
| aligned as described at the top. |
| - **EEA / CAMS**: "Source: European Environment Agency" (CC BY 4.0); "Generated using Copernicus |
| Atmosphere Monitoring Service information 2026. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is |
| responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains." |
| - **GFZ Potsdam** Kp and F10.7: CC BY 4.0 (Matzka et al. 2021). |
| - **Low Carbon London** dynamic time-of-use tariff: CC BY 4.0 (UK Power Networks, London Datastore). |
| - **MTA subway** (OPEN-NY Terms of Use); **NYC TLC trip records and NYC Street Activity Permit Office |
| events** (NYC Open Data). The NBA, NHL and WNBA event dates in `covariates/nyc_subway_events` come |
| from dated revisions of the English Wikipedia team-season articles of the Knicks, Rangers, Nets |
| and Liberty (Wikipedia contributors, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)), listed per station |
| in the folder's `articles.csv`; the MLB dates come from Retrosheet. Changes: dates and start times |
| turned into hourly 0/1 flags. The folder is offered under CC BY-SA 4.0 for its Wikipedia-derived |
| part; the MTA and Retrosheet parts keep their own terms. |
| - **MBTA**: open data; GTFS under the MassDOT Developers License Agreement (MassDOT acknowledged; no |
| endorsement implied). **BART**: BART Developer License Agreement; no endorsement implied. |
| - **Fintraffic**: "Source: Fintraffic / digitraffic.fi, license CC 4.0 BY". |
| **opentransportdata.swiss**: source opentransportdata.swiss. |
| - **Retrosheet** (event schedules): "The information used here was obtained free of charge from and |
| is copyrighted by Retrosheet. Interested parties may contact Retrosheet at www.retrosheet.org." |
| - **Wikipedia** club-season and episode-list articles (`covariates/wikipedia_sports_fixtures`, |
| `covariates/wikipedia_tv_episodes`): match and air dates from Wikipedia articles by Wikipedia |
| contributors, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode). Each folder's `articles.csv` maps every |
| series to the article whose pageviews are its target and to the series' standard schedule pages |
| (the club's season articles; the show's article, episode list and, for some shows, season |
| articles). The build read dated revisions of these pages, as of each forecast moment. Seven clubs have no schedule pages listed, so their |
| covariates are empty. Pageviews: Wikimedia Foundation (CC0). Changes: dates extracted into daily |
| 0/1 flags. The folders are offered under CC BY-SA 4.0. |
| - **HAI** industrial control system dataset (`covariates/hai_setpoints`): National Security Research |
| Institute (NSR), Republic of Korea, HAI 22.04 (Shin et al.; https://github.com/icsdataset/hai), |
| [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode). Changes: as described at the top. The folder is offered |
| under CC BY-SA 4.0. |
| - **Extended Tennessee Eastman simulation data**: CC0 (Reinartz, Kulahci, Ravn 2021, DTU). |
| - **National Highways** WebTRIS traffic flow and planned roadworks: "Contains public sector |
| information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0." |
| - **IRI ENSO forecast plume**: "ENSO Forecast Data © 2002-2026 by International Research Institute |
| for Climate and Society, licensed under CC BY 4.0"; observed Niño 3.4 index from NOAA. |
| - **Hotel booking demand**: Antonio, Almeida and Nunes (2019), Data in Brief 22, |
| doi:10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.126 (CC BY 4.0). |
| - **Seoul Metro** gate counts: Seoul Metro (서울교통공사), data.go.kr dataset 15048032. |
| - **Seoul sports-facility event list** (KBO game schedules in `covariates/seoul_metro_kbo`): |
| "서울시 체육시설 공연행사 정보" by the Seoul Metropolitan Government (서울특별시), Seoul Open |
| Data Plaza dataset OA-15497 (https://data.seoul.go.kr/dataList/OA-15497/S/1/datasetView.do), |
| licensed under KOGL Type 1 (Korea Open Government License, source attribution). Changes: the |
| Jamsil Baseball Stadium game entries turned into hourly game flags. |
| - **Li-ion battery drive cycles**, LG 18650HG2 and Panasonic 18650PF: CC BY 4.0 (Kollmeyer et al., |
| Mendeley Data). |
|
|
