acmg/job-offers-attributes

US Federal Job Offers — Skill & Seniority Attributes (O*NET)

A collection of US federal job postings (sourced from USAJOBS), each labeled with structured attributes that capture the skills and seniority level required for the role.

Every record corresponds to a single posting and includes a set of (relationship, object) attribute pairs identified through manual annotation.

Dataset structure

Each line is a JSON object:

{
    "document_id": "007afae4023d8753946be437",
    "title": "IT PROJECT MANAGER (INFOSEC)",
    "description": "Defense Finance and Accounting Services (DFAS) mission is to lead the Department of Defense (DoD) in finance and accounting...",
    "source": "USAJOBS",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-15T03:23:44.517Z",
    "attributes": [
        {
            "relationship": "role_needs_seniority_greater_than_or_equal",
            "object": "senior"
        },
        {
            "relationship": "role_needs_skill",
            "object": "Complex Problem Solving"
        },
        {
            "relationship": "role_needs_skill",
            "object": "Systems Analysis"
        },
        {
            "relationship": "role_needs_skill",
            "object": "Critical Thinking"
        }
    ]
}

Fields

Field	Type	Description
document_id	string	Identifier
title	string	Job posting title
description	string	Full job posting text (job summary, major duties, qualifications, education)
source	string	Where the posting was retrieved from (USAJOBS)
retrieved_at	string	ISO 8601 timestamp of when the posting was retrieved via the USAJOBS API
attributes	list of objects	Structured attributes extracted from the posting
attributes[].relationship	string	One of the relationship types below
attributes[].object	string	The value associated with the relationship

source and retrieved_at exist specifically to support the attribution OPM encourages for reuse of USAJOBS data — see "Licensing" below.

Relationship types

Relationship	Meaning	Object vocabulary
role_needs_skill	A skill required by the role	Skill taxonomy (see below)
role_nice_to_have_skill	A skill that is a plus but not required	Skill taxonomy (see below)
role_needs_seniority_greater_than_or_equal	Minimum seniority level required	junior, senior, lead

The skill vocabulary is sourced from the O*NET 31.0 Database, spanning six content-model domains: Abilities, Work Styles, Essential Skills, Transferable Skills, Knowledge, and Software Skills. This deliberately includes general worker attributes (e.g. "Active Listening," "Critical Thinking") alongside software/technology skills (e.g. "Python," "Kubernetes") — not a software-only vocabulary. This component carries its own attribution requirements, separate from the rest of this dataset — see "Licensing" below.

The full current vocabulary is published alongside this dataset as skills.csv (domain_name, skill_name, description, reference_url columns — domain_name is one of the six ONET content-model domains above, description is ONET's own explanation of the element, and reference_url links to the ONET Online entry for that skill). This file is updated over time as the underlying ONET domain selection changes; it reflects the vocabulary in use as of the version of train.jsonl published alongside it, not a fixed final list.

Known limitations

• The dataset is small and still growing; the current release contains only a handful of annotated postings.
• Each task was annotated by a single annotator, so no inter-annotator agreement statistics are available yet.

Licensing

This dataset uses layered licensing: different components carry different terms, but unlike some other sources, every component here is genuinely open for commercial use. Read both parts below before reuse.

1. This dataset's own content — CC BY 4.0

The dataset structure, the human-created annotations (attributes), the document_id linkage, and all other original work by the author are licensed under CC BY 4.0: Creative Commons Attribution.

This license allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long as attribution is given to the creator. The license allows for commercial use.

To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ For the full legal text, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode

2. Skill taxonomy terms — O*NET 31.0 Database (CC BY 4.0, with attribution requirements)

The skill names used as object values for role_needs_skill and role_nice_to_have_skill attributes are sourced from the O*NET 31.0 Database, produced by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA) and developed by the National Center for O*NET Development.

Per the ONET 31.0 Database Content License (https://www.onetcenter.org/license_db.html), this data is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) — the ONET taxonomy has good grain for this purpose and this license is unambiguous and safe to build on. The license applies with specific attribution and trademark conditions that hold independently of this dataset's own CC BY 4.0 notice above:

• Credit the O*NET 31.0 Database and USDOL/ETA as the original source, link to the CC BY 4.0 license, and indicate that changes were made (this dataset uses a curated, filtered selection of ONET domains/elements, not the complete ONET 31.0 Database).
• Suggested attribution: "This page includes information from the ONET 31.0 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. ONET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. [Author] has filtered and selected a subset of this information. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications."
• O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. When referring to it, "ONET" must be used as an adjective (e.g. "ONET data," "information from the O*NET database"), never as a noun, verb, or in possessive/plural form, and the trademark symbol should be displayed on first use.
• This dataset's use of the O*NET Database is not endorsed by USDOL/ETA.

3. Job posting text — USAJOBS Public Data (open license by statute)

The title and description fields are drawn from publicly posted vacancy announcements retrieved via the USAJOBS Search API, operated by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM).

Per OPM's own USAJOBS API Terms, this falls under "Public Data", defined and licensed as follows (quoted directly from OPM's terms):

Public Data Use

For purposes of these Terms, "Public Data" means federal job-announcement and related reference data that OPM makes publicly available in an open, machine-readable format through a USAJOBS API, including the Search, Historic JOA, Announcement Text, and public code-list endpoints. Consistent with 44 U.S.C. §§ 3502 and 3506(b)(6), OPM provides Public Data under an open license. Public Data may be copied, stored, reformatted, adapted, analyzed, published, redistributed, and used for lawful commercial or noncommercial purposes. Prior OPM approval is not required. API registration and credentials govern access to the API Service, not lawful downstream reuse of Public Data. Public Data does not include content separately identified in accompanying metadata or notice as subject to a specific legal or third-party intellectual-property restriction.

OPM further encourages (without requiring) that reusers:

• identify USAJOBS as the source,
• link to the current official job announcement,
• include the date on which the data was retrieved, and
• disclose that an unofficial product or service is not operated, sponsored, approved, or endorsed by OPM.

This dataset follows that guidance: every record's source field identifies USAJOBS, and retrieved_at records the exact retrieval timestamp. This dataset is an unofficial product, not operated, sponsored, approved, or endorsed by OPM. A direct link to each specific official announcement is not included, since USAJOBS does not guarantee permanent per-posting URLs for closed announcements; document_id and retrieved_at together identify which announcement, as retrieved at that time, each record corresponds to.

Because this falls under an open license by statute (44 U.S.C. §§ 3502, 3506(b)(6)), both commercial and non-commercial reuse of this posting text is permitted without further permission from OPM — no commercial-use restriction applies here either.